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Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Harbin University of Science & Technology is the property of Journal of Harbin University of Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In recent years, some scholarly journals have indicated that they accept rewritten or extended version of a conference paper as long as new content are added to the journal article manuscript and that the original conference paper is included in the references. The extended publishing of conference papers now becomes topic worthy of investigation. This study analyzed the extended works of the conference papers from three major conferences in the fields of information management, i.e., Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)’s ACM Conference on Electronic Commerce (ACM EC), ACM Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (ACM KDD), and ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (ACM CIKM). Papers from the 2011 meetings were used as the sample to understand to what extent conference papers have been extended into journal articles and other forms and the lag between conference and journal publishing. It also examined the differences between the conference papers and their extended versions (i.e., journal papers) by comparing the changes in authorship, references, article length, tables, and figures. It reveals the current practices of extending conference papers for journal publishing in the information management fields and may help us understand the contemporary scholarly publishing behavior. (Article content in Chinese with English extended abstract)

Copyright of Writing / Xiezuo is the property of Writing Magazine Agency, Wuhan University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Forest Products Industry is the property of China Forest Products Industry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: To compare the effects of three occlusal adjustment methods in different sequences by articulating paper on the delayed occlusal characteristics of single molars., Methods: Thirty-two implants of first molars were divided into group A(n=12), group B (n=12) and group C (n=12) by sequential adjustment according to random number means, and (100+40), (100+50+30) and (100+40+20) μm sequence occlusal papers were used for occlusal adjustment, respectively. TeeTester was used to measure the delay time and force ratio between prosthesis and adjacent teeth at restoration day, 3 and 6 months after restoration, and to record the number of cases readjusting in each group during follow-up. SPSS 25.0 software package was used for data analysis., Results: There were significant differences in delay time between groups at restoration day (P＜0.05), and 3 and 6 months after restoration, delay time of group C was still smaller than that of group A and B (P＜0.05). During follow-up, the time of each group showed a trend of shortening (P＜0.05), but there was still delayed occlusion. Compared with group B and C, the force ratio in group A was lower at each time(P＜0.05). The ratio of each group showed an increasing trend during follow-up (P＜0.05), and group C showed the largest increase (P＜0.001). The number of cases readjusting was relatively small in group A, and the most was in group C(P＜0.05). There was positive correlation between delay time and force difference of prosthesis and adjacent teeth(P＜0.001)., Conclusions: The (100+40) μm sequence group had higher occlusal stability and better clinical applicability. The smaller the occlusal contact space realized by the sequential method, the greater the change might be, which requires close follow-up in clinical practice.

Studying the effect of different concentrations of exogenous plant growth regulators on the growth and nutritional components of paper mulberry is of great significance for high-yield cultivation and popularization of paper mulberry. Hybrid paper mulberry seedlings were used as test materials, and three concentrations (150, 250, 350 mg/L) of plant growth regulators (GA3, DA-6, PP333 and 6-BA) were used to spray the whole plant, and then the growth indexes and nutrients were measured. The results showed that DA-6 and PP333 could promote the growth of paper mulberry and the accumulation of DM with a plant height of 73.13 cm, a stem diameter of 13.48 mm, the number of main stem nodes and branches were 32.00 and 11.67, and the DM was 97.69 g. GA3 significantly increased the plant height and average internode length of paper mulberry seedlings (P<0.05), and decreased stem diameter. 6-BA showed a slight inhibition on the growth of paper mulberry and the accumulation of DM. From the perspective of the effect on quality, the proportion of CP whole plant of paper mulberry treated with GA3 showed different degrees of increase, and this promoting effect decreased with the increase of application concentration. DA-6 and PP333 increased the proportion of NDF, ADF, ADL in the whole plant and TP of paper mulberry in different degrees. Among them, the paper mulberry treated with 250 mg/L PP333 had the highest TP, which was 16.27 g. All nutrients of paper mulberry treated with 6-BA were less than CK. The experiment indicates that the four plant growth regulators in the study had the following order: PP333 >DA-6 >GA3 > 6-BA. it is considered that spraying PP333 at 250 mg/L after 20 d of planting paper mulberry is conducive to cultivating strong paper mulberry and promoting the accumulation of DM and TP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aiming at the problem of poor image contrast and loss of visual information on electrowetting electronic paper display， this paper proposes an image hierarchical mapping technique based on human visual system. Firstly, the image is decomposed into the base layer and the detail layer, and the brightness of the base layer is enhanced. Then, the enhanced image is partitioned by Weber-Fechner law to realize the partition logarithmic mapping, and weighted and merged with the detail layer as the output image. At the same time, in order to achieve precise modulation of the electrowetting display, the brightness is local linearly stretched. The experimental results show that compared with traditional mapping methods, the entropy value of the algorithm in this paper is closer to the original map, the PSNR,SSIM and UIQI values of image evaluation index are respectively improved by 0.2~0.6，0.07~0.4 and 0.1~0.6. The method makes the relationship between the corrected voltage and brightness more linear, increases the image details on the electrowetting electronic paper, improves the contrast, and the overall visual effect is better.

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology. Social Sciences Edition / Haerbin Gongye Daxue Xuebao. Shehui Kexue Ban is the property of Harbin Institute of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Since the establishment of the African Union, it has led and promoted the integration process of science and technology effectively in Africa in many aspects. However, there are no quantitative measurements of the results of scientific and technological cooperation. With the assistance of social network analysis, geospatial analysis, and negative binomial regression analysis, the topological and spatial structures of African scientific research paper cooperation net‐ works are carved based on a sample of 54 African countries' scientific research papers included in the WoS core collection from 2002 to 2019, while the influence of proximity on the structure of cooperation networks is explored. (1) Topologically, the research cooperation thesis output varies widely among African countries. The cooperation is closer among countries, and the cooperation network has higher cohesiveness and better network accessibility, showing typical small-world characteristics. (2) In terms of spatial structure, the spatial differences of the three main centrality indicators are obvious, the spatial morphological characteristics are distinctive, while the strength centrality has a large spatial variation and shows the spatial pattern of "one and only", whereas, and nodal betweenness centrality is distributed in a continuous block, the spatial distribution of nodal degree centrality is relatively uniform. (3)The negative binomial regression reveals that the research potential difference constitutes the driving force of the African scientific collaboration network, and the economic potential, and educational potential differences create barriers to research cooperation between countries. Cultural proximity and social proximity can significantly increase the probability of scientific research cooperation among African countries, while language proximity and geographical proximity are insignificant factors for African coun‐ tries in seeking paper co-authors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The period from 2018 to now is a transitional period for the two editions of curriculum standards. In order to understand the consistency between the college entrance examination mathematics papers and the Ordinary High School Mathematics Curriculum Standard(2017 Edition) during the transition period, the paper uses the Webb consistency analysis model to analyse the national college entrance examination mathematics volume II(b) and the Ordinary High School Mathematics Curriculum Standard(2017 Edition) from 2018 to 2021. The results show that the four themes failed to reach the dimension of knowledge breadth in the fourth year, the themes of preparatory knowledge and probability and statistics were less consistent on the dimension of knowledge categories, and the themes of functions, geometry and algebra were less consistent on the dimension of knowledge depth. Thus, it can be sean that the 4-year test paper has problems such as uneven examination topics, the lack of extensive examination content, and the difference between the depth of the examination and the requirements of the course. Based on this, the paper has introduced the following suggestions: standardizing the mathematical questions of the college entrance examination based on scientific assessment theory; anchoring the mathematics curriculum standards to truly achieve consistency in teaching and testing; and exploring new ways of mathematical modeling assessment with the college entrance examination as the guide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To discuss the feasibility of directly processing paper-based ECG by using deep learning method, and to propose a method for identifying atrial fibrillation ( AF) from paper-based ECG rapidly and accurately. Methods The 12-lead ECG signals of 1 040 AF and 1 344 non-AF patients were selected from CPSC 2018 Challenge data, and were plotted as ECGs. These ECGs were printed out on papers, and rescanned into images. The paper-based ECGs with white background were obtained by a series of preprocessing. These paper-based ECGs were used to construct AF recognition dataset; the artificial intelligence algorithm (AIA) was trained, validated and tested using the real labels provided by the Challenge as the gold standard. Results The sensitivity, specificity and F1 score of the AIA based on paper-based ECGs are 0. 957, 0. 978 and 0. 969, respectively, and the area under receiver operating characteristic curve is 0. 994. The Grad-CAM based feature visualization results show that in paper-based ECGs, the position of P wave and F wave at the onset of AF provide main references for the algorithm to identify AF, which is consistent with the ECG diagnostic criteria of AF in clinical practice. Conclusion The AF recognition algorithm based on paper-based ECGs shows good performance. The visualization results verify the high efficiency and feasibility of directly analyzing paper-based ECGs by using AIA, which could provide guidance for clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The kidney is the body's most important organ and the protein components in urine could be detected for diagnosing certain diseases. The amount of IgG protein in urine could be used to determine the degree of kidney function damage. IgG protein in human urine was detected by vertical flow paper-based microfluidic chip, double-antibody sandwich immunoreaction, and cell phone image processing. The results showed that using an IgG antibody concentration of 500 μg/mL and a gold standard antibody concentration of 100 μg/mL, the image signal showed a good linear relationship in the range of IgG concentration of 0.2-3.2 μg/mL, with R 2 =0.973 3 achieved. A complete set of detection devices were designed and the detection method showed good non-specificity.

Objective: To analyze the characteristics of scientific papers in the field of global liver diseases published by Chinese scholars that were retracted for diverse reasons from the Retraction Watch database, so as to provide a reference to publishing-related papers. Methods: The Retraction Watch database was retrieved for retracted papers in the field of global liver disease published by Chinese scholars from March 1, 2008 to January 28, 2021. The regional distribution, source journals, reasons for retraction, publication and retraction times, and others were analyzed. Results: A total of 101 retracted papers that were distributed across 21 provinces/cities were retrieved. Zhejiang area ( n = 17) had the most retracted papers, followed by Shanghai ( n = 14), and Beijing ( n = 11). The vast majority were research papers ( n = 95). The journal PLoS One had the highest number of retracted papers. In terms of time distribution, 2019 ( n = 36) had the most retracted papers. 23 papers, accounting for 8.3% of all retractions, were retracted owing to journal or publisher concerns. Liver cancer (34%), liver transplantation (16%), hepatitis (14%), and others were the main areas of retracted papers. Conclusion: Chinese scholars have a large number of retracted articles in the field of global liver diseases. A journal or publisher chooses to retract a manuscript after investigating and discovering more flawed problems, which, however, require further support, revision, and supervision from the editorial and academic circles.

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract With soft-touch, lightweight, excellent temperature resistance and insulating performance, aramid mica paper is widely used in special motors 'transformers and other electrical equipments. In this paper, aramid mica paper was prepared by using white mica, meta-aramid chopped fiber and meta-aramid fibrid as skeleton and bonding components respectively. The effects of aramid fibers ratio, dispersant dosage, mica content and mica particle size on mechanical properties, insulating properties, micro-structure and temperature resistance of paper were studied. The results showed that the optimal process parameters were as follows: the mass ratio of fibrid to chopped fiber was 7:3 the amount of PEO was 0.5wt%, the mass fraction of mica was 50 wt%, and the size of mica was 120~150μm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the significance of bacteria detection with filter paper method on diagnosis of diabetic foot wound infection. Methods: Eighteen patients with diabetic foot ulcer conforming to the study criteria were hospitalized in Liyuan Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from July 2014 to July 2015. Diabetic foot ulcer wounds were classified according to the University of Texas diabetic foot classification (hereinafter referred to as Texas grade) system, and general condition of patients with wounds in different Texas grade was compared. Exudate and tissue of wounds were obtained, and filter paper method and biopsy method were adopted to detect the bacteria of wounds of patients respectively. Filter paper method was regarded as the evaluation method, and biopsy method was regarded as the control method. The relevance, difference, and consistency of the detection results of two methods were tested. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of filter paper method in bacteria detection were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn based on the specificity and sensitivity of filter paper method in bacteria detection of 18 patients to predict the detection effect of the method. Data were processed with one-way analysis of variance and Fisher's exact test. In patients tested positive for bacteria by biopsy method, the correlation between bacteria number detected by biopsy method and that by filter paper method was analyzed with Pearson correlation analysis. Results: (1) There were no statistically significant differences among patients with wounds in Texas grade 1, 2, and 3 in age, duration of diabetes, duration of wound, wound area, ankle brachial index, glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting blood sugar, blood platelet count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, aspartate aminotransferase, serum creatinine, and urea nitrogen (with F values from 0.029 to 2.916, P values above 0.05), while there were statistically significant differences among patients with wounds in Texas grade 1, 2, and 3 in white blood cell count and alanine aminotransferase (with F values 4.688 and 6.833 respectively, P <0.05 or P <0.01). (2) According to the results of biopsy method, 6 patients were tested negative for bacteria, and 12 patients were tested positive for bacteria, among which 10 patients were with bacterial number above 1×10(5)/g, and 2 patients with bacterial number below 1×10(5)/g. According to the results of filter paper method, 8 patients were tested negative for bacteria, and 10 patients were tested positive for bacteria, among which 7 patients were with bacterial number above 1×10(5)/g, and 3 patients with bacterial number below 1×10(5)/g. There were 7 patients tested positive for bacteria both by biopsy method and filter paper method, 8 patients tested negative for bacteria both by biopsy method and filter paper method, and 3 patients tested positive for bacteria by biopsy method but negative by filter paper method. Patients tested negative for bacteria by biopsy method did not tested positive for bacteria by filter paper method. There was directional association between the detection results of two methods ( P =0.004), i. e. if result of biopsy method was positive, result of filter paper method could also be positive. There was no obvious difference in the detection results of two methods ( P =0.250). The consistency between the detection results of two methods was ordinary (Kappa=0.68, P =0.002). (3) The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of filter paper method in bacteria detection were 70%, 100%, 1.00, 0.73, and 83.3%, respectively. Total area under ROC curve of bacteria detection by filter paper method in 18 patients was 0.919 (with 95% confidence interval 0-1.000, P =0.030). (4) There were 13 strains of bacteria detected by biopsy method, with 5 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii, 5 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, 1 strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 1 strain of Streptococcus bovis, and 1 strain of bird Enterococcus . There were 11 strains of bacteria detected by filter paper method, with 5 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii, 3 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, 1 strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 1 strain of Streptococcus bovis, and 1 strain of bird Enterococcus . Except for Staphylococcus aureus, the sensitivity and specificity of filter paper method in the detection of the other 4 bacteria were all 100%. The consistency between filter paper method and biopsy method in detecting Acinetobacter baumannii was good (Kappa=1.00, P <0.01), while that in detecting Staphylococcus aureus was ordinary (Kappa=0.68, P <0.05). (5) There was no obvious correlation between the bacteria number of wounds detected by filter paper method and that by biopsy method ( r =0.257, P =0.419). There was obvious correlation between the bacteria numbers detected by two methods in wounds with Texas grade 1 and 2 (with r values as 0.999, P values as 0.001). There was no obvious correlation between the bacteria numbers detected by two methods in wounds with Texas grade 3 ( r =-0.053, P =0.947). Conclusions: The detection result of filter paper method is in accordance with that of biopsy method in the determination of bacterial infection, and it is of great importance in the diagnosis of local infection of diabetic foot wound.

Copyright of Journal of Donghua University (Natural Science Edition) is the property of Journal of Donghua University (Natural Science) Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)