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Lactococcus lactis is an important model strain in application and research of lactic acid bacteria in heterologous expression of proteins. L. lactis is an ideal host for heterologous protein expression due to its generally recognized as safe (GRAS) status, probiotic properties, the absence of inclusion bodies and endotoxins, surface display, and extracellular secretion. In view of the properties of L. lactis stimulating mucosal immunity, it has been widely used in presenting viruses and bacterial antigens. The recent research of L. lactis expression system was reviewed, with emphasis on the secretion and anchoring strategies of alloprotein expression of L. lactis, and the application of L. lactis as a microbial cell factory in food, medicine, especially antigen presentation were summarized. Finally, an outlook on the future research direction of the L. lactis expression system were provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni / Zhongshan Daxue Xuebao is the property of Sun-Yat-Sen University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Salmonella can cause infection in poultry and lead to intestinal lesions, and food-borne infections in humans through food transmission. Salmonella enters the intestines of poultry through oral ingestion, adheres to and invades intestinal epithelial cells, uses M cells and macrophages to achieve intracellular survival and reproduction, and causes intestinal lesions and systemic invasion. Virulence genes and plasmids are regulated during this process, including SPI-1 and SPI-2 encoded type IE secretion systems and induced filamentous formation that help bacteria evade host defenses. Birds enhance their ability to clear Salmonella by regulating the synergistic effect of innate immune system and adaptive immune system. In this paper, the etiology, transmission route, pathogenesis and immune response mechanism of Salmonella were described, in order to provide reference for further study of Salmonella infection in poultry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] To study the chemical composition and differences between male and female odor gland secretions of Plautia stali metathorax. [Method] A solid-phase microextraction device coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to determine and analyze the chemical composition of the metathorax odor gland secretions of the female and male insects of Plautia stali. [Result] There were a total of 38 compounds in the metathorax odor gland secretions of Plautia stali.Among them, 35 compounds were detected in the metathorax odor gland secretions of the females, and 19 compounds were detected in the metathorax odor gland secretions of the males.There were a total of 16 compounds shared between females and males, with 19 compounds only present in females and 3 compounds only present in males. [Conclusion] There are significant differences in the types of compounds in the metathorax odor gland secretions between females and males of Plautia stali. The chemical composition of the metathorax odor gland secretions in females was more complex than that in males, which may be related to the more complex physiological and ecological functions of the metathorax odor gland secretions in females. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Dermatovenereology is the property of Xi'an Jiaotong University Periodicals Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

AIM: Based on the Cre-LoxP recombinase system, Metrnl gene in β cells of islet was knockout （Metrnl-KO） to provide an animal model for further investigating the pathogenesis of Metrnl gene in diabetic diseases. METHODS: Male mice and female Metrnlfloxp/+ mice were hybridized to obtain Metrnlfloxp/floxp mice, which were then crossed with mice specifically expressing β cell Cre recombinase （Ins-2） to obtain Metrnlfloxp/+;Cre+ mice. Finally, the target mice with the genotype Metrnlfloxp/floxp;Cre+ were obtained from the crosses between Metrnlfloxp/+;Cre+ mice and Metrnlfloxp/floxp mice. The mRNA levels of Metrnl and insulin （Ins-1 and Ins-2） were measured using RT-qPCR. The protein expression of Metrnl and insulin in the islets was observed using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. The body weight, and the glucose and insulin tolerance of the mice were recorded. RESULTS: Both RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry showed that the Metrnl mRNA and protein levels in the islets of Metrnl-KO mice were significantly lower than those of control mice （P<0.01）. The body weight of Metrnl-KO mice did not show a significant change compared with control mice, but Metrnl-KO mice exhibited impaired glucose tolerance and reduced sensitivity to insulin （P<0. 01）. The mRNA levels of Ins-1 and Ins-2 in the islets of Metrnl-KO mice significantly decreased according to RT-qPCR（ P<0. 01）, and the insulin protein expression in the islets was lower than that in control mice according to immunofluorescence （P<0. 05）. The glucose-stimulated insulin secretion experiment showed that Metrnl knockout decreased insulin secretion in mice （P<0. 05）. CONCLUSION: We successfully generated and validated an Metrnl gene knockout mouse model in β cells of the islets. Our findings demonstrate that Metrnl knockout in β cells affects the glucose and insulin tolerance, and impairs the insulin secretion in mice. This model provides a basis for further investigating the mechanism of Metrnl in diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gut hormones are a large class of polypeptides an. amines secreted by enteroendocrine cells (EECs), which play an important role in appetite regulation, gastrointestinal motility, digestive enzyme secretion, and blood pressure and glycemic control. The secretion of gut hormones is regulated by dietary factors, and food -derived bioactive peptides (FBPs are one of the important dietary factors regulating the secretion of gut hormones. This study reviewed the research progress and action mechanisms of FBPs regulating gut hormones secretion in recent years. In addition, the future research directions were prospected to provide reference for the research and application of FBPs in the regulation of gut hormones secretion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Science & Technology & Economy is the property of Grain Science & Technology & Economy Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Atrial fibrillation is one of the most common arrhythmias. The mechanism of atrial fibrillation is not yet clear. A number of previous studies have shown that adipokines, including leptin, visfatin, are closely related to cardiovascular diseases.In this study, the relationship between leptin, visfatin and atrial fibrillation was investigated. Methods: In this study, the secretion levels of leptin and visfatin in peripheral blood and epicardial adipose tissue of AF group and control group were detected. To explore the relationship between leptin, visfatin and AF. Results: The average concentration of visfatin in peripheral blood serum of atrial fibrillation group was 15.95±10.44 ng/mL, and the sinus rhythm group was 20.28±12.90 ng/mL, and there was not statistically significant (P=0.169); The average concentration of leptin in peripheral blood in the atrial fibrillation group was 1.48 ng/mL, and in the sinus rhythm group was 2.56ng/mL. The comparison between the two was statistically significant (P=0.0027). Serum leptin levels in the sinus group were significantly higher than those in the atrial fibrillation group; In epicardial adipose tissue, the expression of leptin in the atrial fibrillation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P=0.032), while the expression of visfatin was not statistically different between the two groups (P=0.06). Conclusions: The incidence of atrial fibrillation can be reduced by high levels of leptin in peripheral blood serum and epicardial adipose tissue. The levels of visfatin in peripheral blood serum and epicardial adipose tissue in patients with atrial fibrillation was not significantly different from those with sinus rhythm. Therefore there may not be a correlation between visfatin and atrial fibrillation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve the secretion mass fraction of tobacco glandular trichomes, a homozygous mutant plant TTB-1 (tobacco trichome bioreactor-1) was obtained by using gene editing technology to remove NtCycB2, a negative regulatory gene of glandular trichome development, in T.I.1068 germplasm. The results showed that TTB-1 plants grew vigorously and developed normally. Unlike the flue-cured tobacco cv. K326, the surface fur of TTB-1 and T.I.1068 was composed of glandular trichomes without protection. The glandular trichome density of TTB-1 was 53.41% higher than that of T.I.1068 and 7 times higher than that of K326. Compared to K326, the TTB-1 glandular head was fuller and Rhodamine staining was darker. The test results of the chemical components on the leaf surface of the middle leaves of tobacco plants at the bud stage indicated that the components in TTB-1 and T.I.1068 secretions were consistent, but the content of secretions was significantly higher in TTB-1, and its total secretion amount was 63.11% higher than that of T.I.1068. The secretions of TTB-1 differed from those of K326. In addition to cembranoid diterpene and type I-II sucrose esters, TTB-1 also contained labdane diterpene and type III-V sucrose esters, and its total secretion amount was 7.95 times of that of K326. The mature upper, middle and lower leaves were harvested in batches and the chemical components on the leaf surfaces were extracted. The concrete yield was 0.61%, 0.43%, and 0.30% of the fresh upper, middle, and lower leaf weights, respectively, and the average concrete yield per plant was 8.90 g. The concrete yield was 0.45% of the fresh leaf weight, and the average concrete yield per plant was 8.06 g when harvesting by one-priming at flowering stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Guangxi Normal University - Natural Science Edition is the property of Gai Kan Bian Wei Hui and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aeromonas hydrophila is a common pathogen in water environment and has strong pathogenicity. In this study, the gene aguA of A. hydrophila was knocked out for the first time. Transcriptome analysis and qRT-PCR indicated that the knockout of aguA down-regulated the bacterial adhesion process, pathogenic process, amine metabolism process and etc. In addition, type Ⅵ secretion system genes, type Ⅱ secretion system genes, flagella synthesis-related genes, fimbriae synthesis-related genes, hemolysis genes, type Ⅰ secretion system genes, enterotoxin genes, and RTX genes were also down-regulated at the transcriptome level. qRT-PCR showed that most of these genes were significantly down-regulated. Compared with the wild strain, the pathogenicity of A. hydrophila aguA-knocked-out strain infected grass goldfish was reduced by 86.6% through infection experiment in vivo, and it was found that the biofilm formation ability of the aguA-knocked-out strain was reduced by 16.6%. The above results show that aguA gene is closely related to the pathogenicity of A. hydrophila. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics (2097-2806) is the property of China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of China Medical University is the property of Journal of China Medical University Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology / Zhongguo Shipin Xuebao is the property of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology Periodical Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is a precursor of NAD+ with important medical value. Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) expresses and secretes the enzymes nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Sfnampt), phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate kinase (Tkprs), and ribokinase (Erbks), which catalyze the synthesis of NMN through the signal peptide PelB. The enzymatic characteristics of three enzymes were analyzed, and the results showed that the optimum reaction temperatures of Sfnampt, Tkprs, and Erbks were 45 °C, 50 °C, and 37 °C respectively, and the optimum pH values were 7.5, 8.5, and 5.5 respectively. In terms of thermal stability, Sfnampt was found to have good thermal stability at 35 °C and poor stability at 40~55 °C. The thermal stability of Tkprs was optimized at 40~60 °C, whereas that of Erbks was best at 25~40 °C and poor at 45 °C. The results of the enzyme kinetic analysis showed that the Vmax values of Sfnampt, Tkprs, and Erbks were 0.65, 2.37, and 12.58 μmol/(L·min), respectively, and Km values were 2.87, 25.48, and 74.13 μmol/L, respectively. Compared with the characterized Prs and Rbks, Tkprs and Erbks had better substrate affinity. The three enzymes were used for the catalytic synthesis of NMN, and the optimum catalytic conditions were 37 ? and pH 8.0. The substrate ATP and enzyme Sfnampt were the key factors in the reaction system. After optimizing the ratio of substrate and enzyme, 5.5 μmol/L of NMN could be obtained after 7 h of catalysis by the three enzymes. In this study, the enzymes for the pathway of NMN synthesis were determined to be successfully expressed and secreted in E. coli, which indicates a new direction for the synthesis of NMN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Modern Food Science & Technology is the property of Editorial Office of Modern Food Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The experiment was to investigate the anti-PRV-effect in vitro of HYP and QUE, which were the active flavonoids extracted from Polygonum hydropiper L.. The toxicity of drug on porcine alveolar macrophages (3D4/2) was detected by CCK-8 assay, and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines in PRV-infected 3D4/2 cells was detected by different concentrations of HYP and QUE. The results showed that HYP and QUE had different promoting effect on activity of 3D4/2 cells in concentration range of 40 and 160 μmol/L, respectively. HYP and QUE with concentrations of 10~40 μmol/L and 10~160 μmol/L were selected as the concentration range for subsequent experiments. Compared with control group, 3D4/2 cells infected with PRV of 102 TCID50 was significantly increased the secretion levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α (P<0.05). QUE treatment with 40 μmol/L for 8, 12 and 24 h could significantly or extremely decrease the secretion levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in infected cells (P<0.05 or P<0.01). HYP treatment with 20 μmol/L for 8, 12 and 24 h could significantly or extremely decrease the secretion levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in infected cells (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The experiment indicates that a certain concentration of HYP and QUE can effectively reduce the inflammatory response caused by PRV infection. The maximum safe concentration of QUE to 3D4/2 cells is 160 μmol/L. The maximum safe concentration of HYP on 3D4/2 cells is 40 μmol/L. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni / Zhongshan Daxue Xuebao is the property of Sun-Yat-Sen University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences is the property of Editorial Board of Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[Objectives] This study aimed to investigate the effect of phenylalanine(Phe) on cholecystokinin(CCK) secretion in swine duodenal perfusion in vitro. In addition,the potential roles of the calcium-sensing receptor(CaSR),umami receptor(type 1 taste receptor 1/3,T1R1/T1R3) and downstream phospholipase C(PLC) and transient receptor potential subfamily M member 5(TRPM5) were also demonstrated. [Methods] Western blot was used to detect whether CaSR expressed in swine duodenum. Based on the above result,the effect of Phe on CCK secretion was explored by using in vitro perfusion system and the roles of the CaSR,T1R1/T1R3 and downstream PLC,TRPM5 on CCK secretion were investigated by the addition of inhibitors or agonists. [Results] CaSR protein was expressed in pig duodenum,and 50 mmol·L-1 L-Phe instead of D-Phe stimulated CCK secretion(P<0.05). CaSR inhibitors NPS 2143(25 μmol·L-1) or calhex 231(20 μmol·L-1) suppressed CCK secretion(P<0.05),however,T1R1/T1R3 agonist inosine monophosphate(IMP,2.5 mmol·L-1) or inhibitor lactisole(5 mmol·L-1) had no effect on CCK secretion(P>0.05). The addition of PLC antagonist U-73122(10 μmol·L-1) or TRPM5 inhibitor triphenylphophine oxide(TPPO,100 μmol·L-1) inhibited CCK secretion(P<0.05). [Conclusions] CaSR and downstream PLC/TRPM5 played an important role in L-Phe induced CCK secretion from swine duodenum in vitro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics (1001-1803) is the property of China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Brewing is the property of China Brewing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJECTIVE: Acute high-intensity exercise can temporarily suppress appetite, but the effect of appetite hormones in this process is inconclusive. Meta-analysis is used to explore the effects of acute high-intensity exercise on adult appetite hormones, and provide theoretical basis for the follow-up research on the effects of exercise on appetite hormones. METHODS: Chinese and International databases such as CNKI, WanFang, Web of Science, PubMed and other databases were searched for articles regarding the effects of acute high-intensity exercise on appetite hormones. The literature search time span was from inception to August 17, 2019. The subjects included in the article were all adults. The intervention measure was a single high-intensity exercise. The outcome indicators were one or combination of acylated ghrelin, peptide YY, peptide YY 3-36, pancreatic polypeptide, and pancreatic height, and glucagon-like peptide-1 expressed by area under curves. In this meta-analysis, an improved version of Cochrane risk bias tool was used to evaluate methodological quality, and Revman 5.3 and STATA15.0 software were used for the meta-analysis of the outcome indicators of the included literature. RESULTS: A total of 18 research literatures were included, with a total of 212 subjects, including 179 males and 33 females. The literature quality evaluation results showed that the overall literature quality was high. Meta-analysis results showed that acute high-intensity exercise could significantly inhibit acylated ghrelin level (standardized mean difference (SMD)=-0.27, 95% confidence interval (CI):-0.45 to -0.08, P < 0.05), and significantly increase peptide YY (SMD=-0.31, 95%CI: 0.07-0.54, P < 0.05). Although there was an increase in the levels of peptide YY 3-36 (SMD=0.29, 95%CI: -0.19 to 0.77, P ﹥ 0.05), pancreatic polypeptide (SMD=0.37, 95%CI: -0.07 to 0.81, P ﹥ 0.05), and glucagon-like peptide-1 (SMD=0.29, 95%CI: -0.17 to 0.75, P ﹥ 0.05) after acute highintensity exercise, it had no significant significance. CONCLUSION: Overall, acute high-intensity exercise has a certain effect on the level of appetite hormones, which can significantly inhibit orexigenic hormones and increase anorexigenic gastrointestinal hormones. The results suggest that acute high-intensity exercise can effectively regulate the secretion of appetite hormones, thereby controlling appetite and food intake, and can play a positive role in weight management. But future large-sample trials are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The present paper aimed to study the effects of different breeding systems on emotional factors (5-hydroxytryptamine 5 -HT, beta-endorphin β-EP, Cortisol, etc.) and the mRNA expression of antidepressant factor Pll gene. [Method] Total 60 60-day-old Suzhong pigs (BW =28.4 ± 0. 30 kg) were randomly assigned to two treatments and raised in the concrete floor house (CFH) and deep-litter house (DLH) system. Each treatment had 3 replicates and each replicate for CFH and DLH had 10 pigs. The trial lasted 90 days (45 days, the early fatting stage; 90 days, later fatting stage). On the 45th and 90th days, blood samples were collected for testing emotional indexes of pigs. On the 90 days,hypothalamus tissue was gained for testing the mRNA expression of p11 gene using RT-PCR. [Result] (i) In saliva,the concentrations of 5-HT and Cortisol in DIE group were significantly higher than that in CFH group (P < O. 05),while there were no significant difference in the concentrations of β-EP and acetylcholine (Ach) (P >0. 05). (ii) In early fatting stage on the 45 days, the concentration of semm β-EP, Cortisol and zinc (Zn) in DLH group were significantly higher than that in CFH group (P< 0. 05). Serum 5-HT and Ach had a tendency to increase (P.0.065, P = 0. 062),while the concentration of magnesium (Mg) was not influenced (P >0. 05). In the later stage of fattening (on the 90 day),the concentrations of semm β-EP,cortisol and 5-HT in DLH group were significantly higher than that in CFH group (P< 0. 05), the concentration of semm ach was significantly lower in DLH group (P< 0.05). The concentration of serum Zn and Mg was not significantly difference (P >0.05) . (iii) RT-PCR results showed that the mRNA expression of P11 gene in the hypothalamusin of DLH group was increased with an increasing tendency (P = 0.062). [Conclusion] The deep-litter house system can improve the secretion of emotional material and also promote the secretion of anti-depression P11 protein in pigs' brain, which may reduce pigs' physiological stress and improve the breeding welfare. The pigs are happy and healthy to grow in the deep-litter house system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of China Brewing is the property of China Brewing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Investigate the levels of trace elements Cu, Zn, Se in whole blood and the levels of inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-琢in serum of patients with immune infertility, inflammatory factors and immune infertility. Forty patients with immune infertility were used as the study group, and 40 healthy persons were used as controls. The trace elements Cu, Zn and Se in whole blood in the two groups were detected by a medical trace element analyzer, and the serum IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-琢were detected by the enzyme-linked immunoassay kit, and the Cu, Zn and Se in whole blood level and correlation between IL-6, IL-8, TNF-琢and immune infertility were analyzed. The whole blood Cu level in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group, while the whole blood Zn and Se levels were significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05), the levels of whole blood trace elements Cu, Zn and Se in patients with immune infertility are abnormal, of which Cu abnormally increases and Zn and Se abnormally decreases. The IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-琢in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05), there is an abnormal increase in inflammatory factors in serum of patients with immune infertility. The whole blood trace elements Cu, Zn and inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-琢in vaginal secretions are all closely related to immune infertility (P<0.05). The levels of whole blood trace elements Cu, Zn and Se in patients with immune infertility are abnormal, and the levels of inflammatory factors in serum are abnormal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that titanium nanotubes with different diameters effect the adhesion and growth of cells on the implant surface. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of annealing treatment on the biological behaviors of fibroblasts on the surface of TiO2 nanotubes with different diameters. METHODS: TiO2 nanotubes were prepared by polishing pure titanium samples through anodizing at 5 V and 20 V respectively, and then annealed. The pure titanium samples were divided into six groups: P (polishing titanium), NT5 (TiO2, nanotubes prepared at 5 V), NT20 (TIO2 nanotubes prepared at 20 V), A-P (annealing treatment and polishing titanium), A-NT5 (TiO2, nanotubes prepared at 5V and annealed) and A-NT20(TiO2, nanotubes formed at 20 V and annealed). Field emission scanning electron microscopy was used to obsesrve the surface topography. Fibroblasts were inoculated on the surface of each group of samples. After 60 and 120 minutes of culture, the number of cells adhering to titanium sample surface was counted using cell nucleus staining method. On day 1 of culture, cell morphology was observed using scanning electron microscopy. On days 1, 3 and 5 of culture, cell proliferation was detected by MIT method. On day 3 of culture, the secreation of collagen fiber was detected by picro-sirius red staining method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The annealing treatment had no significant effect on the morphology and diameter of the nanotubes. (2) The number of adherent cells in the NT5 and NT20 groups was significantly lower than that in the P group. The annealing treatment the number of fibroblasts on the surface of polished pure titanium and decreased the number of fibroblosts in the NT5 and NT20 groups. (3) Annealing enhanced the viability of fibroblasts on the surface of polished pure titanium and decreased the viability of cells on the surface of nanotubes prepared at 5 and 20 V. (4) Cell viability in the NT5 and NT20 groups was lower than that in the P group. Annealing treatment increased the viability of cells on the surface of polished pure titanium and decreased the viability of cells on the surface of nanotubes prepared at 5 and 20 V. (5) The level of collagen on the surface of nanotubes in the NT5 and NT20 groups was higher than that in the P group. Annealing treatment increased the level of collagen on the surface of polished pure titanium and decreased the level of collagen in the NT5 and NT20 groups. These findings suggest that TiO2, nanotubes inhibit the adhesion, spreading and proliferation of fibroblasts to different degrees; annealing treatment can enhance this inhibitory effect; TiO2, nanotubes enhance collagen secreation by fibroblasts to different degrees, and annealing treatment inhibits the enhancement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives] The aim of the study was to identify the novel effectors of type VI secretion system (T6SS) and explore its function in Aeromonas hydrophila Chinese epidemic strain NJ-35,which was beneficial to further investigating the pathogenesis of pathogens.[Methods] The putative effector was screened in the whole genome of A.hydrophila NJ-35 based on the reported conservative domain DUF4123. Furthermore,the mutant and complementation strains were constructed via homologous recombination,and the competitiveness,growth,motility,biofilm formation,anti-phagocytosis and virulence in zebrafish were measured.[Results] A putative gene was obtained and named tle1AH (U876-17550),and its mutant (Δtle1AH) and complemented (CΔtle1AH) strains were constructed. The Δtle1AH showed a significant decrease in anti-bacterial efficacy against Escherichia coli and anti-phagocytosis activity. In addition,the biofilm formation ability of Δtle1AH increased significantly,and its virulence decreased in zebrafish,more than a 10-fold increase in LD50 over the wild-type strain (P<0.01). Meanwhile,the above characteristics of CΔtle1AH were restored to the same level of the wild type strain.[Conclusions] In this study,a functional analysis was conducted on a putative effector protein of T6SS in A.hydrophila,which provides a basis for further research on the role of T6SS in the pathogenic mechanism of this bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Food Research & Development is the property of Food Research & Development Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Inflammation is an adaptive response to the body, winch will cause damage to the body. Research shows that the development of many diseases is related to the disorder of inflammation. As an indispensable protein family of the human body, the sulfated enzyme has a close association with inflammation. Sulfatase esterase Modifier 2 (SUMF2) is involved in the activation of sulfate esterase and is closely related to fever. Fever is the most important manifestation of inflammation. After the lipopolysaccharide stimulated the human body, the expression of the SUMF2 was significantly reduced. SUMF2 has been confirmed to interact with interleulin 13 (IL-13) and can inhibit lL-13 secretion in vitro. lL-13 can play an anti-inflammatory role by inhibiting the production of inflammatory factors. This article will review the effect of sulfated esterase, SUMF2 and their effect on inflammation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To observe the effect of hypoxia on the endotoxin tolerance (ET) of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLFs), and preliminarily investigate the underlying mechanism. Methods: hPDLFs were cultured and identified after human periodontium were cut into pieces and digested with trypsin. Then to observe the effect of hypoxia and hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) on the secretions of cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 by hPDLFs, HIF-1αwas overexpressed by lentivirus vector in normoxia or inhibited by specific inhibitor YC-1 in hypoxia. Result: ① When hPDLFs were stimulated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) again, the secretions of cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 were not significantly reduced compared with the initial stimulation in hypoxia (P>0.05), indicating that the activities of ET in hPDLFs were inhibited in hypoxia. ② Compared with the HIF-1α unoverexpressed group, the secretion of inflammatory factor IL-6 or IL-8 by hPDLFs was not significantly decreased in the HIF-1α overexpressed group upon LPS re-stimulation in normoxia (P>0.05), while the secretion was significantly inhibited when the expression of HIF-1αin hPDLFs was inhibited in hypoxia (P<0.05). Conclusion: Hypoxia may inhibit hPDLFs ET through inducing the expression of HIF-1α to enhance the immune injury of periodontal tissues, suggesting a new potential mechanism for hypoxia aggravating periodontitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Southern Agriculture is the property of Journal of Southern Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To investigate and analyze the expression of HPV DNA content，serum and secretion MMP in the patients with cervical cancer and response value for the prognosis. Methods 90 patients with cervical cancer from June 2016 to July 2018 were selected as the observation group，90 healthy women at the same time were selected as the control group. Then the HPV DNA content，serum and secretion MMP of two groups were detected and compared, and the expression levels of observation group with different stages，degree of differentiation and lymph node metastasis were compared. Results The HPV DNA content, serum and secretion MMP of observation group were higher than those of the control group，the expression levels of the observation group with different stages. Degree of differentiation and lymph node metastasis were compared，and there were all statistically significant differences （ ＜0.05） ．Conclusion The expression of HPV DNA content，serum and secretion MMP in the patients with cervical cancer show higher expression states，and the response values for the prognosis are higher，so its clinical detection significance in the patients with cervical cancer is high. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of IL-6 overexpression in malignant glioma cells and clarify the potential molecular mechanism of GBM development. Methods: The relative level of IL-6 in EGFRvIII positive and negative GBM tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. U87MG-EGFRvIII cells expressing EGFRvIII were constructed from U87MG malignant glioma cells. U87MG and U87MG-EGFRvIII cells were treated with IL-1β, and the secretion of IL-6 was detected by ELISA. The cells were pretreated with p38MAPK, MK2, MEK1/2, JNK inhibitor SB, sc-48, PD and SP for 1 hour, the changes of IL-6 secretion were measured after IL-1βtreated. IL-1β-treated U87MG-EGFRvIII cells were recorded as IL-1βgroup, and U87MG-EGFRvIII cells were recorded as control group with no treatment. IL-1βcells treated with SB or sc-48 were named as IL-1β+ SB and IL-1β+ sc-48 group, respectively. The expression of p38MAPK-MK2 pathway protein and IL-6 protein were detected by western blot. The expression of IL-6 mR- NA was detected by qPCR. Results: IL-6 is generally high expressed in EGFRvIII-positive GBMtissues compared with that in EGFRvIII-negative GBM tissues. U87MG cells expressing the oncogene EGFRvIII were successfully constructed. The oncogene EGFRvIII can upregulate IL-6 basal secretion in glioma cells, and further promote IL-6 secreting under the stimulation of IL-1β. In U87MG cells, all inhibitors had almost no effect on IL-6 secretion; p38 MAPK-MK2 pathway inhibitors SB, sc-48 significantly inhibited IL-1β-induced IL-6 secretion in U87MG-EGFRvIII cells while MEK1/2, JNK inhibitor PD, SP had no significant effect. IL-1β-treated cells could in- duce the activation of p38MAPK-MK2 pathway and induce the expression of intracellular IL-6. The activity of p38MAPK-MK2 pathway and the expression of IL-6 were inhibited after IL-1βcombinated with SB and sc-48. Conclusion: The oncogene EGFRvIII can upregulate IL-6 basal secretion in glioma cells with no IL-1βtreatment, and further promote the secretion of IL-6 under the stimulation of IL-1β, which may be related to the activation of p38MAPK-MK2 pathway. Our research revealing that glioma cells may form inflammatory microenvironment through endogenous (EGFRvIII) and exogenous (IL-1β) factors, and provides the possibility for further improvement of brain-permeable and anti-inflammatory inhibitors targeting p38 MAPK, MK2 to improve the progression of aggressive gliomas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective: To investigate the inhibition and related molecular mechanisms of berberine on inflammation induced by LPS in HUVEC. Methods: The viability of different concentrations of berberine on HUVEC cells were determined by MTT.An inflammatory model of HUVEC was induced by 0.05 μg/mL LPS, then 1.25, 2.5, 5 μM berberine were used for intervention. The expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β in cell supernatants were evaluated by ELISA. The expressions of NLRP3, My D88, IL-1β, TLR4, ASC and Caspase-1 proteins associating with Classical NLRP3 signaling pathway were evaluated by Western blot. Results: The proliferation of HUVEC were restrained by different concentrations of berberine, and there existed a concentration gradient. The IC50 value of berberine on HUVEC was close to 5 μM. Compared with LPS group, different concentrations of berberine could significantly reduce the secretions of TNF-α, IL-1β and the expressions of NLRP3, My D88, IL-1β, TLR4, ASC and Caspase-1 proteins in HUVEC. The inhibition had a dose dependent manner, and 5 μM berberine showed the greatest effect. Conclusion: Berberine could reduce inflammation induced by LPS in HUVEC through suppressing Classical NLRP3 inflammasome activiation pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the effects of different transplant sites on survivaland androgen section of Leydig cell of adult rat testis. Methods: Healthy adult rats were randomly divided into control group, sham group, subcutaneous group, and kidney capsule group. Rats in control groupkept intact, the remaining rats underwent castration 1 week before testis transplantation. The dorsal skin of rats in control group and sham group were cut. but no testiswastransplanted subcutaneously: 1/3 testis was transplanted subcutaneously at each side of dorsal skin of rats in subcutaneous group, while testis of the same volume was transplanted under the kidney capsule of rats in the kidney capsule group. The grafts were obtained 4 weeks later. Then the Leydig cell were examined by using HE staining and immunohistochemistry staining. And the testosterone concentration of recipient serum was analyzed by ELISA. Results; Interstitial tissues intact were not found in grafts in subcutaneous group and kidney capsule group. Butnumerous HSD-17 β1 -positive cells were observed in samples of both groups. And the number of HSD-17βl-positive cell of control group, subcutaneous group, and kidney capsule were(3.81± 1.32). (9.83± 4.05). and(12.67± 2.81) separately. The testosterone concentration of rat serum of control group, sham group, subcutaneous group, and kidney capsule group were(3.Sl± 1.32). (0.28± 0.08). (0.44± 0.13). and (0.90± 0.31)ngmL separately. The testosterone concentration of kidney capsule group was higher than that in sham group (p<0.0J) and subcutaneous group (p<0.05). while the testosterone concentration of serum in subcutaneous group was higher than that in sham group, but the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (p>OJ)5). Conclusions: Leydig cells in testis grafts could survive under the kidney capsule or back skin of recipients. However, the microenvironment of under kidney capsule might be more suitable for Leydig cell survival and androgen secretion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effect of total glucosides of paeony (TGP) on the cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, and secretion of human steoarthritis chondrocytes (HOCs) and the underlying molecular mechanism, and to provide preliminary experimental basis for treatment of osteoarthritis by TGP. Methods HOCs were cultured by tissue cultivation in vitro and then treated with different concentrations of TGP for 12, 24 and 48 h. Cell survival of HOCs was detected by CCK-8 assay. The protein expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and Caspase-3 was examined by ELISA. The protein expression levels of Bcl-2、Bax、MMP-13、TIMP-1 and NF-κB were detected by Western blotting. Results TGP could promote cell proliferation of HOCs in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and 8 μmol/L of TGP at 24h had the greatest effect (P<0.05). TGP significantly suppressed the protein expression of Bax and Caspase-3, but promoted Bcl-2 protein expression (P<0.05). The ratio of MMP-13/TIMP-1 associated with cartilage degeneration was markedly decreased by TGP (P<0.05). In additional, TGP inhibited the expression of inflammatory factors including TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 in hHOCs induced by IL-1β (P<0.05). Moreover, TGP diminished the protein expression of NF-κB in HOCs (P<0.05). Conclusion TGP can inhibit the cell proliferation, promote cell apoptosis, decrease the ratio of MMP-13/TIMP-1 and the production of inflammation factors in hHOCs, and the potential underlying mechanism may be associated with the suppression of NF-κB expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science / Zhongguo Shouyi Xuebao is the property of Chinese Society of Veterinary Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)