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To investigate the clinical application effects of artificial dermis scaffold and autologous split‐thickness skin composite grafts combined with vacuum‐assisted closure (V.A.C) in refractory wounds. A retrospective analysis was performed on 70 patients with refractory wounds admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from June 2019 to December 2021 (44 males and 25 females, with an average age of 49.3 ± 21.4 years). There were 26 patients with chronic ulcers; 3 patients with cancerous wounds; 16 patients with hot crush injuries; and 25 patients with traumatic wounds, including 21 cases of hands, 33 cases of feet, 6 cases of upper limbs, and 10 cases of lower limbs. The patients were divided into an artificial dermis scaffold group (35 patients, including 21 males and 14 females, aged 49.5 ± 21.3 years) and a skin graft group (35 patients, including 23 males and 11 females, aged 49.1 ± 21.5 years). In the artificial dermis scaffold group, after debridement, the artificial dermis scaffold was transplanted for approximately 2 weeks until the wound surface was well vascularized, after which the autologous split‐thick skin graft was transplanted. Negative pressure wound therapy was performed throughout the treatment. In the skin grafting group, after debridement, the autologous split‐thickness skin graft (aSTSG) was transplanted, and negative pressure wound therapy was performed continuously. The wound healing rate; skin graft survival rate; postoperative wound infection; exudative fluid volume; subcutaneous haematoma; hospitalisation time; hospitalisation cost; Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) score, used to evaluate the scar of the recipient area at 6 months after the operation; and the sensory disorder grading method, used to evaluate the sensory recovery of the recipient area, were compared between the two groups. All 70 refractory wounds healed. In the artificial dermis scaffold group, the skin graft survival rate was 90% (86%–95%), the hospitalisation time was 38 (29–45) days, the hospitalisation cost was 148 102 (118242–192327) yuan, and the VSS score was 1.9 ± 1.3. There were significant differences in skin graft survival rate (70% [60%–80%]), length of hospital stay (21 [14–28] days), hospitalisation cost (76 201 [39228–135 919] yuan) and VSS score [6.1 ± 3.6] between the skin graft group and the artificial dermis scaffold group (P <.05). The skin graft survival rate, scar hyperplasia and sensory recovery of the recipient area in the artificial dermis scaffold group were better than those in the skin graft group, but the hospitalisation time was relatively longer, and the hospitalisation cost was relatively higher. Wound healing rate, postoperative wound infection, exudate volume, and subcutaneous haematoma of patients in the two groups were similar, and there were no significant differences (P >.05). The artificial dermis scaffold and composite transplantation of autologous aSTSG with V.A.C can promote painless wound healing and improve the skin survival rate, skin colour and lustre, and flexible smooth texture and is conducive to less scar hyperplasia and postoperative functional exercise and recovery. This method provides a reasonable and effective scheme for the treatment of clinical refractory wounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although anatomical hepatectomy (AH) is widely used in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the prognosis is still unsatisfactory. The present study aimed to evaluate the survival benefit of adjuvant transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for patients with HCC after AH. A total of 832 patients were stratified into with adjuvant TACE (443, 53.2%) and without adjuvant TACE group (389, 46.8%) AH. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to control for confounding factors, and multivariable Cox regression was performed to determine the independent risk factors. After PSM, the results showed that the adjuvant TACE group had better overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Among the patients with tumor recurrence, adjuvant TACE was associated with a high rate of early-stage tumor at recurrence, a lower recurrence rate around the frontal margin and extrahepatic metastases, and a higher rate of receiving curative treatment. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that adjuvant TACE was an independent prognostic factor for OS (HR 0.673, P = 0.001) and RFS (HR 0.650, P = 0.001). Patients with HCC after AH can benefit from postoperative adjuvant TACE. Therefore, adjuvant TACE should be considered for patients with a high risk of recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on the survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still unclear. The present study aims to draw a firm conclusion in terms of evaluating the impact of DM on the prognosis of HCC after hepatectomy. The pattern of recurrence for HCC was often stratified into early-stage (<2 years) and late-stage (≥2 years) recurrence. Because the early-stage recurrence was mainly attributed to aggressive tumor pathological characteristics, patients who recurrence or die within 2 years were excluded. Cumulative overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were determined by the method of Kaplan–Meier, and the independent risk factors of OS/RFS were determined by Cox regression analysis. A total of 426 patients were eventually included. The 3- and 5-year OS in patients with and without DM was 83.7%, 55.1%; and 90.9%, 77.4%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that DM was an independent risk factor for OS (HR 1.166, 95% CI 1.056–2.036, P = 0.022) and RFS (HR 1.365, 95% CI 1.043–1.787, P = 0.023). DM is an independent risk factor for long-term prognosis in patients with HCC. Patients with DM after hepatectomy for HCC, thus, need to actively control DM and closer follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Minichromosome maintenance (MCM) is known for participating in cell cycle progression, as well as DNA replication. While the diverse expression patterns and prognostic values of MCM s in melanoma still remained unclear. Methods: In the present study, the transcriptional and clinical profiles of MCM s were explored in patients with melanoma from multiple databases, including GEO, TCGA, ONCOMINE, GEPIA, UALCAN, cBioPortal, and TIMER databases. Results: We found that the elevated expressions of MCM2–6 and MCM10 were significantly expressed in melanoma compared to normal skin. High mRNA levels of MCM4 , MCM5 , and MCM10 were closely related to worse prognosis in patients with melanoma. GSEA showed hallmark pathways were most involved in mTORC1 signaling, G2M checkpoint, E2F targets, and mitotic spindle. Furthermore, we found potential correlations between the MCM expression and the immune cell infiltration, including B cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Conclusion: Upregulated MCM gene expression in melanoma probably played a crucial part in the development and progression of melanoma. The upregulated MCM4/5/10 expressions could be used as potential prognostic markers to improve the poor outcome and prognostic accuracy in patients with melanoma. Our study might shed light on the selection of prognostic biomarkers as well as the underlying molecular pathogenesis of melanoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is known as an aggressive malignant cancer; some of which are directly derived from melanocytic nevi, which have been attracting growing attention from the last decades. This study focused on comprehensive identification, validation, and functional annotations of prognostic differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between melanocytic nevus and malignant melanoma in genome-wide profiles. DEGs were obtained using three chip datasets from GEO database to identify after standardization annotation. A total of 73 DEGs were identified as possible candidate prognostic biomarkers between melanocytic nevus and malignant melanoma. In addition, survival curves indicated that six hub genes, including FABP5, IVL, KRT6A, KRT15, KRT16, and TIMP2, were significant prognostic signatures for CM and of significant value to predict transformation from nevi to melanoma. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry staining was performed to validate differential expression levels and prognostic implications of six hub genes between CM tissue and nevus tissues from the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University cohort. It suggested that significantly elevated FABP5, IVL, KRT6A, KRT15, KRT16, and TIMP2 proteins expressed in the CM than in the nevus tissues. Functional enrichment and significant pathways of the six significant hub genes indicated that the mostly involved hallmarks include the P53 pathway, K-ras signaling, estrogen response late, and estrogen response early. In summary, this study identified significant DEGs participating in the process of malignant transformation from nevus to melanoma tissues based on comprehensive genomic profiles. Transcription profiles of FABP5, IVL, KRT6A, KRT15, KRT16, and TIMP2 provided clues of prognostic implications, which might help us evaluate malignant potential of nevus and underlying carcinogenesis progress from melanocytic nevus to melanoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Triethylamine promoted cycloaddition reaction of N‐alkoxycarbonylmethylquinolinium bromide with isatylidene malononitriles afforded diastereoisomeric spiro[indoline‐3, 2′‐pyrrolo[1, 2‐a]quinolines] in satisfactory yields. The similar 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition with N‐(p‐nitrobenzyl)quinolinlium bromide gave spiro[indoline‐3, 2′‐pyrrolo[1, 2‐a]quinolines] in good yields and with high diastereoselectivity. More importantly, the sequential cycloaddition reaction and oxidation reaction with 2,3‐dichloro‐5,6‐dicyano‐1,4‐benzoquinone (DDQ) resulted in novel 2‐(2‐oxoindolin‐3‐ylidene)‐2‐(2‐(dicyanomethylene)quinolin‐1‐yl)acetates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some new compounds ( E)-3-aryl-1-(5-methyl-1- p-tolyl-1 H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-prop-2-en-1-ones 5a-e were prepared by 1-(5-methyl-1- p-tolyl-1 H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-ethanone and various aromatic aldehydes. Then one pot reaction was happened by compounds 5a-e with hydrazine hydrate in acetic acid or propionic acid, respectively, to give the title compounds 1acyl-5-aryl-3-(5-methyl-1- p-tolyl-1 H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1 H-pyrazoles 6a-i. All structures were established by MS, IR, CHN, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectral data. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2012). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some new target products 5-aryl-4,5-dihydro-3-(5-methyl-1- p-tolyl-1 H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-1-(4-phenylthiazol-2-yl)pyrazoles 5a-j have been synthesized by reaction of 2-bromo-1-phenylethanone and compounds 4a-j which were prepared from the combination of thiosemicarbazide and ( E)-3-aryl-1-(5-methyl-1- p-tolyl-1 H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-prop-2-en-1-ones 3a-j. All the structures were established by MS, IR, CHN, and 1H NMR spectra data. Synthesis of structure diversity is applied. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2011). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(5-Methyl-3-phenyl-1 H-pyrazol-1-yl)-[5-( p-tolylamino)-2 H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl]methanone was synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR, MS and IR spectra data. The structure of title compound was identified by X-ray diffraction. Compound, C 20H 18N 6O, Mr = 358.40, crystallizes in the triclinic space group P- 1 with unit cell parameters a = 10.303(6), b = 12.489(7), c = 15.305(9) Å, α = 108.489(12), β = 101.920(11), γ = 96.971(13)°, V = 1790.0(17) Å 3, Z = 4, Dx = 1.330 mg/cm 3. The final R was 0.0520. Graphical Abstract: (5-Methyl-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-[5-(p-tolylamino)-2H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl]methanone was synthesized. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• EAF2 plays a key role in human malignancies. • EAF2 expression was closely associated with the immune-infiltrating levels of immune cells. • EAF2 has a strong positive correlation with CD19, implying they may be functional partners in the immune response of SKCM. • EAF2 could be a promising and potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and immunotherapy in patients with melanoma. Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) accounts for over 75% of skin cancer-related deaths each year. EAF2, as a member of EAF family, has been found in several cancers, however, the role of EAF2 in SKCM is rarely studied. In this study, we utilized multiple bioinformatics tools to systematically analyze the expression of EAF family and investigate the prognostic value of EAF2 in melanoma. We found both transcriptional and proteomics expression expressions of EAF2 were elevated in SKCM. Survival analysis and ROC curves showed significant diagnostic and prognostic ability of EAF2. Importantly, EAF2 expression was closely associated with the immune-infiltrating levels of B cells, CD4+ T, CD8+ T, neutrophils, macrophages and dendritic cells. Co-expression analysis showed EAF2 has a strong positive correlation with CD19, implying they may be functional partners in the immune response of SKCM. In summary, our study is the first to reveal that increased expression of EAF2 is significantly correlated with tumor progression and better prognosis in SKCM patients. The role of EAF2 in SKCM demonstrated that it might be a potential and promising biomarker for the diagnosis and prediction of prognosis in patients with SKCM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The triethylamine promoted three-component reaction of N-(4-nitrobenzyl), N-ethoxycarbonylmethylisoquinolinium bromide, isatins and malononitrile in ethanol afforded spiro[indoline-3,2′-pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinolines] in good yields and with high diastereoselectivity. The similar reaction of N-cyanomethylisoquinolinium chloride mainly gave complex indolo[2″,3″:2′,3′]pyrrolo[3′,4′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinoline derivatives. However, the three-component reaction of N-cyanomethylisoquinolinium chloride, isatins and ethyl cyanoacetate mainly resulted in functionalized spiro[indoline-3,8′-pyrido[2′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinolines]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A graphical abstract of the study "Synthesis of Densely Substituted Dispirocyclopentanebisoxindoles by Base Promoted Sequential Reaction of Two Different 3-Methyleneoxindoles With Thiol" by Guo-Liang Shen and colleagues is presented.

An efficient protocol for the diastereoselective synthesis of the title compounds by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of N-phenacylbenzothiazolium and N-phenacylthiazolium bromides with several oxindoles is reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An abstract on the domino cycloaddition reactions of N-benzylbenzimidazolium salts with oxoindolin and ylidene acetates is presented.

The Ten-eleven translocation (TET) family of dioxygenases mediate cytosine demethylation by catalyzing the oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC). TET-mediated DNA demethylation controls the proper differentiation of embryonic stem cells and TET members display functional redundancy during early gastrulation. However, it is unclear if TET proteins have functional significance in mammalian skeletal development. Here, we report that Tet genes deficiency in mesoderm mesenchymal stem cells results in severe defects of bone development. The existence of any single Tet gene allele can support early bone formation, suggesting a functional redundancy of TET proteins. Integrative analyses of RNA-seq, Whole Genome Bisulfite Sequencing (WGBS), 5hmC-Seal and Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin (ATAC-seq) demonstrate that TET-mediated demethylation increases the chromatin accessibility of target genes by RUNX2 and facilities RUNX2-regulated transcription. In addition, TET proteins interact with RUNX2 through their catalytic domain to regulate cytosine methylation around RUNX2 binding region. The catalytic domain is indispensable for TET enzymes to regulate RUNX2 transcription activity on its target genes and to regulate bone development. These results demonstrate that TET enzymes function to regulate RUNX2 activity and maintain skeletal homeostasis. Here the authors investigate the role of the TET family of DNA demethylases in mammalian skeletal development. They find that loss of TETs leads to hypermethylation that results in decreased chromatin accessibility of RUNX2 target genes, repressing osteoblast differentiation and leading to skeletal defects in mouse such as short limbs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By the shock relationships, the wavy characteristics and the forming conditions of a shock wave are analyzed. The wavy characteristics of an Euler system are studied theoretically. The present research focuses on the wavy characteristics of Tollmien-Schlichting (T-S) waves, the excitation conditions of shocklets in compressible boundary layers, and the viscous effect on shock. The possibility of existence of shocklets in the compressible boundary layer and the physical mechanism of formation are theoretically interpreted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article lists the topics featured in the journals of the Institute of Metal Finishing's (IMF's) sister societies including "The process and sequence in metal electrodopisition," by W. Plieth in the "Galvanotechnik," "Review of shot peening processes to obtain nanocrystalline surface in metal alloys," by S. Bagheri and M. Guagliano in the "Surface Engineering," and "Pretreatment process of electroplating on brass antenna mast," by Bing Xi in the "Electroplating & Finishing" in China.