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Every enterprise seeks to determine as accurately as possible the cost of the products or services it produces. The allocation of indirect costs causes considerable difficulties in this process. In the search for the most accurate alternatives for allocating indirect costs, the Activity Based Costing (ABC) method has become more popular in recent decades and is increasingly used by companies. The ABC method has many advantages, but it also has disadvantages, which have led to further development of the method by proposing newer versions. These include Fuzzy Activity Based Costing (FABC), which reduces the risk of uncertainty in data collection conditions and inaccurate cost allocation. However, while the literature provides a theoretical model of the FABC approach, there is very little research focused on sector-specific companies. Given that the issue of indirect cost allocation is particularly relevant for manufacturing companies, this paper explores the possibilities of applying the FABC method in manufacturing companies, using the example of a paper and cardboard manufacturing company. The aim of the research: after revealing the principles of ABC and FABC implementation, to improve the indirect cost allocation process in a paper and cardboard manufacturing company using the FABC method. The methods used for the study were document analysis, observation, conversation, interview, and fuzzy set analysis. The results showed that the FABC method has lower cost drivers for some activities and higher cost drivers for others than the ABC method. The improvement path developed for the allocation of indirect costs using the FABC approach could serve as a good model for its implementation in other manufacturing sectors.

In the context of the growing global concern for sustainable economic growth, the importance of managing limited natural resources and minimizing the impact on the environment is becoming increasingly evident. In this direction, joint efforts must focus on developing an economy that meets the needs of the present without jeopardizing the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. To achieve this goal, eco-innovation becomes essential, by promoting the development and implementation of innovative technologies aimed at supporting resource efficiency and reducing the negative impact on the environment. In this context, the paper aims to analyze the role of eco-innovation in resource efficiency, where the author presents and explains the interdependence between the 2 concepts in the context of sustainable economic growth. At the same time, the paper aims to analyze the activities undertaken by companies from the Republic of Moldova in terms of resource efficiency and the impact of climate change on strategies. The methodology is based on the survey method, methods of analysis and synthesis of data interpretation and relevant comparisons. The research results illustrate different ways in which companies are adapting to changes in their environment, including climate change, and various efforts to improve resource efficiency, which remain very modest. This underlines the importance of developing and implementing resource optimization strategies within companies, through eco-innovations, while monitoring the impact of these strategies, which is a way to respond to permanent challenges in the business environment and to contribute to strengthening a more sustainable economy.

As a technological powerhouse, Asia should not be overlooked. The region has been responsible for 87% of patent filings, 43% of startup investment, 51% of expenditures on research and development, and 52% of the global growth in tech company revenues during the past ten years. Within this framework, the current paper investigates the impact of fiscal policy and FDI on research and development in East Asian countries during the last 20 years. It further analyses the direction and shocks of these impacts. The methodological framework included theories of public policy and R&D management, the concept of absorptive capacity, etc. The database includes fiscal policy, FDI, domestic credit, and R&D data for 2000–2020. As a result, the paper adopted Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Granger causality tests to capture the short-run and long-run dynamic relationship among the variables. Next, we utilized Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS) and Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (DOLS) models to capture the cointegration between fiscal policy, FDI, domestic credit, and R&D. In light of this, the research revealed that the region’s fiscal policy and FDI outflows had a negative impact on the spending on R&D. Conversely, the results showed that FDI inflows and domestic loans provided to the private sector had a large favourable influence on research and development. It is also crucial to emphasize that the ARDL model produced results that were equivalent to the FMOLS and DOLS. Lastly, the Granger causality demonstrated a one-way causal relationship between fiscal policy and research and development. The study will help policymakers on how to promote R&D and enhance a country’s competitiveness in the global economy by paying enough attention to their fiscal policy. It will also assist policymakers to develop strategies to attract FDI that can benefit their R&D sector.

We attempt to answer the question that has persisted since the introduction of partial restrictions on access to international reference databases (IRDs) for Russian researchers: is it still reasonable for national scientific journals to strive to be indexed in these databases or does it make sense for them to tread their development path at the national level? The study tests the hypothesis that indexation of Russian academic journals in the Web of Science and Scopus databases affects their scientometric indicators. Scientometric management and data management approaches constitute the theoretical framework of the paper. The key research method is scientometric analysis of bibliographic data. An extensive list of journals’ scientometric indicators was addressed, including those used when compiling the Science Index ranking until 20232. The research data were retrieved from the scientific electronic library eLibrary and Scopus and the Web of Science databases. The sample of the study is comprised of Russian academic journals indexed in the IRDs and classified in the State Classifier of Scientific and Technical Information (GRNTI) as the socio-humanitarian block. The analysis of the sample indicates that the effect expected from journals’ indexation in the IRDs, which suggests expanding the international pool of authors and a growing global interest, is overestimated, since it is largely ensured by an increase in the national academic audience. We substantiate that, despite the positive correlation between the rise in scientometric indicators and journals’ indexation in the IRDs, the mere fact of entering these databases is not the primary condition for success and the ultimate goal of development. The paper formulates recommendations stating that interaction between journals and the IRDs should be organized in accordance with editors’ goals and plans for the development of periodicals.

This article examines the concept of integrated sustainability management and its relationship with corporate social responsibility (CSR) and environmental, social and corporate governance (ESG). Although CSR is a normative concept that requires companies to be responsible for their participation in society from an ethical perspective, ESG helps measure and quantify these efforts, primarily through investment criteria. The paper identifies that sustainability reporting (SDR) can bring financial, reputational, risk management and strategic benefits to companies, and more companies recognize the importance of sustainability reporting and making it a priority in their business practices. This study presented grouped classifications of the benefits of ESG disclosure in corporate reporting. The main problems faced by Ukrainian companies during the implementation of ESG criteria in their activities are highlighted, in particular: limited awareness and lack of understanding of ESG issues, lack of standardized ESG reporting, improper disclosure of ESG information, weak compliance with existing regulations, insufficient coverage of ESG issues in mass media information, etc. This article also suggests some measures that should be taken to solve the mentioned problems. The paper highlights the relationship between sustainability and financial performance, a widely debated topic. Some argue that implementing sustainability practices can have a positive impact on a company's financial performance in the long term, while others argue that sustainability practices can have a negative short-term impact on financial performance. In addition, the analysis of major meta-reviews that analyze and summarize research findings on the relationship between ESG reporting and financial performance is highlighted. These meta-reviews show that there is indeed a positive relationship between these metrics, although the strength of the relationship may vary depending on a number of factors, including industry, geographic location, and company size.

The paper aims to assess changes in the public perceptions of European Union values in Ukraine in the conditions of external aggression. It explores how conflict escalation affects the public views in different groups, and changes attitudes and beliefs regarding adopting European Union values in society. The paper analyses the concepts of value and demonstrates the devaluation of cultural and social values in some population groups. The methodology applies a survey based on online interviews and descriptive statistics methods. The Schwartz methodology in the World Values Survey 2020 is used to create a survey questionnaire. An online survey of Ukrainians’ worldviews of European Union values perceptions was conducted for Ukrainian citizens in all regions except for the territories, occupied in 2022. The survey results highlight the trend of commitment of a major part of Ukrainian citizens to European Union values. The research demonstrates the inconsistencies in the importance and satisfaction of social values and stereotypes, compliance with the law, personal freedom and human rights, level of economic freedom, and commitment to European integration. These contradictions will be resolved through the development of favorable conditions and of beliefs and convictions of people that support the adoption and dissemination of European values.

High-tech startups face a number of insurmountable problems that prevent them from turning innovative ideas into new products. The article investigates the managerial aspects of implementation and commercialization of high-tech startups in Russia using the case of an automated computer vision analytical system for industrial poultry farming. Entrepreneurship theory and the concept of strategic management constitute the theoretical basis of the study. Among the research methods used in the paper are the POCD framework in combination with SWOT analysis involved in the formation of startup management strategies, as well as Sandelovsky and Barroso’s Meta-Synthesis method applied to identify factors that determine the successful implementation of a startup. The empirical evidence of the work was a bank of video data collected at the VNITIP Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences and covering the full life cycle of broiler chickens. The paper established three main sources of funding for high-tech start-ups to introduce machine vision systems in the poultry industry: the state, industrial corporations, and venture capital. At that, none of the enterprises, including the global leaders, has yet reached the IPO stage. We identify two central lines to launch and commercialize a Russian start-up in poultry farming, these are association with developers of integrated digital solutions and/or integration with poultry meat producers. Recommendations are formulated regarding the implementation of a high-tech start-up: to form a public-private partnership, actively interact with research centers and universities, cooperate with business angels, expand the entrepreneurial competencies of startupers, and clarify the business model of the project. The mass introduction of machine vision technology in the poultry industry is possible due to the acceleration of technological progress and the elimination of the main obstacle, i.e., the high cost of components for machine vision systems.

Purpose: The study analyzes the evolution of Business Model Innovation (BMI) in the IT sector, which is mentioned in many available scientific publications. The major output of this paper is concrete customer requirements that invite business model innovations to managed IT services and challenges to establish corresponding business model innovations. Design/Method/Approach: The study identified more than 200 journal articles and conference articles with BMI and IT service providers, and it conducted a mapping review of current research to identify relevant academic theories, implementation strategies, and BMI in the managed IT service sector while highlighting gaps in empirical research. Findings: Most applied are BMI and the framework of dynamic capabilities in business models of IT services. Early movers, who develop a comprehensive platform strategy, can achieve an invulnerable moat and establish a leading market position. Practical Implications: The insights of this study could be applied by large companies, small- and medium-sized companies and start-ups, researchers, etc. They can use the insights to innovate their current business models and improve tailored client solutions. Originality/Value: The study concludes that business model innovations and IT service providers develop areas for future success. Research Limitations/Future Research: The design of the study is based on a systematic literature review and limited to the areas of BMI research in the IT service sector. For further research projects, individual articles can be chosen to perform in-depth analysis. Our trend analysis shows the focus on main technologies. However, this can be compared with the technologies mentioned in the Gartner Hype Cycle. Further research could be conducted to overcome limitations and cover the uncertain content of this research. Paper Type: Conceptual.

With economic and social progress, the focus of regional unbalanced development has evolved. In the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics, people’s aspirations for a better life are no longer limited to material and cultural necessities; the notion of a better life has become increasingly diversified, transcending individual or family micro-level welfare to embrace a comprehensive perspective of societal development. Focusing on the ethnic regions of Southwest China, this paper examines the fundamental characteristics of their coordinated economic and social development and offers relevant policy recommendations that provide a theoretical framework for scholars studying balanced regional economic growth. This study describes the characteristics of balanced economic and social development in Southwest China’s ethnic regions in four dimensions: sustainable economic growth, social stability, ecological civilization construction, and people-centered development ideology. Through comparative analysis, it presents a synthesis of domestic and international research, and summarizes the theoretical foundations and practical experiences essential for the future development of Southwest China’s ethnic regions. This paper examines four key elements for the development of ethnic regions in Southwest China. First, it emphasizes high-quality economic growth, which increases total factor productivity through supply-side structural reform and promotes the establishment of a modern industrial system. Second, social stability, a crucial component in realizing a better life, requires strengthening social justice and strengthening the social security system while maintaining national unity. Third, the paper stresses the importance of building an ecological civilization and advocates green technology, green industry and green consumption to achieve sustainable development. Finally, a people-centered development ideology safeguards livelihoods and focuses on education, income distribution, employment, and other areas. This paper explores the basic characteristics of coordinated economic and social progress in Southwest China’s ethnic regions, and provides a theoretical framework for scholars to explore balanced regional economic development.

Introduction. This paper studies the role of the monetary policy in the economy of the state, as one of the main instruments to support it’s financial potential, both at the period of military conflict as well as in the period of recovery after it. Methodological bases are general and special methods of scientific research, including synthesis, analysis, modeling, comparison, etc. The main information sources were the resources of World Bank Open Data, the data of National Bank of Ukraine and state statistics service of Ukraine. Purpose. The main purpose of this paper is to study and analyse macroeconomic methods and instruments, which were used by different countries in the post-conflict recovery period and theoretical implementation of using these instruments in Ukrainian reality. Results: The strategy of synchronizing the actions of the central bank and the government must be adjusted according to the peculiarities of post-conflict economic recovery of each country separately. The studies of macroeconomic indicators of countries, that successfully overcame the consequences of military actions show the main role of the central bank in stimulating economic growth of the country. Conclusions: To further solve the problem of post-conflict recovery of state's economy, the perspective direction would be to build effective strategies of cooperation for the institutes, that perform monetary and fiscal policies, that would have a direct impact on the effectiveness of economic growth and the development of national security of the country.

. The absence or low level of trust in regional authorities hinder the development of the country’s economy. Building trust is a long-term objective and largely depends on the region’s educational environment, especially the university one, which should nurture human resources. The study aims to establish the level of trust in the institutions of higher education, healthcare and regional authorities in the educational environment of Chelyabinsk oblast (Russia). The theory of spatial development, cultural and institutional theories of trust constitute the theoretical framework of the study. The methods of ranging and grouping, as well as correlation analysis were applied. Empirical evidence is obtained through the survey of 382 respondents working in the field of higher education in Chelyabinsk oblast. In the paper, we determine the level of their trust in the institutions of education, healthcare, regional and municipal authorities. Among students, lecturers and other university employees, the highest and the lowest levels of trust were recorded in educational institutions and regional and municipal authorities, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed the relationship between trust and possible factors in its formation within each institution under study. It was found that this relationship was not universal either in the context of respondents’ categories or trust forms. The paper provides recommendations for regional and municipal authorities focused on increasing the confidence in their activities and, as a result, enhancing their effectiveness.

In this paper, earnings management is analyzed in the light of stakeholder theory in order to evaluate earnings management ethics. The main reasons for using earnings management are studied and systematically arranged in the context of stakeholder theory. An assumption is made that together with other motives mentioned in the literature, perceived role of ethics and social responsibility may not only influence ethical evaluation of earnings management, but also impact use of earnings management in accounting practice. The results of a study on impact of perceived roles of ethics and social responsibility on ethical evaluation of earnings management, carried out among accountants providing professional services in Lithuania, are presented in this paper. The ethical evaluation of earnings management has been found to depend on its type. Accrual-based earnings management is seen as more unethical than real earnings management. It also reveals that accountants' belief that business ethics and social responsibility are less important is a motivation for the use of manipulative accounting.

Purpose: Values and emotions conveyed via stories may show the contrasts and similarities between people's life experiences. Personal experiences must be shared to be understood, which may aid in forming connections and support networks. Design/Method/Approach (only for empirical papers): This study used a secondary research strategy. Findings: Throughout this study, the author makes the case that narrative is critical to effective organisational management and leadership. However, meaningful and creative in developing qualitative research in management, the growth of story methods has resulted in a lack of consistency in the field. Practical implications: Although the literature acknowledges the significant emotional and psychological advantages associated with using storytelling in studies, there has been no evidence of a link between improving human adaptability and using storytelling in research. Throughout this study, the author makes the case that narrative is critical to effective organisational management and leadership. Although essential and creative in developing qualitative management research, the growth of storey methods has resulted in a lack of consistency in the field. Originality/Value: This paper addresses the application of storytelling to organisation management and how storytelling is used as a tool for qualitative research. Research limitations: The research was primarily focused on secondary research and, therefore, could be limited to previous research findings.

Purpose: This research work attempts to review the effect of determinants like perceived uniqueness and perceived healthiness as well as attitude amongst the consumers on their purchase intention of organic food, which subsequently results in the actual purchase. Design/Method/Approach (only for empirical papers): Quantitative approaches and explanatory research are used in this study. This research data was collected by means of a questionnaire distributed across a sample of consumers living in Indonesia. Online survey was used and conducted in November 2022 in Indonesia to measure this research. The sample, which was collected through online survey using Google Form, consisted 780 participants and was representative of gender, age, and region. Actually 800 participants were contacted to participate in the survey, but only 780 participants responded to the online survey. Findings: The first objective of this study was to test the ability of the extended VAB model to explain the consumption of organic food products by Indonesian consumers. The results show a good fit of the data. The third hypothesis has been confirmed, because attitudes are closely related to organic food consumption. Organic food products were considered and perceived as something that unique and natural; therefore, they created a favorable attitude on the part of the respondents. Theoretical Implications: The study contributes to the existence literature on organic food products especially about variables used in this study. In addition, in this study, consumers' perception of organic food products as unique, natural, healthy and sustainable was positively related to their overall attitudes. Practical Implications: Given the high production costs and limited quantities of organic food products, marketers should present and promote (through packaging and stories) organic food products as have a unique quality and should emphasize their natural character. Originality/Value: This paper providing a comprehensive overview and linking the literature on organic food consumption to the Values Theory and the Theory of Planned Behaviour, including the role of perceived uniqueness and healthiness. The proposed integration of perceived uniqueness and healthiness in an organic food consumption model leads to interesting hypotheses and recommendations for policy makers, researchers and stakeholders involved in the organic food market. Research Limitations/Future Research: this study provides a good indication regarding consumers’ attitudes, perceived naturalness, and perceived uniqueness of seaweed food products. However, as only 55% of the respondents had consumed seaweed food products, the attitude and beliefs of 45% of the respondents were not based on actual experience, but on expectations and beliefs. We believe consumers’ attitudes and beliefs may differ after trying seaweed. Therefore, it would be interesting to study eventual variations in attitudes and beliefs before and after trying organic food products. JEL Сlassіfіcatіon: D11, m31, Q13

Purpose: This study aims to determine the current state of research on partner management in the context of IIoT platforms that rely on partnerships to act as innovation engines. Design/Method/Approach (only for empirical papers): The applied research method is a systematic literature analysis supported by a concept-centric synthesis. The sample of relevant literature comprises thirty papers. Findings: The results indicate that only a few frameworks exist to improve and professionalize partner management in the practice and only a few papers focus on IIoT platform ecosystems. In contrast, there are some articles that empirically examine individual determinants of partner management in detail. Based on these results, a conceptual framework is derived to organize and distinguish the determinants of partner management from the determinants of partner programs necessary to realize partner management. Theoretical Implications: The study contributes to the research stream on partner management in IIoT platform ecosystems and enterprise software ecosystems, synthesizing the existing research and highlighting the importance of curated support of partners as a competitive lever between platform ecosystems competing in the same domain. Practical Implications: Practitioners can use the derived framework to structure partner management activities and make more informed decisions based on the structured view of decisions summarized in the conceptual framework. Originality/Value: Due to the critical role of complementary partners in innovating upon IIoT platforms the framework is an important foundation for further research on the individual determinants of partner management in the context of digital platforms. Research Limitations/Future Research: The derived conceptual framework was not empirically validated. Empirical follow-up research could refine the framework and develop it into a taxonomy using systematic procedures. Paper type – conceptual. JEL Сlassіfіcatіon: M15

The increasing impact of scientometrics and formal approaches to science management distorts employee motivation, which, in turn, impedes the growth and accumulation of scientific knowledge. The paper aims to gauge public opinion on the paternalistic state activity in the field of science using the results of a sociological survey. The methodological basis includes the principles of paternalism and scientometric management. The study uses the results of the survey of the economic community held by the New Economic Association in 2022. The methods of regression analysis and factor analysis modified for multiway data were applied. Formalization and bureaucratization of science management processes are viewed within the framework of the well-known conflict between the Higher Attestation Commission and the RSCI, which created numerous barriers for researchers who prepared candidate and doctoral dissertations. To assess the attitude of experts to the current situation, it is necessary to obtain a constant sociological cross-section of opinions, if possible. Public monitoring of economic journals and the MW-analysis methodology made it possible to rank journals for the year of 2022. The compiled private and aggregate rankings contain information about the preferences of the economic community and are markedly different from the RSCI scientometric-based indicators. The paper also presents an expert assessment of the proposals for reforming the journal activity, in particular, the proposal of creating material incentives by research periodicals for scientists to prepare high-quality articles.

Numerous publishers view the Open Access (OA) model as one of the ways to strengthen journals’ position. Enhancing the visibility of publications is believed to increase research productivity. The paper explores the impact of OA on scientometric indicators of Russian economic journals. The theoretical basis is comprised of the data management approaches and scientometric management. The methods of scientometrics, bibliometrics and comparative analysis were applied. The paper looks at the main scientometric indicators used in the Science Index ranking: journal impact factor, self-citation rate, authors’ h-index, and the share of downloads. The data for analysis were retrieved from the eLibrary platform. The sample of the study includes open and closed access Russian economic journals from the list of the Higher Attestation Commission (HAC). The results obtained indicate that scientometric indicators of OA journals are higher than those of subscription-based journals, while there are no significant differences between periodicals with paid and free publications. We have found that the OA model does not guarantee an increase in scientometric indicators: most of the titles in the sample are characterised by unstable scientific positions. The research demonstrates the opportunities for using scientometric and bibliometric analyses in the strategic management system of a scientific journal aimed at improving its academic reputation.

The increasing demand for free-range chicken in recent times has encouraged the growth of local chicken farming on the island of Lombok. KUB chicken is a type of free-range chicken that is preferred by farmers to cultivate because of its relatively fast growth. One of the important factors so that the KUB chicken farm business can continue in the long term is the existence of strong social capital. It is unfortunate that information regarding social capital in society is still very limited. This paper will describe how the condition of social capital in KUB chicken farmers and how this social capital affects the sustainability of KUB chicken business in terms of economic, ecological and social dimensions. This paper based on a study conducted in Central Lombok Regency as a center for KUB chicken development during July to September 2021. Data collection was carried out using the snowball sampling method involving 35 respondents. The independent variable observed was social capital consisting of networks, beliefs and norms, while the dependent variable was business sustainability including economic sustainability, ecological sustainability and social sustainability. Data were analyzed descriptively and statistically multiple linear regression. The results of the analysis show that the sustainability of the KUB chicken business is quite good in terms of economic, ecological and social dimensions. On the other hand, it can be seen that the condition of KUB chicken farmers' social capital is still quite limited. This shows that the opportunity to increase the KUB chicken business is still wide open. With the increase in social capital available to KUB chicken farmers, the KUB chicken business will be able to increase much more than the current condition so that it is hoped that the sustainability of the KUB chicken business will be able to take place in the longer term.

Introduction. The article examines the issue of the digital transformation of Ukrainian businesses. Despite the existing developed sector of information technology, domestic companies have a low level of digitalization of their activity. The methodological basis of the study were general and special research methods, including methods of theoretical generalization, analysis, synthesis, comparison and others. The information base of the study was the data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, National Bank of Ukraine, research of international organizations, scientific papers and other open sources. Purpose. The purpose of the article is the identification of trends in the digitalization of financial and economic activities of companies in Ukraine and the development of recommendations for improving the implementation of information technology. Results. The problem of poor access of domestic enterprises to the Internet has been identified. The largest share of companies that have websites was in the field of information technology (57,1% of all companies in the industry in 2021). The volume of sold products (goods, services) received from e-commerce in Ukraine is projected to increase to UAH 736,97 billion in 2023. The tendency to increase the share of enterprises that use cloud computing services (like using software for accounting and finance, file storage, database hosting) has been determined. Conclusions. The paper develops the main ways to improve the digital transformation of Ukrainian business: 1) creation of business site (very critical for industries with a high value of having a website); 2) providing all employees with access to the Internet; 3) improving the functionality of the website (following market trends); 4) assessment of the feasibility of purchasing a cloud computing service depends on business's specific; 5) providing the opportunity for payments by smartphones and other NFC devices when making contactless payments; 6) transition to sending invoices in electronic form purchased for automated processing (depending on the customer base).

The study forms a theoretical-methodological approach in management reduced to institutional adjustments taken as a tool for affecting economic objects in order to ensure their proper functioning. Institutional adjustments refers to targeted changes in regulations carried out by the subject of management in numerous alternative ways. The general focus of institutional adjustments can be limited to ensuring institutional well-being as one of the crucial functions of economic development, which is considered within achieving the greatest efficiency and the least functional disorder of institutions. The paper aims to extend the theoretical level of analysis by including institutional adjustments as a means of management in the set of methods for regulating the economy. The theory of economic policy and institutional theory applicable at the macro and other levels of management constitute the research methodology. The methods of comparative and taxonomic analysis, formal mathematical generalizations and functional analysis were used. The author develops a typology of institutional adjustments and reveals their substance according to the most important parameters of their identification. We also identify the models of functioning of the management object (institution) and describe the relevant modes of institutional adjustments, which links management impulses with the object’s state and its development objectives. Within the “efficiency – dysfunction” coordinates system, the characteristics of institutional adjustments are found. The study concludes that it is necessary to ensure institutional well-being that provides for the greatest efficiency of the institutions operating and the least disruption of their functions. The paper presents a formal condition of solving this task and positions it as an additional criterion in the contemporary theory of economic policy.

Bankruptcy can happen to any company, but it is very difficult to identify intentional bankruptcies that are carried out for personal gain. Currently, there is no precise methodology for identifying intentional bankruptcies, so the process depends on the skills and qualifications of the investigator. The purpose of this research is to provide a method for identifying intentional bankruptcies after examining fraud in the financial statements and their impact on the probability of bankruptcy. The paper identifies the main methods of fraud bankruptcy detection, distinguishing forensic science as the main method for doing so. The paper conducts research, which was modeled on research conducted by other authors to test the effectiveness of bankruptcy prediction methods and the effectiveness of financial indicators in detecting fraud. The research evaluated the trends of the Altman Z'-Score model and the application of binary logistic regression analysis to a sample of intentional and unintentional bankruptcies. The regression analysis provided a model for determining intentional bankruptcies and identified the following indicators: net profit/assets, liabilities/assets, liabilities/equity, and Altman Z'-Score. An independent t-test was also performed to show the differences in the means of financial ratios between intentional and unintentional bankruptcies. The results of the T-test indicated that it is important to calculate and evaluate the following additional indicators: current assets/assets, receivables/income. The results of the research may help to identify the likelihood of intentional corporate bankruptcies and thus facilitate the sophisticated methods used to date.

The paper examines the risk-return ratio of the ESG ETF as a basis for developing an investment strategy that has become necessary due to the shock caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. ESG Investing is taking into account environmental, sociological and governance factors along with financial factors when making investment decisions. ETF Investing means an index fund whose shares are traded on an exchange. Research has shown that almost 75% of respondents around the world integrate ESG and ETF into their investment approach. The ESG segment demonstrates an increase in investment attractiveness mainly due to the assumption of sustainability. Therefore, the hypothesis of stability in the shock period was a prerequisite for our study. One of the methods used was comparative analysis. Different approaches to risk assessment helped to analyze each group along with the expected return. Among the basic concepts of measuring financial risks in the theory of expected utility, the concept of variability, the concept of sensitivity and the concept of losses in adverse situations, the study focuses on identifying variability and assessing losses in adverse situations. The results were evaluated and compared before and after the shock. This paper also studied a pair of indicators characterizing the shock period, namely the depth of shock and the level of recovery to assess the risk-return ratio directly in the shock period. The results showed differences in risk assessments. The main overall consequence is that ESG ETFs are likely to be affected by shocks, but in the post-shock period there is a fairly rapid recovery. Applying risk-return analysis methodologies, we came to the following conclusions: ETFs show an increase in risks, the pandemic did not change catastrophically, which contributed to a rapid recovery. The study has shown that the dynamics of the risk-return ratio for investments with high implementation of the principle of E, S, G is growing. The results obtained can be applied in the practice of forming portfolio investment strategies.

The paper examines the existing methodological recommendations for assessing risk of financial institutions of non-bank financial services market participants. In particular, the focus is on the activities of financial companies, which are the largest non-banking market participants. The purpose of the study is to develop an approach to risk assessment of financial companies. The methodological basis for achieving the goal is a systematic analysis of the existing provisions of the regulator on the criteria for assessing the risk of financial institutions. The paper examines in detail the state of the modern risk assessment system in accordance with the criteria developed by the regulator, identifies key shortcomings of the recommendations and proposes to supplement the existing list of indicators that were taken into account by the previous regulator. An analysis of the legislation on the availability of quantitative indicators for assessing risk of non-banking financial services market participants was carried out, which made it possible to offer an expanded list of criteria for achieving the research goal. The expediency of the proposed system of quantitative indicators for assessing the risks of activity is confirmed by the existing actions of the regulator, which partially coincide with the proposed provisions. The developed recommendations provide an opportunity to improve the risk assessment system both for inspections by supervisors and for financial institutions seeking to strengthen preventive measures for their management.

The paper considers the transport and logistics sector of the Kyrgyz Republic in the light of integration into the EAEU. The development of the markets for road transport services in the EAEU member states differ significantly. The level of development of the road transport industry in Kyrgyzstan is low, the maximum level of development in the union is in Russia. The paper also discusses the restrictions on the road freight market in the EAEU countries.

The paper is aimed at studying different pillars for the development of long-term and short-term strategies in the field of sustainable development and corporate social responsibility. The paper underlines the key differences between the concepts of sustainable development, corporate social responsibility, and ecological, social, and corporate governance. The study aims to highlight the key differences between sustainable behavior and mimicry, i.e. masking the results of companies' activity under the global or local trends in corporate social responsibility. The article focuses on studying key systems for measuring the sustainable development level. Therefore, the results of the world's leading companies have been analyzed according to the main ratings of the sustainable development level. The paper presents the empirical study of the activities of the leading Ukrainian companies in sustainable development, compares their results with those of less successful companies, examines the general situation in Ukraine. Despite the relatively high sustainable development level of the leading players in the Ukrainian market, the companies that had a lower position in the sustainability ranking got lower scores by the key components of evaluating the sustainability level. The research emphasizes the complexity of measuring the sustainable development level of enterprises, and also proposes an integrated system for evaluating the sustainable development level of enterprise, based on a combined list of components used by different analytical companies. The expediency of a more detailed monitoring of the Ukrainian companies’ activity, aiming at detecting and counteracting mimicry, is substantiated. The paper proves the necessity to develop a comprehensive measurement system for determining the sustainable development level, which will provide the most accurate evaluation and recommendations for business development.

Purpose: this paper is to present the activity of an enterprise in the context of a case study by presenting this case study as a research method. Findings: Some of the most important findings are the entrepreneur's personality characteristics, previous experience in the relevant field, the prominent initiative and high level of risk-taking, his open-mindedness, entrepreneur takes care of the creation and preservation of the business reputation under the slogan: Family, work, satisfaction, as an important condition for the establishment of good human relationships. Practical implications (if applicable): The paper reflects the successful path of the entrepreneur in focus, which despite the hardships, he realizes his individual vision and fills the needs they see in society by bringing new products or services into the marketplace. Originality/Value: The paper analyzes the birth, growth, and development in given conditions of a concrete enterprise and this emphasizes the deeply original character of the study. Research limitations/Future research: However, the paper analyzes a concrete case and this constitutes a limitation.

Purpose. The purpose of the present paper was to gauge the extent of the impact on earnings management derived from the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) 17 as well as detecting whether the impact will be similar in different European “Insurance” and “Reinsurance” industries. Design/Method/Approach. To provide empirical evidence that earnings management is more frequent in some country and less frequent in others by means of a statistical analysis, a sample of European listed “Insurance” and “Reinsurance” companies in the period 2018-2020 was observed. Findings. That being said, the lesson learned from this study is that the implementation of the new principle, written to discipline the accountancy of insurances contracts, and its consequences, must be carefully analyzed and monitored by the regulators, as well as correctly adopted by managers, as the determined revenues could have an impact on the pre-existing earning management practices. Theoretical implications. The paper of the present research also concerns the predictions on the behavior of managers that can be foreseen considering the agency theory; therefore, knowing ex-ante in which industries earnings management has a high impact, provides the option to foresee the hypothetical moves of the managers in the implementation of IFRS 17. Originality/value. Specifically, companies belonging to two sectors were selected: “Insurance” and “Reinsurance”. The Jones Model was applied. The statistical analysis brought to light that earnings management practices are “commonly adopted” in the “Insurance” and “Reinsurance” industry, which is consequently highly impacted by the introduction of IFRS 17. Research limitations/Future research. The total number of observations is high, all companies analyzed belong to only two industries. The analysis could be extended to a greater number of industries and companies in order to provide a more complete overview of the presence and the persistence of earnings management policies in different European financial companies typologies. Paper type – empirical. JEL Сlassіfіcatіon: G18, G22, G28, G30, G32.

In the past, there was a lot of traditional enterprises of a great success for a long time, but today, under the rapid development of the social economy, they have to change to cope better with the possibility of the problem, they must be in information technology and digital technology put more money on, they need to combine information technology and management activities. Agriculture is the basis of the sustainable development of the national economy, the necessary demand of human beings, and the basis of human survival. Therefore, the construction and application of information technology have become an important research topic in the new era. Through the research of this paper, we can understand better how to combine digital information technology with enterprise management. The current research applies such analyses as: logical generalization and сomparison that include clarifying and simplifying the concepts of digital technology and enterprise management; expert evaluation, statistical analysis, data grouping and summary aiming at the research on enterprise market situation, identification, and development of digital technology; factor comprehensive analysis as the method of improving efficiency and productivity by applying digital technology in management; and economic mathematical modeling competitiveness model analysis. The application of computer technology can make information digitization. All the information generated in the operation of enterprises, such as enterprise personnel files, enterprise customer resource information, business financial situation, etc., this huge information, if according to the traditional method, will undoubtedly need to consume more human, material, and financial resources, and low efficiency, increase the cost of work. If computer technology is used to process enterprise information, it will be faster and better to digitize information, facilitate information integration and improve work efficiency, and this information will be very easy to be invoked later, avoiding wasting time to search, and greatly saving human resources. The results analyzed and compared by the author are very useful for the empirical evaluation of the survival and development of Chinese enterprises and even the sustainable economic development of the whole country, and can also provide a reference for the future development and transformation of Chinese traditional enterprises. Based on this, the paper puts forward the methods, and the countermeasures of sustainable economic development in the face of the rapid economic development today. The method proposed by the author can achieve the following results: it can better promote the development of China's economy and can provide substantial help for the transformation of traditional enterprises.

The work is devoted to describing an application of the DeGroot model in the following analysis: is it possible to establish a consensus of opinions of members in a social group (a society). This model describes the process of changing the agents’ opinion about a certain event or statement, factoring in the effect of interpersonal trust between agents, which is modelled by Markov chains. Agents’ opinions are represented by the probability of them showing their support to a given statement (event). The interpretation of the DeGroot model is quite broad. It includes, in particular, the study of economic decision-making, the influence of public opinion on people and the fact of achieving a consensus. The paper considers the conditions under which the process of updating the opinions of agents, belonging to a social group (network), converges to a certain limit value - a consensus, i.e. a case when all agents in a social group have the same opinion on a particular issue. We also show some generalizations of the DeGroot model, namely those that concern adding time dependency to the rules of updating the opinions of agents. To test the DeGroot model, we implemented the two-dimensional case as a dynamic Microsoft Excel workbook. The paper describes 2 types of problems related to reaching a consensus, solved with the model. The first kind of problem constitutes an analysis of possibilities of obtaining the desired consensus with a given matrix of trust (interpersonal trust of agents), whilst changing the initial group members’ opinions vector about an event (statement). We also discuss a solution of the inverse problem: find the trust matrix such that the iterative opinion update process converges to the desired consensus with a given initial vector of opinions. The results we obtained may be used for analyzing the process of managing public (collective) opinion concerning certain economic decisions in a social group (network).

The paper considers the insurance sector of the EAEU countries is analyzed: Russia, Armenia, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan and the Republic of Belarus. The development of insurance markets in the EAEU member states differ significantly. The lowest level of development of the insurance industry is characterized by Armenia and Kyrgyzstan, the highest level of development is in Russia. The paper also examines the restrictions on the reinsurance market in the EAEU countries.

Purpose: While the demand for mental health services increases, supply often stagnates. Providing treatment to those most in need is an important factor in its efficient distribution. We propose and conduct a statistical procedure for detecting rater-biases in patient prioritization tools. Design / Method / Approach: We gather real-life data from 266 illness severity assessments in an Austrian publicly funded mental health service provider, including a rich set of covariates. To ensure robustness, we merge this data with determinants of mental health and assessment identified by previous research, such as weather or seasonal indicators. Findings: We find statistically significant effects of rater-biases. These effects are robust to a large array of controls. Practical Implications: A back-of-the-envelope calculation reveals that the identified rater effects can translate to large changes in the waiting times for patients. Misspecified treatment allocations may lead to worsened symptoms and potentially fatal outcomes. Originality / Value: Although a growing literature focuses on patient prioritization tools, many articles study these in synthetic contexts using “vignettes”. In comparison, our study adds external validity by considering real-life treatments in the field. Research Limitations / Future Research: This study can be used as a starting point for deeper, causally focused studies. Disclaimer: In accordance with publisher policies and our ethical obligations as researchers, we report that one of the authors is employed at a company that may be affected by the research reported in the enclosed paper. We have disclosed those interests fully. Paper type: Empirical

Attraction of advanced students interested in studying at HEIs for an accounting major degree internationally remains a constant challenge to the accounting profession since the 1990s. To meet the demands it faces, the profession needs to be attractive for students who have the potential to become both technically competent professionals with good analytical abilities and communicative team players, able to understand the expanding business environment and think creatively. Unfortunately, there is a risk that potential students may possess false perceptions of accounting practices and profession. The aim of the research is to explore the perceptions of accounting of the students enrolled in the studies for non-accounting major degree of Professional Bachelor in Business Administration at Lithuanian HEIs. Foremost, the paper analyses the studied assessing approaches and tools used in the notable prior research on the topic. This is followed by the revealed methodology and analysed findings for the research carried out. One of the more important discovers was that the female students assessed the accounting significantly as more definite, boring, precise, and compliance driven than male students. Even considering the abovementioned differences, the results of the perception factors’ analysis strongly suggest that the surveyed students despite their gender in the mass hold traditional stereotypical perceptions of accounting. Due to sufficient number of the surveyed students, findings in overall are applicable to the target group of the research. Finally, the paper provides conclusions, limitations and insights for feasible further research in the study area.

Purpose: To explore the feasibility of using the multi-method and mixed-method in research studies by reviewing and comparing both methods. Design / Method / Approach: Using the literature, historical background on mixed-methods and multiple-methods design principles are collected and applied in this paper in a systemtic review format. Findings: The major finding from this research is that incorporating quantitative and qualitative data in the form of a mixed or multi-method study has the potential to dramatically increase the accuracy and quality of any research's analysis and conclusions. Theoretical Implications: The study contributes to the theoretical understanding of how mixed and multi-method studies have distinct and distinguishable characteristics, which encourages researchers to conduct investigations appropriately to accomplish their research aims. The authors of this article introduce different designs (e.g., embedded design, explanatory design) which combine the mixed-method with the multi-method approach. Practical Implications: This study concludes that both mixed-methods and multi-methods are reliable and have unique characteristics. Increasing validity (i.e., external validity, generalizability) and reliability of study findings. Originality / Value: The authors of this paper present a taxonomy how to combine mixed-methods with multi-methods. Research Limitations / Future Research: Research should be directed at defining the appropriate design for the multi method to help researchers conduct multi method studies scientifically.

Purpose: Process optimization in healthcare using artificial intelligence (AI) is still in its infancy. In this study, we address the research question “To what extent can an AI-driven chatbot help to optimize the diagnostic process?” Design / Method / Approach: First, we developed a mathematical model for the utility (i.e., total satisfaction received from consuming a good or service) resulting from the diagnostic process in primary healthcare. We calculated this model using MS Excel. Second, after identifying the main pain points for optimization (e.g., waiting time in the queue), we ran a small experiment (n = 25) in which we looked at time to diagnosis, average waiting time, and their standard deviations. In addition, we used a questionnaire to examine patient perceptions of the interaction with an AI-driven chatbot. Findings: Our results show that scheduling is the main factor causing issues in a physician’s work. An AI-driven chatbot may help to optimize waiting time as well as provide data for faster and more accurate diagnosis. We found that patients trust AI-driven solutions primarily when a real (not virtual) physician is also involved in the diagnostic process. Practical Implications: AI-driven chatbots may indeed help to optimize diagnostic processes. Nevertheless, physicians need to remain involved in the process in order to establish patient trust in the diagnosis. Originality / Value: We analyze the utility to physicians and patients of a diagnostic process and show that, while scheduling may reduce the overall process utility, AI-based solutions may increase the overall process utility. Research Limitations / Future Research: First, our simulation includes a number of assumptions with regard to the distribution of mean times for encounter and treatment. Second, the data we used for our model were obtained from different papers, and thus from different healthcare systems. Third, our experimental study has a very small sample size and only one test-physician. Paper type: Empirical

A significant problem in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (hereinafter referred to as the SDGs) is insufficient financial support. The size of the investment gap before the pandemic, according to UN estimates, was $3.3-$4.5 trillion per year. The pandemic has significantly exacerbated the already difficult situation with financing, and has also set back humanity in achieving a number of the SDGs. The list of potential sources of offsetting the financial gap includes new taxes on the wealthy and pollution, debt relief for low- and middle-income countries, elimination of tax loopholes, redirection of subsidies from environmentally destructive activities, etc. However, a more market-oriented and gentle solution to the problem, both globally and at the level of individual countries, is the use of responsible investment tools. After all, ESG indicators are taken into account by investors and financial institutions when making investment and lending decisions, as well as by counterparties and suppliers in the course of commercial activities. ESG indicators are information about the environmental, social and governance factors of a company that are key to measuring the sustainability and ethical impact of investments in a company and business. The successful implementation of responsible investment is hampered by the existence of information asymmetry, for example, in the form of ESG mimicry. It means the use of various techniques that indicate the company's involvement in ESG, which is not really true. The goal of this article is to analyze effective methods for reducing information asymmetry in the ESG segment. It is proved that the use of responsible investment benchmarks in the form of ESG ratings can reduce the level of information asymmetry and increase the efficiency of responsible investment. In addition, the paper proposes a five-phase process for creating an ESG rating, which summarizes the experience of the best international practices and allows for more relevant assessments of companies' ESG efforts.

The article discusses the possibilities of using artificial intelligence in the field of social insurance. The relevance of the topic and the importance of using artificial intelligence technology in this area are established, since it can improve the activities of the insurance sector and solve various problems. The purpose of the work is to study the specifics of the use of artificial intelligence technologies in social insurance and their impact. The paper examines current technologies and areas of artificial intelligence application. The software solutions used by social insurance authorities are thoroughly disclosed. It is determined that artificial intelligence technologies are used in social insurance for data analysis, risk forecasting and decision-making. The functions and capabilities of artificial intelligence in this area are widely disclosed in the article. It is established that these technologies can be used to process large amounts of information, to collect customer data, to predict risks, or as a virtual for risk forecasting or as virtual assistants. The author analyzes the challenges and risks that arise when using technology. It is determined that the main ones are problems with confidentiality and access to technology. Options and methods for solving problems are proposed, such as data regulation, development of ethical standards, increasing transparency, etc. In addition, the advantages of using technology in the field of social insurance are identified. These include increased work efficiency, improved quality of service, and reduced fraud. Conclusions are drawn that show that the use of artificial intelligence technologies in the field of social insurance has great potential. This contributes to the development of insurance companies and improvement of their work.

The paper analyses in depth and highlights not only the peculiarities of managing gaming communities in Minecraft, but also their strategies in the face of constant competition. The authors describe in detail the methods used by these communities to achieve their goals in the virtual environment, taking into account the needs and differences of this type of collective structures. Special focus is directed towards examining how new members interact and the impact they have on the management dynamics within the clan. Highlighting the benefits that a player receives when joining a clan is an important part of the analysis, which opens up new approaches to understanding the motivation of players in choosing certain gaming groups. Not only the effectiveness of player management is investigated, but also the ways in which server administrators facilitate this interaction and generate revenue. The authors reveal specific examples of gaming features that server owners use for commercial purposes, as well as consider strategies for forming clans and their potential sizes. The approach to defining the roles of players in gaming communities is considered to be innovative, enriching the understanding of their functions and contributing to deepening the analysis in this area. This work is currently relevant in the context of the expansion of gaming culture, as it brings to the fore key aspects of gaming communities and can serve as a valuable source of information for players, game team leaders, server administrators, and researchers studying this unique field.

Purpose: Based on the various streams of distance literature in management, a framework is provided to make discourses on distance clear. Design / Method / Approach: After a review of the most relevant distance concepts, a typology with five categories is introduced, which are then applied to the most relevant distance concepts in management. Findings: A clear typology helps to clearly define and differentiate the various streams of distance literature. Theoretical implications: With the conceptual categories ‘topic’, ‘dimensionality’, and ‘level of analysis’, and the empirical categories ‘variables’ and ‘distance calculation’, distance concepts become more consistent. Practical implications: With a terminology for the different aspects of distance, practitioners can focus more clearly on specific remedies to bridge distance. Originality / Value: The paper offers a new typology of different elements of distance. Research limitations / Future research: The introduced typology will aid in the discussion of distance in management. Paper type (empirical / conceptual): conceptual

Digital business transformations began in the early twenty-first century. But over the past ten years, the pace has accelerated significantly, especially in the context of the end-2019 pandemic. Many papers on this topic have already been published, but there are still many aspects that have not yet been studied. In this paper, we consider the impact of digitalization on innovative business models (IBM). Based on analyzed and carefully studied previous research and scientific publications, this study highlights the impact of digital technologies on changing business models of enterprises in the last 3-5 years. The study found that the digital transformation of enterprises helps to improve competitiveness. Brings competition to a new level. The introduction of state-of-the-art technology can help companies create new strategies and create a foundation for long-term growth and market leadership. Digital technologies have forced entrepreneurs to rethink their business models (BM). The company's location is also directly dependent on the success of digital transformations. It was found that small and medium enterprises (SME) in developed countries are adapting faster and introducing new technologies. The problem of SMEs in developing countries is the difficult access to the latest technologies, the purchase of technologies that have newer substitutes in developed countries. Based on data on the activities of SMEs, as well as some corporations that are actively implementing new technologies to improve the efficiency of their own business. Quantitative research has shown that technologies such as large database analysis, the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, and augmented reality technologies have the greatest impact on changing business models. Specialized research shows that the most susceptible to new technologies and changes in business models are IT companies. After all, they are the drivers of digital transformation. Examples of online goods companies and film companies are given. Options for further study of the impact of transformation on the business model are proposed. It is also proposed to explore methods of identifying competitive advantages and their use in building business models.

In the paper, on the example of features of Transneft – Druzhba, JSC the issues of sufficiency of certification of an organisation’s quality management system for compliance with the requirements of “ISO 9001: for the provision of services” were considered. It is shown that the organisation’s quality management system certificated for compliance with ISO 9001 requirements does not guarantee consumers the quality of goods (or services) declared by the organisation, and the adopted system of certification of the quality management system undermines trust in the international quality certification institute. The purpose of the study was to prove that, controlling the quality of the subject’s work, it is needed to have an adequate understanding of its structure, kinematics and additional features that allow organisation to extract unrecorded financial benefits. With outside control, controllers usually pay attention only to the subject of verification itself, overlooking the fact of its including (belonging) to a larger system that encompasses it, and its participation in a single process of forming the final product. Therefore, when verifying the implementation of ISO 9000 standards, they are usually shown only those areas of the organisation that can pass the quality inspection and do not disclose the existing links between sequential processes. Thereby they exclude from consideration the existing transaction costs (in particular, the costs associated with the need to implement input control at least based on the use of statistical methods). To confirm the initial hypothesis, the paper used methods of scientific abstraction and functional analysis. As a result of the research, the following statements are confirmed. Quality management and knowledge management issues have the complementary nature. The object is independent of knowledge and existed before its appearance. On the contrary, the subject of knowledge forms knowledge itself. “Including” an object in its activity, the subject considers it from the sides he is interested in, which become the “representative” of the entire multilateral facility, forgetting that the object of knowledge is a product of his cognitive activity, subjected to specific laws that do not coincide with the laws of the object itself. It is further proposed to present a model of certification of the quality management system, in which the existing shortcomings will be eliminated.

Purpose: Explore the genesis of the global rocket launcher market, focusing on its history, current trends, and influencing factors. The research delves into the strategies of aerospace companies and their adaptation to changing market conditions, identifying key elements that shape and modify these strategies. Design / Method / Approach: Multifaceted analytical methodology was utilized, including logical, statistical, and graphical techniques to investigate the rocket launcher market thoroughly. A systemic approach facilitated the examination of the interrelationships among technological innovations, economic implications, and political factors. Structural-functional analysis delineated the operational mechanisms of various market segments, and comparative analysis was used to discern global tendencies and regional specificities. Findings: Reveal an analysis of the strategic approaches of entities engaged in the production of rocket launchers, emphasizing their state of development and evolution over time. This analysis also identifies the factors impacting the rocket launcher market, which are critical for the strategic formulation and adaptation processes. Strategies demonstrating significant efficacy amidst rapid market changes were distinctly highlighted. Theoretical implications: Contribute to expanding the knowledge base regarding the strategic perspectives of companies in the field of space economics, offering new data and interpretations. This integration of economics, technology, politics, and international relations showcases the benefits of an interdisciplinary approach in understanding complex industry processes in a changing market environment, specifically regarding strategic management in a changing market environment. Practical implications: As a decision-making guide for industry leaders and professionals, offering data and analytics for strategic planning and informed decision-making. Therefore, the practical value of the research lies in providing useful resources for a wide range of stakeholders, including industry representatives, policymakers, investors, and the academic community. Educational value: The findings of the study can serve as educational material for courses and programs related to the study of high-tech markets and the formation of a system of strategic management in companies. Originality / Value: Comprehensive perspective on the rapidly evolving rocket launcher industry, with a particular focus on the last twenty years and significant attention to the last five years. This period has seen considerable technological innovations and shifts in the global economy and political landscape, providing insights into the key factors shaping the industry and predictions about future changes and trends. Research limitations / Future research: The primary challenge for analyzing the market and company strategies is the limited availability of verified and reliable information, as the rocket launcher market is closely intertwined with state defense programs, which significantly restrict information access. Future research could delve deeper into the impact of technological innovations, government regulations, and the interaction between the rocket launcher market and other aerospace sectors on the strategies of companies from different countries. Given the dynamic nature of the market, regular data updates, at least biennially, are essential for keeping the analysis current. Paper type: Empirical

Purpose: This research work attempts to identify the determining factors of Koléa university campus generation Z students’ entrepreneurial intention. Design/Method/Approach: The applied research method is a quantitative approach in which a sample of 93 responses were analyzed using two software tools, IBM SPSS 25 and smartPLS4, and by adopting Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Partial Least Squares (PLS-SEM) for analysis and estimation. Findings: Results showed a significant and positive impact of subjective norms on the entrepreneurial intention of the study sample. However, entrepreneurial training, attitude towards entrepreneurship and perceived behavioral control had no impact on the entrepreneurial intentions of these students. thus, these findings led to validate the first hypothesis and reject the other three. Theoretical Implications: This study contributes to the extent literature on generation Z students’ entrepreneurial intention in an Algerian context by highlighting the importance of subjective norms in fostering this intention. Practical Implications: Algerian universities should improve and pay more attention to entrepreneurial education and trainings they offer to their students in order to incite them to create their own business using adequate methods. Originality/Value: Understanding the characteristics and needs of Z generation students is important for universities and businesses. knowing what stimulates the generation Z entrepreneurial intention is both interesting and primordial. This information will enable universities to qualify, evaluate, and improve their entrepreneurial training programs. Also, such study in the Algerian context is scarce and still not common. Research Limitations/Future Research: Like many research studies, this study presents limitations, including those related to the size of the sample and the fact that it focuses on only Koléa university students. Hence, it is preferred to conduct further researches on the factors influencing entrepreneurial intention among Generation Z students belonging to various Algerian universities and conclude through generalizing the findings. Also, a longitudinal study would be a great way to track this intention and identifying the other factors that led and pushed some students to take the action and create their own business. Paper type: empirical.

The reviews of scientific economic literature show a growing complexity of interrelationships between subject areas and discord among different types of publications, registered editions and subject classifications. At this landscape, the need to comprehend the digitalization trends is becoming more and more acute. This paper presents the results of bibliometric analysis of more than one and half publications indexed in the EconLit electronic bibliography from the position of digital and industrial aspects and interrelation between them. The records, in which the title contains the terms “digital” or “digitization”, “online”, “smart”, “mobile”, “internet”, “computer” or “computing”, “telecommunication” and “software”, supposed to be as “digital aspect”. The publications of “industrial aspect” belong to 37 JEL micro categories of four-meso categories with the title “Industry Studies” (L6 Manufacturing. L7 Primary Products and Construction. L8 Services. L9 Transportation and Utilities). The paper contains a set of indicators for assessment of the digitalization degree of publications reflected in EconLit in 1991–2020. These indicators help to discover the “points of growth” at the intersections of digital and industrial aspects in the research object and subject framework. The presented results showed that the world economic literature continues to pay more attention to the problems and methods of digitalization. Analysis of publication activity by sub-periods of 1991–2020 helped to single out four terms (online, digital, smart, mobile) with a pronounced increase in activity. Examples of some notable publications illustrate the most interesting trends. The highest values of “digitalization rates” are in the category L63 Microelectronics, computers, communications. The digitalization rates above average are in L8 Service, where the leader is L86 Information and Internet Services; Computer Software. L7 Primary Products and Construction makes only first steps along digitalization way. The thoughts about future research developments accomplish the main text of article.

At the present stage of economic development, the leading role in ensuring the competitiveness of both an singular enterprise and the country as a whole, as well as in creating conditions for the transition to sustainable development, is played by the successful implementation of the latest scientific developments in production processes, comprehensive support for the strategy of innovative development. The development and implementation of innovations is a complex dynamic process that requires the use of special research methods. Such a method is system dynamics, which makes it possible to take into account the nonlinearity of the impact of innovation on the state of the economy. The paper considers the methodology for building a model for managing innovation processes, taking into account the self-organization of the logistic type. The main danger that can accompany the evolution of innovation processes is the emergence of unacceptable dynamic modes, so one of the tasks of the study was to determine the conditions capable of ensuring the stability of equilibrium states of a complex dynamic system according to the proposed models. The object of research is a complex dynamic system, between the elements of which there is both positive and negative feedback. To build a model of the dynamics of innovation processes, the mathematical apparatus of the theory of differential equations was applied, which made it possible to consider the development of the innovation process in continuous time. With the help of the instrumentarium of nonlinear dynamics, a study of the stability of diffusion of innovations depending on the parameters of the control influence was carried out. The conditions for the transition of the system to a critical state, which may be accompanied by the occurrence of bifurcations and chaos, have been determined. Particular attention was paid to determining the structural stability of the regulated innovation process in the case when both equilibrium positions are close in terms of parameter values. It is expedient to apply the proposed model to solve the problem of innovation management both at the State level and at the level of an individual industry or an individual enterprise. The obtained theoretical conclusions were confirmed through the use of simulation modeling.

The aim of the article is to study the demand for educational services in Ukraine under the influence of economic, political and social factors that are effective in the country. Among the main factors influencing the demand for educational services are the COVID-19 pandemic, the full-scale invasion of the russian federation on the territory of Ukraine and, as a result, migration processes, the destruction of educational infrastructure, changes in the structure of the labor market, budget constraints, reduction of funding at the expense of households, etc. The projected value of the reduction in demand for educational services (number of entrants) by 2025 based on the studied parameters is on average 10%. A correlation and regression analysis was carried out to study the demand for educational services of higher education institutions (HEIs) depending on the main demographic, economic, political and social indicators. According to the analysis of the correlation matrix, the factors that have a high level of closeness of interconnection and a direct impact on the number of entrants to HEIs are the number of school graduates, the number of population aged 16–59 years and the employment rate. Factors such as a decrease in education costs, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the occupation have an inverse impact on the number of entrants. The paper considers the study of the effectiveness of the State regulation of admission to the budget form of education in individual specialties. For this purpose, data on the results of the 2023 admission campaign from the Unified State Electronic Database on Education were used. It is found that in 2023, the highest demand is for specialties related to the social and philological direction (Psychology, Journalism), as well as those that have a well-established importance in terms of prestige and employment (Dentistry, International Relations, specialties in the IT profile, etc.). On the other hand, the lowest demand is for engineering specialties, where the competition is two applications for three budget-funded places. The article uses econometric methods of analysis of digital information, analyzes the influence model between the indicators of the passing score and the general competition. Recommendations are provided on the revision of the policy of admission and competitive selection of students in certain specialties, taking into account the existing established trends in the demand for engineering specialties and taking into account the factor of occupation of the country’s territory and, as a result, changes in the structure of production and needs in the labor market.

Recently, the relevance of risk management of IT projects has increased significantly, which is associated with their rapid development and a high level of uncertainty in the external environment. The purpose of the study is to determine the features of risk management of IT projects on the basis of modern theory and practice of project management. The paper analyzes the essence of the concept of «IT project», as well as identifies its features, including: non-standard life cycle; mobility and ambiguity of some areas in the IT field; high level of uniqueness of the project; dependence on other IT projects and technologies; low level of project expertise due to the uniqueness of the technologies on which the project is based; high level of project complexity and uncertainty. The essence of the concept of «IT project risk» is also defined, the main types of risks are characterized. The features of using the PMBoK (Project Management Body of Knowledge) methodology in project risk management are analyzed. A characterization of the stages of risk management in IT projects based on the PMBoK approach is provided, including: risk planning; risk identification; qualitative and quantitative risk assessment; planning a risk response strategy; monitoring and control of risks. It is determined that risk management of IT projects using the PMBoK approach has significant shortcomings if used in conditions of a high level of uncertainty and novelty of the project. The article also provides a characterization of flexible risk management of an IT project based on the Agile methodology, which in turn is based on an iterative approach, continuous risk assessment and the development of measures for their adaptation. A comparative characterization of the approaches of PMBoK and Agile to risk management of IT projects is provided: their strengths, weaknesses, and areas of application are identified. It is noted that the choice between PMBoK and Agile approaches should be based on the specific needs of the project and the organizational context. PMBoK will be appropriate for large, long-term projects, as well as in situations where predictability, adherence to the plan are crucial, while Agile is best suited for innovative projects that are implemented in an uncertain or dynamic environment and require flexibility, quick adaptation, and customer focus. A significant number of project managers in the IT field prefer a hybrid approach that combines the strengths of both methodologies.

One of the key challenges facing humanity is rapid climate change. The deterioration of the environmental situation is inextricably linked to the development of society, the introduction of modern technologies, and the expansion of business activities. This requires the immediate intervention of government agencies, international and regional organisations, and private entities to address this problem. The issue of environmental management is currently of particular concern and is in the focus of many institutions, including the European Union, which is constantly improving the ways and mechanisms for its regulation. As Ukraine plans to become a member of the EU, harmonisation of our legislation, including in this area, is a prerequisite for integration. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to study financial methods of environmental regulation in the EU and to determine the effectiveness of their operation and prospects for adaptation in Ukraine. The following methods were used in writing the article: analysis, synthesis, generalisation, systematisation, and specification. This paper focuses on financial methods, as they are the most effective. It is established that the financial instruments of environmental management regulation include: taxes and fees, emissions trading, compensation for the use of natural resources, bonuses and subsidies, cost of environmental restoration, environmental loans, green investments and encouragement of innovation. For European integration, Ukraine needs to broaden the tax base for environmental taxes. It is also necessary to review the rate of the environmental tax on carbon emissions, which is currently significantly lower than in the EU. Increasing it would allow exporters of goods to the European Union to avoid paying the difference in CIT and use the savings to address environmental issues. In Ukraine, unlike European practice, a significant drawback is that rents for the use of subsoil, water, forest resources, and oil pipelines are not considered environmental taxes and are not used for environmental protection measures. Funding for environmental restoration should be made taking into account all factors of influence for each specific region and the country as a whole. Investments in environmental modernisation can be one of the most effective financial instruments for Ukraine, as they are based on incentives rather than coercion. Thus, environmental management regulation in Ukraine requires reforming financial methods in accordance with the requirements of European legislation.

The emergence of omnichannel is regarded as a direct consequence of digitalization. The first studies of omnichannel occurred in the retail sector, but today there is an increasing interest in omnichannel in other services, such as tourism, the hospitality industry, healthcare, and banking. At the same time, omnichannel has been influenced by digitization and the Internet, which are undergoing rapid changes, so the phenomenon of omnichannel itself is rapidly transforming. The paper determines the main approaches to the omnichannel phenomenon, its characteristic features, and research scopes based on current research. The main approaches to the definition of omnichannel have been systematized and analyzed. Thus, the main definitions of omnichannel in the scientific literature have been given in the aspects of retailing, marketing, management, strategy, and business. Therefore, terminological ambiguity can be observed, which actualizes the relevance of further research on theoretical developments in omnichannel. The creation of seamless and consistent customer experience (СX) through the integration of online and offline channels (digital and physical) at all stages of the consumer journey has been pointed out as a common characteristic of omnichannel. The important scopes inherent in omnichannel, i.e. Channel Integration and Customer Perception, have been distinguished. The main issues within the scope of Channel Integration have been defined as the followings: omnichannel strategies; the dimensions of omnichannel integration from customer and company viewpoints; the Integration Quality of Channels; the dimensions of omnichannel integration from both customer and company viewpoints. The main issues within the scope of Customer Perception have been defined as the followings: the determinants / factors influencing seamless CX and consumers’ behavior; the factors influenced by a seamless CX and channel integration; the omnichannel-capable measurement of CX; the dimensions of a seamless CX.

The article examines the mechanisms of public management of higher education in Ukraine and their implementation. The true nature of the «mechanism of public management» category is revealed, this is a necessary prerequisite for increasing the efficiency of public management mechanisms. Established mechanisms of public management of education modernization contribute to a coherent and rational approach to the management of processes of reform and renewal of the educational sector of Ukraine. The article analyzes the various mechanisms used by the government to regulate and supervise institutions of higher education. Also, the mechanisms of public management are characterized in different ways. These mechanisms include policy formulation, legislative framework, accreditation processes, quality assurance mechanisms and financial support mechanisms. The methods of managing the development of higher education applied by the government should have a significant impact on improving the quality of educational services in Ukraine. Each mechanism of public management has its own character and should be considered as a set of generally accepted management methods. The true nature and functionality of the education system is best revealed by a systemic approach. Various mechanisms are distinguished by the nature of influence, such as political, organizational, legal, economic and social. Effective management of the higher education system is crucial for the development of the country's education sector. The paper also examines the roles and responsibilities of key stakeholders, including government agencies, universities, teachers and students, in shaping and implementing policy and practice in the higher education system. In addition, it discusses the challenges and opportunities associated with public management of higher education, such as ensuring accessibility, promoting excellence, promoting research and innovation, and matching education with labor market demands. The article emphasizes the importance of a well-functioning governance system to foster a competitive and internationally recognized higher education sector in Ukraine.