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Copyright of Die Urologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJECTIVE: Pleural fluid pH measurement is recommended for tube thoracostomy decisions in complicated parapneumonic pleural effusions. However, pleural fluid pH may be affected by blood pH in critically ill patients with common systemic acid-base disorders. We aimed to investigate the use of pleural fluid lactate to distinguish culture-positive parapneumonic effusions from other pleural effusions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This prospective observational study included 121 eligible patients (51 female and 70 male). All patients with pleural effusion who underwent thoracentesis were assessed. Pleural fluid lactate was measured by a blood gas analyzer. RESULTS: Of the 121 patients, 30 (24.8%) were transudate and 91 (75.2%) were exudate. Of the 91 patients with exudative pleural effusion, 61 were diagnosed as culture-negative parapneumonic, 13 as culture-positive parapneumonic, 9 as malignant, and 8 as other exudative effusion. There was a strong positive linear association between serum pH and pleural fluid pH (R = 0.77, P < .001). The post hoc tests for pleural fluid lactate revealed there was a significant difference between culture-positive parapneumonic versus culture-negative parapneumonic groups (P = .004), culture-positive parapneumonic versus transudative effusion groups (P < .001), culture-negative parapneumonic versus transudative effusion groups (P = .008) and lastly; malignant effusion versus transudative effusion groups (P = .001). Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis for culture-positive parapneumonic indicated a cutoff of 4.55 mmol/L for pleural fluid lactate to have a sensitivity of 76.9% and a specificity of 84.3% (positive predictive value: 37%, negative predictive value: 96.8%). CONCLUSION: A cutoff of 4.55 mmol/L of pleural fluid lactate can be used as a useful tool to distinguish culture-positive parapneumonic effusions from other effusions in critically ill patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Obwohl die Notwendigkeit eines Managements für die Blutversorgung im Krisenfall anerkannt ist, existieren in Deutschland derzeit noch keine bundesweit abgestimmten Maßnahmenpläne für akute oder chronische Versorgungsengpässe. Letztere könnten sich beispielsweise am Blood Supply Contingency and Emergency Plan des European Directorate for the Quality of Medicine & Health (EDQM) von 2022 orientieren. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Normally, horse urine is light-dark yellow and can be thread-like due to its high mucin content. The physiological pH value is 7–9, the urine specific gravity is 1.020–1.050 g/ml. The macroscopic examination of the urine provides important information. Dependent on the amount of fluid intake the colour of urine can range from almost colourless to dark brown discoloration. Furthermore, the colour depends on the substances that are excreted with the urine. The presence of blood in the urine is pathological and called haematuria. In this case, the urine is so heavily contaminated with blood that even blood clots can be excreted. However, if the urine is only reddish in colour, haematuria must be distinguished from haemoglobinuria or myoglobinuria. To differentiate it macroscopically alone can be difficult so that horse owners may wrongly report that their horse has passed bloody urine. The occurrence of haematuria involves a wide range of differential diagnoses that must be systematically clarified. It is essential to differentiate between systemic diseases and those of the urinary system. In the first place a general examination should be carried out. Then it should be followed by a hematological examination and an analysis of the urine. If the urine is collected spontaneously, the midstream urine is most suitable for further investigations, as contaminations have been flushed out before collection. If these investigations result that there is a disease of the urinary tract, transrectal palpation and transrectal and transabdominal sonographic examination should also be performed. Further diagnostic procedures such as urethroscopy and cystoscopy are also indicated. In the following case report, a twenty-three-year-old Oldenburg gelding with macrohematuria was presented. Cystoscopy revealed a mass whose surface was uneven, rough and partly covered with fibrin and blood clots. A transendoscopic biopsy was requested. Depending on the consistency and location of the growth, sampling may be difficult. A temporary perineal urethrotomy facilitates biopsy collection while providing the opportunity for direct visualization of the urinary bladder contents. Perineal urethrotomy is a well-known method in male patients with obstructive urinary tract disease for temporary diversion of urine. In the following case report, this method was performed to obtain a sufficiently large biopsy specimen using uterine biopsy forceps. The results of the mentioned examinations resulted in the diagnosis of a transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) in the urinary bladder. Primary bladder tumors are very rare in horses and often produce a reactive inflammatory change. The urinary tract is lined with transitional cell epithelium, so transitional cell carcinoma can occur in any section, but most commonly in the bladder wall in horses. It must be clarified whether there are already metastases. Depending on the stage, spread and size of this malignant tumour, therapy can be considered. Surgical removal of a bladder tumour in horses is difficult due to the anatomical location of the urinary bladder in the abdominal cavity and the tendency of these tumors to invade the bladder wall. However, various therapeutic approaches have been described in the literature. Authors report chemotherapy, irradiation with a diode laser or surgical ablation of the cancerous tissue and oral application of piroxicam. Pronounced clinical symptoms are only seen at an advanced stage of the tumour, so that the disease is diagnosed mostly too late for a curative approach. However, early diagnosis is crucial for the prognosis and therefore a detailed diagnostic investigation is required in the case of microhaematuria. Because of the late stage of the disease and the poor prognosis the patient of the current report was euthanized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Die Nephrologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Matt 27:25 is one of the most controversial texts in the dialogue between Judaism and Christianity. The author’s goal is to emphasize incorrectness and danger of anti-Judaic and anti-Semitic interpretation of Matt 27:25. That is why the author observes these words in the historical context of the Church in which Matthew’s Gospel was written, while analyzing certain terms used in the text and comparing them to parallel synoptic texts and the rest of the New Testament. The author also reviews the history of the interpretation of Matt. 27:25 and those commentaries considered to be anti-Judaic. The conclusion is that the anti-Judaic reading of Matt. 27:25 is unjustified, as well as certain readings of patristic commentaries of this text that supposedly have anti-Judaic tone. Matt. 27:25 is a text can very well be interpreted as an expression of opportunity for Judaism, and not as the anti-Judaic expression.

This work offers a critical approach to Franz Rosenzweig’s conception of community in The Star of Redemption based on Helmuth Plessner’s political anthropology. First, it presents Plessner’s critique of social radicalism and of the apoliticism of the German spirit, and its parallelism with the Jewish spirit. Second, it delves into the passage from Hegel und der Staat to The Star in a communitarian key. Third, it dwells on the difference between community of blood and community of faith in Rosenzweig, together with his theological-political translation into the distinction between the eternal people and the peoples of the world. Last, as a conclusion, it makes manifest the apoliticism of the Rosenzweigian proposal, and therefore, its incapacity to give an answer to the political problem in Weimar, of which its catastrophic consequences Rosenzweig did not know.

Die Zeiten, in denen nur Laktat und Kreatinkinase als blutbasierte Biomarker für die Belastungssteuerung zur Verfügung standen, sind lange vorbei. Heutzutage steht eine große Anzahl von Biomarkern aus Blut, Urin und Spei)chel zur Verfügung. Ob deren Einsatz zusätzlich zu Trackingsystemen und Fragebögen sinnvoll ist, sollte sorgfältig geprüft werden. Sowohl die Probenentnahme und die Analyse als auch die Interpretation der generierten Daten erfordern Expertise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Rechtsmedizin is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In scholarly exegetical literature, there exists an important debate concerning whether Luke interprets the death of Jesus soteriologically in Luke-Acts. The passages Luke 22:19–20 and Acts 20:28 have been the centre of attention in this discussion. This essay presents a contribution to the debate by focusing on Acts 20:28: Maintaining the primary meaning of the term ἴδιος ("separate," "distinct") the author suggests a new translation of the prepositional phrase διὰ τοῦ αἵµατος τοῦ ἰδίου. The new reading conveys a more ecclesiological interpretation of the death of Jesus and has the advantage of being able to integrate Acts 20:28 into Luke's wider conceptual framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In his De errore profanarum religionum, Firmicus Maternus fiercely attacks the traditional cults of the Roman Empire as well as the mysteries, which he considers to be the invention of the devil and a complete perversion of Christian sacraments. This paper analyses the motif of blood in his work. A close reading of the text reveals that Firmicus applies dichotomic functions to the use of blood in ritual contexts, such as poison and remedy, purity and pollution, and salvation and damnation. These dichotomies serve two purposes for him: First, they allow him to construct clear boundaries between the pagan religion (deliberately constructed as 'one' system and suppressing its diversity) and Christianity as two opposing religious systems. Second, by turning the tables, they allow him to undermine the traditional conceptions concerning ritually used blood. Thus, he presents 'pagan' blood as being venomous, polluting, and only leading on the road to perdition, whereas only the blood of Christ truly has the power to heal, to cleanse, to redeem, and to grant eternal salvation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, folk songs, some important traditional practices and mythological sources relating to blood as well as selected poems of Slovenian poets from Gregorčič to Makarovič and Detela are researched. Presented are the meaning, roles, symbolic and metaphoric dimensions of blood. The focus of the article is based on two philosophical concepts that are thematised in folklore and poetry: the sacred and the profane. It seems that discussing blood is a taboo and therefore we can say that a genuine artistic creation can relevantly depict both perceptions and conceptualisations of blood. The article takes ecocentric and unspeciesistic perspectives to this discussion and criticises the still existing unacceptable ritual practices of perpetuating killing of non-humans and spilling innocent blood.

In accordance with the current German dementia guidelines, the dementia biomarkers amyloid beta 42, the tau peptides total tau and phosphorylated tau 181 are recommended for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-based diagnostics of dementia. Several studies have clearly shown that determination of the amyloid beta 42 to amyloid beta 40 peptide ratio is superior to the interpretation of amyloid beta 42 alone and should be implemented in the clinical work-up; however, in recent years different studies have presented many other innovative CSF and blood-based biomarkers. Besides CSF-based neurochemical diagnostics of dementia promising novel protocols for the detection of amyloid beta peptides in blood have meanwhile been published, which can currently be used in clinical studies for blood-based early diagnostics of Alzheimer's dementia. Following further validation and assay optimization these blood assays should be available for routine diagnostics in the near future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is dedicated to the terms used to denominate bodily fluids in the works of the first Bulgarian naturalist. It is part of an extensive project dedicated to Medieval Bulgarian terminology. The results of the project are presented in the dictionary (ТРЙE / TRJE). The object of the analysis are the terms used to designate the four fluids (кръвь ‘blood’, глѣнъ ‘mucus’, жлътаꙗ кроучина 'yellow bile&' and чрьнаꙗ кроучина that compose the human body. The linguistic material is collected from Hexameron (Aitzetmüller 1958) and De fide Ortodoxa (Sadnik 1967) by John the Exarch. The analysis is based on the concept that terminology is not an autonomous system, but is a subsystem of the literary language. The analysis of the terms is based on their meaning and content. The motivation of the terms is influenced by the Hippocratic doctrine of humor, according to which the abundance of a fluid has an influence on human behavior. At the end of the article, we have concluded that the terms кръвь, глѣнъ, жлътаꙗ кроучина and чрьнаꙗ кроучина are not the contemporary names used for corporal fluids blood, bile, mucus. They are metaphoric names of substances that connect the human body with nature and that rule human emotions and behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mythologies from different parts of the world have always used female characters. Most of these are not positive ones, quite the reverse. Nowadays, our generally accepted attitude towards womanhood and women has barely anything to do with the emotions which were triggered by such mythical creatures as lamias, mermaids or vampires. Furthermore, equal rights are perceived, today, as integral to a healthy society. Yet, there are some aspects of womanhood that are not only absent in public discourse, but also trigger such extreme emotions as fear and disgust. One such trigger is menstrual blood.The aim of this article is to present negative images of the woman in mythology, with all their consequences, as well as to show how feminist reflections and artistic activity negate this understanding of womanhood and sexuality, frequently employing controversial and inconvenient themes in the furtherance of that goal.

Hämatopoetische Stammzellen sollen nach ihrer Transplantation beim Patienten für eine lebenslange, funktionelle Repopulation aller Linien des Blutes sorgen. Um das Potenzial der Stammzellpräparationen zur vollständigen Rekonstitution der Hämatopoese besser abschätzen zu können, ist deren detaillierte Charakterisierung essenziell. Eine Arbeitsgruppe der DGTI soll dafür die Grundlagen schaffen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Derzeit sind 38 Blutgruppensysteme von der International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) anerkannt, denen Polymorphismen in 45 Genen zugrunde liegen. Die meisten dieser Polymorphismen basieren auf Punktmutationen, die zu neuen Antigenen oder dem Fehlen von Antigenen führen. In der Diagnostik kommen bewährte Verfahren, wie die PCR-SSP, und neuere Verfahren, wie das Next Generation Sequencing, zum Einsatz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Der Pneumologe is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of SSEM-Journal is the property of Schwiez Zschr Sportmed Sporttraumatologie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article informs on the classification principle of the immune system. It mentions classification is based on the distinction between innate versus acquired immune systems, and to detect hormones in the blood in the lowest concentrations using immunoassays and to produce specific drugs against tumor antigens or infectious agents such as SARS-CoV-2 on an industrial scale.

Ethiopian magical texts abound in their inclusion of magical formulae for binding slaves (maʾǝsärä ǝgr, ‘the tying of feet’), used with the intention of preventing, usually a slave, from running away. This paper will embark on a description of binding magic, the context of their uses and highlight the role of the däbtära, whose ‘in betwixt’ status enables him to cross rigid boundaries of traditional power structures in Christian Ethiopian culture.

The paper aims at discussing the two overarching topics of Carter’s short story collection: love and death. The primary focus is on the language and the imagery in the texts, and the metaphors and symbols employed. Special attention will be given to the images of food and eating habits as they are contrasted with or mirror the images of the body and the sexual act, the carnal aspect of both the characters and the situations being emphasized. In connection to this, something will be said about how the author uses recurrent symbols such as smells, colors and flowers.

Copyright of SSEM-Journal is the property of Schwiez Zschr Sportmed Sporttraumatologie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The way Plato constructs his concept of psukhè appears to be inscribed in a controversy against Empedocles. A plethora of echoes to the agrigentine poem can be read in the Timaeus, the Phaedo and the Phaedrus, such as references to the harmonic summetria of mixtures, to the arborescent network of poroi or conduits in the body run through by effluences, or the plant metaphors of seeding, germination, growing, rooting and outrooting. But if Plato borrows bodily and physical devices from Empedocles (for whom there is no soul) it is paradoxically to reject the underlying immanentism of these devices: for “what thinks”, should it be called soul or not, cannot be material, neither heterogeneous and proceed from a mixture, nor conceived as similar to sensitiveness.

Copyright of Der Pathologe is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The body and the stigma. Defloration as an act of building femininity The paper offers an analysis of the cultural meanings of the bodily attributes and practices related to virginity and defloration; the most important are “bloodstains” (a sign of the loss of virginity) and “penetration” (regarded as the only “true” form of sexual intercourse). The obligation to present the defloration and the shame that accompanies it are the vantage point to the analysis of the forms of stigmatizing femininity. A deconstruction of the meanings acquired by penetration led me to a conclusion that the cause-effect relation between gender and culturally defined sexual practices (including sexual orientation) is not only inseparable, but also different than it has usually been thought. It is not the gender that determines an individual’s sexuality, but the culturally imposed sexual practices build the gender. Ciało i piętno. Defloracja jako wytwarzanie kobiecości Artykuł poświęcony jest kulturowym znaczeniom cielesnych atrybutów i praktyk związanych z dziewictwem i defloracją. Szczególne miejsce wśród nich zajmuje plama krwi jako znak obwieszczający utratę dziewictwa oraz penetracja powszechnie uważana za jedyny „prawdziwy” seks. Przymus uwidocznienia defloracji oraz wstyd z tym związany traktuję jako punkt wyjścia do rozważań na temat piętnowania kobiecości. Dekonstrukcja narosłych wokół penetracji znaczeń pozwala z kolei dostrzec, że związek przyczynowo-skutkowy między płcią kulturową a kulturowo definiowanymi praktykami seksualnymi – w tym orientacją seksualną – jest nie tylko nierozerwalny, ale i odwrotny, niż zwykło się sądzić. To nie płeć kulturowa decyduje o seksualności jednostki, lecz kulturowo wymuszone praktyki seksualne produkują płeć.

Blood is, by nature, the vital and deadly substance which feeds the Chanson de Geste. Gathering a large range of symbolic and cultural strata, this polysemic fluid can either serve to embody the principle of continuity of the genealogical memory or to serve as the conveyor of the impure blood that runs through the veins of the cursed lineages of pagans or traitors. Tainted by the mark of ancestral taboos that shake the poetic discourse ( as with the vision of the blood that women shed, for example) or assigning the dangers of an open wound which threatens the integrity of the epic hero transformed into a sacrificial victim whose blood, shed on the battlefield, purifies and regenerates the space conquered by the Christian logos, blood creates and transmits a paradoxical imaginary which is both projected and reflected in the lineage and in the language, which reflects in the epic poetry itself. Hence the fact that in Old French, blood becomes an hypostasis of sens (meaning) by means of a marvelous homophony which seals as one the common fortune of both the substances and determines the particularly striking and unique poetics of blood which we can detect in the study and analysis of an atypical epic poem composed somewhere between the end of the 12th century and the beginnings of the 13th century, La Bataille Loquifer.

Copyright of Archiv für Kriminologie is the property of Schmidt-Roemhild Verlag and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Rechtsmedizin is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Rechtsmedizin is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Laboratory Medicine / Laboratoriums Medizin is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Epileptologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Human albumin (HA) is by far the most expensive option for volume replacement and correction of hypoalbuminemia but is still widely used. The value of HA in the clinical setting continues to be controversial and it remains unclear whether there is still a place for using such a high-priced substance in the present cost-consciousness climate. Thus the Medical Council has presented some recommendations with regard to blood and plasma products including HA. There appear to be no indications for HA to correct hypovolemia either perioperatively or in the intensive care setting including children and patients undergoing cardiac or liver surgery. For maintaining colloid oncotic pressure (COP) cheaper modern synthetic colloids can be alternatively given and the value of HA for correcting hypoalbuminemia is also not clearly justified. Some small uncontrolled studies have shown that only patients with liver cirrhosis, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and massive ascites drainage may profit from HA. Theoretical benefits such as oxygen radical scavenging or binding of toxic substances are no indications for using HA as benefical clinical consequences have not yet been demonstrated. Experimental data from cell lines or animals must be viewed with skepticism because they do not mimic the clinical setting. According to the recommendations of the scientific advisory board of the Medical Council the use of HA should be considered very cautiously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Notfall & Rettungsmedizin is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Over the past 10 years, the status of laboratory analysis in dementia has increasingly changed from its use for exclusion diagnoses for secondary causes of dementias to determining positive diagnoses of neurodegenerative dementias. This especially applies to the cerebrospinal fluid diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Just a few years ago, a lumbar puncture was advised only with sufficiently founded clinical suspicion and with higher priority for the exclusion of inflammatory causes of cognitive dementias. In contrast, pathologically changed biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid have already been indexed as supportive attributes of the diagnosis in the 2007 amended research criteria of AD. The lumbar puncture is therefore increasingly becoming part of the clinical routine diagnosis of demential processes and has, to some extent, far-reaching consequences. In this article, we discuss some of the important aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The article reports that the devices are currently being developed and methods rather towards optimizing existing test procedures as well in expanding the range for different target groups and laboratory sizes. It notes that the fully automatic machines for immunohematology determine blood groups and identify any irregular ones that may be present. It states that antibodies to prevent blood transfusion ensure the compatibility of the blood of the donor and recipient.