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Unemployment of university graduates has been a severe problem faced by all parties involved in the world of work. Therefore, students are expected to be ready to join the workforce and pursue career development after graduation. This research examined the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and student employability in facing challenges at the workplace. Entrepreneurial Orientation involves the processes, practices, and decision-making activities aimed at achieving successful outcomes. It impacts students' employability, encompassing the skills, knowledge, and personal attributes that enhance graduates' chances of securing employment and thriving in their chosen careers. This, in turn, benefits the individuals, the workforce, the community, and the economy. This research used a survey method, and the data was collected through an online questionnaire. A total of 478 final-year students of universities in West Java Province, chosen using the quota sampling technique, participated in this study. The linear regression analysis showed a significant influence of entrepreneurial orientation on employability by 50.2%. This shows that entrepreneurial orientation will affect the higher employability of final-year students in their career development.

This paper builds on the dominant employability model by Dacre Pool and Sewell – CareerEDGE model by developing an extended CareerEDGE model for embedding, evaluating and monitoring employability skills relevant to undergraduate students. Drawing on the current literature on employability, the 'Extended CareerEDGE Model' is developed by formulating a measurement framework. Elements of the extended model and framework are discussed and their inclusion is justified on the basis of existing research. The model extends the CareerEDGE model by facilitating the inclusion of entrepreneurship knowledge and skills as student entrepreneurial orientation to engender the requisite entrepreneurial mindset to address the need for intrapreneurial and entrepreneurial skills required to operate in the business environment. The study validates the Extended CareerEDGE Model of graduate employability with responses from 947 students engaged in a core employability-embedded business school undergraduate programme. The study confirms a positive relationship between student entrepreneurial orientation with employability reflection and evaluation. Also, the results confirm a positive relationship between Students' Achievement Orientation with Career Development Learning. A similar positive relationship was established between Students' Achievement Orientation and Degree Subject Knowledge as well as the acquisition of Generic Skills. Additionally, student Learning Orientation positively influences Career Development Learning, Degree Subject Knowledge and Generic Skills acquisition. The extended CareerEDGE model succinctly informs the planning of programmes and structured interventions on employability essentials for students, administrators and academics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The creation of an entrepreneurship university involves the promotion and institutionalisation of the orientation towards entrepreneurship of all parts of the university, especially the scientific departments, which is affected by several factors. Therefore, our research investigates the effect of transformational leadership style of academic departments' heads on entrepreneurial orientation of these departments mediated by speaking up behaviour of faculty members. Data were collected from 217 faculty members of 50 academic departments in universities of Qom city and provided support for the model. The findings demonstrated a positive and significant relationship between transformational leadership and speaking up, between speaking up and entrepreneurial orientation, and between transformational leadership and entrepreneurial orientation. Furthermore, speaking up mediates the relation between transformation leadership style and entrepreneurial orientation. These findings highlight the catalyst role of speaking up, leveraging transformational leadership as antecedents of entrepreneurial orientation in academic departments. These findings are valuable inputs for managers in university, and policy makers in a higher education sector. Eventually, the theoretical and practical inferences of this research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite progress in recognising the popularity of explaining a university's entrepreneurial orientation (EO), the literature still lacks clear and systematic means of evaluating and measuring university EO. This study seeks to assess the different ways of measuring university EO and develop recommendations for future research to address this gap. Based on a systematic EO review of empirical research were identified three thematic groups: (i) EO and academic entrepreneurship, (ii) EO and entrepreneurial universities, and (iii) EO and academic spinoffs. These results allow for a greater understanding of the research topics and develop an integrated framework, thus helping to measure and refine operationalisations of EO that can help formulate future quantitative studies and increase the empirical accuracy of the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper gives theoretical view of impact of Covid-19 on higher education in Macedonia. Covid-19 outbreak has essentially brought to the surface all the anomalies and strengths of the universities’ work up to now and the management of their resources. Analyzing the case study - Goce Delchev University, as a positive and successful example, we can conclude that the entrepreneurial orientation in management of universities is crucial for successful coping with the crisis. By March 2020, more than 4,400 students and 360 lecturers were actively using Microsoft 365 tools to access, learn, and share content, making Goce Delchev, one of the universities in Macedonia shift to a remote educational environment, aligning students with the demands of increasingly digitized world. The paper instigates мany questions for higher education: What are the new teaching methods, tools and formats that have been emerging so far? Which of these will remain after the pandemic? How are universities counterbalancing this “loss” and how will internationalization be reshaped in the months and years to come? Can universities turn this into an opportunity?

The paper examines the role of organizational commercial slack (OCS) in mediating the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and the effectiveness of knowledge transfer (KT) in universities. The paper identifies two types of commercial slack in the university setting: financial and promotional. Four research hypotheses are proposed. Pooled data, that is, a combination of a questionnaire survey of 110 Taiwanese universities with a data set of university KT effectiveness from the Ministry of Education, Taiwan, are collected to test the aforementioned research hypotheses. The empirical results indicate that the EO of a university enables the university to provide appropriate OCS. Furthermore, the commercial slack of a university positively mediates the relationship between EO and KT effectiveness. The paper concludes that developing EO and OCS are crucial for improving the KT effectiveness of a university. Moreover, some managerial and policy implications for promoting EO and OCS in universities are suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advances in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) bear the promise of multiple benefits, including individual and entrepreneurial empowerment. The prospect of harnessing ICT as a means of creating growth and development opportunities is particularly appealing in developing countries. Still, several factors, including digital illiteracy and gender inequality, hamper the possibility of effective and universal utilization of these opportunities, in extreme cases leading to digital divide, gender-based exclusion, poverty, and precarity. Using this observation as a springboard, the objective of this paper is to conceptualize and quantify the digital divide-gender-entrepreneurial orientation nexus as it emerges in the perception of Pakistan higher education students. Using a quantitative approach, this study identifies the impact of digital skills (and thus the knowledge inequalities that can determine the potential digital gap) on entrepreneurship-related technology adoption (as measured through Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology, UTAUT), whereby gender is treated as a moderator. The empirical findings, based on Structure Equation Modelling (SEM) and Multiple Group Analysis (MGA), show that digital skills and perceptions of technology capabilities have a substantial impact on the desire to use ICT in entrepreneurial activities. The influence of technology adoption intent on the development of entrepreneurial orientation is also confirmed. This paper adds to the broader debate on gender, digital divide and entrepreneurship. Importantly, by identifying some of the drivers behind students' technology adoption in a developing nation such as Pakistan, filled with technological and economic unbalances, the conclusions of this study will have conceptual, managerial, and policymaking applications, notably in terms of technological access, digital literary, and gender-based exclusion. • This paper examines the digital divide-entrepreneurial orientation-gender nexus among Pakistani higher education students. • Digital skills and perceptions of technology capabilities significatly impact the desire to use ICT for entrepreneurship. • The influence of technology adoption intent on the development of entrepreneurial orientation is also confirmed. • Results have managerial and policymaking applications about technological access, digital literary and gender exclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper gives theoretical view of impact of Covid - 19 on higher education in Macedonia.Covid - 19 outbreak has essentially brought to the surface all the anomalies and strengths of the universities’ work up to now and the management of their resources. Analyzing the case study - Goce Delchev University, as a positive and successful example, we can conclude that the entrepreneurial orientation in management of universities is crucial for successful coping with the crisis. By March 2020, more than 4,400 students and 360 lecturers were actively using Microsoft 365 tools to access, learn, and share content, making Goce Delchev, one of the universities in Macedonia shift to a remote educational environment, aligning students with the demands of increasingly digitized world. The paper instigates мany questions for higher education: What are the new teaching methods, tools and formats that have been emerging so far? Which of these will remain after the pandemic? How are universities counterbalancing this “loss” and how will internationalization be reshaped in the months and years to come? Can universities turn this into an opportunity? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research Summary : As a firm‐level attribute, entrepreneurial orientation (EO)'s beneficial relationship to firm performance has been established in the corporate sector; however, its implications in other sectors including university settings remain a rather underexplored area. Based on a sample of 107 universities in the United States, we examine the impact of EO on a wide range of university performance measures from commercialization of intellectual property to more comprehensive university performance metrics. Our findings underscore the critical importance of EO in the context of universities and also reveal the moderation effects of university characteristics such as size and the presence of science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) focus. Managerial Summary : This study examines the impact of EO on university performance. Our findings can be of significance to higher education administrators in several ways. First, we draw attention to the need to recognize university EO as the glue that binds resources together for discovery and exploitation of opportunities. Furthermore, the evidence connecting EO to the U.S. News and World rankings demonstrates that leveraging university EO has potential to impact metrics that many of its stakeholders pay attention to. In addition, our findings suggest that large universities and those with a STEM focus are able to better leverage the EO shift upward in their rankings, which provides guidance for university administrators on how to strategically create and develop new academic programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, something essential in Higher Education Institutions (HEI) is seeking to be entrepreneurial, with human resources with entrepreneurial characteristics. The success of higher education institutions will depend on the performance of its human resources. The main objective of this paper is to propose the concept of individual entrepreneurial orientation (IEO), based on the construct Entrepreneurial Orientation, a concept from the strategy-making literature, composed of five entrepreneurial dimensions (autonomy, innovativeness, risk taking, proactiveness, and competitive aggressiveness) (Lumpkin and Dess Academy of Management Review, 21(3), 605–607, 1996a; 135–172, b). The paper also proposes a measurement scale with a set of items, which are to measure the IEO of Teachers and Researchers in HEI. The EO will be measured by the ENTRE-U scale developed by Todorovic, McNaughton, and Guild in (Technovation, 31, 128–137, 2011) and adapted in this study to the individual level (I-ENTRE-U). A set of items is reviewed from the ENTRE-U, and the proposal scale adaptation was validated by academic experts. To test, debug and validate this measuring instrument, we used the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), Pearson's correlations and Cronbach's alphas, among other measures. This paper conceptualizes the EO strategy, taking into account higher education peculiarities and discusses the dimensions of the IEO concept in HEI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This research aimed to exam the role of entrepreneurial traits as moderating variable on relationship between students' academic performance and entrepreneurial orientation. This research was conducted university students. Analysis: The data were drawn from 250 students through survey using questionnaires. There were four universities participated in the survey. The results of survey were analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis to answer the proposed hypotheses. Method: Regression Analysis is technique which is used to see the significance of independent variables toward dependent variable. So that, added one variable that indicating interaction. Findings: The finding of the research found that students' academic performance significantly affected on entrepreneurial orientation of the students. Meanwhile, the students entrepreneurial traits significantly influenced on entrepreneurial orientation. Implications of the finding were also discussed in the paper. Result: Testing of moderating effect demonstrated that entrepreneurial traits significantly moderated relationship between students' academic performance and entrepreneurial orientation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent times, the propensity to establish a reciprocal association between universities and industries through an interchange of knowledge is becoming greater. In developing countries, the perception of academicians in entrepreneurial universities, however, is mixed. This research aims to satisfy a clear gap in the main field of research whereabouts only recent studies analysed the challenges imposed by knowledge management. The main objective looks into the factors contributing towards advancement of entrepreneurial university paradigms in a developing country, Malaysia. This study carried out a survey among academicians who are currently employed in 15 public and private universities. The majority of the respondents believe their university contains strong elements of entrepreneurism. With respect to previous literature, this study is useful for government and university authorities to formulate guidelines and policies to implement and reinforce the concept of entrepreneurial universities, in order to extend debates concerning the creation of entrepreneurship ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify a 'healthy' academic setting that drives the entrepreneurial orientation of academics in an Australian business school. Design/methodology/approach: This paper adopts a constructivist paradigm to gain a new perspective in academic entrepreneurship considering the changing university landscape. A mixed method approach was used in analysing the data. Findings: The model developed indicates that a healthy academic setting builds a knowledge sharing environment and promotes increased entrepreneurial orientation of academics. Practical/social implications: The entrepreneurial orientation of academics can assist universities in adapting business models to face the challenges of the industry sector. Originality: Most studies on academic entrepreneurship are of a quantitative nature. This case study identified the key variables to assist entrepreneurism in terms of linking the innate attributes of individuals to the academic setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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To help address enrollment and financial challenges institutions of higher learning may benefit by having a better understanding of entrepreneurial leadership orientations, or skills, of academic deans. This study revealed several significant correlations between the self-reported entrepreneurial orientations of academic deans in upstate New York, working in independent colleges and universities, and certain demographic characteristics of their positions. Academic deans reported 'team builder' and 'proactive' as their two highest ranked, self-reported entrepreneurial characteristics, while 'risk taking' was ranked as the lowest characteristic. The results indicated a significant correlation between certain variables applicable to academic deans' positions, such as years of experience and job expectations, with the self-reported entrepreneurial orientations of such deans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper attempt to appropriately measure student perception about the performance their lecturers/teacher in higher education by means of entrepreneurship orientation construct. In this study, efforts are made to evaluate the students perception with three factors of entrepreneurship orientation construct i.e. innovativeness, proactiveness and risk taking. Using the data collected from Finland and Pakistan on the questionnaire developed on the basis of the previous entrepreneurship orientation construct. We find evidence that students' perception can be explained with use of innovativeness, proactiveness and risk taking attributes of the lecturer/ teacher in Finland and Pakistan. Leadership in higher education can leverage their role by including lecturers/teachers. Inferences are made of the finding along with the recommended prospect studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the entrepreneurial orientation among university students in the Sindh Province of Pakistan. Specifically, it aims to examine the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and university education. For this purpose, this study takes into consideration demographic characteristics, work history, role models and the role of university education. A descriptive analysis carried out on the data gathered from questionnaire demonstrates that demographic characteristics such as age, gender, and religion have no significant relationship on entrepreneurial orientation of students. On the other hand, business education at university greatly influences the career choices of students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]