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Arteriovenous fistula dysfunction (AVF) is a frequent and often unforeseeable complication in hemodialysis patients, and the most common cause is venous outflow stenosis resulting from neointimal hyperplasia and outward remodeling. Currently, there have been few effective prevention and treatment measures for AVF, therefore, this paper reviews the interventions and preventive measures of the AVF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous vertebroplasty has become the main treatment method for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures due to its advantages of convenient operation and low trauma. However, the optimal bone cement-vertebral volume ratio has not been determined. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of bone cement-vertebral volume ratio on percutaneous vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. METHODS: The clinical data of 100 patients with single-stage osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures admitted to Xinjiang Bazhou People’s Hospital from July 2019 to July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients received percutaneous vertebroplasty. According to the bone cement-vertebral volume ratio, they were divided into the low volume group (15% ≤ ratio ≤ 20%) and the high volume group (20% < ratio ≤ 25%) with 50 cases in each group. The visual analog scale score, Oswestry disability index, vertebral anterior margin height, Cobb angle of injured vertebra, bone cement distribution pattern, and bone cement leakage rate were analyzed before surgery, 3 days and 1 year after surgery. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Compared with the preoperative results, the visual analog scale scores, vertebral anterior margin height, Cobb angle of injured vertebra at 3 days and 1 year after surgery, and Oswestry disability index at 1 year after surgery were significantly improved in 100 patients (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in visual analog scale scores at 3 days and 1 year after surgery and Oswestry disability index at 1 year after surgery between the low volume group and the high volume group (P > 0.05). The vertebral anterior margin height in the low volume group was lower than that in the high volume group at 3 days and 1 year after surgery (P < 0.05). The Cobb angle of the injured vertebrae in the low volume group was higher than that in the high volume group at 3 days and 1 year after surgery (P < 0.05). (2) There were 10 H-type and 40 O-type bone cement distributions in the low volume group. There were 36 H-type and 14 O-type bone cement distributions in the high volume group, and there was no significant difference in bone cement distributions between the two groups (P < 0.05). The bone cement leakage rate in the high volume group and low volume group was 10% and 6%, respectively. (3) It is indicated that both low and high bone cement-vertebral volume ratios can improve postoperative pain and functional dysfunction, but high bone cement-vertebral volume ratio can improve the morphological recovery of injured vertebral, which may be related to the fact that the distribution of bone cement in this group is more H-type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Medical Equipment Journal is the property of Chinese Medical Equipment Journal Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As a severe microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has overtaken glomerulonephritis as a primary cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in China. Mitochondria serve as a hub of cellular energy metabolism. In kidney, mitochondrial function plays a crucial role in supplying energy for normal physiological activities. And kidney has the second highest mitochondrial content among human organs. Typically appearing early in the development of DKD, mitochondrial dysfunction often precedes clinical manifestations. Thus it is crucial to examine the role of mitochondrial injury in the pathogenesis of DKD. Focusing upon the mechanism of mitochondrial dysfunction in DKD, this review provided potential insights to explore how to delay the development of DKD and seek novel therapeutic targets.

Background Stroke is a cardiovascular disease that seriously endangers human health, which is characterized by high prevalence, disability and mortality rates. Peony bark is the dried root bark of peony in the buttercup family, which has the effect of clearing heat and cooling blood, activating blood circulation and resolving blood stasis. Paeonol (PAE) is the main active ingredient of peony bark, has been confirmed to have neuroprotective effect under hypoglycemia and hypoxia conditions. Objective To observe the effect and neurobiological mechanism of gastric administration of paeonol solution on improving behavioral dysfunction caused by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) , a kind of stroke, in a mouse model. Methods The study was conducted from December 2019 to December 2021. Twenty SPF male C57BL/6 mice were randomized into SHAM group (n=10) and model group (MCAO group, n=10) . The MCAO model was formed by intraluminal suture method. After 24 hours of modeling, the neurological function of each group was evaluated by Longa Score. Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging was used to monitor the changes of cerebral blood flow after MCAO. TTC staining was used in the pathological examination of cerebral infarction in MCAO mice. For investigating the protective effect of PAE on behavioural dysfunction of MCAO mice, 50 SPF male C57BL/6 mice were randomly grouped into SHAM group (n=10) , model+corn oil group (n=20) , and model+PAE group (n=20) . After the verification of model stability at 24 hours following the modeling, the model+PAE group received intragastric administration of PAE and corn oil solution in a concentration of 100 mg·kg-1· d-1, and the other two groups were gavaged with equal amounts of corn oil. Then on the 28th day after of modelling, survival curve was plotted to assess the survival status of mice in the three groups; the neurological recovery of mice was determined using the Longa Score; the area of cerebral infarction was examined by Nissl staining. The behavioural changes in motor sensory function were tested at five time points: the day before modeling, and 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after modelling. For exploring the mechanism of PAE improving behavioural dysfunction in MCAO mice, 30 SPF male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into SHAM group (n=6) , model+corn oil group (n=12) and model+PAE group (n=12) . After verifying the model stability at 24 hours following the modeling, the model+PAE group received intragastric administration of PAE and corn oil solution in a concentration of 100 mg·kg-1· d-1, and the other two groups were gavaged with an equal amount of corn oil. The expression of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) protein in the striatum of mouse brain was measured by Western blotting on the second day after modelling to investigate whether PAE could reduce the inflammatory response in the brain during the acute period. The expression of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (IBA1) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the penumbra was measured by immunofluorescence on the 14th day after modelling. Results The 28-day survival rate was 66.47% for the model+corn oil group, and 81.43% for model+PAE group. Log-rank test showed that the 28-day survival curve significantly differed across SHAM group, model+corn oil group, and model+PAE group (χ2=1.436, P

卒中具有高发病率、高死亡率、高致残率的特点。卒中康复可最大限度改善患者的功能障碍，预防并发症，提高ADL能力，促进患者回归家庭，融入社会。规范的康复流程和方案尤为关键。本指南将介绍卒中康复管理模式即三级康复网络的主要内容，并就具体功能障碍的评估和康复方案（运动功能障碍、感觉障碍、吞咽障碍、构音障碍、失语、认知障碍、心肺功能障碍、心理障碍）、ADL和社会参与障碍康复、职业康复、合并症（皮肤破损、挛缩、深静脉血栓形成、肠道和膀胱失禁、偏瘫性肩痛、肩手综合征、中枢性疼痛、骨质疏松）的评估和康复以及康复护理等多方面形成了推荐意见。 Abstract: Stroke is characterized by high morbidity, high mortality and high disability. Rehabilitation for stroke patients can improve dysfunctions and activities of daily living (ADL), and potentially prevent stroke-related complications. Therefore, surviving patients could return to their families and fit into the world. Standardized rehabilitation procedures and programs are particularly critical. This guideline will introduce the stroke rehabilitation management model, the tertiary stroke rehabilitation network. Recommendations were formed on the assessment and rehabilitation of specific functional disorders (motor dysfunction, sensory impairment, dysphagia, dysarthria, aphasia, cognitive disorder, cardiopulmonary dysfunction, psychological disorder), rehabilitation of ADL and social participation disorders, vocational rehabilitation, assessment and rehabilitation of complications (skin breakage, contracture, deep vein thrombosis, intestinal and bladder incontinence, hemiplegic shoulder pain, shoulder-hand syndrome, central pain, osteoporosis), and rehabilitation nursing.

Objective To establish a comprehensive, scientific, and reasonable smart home automation system for patients with ischemic stroke and functional impairment by conducting a questionnaire survey on the requirements of a smart home automation system. Methods The researchers developed a questionnaire titled "Requirements of a smart home automation system for patients with ischemic stroke and functional impairment" to assess the specific needs of patients who suffered from ischemic stroke and were unable to live independently. A total of 100 patients participated in the survey. Results The results of the questionnaire survey involving 100 individuals revealed that only 43. 00%(43/100)of the respondents were familiar with intelligent home systems, and a mere 21. 00%(21/100)had previous experience with similar smart systems. When asked about their willingness to accept a smart home automation system that could be installed and customized to provide convenience in daily life, including monitoring vital signs and medication usage, as well as aiding in rehabilitation training, 46. 00%(46/100) of the participants expressed their willingness of acceptance. Further investigation revealed that complex operation, impractical function and expensive cost were main reasons behind the reluctance of the rest 54 individuals to accept the system. The respondents expressed the highest demand for the electronic medication box monitoring system, followed by the sleep monitoring system and the vital sign monitoring system. Conclusion The findings indicated that patients with ischemic stroke and functional impairment had limited awareness and acceptance of smart home automation system. In order to ensure that the implementation of this automation system provides tangible benefits to patients, it is crucial to enhance its functionality, actively promote awareness among the target population, and establish an effective foundation for subsequent clinical trials of the intelligent home management system software. (目的 调查脑梗死伴功能障碍患者对智慧居家管理模块的需求, 为进一步建立完善、科学、合理的智慧居家管理模块提供依据。方法 采用自拟“脑梗死伴功能障碍患者对智慧居家模块的需求”调查问卷, 选取2020年4月—2023年4月医院收治的100例脑梗死伴功能障碍中生活不能完全自理的患者进行调查。结果 43(43. 00%)例患者了解智慧居家系统, 但只有21(21. 00%)例患者使用过类似的智能系统。当被问及“有一个智慧居家管理系统, 可在现有居家电器、门、窗等基础上进行安装改造, 旨在为您解决居家不便、进行生命体征及服药监测、帮助您进行康复训练等, 是否愿意接受”时, 46(46. 00%)例患者表示愿意接受, 而不愿意接受的原因包括操作复杂、实用性低、价格昂贵。患者对智慧居家管理系统功能的需求程度排前三位的分别是电子药盒监测系统、睡眠监测系统和生命体征监测系统。结论 脑梗死伴功能障碍患者对于智慧居家模块的了解程度低、接受意愿较低; 应通过加强功能完善、积极宣传普及等措施, 为智慧居家管理系统软件后期投入临床试验提供有效基础, 确保智慧居家模块的实施能够给患者带来确切益处。)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Stroke is the property of Chinese Journal of Stroke Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

目的 初步探讨矫正骶髂关节半脱位对慢性期卒中偏瘫患者步行能力及平衡功能的影响。 方法 选择2018年4月—2021年12月在包头市中心医院神经康复中心住院且符合入组标准的慢性期卒中偏瘫患者，对确定存在骶髂关节半脱位的13例患者进行手法矫正治疗。治疗前、治疗3周后进行Berg平衡量表评估、“起立-行走”计时测试、10米步行计时测试、Holden步行能力分级以及骨盆正位X线片检查，并进行比较。 结果 存在骶髂关节半脱位的慢性期卒中偏瘫患者共11例纳入研究。按冈斯德分析系统进行骨盆正位X线片画线测量，其中髂骨ASIn 7例，髂骨ASEx 2例，髂骨PIIn 1例，髂骨In 1例。手法矫正治疗3周后，Berg平衡量表评分高于治疗前[（47.00±9.22）分 vs.（37.45±11.04）分，P

Kidney transplantation is the most effective treatment for end-stage renal disease in clinical practice. Compared with patients receiving dialysis, kidney transplant recipients may achieve higher survival rate and quality of life, and better clinical outcomes. However, kidney transplant recipients constantly develop physiological and psychological disorders, such as frailty, decreased cardiopulmonary function and cognitive dysfunction, etc. In recent years, with the application of the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS), rehabilitation therapy plays a pivotal role in optimizing preoperative baseline function, mitigating perioperative physiological and psychological stress and reducing the incidence of postoperative complications. In this article, the application of ERAS in kidney transplantation was reviewed, and research progress on pre-rehabilitation before kidney transplantation and acute-stage rehabilitation after kidney transplantation was summarized, aiming to provide reference for perioperative rehabilitation of kidney transplantation, enhance the quality of life of kidney transplant recipients and accelerate the development of kidney transplantation techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Somatic syndromes of the spinal region may develop secondary to postural dysfunction. Traditionally, emphasis has been placed on correcting postural asymmetries by attempting to change muscle-tendon unit length. The effectiveness of this approach in providing prolonged muscle-tendon unit length changes and optimal postural outcomes has met with controversy. The time has come for a redirection of goals in conservative care for postural dysfunction of the spinal regions. An emphasis needs to be placed on continuous, self-awareness training of postural correction that will facilitate lasting neuromuscular adaptations. The purpose of this review is to rationalize the need to veer from exercises attempting to adjust the muscle-tendon unit length and recognize the evidence-supported impact of simple self-correction strategies meant to facilitate neuromuscular adjustments and correct postural asymmetries.

Objective: To compare the mid-term effectiveness of arthroscopic shoulder capsular release combined with acromiohumeral distance (AHD) restoration in the treatment of diabetic secondary stiff shoulder and primary frozen shoulder., Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of 22 patients with diabetic secondary stiff shoulder (group A) and 33 patients with primary frozen shoulder (group B), who underwent arthroscopic 270° capsular release combined with AHD restoration treatment. There was no significant difference between the two groups in gender, age, affected side, disease duration, and preoperative AHD, shoulder flexion range of motion, abduction range of motion, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, and Constant score ( P >0.05). Only the difference in the internal rotation cone rank and external rotation range of motion between the two groups showed significant differences ( P <0.05). The improvement in shoulder pain and function was evaluated by using VAS score, ASES score, and Constant score before operation and at last follow-up. Active flexion, abduction, external rotation range of motion, and internal rotation cone rank were recorded and compared. AHD was measured on X-ray films., Results: All patients were followed up 24-92 months (median, 57 months). There was no significant difference in follow-up time between group A and group B ( P >0.05). No fractures or glenoid labrum tears occurred during operation, all incisions healed by first intention, and no complication such as wound infection or nerve injury was observed during the follow-up. At last follow-up, there were significant improvements in active flexion, abduction, external rotation range of motion, internal rotation cone rank, AHD, VAS score, ASES score, and Constant score when compared with preoperative ones in both groups ( P <0.05). Except for the difference in change in external rotation range of motion, which had significant difference between the two groups ( P <0.05), there was no significant difference in other indicators between the two groups ( P >0.05)., Conclusion: Arthroscopic capsular release combined with AHD restoration can achieve good mid-term effectiveness in the treatment of diabetic secondary stiff shoulder and primary frozen shoulder. However, the improvement in external rotation range of motion is more significant in the patients with diabetic secondary stiff shoulder.

Objective To screen and evaluate the risk factors for knee instability after total knee arthroplasty on. Methods Clinical data of 136 patients who was diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis and underwent unilateral total knee arthroplasty in our department during January 2015 and December 2018 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. They were divided into knee stability and instability groups according to their conditions before and in 1 year after surgery. Knee pain and dysfunction grades of Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), stair-climbing power, 25-meter straight-line walk time, and knee range of motion were recorded and statistically analyzed. Results Among the 136 cases, 77.9% had preoperative knee instability, and 20.6% of them retained instability in 1 year after surgery. The subjects with retaining knee instability after surgery had significantly serious WOMAC pain and activity limitations compared to the patients without instability (7.1±3.4 vs 3.0±2.5, 18.9±11.2 vs 8.4±8.6, P < 0.01). Multivariate prediction model analysis predicted that comorbidity score (>6 points) (P < 0.01), low stair climbing power (< 150 W) (P < 0.01), moderate-severe pain (>7 points) (P < 0.01) and older age (>60 years) (P < 0.01) were independent risk factors for persistent knee instability after surgery. Conclusion Knee instability has a high incidence before and after total knee arthroplasty and is associated with the potential risk factors of knee pain, activity limitation and stair climbing power.

BACKGROUND: Knee joint stiffness is a common post-traumatic dysfunction, which is an urgent problem to be solved. To establish an ideal animal model of knee joint stiffness is the basis for studying the pathological mechanism of knee joint stiffness and is also important for exploring the treatment of knee joint stiffness. OBJECTIVE: To review the methods of establishing animal models of knee joint stiffness and to summarize the selection of animals, different fixation methods, fixation time and successful cycle, thereby providing experimental basis for its related research. METHODS: The literatures published from 2000 to 2020 were searched in the databases of CNKI, VIP, WanFang, PubMed, and Embase with the keywords of “knee stiffness, knee contracture, animal model” in Chinese and “knee stiffness, stiff knee, stiff knee, animal model” in English. Finally 49 references were included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At present, researchers mainly use surgical methods and non-surgical methods for modeling, that is, surgical methods: through surgery with or without knee articular surface injury, internal fixation is used to cause postoperative traumatic joint stiffness; non-surgical methods: simple external fixation or violent injury external fixation is used to obtain the animal model of knee joint stiffness. In clinical practice, knee joint stiffness caused by immobilization after lower limb fracture is very common. For knee joint stiffness caused by lower limb fracture that does not affect the knee joint surface, the surgical fixation of extra-articular injury can be selected for modeling. For knee joint stiffness caused by knee joint articular surface injury, intra-articular injury fixation can be selected for modeling. The method of surgical fixation has the advantages of short modeling time, high efficiency, and good stability, but there are high requirements for aseptic conditions. To date, it has been widely used in the structural changes and efficacy observation of knee joint stiffness, and orthopedic brace intervention. The model of simple external fixation such as plaster and splint is easy to operate, avoids surgical trauma, and has relative advantages in simulating the disease development of knee joint stiffness. This model can be used to observe the pathological changes of joint stiffness at different stages, and the disadvantages are that the fixation is easy to loosen, slip, or nibble during the process of animal activities, the modeling time is too long, and the fixation is easy to fail. Fixation after violent injury can simulate knee joint stiffness caused by immobilization after periarticular soft tissue injury and is suitable for the study on the efficacy and screening of conservative treatment. In summary, the most ideal way to model knee joint stiffness is knee hyperextension+intra-articular surgical trauma+fixation. Through knee hyperextension to damage the posterior capsule of the knee joint and fenestration in the femoral condyle to simulate intra-articular fractures, this modeling method using Kirschner wire internal fixation has a short modeling time, high success rate, and good stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the expression of CYS/H2S gene in corpus cavernosum of patients with erectile dysfunction and its pathogenic mechanism. Methods Corpus cavernosum tissue samples were derived from 24 patients without erectile dysfunction who underwent penile enlargement surgery in our hospital from 2016 to 2021 (the control group) and 24 patients who received penile prosthesis implantation during the same period (the study group). The levels of CYS, H2S and CYS /H2S pathway mediated relaxation response were compared between the two groups. Cyclic guanosinc monophosphate (cGMP) production capacity, rabbit Bcl-2 related X protein (BCL2-Associated X, BAX), B lymphoma-2 Gene (B-cell lymphoma-2, Bcl-2), Caspase-3 protein (Caspase-3) protein relative expression changes were observed, and H2S synthase Cystathionine-γ-lyase (Cystathionine-γ-lyase, CSE), Cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) Cystathionine-β-synthetase (CBS) expressions were comparatively analyzed. Results Compared with those in the control group, the levels of CYS and H2S in corpus cavernosum tissues in the study group were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the pEC50 of NaHS and pEC50 and Emax of CYS were also reduced remarkably (P<0.05), but no obvious changes in Emax of NaHS (P>0.05). ED was significantly correlated with CYS and NaHS-induced the reduction of HCC relaxation response. Compared with that of the control group, the expression of CYS and NaHs-induced cGMP in HCC of the study group was significantly decreased (P< 0.05), simultaneously, the relative expressions of Bax and Caspase-3 were significantly upregulated, the relative expression of Bcl-2 was significantly downregulated (P<0.05). Immunofluorescence results showed that the expressions of CSE and CBS in the HCC of the study group were all decreased. Conclusion The cavernous tissues and penile arteries of ED patients present damaged CYS/H2S-mediated relaxation and cGMP accumulation, which is related to the decreased expression of H2S synthase, CBS and CSE in these tissues. These may result in the erectile dysfunction of patients by affecting the relaxation of normal cavernous body and the apoptosis of cavernous cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Neuromuscular electrical stimulation therapy has been widely used in the field of rehabilitation. OBJECTIVE: To understand the hot spots and trends of neuromuscular electrical stimulation therapy research worldwide, analyze the research development framework, and provide references for further research and applications in this field. METHODS: Literature from January 1, 2010 to October 7, 2020 was retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Web of Science core aggregation databases. Among them, Chinese literatures were searched in the CNKI with “neuromuscular electrical stimulation” or “neuromuscular electrical stimulation therapy,” and English literatures were searched in the Web of Science with “neuromuscular electrical stimulation or NMES.” The CiteSpace V software was used to visualize the publication volume, country, author, institution, cited literature and keywords, and to draw the corresponding figures. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 2 453 relevant literatures were finally included, 618 from the CNKI and 1 835 from the Web of Science. The author with the most publications in China is Lan Xiaoman from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Science and Technology (Guangxi, China). The institution with the most publications is the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. In China, the high-cited keywords, such as stroke and hemiplegia, are connected with each other more closely. The foreign author with the most publications is GUILLAUMEY MILLET, University of Calgary, Canada, and Case Western Reserve University has the highest volume of publications. The high-cited keywords are stroke, skeletal muscle, and exercise. In recent years, the overall research of neuromuscular electrical stimulation has been stably popularized, and international research hotspots mainly focus on post-stroke dysfunction. In China, the research of neuromuscular electrical stimulation focuses on pelvic floor dysfunction as well as combined acupuncture for swallowing disorders after stroke, whereas the international research trends mainly emphasize on the intrinsic mechanism exploration of neuromuscular electrical stimulation for neuromuscular function and the clinical application combined with magnetic stimulation therapy. However, further explorations are required on the mechanism of neuromuscular electrical stimulation targeting swallowing function, pelvic floor dysfunction and the clinical application of neuromuscular electrical stimulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) technology has been widely used in neuropsychology, rehabilitation medicine, and pediatrics, due to its advantages of painlessness, non-invasiveness, effectiveness and safety. However, there is yet no visual analysis of literature on TMS for treating stroke. OBJECTIVE: To objectively analyze global research on TMS in the treatment of stroke in recent 10 years, and summarize the recent research direction of this field and sort out the knowledge structure worldwide. METHODS: Based on the relevant literature on TMS for stroke in databases of CNKI and Web of Science, Citespace software was used to visualize the use of TMS in the treatment of stroke. The number, countries, authors, research institutions, keywords, cited references and journals of relevant literatures and funding grants were analyzed to explore the research hotspot and development trend in this field. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 1 729 articles were included in the Web of Science database. Among them, the institution with the most publications was Harvard Medical School, and the country with the most publications was the United States, followed by China. China ranks first in international fund support. The hot keywords included rehabilitation, excitability, motor cortex and etc. As described in a representative English article, TMS therapy at a frequency of 1 Hz was found to improve patients’ motor function to a greater extent. A total of 455 literatures were included in CNKI database. Among them, the institution with the most publications was the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Huashan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, and the hot keywords were rehabilitation, depression, motor function, aphasia and so on. As described in a representative Chinese article, high-frequency TMS was found to be more effective than low-frequency TMS in improving post-stroke depression and daily living ability. Further analysis of the results shows that, in recent 10 years, the international research frontier and future development trend mainly focus on the mechanism of TMS on cerebral cortical motor areas and the efficacy of TMS combined with other rehabilitation therapies (motor learning and mirror therapy) in the treatment of various functional disorders after stroke. In China, the research frontier and future trend mainly focus on TMS in the treatment of post-stroke depression and motor function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: The difficulty of orthopedic surgery for spinal deformity lies in how to determine the position of the vertebral pedicle of the deformed vertebral body. It is difficult to achieve accurate positioning using traditional CT, X-ray examination and other methods, which affects the surgical effect. Recent research shows that computer technology and three-dimensional (3D) printing templates have advantages in improving positioning and nail placement. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of computer design combined with 3D printing template on spinal orthopedics on surgical accuracy and correction effect. METHODS: A prospective single-blind randomized controlled study was performed in 73 patients with spinal deformities undergoing orthopedic surgery in the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College from February 2016 to February 2019. According to the random number table, they were divided into two groups. In the trial group (n=36), computer design combined with 3D printing template was used in orthopedic surgery. In the control group (n=37), conventional orthopedic surgery was applied. The operation situation, the correction rate of Cobb angle, the success rate of nail placement, and the incidence of complications were compared in the two groups. Follow-up was performed for 12 months after operation. Oswestry disability index was compared between the two groups before and 12 months after operation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The operation time of the trial group was shorter than that of the control group. The number of intraoperative X-ray fluoroscopy and intraoperative blood loss were less in the trial group than those in the control group (P < 0.05). (2) The correction rate of Cobb angle was significantly higher in the trial group (89%) than that in the control group (70%) (P < 0.05). The success rate of nail placement was significantly higher in the trial group (100%) than that in the control group (81%) (P < 0.05). (3) There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups (P > 0.05). (4) The scores of social activities, sleep quality, daily activities, and pain in each dimension of the Oswestry disability index of the two groups 12 months after operation were lower than those before surgery, and those scores in the trial group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). (5) These results suggest that computer design combined with 3D printing templates for spinal orthopedic surgery can shorten the operation time, reduce surgical trauma, reduce the number of intraoperative X-ray fluoroscopy, improve surgical accuracy and correction effect, and reduce the degree of postoperative dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the clinical value of heart rate variability ( HRV) and echocardiography in making diagnosis and prognostic evaluation among heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction. Methods A total of 144 patients with normal left ventricular ejection fraction( LVEF) underwent 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiography and routine echocardiography examinations. Patients were divided into two groups according to echocardiography results: left ventricular diaslotic dysfunction (LVDD) group ( LVDD group, 76 cases and normal left ventricular diaslotic function (LVDF) group (normal LVDF group, 68 cases). According to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the diagnostic significance of HRV on LVDD was analyzed, and the primary endpoint events were followed up. Results Among HRV indexes, the area under curve of 24-hour standard deviation of NN intervals (SDNN) in the prediction of LVDD is the largest (AUC = 0. 82 7, P < 0. 01 ) ; the cut-off value is 92 ms. According to the cut-off value, the patients in LVDD group are further divided into two groups: low SDNN group (cut-off value < 92 ms, 40 cases) and high-SDNN group (cut-off value ≥ 92 ms, 36 cases) . The survival curve reveals that in the low-SDNN group the incidence of adverse cardiac events and total mortality are significantly higher than those in the high-SDNN group ( P < 0. 05). Conclusion SDNN can be served as a sensitive indicator for making clinical diagnosis and prognostic evaluation among the patients with LVDD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In clinical practice, the masticatory muscles problems are often encountered occlusion. Masticatory muscles, as a component of the masticatory system, play an important role in occlusion. Both of them interact with each other through neural system. However, there is not enough knowledge about it. This article introduces the function, functional disorder and functional diagnosis of masticatory muscles, and makes a brief analysis of the relation between occlusion and masticatory muscles.

Copyright of Nursing of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Deeply infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) is the most serious type of endometriosis (EMs). It related with intestinal dysfunction, such as cyclical defecation pain and hematochezia, intestinal cramping, diarrhea, bloating, even intestinal stenosis, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Yet these symptoms are often omitted in current clinical practice. Surgery is still the first choice for symptomatic patients. However, the improvement of intestinal symptoms after surgery and postoperative intestinal dysfunction are not clear. There are many factors affecting the recovery of intestinal function. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate intestinal function in detail by various methods and formulate treatment regimen by multidisciplinary cooperation, then further explore possible ways to improve intestinal function. Ultimately, we hope to improve the symptoms and promote the comprehensive recovery of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Female pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) is a series of disease of pelvic organ prolapse secondary to pelvic floor support structure dysfunction with a variety causes. With China's aging society, the prevalence of PFD is increasing. It not only affects the quality of life in elderly women, but also cause the mental and psychological disorders. For the patients with moderate or severe PFD, surgical treatment is the first choice at present. PFD surgery has a long history and various operations. With the development of new medical materials and technologies and updated surgical concepts, many surgical methods have been continuously improved. From vaginal surgery to laparoscopic surgery, from autologous tissue repair to the reconstruction of the entire pelvic floor with synthetic mesh, the success rate of surgery has significantly increased. However, new complications are occurrence along with new techniques and new materials. Though diversity of surgery provides more selections for patients, each surgical method has advantages and disadvantages as well as individualized differences, comprehensive consideration should be made according to age, symptoms, signs, medical history, living habits, sexual life demands and general conditions. Optimal surgical regimen and adequate communication should be made to achieve the best treatment effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nursing of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Practical Pharmacy & Clinical Remedies is the property of Editorial Department of Practical Pharmacy & Clinical Remedies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Endothelial dysfunction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of multiple infectious diseases, such as sepsis,severe malaria and dengue hemorrhagic fever. Because endothelial activation usually precedes overt endothelial dysfunction, the corresponding endothelial biomarkers in serum or plasma can be detected earlier than those of the routine disease markers, and therefore,can be considered as parameters evaluating disease severity or prognosis of infectious diseases. In this review, the expression and clinical significance of endothelial cell functional mediators(angiopoietin-1 and angiopoietin-2) and soluble cell surface adhesion molecules(soluble E-selectin, sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1) is discussed in sepsis, malaria and dengue hemorrhagic fever. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rehabilitation assessment is the basis and important part of rehabilitation diagnosis and treatment. At present, clinical evaluation is usually carried out by observation method and scale method. At the same time, researchers monitor patients' physical condition data through sensor system and other equipment as a supplement. The purpose of this study is to review the application and development of objective rehabilitation assessment technology in clinical practice, and to discuss its limitations and strategies to provide reference for related research.

Wernekink commissure syndrome is a rare midbrain syndrome with bilateral cerebellar dysfunction,eye movement disorder,and palatal myoclonus.Few cases of this syndrome have been reported in China,let alone those combined with hallucinations and involuntary groping.This paper reports the diagnosis and treatment of a case of Wernekink commissure syndrome with hallucinations and involuntary groping,aiming to enrich the knowledge about this disease for clinicians.

Under the disease state, the immune system may have an imbalance of immune function. Patients with Common malignant tumor, children with recurrent respiratory infections, and asthma patients usually have varying degrees of immune dysfunction, and immune function directly affects outcomes of treatment and prognosis of disease. Therefore, for the above patients, combined application of immunomodulators on the basis of the treatment of primary diseases can help to adjust the imbalanced immune function and improve the prognosis of patients. Spleen aminopeptide oral freeze-dried powder is made of polypeptides and nucleotides extracted from the spleen of healthy animals, which can enhance the cellular immune function of the body, promote the transformation of T cells into functional typing, and stimulate the release of a variety of immune molecules. Therefore, the rational application of splenic aminopeptide oral freeze-dried powder in patients with immune dysfunction is helpful to shorten the course of disease and improve the quality of life. This article reviews the mechanism and clinical application of oral administration of splenic aminopeptide to improve the prognosis of patients with immune dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Depression is a common mood disorder, but the pathogenesis is still unclear completely. Astrocytes play an important role in providing nutritional support to the formation of synapses, neuronal metabolism and neurotransmission. Therefore, astrocytes degeneration could be responsible for the reducing of the levels of synaptic protein, neuronal size and the abnormalities of neurotransmission. Postmortem studies of brains of the depressed patients showed a decrease in the density of astrocytes in prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdale and anterior cingulated, suggesting that astrocytes are probably related to the onset of depression. There is mounting evidence indicates that the dysfunction of astrocyte in supporting of energy and neurotrophy, the transportation and metabolism of glutamate, the regualation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activity and the inflammation is a key element in the pathogenesis of depression. We will review the effects of astrocyte dysfunction during the onset of depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE:To probe into the effects of lidocaine combined with epidural anesthesia on early postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients after surgery .METHODS:100 elderly patients with femoral surgery admitted into Hanchuan People's Hospital from Mar.2013 to Feb.2015 were selected to be divided into general anesthesia group and epidural group via the random number table , with 50 cases in each .The general anesthesia group were treated with general anesthesia , while the epidural group received unilateral epidural anesthesia .Before and after surgery, the cognitive status of patients were determined and compared .RESULTS:Before surgery of 3 h, there was no statistically significant difference between two groups in MMSE score (P>0.05).After surgery of 2 d, the MMSE score of epidural group was significantly higher than that of general anesthesia group , with statistically significant difference ( P <0.05 ); yet there was no statistical significance of MMSE score in epidural group before and after surgery(P>0.05);after surgery of 2 d, the MMSE score in general anesthesia group was significantly lower than that of before surgery of 3 h, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) .The incidence of cognitive dysfunction of epidural group was 22%(11/50), significantly lower than that of general anesthesia group [42%(21/50)], the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05 ) .CONCLUSIONS: The effects of epidural anesthesia are better than those of general anesthesia for elderly patients after surgery , with low incidence of cognitive dysfunction after surgery . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mass media is the primary channel for presents to get the policy information after the revenue reform. The senior government's policy information delivers directly to present by policy coverage, typical coverage, critical coverage and other news programs instead of by the notice of cadre at the basic level. The model of information transmission, on one hand makes everyone encode his particular understanding for one policy owing his own interest, on the other hand increases the dissatisfaction of the present to their government officials in dealing with the village. This condition decreases the authority of basic government, meanwhile, reinforces the difficulty of supplying the public facilities by themselves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To expore the correlation between neck disability, neck pain and muscle strength in cervical pondylosis of office worker, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of cervical spondylosis. Methods: In April 2021 ,234 patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy treated in the Subsidiary Rehabilitation Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from April 2015 to April 2017 were selected, the correlation between Neck Disability Index (NDI) score, neck pain and muscle strength was analyzed using the Spearman rank correlation method. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the difference of maximum muscle strength of isometric contraction. Results: NDI score was negatively correlated with neck flexion, extension, and muscle strength in the left and right flexion directions ( r(s) =-0.164, -0.169, -0.222, -0.176, P =0.012, 0.010, 0.001 , 0.007). In mild and moderate functional disorder patients, the muscle strength in flexion, extension and left and right flexion direction was greater, the difference was statistically significant ( P <0.01). Conclusion: There is a negative correlation between cervical functional disorder and cervical muscle strength in office workers, suggesting that strengthening cervical muscle strength may be a way to improve cervical spine function.

Objective: To compare the postoperative function, the short-term and long-term outcomes between fascia-oriented and vascular-oriented lateral lymph node dissection (LLND) in patients with rectal cancer. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed. Clinical data of patients who received total mesorectal excision (TME) with LLND at National Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Science from January 2014 to December 2019 were retrospectively collected. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) rectal cancer was pathologically diagnosed, and the lower margin was below the peritoneal reflection. (2) resectable advanced rectal cancer with suspected lateral lymph node metastasis was evaluated based on rectal MRI assessment. (3) preoperative MRI showed lateral lymph node short diameter ≥5 mm and/or lymph node morphology (spike, blur, irregular) as well as heterogenous signal intensity. Lymph node shrinkage was less than 60% after receiving neoadjuvant therapy based on the reassessment of rectal MRI. (4) TME+LLND surgery was performed synchronously. Exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) previous history of pelvic surgery; (2) preoperative cystitis, urethritis, moderate and severe prostatic hyperplasia and other diseases resulting in abnormal urination function; (3) preoperative sexual dysfunction or loss of function; (4) patients receiving LLND due to lateral recurrence after TME; (5) distant metastasis of the tumor at initial diagnosis; (6) Incomplete collection of clinical data. A total of 73 consecutive patients were enrolled in this study. Based on the surgical approaches in performing LLND, patients were divided into fascia-oriented group ( n =30) and vascular-oriented group ( n =43). There were no significant differences in baseline data between the two groups (all P >0.05). The main outcome indicators of this study were the incidence of postoperative urinary and male sexual dysfunction, the efficacy, the number of lateral lymph nodes harvested and the detection rate of positive lymph nodes. Overall survival (OS) rates and progression free survival (PFS) rates were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by log-rank test. Results: All patients in both groups completed surgery successfully. There were no significant differences in operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative complications, and the length of hospital stay between the two groups (all P >0.05). In the whole group, the incidence of postoperative urinary dysfunction and male sexual dysfunction was 43.8% (32/73) and 62.5% (25/40), respectively. The median number of lateral lymph nodes harvested was 8.0(4.0,11.0) with a positive rate of 20.5%(15/73). Compared to the vascular-oriented group, the fascia-oriented group demonstrated a decreased rate of urinary dysfunction [26.7% (8/30) vs. 55.8% (24/43), χ(2)=6.098, P =0.014], lower rate of sexual dysfunction in males [6/15 vs. 76% (19/25), χ(2)=5.184, P =0.023], more harvested lateral lymph nodes [ M ( P 25, P 75): 9.5 (6.8, 15.3) vs. 6.0 (3.0, 9.0), Z =-2.849, P =0.004]. There was no significant difference in the positvie rate of lateral lymph nodes between the two groups [20% (6/30) versus 20.9% (9/43), χ(2)=0.009, P =0.923]. Three(4.1%) patients were lost during a median follow-up of 34 (1-66) months. The 3-year PFS and OS of the whole cohort were 69.5% and 88.3%, respectively. No significant difference in 3-year PFS rates (79.6% vs. 62.0%, P =0.172) and 3-year OS rates (91.2% vs. 85.9%, P =0.333) were observed between the fascia-oriented group and the vascular-oriented group (both P >0.05). Conclusion: Fascia-oriented LLND is associated with lower risk of postoperative urinary and male sexual dysfunction in patients with rectal carcinoma, and harvest of more lymph nodes, but no significant advantage in long-term survival.

Objective: To evaluate the mid-term effectiveness of arthrolysis and hinged external fixation for the treatment of stiff elbow caused by heterotrophic ossification., Methods: Between January 2014 and December 2017, 11 patients with stiff elbow caused by heterotrophic ossification were admitted. There were 9 males and 2 females with an average age of 32 years (range, 14-48 years), and left side in 6 cases and right side in 5 cases. The cause of stiff elbow included humerus fracture in 5 cases, ulna fracture in 2 cases, fracture of capitulum radii in 1 case, dislocation of capitulum radii in 1 case, terrible triad of the elbow in 1 case, and soft tissue injury in 1 case. The disease duration ranged from 7 to 18 months (mean, 11 months). Preoperative active range of motion of elbow was (19.6±17.5)° and Mayo score was 34.1±9.7. All patients received the treatment of arthrolysis and debridement of heterotrophic ossification lesion combining hinged external fixator, and active and passive rehabilitation with the help of hinged external fixator. The hinged external fixators were removed after 2 months., Results: All patients were followed up 13-36 months (mean, 19.1 months). All incisions healed by first intention, and no complication of infection or nerve lesion occurred postoperatively. At last follow-up, the results of X-ray films showed that no heterotrophic ossification recurred. The active range of motion of elbow was (116.4±16.6)° and Mayo score was 93.2±7.8, showing significant differences when compared with preoperative ones ( t =17.508, P =0.000; t =16.618, P =0.000)., Conclusion: The application of arthrolysis and debridement of heterotrophic ossification lesion combining hinged external fixator can improve the elbow's range of motion significantly and obtain a good mid-term effectiveness.

Objective: A series of pathophysiological changes occur in a body with burn, among which the pathophysiological changes in organs are rather insidious but have far-reaching effects. At present, in clinical practice, we mainly adopt symptomatic or alternative treatment to deal with organ dysfunction, lacking systematic intervention measures based on clear and perfect theoretical data. Theme of the key article of this issue is the injury and protection of organs in the early stage after burns. The collected articles show the current status and frontiers of the research on this topic in China, including the retrospective analysis of clinical data, exploration of cell-level injury mechanism, and experimental treatment scheme in animal models. However, until now, few instructive or inspiring articles have been published. I appeal more colleagues could focus on this, explore more, research more, and share more.

Objective: To compare the effects on joint dysfunction after meniscal suture surgery between rehabilitation training combined with modified shu -acupuncture and simple rehabilitation training., Methods: Seventy-one patients with meniscal suture surgery were randomized into an observation group ( n =36) and a control group ( n =35). Patients in the observation group received modified shu -acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training. Acupuncture for 8 weeks were at Zutonggu (BL 65), Shugu (BL 66), Neiting (ST 44), Xiangu (ST 43), Xiaxi (GB 43), Zulinqi (GB 41), Dadu (SP 2), Taibai (SP 3), Xingjian (LR 2), and Taichong (LR 3), once a day for continuous 6 days with 1 day for rest. Patients in the control group received simple rehabilitation training for continuous 8 weeks. The training included quadriceps femoris, range of knee joint motion and motion and limb walking on the affected side. The effect score for meniscus injury after treatment from Japanese Orthopaedics Association (JOA) and visual analogue scale (VAS) score were recorded before and after treatment. The effects were compared in the two groups., Results: After treatment, the VAS and JOA scores were improved in the two groups (all P <0.05), with better results in the observation group (both P <0.05). The effective rate was 91.7% (33/36) in the observation group, which was better than 80.0% (28/35) in the control group ( P <0.05)., Conclusion: Rehabilitation training combined with shu -acupuncture achieve better effect than simple rehabilitation training for joint dysfunction after meniscal suture surgery.

This paper reports the diagnosis and treatment of one rare case of thyroid dysfunction caused by Strongyloides stercoralis infection.

Summary Eustachian tube is the bone-muscular pipeline of connecting nasopharynx with the middle ear,which plays the role of middle ear pressure regulation,the clearance of foreign bodies and protection.However,Eustachian tube dysfunction is closely related with occurence,development and prognosis of middle ear disease.Since the Eustachian tube is deep in hiding,narrow complex anatomical structures and lack of understanding to its physiological function and so on.For centuries,scientists have tried to use various methods to solve the problem of Eustachian tube dysfunction,but the results were often less than expected.Recently,with the wide application of high resolution CT,endoscopy and other technology,the knowledge of anatomy and physical function on Eustachian tube are becoming increasingly comprehensive.Additionally,some new techniques to treat dysfunction, mainly including laser eustachian tuboplasty and balloon dilation Eustachian tuboplasty,are also rapidly appeared.Now,these are summarized below., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Editorial Department of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery.)