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The present work is interested in portraying what leads a person to undertake, the influence on the decision to choose the segment of the enterprise, the motivation that governs the continuity of the business, the advantages and disadvantages of the process. Interviews were conducted with 21 entrepreneurs through 21 questions, 20 of which were objective and 1 was subjective, which were analyzed in order of relevance. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, most entrepreneurs were at a time of negative economic impact, moreover, they came to describe with emphasis the attitude of never giving up on a business, even in difficult times of global economic crisis. They also reported on their expectations regarding the postpandemic. This work provided a vision for future entrepreneurs of the advantages and disadvantages of owning their own business, and the value of the three most important capitals in the enterprise: financial capital, customer capital and intellectual capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to verify if the executive compensation impacted the economic-financial and market performance of non-financial institutions listed in B3, from 2010 to 2019. Perceived changes in the structures of companies triggered a discussion about the professionalization of their management, which finds theoretical support in Agency Theory. This advocates that this professionalization of management gives rise to two subjects: the owner (principal) and the hired manager (agent). This interaction could be a source of conflict, since these subjects have different interests, therefore, discussions about these roles and monitoring mechanisms are necessary. The method used was a quantile regression with panel data. The sample consisted of 188 Brazilian non-financial companies listed on B3, with data available in the Economática and ComDinheiro databases. It was concluded that the remuneration system had a much greater impact on economic and financial indicators than on market indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Covid-19 pandemic caused impacts at a global level that reflected on the economy and concomitantly on companies in various sectors, including aviation. Thus, the present work, which aims to analyze the main financial and accounting impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on Brazilian companies in the air transport segment included in the Stock Exchange, is the result of research on the most relevant financial and accounting effects that the New Coronavirus brought, as a consequence, to Brazilian airlines, limiting itself to the study of companies listed on B3. To contribute to the aforementioned analysis, calculations of economic and financial indicators were carried out and the results of the consequent performance of these organizations in the pandemic scenario were observed, evidenced in the year 2019 to 2021. The research uses the descriptive method as a study plan, exploring knowledge about the importance of Brazilian air transport and analyzing data from economic and financial indices interpreted through the financial statements of the two companies listed on B3: Azul Linhas Aéreas Brasileiras S.A. and Gol Linhas Aéreas Inteligentes S.A. It should be noted that the study refers to the period comprised by the year prior to the pandemic, as well as the year affected by the crisis and the period in which vaccination and the gradual easing of urban mobility began. In addition, the result of the analyzes carried out indicates a negative economic and financial impact of the effects of the pandemic for the companies in question, since they present a drop in the 2020 indexes in relation to the previous period, also observing the high accumulated loss in the financial statements of the referred year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pandemic of COVID-19 has undoubtedly changed the lives of thousands of families around the world, especially those in situations of social vulnerability. As a result, it has also changed the way parental relationships are being built and experienced. This study aimed to analyze the parental relationships of socially vulnerable families, in the context of the first phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic, in the period from September 2020 to January 2021. The method used for this study is qualitative, exploratory research. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six parents/caregivers. Considering the results of the research, it was possible to observe that the context of social vulnerability was already part of the participants' development, since they also came from socially vulnerable families. Thus, it is understood that vulnerability has always been present for this group, and with the pandemic, more economic and psychosocial factors were added to the problems they experienced. Although, despite expressing such difficulties, the participants of the study understand that the current health scenario has increased adversities, but also brought positive aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To think the regional question is to understand that there is a need to overcome certain disparities reproduced in the territory. The study in question aims to adopt a set of methods of quantitative analysis with the objective of investigating the economic growth of the municipalities of the state of Ceará in terms of productive structure. In order to reach the proposed objective, methodologically, five determinants were extracted through factor analysis, namely: economic structure (F1), agricultural structure (F2), livestock structure (F3), planting structure (F4) and extractive structure (F5). Municipal GDP was regressed against these five factors as explanatory variables, controlling for spatial effects. The results show that the most appropriate model is the spatial Durbin model (SDM), revealing that a high GDP in the municipality (i) has a positive impact on the economic growth of the neighboring municipality (j). In addition, municipalities with more advanced productive structures have similar characteristics and are spatially concentrated, especially near the coastal strip of the state. All factors had a direct positive impact on GDP, but in relation to F3, F4 and F5, these present negative spatial spillovers in the economic growth of the neighboring municipality. Finally, the spatial effects were relevant to analyze the economic growth and spatial distribution of the productive activities of the municipalities of Ceará. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic literature has highlighted that infrastructure investment shows positive externalities which foster the economic growth. Based upon the Post-Keynesian perspective, the aims of this article are twofold: i) to explain the interactions among infrastructure, conventions, expectations and aggregate private investment, summarized in what Keynes called technically social investment; ii) to show in theoretical terms that discontinuities of infrastructure investments reduce the sensitivities of private aggregate investment in relation to its determinants, with economic policy implications. In the Post- Keynesian view, private investment is volatile and sensitive to changes in conventions and expectations. We show that infrastructure spending stimulates private investments because it reduces uncertainty and coordinates the emergence of private conventions and expectations that foster private investments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Direct economic impacts pertaining to extrajudicial activity are analyzed from the point of view of the Economic Analysis of Law. After an introduction, the first section presents brief considerations on the private activities in notary offices even though delegation occurs by the public authority. The second section deals with the occurrence of Economic Analysis of Law within the context of extrajudicial notary offices with notes on Economic Analysis of Law that promotes an analysis of law science through the application of economics. The third section investigates direct economic impacts hailing from the constitutional, legal and normative system belonging to extrajudicial activities. Further, values represented by the activity and its mandatory overtures are also given, coupled to the economic impacts for notaries and registrars. Through economic analysis, ordering and application to the notary and registrar fields bring forth some direct economic impacts. Bibliographical investigation, especially books, journals, law texts and other publications on the issue, and the deduction method are employed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pandemic caused a global crisis with socioeconomic and public health consequences for the whole society. The collectors of recyclable materials are professionals at the forefront of the sanitation field and suffer economic impacts, in addition to being constantly at risk of contamination. The organization of the collectors of recyclable materials in networks is a strategy adopted by Associations and Cooperatives in search of strengthening and better working conditions and during the pandemic it has been fundamental for the socioeconomic maintenance for these workers. In this sense, this work seeks to present interdisciplinary reflections based on the analysis of the experiences of Redesul Southwest MG, the challenges and coping strategies adopted by that organization, as well as the articulations made with other actors in the recycling production chain in order to mitigate the losses caused by COVID - 19. A bibliographic survey and data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews with the organization's representative, whose data were analyzed using the content analysis method. The results point to challenges in the area of health, financial maintenance, inefficiency of public policies and participation of the population. However, it was observed the power of the organization in the Network guided by the solidarity between the groups and the articulations with partners to face the challenges and fill the gaps left by the public power regarding the implementation of public policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The commercial aviation sector plays a key role in the economy. In Brazil, the sector was affected by the economic and institutional crisis after 2014. With this scenario, some states have created fiscal incentive policies aimed at fostering the expansion of the air network and local economic development. This article aims to examine the economic impacts of tax changes of the ICMS Tax on aviation kerosene in the states of the South and Southeast. To simulate tax policies, the general computable equilibrium methodology was used, with the theoretical basis of The Enormous Regional Model (TERM). As a result, it was found that the fiscal war was beneficial for the states that applied the reduction of ICMS rates and that the net results of the exemption from taxation in commercial aviation in Brazil were positive, that is, it is noted that the economic development generated by the application of the tax exemption was greater than the negative effects of the reduction of government revenue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on sustainable urban mobility has highlighted the value of the bicycle and its economic, social, and environmental benefits. However, despite the consensus on the positive aspects, the paradigm shift that allows the bicycle to be affirmed as a means of daily commuting faces many challenges, especially in contexts where it is rarely used. In Portugal, according to the 2011 Census only 0.5% of the population uses the bicycle in their daily urban mobility. It is in this context that the BOOST project developed a Roadmap for Starter Cities that integrates the estimation of the potential economic value of cycling at a local scale. The results show that an increase of about 2% in the modal share of the bicycle in 10 years, in the whole of Portuguese municipalities, can correspond to annual cost reductions of more than 1.1 million euros in CO2 emissions, to almost 25 million euros in fuel consumption and 500 thousand euros in air quality. As for the health benefits, the reduction in mortality associated with physical activity and the reduction of air pollution represent a potential positive economic impact of more than 140 million euros in 10 years for Portugal. In this sense, it is possible to conclude that more sustainable travel patterns and in which the bicycle assumes a more relevant position in urban mobility will have economic impacts, at least in terms of health, energy, and environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to demonstrate and analyze some economic and social effects aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. I argue that those effects are the pre-pandemic disastrous political, economic and social consequences of ultraliberal and fascist forces in power. The paper also draws attention to the worsening socio-economic and harmful conditions of this context for the working class, especially for the poorest groups. To make this possible, we have been carrying out documentary and systematic literature reviews since the beginning of the pandemic. The article contributes to broader theoretical debates about the public policy in the Brazilian government's management in facing the CoVid effects, which explains the higher mortality rates and the aggravation of social problems during the current scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to propose an integrative framework that synthesizes the literature on collaborative value creation between nonprofit and business organizations. A systematic literature review was conducted of 41 papers. We analyzed the content of the papers quantitatively to present an overview. We also provided a qualitative analysis with the aim of identifying those attributes that influence collaborative value creation. The proposed integrative framework was based on the main findings, and the attributes and sub-attributes for value creation were presented. The framework extends the study on collaborative value creation, and provides the context (countries and businesses) and the main theories found in the literature. There is a lack of studies of emerging economies that adopt relevant theories (such as the relational view) and quantitative methods. Studies that address the environmental and economic impacts of partnerships and analyze the relationship between attributes and their influence on value creation are also scarce. Thus, a research agenda was proposed encompassing such aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study quantified the energy consumption and CO2 emissions of the broiler chicken chain, considering the hybrid input-output matrix of Mato Grosso do Sul, using data from 2015. The intensity of carbon dioxide emissions for 7 sectors of the state economy is calculated, in addition to calculating the key sectors using the Rasmussen-Hirschman linkage indices. The broiler chicken chain has total emission effects of 32.50 t CO2 for every R$ 1 million added to economic activities related to the production chain and the linkage indices had impacts on the increase in CO2 emissions in the previous links of the production chain. The results provide information on economic and environmental impacts arising from investments in the production chain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paradigm shift to a system that promotes health in all aspects, focusing on the prevention of these defects can offer greater advantage, not only in the quality of life of the population but also economically for the public coffers, since a proper guidance and changes in lifestyle could prevent diseases before spending a large part of the money allocated to health with the treatment.. This article aims to present the financial impact of preventive medicine on the health system, showing the economic advantages that this model of medicine can provide and the relevant aspects of the results obtained. Preventable diseases, for example diabetes, cardiovascular disease and obesity are responsible for a large part of health expenditure, represent the savable budget that can be better used. In addition, socio-environmental factors also generate important impacts on the population's health and public spending, and it is important for preventive medicine to consider this perspective. Preventive medicine is responsible for reducing health costs and improving the population's quality of life. Thus, it is essential to move towards a more humanized, efficient, and cost-effective health model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study supports the debate on the role of conjunctural economic aspects in environmental/urban disasters such as the one in Mariana MG involving the mining sector. The conflict between urban space and mining activity and its consequences are of well-known relevance. However, highly important economic factors for the construction of the disaster scenario may go unnoticed. In this aspect, it becomes necessary not only a revision of the relationship between reproductive (urban) space and mining, but also a careful assessment of the international ore trade scenario and its implications to national production planning, which may have contributed to the circumstances of the event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After a period focused on macroeconomic stability measures, industrial policies were resumed by Brazil from 2004; however, with conflicts over the forms, they should take. Some theories defend them only to heal market failures, while others understand them as a driving force behind the economy. Both need to meet the challenges faced by the industry in Brazil. Therefore, the purpose of this article was to assess if industrial policies created by Brazil from 2004 to 2018 are aligned with the challenges faced by the industrial sector. The period analyzed portrays the cycle of resumption of industrial policies, starting with the Industrial, Technological, and Foreign Trade Policy (PITCE) in 2004, ending with Route 2030, in the year 2018. The study used the multivariate analysis of clusters (agglomerates) and crosstabs (crossing tables) for 19 industrial sectors, which were grouped in the first year of industrial policies according to the performance observed in their economic factors, such as sales, exports, and innovations, among others. The most representative group was verified, and the challenges faced by them were evaluated, as well as the objectives proposed by industrial policies. The results showed that the national industry problems were considered by a good part of the policies created in the period. It is believed that this research broadens the view on industrial policies, structuring variables called economic factors, with the potential to measure the country's industrial situation and in the direction of policy construction for the industrial sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Currently, restaurant MSMEs in the state of Tabasco, Mexico, must restructure their value proposition to face an environment that the health contingency caused by COVID-19 poses opportunities and threats to their effectiveness. However, little is known about the practices that these types of companies have carried out and the results they have obtained during the COVID-19 pandemic in the southeast region of Mexico. Therefore, the objective of this article is to identify the innovation practices that have been implemented by the MSMEs in the restaurant sector in the municipality of Teapa, Tabasco, during the first quarter of the pandemic and the results derived from their implementation. Method: A descriptive research is presented, with a non-experimental, cross-sectional methodological design and a qualitative approach, using the semi-structured interview as a data collection technique. The selection of the sample was for convenience, considering as units of analysis six MSMEs located in the municipality of Teapa, Tabasco, identified as restaurants with a la carte or regular food preparation service. The key informants were the managers or owners of the participating MSMEs. Results: It was identified that the restaurant MSMEs visited have implemented innovation practices in different areas of the company, highlighting the process innovation through changes in the way of production and distribution of dishes and implementation of rigorous sanitary protocols; organizational innovation through business associativity, infrastructure modifications and actions that promote occupational health; marketing innovation, promoting and advertising goods and services through the use of technologies and social networks, and product innovation through the development and sale of new products. From the implementation of these actions, the key informants stated having had favorable results reflected in the following indicators: customer satisfaction, profitability, use of relational capital and occupational health. Discussion or Conclusion: The challenges derived from the COVID-19 pandemic have motivated innovation in different areas of MSMEs in the restaurant sector in the municipality of Teapa, Tabasco, as a means to overcome the economic crisis in the country and the region. Therefore, it is concluded that innovation in the face of the health crisis is not an eventual need but a lifestyle that companies in this sector should adopt as part of their business culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A severe water crisis was faced by Paraná in 2020 due to the low rainfall over that period. Metropolitan Curitiba was particularly affected by the scarcity of water, which led statecontrolled water company SANEPAR to adopt a rotating supply program and promote campaigns aimed at reducing water consumption by 20%. In this scenario, the present study aims to project the economic impacts of the reduction in water consumption in Metropolitan Curitiba using a dynamic computable general equilibrium model calibrated for the different mesoregions of Paraná. The results show that the water crisis might be responsible for a 0.58% GDP reduction in the mesoregion corresponding to Metropolitana Curitiba in addition to causing a 1.03% reduction in employment. The effects of the crisis were notable not only to the water supply sector, but also to other sectors for which the resource represents an important productive input. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to our calculations, more than two hundred ships were sunk by German submarines off the Portuguese coast during the First World War. In the last few years, historiography has produced several pages about the operability of German submarine warfare, although we still do not know its social and economic impacts. Taking into account the latest scientific advances, we propose new problematics around this subject by correlating new data, in order to ascertain the direct and indirect impacts of German submarine warfare on Portuguese society and economy during the Great War. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although they are pegged to receive, emergencies occur with some frequency and sometimes cannot be "predicted" or even when emergency situations occur they become crucial and can save an organization from a harmful disbursement. However, most urgent purchases are oriented toward the low or inexistent planning, which, in addition to the economic factor in increasing the value of the good or the service, affects the areas involved, and even the image of the organization, the environmental and safety factors. Thus, the cause of emergencies becomes an indication and the negotiations can mean reduction of millions in expenses of large industries. Thus, the study became systemic in the emergency purchases of a large Brazilian pulp and paper producer, in addition, a methodology that allowed the reduction of planting and application costs. As a result, the goal of a 10% reduction in emerging expenditures in 2018 when compared to the previous year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The outbreak of COVID-19 has spread rapidly worldwide and was triggered on December 31, 2019 in Wuhan, China. From an epidemic stage, it was soon characterized as a pandemic by the WHO. Consequently, it signaled impacts on public health and economic systems. By raising several researches on the disease and its short, medium and long term consequences, this study explores the dynamics of COVID-19 and its socioeconomic reflexes globally, especially the impacts in Brazil, discussing the emergency political arrangements resulting from the pandemic -including the contagion suppression measures- to stimulate future research agendas. Based on a variety of literature, covering several countries and Brazil, the deductive method was used to problematize the factual evidence found, enabling the understanding of economic and social factors underlying this crisis. It faced the need for coordinated and integrated actions at various levels -corporate, community and, in particular, governmental-. It appears that it is still premature to indicate whether coping with the disease will have immediate effects; however, it was evidenced that large economies have been adopting macroeconomic strategies, making the expansion of their currencies more flexible and encouraging the growth by virtual currencies. On the other hand, the uncoordinated actions, especially those of countries in emerging conditions and with a predominant economic base in commodities and highly vulnerable public accounts, as in the case of Brazil, require further investigations regarding future impacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The evolution of the wind energy sector in Brazil is analyzed, coupled to an investigation of public policies and future trends, with special reference to the Brazilian states in the production and commercialization of wind power energy. Regions with great production and a qualitative approach are discussed, forecasting trends for the sector. Due to government programs for the advance of wind power and the mechanisms for energy buying, it has been observed that the northeastern region of Brazil, specifically the states of Rio Grande do Norte and Bahia, concentrates most of the wind power parks in the country. This is due to the government incentives associated with climatic conditions of the regions and wind currents. Trend may be attributed to several possibilities, coupled to endogenic and exogenic factors, foreign stimulated in the amplification of clean energy with climatic and economic factors. Funded by the government, it will become the main source of electric energy through clean and renewable sources which will be able to restructure, in the long term, the consumption chain through its commercial amplitude at accessible prices and production and distribution technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes how the decision-making of the organization of a festival (Oktoberfest in Blumenau) occurs during a pandemic and what are the impacts of that decision based on the Triple Bottom Line. The study verified the level of sustainability of previous editions of the festival (2017-2019), using a standardized questionnaire and secondary data, followed by pre-structured interviews to identify what tools and information managers use for decision-making. It was found that those responsible developed scenarios for the festival, and that decision-making will be based on health criteria defined by the health authorities so that the best possible decision is made, since canceling the festival will have strong socio-cultural and economic impacts on the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to data from the State Civil Defense Coordination of Paraná, the cases of disaster registered in the State decreased by 37.6% in relation to the previous year. However, as much as the number of disasters has reduced, the number of people affected remains high, as well as the municipalities still face great difficulty to recover from the events. In view of the current problems faced, the objective of this article is to present a technicalcomparative instrument that assists managers in the identification of priority Paraná municipalities for granting investments with a view to reducing disaster risks. The methodology is based on the construction of an indicator formed by the dimensions of Disaster Quality and Municipal Impact and Economic and Financial Commitment. As a result, it is observed that with the application of the indicator, 239 municipalities were identified as priorities, with 12 of them in critical condition, that is, they should be the first to receive resources. It is concluded that the use of this indicator, for general assessment of aspects related as a consequence of the occurrence of disasters, can present itself as an effective instrument in assisting public managers for decision making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzes the spatial configuration of dairy production in the municipalities of Paraná State, Brazil. As methodology, an Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis - AEDE was used to identify the existence of spatial clusters in the West, Southwest, Eastern Center and North Pioneer mesoregions. This shows that municipalities that have high value of the Gross Value of Production (VBP) of dairy (reais/Km²) in Paraná State are surrounded by municipalities of similar high value of the VBP of dairy (reais/Km²), as well as municipalities with low values. Based on preliminary data from the 2017 Agricultural Census, RAIS and IPARDES, an econometric model, of the Durbin Spatial type (SDM), was estimated, which includes the spatial gap in the gross production value and in the independent variables, in order to identify which, among economic and technical factors, are the determinants of the gross value of milk production. The main results were that technical guidance, productivity, pasture, technical-scientific occupations and electricity are some of the factors that are associated with the gross value of milk production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper aims to estimate a Input Output Matrix (MIP) for the Southeast Mesoregion of Rio Grande do Sul, seeking to analyze the economic impacts of the duplication of the southern section of BR 116 in the short and long term, considering the reduction of transportation costs. The results indicated that the economy of the region is strongly linked to the productive chains of livestock and food; forestry and shipbuilding and construction. With regard to the results of the duplication of BR 116, during the construction period the sectors most affected were the construction sector and its main suppliers. In turn, the results for the reduction of road transport margins have shown that other food sectors sectors; parts and accessories for motor vehicles; manufacture of electronic and computer equipment; rubber and plastic articles; pharmacochemical and pharmaceutical products; machines and equipment; agriculture, forestry and other transportation equipment suffered the greatest increases in production and value added. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective was to analyze the market consequences of quarantine in the vegetable and fruit sector. Given the relevance of the theme COVID-19, it was decided debate about safe foods, the effects of social isolation to contain the progress of coronavirus on the vegetable and fruit production chain and new forms of commercialization. Integrative literature review and field survey were used for data collection. The results were presented in a descriptive manner with emphasis on the city of Marília, State of São Paulo, Brazil. It was found that the consumption of vegetables and fruits, when properly handled, is safe and offer no health risks. There was a reduction in consumption in wholesale and retail of around 32% of the total volume sold. New forms of commercialization tend to minimize losses in the sector. The different agents in the production chain suffered economic impacts that will compromise production in the short and medium term. There is a need to support government actions to avoid the shortage of various goods in the sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past few years, regional planning and development policies have sought, among other aspects, to foster and modernize the productive structure, production factors and economic activities unevenly distributed at different spatial scales. To this end, regional development policies are present on the agendas of the different government levels. The formulation and implementation of these policies can result in complementary, overlapping or neutral policy interactions. This points to the existence of a set of complex interactions that involve both different actors and technical, political, economic and social factors. In this sense, the implementation of the Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (FCA) Automotive Pole in the Northeast is an emblematic case of high investments and representative to observe the complexity of policies and the interaction of actors at multiple spatial scales. Considering these elements, it is questioned which network of policies contributed to the implantation of the FCA Automotive Pole in the Northeast? In order to contemplate the question raised, a discussion of the rationalities, domains, instruments and actors that contributed to the formation of the vehicle manufacturer in the municipality of Goiana, a region in the north of the state of Pernambuco, is presented. The methodological approach starts from the perspective of public policy evaluation, combining the dimensions of policy mix and multilevel governance. The main findings indicate for: i) aspects of complementarity in policies to encourage innovation, infrastructure and logistics in the federal and state governments; ii) complementarity in professional qualification policies; iii) concentration of financing policies at the federal level; and iv) overlapping fiscal policies adopted at the three levels of government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The urban space provides the knowledge of the various manifestations of society materialized in its streets, avenues, buildings and squares, allowing a better understanding of the process that, over time, was responsible for its configuration. Thus, we sought to identify the possibilities of heritage interpretation of a city, through the 7 de Setembro Avenue, representative space of the history of Manaus in the periods pre-colonial, colonial, empire and republic, marked by its construction and its buildings. The methodology is qualitative, of the case study type, with the use of bibliographic, documentary sources, instruments such as inventory of tourism supply, observation, and interview. The landscape built on the avenue is a consequence of the social and economic formation of the region, where the main changes occurred as a result of the circulation of goods and the financial capital of two major economic and social development landmarks in the State and in the capital: the rubber cycle (1860-1930) and the creation of the Manaus Free Zone (from 1967 until today). Another result of the research is the suggestion of an interpretative touristic route through 7 de Setembro Avenue, with the main purpose of diversifying the local tourist offer, valuing heritage, and facilitating the understanding of this space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the Covid-19 global pandemic, and in the face of an imminent crisis derived from it, various concerns arise regarding the economic consequences that the situation will bring, as well as whether the response of the different governments will be enough in the long term. The Foundational Economy Collective proposes, for the European context in particular, a series of points and lessons for the economic policy decisions that emerge from this crisis in order to stimulate national and regional economies once the pandemic is over. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the tense coexistence among elements of different origins in the ways of managing Timorese life. The study is based on the criticism usually applied to rituals (lia) as draining family resources that become obstacles to modern forms of social and economic development. Through the analysis of a specific type of ritual, the importance of negotiation skills is highlighted as an inseparable part of local governance techniques. The State's ambiguous position in relation to local ritual elements is understood as an expression of the parasitic use of culture as a form of governance. We suggest that more important than its eventual economic impact is the fact that lia is a form of shaping the relationship of a local community to the State, providing a model of vertical hierarchical solidarity that guides the relationship of the Timorese with their modern governance institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the environmental impacts caused by economic development, the green logistics theme is gaining notoriety and has demanded attention from managers. Verifying the level of maturity and the level of understanding of green logistics practices provides subsidies for a better performance of these managers. Thus, the main objective of this work was to verify if the level of understanding of the green logistics practices of the employees of logistics companies varies in the same direction as the level of maturity. Such work was developed in two sequential stages: the first one had a qualitative nature and the second one had a quantitative approach. The first step resulted in the identification of three logistics providers with different levels of maturity in green logistics management. The second step measured the level of understanding of green logistics for employees of each of these three providers. The research demonstrated that the understanding of green logistics practices varies in the same direction as the company maturity level of green management; that is, the higher the level of maturity of the company's green management, verified by its practices, the greater the understanding of its employees about the components involved in green logistics. Some management recommendations have been suggested for each of the companies presenting the three diferente levels of maturity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed to identify explanatory factors of the economic efficiency of the Brazilian capital cities in the allocation of the expenditure with actions and public health services, from 2006 to 2015. In thus, the research used the regression analysis by Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), with panel data and random effects, taking as sample 25 Brazilian capitals cities. It was used as a dependent variable the efficiency scores calculated in the research of Silva, Gomes, Barbosa e Lucena (2018) and as explanatory variables, exogenous factors over which managers do not have control in short time. The results of the research show that three variables were significant: the per capita gross domestic product, the rate of urbanization and the percentage of the population benefited by the provision of potable water. Therefore, it can be concluded that the efficiency of health expenditure is not only the result of institutional factors management, but also requires investments in other areas, such as income generation and distribution, water supply and urbanization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed to analyze the economic impact of Alcântara Port Terminal activity, a Greenfield enterprise, located in the state of Maranhão. Bibliographic research; documentary research; interview and economic impact analysis methodology proposed by the Bureau of Transport Economics of Australia were used. The economic impact was measured through the Value of Provided Services, Gross Value Added, Household Income and the Number of Generated Jobs, divided into direct, indirect and induced impact and evaluated for a period of 24 years (2024 to 2048). The results obtained indicate a contribution to regional development, proving the role of ports in improving product handling conditions (wealth) and benefiting people (income generation). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review's objective was to verify studies on mental health developed with quilombola populations. The researches were taken from three different databases: Lilacs, Medline and SciELO, using the following describers: "quilombola OR quilombo AND mental health OR mental disorders". We selected eight studies, which met the inclusion criteria. Most of the studies pointed social and economic indicators as factors associated to the health and mental health conditions of members of quilombola communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic, declared by the World Health Organization, is a public health emergency of international importance. The harms to human health caused by the SARSCoV-2 virus, and the socio-environmental and economic impacts resulting from it, demand immediate and articulated responses, involving studies from different areas of knowledge. In this perspective, this article is the result of a study under development, of an exploratory, descriptive and analytical character, which aims to map the spatio-temporal distribution of confirmed cases and deaths registered in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. Likewise, it aims to identify in the urban network, the spatial association between the levels of centrality and the 280 positive cases. Considering the period between epidemiological weeks 11 and 18 of 2020, it can be said that, generally and preliminarily, contagion evolves from urban centers with higher levels of centrality to those with lower levels. On the other hand, heterarchical spatial interactions also contribute to understanding the beginning of contagion in centers with a lower hierarchical level. It is emphasized that the results can contribute to state health surveillance, offering subsidies for prioritizing places for actions, for monitoring and for studies that can identify socio-environmental risks and vulnerabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is possible that workers who collect recyclable materials overcome individualism and work in networks? The aim of this research is to reflect on the limits, challenges and strategies necessary to build a solidary collaboration network between the solidary productive organizations of collectors in the Triangulo Mineiro and Alto Paranaiba region. In addition to the economic factor, networking would result in a guarantee of ideological aspects related to the popular solidarity-based popular economy approach, supporting the maintenance and affirmation of its anti-hegemonic character. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The governments of Fernando Henrique Cardoso are considered responsible for a strong reduction of the State through policies of containment of public spending, which also affected the Armed Forces. Conversely, the Lula da Silva governments presented a developmental discourse, which supposedly favored investment in the Armed Forces, reversing the trends of previous administrations. From the reading of two texts by political scientist João Roberto Martins Filho and SEORI statistical data, the article makes a critical and comparative analysis between the governments mentioned in relation to investments - and only in relation to investments - in National Defense, in the maintenance and modernization of the Armed Forces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article compares the available data on religions of Brazilian journalists with general characteristics of religiosity in the population, based on data presented in Brazilian journalist's profile of 2012 and the Brazilian national census of 2010. The objective is to understand if particularities of the religious experience among journalists can have effects on the coverage of this subject. The issue is relevant because of the sociopolitical and economic consequences of recent changes in religiosity in the country. The data indicate three striking differences among journalists: a) more significant presence of non-practitioners and atheists; b) significantly less participation of Catholics and Evangelicals; and c) greater expressiveness of Spiritists and practitioners of religions of African origin. The text raises the hypothesis that these differences, along with other factors, can explain phenomena such as the relative inattention of journalistic coverage to the growth of the neo-Pentecostal population in the country and the generally positive approaches that spiritism received from the media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

If Vidas Secas is the Graciliano Ramos novel that most directly addresses the issue of poverty and its most striking consequences and as the author himself claims to be a kind of Fabiano in one of his letters, this article seeks to investigate the writer's epistolary universe, in order to understand how this book, published in 1938, pervaded Graciliano's life narrative at the precise moment in which he produced and attempted to distribute some of the chapters-tales that make up the novel. The readings of the author's correspondence, especially the letters addressed to the Argentine translator Benjamin de Garay and his wife Heloísa, revealed not only a man with immense financial problems who was trying to survive as a writer, but also a writer who transformed scarcity into power, finding in words, as Fabiano, the strength necessary to go ahead and dream, like Baleia, of a different world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Historical Villages of Portugal network (nHVP) integrates 12 historical villages of the Central Region of Portugal with a set of distinctive characteristics: history, culture and heritage. These villages, located in ‘low density territories’, registered the effects of human desertification, enhanced by its interiority and desertification. This article presents the work developed within the scope of the PLowDeR project. This project aims to identify a set of indicators that enable the evaluation of the economic and social impact of the touristic activity of the rAHP, in order to facilitate the planning and the formulation of strategies that promote its sustainability. Seven ‘characterization dimensions’ of analysis were identified. These support a set of indicators, organized in nine ‘dimensions of aggregation’. This framework was validated by the stakeholders of the nHVP, using a focus group design, aiming at replicating it to other low density territories. After this validation, data collection and analysis instruments were devised. In this article the framework will be presented, as well as the methodological process followed to reach it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The milk activity in Brazil is characterized by large disparities in productivity between different regions and between farms. Given this, the present study performs an analysis of milk productivity in the West of Paraná, which also presents great heterogeneity regarding milk activity. Using preliminary data from the 2017 Agricultural Census, provided by Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics -- IBGE, an econometric regression is performed to identify which, among economic and technical factors, are the determinants of dairy productivity. As main results it was observed that the technical orientation is one of the factors that can most impact on the increase of milk productivity, besides a minimum level of education necessary for the property manager. Factors such as producer age and pasture area were not statistically significant and some factors considered important in the literature could not be analyzed due to the nature of the data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recognizing the importance of the specificities of each location, the aim of this paper is to analyze the role of universities in innovation systems (IS), taking as a study the case of Cuba and Uruguay. From this analysis, it will be possible to distill concepts that provide useful perspectives for understanding the Brazilian case. The present period brings new dynamics to the capitalist system with consequences for the logic of knowledge production and innovation. Thus, the emergence of a knowledge-based and science-based paradigm and the contradictions imposed by the financialization process have challenged the traditional pattern of insertion of universities in IS. The advancement of financialization over public budgets in countries such as Latin America raises questions related to the financing of public universities. Underlying the cost-benefit logic, additional questions arise regarding the effective social and economic impact of university activities. Universities are compelled to undergo a transitional phase at the global level. This transition, however, is an ongoing process, full of uncertainties and with no single defined directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2015, a major technological disaster occurred in Brazil: The breakdown of a dam in the city of Mariana. When discharged along the Rio Doce basin, the ore debris have generated negative externalities that affected two states: Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo. The objective of this work is to evaluate the impact of the disaster on the economic performance of these States. To this end, synthetic controls were constructed to identify the behavior of the States in the absence of the disaster. In terms of the general manufacturing production, Espírito Santo State had a reduction in 18.22% in comparison with the situation before the disaster, whereas there was no significant impact in Minas Gerais. As for the extractive mineral manufacturing production, both states showed significant decrease of this index as a result of the disaster: Espírito Santo state had a reduction in 25,01%, whereas Minas Gerais exhibited a decrease in 15,58%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the elements that potentiate the economic development of a certain locality becomes necessary in the managerial sciences and planning of touristic destinations. Collaborating with theoretical gaps related to the particular analysis of transport activities and their impact on tourism, this study seeks to identify the economic relations between tourism and road transportation of people in tourist cities, being adopted as a reference the case of Caldas Novas / Goiás / Brazil, one of the main tourist destinations in the country. From the use of economic data and the characteristic of people transportation, statistical models has been used to analyze, for example, the impact of the increase of vehicles to public transport at the gross domestic product of the municipality, demonstrating the levels of impact between the variables considered. Such results can be used to manage the transport activities and for the planning of tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The inappropriate use of antimicrobials promoted multiresistant bacteria. It is estimated that by 2050, around 390,000 people die annually in Europe and around 10 million worldwide as a direct consequence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) (DGS, 2016). It is an economic/social challenge that requires a holistic and multisectoral approach, matching the use of antibiotics to the absolute minimum. According to the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net), Portugal has a high rate of bacterial resistance to antimicrobials. Therefore, the Prevention and Control of Infection and AMR Program has the priority objectives of the reduction of the infection rate associated with health care, promoting the correct use of antimicrobials and reducing the rate of microorganisms with AMR. The objectives of this project are: 1) Reflection on the impact of consumption and AMR; 2) Identify measures implemented to reduce AMR by promoting its rational use; 3) Understand the role of Health Professionals as agents of change in the sustainability of the NHS. The bibliographic research was carried out in the main databases. We conclude that the main agents of change are the physicians, in strict compliance with the NOCS; the pharmaceutical industry by adjusting the number of packages of the antibiotic to the prescription. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The most recent published data confirms that touring cycling is growing and its annual economic impact is around 55 billion euros, becoming a tool for the territory's development, by diversifying the tourist offer and creating new jobs. This development has led many countries to study the economic impact of this type of tourism (Mercat et al., 2011; Weston et al., 2012; Neun et al., 2016; Flusche, 2012 and Rajé et al., 2016). With the purpose of getting to know this reality better, we carried out a review of studies that included scientific papers, statistical reports and literature review articles published since 2008, using the keywords "touring cycling "," cycling "and" economic impact ". The analyzed data confirm an annual economic impact of 44€ billion cycling in Europe, with Germany leading the list of European countries with the largest number of cyclists, with an economic return of € 2,030 million (Weston et al., 2012). In France, the second largest bicycle tourism destination in Europe, 16 500 new jobs were created in 2011 (Weston et al., 2012). In a 2016 study, the EU Cycling Economy estimated that overall cycling in the European Union contributes an economic benefit of 513 billion euros (Neun et al., 2016). But this phenomenon is not unique to Europe. In recent years, the economic benefits of cycling and touring cycling have been monitored in several US states and the results show that Americans spend € 67 billion annually on expenses directly related to cycling (OIA, 2017) and all businesses annually contribute to the US economy at around 110 billion euros, which generates almost 1.1 million jobs (Flusche, 2012). The growth of bicycle use is also having a huge impact on the bicycle industry. Thanks to cycling, the bicycle industry in Europe annually accounts for 5.5 billion euros in Europe (Palos et al., 2014) and 4.8 billion euros in the United States (Flusche, 2012). Regarding the return on investments, several studies report that investments in bicycle infrastructure are rapidly amortized (Zovko, 2013; Weston, 2012). The analyzed data reveals that touring cycling is a growing sector with a massive impact on the economy in countries where conditions for cycling are more developed. Touring cycling has even greater impact on the local economy than conventional tourism, with particular advantage for regions where tourism is residual or non-existent, creating new jobs and helping to fix the local people with relatively low investments (Weston, 2012). Portugal, due to its geographic, historical, cultural heritage and mild climate, has an enormous potential to become one of the main cycling destinations in Europe. But for this we need to make some investments and implement measures that make our country "bike friendly", namely and as suggested by the study of Weston et al. (2012), to develop a cycle lanes' network and their infrastructure to support the cyclist, to improve coordination and cooperation between government and service providers, and to increase the effectiveness of promotion and marketing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The economic point of view is very important to be considered on animal health in livestock production to adopt financial decisions. The diseases can cause production impact, by diseases treatment and infection prevention or by losses efficiency of production process in activity system. This review includes the financial analysis of control costs, options of control and optimal strategy to get better economic efficiency of some specific disease to cattle producers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluated the economic impact of broilers losses by mortality on arrival at the establishment, the incidence of bruises, profile and frequency of occurrence of health changes during slaughter and visual aspects of meat quality of slaughtered and killed broilers during June 2011 and May 2012 - 217 days - and a specific evaluation in two days about welfare procedures (without and with, respectively) in a slaughterhouse under State Inspection in Conceição da Feira - Bahia. Between these specific days, was given basic training on adequate handling for animal welfare to employees executors of related steps, addressing the appropriate actions in every pre slaughter operation and a new assessment was made by comparing the results of two steps. The amount lost in carcasses condemnation was R $ 494,015.18 and the most of these losses (41,21%) can be attributed to technical defects in the slaughter. The post-mortem total condemnations was 17% and partial, 83% of yearly condemnations and the most prevalent causes found were excessive scalding and contusion / fracture, respectively. The daily economic losses was R $ 2,277.00. A large part of expenditures can be attributed to technological defects inside the slaughterhouse. The training with teams responsible for pre slaughter operations and maintenance influences directly the slaughterhouse's losses reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]