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4. Contribution of retrotransposition to developmental disorders

Author

Gardner, Eugene J., Prigmore, Elena, Gallone, Giuseppe, Danecek, Petr, Samocha, Kaitlin E., Handsaker, Juliet, Gerety, Sebastian S., Ironfield, Holly, Short, Patrick J., Sifrim, Alejandro, Singh, Tarjinder, Chandler, Kate E., Clement, Emma, Lachlan, Katherine L., Prescott, Katrina, Rosser, Elisabeth, FitzPatrick, David R., Firth, Helen V., and Hurles, Matthew E.

Published
2019
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5. Optimizing the Diagnosis of Rare Genomic Disease in the UK and Ireland

Author

Wright, Caroline F, Campbell, Patrick, Eberhardt, Ruth Y., Aitken, Stuart, Perrett, Daniel, Brent, Simon, Danecek, Petr, Gardner, Eugene J., Chundru, V Kartik, Lindsay, Sarah J, Andrews, Katrina A, Hampstead, Juliet, Kaplanis, Joanna, Samocha, Kaitlin E., Middleton, Anna, Foreman, Julia, Hobson, Rachel J., Parker, Michael J., Martin, Hilary C, FitzPatrick, David R, Hurles, Matthew E, and Firth, Helen V.

Published
2023

6. Common genetic variation drives molecular heterogeneity in human iPSCs

Author

Kilpinen, Helena, Goncalves, Angela, Leha, Andreas, Afzal, Vackar, Alasoo, Kaur, Ashford, Sofie, Bala, Sendu, Bensaddek, Dalila, Casale, Francesco Paolo, Culley, Oliver J., Danecek, Petr, Faulconbridge, Adam, Harrison, Peter W., Kathuria, Annie, McCarthy, Davis, McCarthy, Shane A., Meleckyte, Ruta, Memari, Yasin, Moens, Nathalie, Soares, Filipa, Mann, Alice, Streeter, Ian, Agu, Chukwuma A., Alderton, Alex, Nelson, Rachel, Harper, Sarah, Patel, Minal, White, Alistair, Patel, Sharad R., Clarke, Laura, Halai, Reena, Kirton, Christopher M., Kolb-Kokocinski, Anja, Beales, Philip, Birney, Ewan, Danovi, Davide, Lamond, Angus I., Ouwehand, Willem H., Vallier, Ludovic, Watt, Fiona M., Durbin, Richard, Stegle, Oliver, and Gaffney, Daniel J.

Subjects
Genetic variation -- Health aspects, Stem cells -- Genetic aspects -- Health aspects, Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Technology utilizing human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) has enormous potential to provide improved cellular models of human disease. However, variable genetic and phenotypic characterization of many existing iPS cell lines limits their potential use for research and therapy. Here we describe the systematic generation, genotyping and phenotyping of 711 iPS cell lines derived from 301 healthy individuals by the Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Initiative. Our study outlines the major sources of genetic and phenotypic variation in iPS cells and establishes their suitability as models of complex human traits and cancer. Through genome-wide profiling we find that 546% of the variation in different iPS cell phenotypes, including differentiation capacity and cellular morphology, arises from differences between individuals. Additionally, we assess the phenotypic consequences of genomic copy-number alterations that are repeatedly observed in iPS cells. In addition, we present a comprehensive map of common regulatory variants affecting the transcriptome of human pluripotent cells., Author(s): Helena Kilpinen [1]; Angela Goncalves [2]; Andreas Leha [2]; Vackar Afzal [3]; Kaur Alasoo [2]; Sofie Ashford [4]; Sendu Bala [2]; Dalila Bensaddek [3]; Francesco Paolo Casale [1]; Oliver [...]

Published
2017
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7. Whole-genome sequencing identifies EN1 as a determinant of bone density and fracture

Author

Zheng, Hou-Feng, Forgetta, Vincenzo, Hsu, Yi-Hsiang, Estrada, Karol, Rosello-Diez, Alberto, Leo, Paul J., Dahia, Chitra L., Park-Min, Kyung Hyun, Tobias, Jonathan H., Kooperberg, Charles, Kleinman, Aaron, Styrkarsdottir, Unnur, Liu, Ching-Ti, Uggla, Charlotta, Evans, Daniel S., Nielson, Carrie M., Walter, Klaudia, Pettersson-Kymmer, Ulrika, McCarthy, Shane, Eriksson, Joel, Kwan, Tony, Jhamai, Mila, Trajanoska, Katerina, Memari, Yasin, Min, Josine, Huang, Jie, Danecek, Petr, Wilmot, Beth, Li, Rui, Chou, Wen-Chi, Mokry, Lauren E., Moayyeri, Alireza, Claussnitzer, Melina, Cheng, Chia-Ho, Cheung, Warren, Medina-Gómez, Carolina, Ge, Bing, Chen, Shu-Huang, Choi, Kwangbom, Oei, Ling, Fraser, James, Kraaij, Robert, Hibbs, Matthew A., Gregson, Celia L., Paquette, Denis, Hofman, Albert, Wibom, Carl, Tranah, Gregory J., Marshall, Mhairi, Gardiner, Brooke B., Cremin, Katie, Auer, Paul, Hsu, Li, Ring, Sue, Tung, Joyce Y., Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Enneman, Anke W., van Schoor, Natasja M., de Groot, Lisette C. P. G. M., van der Velde, Nathalie, Melin, Beatrice, Kemp, John P., Christiansen, Claus, Sayers, Adrian, Zhou, Yanhua, Calderari, Sophie, van Rooij, Jeroen, Carlson, Chris, Peters, Ulrike, Berlivet, Soizik, Dostie, Josée, Uitterlinden, Andre G., Williams, Stephen R., Farber, Charles, Grinberg, Daniel, LaCroix, Andrea Z., Haessler, Jeff, Chasman, Daniel I., Giulianini, Franco, Rose, Lynda M., Ridker, Paul M., Eisman, John A., Nguyen, Tuan V., Center, Jacqueline R., Nogues, Xavier, Garcia-Giralt, Natalia, Launer, Lenore L., Gudnason, Vilmunder, Mellström, Dan, Vandenput, Liesbeth, Amin, Najaf, van Duijn, Cornelia M., Karlsson, Magnus K., Ljunggren, Östen, Svensson, Olle, Hallmans, Göran, Rousseau, François, Giroux, Sylvie, Bussière, Johanne, Arp, Pascal P., Koromani, Fjorda, Prince, Richard L., Lewis, Joshua R., Langdahl, Bente L., Hermann, Pernille A., Jensen, Jens-Erik B., Kaptoge, Stephen, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Reeve, Jonathan, Formosa, Melissa M., Xuereb-Anastasi, Angela, Åkesson, Kristina, McGuigan, Fiona E., Garg, Gaurav, Olmos, Jose M., Zarrabeitia, Maria T., Riancho, Jose A., Ralston, Stuart H., Alonso, Nerea, Jiang, Xi, Goltzman, David, Pastinen, Tomi, Grundberg, Elin, Gauguier, Dominique, Orwoll, Eric S., Karasik, David, Davey-Smith, George, Smith, Albert V., Siggeirsdottir, Kristin, Harris, Tamara B., Zillikens, Carola M., van Meurs, Joyce B. J., Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Maurano, Matthew T., Timpson, Nicholas J., Soranzo, Nicole, Durbin, Richard, Wilson, Scott G., Ntzani, Evangelia E., Brown, Matthew A., Stefansson, Kari, Hinds, David A., Spector, Tim, Cupples, Adrienne L., Ohlsson, Claes, Greenwood, Celia M. T., Jackson, Rebecca D., Rowe, David W., Loomis, Cynthia A., Evans, David M., Ackert-Bicknell, Cheryl L., Joyner, Alexandra L., Duncan, Emma L., Kiel, Douglas P., Rivadeneira, Fernando, and Richards, Brent J.

Published
2015
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8. A global reference for human genetic variation

Author

Altshuler, David M., (Co-Chair), Durbin, Richard M., (Co-Chair, Principal Investigator), Donnelly, Peter, Green, Eric D., Nickerson, Deborah A., Boerwinkle, Eric, Doddapaneni, Harsha, Han, Yi, Korchina, Viktoriya, Kovar, Christie, Lee, Sandra, Muzny, Donna, Reid, Jeffrey G., Zhu, Yiming, Wang, Jun, (Principal Investigator), Chang, Yuqi, Feng, Qiang, Fang, Xiaodong, Guo, Xiaosen, Jian, Min, Jiang, Hui, Jin, Xin, Lan, Tianming, Li, Guoqing, Li, Jingxiang, Li, Yingrui, Liu, Shengmao, Liu, Xiao, Lu, Yao, Ma, Xuedi, Tang, Meifang, Wang, Bo, Wang, Guangbiao, Wu, Honglong, Wu, Renhua, Xu, Xun, Yin, Ye, Zhang, Dandan, Zhang, Wenwei, Zhao, Jiao, Zhao, Meiru, Zheng, Xiaole, Lander, Eric S., (Principal Investigator), Gabriel, Stacey B., (Co-Chair), Gupta, Namrata, Gharani, Neda, Toji, Lorraine H., Gerry, Norman P., Resch, Alissa M., Barker, Jonathan, Gil, Laurent, Hunt, Sarah E., Kelman, Gavin, Kulesha, Eugene, Leinonen, Rasko, McLaren, William M., Radhakrishnan, Rajesh, Roa, Asier, Smirnov, Dmitriy, Smith, Richard E., Streeter, Ian, Thormann, Anja, Toneva, Iliana, Vaughan, Brendan, Zheng-Bradley, Xiangqun, Bentley, David R., (Principal Investigator), Grocock, Russell, Humphray, Sean, James, Terena, Kingsbury, Zoya, Lehrach, Hans, (Principal Investigator), Sudbrak, Ralf, (Project Leader), Albrecht, Marcus W., Amstislavskiy, Vyacheslav S., Borodina, Tatiana A., Lienhard, Matthias, Mertes, Florian, Sultan, Marc, Timmermann, Bernd, Yaspo, Marie-Laure, Mardis, Elaine R., (Co-Principal Investigator) (Co-Chair), Wilson, Richard K., (Co-Principal Investigator), Fulton, Lucinda, Fulton, Robert, Ananiev, Victor, Belaia, Zinaida, Beloslyudtsev, Dimitriy, Bouk, Nathan, Chen, Chao, Church, Deanna, Cohen, Robert, Cook, Charles, Garner, John, Hefferon, Timothy, Kimelman, Mikhail, Liu, Chunlei, Lopez, John, Meric, Peter, O’Sullivan, Chris, Ostapchuk, Yuri, Phan, Lon, Ponomarov, Sergiy, Schneider, Valerie, Shekhtman, Eugene, Sirotkin, Karl, Slotta, Douglas, Zhang, Hua, Balasubramaniam, Senduran, Burton, John, Danecek, Petr, Keane, Thomas M., Kolb-Kokocinski, Anja, McCarthy, Shane, Stalker, James, Quail, Michael, Schmidt, Jeanette P., (Principal Investigator), Davies, Christopher J., Gollub, Jeremy, Webster, Teresa, Wong, Brant, Zhan, Yiping, Auton, Adam, (Principal Investigator), Campbell, Christopher L., Kong, Yu, Marcketta, Anthony, Yu, Fuli, (Project Leader), Antunes, Lilian, Bainbridge, Matthew, Sabo, Aniko, Huang, Zhuoyi, Coin, Lachlan J. M., Fang, Lin, Li, Qibin, Li, Zhenyu, Lin, Haoxiang, Liu, Binghang, Luo, Ruibang, Shao, Haojing, Xie, Yinlong, Ye, Chen, Yu, Chang, Zhang, Fan, Zheng, Hancheng, Zhu, Hongmei, Alkan, Can, Dal, Elif, Kahveci, Fatma, Garrison, Erik P., (Project Lead), Kural, Deniz, Lee, Wan-Ping, Leong, Wen Fung, Stromberg, Michael, Ward, Alistair N., Wu, Jiantao, Zhang, Mengyao, Daly, Mark J., (Principal Investigator), DePristo, Mark A., (Project Leader), Handsaker, Robert E., (Project Leader), Banks, Eric, Bhatia, Gaurav, del Angel, Guillermo, Genovese, Giulio, Li, Heng, Kashin, Seva, Nemesh, James C., Poplin, Ryan E., Yoon, Seungtai C., (Principal Investigator), Lihm, Jayon, Makarov, Vladimir, Clark, Andrew G., (Principal Investigator), Gottipati, Srikanth, Keinan, Alon, Rodriguez-Flores, Juan L., Rausch, Tobias, (Project Leader), Fritz, Markus H., Stütz, Adrian M., Beal, Kathryn, Datta, Avik, Herrero, Javier, Ritchie, Graham R. S., Zerbino, Daniel, Sabeti, Pardis C., (Principal Investigator), Shlyakhter, Ilya, Schaffner, Stephen F., Vitti, Joseph, Cooper, David N., (Principal Investigator), Ball, Edward V., Stenson, Peter D., Barnes, Bret, Bauer, Markus, Cheetham, Keira R., Cox, Anthony, Eberle, Michael, Kahn, Scott, Murray, Lisa, Peden, John, Shaw, Richard, Kenny, Eimear E., (Principal Investigator), Batzer, Mark A., (Principal Investigator), Konkel, Miriam K., Walker, Jerilyn A., MacArthur, Daniel G., (Principal Investigator), Lek, Monkol, Herwig, Ralf, Koboldt, Daniel C., Larson, David, Ye, Kai, Gravel, Simon, Swaroop, Anand, Chew, Emily, Lappalainen, Tuuli, (Principal Investigator), Erlich, Yaniv, (Principal Investigator), Gymrek, Melissa, Willems, Thomas Frederick, Simpson, Jared T., Shriver, Mark D., (Principal Investigator), Rosenfeld, Jeffrey A., (Principal Investigator), Montgomery, Stephen B., (Principal Investigator), De La Vega, Francisco M., (Principal Investigator), Byrnes, Jake K., Carroll, Andrew W., DeGorter, Marianne K., Lacroute, Phil, Maples, Brian K., Martin, Alicia R., Moreno-Estrada, Andres, Shringarpure, Suyash S., Zakharia, Fouad, Halperin, Eran, (Principal Investigator), Baran, Yael, Cerveira, Eliza, Hwang, Jaeho, Malhotra, Ankit, (Co-Project Lead), Plewczynski, Dariusz, Radew, Kamen, Romanovitch, Mallory, Zhang, Chengsheng, (Co-Project Lead), Hyland, Fiona C. L., Craig, David W., (Principal Investigator), Christoforides, Alexis, Homer, Nils, Izatt, Tyler, Kurdoglu, Ahmet A., Sinari, Shripad A., Squire, Kevin, Xiao, Chunlin, Sebat, Jonathan, (Principal Investigator), Antaki, Danny, Gujral, Madhusudan, Noor, Amina, Ye, Kenny, Burchard, Esteban G., (Principal Investigator), Hernandez, Ryan D., (Principal Investigator), Gignoux, Christopher R., Haussler, David, (Principal Investigator), Katzman, Sol J., Kent, James W., Howie, Bryan, Ruiz-Linares, Andres, (Principal Investigator), Dermitzakis, Emmanouil T., (Principal Investigator), Devine, Scott E., (Principal Investigator), Abecasis, Gonçalo R., (Principal Investigator) (Co-Chair), Kang, Hyun Min, (Project Leader), Kidd, Jeffrey M., (Principal Investigator), Blackwell, Tom, Caron, Sean, Chen, Wei, Emery, Sarah, Fritsche, Lars, Fuchsberger, Christian, Jun, Goo, Li, Bingshan, Lyons, Robert, Scheller, Chris, Sidore, Carlo, Song, Shiya, Sliwerska, Elzbieta, Taliun, Daniel, Tan, Adrian, Welch, Ryan, Wing, Mary Kate, Zhan, Xiaowei, Awadalla, Philip, (Principal Investigator), Hodgkinson, Alan, Li, Yun, Shi, Xinghua, (Principal Investigator), Quitadamo, Andrew, Lunter, Gerton, (Principal Investigator), McVean, Gil A., (Principal Investigator) (Co-Chair), Marchini, Jonathan L., (Principal Investigator), Myers, Simon, (Principal Investigator), Churchhouse, Claire, Delaneau, Olivier, Gupta-Hinch, Anjali, Kretzschmar, Warren, Iqbal, Zamin, Mathieson, Iain, Menelaou, Androniki, Rimmer, Andy, Xifara, Dionysia K., Oleksyk, Taras K., (Principal Investigator), Fu, Yunxin, (Principal Investigator), Liu, Xiaoming, Xiong, Momiao, Jorde, Lynn, (Principal Investigator), Witherspoon, David, Xing, Jinchuan, Browning, Brian L., (Principal Investigator), Browning, Sharon R., (Principal Investigator), Hormozdiari, Fereydoun, Sudmant, Peter H., Khurana, Ekta, (Principal Investigator), Hurles, Matthew E., (Principal Investigator), Albers, Cornelis A., Ayub, Qasim, Chen, Yuan, Colonna, Vincenza, Jostins, Luke, Walter, Klaudia, Xue, Yali, Abyzov, Alexej, Balasubramanian, Suganthi, Chen, Jieming, Clarke, Declan, Fu, Yao, Harmanci, Arif O., Jin, Mike, Lee, Donghoon, Liu, Jeremy, Mu, Xinmeng Jasmine, Zhang, Jing, Zhang, Yan, McCarroll, Steven A., (Principal Investigator), Hartl, Chris, Shakir, Khalid, Degenhardt, Jeremiah, Korbel, Jan O., (Principal Investigator) (Co-Chair), Meiers, Sascha, Raeder, Benjamin, Casale, Francesco Paolo, Stegle, Oliver, Lameijer, Eric-Wubbo, Ding, Li, (Principal Investigator), Hall, Ira, Lee, Charles, (Principal Investigator) (Co-Chair), Bafna, Vineet, Michaelson, Jacob, Gardner, Eugene J., (Project Leader), Mills, Ryan E., (Principal Investigator), Dayama, Gargi, Chen, Ken, (Principle Investigator), Fan, Xian, Chong, Zechen, Chen, Tenghui, Eichler, Evan E., (Principal Investigator) (Co-Chair), Chaisson, Mark J., Huddleston, John, Malig, Maika, Nelson, Bradley J., Parrish, Nicholas F., Blackburne, Ben, Lindsay, Sarah J., Ning, Zemin, Zhang, Yujun, Lam, Hugo, Sisu, Cristina, Gibbs, Richard A., (Principal Investigator) (Co-Chair), Challis, Danny, Evani, Uday S., Lu, James, Nagaswamy, Uma, Yu, Jin, Li, Wangshen, Marth, Gabor T., (Principal Investigator) (Co-Chair), Habegger, Lukas, Yu, Haiyuan, (Principal Investigator), Cunningham, Fiona, Dunham, Ian, Lage, Kasper, (Principal Investigator), Jespersen, Jakob Berg, Horn, Heiko, Tyler-Smith, Chris, (Principal Investigator) (Co-Chair), Gerstein, Mark B., (Principal Investigator) (Co-Chair), Kim, Donghoon, Desalle, Rob, Narechania, Apurva, Wilson Sayres, Melissa A., Bustamante, Carlos D., (Principal Investigator) (Co-Chair), Mendez, Fernando L., Poznik, David G., Underhill, Peter A., Coin, Lachlan, (Principal Investigator), Mittelman, David, Banerjee, Ruby, Cerezo, Maria, Fitzgerald, Thomas W., Louzada, Sandra, Massaia, Andrea, Ritchie, Graham R., Yang, Fengtang, Kalra, Divya, Hale, Walker, Dan, Xu, Flicek, Paul, (Principal Investigator) (Co-Chair), Clarke, Laura, (Project Lead), Sherry, Stephen T., (Principal Investigator) (Co-Chair), Chakravarti, Aravinda, (Co-Chair), Knoppers, Bartha M., (Co-Chair), Barnes, Kathleen C., Beiswanger, Christine, Cai, Hongyu, Cao, Hongzhi, Henn, Brenna, Jones, Danielle, Kaye, Jane S., Kent, Alastair, Kerasidou, Angeliki, Mathias, Rasika, Ossorio, Pilar N., Parker, Michael, Rotimi, Charles N., Royal, Charmaine D., Sandoval, Karla, Su, Yeyang, Tian, Zhongming, Tishkoff, Sarah, Via, Marc, Wang, Yuhong, Yang, Ling, Zhu, Jiayong, Bodmer, Walter, Bedoya, Gabriel, Cai, Zhiming, Gao, Yang, Chu, Jiayou, Peltonen, Leena, Garcia-Montero, Andres, Orfao, Alberto, Dutil, Julie, Martinez-Cruzado, Juan C., Mathias, Rasika A., Hennis, Anselm, Watson, Harold, McKenzie, Colin, Qadri, Firdausi, LaRocque, Regina, Deng, Xiaoyan, Asogun, Danny, Folarin, Onikepe, Happi, Christian, Omoniwa, Omonwunmi, Stremlau, Matt, Tariyal, Ridhi, Jallow, Muminatou, Joof, Fatoumatta Sisay, Corrah, Tumani, Rockett, Kirk, Kwiatkowski, Dominic, Kooner, Jaspal, Hiê`n, Trâ`n Tinh, Dunstan, Sarah J., Hang, Nguyen Thuy, Fonnie, Richard, Garry, Robert, Kanneh, Lansana, Moses, Lina, Schieffelin, John, Grant, Donald S., Gallo, Carla, Poletti, Giovanni, Saleheen, Danish, Rasheed, Asif, Brooks, Lisa D., Felsenfeld, Adam L., McEwen, Jean E., Vaydylevich, Yekaterina, Duncanson, Audrey, Dunn, Michael, Schloss, Jeffery A., and Yang, Huanming

Published
2015
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9. The UK10K project identifies rare variants in health and disease

Author

Walter, Klaudia, Min, Josine L., Huang, Jie, Crooks, Lucy, Memari, Yasin, Perry, John R. B., Xu, ChangJiang, Futema, Marta, Lawson, Daniel, Iotchkova, Valentina, Schiffels, Stephan, Hendricks, Audrey E., Danecek, Petr, Li, Rui, Floyd, James, Wain, Louise V., Humphries, Steve E., Barrett, Jeffrey C., Bala, Senduran, Clapham, Peter, Coates, Guy, Cox, Tony, Daly, Allan, Du, Yuanping, Edkins, Sarah, Ellis, Peter, Flicek, Paul, Guo, Xiaosen, Guo, Xueqin, Huang, Liren, Jackson, David K., Joyce, Chris, Keane, Thomas, Kolb-Kokocinski, Anja, Langford, Cordelia, Li, Yingrui, Liang, Jieqin, Lin, Hong, Liu, Ryan, Maslen, John, McCarthy, Shane, (co-chair), Muddyman, Dawn, Quail, Michael A., Stalker, Jim, (co-chair), Sun, Jianping, Tian, Jing, Wang, Guangbiao, Wang, Jun, Wang, Yu, Wong, Kim, Zhang, Pingbo, Birney, Ewan, Boustred, Chris, Chen, Lu, Clement, Gail, Cocca, Massimiliano, Smith, George Davey, Day, Ian N. M., Day-Williams, Aaron, Down, Thomas, Dunham, Ian, Evans, David M., Gaunt, Tom R., Geihs, Matthias, Hart, Deborah, Howie, Bryan, Hubbard, Tim, Hysi, Pirro, Jamshidi, Yalda, Karczewski, Konrad J., Kemp, John P., Lachance, Genevieve, Lek, Monkol, Lopes, Margarida, MacArthur, Daniel G., Marchini, Jonathan, Mangino, Massimo, Mathieson, Iain, Metrustry, Sarah, Moayyeri, Alireza, Northstone, Kate, Panoutsopoulou, Kalliope, Paternoster, Lavinia, Quaye, Lydia, Richards, Brent J., (co-chair), Ring, Susan, Ritchie, Graham R. S., Shihab, Hashem A., Shin, So-Youn, Small, Kerrin S., Artigas, María Soler, Soranzo, Nicole, (co-chair), Southam, Lorraine, Spector, Timothy D., St Pourcain, Beate, Surdulescu, Gabriela, Tachmazidou, Ioanna, Timpson, Nicholas J., (co-chair), Tobin, Martin D., Valdes, Ana M., Visscher, Peter M., Ward, Kirsten, Wilson, Scott G., Yang, Jian, Zhang, Feng, Zheng, Hou-Feng, Anney, Richard, Ayub, Muhammad, Blackwood, Douglas, Bolton, Patrick F., Breen, Gerome, Collier, David A., Craddock, Nick, Curran, Sarah, Curtis, David, Gallagher, Louise, Geschwind, Daniel, Gurling, Hugh, Holmans, Peter, Lee, Irene, Lönnqvist, Jouko, McGuffin, Peter, McIntosh, Andrew M., McKechanie, Andrew G., McQuillin, Andrew, Morris, James, OʼDonovan, Michael C., Owen, Michael J., (co-chair), Palotie, Aarno, (co-chair), Parr, Jeremy R., Paunio, Tiina, Pietilainen, Olli, Rehnström, Karola, Sharp, Sally I., Skuse, David, St Clair, David, Suvisaari, Jaana, Walters, James T. R., Williams, Hywel J., Barroso, Inês, (co-chair), Bochukova, Elena, Bounds, Rebecca, Dominiczak, Anna, Farooqi, Sadaf I., (co-chair), Keogh, Julia, Marenne, Gaëlle, Morris, Andrew, OʼRahilly, Stephen, Porteous, David J., Smith, Blair H., Wheeler, Eleanor, Al Turki, Saeed, Anderson, Carl A., Antony, Dinu, Beales, Phil, Bentham, Jamie, Bhattacharya, Shoumo, Calissano, Mattia, Carss, Keren, Chatterjee, Krishna, Cirak, Sebahattin, Cosgrove, Catherine, Fitzpatrick, David R., (co-chair), Foley, Reghan A., Franklin, Christopher S., Grozeva, Detelina, Hurles, Matthew E., (co-chair), Mitchison, Hannah M., Muntoni, Francesco, Onoufriadis, Alexandros, Parker, Victoria, Payne, Felicity, Raymond, Lucy F., Roberts, Nicola, Savage, David B., Scambler, Peter, Schmidts, Miriam, Schoenmakers, Nadia, Semple, Robert K., Serra, Eva, Spasic-Boskovic, Olivera, Stevens, Elizabeth, van Kogelenberg, Margriet, Vijayarangakannan, Parthiban, Williamson, Kathleen A., Wilson, Crispian, Whyte, Tamieka, Ciampi, Antonio, Greenwood, Celia M. T., (co-chair), Oualkacha, Karim, Zeggini, Eleftheria, (co-chair), Bobrow, Martin, Griffin, Heather, Kaye, Jane, (co-chair), Kennedy, Karen, Kent, Alastair, Smee, Carol, Charlton, Ruth, Ekong, Rosemary, Khawaja, Farrah, Lopes, Luis R., Migone, Nicola, Payne, Stewart J., Plagnol, Vincent, (chair), Pollitt, Rebecca C., Povey, Sue, Ridout, Cheryl K., Robinson, Rachel L., Scott, Richard H., Shaw, Adam, Syrris, Petros, Taylor, Rohan, Vandersteen, Anthony M., Durbin, Richard, (chair), Amuzu, Antoinette, Casas, Juan Pablo, Chambers, John C., Dedoussis, George, Gambaro, Giovanni, Gasparini, Paolo, Isaacs, Aaron, Johnson, Jon, Kleber, Marcus E., Kooner, Jaspal S., Langenberg, Claudia, Luan, Jianʼan, Malerba, Giovanni, März, Winfried, Matchan, Angela, Morris, Richard, Nordestgaard, Børge G., Benn, Marianne, Scott, Robert A., Toniolo, Daniela, Traglia, Michela, Tybjaerg-Hansen, Anne, van Duijn, Cornelia M., van Leeuwen, Elisabeth M., Varbo, Anette, Whincup, Peter, Zaza, Gianluigi, and Zhang, Weihua

Published
2015
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10. Corrigendum: Common genetic variation drives molecular heterogeneity in human iPSCs

Author

Kilpinen, Helena, Goncalves, Angela, Leha, Andreas, Afzal, Vackar, Alasoo, Kaur, Ashford, Sofie, Bala, Sendu, Bensaddek, Dalila, Casale, Francesco Paolo, Culley, Oliver J., Danecek, Petr, Faulconbridge, Adam, Harrison, Peter W., Kathuria, Annie, McCarthy, Davis, McCarthy, Shane A., Meleckyte, Ruta, Memari, Yasin, Moens, Nathalie, Soares, Filipa, Mann, Alice, Streeter, Ian, Agu, Chukwuma A., Alderton, Alex, Nelson, Rachel, Harper, Sarah, Patel, Minal, White, Alistair, Patel, Sharad R., Clarke, Laura, Halai, Reena, Kirton, Christopher M., Kolb-Kokocinski, Anja, Beales, Philip, Birney, Ewan, Danovi, Davide, Lamond, Angus I., Ouwehand, Willem H., Vallier, Ludovic, Watt, Fiona M., Durbin, Richard, Stegle, Oliver, and Gaffney, Daniel J.

Subjects
Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Author(s): Helena Kilpinen; Angela Goncalves; Andreas Leha; Vackar Afzal; Kaur Alasoo; Sofie Ashford; Sendu Bala; Dalila Bensaddek; Francesco Paolo Casale; Oliver J. Culley; Petr Danecek; Adam Faulconbridge; Peter W. Harrison; [...]

Published
2017
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11. Integrating healthcare and research genetic data empowers the discovery of 49 novel developmental disorders

Author

Kaplanis, Joanna, Samocha, Kaitlin E., Wiel, Laurens, Zhang, Zhancheng, Arvai, Kevin J., Eberhardt, Ruth Y., Gallone, Giuseppe, Lelieveld, Stefan H., Martin, Hilary C., McRae, Jeremy F., Short, Patrick J., Torene, Rebecca I., de Boer, Elke, Danecek, Petr, Gardner, Eugene J., Huang, Ni, Lord, Jenny, Martincorena, Iñigo, Pfundt, Rolph, Reijnders, Margot R. F., Yeung, Alison, Yntema, Helger G., Vissers, Lisenka E. L. M., Juusola, Jane, Wright, Caroline F., Brunner, Han G., Firth, Helen V., FitzPatrick, David R., Barrett, Jeffrey C., Hurles, Matthew E., Gilissen, Christian, and Retterer, Kyle

Abstract

Summary De novo mutations (DNMs) in protein-coding genes are a well-established cause of developmental disorders (DD). However, known DD-associated genes only account for a minority of the observed excess of such DNMs. To identify novel DD-associated genes, we integrated healthcare and research exome sequences on 31,058 DD parent-offspring trios, and developed a simulation-based statistical test to identify gene-specific enrichments of DNMs. We identified 299 significantly DD-associated genes, including 49 not previously robustly associated with DDs. Despite detecting more DD-associated genes than in any previous study, much of the excess of DNMs of protein-coding genes remains unaccounted for. Modelling suggests that over 500 novel DD-associated genes await discovery, many of which are likely to be less penetrant than the currently known genes. Research access to clinical diagnostic datasets will be critical for completing the map of dominant DDs.

Published
2019
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12. An integrated map of genetic variation from 1,092 human genomes

Author

McVean, Gil A., Altshuler, David M., Durbin, Richard M., Abecasis, Gonçalo R., Bentley, David R., Chakravarti, Aravinda, Clark, Andrew G., Donnelly, Peter, Eichler, Evan E., Flicek, Paul, Gabriel, Stacey B., Gibbs, Richard A., Green, Eric D., Hurles, Matthew E., Knoppers, Bartha M., Korbel, Jan O., Lander, Eric S., Lee, Charles, Lehrach, Hans, Mardis, Elaine R., Marth, Gabor T., Nickerson, Deborah A., Schmidt, Jeanette P., Sherry, Stephen T., Wang, Jun, Wilson, Richard K., Dinh, Huyen, Kovar, Christie, Lee, Sandra, Lewis, Lora, Muzny, Donna, Reid, Jeff, Wang, Min, Wang, Jun, Fang, Xiaodong, Guo, Xiaosen, Jian, Min, Jiang, Hui, Jin, Xin, Li, Guoqing, Li, Jingxiang, Li, Yingrui, Li, Zhuo, Liu, Xiao, Lu, Yao, Ma, Xuedi, Su, Zhe, Tai, Shuaishuai, Tang, Meifang, Wang, Bo, Wang, Guangbiao, Wu, Honglong, Wu, Renhua, Yin, Ye, Zhang, Wenwei, Zhao, Jiao, Zhao, Meiru, Zheng, Xiaole, Zhou, Yan, Lander, Eric S., Gabriel, Stacey B., Gupta, Namrata, Flicek, Paul, Clarke, Laura, Leinonen, Rasko, Smith, Richard E., Zheng-Bradley, Xiangqun, Bentley, David R., Grocock, Russell, Humphray, Sean, James, Terena, Kingsbury, Zoya, Lehrach, Hans, Sudbrak, Ralf, Albrecht, Marcus W., Amstislavskiy, Vyacheslav S., Borodina, Tatiana A., Lienhard, Matthias, Mertes, Florian, Sultan, Marc, Timmermann, Bernd, Yaspo, Marie-Laure, Sherry, Stephen T., McVean, Gil A., Mardis, Elaine R., Wilson, Richard K., Fulton, Lucinda, Fulton, Robert, Weinstock, George M., Durbin, Richard M., Balasubramaniam, Senduran, Burton, John, Danecek, Petr, Keane, Thomas M., Kolb-Kokocinski, Anja, McCarthy, Shane, Stalker, James, Quail, Michael, Schmidt, Jeanette P., Davies, Christopher J., Gollub, Jeremy, Webster, Teresa, Wong, Brant, Zhan, Yiping, Auton, Adam, Yu, Fuli, Bainbridge, Matthew, Challis, Danny, Evani, Uday S., Lu, James, Nagaswamy, Uma, Sabo, Aniko, Wang, Yi, Yu, Jin, Coin, Lachlan J. M., Fang, Lin, Li, Qibin, Li, Zhenyu, Lin, Haoxiang, Liu, Binghang, Luo, Ruibang, Qin, Nan, Shao, Haojing, Wang, Bingqiang, Xie, Yinlong, Ye, Chen, Yu, Chang, Zhang, Fan, Zheng, Hancheng, Zhu, Hongmei, Garrison, Erik P., Kural, Deniz, Lee, Wan-Ping, Fung Leong, Wen, Ward, Alistair N., Wu, Jiantao, Zhang, Mengyao, Lee, Charles, Griffin, Lauren, Hsieh, Chih-Heng, Mills, Ryan E., Shi, Xinghua, von Grotthuss, Marcin, Zhang, Chengsheng, Daly, Mark J., DePristo, Mark A., Banks, Eric, Bhatia, Gaurav, Carneiro, Mauricio O., del Angel, Guillermo, Genovese, Giulio, Handsaker, Robert E., Hartl, Chris, McCarroll, Steven A., Nemesh, James C., Poplin, Ryan E., Schaffner, Stephen F., Shakir, Khalid, Yoon, Seungtai C., Lihm, Jayon, Makarov, Vladimir, Jin, Hanjun, Kim, Wook, Cheol Kim, Ki, Korbel, Jan O., Rausch, Tobias, Beal, Kathryn, Cunningham, Fiona, Herrero, Javier, McLaren, William M., Ritchie, Graham R. S., Clark, Andrew G., Gottipati, Srikanth, Keinan, Alon, Rodriguez-Flores, Juan L., Sabeti, Pardis C., Grossman, Sharon R., Tabrizi, Shervin, Tariyal, Ridhi, Cooper, David N., Ball, Edward V., Stenson, Peter D., Barnes, Bret, Bauer, Markus, Keira Cheetham, R., Cox, Tony, Eberle, Michael, Kahn, Scott, Murray, Lisa, Peden, John, Shaw, Richard, Ye, Kai, Batzer, Mark A., Konkel, Miriam K., Walker, Jerilyn A., MacArthur, Daniel G., Lek, Monkol, Sudbrak, Herwig, Ralf, Shriver, Mark D., Bustamante, Carlos D., Byrnes, Jake K., De La Vega, Francisco M., Gravel, Simon, Kenny, Eimear E., Kidd, Jeffrey M., Lacroute, Phil, Maples, Brian K., Moreno-Estrada, Andres, Zakharia, Fouad, Halperin, Eran, Baran, Yael, Craig, David W., Christoforides, Alexis, Homer, Nils, Izatt, Tyler, Kurdoglu, Ahmet A., Sinari, Shripad A., Squire, Kevin, Xiao, Chunlin, Sebat, Jonathan, Bafna, Vineet, Ye, Kenny, Burchard, Esteban G., Hernandez, Ryan D., Gignoux, Christopher R., Haussler, David, Katzman, Sol J., James Kent, W., Howie, Bryan, Ruiz-Linares, Andres, Dermitzakis, Emmanouil T., Lappalainen, Tuuli, Devine, Scott E., Liu, Xinyue, Maroo, Ankit, Tallon, Luke J., Rosenfeld, Jeffrey A., Min Kang, Hyun, Anderson, Paul, Angius, Andrea, Bigham, Abigail, Blackwell, Tom, Busonero, Fabio, Cucca, Francesco, Fuchsberger, Christian, Jones, Chris, Jun, Goo, Li, Yun, Lyons, Robert, Maschio, Andrea, Porcu, Eleonora, Reinier, Fred, Sanna, Serena, Schlessinger, David, Sidore, Carlo, Tan, Adrian, Kate Trost, Mary, Awadalla, Philip, Hodgkinson, Alan, Lunter, Gerton, McVean, Gil A., Marchini, Jonathan L., Myers, Simon, Churchhouse, Claire, Delaneau, Olivier, Gupta-Hinch, Anjali, Iqbal, Zamin, Mathieson, Iain, Rimmer, Andy, Xifara, Dionysia K., Oleksyk, Taras K., Fu, Yunxin, Liu, Xiaoming, Xiong, Momiao, Jorde, Lynn, Witherspoon, David, Xing, Jinchuan, Eichler, Evan E., Browning, Brian L., Alkan, Can, Hajirasouliha, Iman, Hormozdiari, Fereydoun, Ko, Arthur, Sudmant, Peter H., Mardis, Elaine R., Chen, Ken, Chinwalla, Asif, Ding, Li, Dooling, David, Koboldt, Daniel C., McLellan, Michael D., Wallis, John W., Wendl, Michael C., Zhang, Qunyuan, Hurles, Matthew E., Tyler-Smith, Chris, Albers, Cornelis A., Ayub, Qasim, Chen, Yuan, Coffey, Alison J., Colonna, Vincenza, Huang, Ni, Jostins, Luke, Li, Heng, Scally, Aylwyn, Walter, Klaudia, Xue, Yali, Zhang, Yujun, Gerstein, Mark B., Abyzov, Alexej, Balasubramanian, Suganthi, Chen, Jieming, Clarke, Declan, Fu, Yao, Habegger, Lukas, Harmanci, Arif O., Jin, Mike, Khurana, Ekta, Jasmine Mu, Xinmeng, Sisu, Cristina, Lee, Charles, McCarroll, Steven A., Degenhardt, Jeremiah, Korbel, Jan O., Stütz, Adrian M., Church, Deanna, Michaelson, Jacob J., Eichler, Evan E., Hurles, Matthew E., Blackburne, Ben, Lindsay, Sarah J., Ning, Zemin, DePristo, Mark A., Min Kang, Hyun, Mardis, Elaine R., Yu, Fuli, Michelson, Leslie P., Tyler-Smith, Chris, Frankish, Adam, Harrow, Jennifer, Fowler, Gerald, Hale, Walker, Kalra, Divya, Flicek, Paul, Clarke, Laura, Barker, Jonathan, Kelman, Gavin, Kulesha, Eugene, Radhakrishnan, Rajesh, Roa, Asier, Smirnov, Dmitriy, Streeter, Ian, Toneva, Iliana, Vaughan, Brendan, Sherry, Stephen T., Ananiev, Victor, Belaia, Zinaida, Beloslyudtsev, Dimitriy, Bouk, Nathan, Chen, Chao, Cohen, Robert, Cook, Charles, Garner, John, Hefferon, Timothy, Kimelman, Mikhail, Liu, Chunlei, Lopez, John, Meric, Peter, OʼSullivan, Chris, Ostapchuk, Yuri, Phan, Lon, Ponomarov, Sergiy, Schneider, Valerie, Shekhtman, Eugene, Sirotkin, Karl, Slotta, Douglas, Zhang, Hua, Chakravarti, Aravinda, Knoppers, Bartha M., Barnes, Kathleen C., Beiswanger, Christine, Burchard, Esteban G., Bustamante, Carlos D., Cai, Hongyu, Cao, Hongzhi, Durbin, Richard M., Gharani, Neda, Henn, Brenna, Jones, Danielle, Jorde, Lynn, Kaye, Jane S., Kent, Alastair, Kerasidou, Angeliki, Mathias, Rasika, Ossorio, Pilar N., Parker, Michael, Reich, David, Rotimi, Charles N., Royal, Charmaine D., Sandoval, Karla, Su, Yeyang, Sudbrak, Ralf, Tian, Zhongming, Tishkoff, Sarah, Toji, Lorraine H., Tyler-Smith, Chris, Via, Marc, Wang, Yuhong, Yang, Huanming, Yang, Ling, Zhu, Jiayong, Bodmer, Walter, Bedoya, Gabriel, Ruiz-Linares, Andres, Zhi Ming, Cai, Yang, Gao, Jia You, Chu, Peltonen, Leena, Garcia-Montero, Andres, Orfao, Alberto, Dutil, Julie, Martinez-Cruzado, Juan C., Oleksyk, Taras K., Brooks, Lisa D., Felsenfeld, Adam L., McEwen, Jean E., Clemm, Nicholas C., Duncanson, Audrey, Dunn, Michael, Guyer, Mark S., Peterson, Jane L., Abecasis, Goncalo R., and Auton, Adam

Published
2012
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13. Mouse genomic variation and its effect on phenotypes and gene regulation

Author

Keane, Thomas M., Goodstadt, Leo, Danecek, Petr, White, Michael A., Wong, Kim, Yalcin, Binnaz, Heger, Andreas, Agam, Avigail, Slater, Guy, Goodson, Martin, Furlotte, Nicholas A., Eskin, Eleazar, Nellåker, Christoffer, Whitley, Helen, Cleak, James, Janowitz, Deborah, Hernandez-Pliego, Polinka, Edwards, Andrew, Belgard, Grant T., Oliver, Peter L., McIntyre, Rebecca E., Bhomra, Amarjit, Nicod, Jérôme, Gan, Xiangchao, Yuan, Wei, van der Weyden, Louise, Steward, Charles A., Bala, Sendu, Stalker, Jim, Mott, Richard, Durbin, Richard, Jackson, Ian J., Czechanski, Anne, Guerra-Assunção, José Afonso, Donahue, Leah Rae, Reinholdt, Laura G., Payseur, Bret A., Ponting, Chris P., Birney, Ewan, Flint, Jonathan, and Adams, David J.

Published
2011
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14. The variant call format and VCFtools

Author

Danecek, Petr, Auton, Adam, Abecasis, Goncalo, Albers, Cornelis A., Banks, Eric, DePristo, Mark A., Handsaker, Robert E., Lunter, Gerton, Marth, Gabor T., Sherry, Stephen T., McVean, Gilean, and Durbin, Richard

Published
2011
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15. A map of human genome variation from population-scale sequencing

Author

Durbin, Richard M., Altshuler, David L., Durbin, Richard M., Abecasis, Gonçalo R., Bentley, David R., Chakravarti, Aravinda, Clark, Andrew G., Collins, Francis S., De La Vega, Francisco M., Donnelly, Peter, Egholm, Michael, Flicek, Paul, Gabriel, Stacey B., Gibbs, Richard A., Knoppers, Bartha M., Lander, Eric S., Lehrach, Hans, Mardis, Elaine R., McVean, Gil A., Nickerson, Debbie A., Peltonen, Leena, Schafer, Alan J., Sherry, Stephen T., Wang, Jun, Wilson, Richard K., Gibbs, Richard A., Deiros, David, Metzker, Mike, Muzny, Donna, Reid, Jeff, Wheeler, David, Wang, Jun, Li, Jingxiang, Jian, Min, Li, Guoqing, Li, Ruiqiang, Liang, Huiqing, Tian, Geng, Wang, Bo, Wang, Jian, Wang, Wei, Yang, Huanming, Zhang, Xiuqing, Zheng, Huisong, Lander, Eric S., Altshuler, David L., Ambrogio, Lauren, Bloom, Toby, Cibulskis, Kristian, Fennell, Tim J., Gabriel, Stacey B., Jaffe, David B., Shefler, Erica, Sougnez, Carrie L., Bentley, David R., Gormley, Niall, Humphray, Sean, Kingsbury, Zoya, Koko-Gonzales, Paula, Stone, Jennifer, McKernan, Kevin J., Costa, Gina L., Ichikawa, Jeffry K., Lee, Clarence C., Sudbrak, Ralf, Lehrach, Hans, Borodina, Tatiana A., Dahl, Andreas, Davydov, Alexey N., Marquardt, Peter, Mertes, Florian, Nietfeld, Wilfiried, Rosenstiel, Philip, Schreiber, Stefan, Soldatov, Aleksey V., Timmermann, Bernd, Tolzmann, Marius, Egholm, Michael, Affourtit, Jason, Ashworth, Dana, Attiya, Said, Bachorski, Melissa, Buglione, Eli, Burke, Adam, Caprio, Amanda, Celone, Christopher, Clark, Shauna, Conners, David, Desany, Brian, Gu, Lisa, Guccione, Lorri, Kao, Kalvin, Kebbel, Andrew, Knowlton, Jennifer, Labrecque, Matthew, McDade, Louise, Mealmaker, Craig, Minderman, Melissa, Nawrocki, Anne, Niazi, Faheem, Pareja, Kristen, Ramenani, Ravi, Riches, David, Song, Wanmin, Turcotte, Cynthia, Wang, Shally, Mardis, Elaine R., Wilson, Richard K., Dooling, David, Fulton, Lucinda, Fulton, Robert, Weinstock, George, Durbin, Richard M., Burton, John, Carter, David M., Churcher, Carol, Coffey, Alison, Cox, Anthony, Palotie, Aarno, Quail, Michael, Skelly, Tom, Stalker, James, Swerdlow, Harold P., Turner, Daniel, De Witte, Anniek, Giles, Shane, Bainbridge, Matthew, Challis, Danny, Sabo, Aniko, Yu, Fuli, Yu, Jin, Fang, Xiaodong, Guo, Xiaosen, Li, Yingrui, Luo, Ruibang, Tai, Shuaishuai, Wu, Honglong, Zheng, Hancheng, Zheng, Xiaole, Zhou, Yan, Marth, Gabor T., Garrison, Erik P., Huang, Weichun, Indap, Amit, Kural, Deniz, Lee, Wan-Ping, Fung Leong, Wen, Quinlan, Aaron R., Stewart, Chip, Stromberg, Michael P., Ward, Alistair N., Wu, Jiantao, Lee, Charles, Mills, Ryan E., Shi, Xinghua, Daly, Mark J., DePristo, Mark A., Ball, Aaron D., Banks, Eric, Browning, Brian L., Garimella, Kiran V., Grossman, Sharon R., Handsaker, Robert E., Hanna, Matt, Hartl, Chris, Kernytsky, Andrew M., Korn, Joshua M., Li, Heng, Maguire, Jared R., McCarroll, Steven A., McKenna, Aaron, Nemesh, James C., Philippakis, Anthony A., Poplin, Ryan E., Price, Alkes, Rivas, Manuel A., Sabeti, Pardis C., Schaffner, Stephen F., Shlyakhter, Ilya A., Cooper, David N., Ball, Edward V., Mort, Matthew, Phillips, Andrew D., Stenson, Peter D., Sebat, Jonathan, Makarov, Vladimir, Ye, Kenny, Yoon, Seungtai C., Bustamante, Carlos D., Clark, Andrew G., Boyko, Adam, Degenhardt, Jeremiah, Gravel, Simon, Gutenkunst, Ryan N., Kaganovich, Mark, Keinan, Alon, Lacroute, Phil, Ma, Xin, Reynolds, Andy, Clarke, Laura, Flicek, Paul, Cunningham, Fiona, Herrero, Javier, Keenen, Stephen, Kulesha, Eugene, Leinonen, Rasko, McLaren, William M., Radhakrishnan, Rajesh, Smith, Richard E., Zalunin, Vadim, Zheng-Bradley, Xiangqun, Korbel, Jan O., Stütz, Adrian M., Humphray, Sean, Bauer, Markus, Cheetham, Keira R., Cox, Tony, Eberle, Michael, James, Terena, Kahn, Scott, Murray, Lisa, Ye, Kai, De La Vega, Francisco M., Fu, Yutao, Hyland, Fiona C. L., Manning, Jonathan M., McLaughlin, Stephen F., Peckham, Heather E., Sakarya, Onur, Sun, Yongming A., Tsung, Eric F., Batzer, Mark A., Konkel, Miriam K., Walker, Jerilyn A., Albrecht, Marcus W., Amstislavskiy, Vyacheslav S., Herwig, Ralf, Parkhomchuk, Dimitri V., Sherry, Stephen T., Agarwala, Richa, Khouri, Hoda M., Morgulis, Aleksandr O., Paschall, Justin E., Phan, Lon D., Rotmistrovsky, Kirill E., Sanders, Robert D., Shumway, Martin F., Xiao, Chunlin, McVean, Gil A., Auton, Adam, Iqbal, Zamin, Lunter, Gerton, Marchini, Jonathan L., Moutsianas, Loukas, Myers, Simon, Tumian, Afidalina, Desany, Brian, Knight, James, Winer, Roger, Craig, David W., Beckstrom-Sternberg, Steve M., Christoforides, Alexis, Kurdoglu, Ahmet A., Pearson, John V., Sinari, Shripad A., Tembe, Waibhav D., Haussler, David, Hinrichs, Angie S., Katzman, Sol J., Kern, Andrew, Kuhn, Robert M., Przeworski, Molly, Hernandez, Ryan D., Howie, Bryan, Kelley, Joanna L., Cord Melton, S., Abecasis, Gonçalo R., Li, Yun, Anderson, Paul, Blackwell, Tom, Chen, Wei, Cookson, William O., Ding, Jun, Min Kang, Hyun, Lathrop, Mark, Liang, Liming, Moffatt, Miriam F., Scheet, Paul, Sidore, Carlo, Snyder, Matthew, Zhan, Xiaowei, Zöllner, Sebastian, Awadalla, Philip, Casals, Ferran, Idaghdour, Youssef, Keebler, John, Stone, Eric A., Zilversmit, Martine, Jorde, Lynn, Xing, Jinchuan, Eichler, Evan E., Aksay, Gozde, Alkan, Can, Hajirasouliha, Iman, Hormozdiari, Fereydoun, Sahinalp, Cenk S., Sudmant, Peter H., Mardis, Elaine R., Chen, Ken, Chinwalla, Asif, Ding, Li, Koboldt, Daniel C., McLellan, Mike D., Wallis, John W., Wendl, Michael C., Zhang, Qunyuan, Albers, Cornelis A., Ayub, Qasim, Balasubramaniam, Senduran, Barrett, Jeffrey C., Chen, Yuan, Conrad, Donald F., Danecek, Petr, Dermitzakis, Emmanouil T., Hu, Min, Huang, Ni, Hurles, Matt E., Jin, Hanjun, Jostins, Luke, Keane, Thomas M., Quang Le, Si, Lindsay, Sarah, Long, Quan, MacArthur, Daniel G., Montgomery, Stephen B., Parts, Leopold, Tyler-Smith, Chris, Walter, Klaudia, Zhang, Yujun, Gerstein, Mark B., Snyder, Michael, Abyzov, Alexej, Balasubramanian, Suganthi, Bjornson, Robert, Du, Jiang, Grubert, Fabian, Habegger, Lukas, Haraksingh, Rajini, Jee, Justin, Khurana, Ekta, Lam, Hugo Y. K., Leng, Jing, Jasmine Mu, Xinmeng, Urban, Alexander E., Zhang, Zhengdong, Lee, Charles, McCarroll, Steven A., DePristo, Mark A., Korbel, Jan O., De La Vega, Francisco M., Blackwell, Tom, Eichler, Evan E., Kidd, Jeffrey M., Hurles, Matt E., Gibbs, Richard A., Coafra, Cristian, Dinh, Huyen, Kovar, Christie, Lee, Sandy, Nazareth, Lynne, Marth, Gabor T., Wilkinson, Jane, Flicek, Paul, Sherry, Stephen T., Abecasis, Gonçalo R., Mardis, Elaine R., Coffey, Allison, Scott, Carol, Gerstein, Mark B., Chakravarti, Aravinda, Knoppers, Bartha M., Bustamante, Carlos D., Gharani, Neda, Jorde, Lynn, Kaye, Jane S., Kent, Alastair, Li, Taosha, McGuire, Amy L., Ossorio, Pilar N., Rotimi, Charles N., Su, Yeyang, Toji, Lorraine H., Brooks, Lisa D., Felsenfeld, Adam L., McEwen, Jean E., Abdallah, Assya, Juenger, Christopher R., Clemm, Nicholas C., Duncanson, Audrey, Green, Eric D., Guyer, Mark S., and Peterson, Jane L.

Published
2010
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16. Rare Variant Analysis of Human and Rodent Obesity Genes in Individuals with Severe Childhood Obesity

Author

Hendricks, Audrey E., Bochukova, Elena G., Marenne, Gaëlle, Keogh, Julia M., Atanassova, Neli, Bounds, Rebecca, Wheeler, Eleanor, Mistry, Vanisha, Henning, Elana, Körner, Antje, Muddyman, Dawn, McCarthy, Shane, Hinney, Anke, Hebebrand, Johannes, Scott, Robert A., Langenberg, Claudia, Wareham, Nick J., Surendran, Praveen, Howson, Joanna M M, Butterworth, Adam S., Danesh, John, Nordestgaard, Børge G., Nielsen, Sune F., Afzal, Shoaib, Papadia, Sofia, Ashford, Sofie, Garg, Sumedha, Millhauser, Glenn L., Palomino, Rafael I., Kwasniewska, Alexandra, Tachmazidou, Ioanna, O'Rahilly, Stephen, Zeggini, Eleftheria, Barroso, Inês, Farooqi, I. Sadaf, Benzeval, Michaela, Burton, Jonathan, Buck, Nicholas, Jäckle, Annette, Kumari, Meena, Laurie, Heather, Lynn, Peter, Pudney, Stephen, Rabe, Birgitta, Wolke, Dieter, Overvad, Kim, Tjønneland, Anne, Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise, Kaaks, Rudolf, Boeing, Heiner, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Ferrari, Pietro, Palli, Domenico, Krogha, Vittorio, Panico, Salvatore, Tuminoa, Rosario, Matullo, Giuseppe, Boer, Jolanda Ma, Van Der Schouw, Yvonne, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Quiros, J. Ramon, Sánchez, María José, Navarro, Carmen, Moreno-Iribas, Conchi, Arriola, Larraitz, Melander, Olle, Wennberg, Patrik, Key, Timothy J., Riboli, Elio, Al-Turki, Saeed, Anderson, Carl A, Anney, Richard, Antony, Dinu, Soler Artigas, María, Ayub, Muhammad, Bala, Senduran, Barrett, Jeffrey C, Beales, Phil, Bentham, Jamie, Bhattacharyaa, Shoumo, Birney, Ewan, Blackwooda, Douglas, Bobrow, Martin, Bolton, Patrick F., Boustred, Chris, Breen, Gerome, Calissanoa, Mattia, Carss, Keren, Charlton, Ruth, Chatterjee, Krishna, Chen, Lu, Ciampia, Antonio, Cirak, Sebahattin, Clapham, Peter, Clement, Gail, Coates, Guy, Coccaa, Massimiliano, Collier, David A, Cosgrove, Catherine, Coxa, Tony, Craddock, Nick, Crooks, Lucy, Curran, Sarah, Curtis, David, Daly, Allan, Danecek, Petr, Day, Ian N M, Day-Williams, Aaron G, Dominiczak, Anna, Down, Thomas, Du, Yuanping, Dunham, Ian, Durbin, Richard, Edkins, Sarah, Ekong, Rosemary, Ellis, Peter, Evansa, David M., FitzPatrick, David R., Flicek, Paul, Floyd, James S., Foley, A. Reghan, Franklin, Christopher S., Futema, Marta, Gallagher, Louise, Gaunt, Tom R., Geihs, Matthias, Geschwind, Daniel H., Greenwood, Celia M.T., Griffin, Heather, Grozeva, Detelina, Guo, Xiaosen, Guo, Xueqin, Gurling, Hugh, Hart, Deborah J., Holmans, Peter A, Howie, Bryan, Huang, Jie, Huang, Liren, Hubbard, Tim, Humphries, Steve E., Hurles, Matthew E., Hysi, Pirro G., Iotchkova, Valentina, Jackson, David K., Jamshidi, Yalda, Joyce, Chris, Karczewski, Konrad J., Kaye, Jane, Keane, Thomas, Kemp, John P., Kennedy, Karen, Kent, Alastair, Khawaja, Farrah, Van Kogelenberg, Margriet, Kolb-Kokocinski, Anja, Lachance, Genevieve, Langford, Cordelia, Lawson, Daniel, Lee, Irene, Lek, Monkol, Li, Rui, Li, Yingrui, Liang, Jieqin, Lin, Hong, Liu, Ryan, Lönnqvist, Jouko, Lopes, Luis R., Lopes, Margarida, MacArthur, Daniel G., Mangino, Massimo, Marchini, Jonathan, Maslen, John, Mathieson, Iain, McGuffin, Peter, McIntosh, Andrew M., McKechanie, Andrew G., McQuillin, Andrew, Memari, Yasin, Metrustry, Sarah, Migone, Nicola, Min, Josine L., Mitchison, Hannah M, Moayyeri, Alireza, Morris, Andrew D., Morris, James, Muntoni, Francesco, Northstone, Kate, O'Donovan, Michael C., Onoufriadis, Alexandros, Oualkacha, Karim, Owen, Michael J, Palotie, Aarno, Panoutsopoulou, Kalliope, Parker, Victoria, Parr, Jeremy R., Paternoster, Lavinia, Paunio, Tiina, Payne, Felicity, Payne, Stewart J., Perry, John R. B., Pietilainen, Olli, Plagnol, Vincent, Pollitt, Rebecca C., Porteous, David J., Povey, Sue, Quail, Michael A., Quaye, Lydia, Raymond, F. Lucy, Rehnström, Karola, Richards, J Brent, Ridout, Cheryl K., Ring, Susan M., Ritchie, Graham R.S., Roberts, Nicola, Robinson, Rachel L., Savage, David B., Scambler, Peter, Schiffels, Stephan, Schmidts, Miriam, Schoenmakers, Nadia, Scott, Richard H., Semple, Robert K., Serra, Eva, Sharp, Sally I., Shaw, Adam, Shihab, Hashem A., Shin, So Youn, Skuse, David, Small, Kerrin S, Smee, Carol, Smith, Blair H., Davey Smith, George, Soranzo, Nicole, Southam, Lorraine, Spasic-Boskovic, Olivera, Spector, Timothy D, St Clair, David, St Pourcain, Beate, Stalker, Jim, Stevens, Elizabeth, Sun, Jianping, Surdulescu, Gabriela L, Suvisaari, Jaana, Syrris, Petros, Taylor, Rohan, Tian, Jing, Timpson, Nicholas J., Tobin, Martin D, Valdes, Ana M., Vandersteen, Anthony M., Vijayarangakannan, Parthiban, Visscher, Peter M., Wain, Louise V., Walter, Klaudia, Walters, James T.R., Wang, Guangbiao, Wang, Jun, Wang, Nai-Yu, Ward, Kirsten, Whyte, Tamieka, Williams, Hywel J., Williamson, Kathleen A., Wilson, Crispian, Wilson, Scott G., Wong, Kim, Xu, Changjiang, Yang, Jian, Zhang, Feng, Zhang, Pingbo, Zheng, Hou Feng, Hendricks, Audrey E., Bochukova, Elena G., Marenne, Gaã«lle, Keogh, Julia M., Atanassova, Neli, Bounds, Rebecca, Wheeler, Eleanor, Mistry, Vanisha, Henning, Elana, Kã¶rner, Antje, Muddyman, Dawn, Mccarthy, Shane, Hinney, Anke, Hebebrand, Johanne, Scott, Robert A., Langenberg, Claudia, Wareham, Nick J., Surendran, Praveen, Howson, Joanna M., Butterworth, Adam S., Danesh, John, Nordestgaard, Bã¸rge G, Nielsen, Sune F, Afzal, Shoaib, Papadia, Sofia, Ashford, Sofie, Garg, Sumedha, Millhauser, Glenn L., Palomino, Rafael I., Kwasniewska, Alexandra, Tachmazidou, Ioanna, O'Rahilly, Stephen, Zeggini, Eleftheria, Barroso, Inãª, Farooqi, I. Sadaf, Benzeval, Michaela, Burton, Jonathan, Buck, Nichola, Jã¤ckle, Annette, Kumari, Meena, Laurie, Heather, Lynn, Peter, Pudney, Stephen, Rabe, Birgitta, Wolke, Dieter, Overvad, Kim, Tjã¸nneland, Anne, Clavel chapelon, Francoise, Kaaks, Rudolf, Boeing, Heiner, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Ferrari, Pietro, Palli, Domenico, Krogha, Vittorio, Panico, Salvatore, Tuminoa, Rosario, Matullo, Giuseppe, Boer, Jolanda, Van Der Schouw, Yvonne, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Quiros, J. Ramon, Sã¡nchez, Marã­a josã©, Navarro, Carmen, Moreno iribas, Conchi, Arriola, Larraitz, Melander, Olle, Wennberg, Patrik, Key, Timothy J., Riboli, Elio, Turki, Saeed Al, Anderson, Carl A., Anney, Richard, Antony, Dinu, Soler Artigas, Marã­a, Ayub, Muhammad, Bala, Senduran, Barrett, Jeffrey C., Beales, Phil, Bentham, Jamie, Bhattacharyaa, Shoumo, Birney, Ewan, Blackwooda, Dougla, Bobrow, Martin, Bolton, Patrick F., Boustred, Chri, Breen, Gerome, Calissanoa, Mattia, Carss, Keren, Charlton, Ruth, Chatterjee, Krishna, Chen, Lu, Ciampia, Antonio, Cirak, Sebahattin, Clapham, Peter, Clement, Gail, Coates, Guy, Coccaa, Massimiliano, Collier, David A., Cosgrove, Catherine, Coxa, Tony, Craddock, Nick, Crooks, Lucy, Curran, Sarah, Curtis, David, Daly, Allan, Danecek, Petr, Day, Ian N. M., Day williams, Aaron, Dominiczak, Anna, Down, Thoma, Du, Yuanping, Dunham, Ian, Durbin, Richard, Edkins, Sarah, Ekong, Rosemary, Ellis, Peter, Evansa, David M., Fitzpatrick, David R., Flicek, Paul, Floyd, Jame, Foley, A. Reghan, Franklin, Christopher S., Futema, Marta, Gallagher, Louise, Gaunt, Tom R., Geihs, Matthia, Geschwind, Daniel, Greenwood, Celia M. T., Griffin, Heather, Grozeva, Detelina, Guo, Xiaosen, Guo, Xueqin, Gurling, Hugh, Hart, Deborah, Holmans, Peter, Howie, Bryan, Huang, Jie, Huang, Liren, Hubbard, Tim, Humphries, Steve E., Hurles, Matthew E., Hysi, Pirro, Iotchkova, Valentina, Jackson, David K., Jamshidi, Yalda, Joyce, Chri, Karczewski, Konrad J., Kaye, Jane, Keane, Thoma, Kemp, John P., Kennedy, Karen, Kent, Alastair, Khawaja, Farrah, Van Kogelenberg, Margriet, Kolb kokocinski, Anja, Lachance, Genevieve, Langford, Cordelia, Lawson, Daniel, Lee, Irene, Lek, Monkol, Li, Rui, Li, Yingrui, Liang, Jieqin, Lin, Hong, Liu, Ryan, Lã¶nnqvist, Jouko, Lopes, Luis R., Lopes, Margarida, Macarthur, Daniel G., Mangino, Massimo, Marchini, Jonathan, Maslen, John, Mathieson, Iain, Mcguffin, Peter, Mcintosh, Andrew M., Mckechanie, Andrew G., Mcquillin, Andrew, Memari, Yasin, Metrustry, Sarah, Migone, Nicola, Min, Josine L., Mitchison, Hannah M., Moayyeri, Alireza, Morris, Andrew, Morris, Jame, Muntoni, Francesco, Northstone, Kate, O'Donovan, Michael C., Onoufriadis, Alexandro, Oualkacha, Karim, Owen, Michael J., Palotie, Aarno, Panoutsopoulou, Kalliope, Parker, Victoria, Parr, Jeremy R., Paternoster, Lavinia, Paunio, Tiina, Payne, Felicity, Payne, Stewart J., Perry, John R. B., Pietilainen, Olli, Plagnol, Vincent, Pollitt, Rebecca C., Porteous, David J., Povey, Sue, Quail, Michael A., Quaye, Lydia, Raymond, F. Lucy, Rehnstrã¶m, Karola, Richards, J. Brent, Ridout, Cheryl K., Ring, Susan, Ritchie, Graham R. S., Roberts, Nicola, Robinson, Rachel L., Savage, David B., Scambler, Peter, Schiffels, Stephan, Schmidts, Miriam, Schoenmakers, Nadia, Scott, Richard H., Semple, Robert K., Serra, Eva, Sharp, Sally I., Shaw, Adam, Shihab, Hashem A., Shin, So youn, Skuse, David, Small, Kerrin S., Smee, Carol, Smith, Blair H., Davey Smith, George, Soranzo, Nicole, Southam, Lorraine, Spasic boskovic, Olivera, Spector, Timothy D., St Clair, David, St Pourcain, Beate, Stalker, Jim, Stevens, Elizabeth, Sun, Jianping, Surdulescu, Gabriela, Suvisaari, Jaana, Syrris, Petro, Taylor, Rohan, Tian, Jing, Timpson, Nicholas J., Tobin, Martin D., Valdes, Ana M., Vandersteen, Anthony M., Vijayarangakannan, Parthiban, Visscher, Peter M., Wain, Louise V., Walter, Klaudia, Walters, James T. R., Wang, Guangbiao, Wang, Jun, Wang, Yu, Ward, Kirsten, Whyte, Tamieka, Williams, Hywel J., Williamson, Kathleen A., Wilson, Crispian, Wilson, Scott G., Wong, Kim, Xu, Changjiang, Yang, Jian, Zhang, Feng, Zhang, Pingbo, and Zheng, Hou feng

Subjects
Multidisciplinary, Journal Article, General
Abstract

Obesity is a genetically heterogeneous disorder. Using targeted and whole-exome sequencing, we studied 32 human and 87 rodent obesity genes in 2,548 severely obese children and 1,117 controls. We identified 52 variants contributing to obesity in 2% of cases including multiple novel variants in GNAS, which were sometimes found with accelerated growth rather than short stature as describedw previously. Nominally significant associations were found for rare functional variants in BBS1, BBS9, GNAS, MKKS, CLOCK and ANGPTL6. The p.S284X variant in ANGPTL6 drives the association signal (rs201622589, MAF∼0.1%, odds ratio = 10.13, p-value = 0.042) and results in complete loss of secretion in cells. Further analysis including additional case-control studies and population controls (N = 260,642) did not support association of this variant with obesity (odds ratio = 2.34, p-value = 2.59 × 10-3), highlighting the challenges of testing rare variant associations and the need for very large sample sizes. Further validation in cohorts with severe obesity and engineering the variants in model organisms will be needed to explore whether human variants in ANGPTL6 and other genes that lead to obesity when deleted in mice, do contribute to obesity. Such studies may yield druggable targets for weight loss therapies.

Published
2017

17. Steroid receptor coactivator-1 modulates the function of Pomc neurons and energy homeostasis

Author

Yang, Yongjie, van der Klaauw, Agatha A., Zhu, Liangru, Cacciottolo, Tessa M., He, Yanlin, Stadler, Lukas K. J., Wang, Chunmei, Xu, Pingwen, Saito, Kenji, Hinton, Antentor, Yan, Xiaofeng, Keogh, Julia M., Henning, Elana, Banton, Matthew C., Hendricks, Audrey E., Bochukova, Elena G., Mistry, Vanisha, Lawler, Katherine L., Liao, Lan, Xu, Jianming, O'Rahilly, Stephen, Tong, Qingchun, Barroso, Ines, O'Malley, Bert W., Farooqi, I. Sadaf, Xu, Yong, Balasubramanian, Senduran, Clapham, Peter, Coates, Guy, Cox, Tony, Daly, Allan, Danecek, Petr, Du, Yuanping, Durbin, Richard, Edkins, Sarah, Ellis, Peter, Flicek, Paul, Guo, Xiaosen, Guo, Xueqin, Huang, Liren, Jackson, David K., Joyce, Chris, Keane, Thomas, Kolb-Kokocinski, Anja, Langford, Cordelia, Li, Yingrui, Liang, Jieqin, Lin, Hong, Liu, Ryan, Maslen, John, McCarthy, Shane, Muddyman, Dawn, Quail, Michael A., Stalker, Jim, Sun, Jianping, Tian, Jing, Wang, Guangbiao, Wang, Jun, Wang, Yu, Wong, Kim, Zhang, Pingbo, Birney, Ewan, Boustred, Chris, Brion, Marie-Jo, Chen, Lu, Clement, Gail, Smith, George Davey, Day, Ian N. M., Day-Williams, Aaron, Down, Thomas, Dunham, Ian, Evans, David M., Fatemifar, Ghazaleh, Gaunt, Tom R., Geihs, Matthias, Greenwood, Celia M. T., Hart, Deborah, Howie, Bryan, Huang, Jie, Hubbard, Tim, Hysi, Pirro, Iotchkova, Valentina, Jamshidi, Yalda, Kemp, John P., Lachance, Genevieve, Lawson, Daniel, Lek, Monkol, Lopes, Margarida, MacArthur, Daniel G., Marchini, Jonathan, Massimo, Mangino, Mathieson, Iain, Memari, Yasin, Metrustry, Sarah, Min, Josine L., Moayyeri, Alireza, Northstone, Kate, Panoutsopoulou, Kalliope, Paternoster, Lavinia, Perry, John R. B., Quaye, Lydia, Richards, J. Brent, Ring, Susan, Ritchie, Graham R. S., Schiffels, Stephan, Shihab, Hashem A., Shin, So-Youn, Small, Kerrin S., Artigas, Maria Soler, Soranzo, Nicole, Southam, Lorraine, Spector, Timothy D., St Pourcain, Beate, Surdulescu, Gabriela, Tachmazidou, Ioanna, Timpson, Nicholas J., Tobin, Martin D., Valdes, Ana M., Visscher, Peter M., Wain, Louise V., Walter, Klaudia, Ward, Kirsten, Wilson, Scott G., Yang, Jian, Zeggini, Eleftheria, Zhang, Feng, Zheng, Hou-Feng, Anney, Richard, Ayub, Muhammad, Barrett, Jeffrey C., Blackwood, Douglas, Bolton, Patrick F., Breen, Gerome, Collier, David A., Craddock, Nick, Crooks, Lucy, Curran, Sarah, Curtis, David, Gallagher, Louise, Geschwind, Daniel, Gurling, Hugh, Holmans, Peter, Lee, Irene, Lonnqvist, Jouko, McGuffin, Peter, McIntosh, Andrew M., McKechanie, Andrew G., McQuillin, Andrew, Morris, James, O'Donovan, Michael C., Owen, Michael J., Palotie, Aarno, Parr, Jeremy R., Paunio, Tiina, Pietilainen, Olli, Rehnstrom, Karola, Sharp, Sally I., Skuse, David, St Clair, David, Suvisaari, Jaana, Walters, James T. R., Williams, Hywel J., Bochukova, Elena, Bounds, Rebecca, Dominiczak, Anna, Keogh, Julia, Marenne, Gaelle, Morris, Andrew, Porteous, David J., Smith, Blair H., Wheeler, Eleanor, Al Turki, Saeed, Anderson, Carl A., Antony, Dinu, Beales, Phil, Bentham, Jamie, Bhattacharya, Shoumo, Calissano, Mattia, Carss, Keren, Chatterjee, Krishna, Cirak, Sebahattin, Cosgrove, Catherine, Fitzpatrick, David R., Floyd, James, Foley, A. Reghan, Franklin, Christopher S., Futema, Marta, Grozeva, Detelina, Humphries, Steve E., Hurles, Matthew E., Mitchison, Hannah M., Muntoni, Francesco, Onoufriadis, Alexandros, Parker, Victoria, Payne, Felicity, Plagnol, Vincent, Raymond, F. Lucy, Roberts, Nicola, Savage, David B., Scambler, Peter, Schmidts, Miriam, Schoenmakers, Nadia, Semple, Robert K., Serra, Eva, Spasic-Boskovic, Olivera, Stevens, Elizabeth, van Kogelenberg, Margriet, Vijayarangakannan, Parthiban, Williamson, Kathleen A., Wilson, Crispian, Whyte, Tamieka, Ciampi, Antonio, Li, Rui, Oualkacha, Karim, Xu, ChangJiang, Bobrow, Martin, Griffin, Heather, Kaye, Jane, Kennedy, Karen, Kent, Alastair, Smee, Carol, Charlton, Ruth, Ekong, Rosemary, Khawaja, Farrah, Lopes, Luis R., Migone, Nicola, Payne, Stewart J., Pollitt, Rebecca C., Povey, Sue, Ridout, Cheryl K., Robinson, Rachel L., Scott, Richard H., Shaw, Adam, Syrris, Petros, Taylor, Rohan, Vandersteen, Anthony M., Amuzu, Antoinette, Casas, Juan Pablo, Chambers, John C., Cocca, Massimiliano, Dedoussis, George, Gambaro, Giovanni, Gasparini, Paolo, Isaacs, Aaron, Johnson, Jon, Kleber, Marcus E., Kooner, Jaspal S., Langenberg, Claudia, Luan, Jian'an, Malerba, Giovanni, Marz, Winfried, Matchan, Angela, Morris, Richard, Nordestgaard, Børge G., Benn, Marianne, Scott, Robert A., Toniolo, Daniela, Traglia, Michela, Tybjaerg-Hansen, Anne, van Duijn, Cornelia M., van Leeuwen, Elisabeth M., Varbo, Anette, Whincup, Peter, Zaza, Gianluigi, and Zhang, Weihua

Published
2019

18. Twelve years of SAMtools and BCFtools.

Author

Danecek, Petr, Bonfield, James K, Liddle, Jennifer, Marshall, John, Ohan, Valeriu, Pollard, Martin O, Whitwham, Andrew, Keane, Thomas, McCarthy, Shane A, Davies, Robert M, and Li, Heng

Subjects
*DOCUMENTATION, *COMPUTER software
Abstract

Background SAMtools and BCFtools are widely used programs for processing and analysing high-throughput sequencing data. They include tools for file format conversion and manipulation, sorting, querying, statistics, variant calling, and effect analysis amongst other methods. Findings The first version appeared online 12 years ago and has been maintained and further developed ever since, with many new features and improvements added over the years. The SAMtools and BCFtools packages represent a unique collection of tools that have been used in numerous other software projects and countless genomic pipelines. Conclusion Both SAMtools and BCFtools are freely available on GitHub under the permissive MIT licence, free for both non-commercial and commercial use. Both packages have been installed >1 million times via Bioconda. The source code and documentation are available from https://www.htslib.org. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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19. HTSlib: C library for reading/writing high-throughput sequencing data.

Author

Bonfield, James K, Marshall, John, Danecek, Petr, Li, Heng, Ohan, Valeriu, Whitwham, Andrew, Keane, Thomas, and Davies, Robert M

Subjects
YARN, SOFTWARE development tools, LIBRARY software, PYTHON programming language, SEQUENCE alignment, ELECTRONIC data processing, STANDARDS
Abstract

Background Since the original publication of the VCF and SAM formats, an explosion of software tools have been created to process these data files. To facilitate this a library was produced out of the original SAMtools implementation, with a focus on performance and robustness. The file formats themselves have become international standards under the jurisdiction of the Global Alliance for Genomics and Health. Findings We present a software library for providing programmatic access to sequencing alignment and variant formats. It was born out of the widely used SAMtools and BCFtools applications. Considerable improvements have been made to the original code plus many new features including newer access protocols, the addition of the CRAM file format, better indexing and iterators, and better use of threading. Conclusion Since the original Samtools release, performance has been considerably improved, with a BAM read-write loop running 5 times faster and BAM to SAM conversion 13 times faster (both using 16 threads, compared to Samtools 0.1.19). Widespread adoption has seen HTSlib downloaded >1 million times from GitHub and conda. The C library has been used directly by an estimated 900 GitHub projects and has been incorporated into Perl, Python, Rust, and R, significantly expanding the number of uses via other languages. HTSlib is open source and is freely available from htslib.org under MIT/BSD license. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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20. An organelle-specific protein landscape identifies novel diseases and molecular mechanisms

Author

Boldt, Karsten, van Reeuwijk, Jeroen, Dougherty, Gerard, Lamers, Ideke J C, Coene, Karlien L M, Arts, Heleen H, Betts, Matthew J, Beyer, Tina, Bolat, Emine, Gloeckner, Christian Johannes, Haidari, Khatera, Hetterschijt, Lisette, Lu, Qianhao, Iaconis, Daniela, Jenkins, Dagan, Klose, Franziska, Knapp, Barbara, Latour, Brooke, Letteboer, Stef J F, Marcelis, Carlo L, Mitic, Dragana, Morleo, Manuela, Oud, Machteld M, Koutroumpas, Konstantinos, Riemersma, Moniek, Rix, Susan, Terhal, Paulien A, Toedt, Grischa, van Dam, Teunis J P, de Vrieze, Erik, Wissinger, Yasmin, Wu, Ka Man, Apic, Gordana, Beales, Philip L, Nguyen, Thanh-Minh T, Blacque, Oliver E, Gibson, Toby J, Huynen, Martijn A, Katsanis, Nicholas, Kremer, Hannie, Omran, Heymut, van Wijk, Erwin, Wolfrum, Uwe, Kepes, François, Davis, Erica E, Texier, Yves, Franco, Brunella, Giles, Rachel H, Ueffing, Marius, Russell, Robert B, Roepman, Ronald, Group, UK10K Rare Diseases, Al-Turki, Saeed, Anderson, Carl, Antony, Dinu, Barroso, Inês, van Beersum, Sylvia E C, Bentham, Jamie, Bhattacharya, Shoumo, Carss, Keren, Chatterjee, Krishna, Cirak, Sebahattin, Cosgrove, Catherine, Danecek, Petr, Durbin, Richard, Fitzpatrick, David, Floyd, Jamie, Horn, Nicola, Reghan Foley, A., Franklin, Chris, Futema, Marta, Humphries, Steve E, Hurles, Matt, Joyce, Chris, McCarthy, Shane, Mitchison, Hannah M, Muddyman, Dawn, Muntoni, Francesco, Willer, Jason R, O'Rahilly, Stephen, Onoufriadis, Alexandros, Payne, Felicity, Plagnol, Vincent, Raymond, Lucy, Savage, David B, Scambler, Peter, Schmidts, Miriam, Schoenmakers, Nadia, Semple, Robert, Mans, Dorus A, Serra, Eva, Stalker, Jim, van Kogelenberg, Margriet, Vijayarangakannan, Parthiban, Walter, Klaudia, Whittall, Ros, Williamson, Kathy, Boldt, K, van Reeuwijk, J, Lu, Q, Koutroumpas, K, Nguyen, Tmt, Texier, Y, van Beersum, Sec, Horn, N, Willer, Jr, Mans, Da, Dougherty, G, Lamers, Ijc, Coene, Klm, Arts, Hh, Betts, Mj, Beyer, T, Bolat, E, Gloeckner, Cj, Haidari, K, Hetterschijt, L, Iaconis, D, Jenkins, D, Klose, F, Knapp, B, Latour, B, Letteboer, Sjf, Marcelis, Cl, Mitic, D, Morleo, M, Oud, Mm, Riemersma, M, Rix, S, Terhal, Pa, Toedt, G, van Dam, Tjp, de Vrieze, E, Wissinger, Y, Wu, Km, Apic, G, Beales, Pl, Blacque, Oe, Gibson, Tj, Huynen, Ma, Katsanis, N, Kremer, H, Omran, H, van Wijk, E, Wolfrum, U, Kepes, F, Davis, Ee, Franco, B, Giles, Rh, Ueffing, M, Russell, Rb, Roepman, R, Boldt, Karsten, Van Reeuwijk, Jeroen, Lu, Qianhao, Koutroumpas, Konstantino, Nguyen, Thanh Minh T., Texier, Yve, Van Beersum, Sylvia E. C., Horn, Nicola, Willer, Jason R., Mans, Dorus A., Dougherty, Gerard, Lamers, Ideke J. C., Coene, Karlien L. M., Arts, Heleen H., Betts, Matthew J., Beyer, Tina, Bolat, Emine, Gloeckner, Christian Johanne, Haidari, Khatera, Hetterschijt, Lisette, Iaconis, Daniela, Jenkins, Dagan, Klose, Franziska, Knapp, Barbara, Latour, Brooke, Letteboer, Stef J. F., Marcelis, Carlo L., Mitic, Dragana, Morleo, Manuela, Oud, Machteld M., Riemersma, Moniek, Rix, Susan, Terhal, Paulien A., Toedt, Grischa, Van Dam, Teunis J. P., De Vrieze, Erik, Wissinger, Yasmin, Wu, Ka Man, Al Turki, Saeed, Anderson, Carl, Antony, Dinu, Barroso, Inê, Bentham, Jamie, Bhattacharya, Shoumo, Carss, Keren, Chatterjee, Krishna, Cirak, Sebahattin, Cosgrove, Catherine, Danecek, Petr, Durbin, Richard, Fitzpatrick, David, Floyd, Jamie, Foley, A. Reghan, Franklin, Chri, Futema, Marta, Humphries, Steve E., Hurles, Matt, Joyce, Chri, Mccarthy, Shane, Mitchison, Hannah M., Muddyman, Dawn, Muntoni, Francesco, O'Rahilly, Stephen, Onoufriadis, Alexandro, Payne, Felicity, Plagnol, Vincent, Raymond, Lucy, Savage, David B., Scambler, Peter, Schmidts, Miriam, Schoenmakers, Nadia, Semple, Robert, Serra, Eva, Stalker, Jim, Van Kogelenberg, Margriet, Vijayarangakannan, Parthiban, Walter, Klaudia, Whittall, Ro, Williamson, Kathy, Apic, Gordana, Beales, Philip L., Blacque, Oliver E., Gibson, Toby J., Huynen, Martijn A., Katsanis, Nichola, Kremer, Hannie, Omran, Heymut, Van Wijk, Erwin, Wolfrum, Uwe, Kepes, Françoi, Davis, Erica E., Franco, Brunella, Giles, Rachel H., Ueffing, Mariu, Russell, Robert B., and Roepman, Ronald

Subjects
Proteomics, 0301 basic medicine, Systems Analysis, DNA Mutational Analysis, lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 4], General Physics and Astronomy, Datasets as Topic, methods [Chromatography, Affinity], Sensory disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 12], Chromatography, Affinity, Mass Spectrometry, Protein Interaction Mapping, therapy [Ciliopathies], genetics [Ciliopathies], methods [Molecular Targeted Therapy], Molecular Targeted Therapy, Protein Interaction Maps, Multidisciplinary, Cilium, Chemistry (all), abnormalities [Spine], pathology [Ciliopathies], genetics [Muscle Hypotonia], therapy [Muscle Hypotonia], Metabolic Disorders Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 6], metabolism [Proteins], isolation & purification [Proteins], physiology [Biological Transport], 3. Good health, Cell biology, Vesicular transport protein, pathology [Dwarfism], metabolism [Cilia], Muscle Hypotonia, ddc:500, pathology [Muscle Hypotonia], pathology [Spine], genetics [Dwarfism], Rare cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 9], Science, Dwarfism, Exocyst, Biology, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Physics and Astronomy (all), 03 medical and health sciences, Intraflagellar transport, Ciliogenesis, Organelle, Humans, Cilia, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), Proteins, Biological Transport, General Chemistry, therapy [Dwarfism], Fibroblasts, genetics [Proteins], Ciliopathies, Spine, methods [Protein Interaction Mapping], Renal disorders Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 11], 030104 developmental biology, Proteostasis, HEK293 Cells, methods [Proteomics]
Abstract

Cellular organelles provide opportunities to relate biological mechanisms to disease. Here we use affinity proteomics, genetics and cell biology to interrogate cilia: poorly understood organelles, where defects cause genetic diseases. Two hundred and seventeen tagged human ciliary proteins create a final landscape of 1,319 proteins, 4,905 interactions and 52 complexes. Reverse tagging, repetition of purifications and statistical analyses, produce a high-resolution network that reveals organelle-specific interactions and complexes not apparent in larger studies, and links vesicle transport, the cytoskeleton, signalling and ubiquitination to ciliary signalling and proteostasis. We observe sub-complexes in exocyst and intraflagellar transport complexes, which we validate biochemically, and by probing structurally predicted, disruptive, genetic variants from ciliary disease patients. The landscape suggests other genetic diseases could be ciliary including 3M syndrome. We show that 3M genes are involved in ciliogenesis, and that patient fibroblasts lack cilia. Overall, this organelle-specific targeting strategy shows considerable promise for Systems Medicine., Mutations in proteins that localize to primary cilia cause devastating diseases, yet the primary cilium is a poorly understood organelle. Here the authors use interaction proteomics to identify a network of human ciliary proteins that provides new insights into several biological processes and diseases.

Published
2016

21. Evidence for 28 genetic disorders discovered by combining healthcare and research data.

Author

Kaplanis, Joanna, Samocha, Kaitlin E., Wiel, Laurens, Zhang, Zhancheng, Arvai, Kevin J., Eberhardt, Ruth Y., Gallone, Giuseppe, Lelieveld, Stefan H., Martin, Hilary C., McRae, Jeremy F., Short, Patrick J., Torene, Rebecca I., de Boer, Elke, Danecek, Petr, Gardner, Eugene J., Huang, Ni, Lord, Jenny, Martincorena, Iñigo, Pfundt, Rolph, and Reijnders, Margot R. F.

Abstract

De novo mutations in protein-coding genes are a well-established cause of developmental disorders1. However, genes known to be associated with developmental disorders account for only a minority of the observed excess of such de novo mutations1,2. Here, to identify previously undescribed genes associated with developmental disorders, we integrate healthcare and research exome-sequence data from 31,058 parent–offspring trios of individuals with developmental disorders, and develop a simulation-based statistical test to identify gene-specific enrichment of de novo mutations. We identified 285 genes that were significantly associated with developmental disorders, including 28 that had not previously been robustly associated with developmental disorders. Although we detected more genes associated with developmental disorders, much of the excess of de novo mutations in protein-coding genes remains unaccounted for. Modelling suggests that more than 1,000 genes associated with developmental disorders have not yet been described, many of which are likely to be less penetrant than the currently known genes. Research access to clinical diagnostic datasets will be critical for completing the map of genes associated with developmental disorders. By integrating healthcare and exome-sequencing data from parent–offspring trios of patients with developmental disorders, 28 genes that had not previously been associated with developmental disorders were identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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22. Single-cell RNA-sequencing of differentiating iPS cells reveals dynamic genetic effects on gene expression.

Author

Cuomo, Anna S. E., Seaton, Daniel D., McCarthy, Davis J., Martinez, Iker, Bonder, Marc Jan, Garcia-Bernardo, Jose, Amatya, Shradha, Madrigal, Pedro, Isaacson, Abigail, Buettner, Florian, Knights, Andrew, Natarajan, Kedar Nath, HipSci Consortium, Agu, Chukwuma A., Alderton, Alex, Danecek, Petr, Denton, Rachel, Durbin, Richard, Gaffney, Daniel J., and Goncalves, Angela

Subjects
INDUCED pluripotent stem cells, PLURIPOTENT stem cells, GENE expression, CYTOLOGY, STEM cells, BIOMEDICAL materials
Abstract

Recent developments in stem cell biology have enabled the study of cell fate decisions in early human development that are impossible to study in vivo. However, understanding how development varies across individuals and, in particular, the influence of common genetic variants during this process has not been characterised. Here, we exploit human iPS cell lines from 125 donors, a pooled experimental design, and single-cell RNA-sequencing to study population variation of endoderm differentiation. We identify molecular markers that are predictive of differentiation efficiency of individual lines, and utilise heterogeneity in the genetic background across individuals to map hundreds of expression quantitative trait loci that influence expression dynamically during differentiation and across cellular contexts. Studying the genetic effects on early stages of human development is challenging due to a scarcity of biological material. Here, the authors utilise induced pluripotent stem cells from 125 donors to track gene expression changes and expression quantitative trait loci at single cell resolution during in vitro endoderm differentiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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23. Comparison of quantitative conformer analyses by nuclear magnetic resonance and Raman optical activity spectra for model dipeptides

Author

Budesinsky, Milos, Danecek, Petr, Bednarova, Lucie, Kapitan, Josef, Baumruk, Vladimir, and Bour, Petr

Subjects
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy -- Usage, Peptides -- Chemical properties, Peptides -- Structure, Raman effect -- Analysis, Solvation -- Analysis, Chemicals, plastics and rubber industries
Abstract

The interpretation of Raman optical activity (ROA) of peptides is difficult due to molecular flexibility and interaction with the solvent and hence the simulations and the experiments are compared with the NMR couplings. The results are supported by molecular dynamics simulations and are related to the conformational studies of the similar molecules.

Published
2008

24. Erratum: Whole-genome sequence-based analysis of thyroid function

Author

Taylor, Peter N, Porcu, Eleonora, Chew, Shelby, Campbell, Purdey J, Traglia, Michela, Brown, Suzanne J, Mullin, Benjamin H, Shihab, Hashem A, Min, Josine, Walter, Klaudia, Memari, Yasin, Huang, Jie, Barnes, Michael R, Beilby, John P, Charoen, Pimphen, Danecek, Petr, Dudbridge, Frank, Forgetta, Vincenzo, Greenwood, Celia, Grundberg, Elin, Johnson, Andrew D, Hui, Jennie, Lim, Ee M, McCarthy, Shane, Muddyman, Dawn, Panicker, Vijay, Perry, John RB, Bell, Jordana T, Yuan, Wei, Relton, Caroline, Gaunt, Tom, Schlessinger, David, Abecasis, Goncalo, Cucca, Francesco, Surdulescu, Gabriela L, Woltersdorf, Wolfram, Zeggini, Eleftheria, Zheng, Hou-Feng, Toniolo, Daniela, Dayan, Colin M, Naitza, Silvia, Walsh, John P, Spector, Tim, Smith, George Davey, Durbin, Richard, Richards, J Brent, Sanna, Serena, Soranzo, Nicole, Timpson, Nicholas J, Wilson, Scott G, and UK10K Consortium

Published
2015

25. Erratum: A rare variant in APOC3 is associated with plasma triglyceride and VLDL levels in Europeans

Author

Timpson, Nicholas J., Walter, Klaudia, Min, Josine L., Tachmazidou, Ioanna, Malerba, Giovanni, Shin, So-Youn, Chen, Lu, Futema, Marta, Southam, Lorraine, Iotchkova, Valentina, Cocca, Massimiliano, Huang, Jie, Memari, Yasin, McCarthy, Shane, Danecek, Petr, Muddyman, Dawn, Mangino, Massimo, Menni, Cristina, Perry, John R. B., Ring, Susan M., Gaye, Amadou, Dedoussis, George, Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni, Burton, Paul, Talmud, Philippa J., Gambaro, Giovanni, Spector, Tim D., Smith, George Davey, Durbin, Richard, Richards, J. Brent, Humphries, Steve E., Zeggini, Eleftheria, and Soranzo, Nicole

Subjects
Male, Apolipoprotein C-III, Multidisciplinary, Polymorphism, Genetic, Twins, General Physics and Astronomy, General Chemistry, Lipoproteins, VLDL, Middle Aged, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, White People, Alternative Splicing, Gene Frequency, Humans, Female, Erratum, Child, Lipoproteins, HDL, Alleles, Triglycerides
Abstract

The analysis of rich catalogues of genetic variation from population-based sequencing provides an opportunity to screen for functional effects. Here we report a rare variant in APOC3 (rs138326449-A, minor allele frequency ~0.25% (UK)) associated with plasma triglyceride (TG) levels (-1.43 s.d. (s.e.=0.27 per minor allele (P-value=8.0 × 10(-8))) discovered in 3,202 individuals with low read-depth, whole-genome sequence. We replicate this in 12,831 participants from five additional samples of Northern and Southern European origin (-1.0 s.d. (s.e.=0.173), P-value=7.32 × 10(-9)). This is consistent with an effect between 0.5 and 1.5 mmol l(-1) dependent on population. We show that a single predicted splice donor variant is responsible for association signals and is independent of known common variants. Analyses suggest an independent relationship between rs138326449 and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. This represents one of the first examples of a rare, large effect variant identified from whole-genome sequencing at a population scale.

Published
2015

26. Very low-depth whole-genome sequencing in complex trait association studies.

Author

Gilly, Arthur, Southam, Lorraine, Suveges, Daniel, Kuchenbaecker, Karoline, Moore, Rachel, Melloni, Giorgio E M, Hatzikotoulas, Konstantinos, Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni, Ritchie, Graham, Schwartzentruber, Jeremy, Danecek, Petr, Kilian, Britt, Pollard, Martin O, Ge, Xiangyu, Tsafantakis, Emmanouil, Dedoussis, George, and Zeggini, Eleftheria

Subjects
INTERNET servers, GENOTYPES, ALLELES, BIOINFORMATICS, PIPELINES, GENOME-wide association studies, EXOMES, GENETIC correlations
Abstract

Motivation Very low-depth sequencing has been proposed as a cost-effective approach to capture low-frequency and rare variation in complex trait association studies. However, a full characterization of the genotype quality and association power for very low-depth sequencing designs is still lacking. Results We perform cohort-wide whole-genome sequencing (WGS) at low depth in 1239 individuals (990 at 1× depth and 249 at 4× depth) from an isolated population, and establish a robust pipeline for calling and imputing very low-depth WGS genotypes from standard bioinformatics tools. Using genotyping chip, whole-exome sequencing (75× depth) and high-depth (22×) WGS data in the same samples, we examine in detail the sensitivity of this approach, and show that imputed 1× WGS recapitulates 95.2% of variants found by imputed GWAS with an average minor allele concordance of 97% for common and low-frequency variants. In our study, 1× further allowed the discovery of 140 844 true low-frequency variants with 73% genotype concordance when compared to high-depth WGS data. Finally, using association results for 57 quantitative traits, we show that very low-depth WGS is an efficient alternative to imputed GWAS chip designs, allowing the discovery of up to twice as many true association signals than the classical imputed GWAS design. Availability and implementation The HELIC genotype and WGS datasets have been deposited to the European Genome-phenome Archive (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ega/home): EGAD00010000518; EGAD00010000522; EGAD00010000610; EGAD00001001636, EGAD00001001637. The peakplotter software is available at https://github.com/wtsi-team144/peakplotter , the transformPhenotype app can be downloaded at https://github.com/wtsi-team144/transformPhenotype. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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27. Induction of Neural Crest Stem Cells From Bardet–Biedl Syndrome Patient Derived hiPSCs.

Author

Barrell, William B., Griffin, John N., Harvey, Jessica-Lily, Danovi, Davide, Beales, Philip, Grigoriadis, Agamemnon E., Liu, Karen J., Durbin, Richard, Gaffney, Daniel, Agu, Chukwuma, Alderton, Alex, Amatya, Shrada, Danecek, Petr, Denton, Rachel, Goncalves, Angela, Halai, Reena, Harper, Sarah, Kirton, Chris, Knights, Andrew, and Kolb-Kokocinski, Anja

Subjects
PLURIPOTENT stem cells, NEURAL stem cells, LAURENCE-Moon-Biedl syndrome, NEURAL crest, FACIAL bones, GENE expression profiling
Abstract

Neural crest cells arise in the embryo from the neural plate border and migrate throughout the body, giving rise to many different tissue types such as bones and cartilage of the face, smooth muscles, neurons, and melanocytes. While studied extensively in animal models, neural crest development and disease have been poorly described in humans due to the challenges in accessing embryonic tissues. In recent years, patient-derived human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have become easier to generate, and several streamlined protocols have enabled robust differentiation of hiPSCs to the neural crest lineage. Thus, a unique opportunity is offered for modeling neurocristopathies using patient specific stem cell lines. In this work, we make use of hiPSCs derived from patients affected by the Bardet–Biedl Syndrome (BBS) ciliopathy. BBS patients often exhibit subclinical craniofacial dysmorphisms that are likely to be associated with the neural crest-derived facial skeleton. We focus on hiPSCs carrying variants in the BBS10 gene, which encodes a protein forming part of a chaperonin-like complex associated with the cilium. Here, we establish a pipeline for profiling hiPSCs during differentiation toward the neural crest stem cell fate. This can be used to characterize the differentiation properties of the neural crest-like cells. Two different BBS10 mutant lines showed a reduction in expression of the characteristic neural crest gene expression profile. Further analysis of both BBS10 mutant lines highlighted the inability of these mutant lines to differentiate toward a neural crest fate, which was also characterized by a decreased WNT and BMP response. Altogether, our study suggests a requirement for wild-type BBS10 in human neural crest development. In the long term, approaches such as the one we describe will allow direct comparison of disease-specific cell lines. This will provide valuable insights into the relationships between genetic background and heterogeneity in cellular models. The possibility of integrating laboratory data with clinical phenotypes will move us toward precision medicine approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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28. A Method for Checking Genomic Integrity in Cultured Cell Lines from SNP Genotyping Data.

Author

Danecek, Petr, McCarthy, Shane A., null, null, and Durbin, Richard

Subjects
*CELL lines, *CELL culture, *SINGLE nucleotide polymorphisms, *GENOTYPES, *GENETIC testing, *DNA copy number variations
Abstract

Genomic screening for chromosomal abnormalities is an important part of quality control when establishing and maintaining stem cell lines. We present a new method for sensitive detection of copy number alterations, aneuploidy, and contamination in cell lines using genome-wide SNP genotyping data. In contrast to other methods designed for identifying copy number variations in a single sample or in a sample composed of a mixture of normal and tumor cells, this new method is tailored for determining differences between cell lines and the starting material from which they were derived, which allows us to distinguish between normal and novel copy number variation. We implemented the method in the freely available BCFtools package and present results based on induced pluripotent stem cell lines obtained in the HipSci project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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29. BCFtools/csq: haplotype-aware variant consequences.

Author

Danecek, Petr and McCarthy, Shane A.

Subjects
*HAPLOTYPES, *ACQUISITION of data, *HUMAN genetic variation, *GENOMES, *GENE expression
Abstract

Motivation: Prediction of functional variant consequences is an important part of sequencing pipelines, allowing the categorization and prioritization of genetic variants for follow up analysis. However, current predictors analyze variants as isolated events, which can lead to incorrect predictions when adjacent variants alter the same codon, or when a frame-shifting indel is followed by a frame-restoring indel. Exploiting known haplotype information when making consequence predictions can resolve these issues. Results: BCFtools/csq is a fast program for haplotype-aware consequence calling which can take into account known phase. Consequence predictions are changed for 501 of 5019 compound variants found in the 81.7M variants in the 1000 Genomes Project data, with an average of 139 compound variants per haplotype. Predictions match existing tools when run in localized mode, but the program is an order of magnitude faster and requires an order of magnitude less memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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31. BCFtools/RoH: a hidden Markov model approach for detecting autozygosity from next-generation sequencing data.

Author

Narasimhan, Vagheesh, Danecek, Petr, Scally, Aylwyn, Yali Xue, Tyler-Smith, Chris, and Durbin, Richard

Subjects
*HOMOZYGOSITY, *GENOMICS, *CHROMOSOMES, *ZYGOTES, *NUCLEOTIDE sequence
Abstract

Summary: Runs of homozygosity (RoHs) are genomic stretches of a diploid genome that show identical alleles on both chromosomes. Longer RoHs are unlikely to have arisen by chance but are likely to denote autozygosity, whereby both copies of the genome descend from the same recent ancestor. Early tools to detect RoH used genotype array data, but substantially more information is available from sequencing data. Here, we present and evaluate BCFtools/RoH, an extension to the BCFtools software package, that detects regions of autozygosity in sequencing data, in particular exome data, using a hidden Markov model. By applying it to simulated data and real data from the 1000 Genomes Project we estimate its accuracy and show that it has higher sensitivity and specificity than existing methods under a range of sequencing error rates and levels of autozygosity. Availability and implementation: BCFtools/RoH and its associated binary/source files are freely available from https://github.com/samtools/BCFtools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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32. Improved imputation of low-frequency and rare variants using the UK10K haplotype reference panel

Author

Huang, Jie, Howie, Bryan, McCarthy, Shane, Memari, Yasin, Walter, Klaudia, Min, Josine L., Danecek, Petr, Malerba, Giovanni, Trabetti, Elisabetta, Zheng, Hou-Feng, Al Turki, Saeed, Amuzu, Antoinette, Anderson, Carl A., Anney, Richard, Antony, Dinu, Artigas, María Soler, Ayub, Muhammad, Bala, Senduran, Barrett, Jeffrey C., Barroso, Inês, Beales, Phil, Benn, Marianne, Bentham, Jamie, Bhattacharya, Shoumo, Birney, Ewan, Blackwood, Douglas, Bobrow, Martin, Bochukova, Elena, Bolton, Patrick F., Bounds, Rebecca, Boustred, Chris, Breen, Gerome, Calissano, Mattia, Carss, Keren, Pablo Casas, Juan, Chambers, John C., Charlton, Ruth, Chatterjee, Krishna, Chen, Lu, Ciampi, Antonio, Cirak, Sebahattin, Clapham, Peter, Clement, Gail, Coates, Guy, Cocca, Massimiliano, Collier, David A., Cosgrove, Catherine, Cox, Tony, Craddock, Nick, Crooks, Lucy, Curran, Sarah, Curtis, David, Daly, Allan, Day, Ian N. M., Day-Williams, Aaron, Dedoussis, George, Down, Thomas, Du, Yuanping, van Duijn, Cornelia M., Dunham, Ian, Edkins, Sarah, Ekong, Rosemary, Ellis, Peter, Evans, David M., Farooqi, I. Sadaf, Fitzpatrick, David R., Flicek, Paul, Floyd, James, Foley, A. Reghan, Franklin, Christopher S., Futema, Marta, Gallagher, Louise, Gasparini, Paolo, Gaunt, Tom R., Geihs, Matthias, Geschwind, Daniel, Greenwood, Celia, Griffin, Heather, Grozeva, Detelina, Guo, Xiaosen, Guo, Xueqin, Gurling, Hugh, Hart, Deborah, Hendricks, Audrey E., Holmans, Peter, Huang, Liren, Hubbard, Tim, Humphries, Steve E., Hurles, Matthew E., Hysi, Pirro, Iotchkova, Valentina, Isaacs, Aaron, Jackson, David K., Jamshidi, Yalda, Johnson, Jon, Joyce, Chris, Karczewski, Konrad J., Kaye, Jane, Keane, Thomas, Kemp, John P., Kennedy, Karen, Kent, Alastair, Keogh, Julia, Khawaja, Farrah, Kleber, Marcus E., van Kogelenberg, Margriet, Kolb-Kokocinski, Anja, Kooner, Jaspal S., Lachance, Genevieve, Langenberg, Claudia, Langford, Cordelia, Lawson, Daniel, Lee, Irene, van Leeuwen, Elisabeth M., Lek, Monkol, Li, Rui, Li, Yingrui, Liang, Jieqin, Lin, Hong, Liu, Ryan, Lönnqvist, Jouko, Lopes, Luis R., Lopes, Margarida, Luan, Jian'an, MacArthur, Daniel G., Mangino, Massimo, Marenne, Gaëlle, März, Winfried, Maslen, John, Matchan, Angela, Mathieson, Iain, McGuffin, Peter, McIntosh, Andrew M., McKechanie, Andrew G., McQuillin, Andrew, Metrustry, Sarah, Migone, Nicola, Mitchison, Hannah M., Moayyeri, Alireza, Morris, James, Morris, Richard, Muddyman, Dawn, Muntoni, Francesco, Nordestgaard, Børge G., Northstone, Kate, O'Donovan, Michael C., O'Rahilly, Stephen, Onoufriadis, Alexandros, Oualkacha, Karim, Owen, Michael J., Palotie, Aarno, Panoutsopoulou, Kalliope, Parker, Victoria, Parr, Jeremy R., Paternoster, Lavinia, Paunio, Tiina, Payne, Felicity, Payne, Stewart J., Perry, John R. B., Pietilainen, Olli, Plagnol, Vincent, Pollitt, Rebecca C., Povey, Sue, Quail, Michael A., Quaye, Lydia, Raymond, Lucy, Rehnström, Karola, Ridout, Cheryl K., Ring, Susan, Ritchie, Graham R. S., Roberts, Nicola, Robinson, Rachel L., Savage, David B., Scambler, Peter, Schiffels, Stephan, Schmidts, Miriam, Schoenmakers, Nadia, Scott, Richard H., Scott, Robert A., Semple, Robert K., Serra, Eva, Sharp, Sally I., Shaw, Adam, Shihab, Hashem A., Shin, So-Youn, Skuse, David, Small, Kerrin S., Smee, Carol, Smith, George Davey, Southam, Lorraine, Spasic-Boskovic, Olivera, Spector, Timothy D., St Clair, David, St Pourcain, Beate, Stalker, Jim, Stevens, Elizabeth, Sun, Jianping, Surdulescu, Gabriela, Suvisaari, Jaana, Syrris, Petros, Tachmazidou, Ioanna, Taylor, Rohan, Tian, Jing, Tobin, Martin D., Toniolo, Daniela, Traglia, Michela, Tybjaerg-Hansen, Anne, Valdes, Ana M., Vandersteen, Anthony M., Varbo, Anette, Vijayarangakannan, Parthiban, Visscher, Peter M., Wain, Louise V., Walters, James T. R., Wang, Guangbiao, Wang, Jun, Wang, Yu, Ward, Kirsten, Wheeler, Eleanor, Whincup, Peter, Whyte, Tamieka, Williams, Hywel J., Williamson, Kathleen A., Wilson, Crispian, Wilson, Scott G., Wong, Kim, Xu, ChangJiang, Yang, Jian, Zaza, Gianluigi, Zeggini, Eleftheria, Zhang, Feng, Zhang, Pingbo, Zhang, Weihua, Gambaro, Giovanni, Richards, J. Brent, Durbin, Richard, Timpson, Nicholas J., Marchini, Jonathan, and Soranzo, Nicole

Abstract

Imputing genotypes from reference panels created by whole-genome sequencing (WGS) provides a cost-effective strategy for augmenting the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) content of genome-wide arrays. The UK10K Cohorts project has generated a data set of 3,781 whole genomes sequenced at low depth (average 7x), aiming to exhaustively characterize genetic variation down to 0.1% minor allele frequency in the British population. Here we demonstrate the value of this resource for improving imputation accuracy at rare and low-frequency variants in both a UK and an Italian population. We show that large increases in imputation accuracy can be achieved by re-phasing WGS reference panels after initial genotype calling. We also present a method for combining WGS panels to improve variant coverage and downstream imputation accuracy, which we illustrate by integrating 7,562 WGS haplotypes from the UK10K project with 2,184 haplotypes from the 1000 Genomes Project. Finally, we introduce a novel approximation that maintains speed without sacrificing imputation accuracy for rare variants.

Published
2015
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33. TCTEX1D2 mutations underlie Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy with impaired retrograde intraflagellar transport

Author

Schmidts, Miriam, Hou, Yuqing, Cortés, Claudio R., Mans, Dorus A., Huber, Celine, Boldt, Karsten, Patel, Mitali, van Reeuwijk, Jeroen, Plaza, Jean-Marc, van Beersum, Sylvia E. C., Yap, Zhi Min, Letteboer, Stef J. F., Taylor, S. Paige, Herridge, Warren, Johnson, Colin A., Scambler, Peter J., Ueffing, Marius, Kayserili, Hulya, Krakow, Deborah, King, Stephen M., Beales, Philip L., Al-Gazali, Lihadh, Wicking, Carol, Cormier-Daire, Valerie, Roepman, Ronald, Mitchison, Hannah M., Witman, George B., Al-Turki, Saeed, Anderson, Carl, Anney, Richard, Antony, Dinu, Asimit, Jennifer, Ayub, Mohammad, Barrett, Jeff, Barroso, Inês, Bentham, Jamie, Bhattacharya, Shoumo, Blackwood, Douglas, Bobrow, Martin, Bochukova, Elena, Bolton, Patrick, Boustred, Chris, Breen, Gerome, Brion, Marie-Jo, Brown, Andrew, Calissano, Mattia, Carss, Keren, Chatterjee, Krishna, Chen, Lu, Cirak, Sebhattin, Clapham, Peter, Clement, Gail, Coates, Guy, Collier, David, Cosgrove, Catherine, Cox, Tony, Craddock, Nick, Crooks, Lucy, Curran, Sarah, Daly, Allan, Danecek, Petr, Smith, George Davey, Day-Williams, Aaron, Day, Ian, Durbin, Richard, Edkins, Sarah, Ellis, Peter, Evans, David, Farooqi, I. Sadaf, Fatemifar, Ghazaleh, Fitzpatrick, David, Flicek, Paul, Floyd, Jamie, Foley, A. Reghan, Franklin, Chris, Futema, Marta, Gallagher, Louise, Gaunt, Tom, Geschwind, Daniel, Greenwood, Celia, Grozeva, Detelina, Guo, Xiaosen, Gurling, Hugh, Hart, Deborah, Hendricks, Audrey, Holmans, Peter, Huang, Jie, Humphries, Steve E., Hurles, Matt, Hysi, Pirro, Jackson, David, Jamshidi, Yalda, Jewell, David, Chris, Joyce, Kaye, Jane, Keane, Thomas, Kemp, John, Kennedy, Karen, Kent, Alastair, Kolb-Kokocinski, Anja, Lachance, Genevieve, Langford, Cordelia, Lee, Irene, Li, Rui, Li, Yingrui, Ryan, Liu, Lönnqvist, Jouko, Lopes, Margarida, MacArthur, Daniel G., Massimo, Mangino, Marchini, Jonathan, Maslen, John, McCarthy, Shane, McGuffin, Peter, McIntosh, Andrew, McKechanie, Andrew, McQuillin, Andrew, Memari, Yasin, Metrustry, Sarah, Min, Josine, Moayyeri, Alireza, Morris, James, Muddyman, Dawn, Muntoni, Francesco, Northstone, Kate, O'Donovan, Michael, O'Rahilly, Stephen, Onoufriadis, Alexandros, Oualkacha, Karim, Owen, Michael, Palotie, Aarno, Panoutsopoulou, Kalliope, Parker, Victoria, Parr, Jeremy, Paternoster, Lavinia, Paunio, Tiina, Payne, Felicity, Perry, John, Pietilainen, Olli, Plagnol, Vincent, Quail, Michael A., Quaye, Lydia, Raymond, Lucy, Rehnström, Karola, Brent Richards, J., Ring, Sue, Ritchie, Graham R S, Savage, David B., Schoenmakers, Nadia, Semple, Robert K., Serra, Eva, Shihab, Hashem, Shin, So-Youn, Skuse, David, Small, Kerrin, Smee, Carol, Soler, Artigas María, Soranzo, Nicole, Southam, Lorraine, Spector, Tim, St Pourcain, Beate, St. Clair, David, Stalker, Jim, Surdulescu, Gabriela, Suvisaari, Jaana, Tachmazidou, Ioanna, Tian, Jing, Timpson, Nic, Tobin, Martin, Valdes, Ana, van Kogelenberg, Margriet, Vijayarangakannan, Parthiban, Wain, Louise, Walter, Klaudia, Wang, Jun, Ward, Kirsten, Wheeler, Ellie, Whittall, Ros, Williams, Hywel, Williamson, Kathy, Wilson, Scott G., Wong, Kim, Whyte, Tamieka, ChangJiang, Xu, Zeggini, Eleftheria, Zhang, Feng, and Zheng, Hou-Feng

Abstract

The analysis of individuals with ciliary chondrodysplasias can shed light on sensitive mechanisms controlling ciliogenesis and cell signalling that are essential to embryonic development and survival. Here we identify TCTEX1D2 mutations causing Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy with partially penetrant inheritance. Loss of TCTEX1D2 impairs retrograde intraflagellar transport (IFT) in humans and the protist Chlamydomonas, accompanied by destabilization of the retrograde IFT dynein motor. We thus define TCTEX1D2 as an integral component of the evolutionarily conserved retrograde IFT machinery. In complex with several IFT dynein light chains, it is required for correct vertebrate skeletal formation but may be functionally redundant under certain conditions.

Published
2015
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34. Whole-genome sequence-based analysis of thyroid function

Author

Taylor, Peter N., Porcu, Eleonora, Chew, Shelby, Campbell, Purdey J., Traglia, Michela, Brown, Suzanne J., Mullin, Benjamin H., Shihab, Hashem A., Min, Josine, Walter, Klaudia, Memari, Yasin, Huang, Jie, Barnes, Michael R., Beilby, John P., Charoen, Pimphen, Danecek, Petr, Dudbridge, Frank, Forgetta, Vincenzo, Greenwood, Celia, Grundberg, Elin, Johnson, Andrew D., Hui, Jennie, Lim, Ee M., McCarthy, Shane, Muddyman, Dawn, Panicker, Vijay, Perry, John R.B., Bell, Jordana T., Yuan, Wei, Relton, Caroline, Gaunt, Tom, Schlessinger, David, Abecasis, Goncalo, Cucca, Francesco, Surdulescu, Gabriela L., Woltersdorf, Wolfram, Zeggini, Eleftheria, Zheng, Hou-Feng, Toniolo, Daniela, Dayan, Colin M., Naitza, Silvia, Walsh, John P., Spector, Tim, Davey Smith, George, Durbin, Richard, Brent Richards, J., Sanna, Serena, Soranzo, Nicole, Timpson, Nicholas J., Wilson, Scott G., Turki, Saeed Al, Anderson, Carl, Anney, Richard, Antony, Dinu, Artigas, Maria Soler, Ayub, Muhammad, Balasubramaniam, Senduran, Barrett, Jeffrey C., Barroso, Inês, Beales, Phil, Bentham, Jamie, Bhattacharya, Shoumo, Birney, Ewan, Blackwood, Douglas, Bobrow, Martin, Bochukova, Elena, Bolton, Patrick, Bounds, Rebecca, Boustred, Chris, Breen, Gerome, Calissano, Mattia, Carss, Keren, Chatterjee, Krishna, Chen, Lu, Ciampi, Antonio, Cirak, Sebhattin, Clapham, Peter, Clement, Gail, Coates, Guy, Collier, David, Cosgrove, Catherine, Cox, Tony, Craddock, Nick, Crooks, Lucy, Curran, Sarah, Curtis, David, Daly, Allan, Day-Williams, Aaron, Day, Ian N.M., Down, Thomas, Du, Yuanping, Dunham, Ian, Edkins, Sarah, Ellis, Peter, Evans, David, Faroogi, Sadaf, Fatemifar, Ghazaleh, Fitzpatrick, David R., Flicek, Paul, Flyod, James, Foley, A. Reghan, Franklin, Christopher S., Futema, Marta, Gallagher, Louise, Geihs, Matthias, Geschwind, Daniel, Griffin, Heather, Grozeva, Detelina, Guo, Xueqin, Guo, Xiaosen, Gurling, Hugh, Hart, Deborah, Hendricks, Audrey, Holmans, Peter, Howie, Bryan, Huang, Liren, Hubbard, Tim, Humphries, Steve E., Hurles, Matthew E., Hysi, Pirro, Jackson, David K., Jamshidi, Yalda, Jing, Tian, Joyce, Chris, Kaye, Jane, Keane, Thomas, Keogh, Julia, Kemp, John, Kennedy, Karen, Kolb-Kokocinski, Anja, Lachance, Genevieve, Langford, Cordelia, Lawson, Daniel, Lee, Irene, Lek, Monkol, Liang, Jieqin, Lin, Hong, Li, Rui, Li, Yingrui, Liu, Ryan, Lönnqvist, Jouko, Lopes, Margarida, Lotchkova, Valentina, MacArthur, Daniel, Marchini, Jonathan, Maslen, John, Massimo, Mangino, Mathieson, Iain, Marenne, Gaëlle, McGuffin, Peter, McIntosh, Andrew, McKechanie, Andrew G., McQuillin, Andrew, Metrustry, Sarah, Mitchison, Hannah, Moayyeri, Alireza, Morris, James, Muntoni, Francesco, Northstone, Kate, O'Donnovan, Michael, Onoufriadis, Alexandros, O'Rahilly, Stephen, Oualkacha, Karim, Owen, Michael J., Palotie, Aarno, Panoutsopoulou, Kalliope, Parker, Victoria, Parr, Jeremy R., Paternoster, Lavinia, Paunio, Tiina, Payne, Felicity, Pietilainen, Olli, Plagnol, Vincent, Quaye, Lydia, Quai, Michael A., Raymond, Lucy, Rehnström, Karola, Richards, Brent, Ring, Susan, Ritchie, Graham R.S., Roberts, Nicola, Savage, David B., Scambler, Peter, Schiffels, Stephen, Schmidts, Miriam, Schoenmakers, Nadia, Semple, Robert K., Serra, Eva, Sharp, Sally I., Shin, So-Youn, Skuse, David, Small, Kerrin, Southam, Lorraine, Spasic-Boskovic, Olivera, Clair, David St, Stalker, Jim, Stevens, Elizabeth, Pourcian, Beate St, Sun, Jianping, Suvisaari, Jaana, Tachmazidou, Ionna, Tobin, Martin D., Valdes, Ana, Kogelenberg, Margriet Van, Vijayarangakannan, Parthiban, Visscher, Peter M., Wain, Louise V., Walters, James T.R., Wang, Guangbiao, Wang, Jun, Wang, Yu, Ward, Kirsten, Wheeler, Elanor, Whyte, Tamieka, Williams, Hywel, Williamson, Kathleen A., Wilson, Crispian, Wong, Kim, Xu, ChangJiang, Yang, Jian, Zhang, Fend, and Zhang, Pingbo

Abstract

Normal thyroid function is essential for health, but its genetic architecture remains poorly understood. Here, for the heritable thyroid traits thyrotropin (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4), we analyse whole-genome sequence data from the UK10K project (N=2,287). Using additional whole-genome sequence and deeply imputed data sets, we report meta-analysis results for common variants (MAF≥1%) associated with TSH and FT4 (N=16,335). For TSH, we identify a novel variant in SYN2 (MAF=23.5%, P=6.15 × 10−9) and a new independent variant in PDE8B (MAF=10.4%, P=5.94 × 10−14). For FT4, we report a low-frequency variant near B4GALT6/SLC25A52 (MAF=3.2%, P=1.27 × 10−9) tagging a rare TTR variant (MAF=0.4%, P=2.14 × 10−11). All common variants explain ≥20% of the variance in TSH and FT4. Analysis of rare variants (MAF<1%) using sequence kernel association testing reveals a novel association with FT4 in NRG1. Our results demonstrate that increased coverage in whole-genome sequence association studies identifies novel variants associated with thyroid function.

Published
2015
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35. A rare variant in APOC3 is associated with plasma triglyceride and VLDL levels in Europeans

Author

Timpson, Nicholas J., Walter, Klaudia, Min, Josine L., Tachmazidou, Ioanna, Malerba, Giovanni, Shin, So-Youn, Chen, Lu, Futema, Marta, Southam, Lorraine, Iotchkova, Valentina, Cocca, Massimiliano, Huang, Jie, Memari, Yasin, McCarthy, Shane, Danecek, Petr, Muddyman, Dawn, Mangino, Massimo, Menni, Cristina, Perry, John R. B., Ring, Susan M., Gaye, Amadou, Dedoussis, George, Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni, Burton, Paul, Talmud, Philippa J., Gambaro, Giovanni, Spector, Tim D., Smith, George Davey, Durbin, Richard, Richards, J Brent, Humphries, Steve E., Zeggini, Eleftheria, Soranzo, Nicole, Al Turki, Saeed, Anderson, Carl, Anney, Richard, Antony, Dinu, Soler Artigas, Maria, Ayub, Muhammad, Balasubramaniam, Senduran, Barrett, Jeffrey C., Barroso, Inês, Beales, Phil, Bentham, Jamie, Bhattacharya, Shoumo, Birney, Ewan, Blackwood, Douglas, Bobrow, Martin, Bochukova, Elena, Bolton, Patrick, Bounds, Rebecca, Boustred, Chris, Breen, Gerome, Calissano, Mattia, Carss, Keren, Chatterjee, Krishna, Ciampi, Antonio, Cirak, Sebhattin, Clapham, Peter, Clement, Gail, Coates, Guy, Collier, David, Cosgrove, Catherine, Cox, Tony, Craddock, Nick, Crooks, Lucy, Curran, Sarah, Curtis, David, Daly, Allan, Davey Smith, George, Day-Williams, Aaron, Day, Ian N. M., Down, Thomas, Du, Yuanping, Dunham, Ian, Edkins, Sarah, Ellis, Peter, Evans, David, Faroogi, Sadaf, Fatemifar, Ghazaleh, Fitzpatrick, David R., Flicek, Paul, Flyod, James, Foley, A Reghan, Franklin, Christopher S, Gallagher, Louise, Gaunt, Tom, Geihs, Matthias, Geschwind, Daniel, Greenwood, Celia, Griffin, Heather, Grozeva, Detelina, Guo, Xueqin, Guo, Xiaosen, Gurling, Hugh, Hart, Deborah, Hendricks, Audrey, Holmans, Peter, Howie, Bryan, Huang, Liren, Hubbard, Tim, Hurles, Matthew E., Hysi, Pirro, Jackson, David K., Jamshidi, Yalda, Jing, Tian, Joyce, Chris, Kaye, Jane, Keane, Thomas, Keogh, Julia, Kemp, John, Kennedy, Karen, Kolb-Kokocinski, Anja, Lachance, Genevieve, Langford, Cordelia, Lawson, Daniel, Lee, Irene, Lek, Monkol, Liang, Jieqin, Lin, Hong, Li, Rui, Li, Yingrui, Liu, Ryan, Lönnqvist, Jouko, Lopes, Margarida, Lotchkova, Valentina, MacArthur, Daniel, Marchini, Jonathan, Maslen, John, Massimo, Mangino, Mathieson, Iain, Marenne, Gaëlle, McGuffin, Peter, McIntosh, Andrew, McKechanie, Andrew G., McQuillin, Andrew, Metrustry, Sarah, Min, Josine, Mitchison, Hannah, Moayyeri, Alireza, Morris, James, Muntoni, Francesco, Northstone, Kate, O'Donnovan, Michael, Onoufriadis, Alexandros, O'Rahilly, Stephen, Oualkacha, Karim, Owen, Michael J., Palotie, Aarno, Panoutsopoulou, Kalliope, Parker, Victoria, Parr, Jeremy R., Paternoster, Lavinia, Paunio, Tiina, Payne, Felicity, Perry, John, Pietilainen, Olli, Plagnol, Vincent, Quaye, Lydia, Quail, Michael A., Raymond, Lucy, Rehnström, Karola, Richards, Brent, Ring, Susan, Ritchie, Graham R. S., Roberts, Nicola, Savage, David B., Scambler, Peter, Schiffels, Stephen, Schmidts, Miriam, Schoenmakers, Nadia, Semple, Robert K., Serra, Eva, Sharp, Sally I., Shihab, Hasheem, Skuse, David, Small, Kerrin, Spasic-Boskovic, Olivera, Spector, Tim, St Clair, David, Stalker, Jim, Stevens, Elizabeth, St Pourcian, Beate, Sun, Jianping, Surdulescu, Gabriela, Suvisaari, Jaana, Tachmazidou, Ionna, Timpson, Nicholas, Tobin, Martin D., Valdes, Ana, Van Kogelenberg, Margriet, Vijayarangakannan, Parthiban, Visscher, Peter M., Wain, Louise V., Walters, James T. R., Wang, Guangbiao, Wang, Jun, Wang, Yu, Ward, Kirsten, Wheeler, Elanor, Whyte, Tamieka, Williams, Hywel, Williamson, Kathleen A., Wilson, Crispian, Wilson, Scott G., Wong, Kim, Xu, ChangJiang, Yang, Jian, Zhang, Fend, Zhang, Pingbo, and Zheng, Hou-Feng

Abstract

The analysis of rich catalogues of genetic variation from population-based sequencing provides an opportunity to screen for functional effects. Here we report a rare variant in APOC3 (rs138326449-A, minor allele frequency ~0.25% (UK)) associated with plasma triglyceride (TG) levels (−1.43 s.d. (s.e.=0.27 per minor allele (P-value=8.0 × 10−8)) discovered in 3,202 individuals with low read-depth, whole-genome sequence. We replicate this in 12,831 participants from five additional samples of Northern and Southern European origin (−1.0 s.d. (s.e.=0.173), P-value=7.32 × 10−9). This is consistent with an effect between 0.5 and 1.5 mmol l−1 dependent on population. We show that a single predicted splice donor variant is responsible for association signals and is independent of known common variants. Analyses suggest an independent relationship between rs138326449 and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. This represents one of the first examples of a rare, large effect variant identified from whole-genome sequencing at a population scale.

Published
2014
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36. Publisher Correction: Single-cell RNA-sequencing of differentiating iPS cells reveals dynamic genetic effects on gene expression.

Author

Cuomo, Anna S. E., Seaton, Daniel D., McCarthy, Davis J., Martinez, Iker, Bonder, Marc Jan, Garcia-Bernardo, Jose, Amatya, Shradha, Madrigal, Pedro, Isaacson, Abigail, Buettner, Florian, Knights, Andrew, Natarajan, Kedar Nath, HipSci Consortium, Agu, Chukwuma A., Alderton, Alex, Danecek, Petr, Denton, Rachel, Durbin, Richard, Gaffney, Daniel J., and Goncalves, Angela

Subjects
INDUCED pluripotent stem cells, GENE expression
Abstract

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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37. Detecting cryptic clinically relevant structural variation in exome-sequencing data increases diagnostic yield for developmental disorders.

Author

Gardner, Eugene J., Sifrim, Alejandro, Lindsay, Sarah J., Prigmore, Elena, Rajan, Diana, Danecek, Petr, Gallone, Giuseppe, Eberhardt, Ruth Y., Martin, Hilary C., Wright, Caroline F., FitzPatrick, David R., Firth, Helen V., and Hurles, Matthew E.

Subjects
*GENETIC variation, *GENETIC disorders, *DIAGNOSIS methods
Abstract

Structural variation (SV) describes a broad class of genetic variation greater than 50 bp in size. SVs can cause a wide range of genetic diseases and are prevalent in rare developmental disorders (DDs). Individuals presenting with DDs are often referred for diagnostic testing with chromosomal microarrays (CMAs) to identify large copy-number variants (CNVs) and/or with single-gene, gene-panel, or exome sequencing (ES) to identify single-nucleotide variants, small insertions/deletions, and CNVs. However, individuals with pathogenic SVs undetectable by conventional analysis often remain undiagnosed. Consequently, we have developed the tool InDelible, which interrogates short-read sequencing data for split-read clusters characteristic of SV breakpoints. We applied InDelible to 13,438 probands with severe DDs recruited as part of the Deciphering Developmental Disorders (DDD) study and discovered 63 rare, damaging variants in genes previously associated with DDs missed by standard SNV, indel, or CNV discovery approaches. Clinical review of these 63 variants determined that about half (30/63) were plausibly pathogenic. InDelible was particularly effective at ascertaining variants between 21 and 500 bp in size and increased the total number of potentially pathogenic variants identified by DDD in this size range by 42.9%. Of particular interest were seven confirmed de novo variants in MECP2 , which represent 35.0% of all de novo protein-truncating variants in MECP2 among DDD study participants. InDelible provides a framework for the discovery of pathogenic SVs that are most likely missed by standard analytical workflows and has the potential to improve the diagnostic yield of ES across a broad range of genetic diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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38. Non-coding region variants upstream of MEF2C cause severe developmental disorder through three distinct loss-of-function mechanisms.

Author

Wright, Caroline F., Quaife, Nicholas M., Ramos-Hernández, Laura, Danecek, Petr, Ferla, Matteo P., Samocha, Kaitlin E., Kaplanis, Joanna, Gardner, Eugene J., Eberhardt, Ruth Y., Chao, Katherine R., Karczewski, Konrad J., Morales, Joannella, Gallone, Giuseppe, Balasubramanian, Meena, Banka, Siddharth, Gompertz, Lianne, Kerr, Bronwyn, Kirby, Amelia, Lynch, Sally A., and Morton, Jenny E.V.

Subjects
*MEDICAL genetics, *GENETIC testing, *DIAGNOSIS, *RARE diseases, *NEURAL codes, *GENETIC translation
Abstract

Clinical genetic testing of protein-coding regions identifies a likely causative variant in only around half of developmental disorder (DD) cases. The contribution of regulatory variation in non-coding regions to rare disease, including DD, remains very poorly understood. We screened 9,858 probands from the Deciphering Developmental Disorders (DDD) study for de novo mutations in the 5′ untranslated regions (5′ UTRs) of genes within which variants have previously been shown to cause DD through a dominant haploinsufficient mechanism. We identified four single-nucleotide variants and two copy-number variants upstream of MEF2C in a total of ten individual probands. We developed multiple bespoke and orthogonal experimental approaches to demonstrate that these variants cause DD through three distinct loss-of-function mechanisms, disrupting transcription, translation, and/or protein function. These non-coding region variants represent 23% of likely diagnoses identified in MEF2C in the DDD cohort, but these would all be missed in standard clinical genetics approaches. Nonetheless, these variants are readily detectable in exome sequence data, with 30.7% of 5′ UTR bases across all genes well covered in the DDD dataset. Our analyses show that non-coding variants upstream of genes within which coding variants are known to cause DD are an important cause of severe disease and demonstrate that analyzing 5′ UTRs can increase diagnostic yield. We also show how non-coding variants can help inform both the disease-causing mechanism underlying protein-coding variants and dosage tolerance of the gene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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39. Continuity and Admixture in the Last Five Millennia of Levantine History from Ancient Canaanite and Present-Day Lebanese Genome Sequences.

Author

Haber, Marc, Doumet-Serhal, Claude, Scheib, Christiana, Xue, Yali, Danecek, Petr, Mezzavilla, Massimo, Youhanna, Sonia, Martiniano, Rui, Prado-Martinez, Javier, Szpak, Michał, Matisoo-Smith, Elizabeth, Schutkowski, Holger, Mikulski, Richard, Zalloua, Pierre, Kivisild, Toomas, and Tyler-Smith, Chris

Subjects
*GENOMES, *NUCLEOTIDE sequencing, *PHOENICIANS, *POPULATION genetics
Abstract

The Canaanites inhabited the Levant region during the Bronze Age and established a culture that became influential in the Near East and beyond. However, the Canaanites, unlike most other ancient Near Easterners of this period, left few surviving textual records and thus their origin and relationship to ancient and present-day populations remain unclear. In this study, we sequenced five whole genomes from ∼3,700-year-old individuals from the city of Sidon, a major Canaanite city-state on the Eastern Mediterranean coast. We also sequenced the genomes of 99 individuals from present-day Lebanon to catalog modern Levantine genetic diversity. We find that a Bronze Age Canaanite-related ancestry was widespread in the region, shared among urban populations inhabiting the coast (Sidon) and inland populations (Jordan) who likely lived in farming societies or were pastoral nomads. This Canaanite-related ancestry derived from mixture between local Neolithic populations and eastern migrants genetically related to Chalcolithic Iranians. We estimate, using linkage-disequilibrium decay patterns, that admixture occurred 6,600–3,550 years ago, coinciding with recorded massive population movements in Mesopotamia during the mid-Holocene. We show that present-day Lebanese derive most of their ancestry from a Canaanite-related population, which therefore implies substantial genetic continuity in the Levant since at least the Bronze Age. In addition, we find Eurasian ancestry in the Lebanese not present in Bronze Age or earlier Levantines. We estimate that this Eurasian ancestry arrived in the Levant around 3,750–2,170 years ago during a period of successive conquests by distant populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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40. Tracing the Route of Modern Humans out of Africa by Using 225 Human Genome Sequences from Ethiopians and Egyptians.

Author

Pagani, Luca, Schiffels, Stephan, Gurdasani, Deepti, Danecek, Petr, Scally, Aylwyn, Chen, Yuan, Xue, Yali, Haber, Marc, Ekong, Rosemary, Oljira, Tamiru, Mekonnen, Ephrem, Luiselli, Donata, Bradman, Neil, Bekele, Endashaw, Zalloua, Pierre, Durbin, Richard, Kivisild, Toomas, and Tyler-Smith, Chris

Subjects
*SEQUENCE alignment, *HUMAN genome, *HAPLOTYPES, *PALEOCLIMATOLOGY, *ETHIOPIANS, *EGYPTIANS
Abstract

The predominantly African origin of all modern human populations is well established, but the route taken out of Africa is still unclear. Two alternative routes, via Egypt and Sinai or across the Bab el Mandeb strait into Arabia, have traditionally been proposed as feasible gateways in light of geographic, paleoclimatic, archaeological, and genetic evidence. Distinguishing among these alternatives has been difficult. We generated 225 whole-genome sequences (225 at 8× depth, of which 8 were increased to 30×; Illumina HiSeq 2000) from six modern Northeast African populations (100 Egyptians and five Ethiopian populations each represented by 25 individuals). West Eurasian components were masked out, and the remaining African haplotypes were compared with a panel of sub-Saharan African and non-African genomes. We showed that masked Northeast African haplotypes overall were more similar to non-African haplotypes and more frequently present outside Africa than were any sets of haplotypes derived from a West African population. Furthermore, the masked Egyptian haplotypes showed these properties more markedly than the masked Ethiopian haplotypes, pointing to Egypt as the more likely gateway in the exodus to the rest of the world. Using five Ethiopian and three Egyptian high-coverage masked genomes and the multiple sequentially Markovian coalescent (MSMC) approach, we estimated the genetic split times of Egyptians and Ethiopians from non-African populations at 55,000 and 65,000 years ago, respectively, whereas that of West Africans was estimated to be 75,000 years ago. Both the haplotype and MSMC analyses thus suggest a predominant northern route out of Africa via Egypt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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41. Whole-genome sequencing coupled to imputation discovers genetic signals for anthropometric traits

Author

Graham R. S. Ritchie, Massimiliano Cocca, Anette Varbo, Nicholas J. Timpson, George Dedoussis, Michael Boehnke, Marjolein N. Kooijman, Beate St Pourcain, Yasin Memari, André G. Uitterlinden, Andrew A Crawford, Eleftheria Zeggini, Fernando Rivadeneira, Satu Männistö, Caroline L Relton, Yali Xue, Petr Danecek, Kalliope Panoutsopoulou, Albert Hofman, George Davey Smith, María Soler Artigas, Michela Traglia, Josine L. Min, Weihua Zhang, Janine F. Felix, Christopher J Hammond, Claudia Langenberg, Jie Huang, Brian R. Walker, Narinder Bansal, Nigel W. Rayner, Emanuele Di Angelantonio, Kerrin S. Small, Konstantinos Hatzikotoulas, Cecilia M. Lindgren, Alisa K. Manning, Shane A. McCarthy, Susan M. Ring, Marcus E. Kleber, Abhishek Nag, Oliver Stegle, Paul Burton, Oscar H. Franco, William R. Scott, Carolina Medina-Gomez, Valentina Iotchkova, John R. B. Perry, Alireza Moayyeri, Lavinia Paternoster, Marianne Benn, Markus Perola, Katerina Trajanoska, Inês Barroso, Audrey E. Hendricks, Cinzia Sala, Carlo Sidore, Celia M. T. Greenwood, Jeremy Schwartzentruber, Richard Durbin, Cristina Bombieri, Klaudia Walter, Wei-Yu Lin, Hashem A. Shihab, Gialuigi Zaza, Jaspal S. Kooner, Magdalena Zoledziewska, Angela Matchan, Adam S. Butterworth, Pekka Jousilahti, Julia Steinberg, Anne Tybjærg-Hansen, John P. Kemp, Daniel Suveges, Nicole Soranzo, Chris Finan, Veikko Salomaa, Ioanna Ntalla, Nicholas J. Wareham, Adam E. Locke, Vincent W. V. Jaddoe, Ioanna Tachmazidou, Daniela Toniolo, Scott Wilson, Antonella Mulas, Aliki-Eleni Farmaki, Lorraine Southam, Martin D. Tobin, Tom R. Gaunt, Zhongsheng Chen, Paolo Gasparini, Andrew P. Morris, Giovanni Gambaro, John C. Chambers, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Sarah Metrustry, Benjamin Lehne, Jian'an Luan, Giovanni Malerba, Robert A. Scott, Mark I. McCarthy, Michal Szpak, Francesco Cucca, Tim D. Spector, Epidemiology, Erasmus MC other, Pediatrics, Internal Medicine, University of Helsinki, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Quantitative Genetics, Tachmazidou, Ioanna, Süveges, Dániel, Min, Josine L., Ritchie, Graham R. S., Steinberg, Julia, Walter, Klaudia, Iotchkova, Valentina, Schwartzentruber, Jeremy, Huang, Jie, Memari, Yasin, Mccarthy, Shane, Crawford, Andrew A., Bombieri, Cristina, Cocca, Massimiliano, Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni, Gaunt, Tom R., Jousilahti, Pekka, Kooijman, Marjolein N., Lehne, Benjamin, Malerba, Giovanni, Männistö, Satu, Matchan, Angela, Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Metrustry, Sarah J., Nag, Abhishek, Ntalla, Ioanna, Paternoster, Lavinia, Rayner, Nigel W., Sala, Cinzia, Scott, William R., Shihab, Hashem A., Southam, Lorraine, St Pourcain, Beate, Traglia, Michela, Trajanoska, Katerina, Zaza, Gialuigi, Zhang, Weihua, Artigas, María S., Bansal, Narinder, Benn, Marianne, Chen, Zhongsheng, Danecek, Petr, Lin, Wei-Yu, Locke, Adam, Luan, Jian'An, Manning, Alisa K., Mulas, Antonella, Sidore, Carlo, Tybjaerg-Hansen, Anne, Varbo, Anette, Zoledziewska, Magdalena, Finan, Chri, Hatzikotoulas, Konstantino, Hendricks, Audrey E., Kemp, John P., Moayyeri, Alireza, Panoutsopoulou, Kalliope, Szpak, Michal, Wilson, Scott G., Boehnke, Michael, Cucca, Francesco, Di Angelantonio, Emanuele, Langenberg, Claudia, Lindgren, Cecilia, Mccarthy, Mark I., Morris, Andrew P., Nordestgaard, Børge G., Scott, Robert A., Tobin, Martin D., Wareham, Nicholas J., Burton, Paul, Chambers, John C., Smith, George Davey, Dedoussis, George, Felix, Janine F., Franco, Oscar H., Gambaro, Giovanni, Gasparini, Paolo, Hammond, Christopher J., Hofman, Albert, Jaddoe, Vincent W. V., Kleber, Marcu, Kooner, Jaspal S., Perola, Marku, Relton, Caroline, Ring, Susan M., Rivadeneira, Fernando, Salomaa, Veikko, Spector, Timothy D., Stegle, Oliver, Toniolo, Daniela, Uitterlinden, André G., Barroso, Inê, Greenwood, Celia M. T., Perry, John R. B., Walker, Brian R., Butterworth, Adam S., Xue, Yali, Durbin, Richard, Small, Kerrin S., Soranzo, Nicole, Timpson, Nicholas J., Zeggini, Eleftheria, McCarthy, Shane [0000-0002-2715-4187], Bansal, Narinder [0000-0002-6925-1719], Luan, Jian'an [0000-0003-3137-6337], Di Angelantonio, Emanuele [0000-0001-8776-6719], Langenberg, Claudia [0000-0002-5017-7344], Wareham, Nicholas [0000-0003-1422-2993], Barroso, Ines [0000-0001-5800-4520], Perry, John [0000-0001-6483-3771], Butterworth, Adam [0000-0002-6915-9015], Soranzo, Nicole [0000-0003-1095-3852], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, DXA trait, Lipodystrophy, next-generation whole-genome sequencing, GoT2D Consortium, LOCI, Genome-wide association study, imputation, anthropometry, DXA traits, genetic association study, UK Biobank, UK10K, Body Height, Cohort Studies, DNA Methylation, Databases, Genetic, Female, Genetic Variation, Humans, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Obesity, Physical Chromosome Mapping, Quantitative Trait Loci, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Sex Characteristics, Syndrome, United Kingdom, Anthropometry, Genome, Human, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genetics, Genetics (clinical), Settore MED/03 - GENETICA MEDICA, DISEASE, HOMEOBOX GENE, WIDE ASSOCIATION, Genetics & Heredity, Genome, 1184 Genetics, developmental biology, physiology, 11 Medical And Health Sciences, RARE VARIANTS, OBESITY, LOW-FREQUENCY, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Sequence Analysis, arcOGEN Consortium, Human, ADULT HUMAN HEIGHT, Understanding Society Scientific Group, Computational biology, TARGETED DISRUPTION, Quantitative trait locus, Biology, Article, Databases, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetic, Genetic variation, Journal Article, UK10K Consortium, Allele, Genetic association, Whole genome sequencing, Science & Technology, SpiroMeta Consortium, DNA, 06 Biological Sciences, Sex Characteristic, 030104 developmental biology, Human genome, 3111 Biomedicine, Cohort Studie, KNOCKOUT MICE, Imputation (genetics)
Abstract

Deep sequence-based imputation can enhance the discovery power of genome-wide association studies by assessing previously unexplored variation across the common- and low-frequency spectra. We applied a hybrid whole genome sequencing (WGS) and deep imputation approach to examine the broader allelic architecture of twelve anthropometric traits associated with height, body mass and fat distribution in up to 267,616 individuals. We report 106 genome-wide significant signals that have not been previously identified, including 9 low-frequency variants pointing to functional candidates. Of the 106 signals, 6 are in genomic regions that have not been implicated with related traits before, 28 are independent signals at previously reported regions, and 72 represent previously reported signals for a different anthropometric trait. Seventy-one percent of signals reside within genes and fine-mapping resolves 23 signals to one or two likely causal variants. We confirm genetic overlap between human monogenic and polygenic anthropometric traits, and find signal enrichment in cis expression QTLs in relevant tissues. Our results highlight the potential of WGS strategies to enhance biologically-relevant discoveries across the frequency spectrum.

Published
2017

42. De novo variants in the RNU4-2 snRNA cause a frequent neurodevelopmental syndrome.

Author

Chen Y, Dawes R, Kim HC, Ljungdahl A, Stenton SL, Walker S, Lord J, Lemire G, Martin-Geary AC, Ganesh VS, Ma J, Ellingford JM, Delage E, D'Souza EN, Dong S, Adams DR, Allan K, Bakshi M, Baldwin EE, Berger SI, Bernstein JA, Bhatnagar I, Blair E, Brown NJ, Burrage LC, Chapman K, Coman DJ, Compton AG, Cunningham CA, D'Souza P, Danecek P, Délot EC, Dias KR, Elias ER, Elmslie F, Evans CA, Ewans L, Ezell K, Fraser JL, Gallacher L, Genetti CA, Goriely A, Grant CL, Haack T, Higgs JE, Hinch AG, Hurles ME, Kuechler A, Lachlan KL, Lalani SR, Lecoquierre F, Leitão E, Fevre AL, Leventer RJ, Liebelt JE, Lindsay S, Lockhart PJ, Ma AS, Macnamara EF, Mansour S, Maurer TM, Mendez HR, Metcalfe K, Montgomery SB, Moosajee M, Nassogne MC, Neumann S, O'Donoghue M, O'Leary M, Palmer EE, Pattani N, Phillips J, Pitsava G, Pysar R, Rehm HL, Reuter CM, Revencu N, Riess A, Rius R, Rodan L, Roscioli T, Rosenfeld JA, Sachdev R, Shaw-Smith CJ, Simons C, Sisodiya SM, Snell P, St Clair L, Stark Z, Stewart HS, Tan TY, Tan NB, Temple SEL, Thorburn DR, Tifft CJ, Uebergang E, VanNoy GE, Vasudevan P, Vilain E, Viskochil DH, Wedd L, Wheeler MT, White SM, Wojcik M, Wolfe LA, Wolfenson Z, Wright CF, Xiao C, Zocche D, Rubenstein JL, Markenscoff-Papadimitriou E, Fica SM, Baralle D, Depienne C, MacArthur DG, Howson JMM, Sanders SJ, O'Donnell-Luria A, and Whiffin N

Abstract

Around 60% of individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) remain undiagnosed after comprehensive genetic testing, primarily of protein-coding genes 1 . Large genome-sequenced cohorts are improving our ability to discover new diagnoses in the non-coding genome. Here we identify the non-coding RNA RNU4-2 as a syndromic NDD gene. RNU4-2 encodes the U4 small nuclear RNA (snRNA), which is a critical component of the U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP complex of the major spliceosome 2 . We identify an 18 base pair region of RNU4-2 mapping to two structural elements in the U4/U6 snRNA duplex (the T-loop and stem III) that is severely depleted of variation in the general population, but in which we identify heterozygous variants in 115 individuals with NDD. Most individuals (77.4%) have the same highly recurrent single base insertion (n.64&#95;65insT). In 54 individuals in whom it could be determined, the de novo variants were all on the maternal allele. We demonstrate that RNU4-2 is highly expressed in the developing human brain, in contrast to RNU4-1 and other U4 homologues. Using RNA sequencing, we show how 5' splice-site use is systematically disrupted in individuals with RNU4-2 variants, consistent with the known role of this region during spliceosome activation. Finally, we estimate that variants in this 18 base pair region explain 0.4% of individuals with NDD. This work underscores the importance of non-coding genes in rare disorders and will provide a diagnosis to thousands of individuals with NDD worldwide., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Published
2024
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43. Response to Giem.

Author

Haber M, Doumet-Serhal C, Scheib C, Xue Y, Danecek P, Mezzavilla M, Youhanna S, Martiniano R, Prado-Martinez J, Szpak M, Matisoo-Smith E, Schutkowski H, Mikulski R, Zalloua P, Kivisild T, and Tyler-Smith C

Subjects
Bible
Published
2018
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44. Whole-Genome Sequencing Coupled to Imputation Discovers Genetic Signals for Anthropometric Traits.

Author

Tachmazidou I, Süveges D, Min JL, Ritchie GRS, Steinberg J, Walter K, Iotchkova V, Schwartzentruber J, Huang J, Memari Y, McCarthy S, Crawford AA, Bombieri C, Cocca M, Farmaki AE, Gaunt TR, Jousilahti P, Kooijman MN, Lehne B, Malerba G, Männistö S, Matchan A, Medina-Gomez C, Metrustry SJ, Nag A, Ntalla I, Paternoster L, Rayner NW, Sala C, Scott WR, Shihab HA, Southam L, St Pourcain B, Traglia M, Trajanoska K, Zaza G, Zhang W, Artigas MS, Bansal N, Benn M, Chen Z, Danecek P, Lin WY, Locke A, Luan J, Manning AK, Mulas A, Sidore C, Tybjaerg-Hansen A, Varbo A, Zoledziewska M, Finan C, Hatzikotoulas K, Hendricks AE, Kemp JP, Moayyeri A, Panoutsopoulou K, Szpak M, Wilson SG, Boehnke M, Cucca F, Di Angelantonio E, Langenberg C, Lindgren C, McCarthy MI, Morris AP, Nordestgaard BG, Scott RA, Tobin MD, Wareham NJ, Burton P, Chambers JC, Smith GD, Dedoussis G, Felix JF, Franco OH, Gambaro G, Gasparini P, Hammond CJ, Hofman A, Jaddoe VWV, Kleber M, Kooner JS, Perola M, Relton C, Ring SM, Rivadeneira F, Salomaa V, Spector TD, Stegle O, Toniolo D, Uitterlinden AG, Barroso I, Greenwood CMT, Perry JRB, Walker BR, Butterworth AS, Xue Y, Durbin R, Small KS, Soranzo N, Timpson NJ, and Zeggini E

Subjects
Body Height genetics, Cohort Studies, DNA Methylation genetics, Databases, Genetic, Female, Genetic Variation, Humans, Lipodystrophy genetics, Male, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Obesity genetics, Physical Chromosome Mapping, Sex Characteristics, Syndrome, United Kingdom, Anthropometry, Genome, Human, Genome-Wide Association Study, Quantitative Trait Loci genetics, Sequence Analysis, DNA methods
Abstract

Deep sequence-based imputation can enhance the discovery power of genome-wide association studies by assessing previously unexplored variation across the common- and low-frequency spectra. We applied a hybrid whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and deep imputation approach to examine the broader allelic architecture of 12 anthropometric traits associated with height, body mass, and fat distribution in up to 267,616 individuals. We report 106 genome-wide significant signals that have not been previously identified, including 9 low-frequency variants pointing to functional candidates. Of the 106 signals, 6 are in genomic regions that have not been implicated with related traits before, 28 are independent signals at previously reported regions, and 72 represent previously reported signals for a different anthropometric trait. 71% of signals reside within genes and fine mapping resolves 23 signals to one or two likely causal variants. We confirm genetic overlap between human monogenic and polygenic anthropometric traits and find signal enrichment in cis expression QTLs in relevant tissues. Our results highlight the potential of WGS strategies to enhance biologically relevant discoveries across the frequency spectrum., (Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2017
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45. A comparative phenotypic and genomic analysis of C57BL/6J and C57BL/6N mouse strains.

Author

Simon MM, Greenaway S, White JK, Fuchs H, Gailus-Durner V, Wells S, Sorg T, Wong K, Bedu E, Cartwright EJ, Dacquin R, Djebali S, Estabel J, Graw J, Ingham NJ, Jackson IJ, Lengeling A, Mandillo S, Marvel J, Meziane H, Preitner F, Puk O, Roux M, Adams DJ, Atkins S, Ayadi A, Becker L, Blake A, Brooker D, Cater H, Champy MF, Combe R, Danecek P, di Fenza A, Gates H, Gerdin AK, Golini E, Hancock JM, Hans W, Hölter SM, Hough T, Jurdic P, Keane TM, Morgan H, Müller W, Neff F, Nicholson G, Pasche B, Roberson LA, Rozman J, Sanderson M, Santos L, Selloum M, Shannon C, Southwell A, Tocchini-Valentini GP, Vancollie VE, Westerberg H, Wurst W, Zi M, Yalcin B, Ramirez-Solis R, Steel KP, Mallon AM, de Angelis MH, Herault Y, and Brown SD

Subjects
Animals, Behavior, Animal, Disease Resistance immunology, Eye pathology, Female, Femur diagnostic imaging, Hypersensitivity immunology, INDEL Mutation genetics, Killer Cells, Natural immunology, Listeriosis immunology, Listeriosis microbiology, Male, Maze Learning, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide genetics, Spleen immunology, X-Ray Microtomography, Genome genetics
Abstract

Background: The mouse inbred line C57BL/6J is widely used in mouse genetics and its genome has been incorporated into many genetic reference populations. More recently large initiatives such as the International Knockout Mouse Consortium (IKMC) are using the C57BL/6N mouse strain to generate null alleles for all mouse genes. Hence both strains are now widely used in mouse genetics studies. Here we perform a comprehensive genomic and phenotypic analysis of the two strains to identify differences that may influence their underlying genetic mechanisms., Results: We undertake genome sequence comparisons of C57BL/6J and C57BL/6N to identify SNPs, indels and structural variants, with a focus on identifying all coding variants. We annotate 34 SNPs and 2 indels that distinguish C57BL/6J and C57BL/6N coding sequences, as well as 15 structural variants that overlap a gene. In parallel we assess the comparative phenotypes of the two inbred lines utilizing the EMPReSSslim phenotyping pipeline, a broad based assessment encompassing diverse biological systems. We perform additional secondary phenotyping assessments to explore other phenotype domains and to elaborate phenotype differences identified in the primary assessment. We uncover significant phenotypic differences between the two lines, replicated across multiple centers, in a number of physiological, biochemical and behavioral systems., Conclusions: Comparison of C57BL/6J and C57BL/6N demonstrates a range of phenotypic differences that have the potential to impact upon penetrance and expressivity of mutational effects in these strains. Moreover, the sequence variants we identify provide a set of candidate genes for the phenotypic differences observed between the two strains.

Published
2013
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