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The aim of this research is to determine the life goals and individual career planning levels of university students and to test the relationships between determining life goals and individual career planning. The method of the research was carried out according to the relational screening model, one of the quantitative research methods. The universe of the research consists of students of a state university studying in the departments of economics, international relations, finance, business administration, management information systems, political science and public administration at the Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences. Data were collected using convenience sampling method and questionnaire. Pearson Correlation analysis was used to test the relationship between variables in the analysis of the data. According to the findings, there is a positive and significant relationship between determining life goals and individual career planning. In addition, when the relations with the sub-dimensions are examined; a positive and significant relationship between internal goals and external goals sub-dimensions of life purpose and individual career planning; It has been determined that there is a positive and significant relationship between determining life goals and the sub-dimensions of selfevaluation, recognizing opportunities, determining goals and creating a plan of individual career planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is consensus that climate change is one of the biggest problems of the 21st century. This study investigates the management accounting techniques used for carbon emissions in different dimensions by the Borsa Istanbul-100 Index companies in Turkey. The study uses the CDP (2017) survey responses of the companies, and analyzes the them by qualitative content analysis through the NVivo 12 program. The coding maps expose the management accounting techniques of each company. Results show that the management accounting techniques used in carbon management stages are; Incentive 87%, Planning and Goal Setting 84%, Performance Measurement 84% and External Assurance 71%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to determine the relationship between public service announcements/obligatory broadcasts and social studies curriculum and how and in what ways these broadcasts affect the social studies curriculum. A total of 54 obligatory broadcasts and 40 public service announcements were subject to document analysis in the context of their relationship to the 2018 social studies curriculum in the research, which was designed explorative qualitative research methods. Public service announcements and obligatory publications were accessed from the RTUK website and social networking sites. Public service announcements and obligatory broadcasts within the scope of the research were analyzed in terms of their relationship with the learning objective, learning domain, value, specific goals, and skills of the social studies curriculum. This research suggests that social studies teachers can use these broadcasts by integrating them into their courses. In this context, it is recommended that social studies teachers follow up public service announcements/obligatory broadcasts about their lessons by taking into account their up-to-dateness and use them through matching course subject and content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the research, it is aimed to evaluate the Turkish Course Curriculum in terms of the enrichment of vocabulary. In order to achieve this goal, the explanations and objectives of the Turkish Course Curriculum regarding the general objectives, approach, learning teaching process were examined. The research was carried out in accordance with the qualitative approach. The data source of the research is the Turkish Course Curriculum updated in 2019. Data related to Turkish Course Curriculum was collected by document analysis technique. The data obtained were subjected to descriptive and content analysis. As a result of the research, it was determined that there is a general-objectives statement about enrichment the vocabulary in Turkish Course Curriculum. The approach applied in the curriculum requires a student-centered and active participation-based process in vocabulary teaching. There are objectives in all language arts / skills to enrichment of vocabulary. However, it was observed that the related objectives were mostly concentrated in the skills of reading and writing learning. In addition, it is also important to that find objectives continue from primary school to the end of middle school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

n this study, it was aimed to examine the concept of motivation, the reasons for low motivation and contemporary motivation theories, and to present some strategies for increasing motivation based on instructional experiences and motivation theories. Motivation includes elements such as interaction, selection, belief, and value. Motivation consists of starting the behavior within the scope of the target and an action, directing the behavior to the goal and maintaining the behavior. To better understand the importance of motivation in learning, motivation theories should be examined in the light of the literature. Attribution, expectancy-value, self-efficacy, goal-setting, self-determination, social-cognitive, self- regulation, and ARCS theories were briefly examined. It has been observed that approaches such as planning teaching processes with a student-centered approach, valuing students' emotions, considering students' needs, giving informative feedback, using strategies that will ensure praise, reward and active participation, and implementing appropriate assessment strategies are important in increasing students' motivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Being at the focal point of geopolitical theories, the Mediterranean is one region where global competition continues uninterrupted throughout history. Since Peter the Great, Russia, which has seen itself as a great power candidate, wants to reach the Eastern Mediterranean, which it regards as the hot sea, and part of the region's competition. Despite this request, she could not have reached her goal of occupying Istanbul by defeating the Ottoman Empire, and in no way reached the Eastern Mediterranean. The Soviet Administration, which came to power by overthrowing the Tsarist regime, did not give up its' goals but realized that it was impossible to have the Turkish Straits and put the strategy of obtaining a permanent military base in the region into effect. In this context, a military base was acquired in Syria, but it became necessary to be withdrawn from the region after losing the Cold War. Later Russia returned to the Eastern Mediterranean region and the Middle East region as of the mid-2000s with the claim of being a great power. In such a case, the question arises whether Russia, who has failed twice, will succeed this time. In this study, in which the answer to the subject in question will be sought, great importance was attached to reflecting the views of all parties, including Russia, to reach a correct conclusion. At the result of the analysis as a summary, it was concluded that no factor could prevent Russia from being permanent in the region, but it did not have the ability to fulfill the great power's tasks with its current capability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of organizational justice and its dimensions on organizational alienation on municipal employees. In order to achieve this goal, a survey was applied to 151 active Bandırma municipality employees located in Bandırma district of Balıkesir province. The data obtained by face to face survey method were analyzed with the help of SPSS program and various findings were obtained. As a result of analyzes, it was found that organizational justice has a negative effect on organizational alienation. At the same time, it was determined that the distributive justice dimension of organizational justice had a negative effect on organizational alienation, while it was found in the study that the procedural and interactional justice dimensions of organizational justice did not have a significant effect on organizational alienation. At the end of the study, suggestions were made for organizations, managers and future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study is to reveal the path followed by school principals during the administration processes, to determine the problems encountered and solutions related to them. The research was conducted in qualitative method. 18 school principals participated in the study. The data were collected through focus group interviews. Content analysis and descriptive analysis were used in the analysis of the data. School principals at all levels state that they make joint decisions by consulting with school stakeholders in the decision-making process in administration. School principals believe in the benefit of planning and effective communication in the administrative processes. According to the principals, influencing is a difficult job in terms of motivating individuals and reaching the goal. School principals attach importance to task distribution and teamwork. Talent, skill and willingness are considered in the distribution of tasks. They provide their evaluations by following the report with the evaluation criteria they have determined together with the stakeholders. It is thought that this study will help to understand the perceptions of school principals about administrative processes. Accordingly, more comprehensive studies should be conducted on school principals and administrative processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the intense interest of social media as a communication medium all over the world, brands have started to use social media platforms to reach their goals by interacting with their current and potential customers. Although it has many advantages compared to classical communication tools when the right methods are applied, its dynamic structure and constantly changing trends have made it more important for brands to understand the effects of communication on these platforms on their customers. In this context, a face-to-face survey was conducted with 400 university students in order to examine the relationships between brand satisfaction, trust and loyalty of brands followed on social media. In line with the model created, it was concluded that brand satisfaction has a direct and positive effect on brand trust and brand loyalty, while brand trust plays a partial mediating role in the effect of brand satisfaction on brand loyalty. The results obtained are thought to be beneficial for practitioners as it can help brands to form brand communication strategies on social media, and the examination of the relationships between these variables, which are basic brand components, within the scope of social media is considered to contribute to the relevant literature academically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Businesses invest in executive development programs to compete both nationally and internationally. One of the most important parts of executive development programs is to develop end-state competencies. The elements of the development of end-state competencies are; compelling managerial tasks are access to develop mentally managerial tasks, feedback and learning orientation. In the studies carried out, it has been determined that the compelling tasks given for the development of the manager shave a positive relationship on the management competencies of the concepts such as learning focus, Access to highly developmental managerial assignment and feedback. This study investigates the effect and relationship levels of the sevariables, which ocur independently of each other, on end-state competencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hasan Onat is an important Islamic scholar who strives to create a new Islamic civilization that includes humanity at its center and can address the modern world, including the universal values produced by humanity. He did not prioritize any field among the authors whose thoughts he consulted. All the resources that can support him on this path and the ideas of thinkers that leave their mark, religion, history, philosophy, psychology, genetics, etc. brought it together with a critical approach. Following the understanding of "a new method in Islamic sciences" that he tried to develop, he tried to place each of them as a part of the whole. He did not refrain from reflecting these on his discourse. In reaching this goal, he gave great importance to subjects such as the sources of knowledge, mass psychology, and the philosophy of history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to investigate the types and objectives of social enterprises in Turkey, in which ways they ensure financial sustainability; the kind of leadership skills that social entrepreneurs have in order to reach contradictory goals such as social benefit and commercial demands. Our study is replication of the study of Smith vd. (2012). The data of this study obtained from meeting with eleven social entrepreneurships, is analyzed with NVivo 12 qualitative data analysis program. Results show that most of the social enterprises taking part in the sample are in the form of a hybrid organization and that the most commonly adopted aims are to strengthen civil society and support private individuals to serve the community. The financial source of social enterprises is generally obtained from product sales and activities such as training / consultancy. In addition, it has been determined that social entrepreneurs need to have paradoxical leadership skills such as being stable-consistent and ensuring participation in decisions in order to integrate conflicting demands such as social benefit and commercial gain. Our results are consistent with the results of the study of Smith et al. (2012). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Personnel scheduling is quite important in ensuring customer expectations and planning workforce requirements properly. The daily shifts should be planned in a regular and systematic manner so that shift workers would be able to perform their services as required. In this study, the problem of determining the weekly shift order of 42 students working part-time at a university central library was discussed. Goal programming and Analytic Hierarchy Process methods were used for assigning the students to the appropriate days and shifts by considering their weekly course schedules. The GAMS 23.5 program was used to develop a weighted goal programming model to solve the issue. A schedule providing the desired objectives and constraints was obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Sustainable Development Goals are the goals set by the United Nations (UN) to eradicate poverty, to live in peace and prosperity, and to protect the planet. The UN plans to accomplish this initiative until the year 2030. In order for the development to be sustainable, it is expected to spread to all parts of the population. At this point, libraries that provide free services to all levels of the community come to the forefront as the natural supporter of the Sustainable Development Goals. In this study, it is aimed to reveal these existential roles of libraries. Therefore, the activities supporting the Sustainable Development Goals were tried to be determined by examining the activity reports of the libraries serving within the body of the Ministry of Culture. For this purpose, fourteen (14) activity reports between the years of 2006 and 2019 were evaluated. Research shows that the equitable, democratic and inclusive services provided by libraries already support development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social cohesion is an academic field of study, which has gained importance especially in recent years. At the same time, it has also became a high politics issue for states too. The concept of Social Cohesion, which aims at balanced development with various arguments for the prosperity of individuals and society, has different approaches from many different perspectives. Therefore, there is no single definition accepted by everyone about the Social Cohesion. So, this concept, which attracts the attention of international institutions and national governments, has also become a goal of importance for the European Union with its supranational structure. The European Union's vision of founding is to bring together European and European states that have become impoverished due to years of wars under a common umbrella, to ensure peace and prosperity. Hereby, the eventual aim is to make peace and fair sharing dominate the continent. Primarily, the "Citizens' Europe" process, which was intended to be created by ensuring the fusion among Europeans, could not be brought to the desired level due to various crises and cultural differences. Subsequently the winds of globalization, which has prevailed in recent years, is making social cohesion more and more difficult. Based on this point, this study while examining the concept of social cohesion in various aspects, also analyzes the efforts, goals and current level of the European Union in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change is a problem that affects all parts of the World. As discussed in this study, in UAVs will help scientists, policy makers, administrators to create alternative ways of dealing with urban/environmental problems, improving the quality of life. The opportunities to use UAVs are endless. Today, it has become a necessity for scientists, farmers, policy makers, other managers to apply ever-evolving UAV technologies to efforts to increase climate resilience. Increasing the sustainability of our urban, rural, coastal communities depends on the use of new technologies such as UAVs. Likewise, in the study, "How can we benefit from using unmanned aerial vehicles in combating climate change?" focused on the research question. And in the study, it was seen that UAVs offer the opportunity to examine the effects of climate change or the factors affecting climate change at different scales. And within the scope of "Sustainable Development Goals", it has been concluded that UAVs are effective tools in achieving the goals of "Good Health And Well-Being; Sustainable Cities and Communities; Life On Land; Climate Action". Likewise, studies that show that UAVs can plant trees 10 times faster than humans and emit 23-54% less than trucks have also reinforced this result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Having been one of the most important states of the Ottoman Empire and administration centre of Anatolian Province, Kütahya was also a sanjak centre to which 29 districts were affiliated to in the first half of the 17th century. Due to this administrative position, Kütahya took important roles in any administrative and financial organisation of the Ottoman Empire. In addition, the primary compulsory activity, to which all units of government contributed voluntarily or due to their responsibilities, regarding the political goals set by the government was campaign organisations. Accordingly, full support of all provincial units in any campaign region was necessary for a successful campaign organisation. In this regard, in the Revan and Baghdad campaigns organized during the period of Murat IV, organizations were also made in which all units of the Ottoman Empire contributed altogether. In this examination made especially based on archive records, the contribution of Kütahya Sanjak to the afore-mentioned wars was subjected regarding the tax in-kind collected from the districts of Kütahya Sanjak during the campaigns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As well as the fact that scientific studies and articles come under criticism is important for an academic realm, criticisms in this field is certainly valuable. As it is known, scientific studies ensue from long-term working and laborious studies. The papers that scholars wrote by spending time and laboring through scientific methods are published after its final shape. Whether the study submitted to the scientific realm is successful, proves its argument and attains its goal eventually or not appear through criticisms. Scientific criticism must definitely be made by scientific experts in regarding the scientific field, honest persons in touch with ethical and moral rules. Otherwise, the papers published for trivializing, denigrating, humiliating studies and insulting scientists cannot be recognized to be scientific criticisms. Some people being deprived of scientific ethics publish articles or get them to publish in order to scientific studies and their authors because of some reasons such as jealousy, intolerance, hiding their lack of inaptitude. It is necessary to answer those who publish such articles, even to bring action against them. It is compulsory to write this paper because of such an unfounded article. The chronicle of Halil Nuri Bey who was the chronicler between 1174-1779 in the Ottoman Empire was subjected to critical edition after transcribing into Latin alphabet as a result of PhD dissertation, later it was published by an international publishing house. Those who were jealous of this study published a libelous paper under cover of criticism in order to trivialize the study and the author. This responsive paper was prepared to state that these claims and insults were unfounded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Ottoman Empire was in the process of disintegration in the 19th century. The non-Muslim nations living in the Balkan geography under the Ottoman rule began to rebel with the influence of nationalist thoughts. The Bulgarians started to gain power in the process with the support of the Russia and took important steps towards independence. According to the Treaty of San Stefano signed after the Ottoman-Russian War of 1877-1878, it was envisaged to establish a large independent Bulgarian Kingdom. In the face of this development, which would allow Russia to reach its goal of landing on the warm seas through Bulgaria and to have absolute advantage over the Balkans, the Great Powers particularly Britain, intervened and a new treaty was made in Berlin. With the Treaty of Berlin, an Autonomous Bulgarian Principality, whose borders were narrowed was established and the Eastern Rumelia Province under the Ottoman rule was formed. The Bulgarians rebelled in Plovdiv with an attempt to weaken Ottoman influence in Eastern Rumelia in order to put the region under the rule of the Bulgarian Principality. There were conflicts in the region and the events were closely followed by the foreign press. As a matter of fact, it was seen that the events of Eastern Rumelia were followed in all dimensions by the American press and the newspapers mostly include news and comments in favor of the Bulgarians. This is also important that it indicates the political and economic interest of the United States towards the Ottoman geography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Employees are employed in order to achieve the goals of organizations, but they work to meet their individual expectations. If organizations do not meet the expectations of employees, psychological contract breach may occur. At the same time, employees whose expectations are not met perceive that their organization is not keeping its promise and may feel anger and disappointment towards their organization. In addition, they may believe that their organization lacks integrity, and this may result in organizational cynicism This study has been carried out based on the view that psychological contract breach may lead to organizational cynicism within the framework of the aforementioned relationship. Although there are studies on the concepts of psychological contract breach and organizational cynicism in the literature, it is the originality of this study that there is no study on white-collar workers in the call center sector. The sample of the study consists of 191 white-collar employees working in call center sector in Istanbul. In this research, questionnaire technique which is a data collection method was used. At the same time, the data obtained in the study were analyzed using the quantitative analysis method in the SPSS program. According to the results of the research, psychological contract breach has a significant and positive effect on organizational cynicism. Besides, it has been observed that psychological contract breach has a significant and positive effect on the dimensions of organizational cynicism (cognitive cynicism, affective cynicism and behavioral cynicism). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Individuals will both do a lot of jobs in a limited period as a result of industrialization and devote more time to leisure time activities. The purpose of the study is therefore to determine whether a significant difference exists between the management of free time and the socio-demographic characteristics of associate students at a public university. In this analysis, "quantitative research approach" was favored. From quantitative research approaches, "descriptive research" was selected. "Simple random sampling" from "probability sampling" techniques was favored in the analysis. For the analysis, "survey method" from data collection techniques was used. In order to determine substantial variations between the free time management (goal setting and measurement, free time behaviors, strategy and scheduling) and sociodemographic characteristics (school, age, gender, class, education status and general grade average) of associate students, several statistical tests (normality test, independent sample t-test and one-way variance test) were performed. As a result of the analysis, it was observed that progress in handling free time improves as the average note amount increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) undertake a huge task for sustaining a balanced economic and regional development. Nonetheless, as in many other countries, SMEs in our country face many problems. Many institutions for reducing such problems support SMEs. Despite being supported, SMEs are not able to reach their goals as desired. In this study, surveys dealing with the determination of problems of SMEs in Ankara 1st Organized Industrial Zone have been carried out, and advices for solutions have been submitted. In the result of the study, it has been found out that the main problems of SMEs are ranked according to their importance and frequency; production costs, finance, export, technology, R&D, production, marketing, organization and management. Many suggestions for solving these problems have been suggested, and especially it has been emphasized that as an application that will reduce the costs barter should be used, total quality management and ISO9000 quality standard should be applied and computer-aided production should be encouraged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Textbooks are a guide for instructors. And they guide instructors to achieve the goal of a course and help to create a specific system. Through the course of Kyrgyz literature, the student takes a great way to gain the love of reading literary works. In this study, the findings related to course books in Kyrgyz literature that was prepared for the 10th grade in education institutions whose education is in Kyrgyz were collected by document analysis method. When we look at the content of the study, the textbook was evaluated in terms of shape and content. As a result, the analyzed textbook is a consistent with the Kyrgyz Literature Standard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, all businesses need to keep their costs under control besides increasing their sales in order to sustain their assets and achieve their goals. Accommodation enterprises constitute an important part of tourism sector. They should pay special attention to the food and beverage departments for being able to profit at the targeted level and to provide an advantage in comparison to their competitors in the quality of service that they offer. It is also important to have an effective food and beverage cost control. In this regard, accommodation enterprises should try to make an effective food and beverage cost control by choosing one of the simple, detailed, standard or potential cost methods. In this study, an application for the determination of food and beverage costs in a four-star accommodation enterprise operating in the Aegean region and an application for the detection of leakages in the food and beverage units were carried out for increasing the control power of the enterprise. In the study, an application for leak detection in food and beverage units was realized by using the sales price control method. Findings obtained as a result of the application were evaluated and suggestions were made to increase the control power of the enterprise in this field. The data related to the subject of the application were collected through interview method which is one of the qualitative research methods. With the cost control method applied for leakage detection in the food and beverage units in the enterprise, income and expenses were analysed and it was ensured that the real situation in the units was presented. As a result, it was determined that the income loss of 18.53% due to the net income expectation in the enterprise where the application was carried out was caused by leakages in the beverage units. Thus, it can be evaluated that the process applied for leak detection was an effective method for minimizing such losses in enterprises. This is important as it is an approach that will strengthen the direct control system of enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to determine how the psychological safety perceptions of the employees, about the organizational environment, affect the political tactical behaviors. The quantitative method was preferred in the research and the data were obtained using the survey technique. Analyzes were carried out on the data obtained from 820 participants in total. According to the results of the research, the participants do not perceive themselves very safe in the organization they work in and prefer primarily rationality influence tactics and upward influence tactics to achieve their goals. A moderate and low-level negative relationship was found between the perception of psychological safety and political tactical behavior in general and its sub-dimensions. It is determined that the perception of psychological safety affects the upward influence tactics at the highest level, has a relative impact on the exchange tactics, and has an effect on the tactics of rational persuasion, albeit at a level that can be considered as absent. In addition, it was observed that the employees' political tactical behavior and psychological safety perception differed according tto demographic characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most of today's public institutions try to improve their performance and reach their goals in order to provide people with better service and better quality of life. For many of these organizations, developing strategies with specific visions, missions and goals has become a norm. There are several strategic frameworks to guide organizations in strategic management and performance measurement. One of these frameworks, Balanced Scorecard (BSC), was used in this study with its four dimensions. Within the scope of the study, DEMATEL-ANP (D-ANP) was used to evaluate the performance of a municipality in our province, by considering the balanced scorecard dimensions. Here, the DEMATEL method was used to determine the criteria weights considering the relationships between the criteria and by combining with the ANP method, effective weights were calculated for each dimension and criterion. According to these weights, the performance of the municipality was evaluated in terms of the four dimensions of balanced scorecard. According to the results obtained, it was found that the most important criterion in the performance evaluation was the reduction of the complaints received after the service and it was observed that more importance was given to internal processes dimension thanbalanced scorecard dimensions [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Performance measurement is a very important point for businesses today. Businesses need analysis to see their performance in many issues, such as maintaining continuity, gaining a competitive advantage, achieving their forward-looking goals. The construction sector is among the largest sectors in the world. The construction sector is seen as a driving force in the economy in Turkey. This sector, which is of great importance in the economy, also affects its subsectors. The research focused on construction companies registered in Borsa İstanbul (BIST) due to the mobility experienced in the construction sector in recent years. Data Envelope Analysis (VZA) method, which is among the non-parametric methods, was used to determine whether the performance of companies was effective in this study. The 2019 data of the companies were discussed, and the analysis showed companies that were active and inactive. Improvement recommendations have been made for inactive companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first aid can be needed in everywhere or for everyone so it should be teached by the catchy methodologies. This study focuses on the development of learning skills with animation systems, one of the latest products of information technologies, and summarizes the methods and materials used for educational activities. The goal of this study is to determine how the computer aided animation methodologies effect on first aid learning on the primary school fifth grade students. To reach this goal, the literatüre review and a case study has been done in the study. The results showed that the children enjoy during they are learning if the computer based system would be used. The computer aided systems also prevent loosing attrection. Also these systems let students to have virtual experiments. The case study has been done only in Muhsine Zeynep Primary School and this is the limitedness of this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The skills that we use to achieve our goals in the listening process are called listening strategies. With this study, the Turkish teachers' opinions were defined, regarding the applicability of the listening strategies included in the literature. The study group of the research was consisted of 11 Turkish teachers including 3 females and 8 male, working at the public schools in Bitlis city center, in 2018-2019 academic year. The Turkish teachers' opinions were explored with an interview form having ten items, formed in qualitative pattern and phenomenological type, including 2 metacognitive strategy questions, 7 cognitive strategy questions and 1 question increasing the applicability of the listening strategie. The data collected in the research were subjected to the content analysis, and the frequencies of the resulting findings were obtained. The compliance between the data encoded by two separate researchers for the ensurance of reliability of the study, is 86 percent. According to the results obtained in the research, five essential titles that make the usage of listening strategies stronger or weaker, were defined as follows: teacher, listening material, student, environment, and speaker. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current study, the aim was to examine the loss of father and bereavement among young Turkish adults. For this aim, semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven young adults. The research question was "How do young adults experience father loss and bereavement?" The data was analyzed with Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. In this article, four of the emerging themes were explained in detail. These themes involve the symbolic meanings of father loss, emotions experienced after losing the father, coping with and adapting to father loss and factors making the mourning process harder. The young adults viewed their fathers as an important source of warmth, caring, protection, soothing, guidance and authority. Therefore, they reported apparent difficulties in fulfilling these needs. The theme emotions experienced after losing the father includes emotions such as sadness, loneliness, emptiness, yearning, fear, relief, anger, and guilt, and regarding the emotions anger and guilt, some special factors exacerbated their intensity. The third theme, coping with and adapting to father loss involved emotional preparation to loss, making meaning, finding emotional outlets to cope with feelings, avoidance, getting support, romantic partner as a substitute and setting goals and ideals to overcome the burden of grief. The fourth theme included some personality characteristics such as introversion and emotionality, the broken mother and relationship style with the father. The results and their implications were discussed in the final part of the article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

al-Nāsır-Lidīn Allāh (575-622/1180-1225), who remained on the throne for the longest time among Abbāsīd caliphs, pursued a policy aiming to recognize the Abbāsīds as the sovereign state by whole Muslims in his forty-five years lasted reign. To achieve this goal, he removed Iraqī Seljuks' dominance (511-590/1118-1194) and adopted a balancing behavior towards Khwārazmshāhs (490-628/1097-1231). He also tried to converge different political and confessional groups within the Abbāsīd community. As a part of the politics followed by al-Nāsır, knowing the relations of the viziers with the caliph and other high-level statesmen and their activities will provide a better understanding of the goals that al-Nāsır wanted to achieve. Sixteen appointments were repeatedly made to the vizierate during this period. However, only Ibn Yūnus, Ibn Hadīda, Ibn al-Qassāb and Ibn Mahdī were appointed as a vizier, while other eight people were appointed by proxy (nāib al-wazīr). Therefore, it is thought that it would be more appropriate to investigate these four principal viziers who are assumed to be more influential in the state administration than others. That is why this study scrutinizes the training of viziers, the roles they undertook at the state administration, their appointment and dismissal processes, their relations with the caliph and other officials by chronological order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Being one of the founding leaders, Peter the Great (1672-1725) had a great influence on Russia's achievement of its current position in the international system. Peter the Great, who made his country an empire during his tenure in power, did not satisfy with this status, set a goal for Russia to achieve global power status. He envisaged to reach the warm waters as one of the basic conditions to achieve his goal, and as of this date, the "Policy of Reaching the Hot Seas" has become an unchanging symbol of Russian Foreign Policy. Accordingly depending on this goal, Russia's desire to expand to the south had been resulted in constant competition against the Ottoman Empire. For this reason, the Ottoman Empire had to clash with Russia both in Eastern Europe and in the Caucasus. It is noteworthy that Russia used three basic strategies in its expansion towards the south in this period. These are respectively Panslavism, Pan-Orthodoxy put into practice by being the patroness of the Orthodox under Ottoman rule, and also collaboration with some ethnic elements in the country. The main goal of all three strategies was to weaken the political integrity and national resistance of the Ottoman Empire. As a part of this attrition policy, since the beginning of the 19th century, Russia started to deal with some ethnic elements such as Armenians and Kurds within the Ottoman Empire. This interest had resulted in serious consequences both in the Caucasus region and in the Ottoman geography. Russia's relationship with Kurdish groups has been continuing today, albeit in different dimensions. Therefore, this relationship between the parties is considered to be a factor that the must be taken into account in the formulation of regional policies. For this reason, in this study, the answers to questions such as what kind of outcomes Russia's policy towards Kurds may have resulted in the Middle East and how this may have reflections on regional relations will be sought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the sustainable development goals is to ensure gender equality. Gender discrimination in employment reduces the social benefit of gender equality. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between youth female unemployment and development through data belonging to European Union countries. 1991-2018 period data and panel data analysis method were used for the study. Findings obtained from the analysis show that there is unidirectional causality from youth female unemployment to development. According to the result, it can be stated that women play an important role in the development process in European Union countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is a relationship between self-efficacy perception and cyberloafing behaviors defined as the use of non-business internet and technology. To achieve this goal, Cyberloafing and Self-Efficacy scales were applied to 115 employees of a company operating in the service sector in Gönen district of Balıkesir. Data obtained by face-to-face survey method were analyzed with a package program and various findings were obtained. As a result of the research, it has been determined that It has been determined that self-efficacy perception has a negative effect on serious cyberloafing which is the sub-dimension of cyberloafing behavior. On the other hand, it has been determined that self-efficacy perception does not have a significant effect on minor cyberloafing which is another sub-dimension of cyberloafing behavior. At the end of the study, suggestions were made for future researches and managers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on various aspects related to the periodical "Millî Folklor," including general principles, objectives and how the articles are evaluated before publishing.

In this study, the effects of gratitude writing (GW) and life goals writing (LGW) exercises on the subjective well-being (SWB) of Turkish freshmen were investigated. The study was carried out with a sample of 86 students (25 students in GW group, 28 students in LGW group, and 33 students in waiting list control group). Satisfaction with Life, Positive Affect and Negative Affect, Gratitude, and Life Goals scales were administered to the experimental and control groups before the treatment, after the treatment, and four week afterwards the treatment. Data were analyzed by using covariance analysis and t-test for related samples. Results indicated that, both the GW and LGW exercises were effective in increasing SWB among first year students. Additionally, GW exercise was found effective in increasing gratitude level, whereas LGW exercise was found effective in increasing extrinsic life goals. No significant differences were found between the retention test and posttest test means of all the dependent variables for the control group. But, for GW and LGW groups, significant decreases were found between the posttest and retention test for gratitude scores. Gender was not found as a contributing factor to SWB levels of the participants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human beings want to have mental and physical health, attach to life, and also have a happy life. In this process, they need several tools. The goals are the most important tool for a happy and healthy life. Goals help individuals become aware of problems in a timely fashion, which in turn leads to healthy solutions. Goals give direction for life of an individual, and also help avoid chaos. Goals can help motivate individual by clarifying and communicating what the individual is striving to achieve. In addition to these, goals are important determinants for physical and mental health. In this article, the history of goals in psychology, definition of goals, types of goals, transferring of goals for real life, relationships between goals and cultures, implementation programs which are goal oriented, goals in national literature, and also relationships between goals, physical and mental health have been briefly reviewed. As a result, many scientific disciplines could use goals as protective and preventive tools for mental and physical health of individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: In psychology it has been proved that setting life goals is very important for physical and mental health. People who set goals do not only have a healthier development but also they achieve a sense of a meaningful life. There are many theoretical explanations which undertake life goals; positive psychotherapy is one of them. In positive psychotherapy approach goals are understood as resources for coping with conflicts. Besides, there is a need for a scale which can measure life goals of university students in means of positive psychotherapy. Thus, we investigated the psychometric properties of The Scale of Setting Life Goals with Respect To Positive Psychotherapy on university students. Method: A total of 183 individuals between ages 19-27 (112 female and 71 male) completed The Scale of Setting Life Goals with Respect To Positive Psychotherapy, Life Orientation Scale, and also Oxford Happiness Scale. Reliabilitiy analysis, confirmatory and explatory factor analysis are used for statistical evaluation. Results: All analysis show that psychometric properties of The Scale of Setting Life Goals with Respect to Positive Psychotherapy are valid and reliable for university students. Conclusion: The Scale of Setting Life Goals with Respect To Positive Psychotherapy is valid and reliable, and also can be used for university students. We concluded that The Scale of Setting Life Goals with Respect To Positive Psychotherapy is a useful tool for future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aims to analyse the relationship between life satisfaction and functions of identity among university students, and it further investigates the predictive role of identity functions on life satisfaction. The participants were 253 undergraduates from various departments of Istanbul University, Hasan Ali Yücel Faculty of Education. Correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were conducted to investigate the data. The results of the regression analysis revealed that functions of identity, namely structure, goals, future, harmony and control, all together predict the 28% of life satisfaction scores among young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In intensive care units, which are defined as centers where many life saving instruments are used most frequently, many invasive treatment interventions are applied to patients without their consent. These interventions also affect the physiological and psychological recuperation progress adversely. It is only possible for patients in intensive care units to be unaffected or minimally affected by these poor conditions by individualized nursing care. In this direction, nurses working in the intensive care units should diagnose the problems of patients in their care,rapidly define care objectives, plan nursing interventions and put them to work and evaluate the outcomes of their applications well. It is believed that this article would be a guide for nurses working in the intensive care unit environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Encouragement in therapeutic relationship is a process for clients to construct hope and expectations related to realizing their goals. The main purpose of this literature review was to present Adlerian encouragement model and reveal the use of Adlerian encouragement, which can be used as a source in counseling applications. The literature was searched by using keywords such as "encouragement", "counseling", "positive psychology", "social interest", "counseling relationship" and "Adlerian approach". Then, the information obtained was grouped under the titles of "Encouragement in Therapeutic Relationship", "Fundamentals of Encouragement in Therapeutic Relationship", "Properties of Counseling Process Involving Encouragement" and "Potential Problems that can be Encountered in the Encouragement Process in Counseling". The findings of the study pointed out that encouragement increased the quality of therapeutic relationship. Additionally, the findings indicated that encouragement is quite functional source for counseling applications carried out with the clients who are desperate and helpless and who lose their faith in their power or whose self-confidence is not developed. Furthermore, the obtained findings emphasized that encouragement cannot be considered as independent from cultural components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Although it is widely accepted that inpatient psychiatric treatment of children and adolescents is effective, it is also essential to evaluate its effectiveness by assessing the treatment compliance following discharge and the persistence of treatment effects in the long run. The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of inpatient treatment provided in one of the rare units in our country via evaluation of the achievement of treatment goals, changes in risk assessment scores, treatment compliance following discharge, and psychological functioning as reflected in the current relationships with the family, peers and school. Methods: This study was conducted in patients who had received at least 2 weeks of inpatient treatment in Dokuz Eylul University Hospital, the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Inpatient Unit between February 2008 and January 2009. Achievement of treatment goals, changes in risk assessment scores, treatment compliance following discharge, and the level of general functioning w ere assessed 1 year after the discharge. Socio-demographic variables, psychiatric diagnosis, and duration of hospital stay were recorded for each patient. Treatment goals questionnaire, risk assessment procedure, assessment of treatment compliance following discharge, relations with peers, family and school, and general functioning were assessed with the The Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS). Results: Forty-six patients with a mean (Standard Deviation, SD) age of 16.2 (1.6) years were included in the study. It was observed that 84.7% of patients had good compliance with the outpatient treatment plans. The mean (SD) CGAS scores calculated at admission, discharge and 1 year following the inpatient treatment were 40.6 (8.8), 60.7 (9.0) and 65.1 (1.7), respectively. The change in CGAS scores was found to be statistically significant (p=0.000). Additionally, the risk assessment scores were significantly lower 1 year following the discharge (p=0.000). Conclusion: Data obtained from the study display that the inpatient treatment of children and adolescents showed marked improvements in their psychiatric morbidities, peer, family and school functioning and outpatient treatment compliance. These findings could indicate the necessity of establishing and improving child and adolescent inpatient units in our country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to examine the predictive role of life goals and psychological need satisfaction on subjective well-being. Participants of the study were composed of 1474 students from 14 state universities in Turkey. These students 777 were males and 697 were females who with age range of 18 to 28, and mean age of 21.6 (SD=2.1). In order to gather data Life Goals Scale (İlhan, 2009), Negative-Positive Affect Schedule (Gençöz, 2000), Satisfaction with Life Scale (Köker, 1991), and Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction Scale (Cihangir-Çankaya ve Bacanlı, 2003) were used. In order to test the hypotheses t-test and multiple hierarchical regression analysis were performed. Results demonstrated that female students gave more importance to intrinsic life goals and attractiveness (subscale of extrinsic life goals) compared to males. Intrinsic goals and need satisfaction were more significantly predictive with SWB than extrinsic goals. Results were discussed under the light of literature and some suggestions were presented for the future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Problem: The skill and knowledge of the teacher, that is an important item of the educational system, plays an important role in the execution of the function of objectives, since it is the teacher that will have the education reach its goal and form the students in terms of the behaviors' wanted from him/her. It depends on the knowledge level of the teacher, comprises before the service training, on this issue so, the teacher accomplishes this task. In this context, it is of critical importance for all the shareholders of the educational system to get the knowledge level of the teacher candidates on the objectives. Purpose of the Study: The purpose of this study is to identify the cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains with respect the knowledge levels related to the categories in these domains, and the difference among these knowledge levels. Method: The population of this study, which is survey model, is constituted by the teacher candidates in the Education Faculty in Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University in 2008- 2009 academic year/fall term. The sample is consisted of 179 teacher candidates chosen by the random method. The data were gained with the survey comprised 32 items of question form by the researchers. The percentage and frequency techniques were used in analysis of the data. Findings and Conclusions: As a result of the research, in terms of the domains from the highest level to the lowest level, the teacher candidates possess knowledge on affective, cognitive and psychomotor domains; in terms of the categories, the teacher candidates possess knowledge on category of the psychomotor domain, cognitive domain and affective domain. In terms of the categories from the highest level to the lowest level candidates possess knowledge, synthesis, knowledge, evaluation, analysis, application and comprehension in cognitive domain; characterization, receiving, valuing, responding and organization in affective domain; guided response, mechanism, origination, perception and adaptation in psychomotor domain. The research revealed that comprehension-characterization, perception-receiving, analysis-evaluation and responding-valuing were the most complicated categories for the candidates. Suggestions: In order to supply information gap especially related to the comprehension and organization categories, and the cognitive and psychomotor domains with the inclusion of the other domains and categories; some measures must be taken. Especially the most confused categories fort he candidates must be focused on and the knowledge levels of the candidates on the objectives must be tested by the interval measurements and the deficiencies must be supplied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this article is to study Ibn Sayyûd who claimed to be the Dajjal using a new analysis system called "Structural Analysis of transmissions (RYA)". Rather than classical hadîth criticism, it aims to search the process of hadith transmission narrated from one written source to another, additions, shortenings, cuttings and combinations. It also aims to show the root and extension portions of hadith gathered around one topic, reasons of aggregation, origins of some clichés, in which narrations they were used and goals of narrators making these operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Theory of Constraints is a new approach and different from many traditional approaches both for it's assumptions and objectives. The Theory of Constraints is a management discipline which provides the determination of the factors which hinders a company reaching its objectives and the application of necessary changes to remove these factors. This theory has been successfully applied by a lot of small and big enterprises that have operations in manufacturing, logistics, distribution, project management, reseach and development, sale and marketing for the last two decade. In this study, the theoretical framework of the Theory of Constraints and its fundamental conceptions are examined.. In addition, innovation and benefits which the theory provides for enterprises are displayed without making a comparison with other management approaches. In the direction of this purpose, studies related to theory of constraints in the literature are analyzed and it is determined consequently that this theory offers more effectual solutions than classical approaches for determining and eliminating problems that obstruct achieving goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most important institutions of today's information society is the university. The main purpose of universities is the development and distribution of culture. However new objectives have been added to this purpose. Universities make significant contributions to their home cities, and even the world, in the fields of economics and socio-culture. The subject of this paper is "The Contributions to Home Cities of Universities". In this framework, the concept of university has been mentioned, followed by the explanation of their general purposes and contributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Supplier selection is one of the most important steps of Supply Chain Management that has a significant role to achieve both short and long term goals of a company. Supplier selection is a hard multi-criteria decision-making problem which has several factors to be considered. In this context, solving the problem correctly depends on the scientific methods in decision process. In this study, the supplier selection problem of a company is examined using the effective sequencing method named PROMETHEE. Priority sequences of alternative suppliers are calculated by this method. Consequently, both the partial and the full priorities are determined and the decision-making process is analyzed in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]