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The main goal of this paper is to contribute to an overall understanding of the phenomenon of globalisation of higher education. Given that in our country the globalisation of higher education has been approached without attempting to provide a more comprehensive definition of the phenomenon, in the first part of the paper, the basic elements and domains that provide the basis for a more complete definition of the globalisation of higher education will be listed and a difference will be made in relation to similar phenomena, such as internationalisation and Europeanisation. Apart from a more comprehensive understanding of globalisation by pointing out its epistemological foundations in the papers from the end of the 20th century, which the domestic scientific public did not pay enough attention to, the paper also provides an overview of approaches to the study of the impact of globalisation on higher education, both the initial ones, which were developed by international organisations, and the academic ones, which enabled a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon of globalisation of higher education. By contributing to a more comprehensive definition of the observed phenomenon, in this paper we intend to contribute to a broader understanding of the phenomenon of globalisation relative to the current view in which globalisation is understood as a modern phenomenon and its impact on higher education is observed after a certain period in which it supposedly arises. The paper affirms the claim that globalisation is just a new name for a phenomenon that has existed in modern civilisation for much longer than the end of the 20th century, and the expansion of higher education contributed to its genesis.

Critical thinking is one of the key 21st century skills. It is considered to be one of the fundamental learning outcomes, which makes it a topic of many discussions on the concept of quality in higher education. Consequently, many ways have been developed to encourage the development of critical thinking and problem-based learning is one of them. In this paper we start from terminological definitions of the concepts related to the problem-solving learning and critical thinking in order to shed more light on their correlation in the context of learning in higher education. The authors of the paper show the impact of the problem-solving learning on encouraging students’ critical thinking by analyzing the results of theoretical and empirical research of the above-mentioned problem area. Apart from advantages, we point out the disadvantages in terms of additional research in the context of higher education, as well as conceptual consideration of the critical thinking concept.

The goal of this paper is to examine the difference in dimensions of online university teaching relative to the domain of education. The dimensions of online teaching correspond to the theoretical model of community of inquiry framework developed in the year 2000 by Garrison, Anderson and Archer and comprise teaching, social and cognitive presence. The paper presents an international quantitative research carried out in the school year 2021/2022 and using survey technique among students (N=808) from Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Slovenia, Romania, and Russia. A modified version of an instrument for examining online instruction and its dimensions was applied and tested, while the analysis of the internal consistency of this instrument showed a high level of reliability (α=0,941). The Kruskal-Wallis test demonstrated that there are statistically significant differences among the dimensions of online teaching in relation to the field of education. The highest score is consistently observed in the field of Social sciences and humanities, followed by the field of Engineering and technology, Natural sciences and mathematics, Art and interdisciplinary studies, whereas the lowest scores are observed in the field of Medical sciences. The results indicate the specificities of each educational field that were not recognized and taken into consideration by educational technology in its universal approach, which implies the necessity of creating educational technology that would be relevant for different educational fields, as well as focusing on a combination of online instruction and on-site teaching and learning.

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Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL), uses technology to facilitate the engagement of students from different countries in collaborative coursework and sharing of cultural perspectives. The existing literature concerning COIL exchanges points to the need to further explore student satisfaction and engagement with such exchange projects, and whether course learning outcomes are being achieved. This practice paper describes a COIL exchange between students of health psychology at Mary Immaculate College, Ireland, and Sacred Heart University, in the United States. During this 10-week project students were required to engage in synchronous and asynchronous activities. Following the completion of the COIL project, students were given a questionnaire to assess their course satisfaction and whether learning outcomes were achieved. Findings indicate that students were satisfied with the exchange and learning outcomes were met. Overall, COIL may serve as another teaching approach to help students learn course specific material, understand multicultural viewpoints, and enhance their professional skill set.

Copyright of Revue Tiers Monde is the property of Librairie Armand Colin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The goal of the paper is to present the possibilities of using crowdfunding in entrepreneurship education in higher education institutions and investigating the impact of this activity on the development or strengthening of entrepreneurial traits and attitudes of students. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The research problem concerns the use of crowdfunding in entrepreneurship education. The method applied to solve the research problem was a diagnostic survey. Questionnaires were completed by 314 full-time students and 34 academic teachers. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The process of reasoning starts with the presentation of the research method. Next, methods of the entrepreneurship education are described. Afterwards, research results are presented. The paper ends with conclusions and recommendations. RESEARCH RESULTS: In the opinion of students and academic teachers developing a crowdfunding projects by students, with the special emphasis on the action plan, might be an important didactic method in entrepreneurial education. It also has significant impact on the development or strengthening students’ ability to take advantage of opportunities. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS: The conclusions allow for verifying the thesis that crowdfunding might be used in an effective entrepreneurship education in higher education institutions. It is recommended to consider its inclusion in a wide range of methods used in entrepreneurship education.

Copyright of Lien Social et Politiques is the property of Institut National de Recherche Scientifique (INRS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper will describe the development of universities in Latvia from 1950’s to nowadays. The higher education system experienced changes along with the political transformations of the country. Latvia was incorporated in the Soviet Union in 1940, regained its independence in 1991 and joined EU in 2004. Since 2012 Latvia is a fully fledged participant of the European Higher Education Area. The paper will describe the transformations of universities in Latvia from the perspective of a cultural learning theory and transfer of knowledge defined by Gita Steiner-Khamsi. It will provide the reference to an external education model, its modification and metamorphosis into a local educational model. Latvia as a small country and relatively new culture had found itself in the situation to learn from the cultural experiences of countries that have longer experience of democracy and had to overtake the ideas of the education systems from other countries and adopt them to the local needs.

Brazil stands out at the global level for having implemented several policies intending to promote agroecology as a productive paradigm for small-holder farmers. However, the impacts of this process of institutionalization of agroecology still lack research and debates that evaluate the effectiveness of these policies. In this paper, we assess and discuss the impacts of a policy specifically focused on education in agroecology, the support to the establishment of Centers for the Study of Agroecology and Organic Production (NEAs) in higher education institutions throughout Brazil. NEAs bring together teachers, researchers, and students who engage in teaching, research, and extension activities in partnerships with peasant farmers, their organizations, and rural extension workers. The hypothesis that guides our analysis is that this support to establish NEAs allowed redistribution of symbolic power in the universities where they were established, supporting agroecology to gain greater legitimacy inside and outside the university field. Based on an in-depth study of four NEAs, the NEAs are evaluated from the perspective of social fields in dispute. Our findings suggest that the State support to university groups dedicated to the promotion of agroecology has allowed the construction of what we have named agroecological spaces, which symbolically dispute the dominant paradigms in educational institutions, supporting the constitution of agroecological territories.

While it is appealing to consider the potential benefits of incorporating virtual exchange and other technology-based tools when designing a learning experience, it is irresponsible to assume that technology in-and-of itself has the power to improve learning outcomes. Research-supported pedagogy and theory must form the basis of any attempt to incorporate virtual exchange into a learning activity. This paper presents a detailed examination of an undergraduate liberal arts course built on research-supported theories and practices to support learning outcomes, including collaborative cognitive load theory, the cognitive theory of multimedia learning, and instruction based on self-explanation and self-reflection. Initial assessment of the course suggests success in achieving learning outcomes related to critical thinking and intercultural discourse but highlights the need for objective data to support these claims. As virtual exchange gains momentum, it is necessary to continually assess and improve its utilization to guarantee its educational value.

The scientific goal of the paper is to present the issue of the development of internationalization “abroad” in Polish and Ukrainian higher education. The leading research method is a comparative method, specifically the method of international comparison. The authors focus on the national and institutional level comparison of the development of internationalization "abroad" in Polish and Ukrainian higher education systems. In addition to the comparative method, the authors applied the method of secondary research (desk research), the method of description and analysis and critique of the scientific literature. By using the source materials and indicated numerical data, it is possible to verify the thesis. The process of reasoning in the article was conducted in the following stages. First, the definition of internalization in higher education was given with respect to Polish and Ukrainian approach. Next, the stages in the development of internationalization “abroad” in Polish and Ukrainian higher education were featured. Afterwards, the development process of internationalization was presented on the background of processes occurring in the European Higher Education Area. The paper ends with conclusions. The conclusions drawn in the paper allowed to verify the thesis. In both countries, Poland and Ukraine, the diversity of activities in frame of internationalization "abroad” occur. Among these activities mobility of students and academic teachers remain the most visible in Poland as well as in Ukraine. The development of internationalization "abroad" in relation to mobility of projects, programmes and providers seems to be more advanced in Poland.

Higher Education is currently undergoing relentless change worldwide in order to respond effectively to the aspirations of the 21st century. Consequently, prevalent literature in Higher Education calls for more emphasis on the studentsʼ learning process through increased metacognition and critical reflection. This paper starts off with the assumption that learning takes place through the integration of thinking, feeling and acting. As a result, this paper will present a model of teaching and learning in Higher Education through the integrated use of Vee Heuristics and Concept Mapping. This research will suggest that when using Concept Maps, Vee Heuristics along with an awareness of how students prefer to learn, the students will go through a metacognitive learning process which would eventually lead to critical reflection and meaningful learning. Using University studentsʼ work products, this study traces the effect of a learnerʼs mental operations on the learnerʼs use of Vee Heuristics and Concept Mapping as the learner embeds and retrieves new and scaffolded knowledge. The data collected reveals the powerful effect which this combination of learning tolos yielded on student achievement and transformation.

This paper first describes the characteristics of the online learning system that was studied and analyses how learners participate in the various activities on which it is based (information sharing, discussions on forums, collaborative tasks, virtual meetings). It thus aims to establish how these activities and the support provided contribute in fostering persistence and involvement in the learning process, and the creation of a learning community. The data gathered and the points of view the learners expressed enable conclusions to be drawn regarding the engagement, the friendliness and trust that were developed. The paper concludes on the interest of the chosen approach and on its relatively few weaknesses, along with pointers to improving its effectiveness and a consideration of its potential for working in other contexts.

In this paper, we briefly dissert past pandemics throughout history before addressing Covid-19. The objective is to describe the effects it has had on higher education and especially language, translation, and research teaching, as well as the challenges that have been faced with shifting from face-to-face lessons to online learning with help from information technologies. The advantages and disadvantages of this educational approach in a postgraduate context are reviewed, and the solutions that had to be implemented to offer quality education and avoid negative consequences for students’ learning. This project explains the strategies applied by the authorities, professors, and students at the Universidad Veracruzana. It is a qualitative interpretative study in which the data was collected through semi-structured interviews. The most interesting findings were the writing and speaking improvements of the students, given the thorough review from their professors and peers. Moreover, they learned to construct their knowledge and become more autonomous in search of solutions to the problems during confinement. At the same time, the professors learned to operate multiple e-learning platforms so as not to stay behind. In conclusion, all involved learned to be more resilient and positively look at life, despite the obstacles.

Service-learning is growing gradually in European higher education. It aims to instil a sense of civic engagement and responsibility in students and work towards positive social change within society while developing curricular competencies. For some advocates, Paulo Freire’s workings would serve as a theoretical anchor for service-learning since he imagined education as fostering a critical and active citizenry. This paper addresses the influence his writings have had on European practitioners. Qualitative data collected by the EOSLHE has been analysed and a content analysis was made of the descriptive summaries of 144 experiences. The Freirean notion of seminar applied to service-learning systematises popular wisdom and contributes to a new sense of evolving the social identities of the students toward a fairer society.

In French higher education, training is usually tailored to the logic of disciplinary contents. This paper reports on a study addressing a system aimed at student’s acquisition of competencies. The investigation focuses on the representations and expectations developed by students in a higher level course in management and ICT, in response to the prescriptions of the competency framework of the system. They work in one of two possible forms (distance/presence) and their responses are compared. The paper first abstract the organizing principles of the system (multipartners consortium with shared resources, design articulating training, logistics, end-user approach, hybrid forms and differentiated instrumentation of learning processes. The second part describes the theoretical and methodological approach of the investigation with the two groups. The third part explains the results. Some were expected: instrumentation (whether physical or symbolic) perceived as more informational at distance, more socio-relational in presence. Other results are counter-intuitive: reversal between distance/presence students of expected appraisals concerning the constraints and flexibility of the system. Within the system, the study reveals structural connections between criteria nationwide (generic training offer) and local (adjustment to regional socioeconomic features, individual student follow up). Various forms of learning instrumentation are identified beyond basic technological informational levels. They clarify problems of the training environments which hybrid different forms of pedagogy unheeding of consequences in terms of work reorganization and learning follow-up.

ResumenEste artículo de revisión presenta el análisis de algunas prácticas de lectura y escritura académicas en la universidad colombiana, conocidas por diversos medios (bases de datos, memorias en páginas web y en cd-rom de congresos, coloquios, encuentros y seminarios). Pretende aportar a la reflexión y el diálogo académi- co entre profesionales de la educación, a partir de experiencias en campos problemáticos específicos. Los resultados se susten- tan en el análisis de 40 trabajos de investigación (algunos de ellos se reseñan) en los que es posible identificar: 1) Temática, 2) Institución, 3) Población sujeto, 4) Situación problemática, 5) Reconocimiento de los marcos teóricos de referencia y explici- tación de la metodología, 6) Presentación de resultados. Esta revisión, enmarcada en la investigación interinstitucional finan- ciada por Colciencias ¿Para qué se lee y escribe en la universidad colombiana? Un aporte a la consolidación de la cultura académi- ca, busca exponer las problemáticas que, de manera particular, han reconocido los diferentes investigadores y sus grupos con el propósito de mostrar cómo esta investigación interinstitucional acoge inquietudes e interrogantes, en relación con los procesos lectores y escritores, en la educación superior.AbstractThis review paper presents the analysis of certain scholarly reading and writing practices at Colombian universities, as found in various databases and proceedings of congresses, colloquia, seminaries, and meetings that are available online or on CD-ROM. It aims to contribute to the academic dia- logue among educations professionals by putting forward experiences in specific fields. The results are based on the analysis of 40 research papers, some of which are summa- rized, that allowed identifications of: 1) Topic, 2) Institution, 3) Population subject, 4) Situation of the problem, 5) Rec- ognition of theoretical framework and methodology made explicit, 6) Presentation of results. This review, part of the Colciencias-funded inter-institutional research project What to read and write for at Colombian universities? A contribu- tion to the consolidations of scholarly culture, seeks to put forward the problems recognized by the different scholars and their groups, in order to explain how this inter-institu- tional research project treats questions raised in relation to the reading and writing processes in higher education.RésuméCet article de révision présente l'analyse de quelques pra- tiques académiques de lecture et d'écriture à l'université colombienne, elles sont connues par plusieurs moyens (bases des données, archives sur sites web et en cd-rom de congrès, colloques, rencontres, et séminaires). L'article prétend contribuer à la réflexion et le dialogue académique entre professionnels de l'éducation, à partir des expérien- ces dans les domaines problématiques spécifiques. Les ré- sultats se sont nourris de l'analyse de quarante travails de recherche (parmi d'eux quelques uns ont des descriptions) dans lesquelles il est possible d'identifier : 1) la thémati- que, 2) l'institution, 3) la population choisie 4) la situation problématique, 5) l'identification des cadres théoriques de référence et d'explicitation de la méthodologie, 6) la pré- sentation des résultats. Cette révision est encadrée dans la recherche interinstitutionnelle financée par Colciencias Qu'est ce que lire et écrire dans l'Université colombienne ? Une contribution à la consolidation de la culture acadé- mique, la révision vise présenter les problématiques que, d'une façon particulière, les chercheurs et leurs groupes ont reconnues avec l'objectif de montrer comment cette recherche interinstitutionnelle accueille des inquiétudes et des questionnements par rapport aux processus de lecture et d'écriture, dans l'éducation supérieure.ResumoEste artigo de revisão apresenta a análise de certas práticas de leitura e escrita acadêmicas na universidade colombiana, conhecidas por diversos meios (bancos de dados, memórias em páginas web, cd-rom de congressos, conferências, en- contros e seminários). Pretende proporcionar reflexão e diá- logo acadêmico entre profissionais da educação, a partir de experiências em áreas problemáticas específicas. Os resul- tados se sustentam na análise de 40 trabalhos de pesquisa (alguns deles estão resenhados) nos quais se podem identifi- car: 1) Temàtica, 2) Instituição, 3) População Sujeito, 4) Situ- ação problemática, 5) Reconhecimento dos marcos teóricos de referência e explicitação da metodologia, 6) Apresenta- ção de resultados. Esta revisão, contextualizada na pesquisa interinstitucional financiada por Colciencias Para quê se lê y se escreve na universidade colombiana? Uma contribuição à consolidação da cultura acadêmica, busca expor as proble- máticas que de maneira particular foram reconhecidas pelos vários pesquisadores e por seus grupos com o propósito de mostrar como esta pesquisa interinstucional acolhe preocu- pações e perguntas relacionadas aos processos de leitura e de escrita no ensino superior.

The internationalization of higher education as an important aspect of a country’s development potential is manifested through the mobility of students and university staff through joint research, international projects, the development of new curricula and the implementation of new approaches to teaching and learning. The paper presents the results of examining students’ attitudes towards the internationalization of higher education. The aim of the research is to examine students’ general attitude as well as to examine differences in attitudes between medical students and students of education. The research was conducted on a sample of 325 students, of which 168 (51.69%) are future class teachers and preschool teachers students and 157 (48.30%) students, future medical doctors and medical technicians. The sample included students from 2 faculties of teacher education, one medical faculty and one high medical school in Serbia. An attitude scale constructed for the purposes of this research was used to collect data. The results show that there are more students who have positive attitudes towards the internationalization of higher education. There were significant differences in attitudes towards the internationalization of higher education between students of education and students of medical sciences (p

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the paper is to assess the efficiency of the active forms (Quiz, One Pager, the World Café, Visualization: Mind Mapping, Interactive lecture-discussion) used within the European studies for PhD students on ensuring quality of higher education. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The empirical material of the research was collected by questionnaire with the direct participation of the authors. The respondents were asked to rate each of the active forms on a Likert scale from 1 to 5 points in order to obtain a rating scale for each of the active forms. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The main professional and general competencies of PhD degree seekers (ability to analyse, evaluate and synthesize new and complex ideas; ability to apply knowledge in practical situations; ability to work in a team etc) can be developed using the active forms of training. RESEARCH RESULTS: The study showed that active forms are effective for the European studies and development of the professional competence of PhDs. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The active forms are promising for PhD students’ training, especially for the instruction of complex knowledge and the formation of transversal competencies. No less important is the conclusion about the need to use a set of methods that together ensure the implementation of the full range of educational tasks.

The lockdown of higher education institutions in the European spring semester 2020 required an emergency migration to online teaching. Although support was offered to lecturers, the necessity to adapt to the situation remained in charge of them. This particular situation offers the opportunity to better understand the complexity of the challenge faced by the teachers and the possible evolution of their relationship to digital education. The main goal of this paper is to highlight the teachers’ first reactions, their priorities, and any changes in their relationship to educational technologies. Lecturers and teachers from three universities (N= 616) from the Upper Rhine region in Switzerland and France completed an online survey just after the spring 2020 lockdown. The questionnaire asked them about their practices and their feelings over three periods: before the lockdown, the period of switching to online lessons, and after lockdown. The first results show the effects produced by this massive use of online education and first and foremost the need to maintain the relationship with the students. They also suggest that the pandemic has improved the acceptability of online education, without ensuring its sustainable adoption.

Blended course modalities combine synchronous activities (face-to-face or in virtual classrooms) with asynchronous online activities, and they represent a fertile ground for enhancing student engagement. However, studying student engagement in these environments requires the development of a measurement scale, which is the purpose of this paper. This new measurement scale for student engagement in blended course modalities (EMEECH) provides researchers and instructors with tools for assessing student engagement in blended course modalities (blended, blended online, or blended synchronous) from a multidimensional perspective. This article presents the scale development, along with validity evidence for its internal structure obtained through exploratory factor and internal consistency analyses, based on diversified data from three universities. A first sample (n1=234) allowed for identifying three dimensions of student engagement: emotional-cognitive, social, and behavioral. A second sample (n2=231) provided further evidence of the internal structure of the new scale by confirming its factorial structure and its superior internal consistency.

The academic transition between school and university mathematics is challenging for many students, due to the nature of mathematics. This paper reports on the results of a study in which the Coping Styles Questionnaire (CSQ) was distributed to 186 first-year mathematicians. Barely-remarkable gender differences were found in students’ responses, which might suggest that gender stereotypes in mathematics may not be as extreme as many believe. Furthermore, findings suggest that questionnaires such as the CSQ could be used to identify students’ coping styles and consequently help them adopt effective coping strategies for the secondary-tertiary mathematics transition.

Based on a language for modelling personal learning environments (PLE) of higher education students that we have developed (Felder, sous presse), this explorative research aims to evaluate the potential of PLE models of students generated by the researcher as an intermediate object between the student and himself (reflexivity). The Personal Learning Environment Modelling Language (MEPA) supported by a generic model of the PLE allows students’ verbalized representations of their PLE to be visually objectified. A longitudinal study of 15 students validated the expressiveness of these PLE models and evaluated the reflexive potential of the models on students. Approached from the perspective of conceptual change theory, the study presented in this paper highlights the heuristic potential of models. The results show that students recognize the intelligibility, plausibility and fruitfulness of the modelling and that for some students, the objectification of their PLE has generated conceptual changes. This use of PLE models by learners could help to develop their autonomy, particularly by allowing them to recognize their person-plus.

The overall goal of our project consists of the literature review on tutoring and learning support in distance higher education, published in French and English. In this paper, we describe the first step of this project, accomplished for three following objectives : (1) constitute an open documentary database on tutoring and learning support of distance learners ; (2) analyze the concepts of distance learner support and learning support in French-speaking and English-speaking perspectives ; (3) present an overall view of the publications contained in the database. The hermeneutic methodology of the literature review process (Boell & Cecez-Kecmanovic, 2014), allowed us to clarify the notion of learner/learning support in both perspectives and to focus the literature review on the subject of learning support/ tutoring in distance programs and courses. The database, available for free access on the web, includes 486 publications on this subject. The results present an overview of the research in both French-speaking and English-speaking perspectives and its evolution between 1974 and 2016, taking into account the organizational and institutional context of distance courses and programs (distance-teaching university vs. on-campus teaching university).

This paper presents the seven-step approach to maximizing the evidence of validity that led to the development of the Questionnaire sur la tricherie aux examens à l’université (QTEU) [Questionnaire on Cheating in University Exams (QCUE)]. Composed of 28 items divided into 7 factors (propensity to cheat in exams, peer influence, cheating methods, institutional context, perception of control, performance goal, and commitment to one’s studies), the QCUE design was based on a comprehensive conceptual analysis of the scientific literature on cheating in exams, and on the work of Frenette, Hébert, Thibodeau, and Ndinga (2018) on how to develop a questionnaire maximizing the accumulation of validity evidence. With good psychometric properties, the QCUE meets a need for a French-language questionnaire on the propensity to cheat in exams and allows to measure the scope of cheating among university students.

This paper addresses the issue of sustainability in online learning in higher education. It introduces and discusses a five-level framework for helping higher education institutions to make the transition from enterprise to sustainable policy and practice in online learning. In particular, it responds to evidence in the literature regarding the lack of sustainability in online learning in higher education. Influenced by Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, this framework is characterized by three different clusters: basic needs, institutional motivation, and stakeholders’ motivations. It is presented hierarchically within five different levels. Examples are provided for each of the levels and suggestions are given to how institutions should respond to each level. Cet article traite de la question de la durabilité dans l’apprentissage en ligne pour l’éducation supérieure. Un cadre de travail à cinq niveaux y est introduit et fait l’objet d’une discussion. Ce cadre a pour but d’aider les établissements d’enseignement supérieur à faire la transition des initiatives complexes aux politiques et pratiques durables en matière d’apprentissage en ligne.. Ce cadre répond notamment aux données probantes de la documentation concernant le manque de durabilité dans l’apprentissage en ligne pour l’éducation supérieure. Influencé par la hiérarchie des besoins de Maslow, le cadre se caractérise par trois grappes différentes : les besoins de base, la motivation de l’établissement et les motivations des intervenants. Il est présenté de façon hiérarchique, en cinq niveaux différents. Des exemples sont fournis pour chacun des niveaux, et des suggestions sont offertes sur la manière dont les établissements devraient réagir à chaque niveau.

Europe’s higher education systems are struggling to respond to the established mass demand for higher education, especially given the proportional decline in available resources per student and, more generally the demand for an ever longer education and reduction of the population of working age due to demographic decline. In addition, growing student mobility puts pressure on admission systems to set up relevant procedures for applicants who wish to enter a country. Admission systems to higher education constitute one key element in the mitigation of these challenges. Admissions can regulate student flows, and play a key role in guaranteeing the acquisition of skills in higher education by matching student profiles to their desired courses of study. This article puts European admission systems in perspective. The issue of regulation of student mobility is topical, given the broader and salient discussion on migration flows in Europe. The article uses international comparisons with systems such as the US, Australia and Japan, to provide a critical overview of the role of admission systems in an often overlooked but yet fundamental part of the European Higher Education Area, namely student mobility. The paper also argues for the creation of an information-sharing EU registry on admissions practices for mobile students.

Enhancing critical thinking is a common goal of higher education. Designing and facilitating learning environments in which critical thinking may develop is a key responsibility for instructors. In this paper, we seek to inform future research and practice by investigating instructional strategies that could be used to promote critical and reflective thinking in asynchronous online discussions. Our literature review was qualitative and systematic, and focused specifically on strategies that were effective in fully-online higher education contexts. Thematic analysis was used to synthesize the findings and conclusions from the various studies into recurrent themes and sub-themes. The results of the analysis indicated that practitioners should employ a multi-step approach to facilitating critical thinking and reflection in asynchronous online discussions. Implications for future research and practice are discussed. Améliorer la pensée critique est un objectif courant de l’éducation supérieure. Concevoir et faciliter des environnements d’apprentissage dans lesquels la pensée critique peut se développer est une responsabilité importante pour les instructeurs. Dans cet article, nous cherchons à renseigner les études et les pratiques futures en examinant les stratégies didactiques qui pourraient être utilisées pour promouvoir une pensée critique et réfléchie dans les discussions asynchrones en ligne. Notre examen des publications a été qualitatif et systématique. Il a été particulièrement axé sur les stratégies qui étaient efficaces dans les contextes d’éducation supérieure entièrement en ligne. L’analyse thématique a servi à synthétiser les résultats et les conclusions des différentes études en thèmes et thèmes sous-jacents récurrents. Les résultats de l’analyse indiquent que les intervenants devraient se servir d’une approche en plusieurs étapes pour promouvoir la pensée critique et réfléchie dans les discussions asynchrones en ligne. Une discussion de ce que cela implique pour les recherches et la mise en pratique est incluse.

This paper is a narrative inquiry into my academic experience as an international student in three different countries: the United Kingdom, the United States of America, and Canada. It is an analysis of how formal pedagogical spaces sustain epistemic coloniality. This study also serves as an example of practicing epistemic disobedience, which begins with a recognition of problematic representations and relations within celebrated diversity and inclusion narratives of academic institutions.

Culture clubs are student associations based around ethnic, cultural, or linguistic identities, such as the Persian club or Asian Union. At large postsecondary institutions in Canada, between 10-20% of student-run clubs, serving tens of thousands of ethnic minority students, are dedicated to some facet of culture. This paper describes this phenomenon and challenges the popular view of these organizations as self-segregated ethnic enclaves (Findley & Kohler, 2010) by investigating the diversity of identities within one particular club for Russian speakers. Drawing on poststructuralist theory (Block, 2007, 2010) which views individuals’ identities as multiple, dynamic and contingent, we discuss the lived experiences of three focal club members whose multiple positionings complicate notions about who joins such clubs and the role they play within institutions.

The importance of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in nowadays business reality is constantly growing thanks to many factors, including the important promotional effort at all possible authorities levels and increasing educational effort of universities and in particular of business schools. Since there is no commonly accepted guideline/curriculum/content of social responsibility (SR) education, business schools at higher education institutions (HEIs) start to develop their own approaches on SR education. This paper aims to present the general background of CSR education with particular emphasis on its enhancements existing in EU and other countries or continents. Its ambition is also to offer a picture of CSR related educational activities launched by Polish HEIs and to present its evaluation by students. The first goal will be accomplished with the literature study and the review of initiatives publicly disclosed by the authorities, NGOs and finally by HEIs themselves. The second ambition will be completed with the outcomes of the survey conducted by the author in Gdańsk University of Technology (GUT), Faculty of Management and Economics (FME). The conclusions of this work allow to propose recommendations to be implemented in the SR education in the future.

This paper presents some results of a R+D project entitled “e Learning system for Practical Training of University students in Education Faculties (ForELearn)”, developed in Spain by the Universidad de Granada and the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid and funded by the Spanish Ministry of Education. In a first phase, through the use of AulaWeb Learning Management System, a set of adaptations and improvements of this software application have been done for the design and development of an experimental course of Practicum supervision. Next, the implementation of this course by means of a group of face to face and online seminars provides experimental data for the analysis and discussion about the point of view of users (preservice teachers) that have tracked their practice supervision with AulaWeb.

The recent “opening” of higher education institutions (HEI) to “new publics” raises some questions: first of all, that of the transformation (or not) of an education subsystem often described as conservative. The unsolved problem of the lack of devices directed to the recognition of adults’ prior learning (at a higher education level) might work as a challenge that could contribute to solve this problem, that is, the knowledge (often unrecognised by the subjects themselves, but also by others, namely through formal devices of recognition) acquired and developed by adults, in their lives and with their lives, together with the needs that they seek to satisfy through education and training, could invite HEI to change. This paper intends to explore part of the wide range of meanings that adults construct concerning higher education, stressing the obstacles and facilitators of adult learning, in a journey through three spheres: individual, social and institutional. The research plan presented here intends to draw a conceptual and critical framework of the problematic, based on the perspectives of HEI directors, professors and adult learners. Even though the study privileges the local level, both concerning the institutions and the individuals, the national and transnational governance devices and processes have been considered as well. The analytic dimensions embrace the processes and products of adult learning, the assessment methodologies, the pedagogical practices, the curricular plans and frameworks, the (career and pedagogical) guidance and support devices — namely tutorship —, as well as the courses, programmes and institutions’ functioning and organization.

This paper describes the creation project of Intercultural Universities in Mexico and suggests an analysis of the results obtained, the difficulties met and the challenges set up for the first nine intercultural universities put in place between 2004 and 2007. It shows that this experience is meant to be either a way of improving equity in higher education by encouraging a better representation of native people among the number of university students, or an effort to strengthen and reassert the value of indigenous cultures by promoting its diffusion through research and dialogues with other cultures.

Debates about racial classification and its agreement with the uses of “race” and “color” in everyday life have been central to the discussion about affirmative action in Brazil. Using quantitative and qualitative data regarding the relationship between socio-economic status and racial identification in Brazilian universities, this paper investigates how particular kinds of policies may have different impact in terms of which particular “kinds” of individuals are benefited: both the labels that are used and the socio-economic limits that are imposed may have significant and not always intuitive consequences for which individuals are admitted, and for how contestable their eligibility will become. The label negro, when used as the sole criterion for admissions, may be too restrictive and exclude “deserving” non-whites from these policies. On the other hand, because potential non-whites from higher socio-economic classes are more likely to come from “multi-racial” families, the absence of a socio-economic criterion may lead to a substantial number of candidates who may feel that they can lay claims to a wide range of racial labels, not all of which may be acceptable to policy designers and scrutinizers concerned with restricting eligibility for quotas to “deserving” candidates.

The introduction of quality assurance in the French higher education system has been one of the most decisive transformation taking place in the University since 1998. It has been introduced and supported by agents that are involved, at different levels, in the construction of a so-called European higher education market. As a consequence of quality assurance certification rules, peer control, which used to be the common and independent regulation mode of higher education, is now replaced by an external regulation mode. So, new constraints are now ruling the organization principles of the University that previously remained aloof from economic interests.In this paper, we first highlight the links between quality assurance, supported by European Community authorities, and the economic stakes arising from the construction of a European higher education market. We then detail the actual set-ups of the quality assurance in the French higher education system. Finally, we observe how the construction of the European higher education market both requires the subordination of academic practices to economic stakes but also meets the personal interests of some of them.

The paper locates post-apartheid developments in higher education in relation to the nature of a transition by ‘transplacement’ (one of compromise between the old ruling elite and moderate nationalists of the liberation movement). It then discusses the neo-liberal macro-economic context adopted post-1994 and its effect of limiting the state’s capacity to transform civil society in terms of its own vision. The third section discusses the key policies concerning higher education transformation. It suggests that the post-1994 policy towards higher education is inevitably open to opposing readings. The final section analyses the relations between higher education and its empirical impact on the economic, political, social, and cultural spheres of post-apartheid society. It concludes that higher education has contributed towards the creation of the emerging black middle class (and in doing so assists in consolidating the democratic gains), but also that state policies and university practice exclude the majority of poor students, displaying the emerging class dynamics of post-apartheid South African society.

One of the main features of economic activity in the United Kingdom is the diffusion of innovation which creates greater needs in the fields of labour training and education. This paper tries to analyse the system which has linked training and education with R&D and innovation since the 1990s. First, young people are showing a growing interest in training in new technologies, perhaps because they have become aware that they have to, if they want to keep up with the increased pace of innovation. Besides, public investment in training has been declining since 1995 and its level is too low to enable the labour force to benefit from innovation. This explains why we can find, on the one hand, a strong demand for training coming from individuals and, on the other hand, an insufficient supply from the State. The situation looks paradoxical because the government is aware of the fact that training has become an economic issue while trying to minimize the effects of its financial disengagement policy, which started in the 1990s, by opting for a growing interventionist policy. Hence, in spite of successive governments’ huge efforts to overcome the country’s difficulties in education, the training level of a great part of the labour force remains inadequate and curbs the appropriation and diffusion of innovation.

ResumenUn tema importante en el ámbito universitario es el desarrollo científico y la incorporación de la investigación como un proceso y una función “natural” de la docencia. Se propone analizar el contexto de las comunidades académicas y las posibilidades de un desarrollo docente que in- corpore el tema científico de manera significativa en los procesos de formación y en el horizonte de la incorporación de los estudiantes a los siste- mas de investigación universitaria, para destacar que las universidades tienen un discurso políti- camente bien estructurado, pero cuestionables resultados en producción científica, formación de comunidades académicas y formación investi- gativa de los jóvenes.AbstractScholarly development and the incorpo- rations of research as a process and a “natural” function of education is an im- portant issue at universities. This paper analyzes the context of universities and the possibilities of incorporating science in teacher training programs as well as the participation of students in the re- search systems at universities. Some uni- versities seem to have a well-structured discourse in these issue, but question- able results as for scientific production, development of scholarly communities and research training of young people.RésuméUn sujet important dans le domaine uni- versitaire est le développement scienti- fique et l'incorporation de la recherche en tant qu'un processus et une fonc- tion “naturelle” de l'enseignement. On vise à analyser le domaine des commu- nautés académiques et les possibilités d'un développement de l'enseignement qu'incorpore le sujet scientifique d'une manière plus significative dans les pro- cessus de formation et dans l'horizon de l'inclusion des étudiants aux systèmes de recherche universitaire, afin de souligner que les universités ont un discours poli- tiquement bien structuré, mais leurs résultats sont questionnés en ce qui concerne la production scientifique, la formation académique et la formation à la recherche des jeunes.ResumoUm tema importante do contexto uni- versitário é o desenvolvimento científi- co e a incorporação da pesquisa como um processo e uma função “natural” da docência. Neste artigo propõe-se analisar o contexto das comunidades acadêmicas e as possibilidades de um desenvolvimento docente que incorpo- re o tema científico de maneira signifi- cativa nos processos de formação e no horizonte da integração dos estudantes aos sistemas de pesquisa universitária, visando destacar que as universidades têm um discurso politicamente bem es- truturado, mas questionáveis resultados em produção científica, na formação de comunidades acadêmicas e na formação investigativa dos jovens.

ResumenEl artículo examina las repercusiones de la formación pedagógica en las concepciones y creencias que un grupo de profesores noveles tiene acerca de la enseñanza y acerca de los beneficios que la formación ha aportado a su práctica docente. Se trata de un estudio de casos en el que han participado 12 profesores noveles pertenecientes a diferentes áreas de conocimiento de la Universitat de Barcelona (UB). Los resultados muestran que los profesores participantes en el curso de formación para la docencia universitaria han adoptado una actitud más crítica y reflexiva ante su propia práctica y ante la tradición docente dominante en su facultad.AbstractThe present paper studies the repercussion of pedagogic training on the teaching conceptions and beliefs within a group of novel teachers regarding the teaching activity and advantages contributed by training on their teaching practice. It is a case study in which 12 novel teachers, from different knowledge areas in the University of Barcelona (UB), have taken part. Results show that teachers taking part in the training course for university teaching have adopted more critical and reflexive approaches regarding both their own teaching practice and the prevailing teaching tradition in their faculties.ResumoO artigo examina as repercussões da formação pedagógica nas concepções e crenças que um grupo de professores iniciantes tem a respeito do ensino e a respeito dos benefícios que a formação trouxe à sua prática docente. Trata-se de um estudo de caso no que participaram 12 professores iniciantes, pertencentes a diferentes campos do conhecimento da Universitat de Barcelona (UB). Os resultados mostram que os professores participantes no curso de formação para a docência universitária adotaram uma atitude mais crítica e reflexiva ante sua própria prática e ante a tradição docente dominante em sua faculdade.

With the establishment of higher education institutions in the 17th century in both Canada and the United States, concerns over what should be the level of funding for higher education, and who should primarily be responsible for providing it has been a longstanding public policy debate. The critical pivot point for each country has been the varying roles of the state and the individual in funding higher education. How these roles were defined in each country framed the rise of philanthropy in higher education. This paper will trace the role of philanthropy in the development of higher education in Canada and the United States.