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【Objective】The present paper aimed to enrich the salt tolerance gene resources of Arundo donax and provide help for molecular breeding.【Method】The ‘LZ＿ No.1’ A. donax with consistent growth were treated with 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mmol/L NaCl salt solutions for 36 hours, and each treatment consisted of 3 replicates. Stems from the same site were collected for transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. 5 differentially expressed genes were randomly selected for qRT-PCR to verify the expression pattern.【Result】De novo assembly was performed on the sequencing data after quality control, and a total of 971 309 transcripts were generated, with a GC content of 47.14%, and the N50 of Unigene contigs reached 1126 bp, indicating a good assembly effect. The 7305 differentially expressed genes identified were subjected to GO and KEGG enrichment analysis, and the results showed that stems of ‘LZ＿ No.1’ responded to salt stress mainly through nitrogen metabolism, ion transport, terpenoid synthesis, zeatin synthesis, linoleic acid metabolism, salicylic acid biosynthesis and osmotic regulator substances. The differentially expressed genes were screened, and a total of 104 core differentially expressed genes were obtained, of which 88315＿c0＿g1＿i1, 1200＿c2＿g1＿i1, 13330＿c0＿g1＿i8, 46571＿c0＿g1＿i7, 3434＿c0＿g1＿i11 and 713＿c0＿g1＿i32 genes with large differential multiples may play an important role in the response to the salt. The identification of transcription factors indicated that AP2/ERF-ERF family, MYB-related family and WRKY family were the most important gene families in salt response, and most of these three transcription factor family members were up-regulated in response to salt stress, indicating that they mainly worked by increasing the expression of genes. The detection results of the five differentially expressed genes by qRT-PCR were basically consistent with the RNA-seq results, which also demonstrated the reliability of the transcriptome data.【Conclusion】The study identifies important genes and transcription factors of A.donax in response to salt stress, which can lay a solid foundation for its future genetic improvement work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The abundance and expression of nifH gene in root samples of five species of Arundo donax L at the mature stage were detected, which provided a technical means for the rapid quantitative detection and real-time monitoring of nifH gene. [Method] Real- time quantitative reverse PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to analyze the copy number and relative expression of nifH gene in root samples. [Result] The nifH gene expression level and copy number of the root samples of five species of Arundo donax L at the mature stage were significantly different. Among them, the relative expression level of nifH gene of liizhou 2 was the highest, showing an overexpression level, and the difference of LUzhou 2 samples reached a significant level (P <0. 05), the difference of other samples was not significant; The copy number of nifH of nitrogen fixation gene was gradually decreasing, and the copy number of nifH gene in Luzhou 1 was the highest, reaching 8. 84 x 1011/ g. LUzhou 5 was the lowest, reaching 1. 54 x 1011 / g, with significant differences among all samples. [Conclusion] Quantitative and qualitative analysis of nitrogen-fixing gene nifH based on real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR can provide theoretical basis for quantitative detection and expression of nifH gene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to reveal the nutrient cycling and stability mechanisms in slag-plant-litter system on the metal smelling slags yard for many years of ecological restoration. Five dominant plants (Dysphania ambrosioides, Arundo donax, Robinia pseudoacacacia, Broussonetia papyrifera and Cryptomeriafortunei) planted on the lead-zinc smelling slag which had been ecologically restored for six years in Northwest Guizhou were selected as the objective in this study. The contents of carbon ( C), nitrogen ( N), phosphorus ( P) and their stoichiometric characteristics in the organs of these dominant plants (fine root, coarse root, stem, branch and leaf), floor little and surface waste stag beneath plants (0-10 cm) were studied, and their relationships were also determined. The results were as follows: Their were significant differences in C, N and P contents bet ween different plants and different vegetable organs (P <.05). ln the herbaceous plants,, the average content of C was stem > leaf> root > little and in the three trees, trunk > branch > fine root > coarse root > leaf > litter, The distributions of N and P in the herbaceous plan ls were leaf > little > root > stem, leaf > root > little > stem, while in the three trees, the distribution of N and P was leaf > fine root > litter > coarse root > branch > trunk. C content in little of Cryptomeria fortune was higher than that in all organs of others, but the contents of N and P showed an opposite root . the highest content of N was found in Robinia pseudoacacia. The change of C : N and C : P in organs and little was contrary to the distributions of N and P, indicating that C : N and C : P were mainly affected by the content of N and P. Correlation analysis indicated that N : P of herbaceous plants was affected by N and P. N : P in the three other components was mainly controlled by N content, and also affected by P content in branches and leaves. Arming the N : P leaves of the five plant leaves, only the N : P of leaves in Robinia pseudoacacia was greater than 16, and the growth in the system was restricted by P, while the growth of the other four plants were mainly restricted by N, indicating that Robinia pseudoacacia is more suitable for the waste residue environment, it was reconunended to select legumes as pioneer plants in the restoration of learn waste residue yards Lo improve the substrate nutrient conditions. The contents of C, N and P in the waste slag were lower than these in organs and little of the plant. The contents of C, N and P in the surface waste slag of different plants were significantly different ( P < 0.05) . The contents of C, N and P in the residue under herbaceous restoration were lower than those under the three trees. Condition analysis between N, P and N : P between waste residue and plant-little showed that the N and P contents in fine roots and little of plants were more closely related in the N and P contents and stoichiometric ratio in the waste residue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of South China Fisheries Science is the property of South China Fisheries Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Ｗｅ ｓｔｕｄｉｅｄ ｔｈｅ ｅｆｆｅｃｔｓ ｏｆ ｍｉｘｅｄ ｐｌａｎｔｉｎｇ ｐａｔｔｅｒｎ ｏｎ ｔｈｅ ｂｉｏｍａｓｓ, ｒｏｏｔ-ｓｈｏｏｔ ｒａｔｉｏ ａｎｄ ｌｅａｄ ａｃｃｕｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ Ａｒｕｎ- ｄｏ ｄｏｎａｘ, ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈ ｐｏｔｔｉｎｇ ｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔ ｉｎ ｏｕｔｄｏｏｒ, ｂｙ ｓｅｌｅｃｔｉｎｇ Ａｃｏｒｕｓ ｔａｔａｒｉｎｏｗｉｉ, Ｉｒｉｓ ｔｅｃｔｏｒｕｍ, Ｃａｎｎａ ｉｎｄｉｃａ ａｎｄ Ａｒｕｎｄｏ ｄｏｎａｘ ａｓ ｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔａｌ ｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓ. Ｔｈｅ ｍｉｘｅｄ ｐａｔｔｅｒｎｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｆｏｒｍｅｄ ｂｙ Ａｃｏｒｕｓ ｔａｔａｒｉｎｏｗｉｉ ＋ Ａｒｕｎｄｏ ｄｏｎａｘ, Ｉｒｉｓ ｔｅｃｔｏｒｕｍ ＋ Ａｒｕｎｄｏ ｄｏｎａｘ, Ｃａｎｎａ ｉｎｄｉｃａ ＋ Ａｒｕｎｄｏ ｄｏｎａｘ, ａｎｄ Ａｒｕｎｄｏ ｄｏｎａｘ ｗａｓ ｔａｋｅｎ ａｓ ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ. Ｔｈｅ ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ ｗｅｒｅ ａｓ ｆｏｌｌｏｗｓ: (１) Ｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｅ ｓｉｎｇｌｅ ｐａｔｔｅｒｎ, ｍｉｘｅｄ ｐｌａｎｔｉｎｇ ｐａｔｔｅｒｎｓ ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｒｅｅ ａｑｕａｔｉｃ ｐｌａｎｔｓ ｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｄ ｔｈｅ ｒｏｏｔ-ｓｈｏｏｔ ｒａｔｉｏ ｏｆ Ａ. ｄｏｎａｘ ｕｎｄｅｒ ｔｈｅ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔ ｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎｓ ｏｆ ｌｅａｄ ｐｏｌｌｕｔｉｏｎ. Ｗｉｔｈ ｔｈｅ ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅ ｏｆ ｌｅａｄ ｐｏｌｌｕｔｉｏｎ ｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎ, ｔｈｅ ｒｏｏｔ-ｓｈｏｏｔ ｒａｔｉｏ ｓｈｏｗｅｄ ａｎ ｕｐｗａｒｄ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅｎ ｄｏｗｎｗａｒｄ ｔｒｅｎｄ. (２) Ｔｈｅ ｌｅａｄ ｃｏｎｔｅｎｔ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｂｏｄｙ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｓｏｉｌ ｏｆ Ａ. ｄｏｎａｘ ｓｈｏｗｅｄ ｏｂｖｉｏｕｓ ｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎ ａｃｃｕｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎ ｅｆｆｅｃｔ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｓｉｎｇｌｅ ａｎｄ ｍｉｘｅｄ ｐｌａｎｔｉｎｇ ｐａｔｔｅｒｎｓ. Ｔｈｅ ｌｅａｄ ｃｏｎｔｅｎｔ ｉｎ ｐｌａｎｔｓ ａｎｄ ｓｏｉｌ ｉｎ ｍｉｘｅｄ ｐｌａｎｔｉｎｇ ｐａｔｔｅｒｎｓ ｗａｓ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ｌｏｗｅｒ ｔｈａｎ ｔｈａｔ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｓｉｎｇｌｅ ｐｌａｎｔｉｎｇ ｐａｔｔｅｒｎ, ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔ ｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ ｓｉｎｇｌｅ ａｎｄ ｍｉｘｅｄ ｐｌａｎｔｉｎｇ ｐａｔｔｅｒｎｓ (Ｐ<０.０５). (３) Ｕｎｄｅｒ ｔｈｅ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ｏｆ ｈｉｇｈ ｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎ ｌｅａｄ ｐｏｌｌｕｔｉｏｎ, ｔｈｅ ｔｒａｎｓｌｏｃａｔｉｏｎ ｆａｃｔｏｒ ｏｆ Ａ. ｄｏｎａｘ ｗａｓ ｇｒｅａｔｅｒ ｔｈａｎ １ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｓｉｎｇｌｅ ａｎｄ ｍｉｘｅｄ ｐｌａｎｔｉｎｇ ｐａｔｔｅｒｎｓ. Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ, ｔｈｅ ｂｉｏｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎ ｆａｃｔｏｒ ｗａｓ ｇｒｅａｔｅｒ ｔｈａｎ １ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｌｏｗ ａｎｄ ｈｉｇｈ ｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎｓ ｏｆ ｌｅａｄ ｐｏｌｌｕｔｉｏｎ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｓ. Ｉｎ ｔｈｅ Ｃａｎｎａ ｉｎｄｉｃａ ＋ Ａｒｕｎｄｏ ｄｏｎａｘ ｐａｔｔｅｒｎ, ｔｈｅ ｌｅａｄ ｂｉｏｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎ ｆａｃｔｏｒ ｏｆ Ａｒｕｎｄｏ ｄｏｎａｘ ｗａｓ ｔｈｅ ｌａｒｇｅｓｔ ｉｎ ｂｏｔｈ ａｂｏｖｅ-ｇｒｏｕｎｄ ａｎｄ ｂｅｌｏｗ-ｇｒｏｕｎｄ ｐａｒｔｓ. Ｔｈｅｒｅｆｏｒｅ, ｗｅ ｂｅｌｉｅｖｅｄ ｔｈａｔ Ｃａｎｎａ ｉｎｄｉｃａ ＋ Ａｒｕｎｄｏ ｄｏｎａｘ ｐａｔｔｅｒｎ ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｄ ｔｈｅ ｂｉｏｍａｓｓ ａｎｄ ｒｏｏｔ-ｓｈｏｏｔ ｒａｔｉｏ ｏｆ Ａｒｕｎｄｏ ｄｏｎａｘ, ａｎｄ ｈａｄ ｔｈｅ ｂｅｓｔ ｐｕｒｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ ａｂｉｌｉｔｙ ｔｏ ｌｅａｄ ｃｏｎｔａｍｉｎａｔｅｄ ｓｏｉｌ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] To provide a theoretical basis for the selection of aquatic plants suitable for ecological remediation, the potential of different aquatic plants on the purification of sewage was analyzed. [Method]Nine aquatic plants were selected as research objects. Their nitrogen and phosphorus absorption along with their root oxygen release characteristics were studied by measuring pH, ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and dissolved oxygen (DO) under controlled laboratory conditions. At the same time, the relationship between the absorption of nutrients on the pH of the aqueous solution, the amount of radial oxygen loss and the amount of organic matter assimilated were analyzed. [Result]Nine kinds of aquatic plants had strong absorption capacity for N and P in water. Among them, Canna indica and Eichhomia crassipes had strong absorption capacity for N and P, Vallisneria natans had stronger ability to absorb different form of nitrogen, and Cyperus altemifolius had stronger TP absorption performance with a rate exceeding 70%. NH4+-N and TP had close relationship with pH of the medium. The correlation coefficients were 0.344 (P<0.05, n =36) and 0.708 (P<0.01, n=36) respectively, indicating that TP had a greater influence on pH. The correlation between the root radial oxygen loss and the removal of reduced organic compounds in water was higher (R2 =0. 845, P<0. 01). The root oxygen release ability was different between the nine species. The oxygen supply capacity of Arundo donax var. versicolor, Thalia dealbata and Cyperus altenifolius was significantly greater than that of other plants. [Conclusion]Vallisneria natans, Canna indica, Eichhornia crassipes, Cyperus alternifolius had better assimilation perfomance on N and P, and can be used in the sewage with high nitrogen and phosphorus content. The oxygen release ability and oxidation capacity of Arundo donax var. versicolor, Thalia dealbata and Cyperus altemifolius were higher. Oxygen organics had high removal capacity and was suitable for planting in sewage with high amount of reduced organic matter. Cyperus alternifolius not only had better purification effect on nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, but also had high oxygen release ability and removal ability of oxygen-consuming organic matter, and can be popularized and applied as cultivated plants in eutrophic water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]