Search

In the educational field, the application of neurodidactic strategies focused on emotions is presented as an innovative and effective approach to promote emotional development in students from 8 to 10 years old in the Cumana Educational Unit belonging to the Fifth year of basic education. These strategies are designed to stimulate emotional intelligence through guided practice and reflective feedback, with the aim of promoting the acquisition of essential emotional competencies. By integrating techniques that focus attention on emotions and promote emotional self-regulation, deeper and more meaningful learning is facilitated, preparing children to effectively manage their emotions in the current educational context. The children in this educational center exhibit negative behaviors, such as fights between classmates and lack of concentration in the activities directed by the teacher, among other challenges. These problems were the main reason that motivated this investigative study to be carried out. In this study, a mixed methodology was used that included diagnostic tests, interviews and observations to evaluate the emotional progress of students and design specific emotional modulation strategies. The results confirm that there is a lack of coexistence skills due to deficiencies in education. emotional. In response, it is suggested to develop a guide to educational strategies that includes activities aimed at teachers responsible for children's learning. These children will be the main beneficiaries, since they will be able to improve their interactions with their peers and, therefore, improve the coexistence environment in the classroom. In addition, it is expected that both parents and students will benefit from this proposal. The guide will help improve the direction of the teaching-learning process, which in turn will contribute to a more positive and productive school environment. This initiative is key not only to address the emotional and social needs of students, but also to strengthen collaboration between parents, teachers and students, which has the potential to significantly improve the quality of education and well-being. general of the students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Paradoxical embolism is a thrombotic event originating in the venous circulation, which manifests as arterial embolism through an anatomical cardiac or pulmonary defect. It is mainly associated with stroke, also presenting as acute myocardial infarction, renal infarction, and other ischemic events. Clinical case. A 47-year-old patient was admitted due to abdominal pain, which required emergency surgical management, finding significant intestinal ischemia. Additional studies found protein S deficiency and evidence of a patent foramen ovale. Discussion. Arterial thrombosis is known as unusual thrombosis; this situation requires to rule out associated thrombophilia or other prothrombotic diseases. Protein S deficiency is a rare thrombophilia, which in adults causes venous thrombosis. In the presence of anatomical defects, such as a patent foramen ovale, it can progress to arterial embolism, presenting a picture of paradoxical embolism. The study work of these patients requires imaging that demonstrates the aforementioned defect, as well as the possible origin of the emboli. Management is based on full anticoagulation, treatment of existing thrombotic manifestations, and management of the anatomical defect. Conclusions. Paradoxical embolism should be suspected in case of unusual thrombosis. It requires exhaustive studies based on imaging, and management should consist of anticoagulation and closure of the defect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective/context: This article analyzes the efficiency level of candidate selection methods for presidential elections in Latin America by governing parties, according to the degree of openness and internal fractionalization. The guiding hypothesis is that methods with greater openness generate greater internal fractionalization and, consequently, offer worse electoral outcomes; whereas more exclusionary methods generate less fractionalization and better electoral outcomes. Methodology: Twenty-three candidate selection processes for the presidency by ruling parties, and an equal number of presidential elections in Argentina, Chile, Mexico, and Uruguay between 1990 and 2020, under conditions of electoral integrity, are comparatively reviewed, and the degrees of openness are analyzed based on the proposal of an internal cohesion index and its effects on electoral success. Conclusions: From the cases analyzed, it can be concluded that there is no relationship between the openness of the selection methods and the fractionalization of the parties and electoral success, in this case, of those in government; and that while there is the idea that more internal democracy increases the probability of winning elections, this actually depends on other variables. Originality: The article aims to contribute to the literature on presidential candidate selection processes, particularly of governing parties, since elections are also an evaluation of the government, and the continuity or change is at stake. The selection method has effects on the parties and can define their efficiency or lack thereof in maintaining power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was based on an analysis of the agricultural, socioeconomic and food production situation in Colta canton, Chimborazo province, Ecuador, focusing on the Puruhá indigenous community. Despite its high agricultural and livestock productivity, the region faces a worrying rate of poverty and malnutrition. The agricultural system, characterized by smallholdings and subsistence agriculture, reflects limited access to technology and technical assistance. Questionnaires identified four distinct production systems, each with its own socioeconomic dynamics. Food consumption patterns reveal a preference for low-nutrient foods, influenced by the mother's level of education. Despite contributing significantly to regional production, the paradox persists: high malnutrition rates in an apparently prosperous area. The need for comprehensive strategies that address both production and equitable access to nutritious food, along with local economic development and improvement of basic social services, to effectively combat poverty and malnutrition in rural areas is emphasized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Violence against children represents a public health problem, due to the high levels of recurrence. The responsibility to naturalize the facts points to: neglect, lack of protection, misinformation, media treatment, ways of providing discipline and the poor approach to the protagonists of this story: girls and boys. Educommunication is a practical theoretical field, which allowed an interdisciplinary approach to the problem of violence towards children in 3 municipalities of Bolivia. Also, it involved main actors, granting them coresponsibilities and appropriate knowledge to generate self-protection mechanisms, prevent acts of physical, psychological and sexual violence, and promote the transformation of the lives of these populations, who are often in situations of high vulnerability., achieving adequate management to reduce these events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary objective of this research study is to assess reading mediation practices and perceptions among teachers and fourth-grade students. In-depth interviews are conducted at three public schools from Arequipa (Perú). Thematic analysis is used for data processing while information systematization is attained by applying the content analysis technique. The results shows that read-aloud, vocation, and self-regulation conducted by teachers is positive, but insufficient for students to achieve reading comprehension. Teachers assign greater importance to reading-aloud. The teachers' mediation profile is basic, with limited dialogue, and lacks exercising higher order cognitive skills such as making inferences. It is concluded that students make few questions about their readings and that they generate scarce interpretations to critically comprehend texts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rainfall is the main cause of serious social problems if there are no effective measures to mitigate its effects. Despite this, there is limited knowledge about the quality of the databases available in Manabí. The main objective of this work is to carry out a comparative analysis of rainfall databases in the province of Manabí-Ecuador, to determine a reliable source for the generation of rainfall estimates within the study area. The methodology was based on the identification of the available precipitation sources to later carry out a statistical and qualitative analysis between the selected databases. The GPM and GPCC satellite databases were obtained from their web servers; the INAMHI database was obtained from the corresponding institution; in statistical analysis it was validated by considering the Pearson R2 Coefficient; the qualitative analysis evaluated the main advantages and disadvantages of the information provided by each database. The results showed that the different sources of information had a similar spatial distribution, identifying the city of El Carmen as the sector with the highest rainfall intensity. The range of precipitations obtained from each database had significant differences. GPM strongly overestimated rainfall in lowlands, despite showing better qualities in the characteristics of the information provided. GPCC showed the best compatibility between the selected sources, but it presented certain limitations in its qualities. INAMHI was the database that registered the greatest limitations from the statistical and qualitative point of view. The use of GPCC is recommended for the estimation of rainfall in lowlands and GPM for the other sectors of the province of Manabí. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El consumo de alcohol causó 300 mil muertes en la región de las Américas, una población de riesgo son los trabajadores de la salud ya que son los encargados de brindar cuidados de la salud para lograr un funcionamiento óptimo en el sistema de salud. El objetivo general del estudio es identificar si el síndrome de Burnout predice el consumo de alcohol en trabajadores de la salud de dos instituciones hospitalarias. Material y Método: descriptivo, correlacional y predictivo, donde se incluye a 420 participantes. Se recopiló información sociodemográfica, así como datos de síndrome de Burnout a través del Inventario de Burnout de Maslach y consumo de alcohol mediante el AUDIT, cumpliendo con los aspectos éticos de la Ley General de Salud en Investigación Sanitaria. Resultados: más del 70% eran del sexo femenino, el nivel de estudios de licenciatura se identificó en mayor proporción (48.3%). Se encontró diferencia significativa por sexo en los tres tipos de consumo; riesgo (χ² = 12.881, p= 0.001), dependiente (χ² = 5.621, p= 0.018), perjudicial (χ²= 9.034, p=.003). Por edad se identificó diferencia significativa en consumo de riesgo (χ²= 12.137, p= 0.002) y dependiente (χ² = 10.242, p= 0.006). Se encontraron relaciones positivas y significativas entre síndrome de Burnout y consumo de alcohol (r_s= 0.165, p< 0.001), se observaron relaciones negativas y significativas entre edad y síndrome de Burnout (r_s= -0.113, p= 0.020), y edad con consumo de alcohol (r_s= -0.228, p< 0.001). El sexo (β= 1.646, p= 0.001) y síndrome de Burnout (β= 0.054, p= 0.002) mostraron efecto positivo y significativo con el consumo de alcohol, mientras que edad (β= -0.084, p= 0.001) tuvo efecto negativo y significativo con el consumo de alcohol. Conclusión: este trabajo planteó que los trabajadores de la salud han desarrollado síndrome de Burnout y recurren al consumo de sustancias, entre ellas el alcohol como una forma de afrontamiento. Por lo cual, se plantea la necesidad de realizar estrategias para la prevención y disminución del consumo de alcohol por parte de las organizaciones correspondientes, así como un seguimiento de la salud mental para evitar el desarrollo de otras complicaciones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The debate on percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of the unprotected left main coronary artery (LMCA) has been constant over time. Objective: To investigate the clinical and procedural characteristics and cardiovascular outcomes of PCI of unprotected LMCA. Material and methods: Observational study which included patients with unprotected LMCA disease undergoing PCI; patients with cardiogenic shock prior to the procedure were excluded. We describe the clinical and angiographic characteristics, as well as the major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) according to the year of the procedure. Results: We included 73 patients, with a SYNTAX I score of 31.2 ± 9.1, mostly with ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (35%). There was a higher frequency of triple vessel coronary disease (63%) and distal LMCA lesions (35%). The provisional stent technique was the most used for distal lesions (58%) and the 2-stent technique for bifurcation lesions (78%), supported by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) in 38%. During follow-up, 19 presented MACCE (26%), out of which cardiac death occurred in 13%, non-cardiovascular death in 5%, non-fatal acute myocardial infarction in 1%, cerebrovascular event in 2%, and revascularization of the treated vessel in 4%. Conclusions: It was observed a similar frequency to the one appearing in other studies of cardiovascular events, mainly in patients with intermediate risk, which supports the increasing use of percutaneous intervention in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Acute appendicitis is widely recognized as the prevailing abdominal surgical emergency globally, exhibiting an annual incidence ranging from 96.5 to 100 cases per 100,000 adults. Conversely, situs inversus totalis is a rare anatomical anomaly characterized by the complete reversal of the chest and abdominal organs, occurring in approximately 1 out of every 10,000 to 50,000 individuals. Clinical case: 53-year-old female patient who presented to the emergency department with a complaint of diffuse abdominal pain of colic nature that had persisted for 5 days. The patient referred systemic hypertension, pre-diabetes mellitus type 2, and situs inversus as relevant medical history. A laparotomy procedure was conducted, revealing a perforated appendix located in the right hypochondrium. Additionally, the patient exhibited situs inversus totalis, with the colon positioned in its normal anatomical location. Conclusions: Due to the low incidence of situs inversus totalis, in cases similar to the one presented, the utilization of image studies and laboratory studies is imperative for accurate diagnosis. In the face of diagnostic suspicions and inconclusive paraclinical studies, the most effective approach is to pursue surgical examination and intervention, preferably utilizing laparoscopic techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective/Context: This paper aims to analyze the vast, varied and lasting presence of the little-known revolutionary rhetoric exploited by Francisco Franco throughout the dictatorship in Spain. To this end, this rhetoric is connected with the different contexts in which it was used and with the terminology employed in those same years by thinkers or politicians linked above all to the Falange. Methodology: As this article is interested in the public discourse of Franco's regime, it has examined in detail and qualitatively the content of Franco's public speeches. For this purpose, we have resorted to the official compilations made under Franco's regime and, because of their selective and incomplete nature, also to newspaper sources. Thus, more than a history of intellectual or political ideas, this work is linked to their public and pragmatic dimension and delves into the complex practical functioning of ideologies. Originality: With few exceptions, Franco's rhetoric has not been studied in detail, and even less in the revolutionary rhetoric. The originality of this study lies in the fact that it is the first specific and analytical approach, although not quantitative, to Franco's revolutionary rhetoric. For example, it explains its unknown survival until the 1960s and even the 1970s, so that it outlived the so-called defalangization of Francoism. Conclusions: Franco's revolutionary rhetoric was characterized by great flexibility and imprecision. It underwent many changes over the years and coexisted with other central discursive frameworks, such as the Cruzada's. It was a crucial factor in the discursive legitimization of Francoism, especially in its initial years. Compared to the Cruzada, with which it complemented, it stood out for its elasticity and pretended transversality. In addition, it was connected with a legitimacy of exercise, not of origin, which was, in fact, more easily connected with the present and the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Mexico, there is a lack in academic research about bisexual Health-Disease-Attention process. This paper analyzes the main problems about health-disease for bisexual people with a Social Medicine and a Collective Health approach. In order to do this analysis, this paper offers a systematization of research's discoveries related to the Health-Disease-Attention process in bisexual people. Problems on health-disease for bisexual people include worse mental health conditions in comparison to gay and lesbian people. As psychologists have few contextualized knowledge about bisexual health-disease situations, then they cannot adequately respond to bisexual people needs. Bisexual Health-Disease-Attention process is an historical and social product where the lack of visibility and the negative valuation functions as mechanisms to regulate people's sexuality, which can be reproduced in Health-Attention places, such as Mental Health ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some characteristics of the Colombian political culture are traced, through the categories of myth, authoritarianism, alienation, and elitism, from an approach to the urban narrative of Álvaro Salom Becerra. The concept of political culture is addressed and its reception and development in Latin America, especially in Colombia, is exposed. Then the reflective potential of the confluences between philosophy and literature is discussed to study political culture, through an interpretive approach to his novels. It is concluded that literature allows exploring new ways of understanding the tensions between power and culture, also promotes a disruptive nature that dislocates the naturalization of the social order and favors the establishment of instituting actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this research was to consolidate the tourism value chain through the implementation of information technologies in the province of Huanta, Ayacucho region, Peru. The research is applied with a pure experimental design. It resulted in the generation of the web system of the tourist directory of Huanta, mobile application of the directory and 2D video game inspired by tourist sites; these tools are an ally and even more so in a context of pandemic to consolidate the articulation between the actors of the tourism value chain, providing accurate and updated information to the visitor or tourist through the internet and digital channels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the great technological advances of the XXI century, is undoubtedly AI, because it has come to revolutionize our way of life and to a large extent to facilitate our daily chores, for example, from kitchen robots, smart thermostats, or robots that clean our homes, just to mention some of them. However, in the face of this great technological advance, new problems also arise in the field of Law. Well, these conflicts, specifically in the field of criminal law, are aggravated in cases where computer supports or robots equipped with AI cause damage or endanger people, since we are faced with cases in which machines or computer programs act mutually own applying the various algorithms with which it was programmed, Even going further, no responsibility can be attributed to the programmer, nor to the company that manufactured it, much less to the end user. However, some sector of the doctrine is in favor of this conflict being resolved through criminal law, however, as will be shown throughout this article, trying to solve the problems generated by AI through criminal law is unwise, since there are other means more suitable and consistent with the legal system, that can be applied in these cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: One of the aspects that more interest raises regarding the geographical distribution of mortality due to cancer is the formation of space conglomerates. Objective: To identify the space pattern of mortality due to cancer, ischemic heart disease and ischemic cerebrovascular disease by means of the detection and description of space conglomerates in Santiago de Cuba province. Methods: A space exploratory ecological study of deaths due to cancer, ischemic heart disease and ischemic cerebrovascular disease was carried out during January 1st to December 31, 2019 in Santiago de Cuba province, for which space conglomerates of high and low mortality due to the abovementioned causes were detected. The statistical space escanning method was used with the Satscan program and the independent variables were divided in demographic and clinical. Results: Of the 36 space conglomerates of mortality detected, twenty three corresponded to cancer (65.8%), seven to ischemic heart disease (18.4%) and six to ischemic cerebrovascular disease (15.8%); also, 44.7% of the total was of high risk and 55.3% of low risk. Conclusions: The space distribution pattern of mortality due to prostate, lung, breast, colon, esophagus cancer, ischemic heart disease and ischemic cerebrovascular disease was characterized by the formation of high and low mortality space conglomerates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Health science students have a duty to care for human health; therefore, it is necessary to ensure a humanistic education based on the development and cultivation of Spiritual Intelligence. Objective: To know the Spiritual Intelligence profile and its associated factors in Peruvian health science students. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted, including 418 randomly selected students from nursing, medicine, dentistry, obstetrics, and pharmacy programs. A virtual survey was used to collect socio-educational and religious-spiritual variables. The profile of Spiritual Intelligence was assessed using the Spiritual Intelligence in Healthcare Practice Scale. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were performed using generalized linear models of the Poisson family to evaluate certain factors associated with a healthy profile of Spiritual Intelligence. Results: 21.1% of participants maintain a healthy profile of Spiritual Intelligence; also, in the dimensions of Spiritual Experience in Practice (14.1%), Existential Thinking (18.9%), Transcendental Awareness (15.3%). Considering oneself a spiritual person (RPa = 4.77; 95% CI: 1.98-11.4) and daily prayer practice (RPa = 3.02; 95% CI: 1.54-5.92) and weekly (RPa = 2.30; 95% CI: 1.12-4.72) were associated with a higher healthy profile of Spiritual Intelligence. However, several variables were identified that presented an unadjusted association with a healthy profile of Spiritual Intelligence. Conclusions: The proportion of health science students with a healthy profile of Spiritual Intelligence is low; there are certain modifiable associated factors that could enhance Spiritual Intelligence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. This study aimed to identify the areas with the highest concentration of traffic accidents and injuries in the San Salvador Metropolitan Area (SSMA). Materials and methods. Traffic accidents were analyzed spatially by point location and by the sum of events in areas of 200 m2. The point location was analyzed by "nearest neighbor analysis", while the areas with the sum of traffic accidents were analyzed by Getis-Ord Gi* to obtain the hot spots. The resulting hot spots with the highest concentration of traffic accidents in the SSMA were evaluated in the field using an observation form to collect data on infrastructure and road safety characteristics. Results. Five areas with the highest number of traffic accidents and injuries, mainly containing primary roads, were identified by analyzing 8191 traffic accidents reported between 2014-2018. Conclusion. The sites with the highest concentration of traffic accidents and injuries were characterized by considerably damaged road infrastructure and the lack of safety systems for drivers and pedestrians. The spatial analysis of traffic accidents and injuries can contribute to improve surveillance and road safety in the SSMA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this article is to socialize the experience acquired on the topic of communicative skills in working with second grade children. It was based on participatory action research, the use of inductive and deductive methods, synthetic analysis and reflection on practice. which allowed us to reach the following conclusions: Communication is a continuous process that develops throughout childhood and adolescence that is influenced by a series of factors, including exposure to language, social interaction and educational support. Second graders are making steady progress in their communication skills, but there are still areas where they can improve. Teachers can play an important role in developing second-grade children's communicative competence. By providing children with opportunities to read, write, speak, and listen, teachers can help children develop the skills they need to be successful in learning. The development of communicative competence is an important investment in children's future and parents, teachers and other adults can work together to support the development of children's communicative competence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sovereign immunity is an international doctrine according to which neither a sovereign nor a state can be sued by foreign courts. The United States regulates this legal figure through the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act of 1976. Said regulation, however, does not define the sovereign immunity of heads of state. For this reason, the case of the United States v. Noriega is of great interest, since it was the first time that the courts of one country tried a head of state of another country. In this case, the courts made a mistake by not asking the executive branch for official clarification to define General Noriega's status as head of state. In that sense, the decision did not adhere to strict law and was based on political motivations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research study the malice within the context of the Ecuadorian criminal law, from a theoretical perspective that develops classificatory criteria with a legal focus on the subject. The study explores three levels of incidence: malicious behavior in the legal process, false accusations, the ethical evaluation of human behavior, and the willful intention to cause serious harm to the individual. The report includes a theoretical-conceptual assessment of malice and a comparison with legislation in Ibero-American countries. Therefore, the overall objective is to establish a solid theoretical and doctrinal foundation that supports the inclusion of malice as a criminal offense in the Organic Integral Penal Code of Ecuador. Hence, the relevance of the study, which proposes the incorporation of 'malitiae scandalum' as a response to certain judicial authorities who, by virtue of their position or office, violate the principles of law and constitutional guarantees with malicious intent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: having an effective analgesia in the postoperative period is essential to avoid complications associated with pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Objectives: test the effectiveness of intravenous lidocaine for postoperative pain in cholecystectomized patients by laparoscopy. Material and methods: an experimental, randomized, single-blind study was carried out in patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy at the No. 1 Regional General Hospital in Obregon, Sonora. They were divided into two groups randomly: group L to whom we applied lidocaine 1.5 mg/k in infusion and group P to whom placebo was applied. A statistical analysis was performed in SPSS v. 22 and a p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: adequate pain management was observed in patients of group L upon admission to PACU (p = 0.002), lower consumption of transoperative fentanyl without statistical difference against placebo (p = 0.086), lower use of post-surgical rescue analgesia (p = 0.045), but higher incidence of adverse effects such as hypotension and bradycardia (p = 0.024). Conclusions: the infusion of lidocaine is effective for the management of immediate postsurgical pain; as well it decreases opioid consumption and analgesic rescue dose, with a low incidence of nausea and vomiting, but associated with hypotension after surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The attitudes and behaviors of parents towards raising children can be risk or protective factors and influence the presence of behavioral problems in minors. The objective of this research was to identify the relationship between internalizing and externalizing behavior problems with the parenting patterns referred to by children from fourth to sixth grade in a public primary school in the state of Tlaxcala. The study was correlational-transversal, quantitative. With a non- probabilistic, intentional sample, made up of 278 students (Mage 9.54 (SD=0.877). The Inventory of Parenting Guidelines and the Questionnaire of Internalized and Externalized Problems for Children (CPIEN) For data analysis, SPSS version 22 was used. The results showed negative correlations ranging from low to moderate between supportive discipline and disruptive behavior (r= -.30**), aggressive (r= -.19*), self-harm (r= -.31**) and depression (r= -.26**) and positive with adaptive behavior (r= .31**).In coercive discipline there was a positive correlation and moderate with depression (r= .28*).Finally, indifferent discipline showed a strong negative correlation with disruptive behavior (rs= -.56**) and another positive one with adaptive behavior (rs= .68**). It is concluded that it is essential that parents exercise a supportive parenting style to promote the optimal development of their children, likewise it is suggested to take into account other factors related to the family in future investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article perfects the operation of the lines of research in the management of science activity at the University of Matanzas so that they achieve effective expression in the University-Society link. Theoretical and empirical level methods are used. The historical-logical, analytic-synthetic, inductive-deductive, modeling, and system approach were theoretical-level methods used. These methods allowed the proposal of a work procedure. The results achieved through the science, technology, and innovation management indicators established by the Ministry of Higher Education of Cuba were evaluated. New actions to fulfill the goal of deepening the university-government-productive sector linkage and increasing its impact on sustainable economic and social development were projected. In general, the lines of research for the period 2016-2020 were worked, the lines of 2021-2025 are restructured and progress is shown in the indicators due to the management carried out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sorghi Theobald, 1904 (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is the most important pest of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (Poaceae), in Mexico. Control of M. sorghi depends primarily on synthetic chemical insecticides, but new alternatives have been explored, such as botanical insecticides. The objective of this research was to evaluate the aphidicide effect of the extract of nhexane and methanol from stems of Ceiba aesculifolia (Malvaceae) against apterous adults in M. sorghi in vitro. The results revealed that n-hexane extract of C. aesculifolia killed 78% and methanol extract 48% at 10,000 ppm in 72 hours. The positive check (imidacloprid) eliminated 100% of the aphids in 24 hours and the negative check (Tween 20) 4% in 72 hours. The Gas-Mass study of n-hexane extract of C. aesculifolia identified 12 chemical compounds, nonacosane being most (25.1%). The classical phytochemical tests of the methanol extract of C. aesculifolia were positive for alkaloids, tannins, saponins, anthracenes, triterpenes, and steroids. The extracts of C. aesculifolia had significant aphidicide effects and could be considered an alternative for controlling M. sorghi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diversity measures enable us to understand the extent to which communities have been affected by human disturbance. Various groups of insects have been used as ecological bioindicators of these environmental disturbances, but few include both social and solitary insects. Therefore, in the variation in present study, the diversity of wasps belonging to the Vespidae family was measured, distributed in three types of forests with different degrees of historical disturbance at the Manu Learning Center (MLC) biological station, was measured. The aim was to demonstrate how the Vespid communities are affected by disturbance gradients. MLC has three types of forest: partially cleared in regeneration forest (PCR), selectively logged in regeneration forest (SLR) and completely cleared in regeneration forest (CCR). We employed yellow pan traps, pitfall traps, and Malaise traps at nine stations, with three stations allocated to each type of forest. Rank-abundance curves, correspondence analysis (CA), Bray-Curtis beta diversity partitioning, nonmetric multidimensional analysis (NMDS), and similarity analysis (ANOSIM) were performed. In total, 841 individuals of 24 species were collected. The most abundant species was Angiopolybia paraensis (Spinosa 1851). Community structure and composition change according to the disturbance levels, with a balanced variation of Bray-Curtis of 85.65%. The most diverse forest is the most conserved (SLR). Five species were recorded exclusively in SLR and three in PCR. We concluded that vespids are good indicators of environmental quality since their populations present marked preferences and changes in their composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Faced with the increase in violence against child populations, 6 out of 10 girls and boys suffer physical, psychological or sexual violence (State Attorney General’s Office, 2023), this study bases a model understood as a prototype that serves as a reference and example for promote preventive processes that ensure the care of children, through educommunication. Educommunication constitutes a space built by people for people, founded on dialogue, meaning, expression and effective participation, which articulate theory and practice, for educational and communicative interaction, as complementary processes in the development of learning through pedagogical resources, close and culturally appropriate, that promote a critical sense (Zecheto, 2011; Begnini, Arteaga and Arroyo, 2022). Understood in this way, educommunication allows these child populations to exercise their citizenship, beyond that associated exclusively with the exercise of their civil and political rights. A citizenship built on rights as people, which exempts them from inequality, exclusion and violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work exposes the experiences in the modeling with CFD (Computational Fluids Dynamics) techniques of pipes, such as penstocks, which have an online accessory inserted. In it, the criteria are exposed, regarding the lengths that must be taken into consideration and how to achieve it, when facing a computational design of these characteristics. This allows minimizing the number of nodes and elements of the mesh that decisively influence the weight of the model and the calculation time used in each simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En el presente texto, buscamos explicar, desde la sociología y la etnografía, algunas de las prácticas que conforman la hospitalidad que entendemos como la aceptación del otro, con todas sus diferencias, sin la intención de querer cambiar o modificar su identidad. Partimos contextualizando, de manera breve, el papel que ha tenido la sociedad civil en México respecto al tema migratorio, los retos y los riesgos que enfrenta, para después profundizar en la labor que realiza este grupo de ayuda humanitaria en su día a día, y con ello comprender por qué alojarlos, darles de comer y escucharlos puede ser entendido como una práctica hospitalaria que parte de lo social y se materializa en lo social. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes adapting an online cognitive behavioral treatment for depression in a seven-year-old girl. It highlights the challenges of adapting an evidence-based intervention tested in clinical practice in a face-to-face setting for implementation via the Internet. The study presents a case illustrating the practical and technical aspects of implementing the intervention and demonstrates the feasibility of achieving successful outcomes by providing care via the Internet. Treatment was evaluated and implemented at the onset of social isolation due to the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic. The program helped to reduce depressive symptomatology, as well as its comorbidities (anxiety, attention deficit, and behavioral problems), in addition to improving two of three treatment goals. However, firm conclusions about treatment efficacy cannot be drawn until more rigorous methodological designs are available. The study identifies directions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this bibliographic review type article is to identify and analyze the most effective teaching and learning strategies for teaching basic electronics to neo-university students. Databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, among others. The main results of this bibliographical review indicate that the use of active teaching strategies, such as project-based learning, problem solving, experimentation and the use of ICT, are effective for teaching basic electronics. It was also found that the use of educational technologies, such as games and simulation software, can be a useful tool to improve the learning of this subject. In conclusion, the teaching of basic electronics can benefit from active teaching methodologies that involve students in their own learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to estimate and analyze the value-added chains embedded in the bilateral-sectoral trade of intermediate and final goods included in the transactions: Texas-Mexico (TX-MX) and California-Mexico (CA-MX). For this purpose, the global interregional input-output matrices for TX-MX and CA-MX were constructed for 2013. The bilateral-sectoral trade balance shows that Texas (TX) and California (CA) specialize in exports of intermediate goods. In contrast, Mexico (MX) specializes in final goods, resulting in low export multipliers for the latter. MX maintains high dependence on intermediate goods from TX, CA, and third places, resulting in lower foreign exchange earnings per dollar exported. Finally, TX-MX has an energy-technology trade pattern, while CA-MX has a technology-energy trade pattern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The members of society that mental illnesses of disorders have been implicitly or explicitly excluded from the political community, i.e., its citizen status has been denied. Determining which mental illnesses limit or completely disenable them is the goal of the present paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The European pepper moth, Duponchelia fovealis Zeller (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is an invasive and polyphagous species that has spread to several countries around the world. Currently there is little information in Mexico on this species. This paper describes and illustrates the characteristics of adults and pupae of both sexes, the male genitalia, and the damage caused by larvae in strawberry plantations. Adults possess several distinctive features that make them recognizable from other pest Lepidoptera, such as the transverse distal line on the forewings, which forms a finger-like figure. The abdomen of females is wide, contrary to males which is thin, tubular and elongated beyond the wings. The sexual differences in pupae are observed in the genital slits located in the 9th abdominal segment. The male slit presents a lobe on each side, while the female lacks these structures. The larvae feed on the roots, stems and fruits of strawberry plants, also allowing the entry of opportunistic pathogens. This information is useful to initiate research that requires live sexed insects, to support species identification and improve monitoring methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the research work was to determine the level of scientific attitude towards laboratory work among secondary education students in the Arapa district, Puno region during the 2021 academic year. The methodology used is the quantitative approach, descriptive in nature, and with a diagnostic research design. The population consisted of 527 students from five educational institutions in the Arapa district, and a sample of 382 students was selected using probabilistic sampling for finite populations, with a 95% confidence level and a 5% margin of error, respectively. Data collection was carried out through surveys and questionnaires as data collection instruments based on the Likert scale, according to the variable and its dimensions. The most important conclusion reached is that secondary education students in the Arapa district of the Puno region have good scientific attitudes towards laboratory work, as evidenced by the data collection, where 37% fall on the scale of almost always efficient. This means that they are proficient in seeking solutions to problematic situations, possess scientific curiosity, seek information about current events, and make appropriate decisions. They demonstrate critical thinking by determining causes and effects in problematic situations, as well as seeking creative solutions from different perspectives, with an objective capacity to find logical solutions and taking the necessary time to analyze scenarios in pursuit of expected results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Central Cord Syndrome is the most common incomplete spinal cord injury, and it represents 9% of all spinal injuries of the adult. Objective: to determine the risk factors associated with lethality or/and mechanical ventilation (MV) in patients with Central Cord Syndrome (CCS). Material and Methods: upon a retrospective cohort with patients with posttraumatic CCS we evaluated at the time of emergency admission and until the hospital discharge. The dependent variable was dead or MV. We calculated incidence, relative risk (RR) with CI95% and a multivariate model for the association of statistically significant variables by means of a risk coefficient model upon the variables that evidenciated tendencies towards risk. Results: From 101 patients with CCS, 85.1% with a severe medullary canal stenosis and 9.9% required MV; the mortality was 13.9%. The only risk factor associated with dead was the use of MV with an RR of 3.6 (CI95% 1.4-9.5); the risk with tendencies towards MV was being older than 60 RR 5.4 (CI95% 0.6-44.2). Conclusions: MV is a risk factor associated with mortality, other factors evidenciated tendencies towards mortality; being older than 60, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, narrow spinal canal, more than 20 days of hospital stay and being intervened farther than 10 days from the accident. The incidence of mortality in our sample is greater than thus reported previously on other international articles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The theoretical foundation of human rights is analyzed from the interpretive plane of J. Searle's social ontology, since, by avoiding the illusion of transcendence of the discussion between morality and politics, it allows concentrating on the aspects that make rights possible and effective. For this, the most important features of social ontology and its contribution to the understanding of human rights are presented, especially when reconciling the moral aspects of ontological subjectivism in dialogue with the objective epistemology of political science. Distance is taken from J. Searle's considerations about positive rights, proposing that these can be assumed as aspirations or ethical demands with mandatory implications for supranational institutions. It is concluded that human rights have an instituted and instituting character, due to the fact that they are institutional facts created by performative speech acts, which is why the discussions related to their foundation can focus on expanding reasoned pluralism, which enriches the debate and the practical reasons that make them possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research work is based on the need to create new alternatives for the economic reactivation of the agricultural sector in the department of Nariño, since the COVID 19 pandemic generated great economic and product losses. The objective is to implement GMP and ICT strategies to strengthen the commercialization of products in the municipalities of Pasto, Ipiales and Tumaco; where an analysis was carried out with studies and data collection, of the commercialization dynamics and utility that these generate; concluding that the product is not valued and causes great losses to the farmers. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the producer through training in GMP and ICT tools to give added value to their products, as well as implementing Packing House in these municipalities, where post-harvest handling processes will be carried out on the products, which will be marketed through the AgroTIC virtual platform, improving sales and distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food processing is modifying, transforming, and manufacturing a raw material to generate various by-products demanded by consumers. The review presented has the purpose of analyzing the main development trends in the food industry, considering the challenges of the recent pandemic and the phenomenon of globalization. In this context, the dimensions in which significant development is evident are highlighted based on the documentary research carried out in the central governing bodies worldwide in the area and the Science Direct, Scielo, Dialnet, and Elsevier databases. It is concluded that there is relevance in the approach towards an environmental ethic through the intelligent technological development of this productive sector, the exploitation of new by-products, the preservation of high-quality nutrients, the high-quality of new packaging and use of waste, and contemporary marketing practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal abnormality, it is associated with a wide variety of con-genital heart defects, being considered as clinical elements of high infant morbidity and mortality. Objective: To describe the clinical outcomes of patients with Down syndrome undergoing surgery and interventionism as treatment for congenital heart disease at this Institution. Material and methods: 368 patients with Down syndrome and associated congenital heart disease were diagnosed. The variables studied were weight, stature, sex, age, type of heart disease, corrective procedure, length of stay in the hospital and intensive care unit, morbidity and mortality. Results: 368 pediatric patients underwent surgical or interventional correction. Of which 197 (54%) were female, the median age was 24 months (interquartile range [IQR]: 14-48) in the surgical group and 36 months (IQR: 17-85) in the interventional group. The most frequent congenital heart diseases were: PCA (31%), IVC (28%), CAV (20%), ASD (16%) and tetralogy of Fallot with 4% respectively. Hospital stay was 9 days (IQR: 7-15) in the surgical group and 3 days (IQR: 2-5) in the hemodynamic group. Morbidities were postoperative infection in 30 patients (14%) and complete atrioventricular block in 19 patients (9%). Overall mortality in-cluding both surgical and interventional was 2%. Conclusions: The therapeutic, surgical and interventional results in children with Down syndrome and congenital heart disease have improved very satisfactorily. The lower prevalence of the atrioventricular canal in the Mexican population is noteworthy. It is essential to carry out a cardiological evaluation of chil-dren with Down syndrome and those with congenital heart disease to correct them in a timely manner to promote survival and quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is frequent in sepsis (25 to 51%), with high mortality (40 to 80%) and long-term complications. Despite its importance we do not have accessible markers in intensive care. In other entities (post-surgical and COVID-19) the neutrophil/lymphocyte and platelet (N/LP) ratio has been associated with acute kidney injury; however, this relationship has not been studied in a pathology with a severe inflammatory response such as sepsis. Objective: To demonstrate the association between N/LP with AKI secondary to sepsis in intensive care. Material and methods: Ambispective cohort study in patients over 18 years who were admitted to intensive care with a diagnosis of sepsis. The N/LP ratio was calculated from admission up to the seventh day and up to the diagnosis of AKI and outcome. Statistical analysis was performed with chi squared test, Cramer's V and multivariate logistic regression. Results: Out of the 239 patients studied, the incidence of AKI developed in 70%. 80.9% of patients with N/LP ratio > 3 had AKI (p < 0.0001, Cramer's V 0.458, OR 3.05, 95% CI 1.602-5.8) and increased renal replacement therapy (21.1 vs. 11.1%, p = 0.043). Conclusion: N/LP ratio > 3 has a moderate association with AKI secondary to sepsis in the intensive care unit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) is analyzed which, according to the theory of economic integration, emphasizes the economic and trade benefits of the trade partnership between countries, particularly in gross domestic product and employment. From the comparative method, we contrast the RCEP with the T-MEC, the European Union and the TIPAT through the analysis of the main goods that the member countries of each trade agreement with each other, as well as with countries outside said agreements. We review the importance of each of the countries that make up the RCEP in terms of their products and trade partners. We hypothesize that the RCEP may become the main trade agreement in Asia-Pacific, thanks to China's economic-trade dynamism. We conclude that the RCEP will be, in the medium term, the new center of gravity of global trade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The approach to gender violence at school has been assumed from management guidelines, the role of the teacher, changes in student attitudes, among other approaches. However, it is not known how modern technologies have been applied for early detection directly by students. The objective of this work is to carry out a systematic review that allows to theoretically base issues related to the use of technological tools in a surveillance network, to prevent gender violence from educational methods. Under the protection of considering only the works that are related to the topic of the STEAM approach in education, the fact that the publications consulted respond to the last five years stands out. For this, a systematic review was carried out, with the PRISMA method, in impact scientific databases such as SciELO, Scopus and EBSCO. Once the analysis was carried out, it was concluded that the studies of this methodology help the development of learning methods, which with the use of technologies promote early detection of bullying and gender violence at school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To carry out a reliability and construct analysis of the FANTASTIC MEX-A instrument through Cronbach's alpha (a) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) in two Mexican institutions located in the state of Guerrero: a general headquarters and a private university, such as a pilot study to determine the feasibility of performing it on a large scale in Mexican adults. Design: Quantitative, cross-sectional, non-experimental, descriptive. Simple random sampling. Data collection from February 2021 to November 2022. Variables: Lifestyle level (dependent); occupation, gender, education, marital status, type of family, age and body mass index (attributive). Results: N=493, n=242, 49% participation (NC=95%, CI=4.5%), the sample consisted of 204 military personnel and 38 university teachers/administrators. Cronbach's alpha=0.869 (good), using the two-half method, a=0.76 was obtained for odd items and a=0.762 for even items, rho correlation between halves of 0.903 (strong correlation). Mean score obtained of 134.8 ± 17.7 points, equivalent to 72.5%. Nine factors with theoretical association were found, that explain 42.64% of the accumulated variance in the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), 1: The protection of mental health and physical integrity, 2: Distress, 3: Affective interpersonal relationships, 4: The consumption of alcohol and substances of abuse, 5: Physical activity and associativity, 6: Tobacco consumption, 7: Sleep and diet, 8: Health control and 9: Physical appearance. Conclusions: Through the Cronbach's Alpha statistic by the two-half method, it was concluded that the FANTASTIC MEX-A instrument is consistent for the sample studied. The AFE determined construct validity for nine factors with theoretical association. Limitations: The study was conducted in the state of Guerrero, México, the validation of the instrument in Mexican adults requires a representative sample that considers subjects from various regions of the country. Originality: There are no publications that standardize the available versions of the instrument in Spanish. A unique version is provided that involved the revision and reconstruction of each item with supporting illustrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite linguistic diversity being a unique and enriching characteristic of Peru, the situation of native languages and dialectal varieties remains in a state of neglect within the country. Thus, this study aims to identify patterns and trends in the search for information on indigenous, foreign, and dialectal languages in Peru, in order to contribute to the understanding of the perception and appreciation of linguistic diversity in Peruvian society. To this end, a mixed-methods and non-experimental phenomenological design is employed, using Google Trends to analyze and compare search volumes longitudinally. Results reveal that interest in linguistic diversity in Peru varies by region and language, with Quechua being the most searched indigenous language. Additionally, bilingual education is the most popular concept, followed by linguistic discrimination. However, attraction to languages through search queries does not necessarily correspond with an interest in learning them. Therefore, further research is recommended to explore underlying motivations for language interest, as well as possible correlations with socio-economic contexts and international events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the research is to evaluate and determine the magnitude of the socio-economic impact of artisan charcoal production on the quality of life of the population involved in the Manantay district of the Coronel Portillo province, Ucayali Region. The charcoal production has been a source of income since the wood boom, and this activity is practiced by small entrepreneurs, who were marginalized by pollution in urban areas of the Manantay District, hence, they choose to produce artisanal charcoal which is subject of the present study, for which it was carried out to estimate the trend of the productivity of artisanal charcoal in the district of Manantay, also, to determine the level of quality of life of the population involved in the production of artisanal charcoal and to determine the socio-economic impact of the artisanal production of charcoal in the district. We use a random sample consisting in 45 producers of charcoal, which responded a query based on a Likert scale. The results were represented in contingency tables and were processed with the support of the coefficient of Chi Square of Pearson. From the results obtained it is concluded that there is a socio-economic impact of the production of artisanal charcoal on the quality of life of the population involved in the Manantay district. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intergovernmental conflicts, in Latin America's centralism and the recentralization in Peru, have been more acute over the last 30 years, producing sociopolitical, economic, and cultural problems at subnational levels. Based on the design of the grounded theory of Glasser and Strauss, this sociopolitical phenomenon is analyzed from the perspective of local governments in the Puno region to account for the emerging categories and subcategories of analysis regarding the dynamics of intergovernmental relations (IGR) in the local public policy process. The main argument is that, as a result of centralism, recentralization, and intergovernmental conflicts, territorial inequality reproduces and reinforces at the local level. These are expressed in a dichotomy between the deficit territorial dynamics (backward areas) and entrepreneurial territorial dynamics (growth areas). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is a Gram-positive bacillus that infects animals such as pigs, sheep, cattle, fish, and crustaceans. This microorganism's reports of infection have recently increased in fishers, handlers of fish products, and people who clean ponds. This bacterium remains in the slime and scales of the fish, without harming them. However, it has been shown to cause septicemia in eels and ornamental fish. This research aimed to detect the presence of E. rhusiopathiae in scales of various species of freshwater and saltwater fish. 390 samples of the red snapper, salmon, mojarra, lisa, and corvina species from different states of the Mexican Republic were collected. The bacterium isolation was carried out in a modified packer medium and agar blood, and its identification was performed in the API Coryne system. A second identification was performed by amplifying of the rRNA 16s genes and the spa A gene by multiplex PCR assay. The results obtained by the API Coryne system showed 15% identification for E. rhusiopathiae, while only 10% were positive by the multiplex PCR technique. The most notable detection of this bacterium was found in mojarras. The presence of E. rhusiopathiae in the scales of these fish represents a potential risk for fish handlers, such as in the formulation of balanced feed for the development of aquaculture, poultry, and pig farming activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]