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The purpose of this study was to examine Addis Ababa city schools mathematics teachers responses on the paper folding activities and perception on implementing paper folding in teaching mathematics. Exploratory survey design and quantitative and qualitative research methods were used. 75 mathematics teachers were selected by cluster and simple random sampling. Training manual activities and questionnaire were used for data collection, and analysed using mean, standard deviation, independent samples t-test and qualitative analysis. Some of the findings were the primary school teachers have better perceptions than the secondary school teachers and male teachers have better perceptions than female teachers in the importance of applying paper folding in teaching mathematics than female teachers. The primary and secondary school teachers and male and female teachers have almost similar challenges in implementing paper folding in teaching mathematics. In addition, some of the teachers challenged in drawing of perfect figures, cutting or folding the papers to get the properties of mathematical expressions. Therefore, some of the recommendations were training on paper folding should be given at the beginning of the year for mathematics teachers; paper folding is included in the design of the curriculum; and necessary materials should be provided.

The paper deals with the evaluation of the mechanical properties of the crepe paper and chickpaper. The thickness of crepe paper was 300 m with the surface mass 150 g*m-2 and chickpaper paper thickness was 100 m with the surface mass 40 g*m-2. Crepe paper and chickpaper are usually used for chicken breeding. Longitudinal and transversal tensile properties were studied. The tensile behavior was monitored on the motorized test stand ANDILOG STENTOR 1000 (Andilog Technologies, Vitrolles, France).There were measured the tensile properties as modulus of elasticity, maximal elongation, maximal tensile force, tensile strengths, tensile index and strain at break of the longitudinal and transversal samples by testing paper strips. Mean values of the maximal elongation b of longitudinal chickpaper samples were three times smaller than maximal elongation of transversal samples. Mean values of maximal tensile force Ft, tensile strength btensile indexwand maximal strain at break T of longitudinal chickpaper samples were two times smaller than maximal quantities of transversal samples. Mean values of the tensile modulus of elasticity of longitudinal and transversal chickpaper samples were almost equal. Chickpaper mechanical properties in tension were different in the longitudinal and transversal direction of the original paper surface. Mean values of the maximal elongation b and maximal strain at break T of longitudinal crepe paper samples were sixty times smaller than maximal elongation and maximal strain at break of transversal samples. Mean values of maximal tensile force Ft, tensile strength bandtensile indexwof longitudinal crepe paper samples were fourth times smaller than maximal quantities of transversal samples. Mean values of the tensile modulus of elasticity of longitudinal samples of crepe paper were thirty eight times smaller than values of transversal samples.

In the optics of attention was the story of the Japanese writer Komatsu Sake "Paper or hair", written in 1963. According to the content, the loss of paper changed the usual way of life of people, becoming a source of existential fears. As we believe, the artistic narrative anticipates the events of our time associated with the spread of the coronavirus infection COVID-19. An artistic description of the situation by a Japanese writer, a phenomenological immersion in reality and theoretical reflections by M. Heidegger's work on the existential of fear helped to reconstruct the psychological States of people in the context of a pandemic and to identify the structure of fear. In modern life, fear manifests itself in three aspects: before-than fear, fearfulness and about-than fear. As a result of the all-embracing nature of fear, the fearogenicity of being is born, which violates the stability of the individual's existence, its being in, dwelling in, and mastering with. The above leads to the individual's awareness of the direction of life towards death, which forces him to adapt to new conditions. As a support of the personality in its opposition to fear, we can call hope and effective manifestations that perform the role of care.

An assessment is made the biological and economical chemical indicators of 11 samples Burley tobacco, which 10 new promising hydrides in first generation and standard Pliska 2002 variety. As a result, the study found that the most favorable biometric indicators is presented Hybrid 1595A. With the short vegetative period is characterized Hybrid 1594, and the longest such – standard Pliska 2002 variety. All new selection lines excel at length of the vegetative period standard Pliska 2002 variety. The highest yield is represented by Hybrid 1595A, followed by Hybrid 1593. The highest percentage of first grade is derived from Hybrid 1593А, which gives the lowest percentage of third grade. With favorable ratio of grades is formed and Hybrid 1593. All new lines superior the standard variety Pliska 2002, to as yield, so and percentage of first grade. The studied hybrids, according to their biometric indicators, are grouped into two clusters, and two main components influence the clustering of the hybrids and explain 77.17% of the total variation. Depending on their economic indicators, the hybrids are arranged in two clusters, and in them, too, two main components are the cause of 89.27% of the total variation. Complex assessment of biological and economic indicators shows that with the best parameters differs Hybrid 1593, and work with it should continue with production testing. All new lines superior the standard variety Pliska 2002, to as yield, so and percentage of first grade, which is an indicator of the success of the selection work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paper and paper products play an important role in every area of human activity. Its importance is determined by its use for recording, storage and dissemination of information, as a material for wrapping and packaging, as well as for constructive application. This determines the unlimited possibilities and application of paper materials. The aim of the present work is to study the interdependencies between the components of the paper - fibrous materials from which the papers are obtained, the technological mode of their processing and ecological chemical auxiliaries in view of the possibilities of obtaining papers with multifunctional properties and special barrier properties such as water resistance, biocidality, durability, mechanical strength. The paper is characterized by a heterogeneous capillary-porous structure formed by drainage under certain conditions of a highly dilute aqueous dispersion, representing a reversible thixotropic-coagulation system. The elements of this system are both different in nature and suitably treated fibres, as well as different fillers and various chemical auxiliaries. The chemical auxiliaries added to the plant fibres form, above all, the necessary properties of the paper sheet, support the production process and enable the saving of fibrous material. When processing paper and cardboard by physicochemical methods, composite materials having a new supramolecular structure are obtained. The processes of coating, impregnation, etc. also belong to the physicochemical processes for processing papers and cardboards. The preservation of the reinforcing role of cellulose fibrils and fibres at all stages of the transition to paper and its processing is possible only due to the targeted change in the physical (relaxation) state of the polymers. The transition of the amorphous regions of the cellulose to a highly elastic state and the preservation of its crystal structure ensures the intermolecular interaction between the cellulose and the other polymer components. After selection of suitable fibrous materials and subsequent treatment, selected chemical auxiliaries are added to the paper suspension to obtain special properties of the papers. There is a mutual connection between the different functional properties of the obtained papers. Different methods can be used to achieve certain properties of the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aims to explore the tendencies of integration between specifi c methods of education in the contemporary educational environment, in which each person combines types and levels of educational services on their own, and the teachers more and more frequently develop and realize lessons as a group. Basic methodical approaches are examined and presented as the core of a ‘meta-method' for education. They are organized around the condition of forming transversal personal competencies as a goal of contemporary education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under consideration is an operationalization of the Weintrop taxonomy of computational thinking through some test items from the competition papers of the “Chernorizets Hrabar” math tournament for primary school students. A didactic analysis was made on a sample of educational objectives that require certain activities classified as types of computational thinking in the taxonomy. Based on statistical processing of the students' achievements, conclusions are drawn about the possibilities of forming and developing certain types of computational thinking in the primary education. It is illustrated by examples how specific educational goals are related with corresponding computational thinking in different contexts. The benefit of early development of computational thinking in students for their potential realization in STEM professional fields is substantiated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper proposes the competition paper for university students from the regional round of the International mathematical competition “European Kаngarоо” in 2015. Methodological solutions of the problems are considered and an analysis of the results is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A list of selected papers on the constructivism in education is presented. The sources are published in 2012 and 2013. It is expected this thematic bibliography to help the reader to understand the meaning and use of this new educational paradigm that seems to be hard to introduce in the Bulgarian school practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some recommendations on English transliterations of Bulgarian geographic names were given which can be usable in preparing scientific papers. Examples of the following types of names were presented: I. names well known in English; II. transliterated Bulgarian names: complex names, names of mountains and mountains consisted only by a single massif. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most of the challenges facing Nigerian universities are traceable to inadequate funding. The sector often blames the government for inadequate funding of public universities while the government complains of scarce resources. The incessant closure of universities as a result of unresolved issues between labour/student unions and management, as well as the government is usually as a result of funding such as unpaid outstanding allowances and dilapidated facilities among others. This paper explored other alternatives to funding university education in Nigeria as the beneficiaries of university education were identified because every rational individual will contribute to a project because of the benefit they will get from it. The paper recommended that all beneficiaries of university education should be informed through approprite medium to contribute their quotas to the funding process. Managements of universities are also challenged to judiciously use available resources.

These critical notes challenge the interpretation of the authors of the article that the volcanic source of the described tuffs on the island of Lemnos (Greece) is the source of Dazhdovnitsa tuffs (beginning of the Oligocene) and that it is located in the Bororvitsa caldera, Eastern Rhodopes. However, there are large regions between this caldera and the island of Lemnos (e.g. between the villages of Podkova and Dobromirtsi in the southern part of the Eastern Rhodopes), where no pyroclastic layers are found at the base of the Oligocene section, corresponding to the stratigraphic position of the Dazhdovnitsa tuffs. It has been suggested that the volcanic source of Lemnos tuffs may be located in the Kalotiko volcanic region, situated essentially in Northern Greece. It has a multi-phase Rupelian volcanic activity, but it is not dated in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was conducted in the period 2019 - 2020 in the field of the Experimental Station for Tobacco - Rila, at the Institute of Tobacco and Tobacco Products - Markovo. Two new lines of oriental tobacco and three varieties of high quality tobacco ecotype Dupnitsa - Rila 82, Dupnitsa 160 and Rila 544 (standard) are included. Lines 505 and 506 were created as a result of inter-varietal hybridization between varieties of Dupnitsa ecotype and introduced variety of Prilep ecotype (Republic of Northern Macedonia). Biometric measurements were performed on the following indicators: plant height (cm), number of leaves, length and width of 14- leaf. Yeald (kg / da) and quality of dry tobacco were reported. А chemical analysis was performed for the most important chemical indicators - nicotine, sugars (soluble carbohydrates), total nitrogen. Mathematical evaluation of morphological and economic features was performed by analysis of variance.The data show that the lines 505 and 506 have a higher yield compared to the control and significantly exceed it in quality. A valuable source material for the selection of oriental tobacco ecotype Dupnitsa has been created. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is research in the scientific literature on the coping strategies preferred by a particular age group for coping with stress, and comparisons have been made between different age groups on their preferred coping strategies. The focus of the present study is a comparison between Generations X, Y, Z, and Baby Boomers (the paper generation) on their preferred coping strategies. The BEFO26 questionnaire, authored by Heim, Augustiny, Blaser, and Schaffner (1991), was administered to allow for the examination of individual types of coping, grouped into cognitive, emotional, behavioral, adaptive, relatively adaptive, and maladaptive coping. The participants were 313 Bulgarians from Generation Z (approximately between 18 and 26 years old), 143 Bulgarians from Generation Y (approximately between 27 and 41 years old), 186 Bulgarians from Generation X (approximately between 42 and 56 years old), and 46 Bulgarians from the "paper generation" or Baby Boomers (approximately between 57 and 75 years old). It was found that the cognitive adaptive coping strategy Maintaining composure was significantly more preferred for coping with stress by Baby Boomers and Generation X compared to Generation Y and Generation Z, with the tendency for this coping strategy to be increasingly preferred as we grow older. The cognitive adaptive coping strategy Problem analysis was most preferred for coping with stress and difficulties by Generation Y compared to the other three generations. The cognitive relative adaptive coping strategy Making Sense was more preferred by Generation Z and Generation X compared to the other generations. The cognitive adaptive coping strategy Readjusting one’s value was more preferred by Generation Z and Generation Y compared to the other generations. The emotional relative adaptive coping strategy Dilution of Emotions/Emotional Relief was most preferred by the youngest generation among those surveyed, Generation Z. The emotional adaptive coping strategy Optimism was preferred by Generation Y and Generation X. The behavioral maladaptive coping strategy Withdrawal, or social withdrawal, was preferred by the youngest generation among those surveyed, Generation Z. The behavioral adaptive coping strategy Seeking advice was preferred by Generation Y and Generation X. These findings signal that people across generations differed primarily in the different adaptive coping strategies they preferred to use to cope with stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on two novels by Dimitar Agelov ("When the Man was not", published in 1941, and "The Brave Chung", published in 1953) that were defined as fantasy by literary critics. The novels are intended for children and teenagers, so the emphasis is as much on the fun intrigue as it is on a certain didactic idea. The paper comments on the problem of knowledge as a leading idea of the two novels. They present the life of several generations of monkeys which were named by the author chungs and poma. Under influence of hereditary factors, the environment and the changes of the climate the animals change into people. The main factor leading to this change is the characters start putting in the work.. Every day they do something to survive the fight with other animals, provide food, or adapt to nature. The paper examines the novels as an illustration of Darwin's theory about the origin of species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is a continuation of previous research, which attempted to show that in the studied Bulgarian migrant languages in Ukraine and in the South Slavic languages there are several names that are related to Ukrainian Carpathian dialects. The aim of the paper is to investigate the white/red colloquialism in the ritual text of Bulgarian migrant languages in Ukraine and in the Carpatho-Balkan area. The object of the linguistic analysis is the folkloric discourse from the speech of the village of Vinogradovka (Burguzhi), Odesa region, Ukraine, which has not been the subject of scientific research so far. Dialectological material from the speech of the village of Kubey and some other Bulgarian migrant languages is used for comparison. The objects of the study are individual lexical items with the root *bel-: white rakija 'sign that the bride was a virgin on the first wedding night' and white mouse 'weasel'. In order to achieve the goal, it was necessary, first of all, to make a brief description of the studied speeches, comparing them with other Slavic in the metropolia and in Ukraine. This necessitated the use of the descriptive method on the one hand and the comparative method on the other. Some more interesting manifestations of the verbal expression of the content of the main colours white and red in the folkloric discourse in the Bulgarian migrant speeches in Ukraine and in Metropolia are studied. These are: бяла Рада, бяла Мара, бял Димитър in Bulgarian speeches in Metropolia and bila dîvka, біла дівка, білий хлопець / білий легінь in Ukrainian Carpathian dialects - бяла/червена мишка and бяла/червена ракия. As a result of the research we came to the conclusion that the ritual text is the most favorable, if not the only sphere in which the meaning of words with the root *bel (бял) - 'beautiful, pretty' is realized, which is also fixed in the Carpathian languages of Ukraine. In the studied Bulgarian migrant languages we fix the variation of the lexemes white/red in the names of weasel and rakija: бяла / червена мишка and бяла / червена ракия. The colour red, considered beyond its relationship to white, is among the most widespread apotropaic colours in ancient cultures. This function is very widespread in Bulgarian folk life and folkloric discourse. The correlation between the pan-ethnic and the regional-local is traced, as well as the specificity of the ceremonial text. The examination of the semantic volume of the word бял 'white' reveals the changes that have occurred in the development of individual meanings; in ceremonial discourse it is synonymous with the word червен 'red'. The dialectal material we have brought forward can serve in the creation of the Enntolinguistic Dictionary of Bulgarians in Ukraine, highlighting the specific for Bessarabia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present critical-review paper is aimed on showing and proving the significance of the Bulgarian hydrogeochemistry for the complete and profound characterization of the Bulgarian thermal and mineral waters (from their deep formation to the consumer), based on internationally recognized achievements on priority level, covering the radioactivity of the thermomineral fluid systems (1904-1923) -- Peter B. Pentchev; their noble gases -- methodology and geochemical aspect (1926-1970) -- Nicolas P. Pentchev; their microcompounds - 30 (+ 22) trace and rare elements (since 1958), the regularities and the anomalies of their distribution and the establishment of microgeochemical criteria and indicator systems (since 1964); elucidation of genetic problems (primary and secondary) of the microchemistry (since 1966) and clarification and modeling of "water--gas--rock" interactions (WRI) (since 1970); the establishment of the migration forms of the components and particularly the unknown and unidentified before colloidal one (1976-1997) (all these priorities are due to Elka N. Pentcheva). Three researcher generations (the so called "Pentchev Dynasty") devoted their lives to the Bulgarian thermal and mineral waters, but their scientific priorities are totally ignored in the above mentioned presentation of the Bulgarian hydrothermal wealth in front of the scientific world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today citizens are increasingly becoming an equal entity with state institutions which have responsibility to ensure protection of their rights, accountability, openness and transparency in its operations - as the basic principles upon which rests the principle of good governance. The traditional model of not transparent administration today disappears step by step. Adoption of a law of free access to public information in many countries in the world which seek to enhance democracy in their societies today is a process that can not stop. Nowadays, countries that do not have such a law can not claim that they have full democracy. One of the reasons for passing this law is reducing corruption. Corruption is based on secrecy. Citizens and institutions become corrupted when the public has no insight into their work. If the work of public institutions is transparent and offered for public inspection, then the chance for them to be corrupt is smaller. This paper analyzes the Law of free access to public information in the Republic of Macedonia and its application; the situation in Macedonia after the adoption of the law; concluding that despite some inconsistencies, the law has contributed to increasing transparency and reducing corruption.

The paper discusses the history of the development of different logical formalisms, explicitly modelling situations in which disagreement is present. It is structured as follows: (§1) sketches the distinction between two main traditions in logic, that have different relation to disagreement; (§2) presents Jaskowski's discussive logic and its shortcomings; (§3) develops the doctrinal paradox in social choice theory. Then we come to (§4) the probabilistic model of Lehrer-Wagner; (§5) the bounded confidence model of Hegselmann and Krause and (§6) the agent-based model of Douven and Riegler. The aim of the paper is to show that the development of these formalisms raises many questions that are yet not solved in adequate manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is focused on two movies, dedicated to the life and deeds of the Bulgarian poet and revolutionary Hristo Botev. Chronologically, the first one – “Freedom or Death” (1968), was directed by Nikola Korabov – a film director, considered as a part of so-called classical era of the Bulgarian cinematography. The second one, entitled simply “Botev” (2022), was directed by Maxim Guenchev – a contemporary movie director, known with his history-based works. In different time contexts, both movies were met with considerable criticism by the audience and cinema professionals. The paper pays particular attention to the reasons why these films provoked so many pronounced negative reactions. The first movie was not accepted positively because of the political circumstances took place in 1968. Prague Spring affected the whole socialist block. Thus, the movie by Nikola Korabov was seen as deviating from the politically correct line of the Bulgarian socialism, so its screening was stopped by the ideological censorship. The interpretation of the main character and the way the history events were shown was regarded as diverting from the socialist canon. Consequently, the movie was prohibited for public display. “Botev” movie’s reception was not particularly warm as well. The audience was influenced by the director’s pro-Russian point towards the Russian aggression in Ukraine. The same attitude was shared by the main movie character from the screen. It should be taken into account that nowadays the national-populism is in constant raise, and the dictionary of the social dialogue, dedicated to the problems of the national identity, is radicalized respectively. Concerning the artistic language of the first movie, it is defined as a style mixture with no coherent intention, as involving unnecessary Biblical reminiscences, overexaggerated aestheticization with no plot motivation. Summarizingly, the movie was seen as a display of mannerism, unfitting the idea of the national hero’s concept in its socialist version. The movie “Botev” by Maxim Guenchev leaves an impression for amateur, informal event, targeted for close friends and the families of the cast. In conclusion, the image of Hristo Botev was not properly screened either in the socialist period or in the 21 century and more than 30 years after its collapse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of Industry 4.0 and globalization have brought both opportunities and challenges to enterprises around the world, requiring companies to become more aware of their everchanging environment and the needs and tastes of their customers in order to stay competitive in the digital age. This research focuses on the use of IT (information technology) as it relates to marketing and supply chain management. The goal of this paper is to examine the several ways that information technology (IT) is used to improve marketing strategies, streamline supply chain operations, and promote collaboration between supply chain management and marketing. After outlining the types and forms of information technology used, as well as the benefits and drawbacks in supply chain management and marketing separately, the paper looks at how technology facilitates integration between the two. The report concludes that while information integration between supply chain management and marketing activities is challenging, including difficulties ranging from technological and financial constraints, needing skilled personnel, to legal constraints, however it also creates the opportunity to create sustainable competitive advantage based on more effective, customer-friendly, and environmentally aware management practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The requirements of the maritime profession to the physical and mental health of the sailing personnel are numerous. Subjected to a number of extreme conditions meteorological, climatic, sociopsychological seafarers need to be physically and mentally healthy, on this depends the success of sailing as well as their personal safety. It has been proven by numerous studies that the causes of major maritime accidents are caused by human error, which again draws the focus on the seafarer's personality, his physical and mental endurance. For the first time, a Scientific Research Vessel with a military crew performed a mission to secure the Bulgarian base at Linvingston Island, Antarctica. The voyage is long, mentally and physically taxing, so determining the current health and psychological status of each of the crew prior to departure and upon return from the voyage is of great importance. This allows at an individual and group level to track the changes that have occurred in each individual's body and psyche. This paper presents a mechanism to assess the health status of ship's crew participating in transoceanic voyages. Biological, anthropometric and psychological studies are conducted to provide a real and complete assessment of the physiological and psychological state of each crew member. The examinations are carried out before and after sailing in order to follow the changes (physiological, anthropometric and psychological) occurred in the seafarers under the influence of the extreme conditions of life and activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alcohol harms to others is a growing public health concern. The current paper investigates the prevalence and types of alcohol harms to others experienced by a representative sample of Bulgarians (n=3182, aged 20-65+). Data from the National Survey on Risk Factors for Populatio’s Health, conducted in 2020, reveals that 25% of respondents reported being negatively affected by someone else’s alcohol consumption in the past year. Additionally, 12.5% lived with someone who had experienced alcohol problems. Sleep disturbance emerged as the most commonly reported harm. These findings highlight the significant impact of alcohol harms to others in Bulgaria and underscore the need for further research to understand its scope and consequences. Developing policies targeted at specific harms to others is crucial for public health protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The traditional approach to modern software engineering training often emphasizes theoretical knowledge and practical skills within the context of long-term courses, some lasting up to 2 academic terms. However, in recent years, the modular approach has been gaining popularity. This approach offers a more flexible and focused structure, typically lasting only about 2 months, allowing learners to concentrate on specific topics and skills. Тhis paper presented а pedagogical experiment, the analysis of which confirms that the study subjects taught using the modular approach statistically achieved significantly higher scores in the areas of programming, software architecture and software testing compared to students taught using the traditional approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to research challenges, including key factors in the process of transitioning from a long-term asynchronous distance learning platform to a new one with enriched functionality. The main issues for reaching the goal are related to surveying the parties involved in the educational process; summarizing and analyzing the results; formulating conclusions and guidelines for taking relevant actions. Two surveys are conducted, using specially developed approaches, to establish student expectations and the attitudes of lecturers from the Faculty of Business and Management of the University of Ruse “Angel Kanchev”, regarding the use of “Moodle” instead of “e-Learning Shell 02”. The proposed guidelines can facilitate the process of migration between platforms and the preparation of documentation for assessment and accreditation of the professional fields in the Faculty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a study on the applicability of blockchain technology in an e-learning system. The technical characteristics and operational costs of using blockchain technology were examined and evaluated to select the appropriate technology for a specific e-learning platform. A comparative analysis of leading Level 1 (L1) blockchain platforms was conducted, focusing on four main metrics: average block generation time, transaction cost, transaction finalization time, and chain throughput measured in transactions per second for each chain. The objective is to assess and compare key parameters that are crucial when choosing a specific blockchain for recording information under real-world conditions in e-learning systems. Methods for analyzing publicly available information were applied, combined with verification of data compatibility and consistency from various sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the results of an empirical study focused on eco fiction as a tool for facilitating child – nature pedagogical interaction. The priorities of preschool teachers in the field of environmental education and sustainable development are analysed. Reasons are presented for value inclusion in the world of nature through various activities before, during, and after perception of environmentoriented works of fiction. Options are substantiated for innovating environmentoriented interaction by conceptualizing a model design for working with eco fiction and its content and educational-applied provision through tools of dynamic activity integrity consolidated in a positive environment for children‘s vitality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is dedicated to the specificity of messages in texts from the Bulgarian National Revival period. The aim is to trace the complex relationship between content and speech in Revival texts. The paper presents current reflections related to the beginnings of the modern Bulgarian literary language, supporting a scientific hypothesis that has gained popularity in recent years. This hypothesis posits that the periodization of the modern Bulgarian literary language cannot be understood through the simple relationship of „from - to" but must be entirely aligned with the dynamics of linguistic processes in their complex competition. At this stage, the idea of unfolding the reality of Revival texts through the lens of the relationship between the center and the periphery is proposed, with the emphasis being that, in view of the linguistic picture of the world, the boundaries between the two are not as clearly defined and tend to blur. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper traces the temporal markers (year, day, hour, minute, moment) in Bulgarian Revival-period poetry. In addition, it zooms into the lyrical interpretations of time as the legacy of ancient attitudes and images (in terms of parallels with Greco-Roman mythology and with the Bible). Personal perceptions of time are linked to the specificity of historical events and their meaning; time is illustrated with the distinct ages of human beings and with the different seasons; it is also seen as a marker of the dynamics of the present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the dialectical relationship between myth and utopia, fantasy and reason. The text presents 'interpretive keys' that enable historical consciousness to interpret the past and critically decipher glimpses of utopia in the traces of the present. The presented theoretical models are primarily those of the Frankfurt School philosophers Benjamin and Adomo, who base their positions on Hegel’s philosophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following paper attempts a summarized overview of the theoretical transfers and influences that have permeated museology since the 1980s. Borrowed from various theoretical fields of the social sciences and the humanities, these ideas brought along a number of intensive critical developments in museum theory and practice, known in museological discourse as the „New Museology“. The author‘s aim is to draw attention to the deeper foundations of the „revolution“ that the New Museology prefigured in the 1990s, and to trace the trajectories that the concept subsequently took to evolve into the currently relevant understandings of „critical“ and „post-critical“ museology. The thesis is structured around three key concepts, albeit in a completely different order, to which most of the arguments of the New Museology, understood as „critical“ museology, can be added – museum object, museum narrative and „power/knowledge“ (according to Foucault). Due to its limited volume, the following paper only points out the trends in museum practices resulting from the shift in the theoretical paradigm, without dwelling on specific examples. Last but not least, with this text the author implicitly tries to argue the necessity of a reform and an update in the theoretical museology education in our country, guided by the conviction that only a change in thinking about museums would lead to a change in museum practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The academic labour market in Europe and worldwilde is increasingly dynamic and competitive in terms of offering positions and requirements for candidates. The competitions are public and international. The paper’s goal is to outline the parameters of these trends. The requirements and conditions for international academic staff hiring are not a subject that is often discussed in Bulgaria, and the paper’s task is to fulfil this deficiency. This is achieved through а sample of international academic job offers published between 2021 – 2022 which is followed by empirical, comparable and content analysis of them. As a result, the actual characteristics of the international academic labour market are outlined based on 105 job offers from 91 universities in 6 continents. Examples of one scientific field (political science) are used in order to achieve a higher comparability of the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The judicial administration serves and supports the judiciary, and its role in the implementation of this specific manifestation of state power is very large. On the basis of Regulation No. 14 from 22 May 2019 on the acquisition of qualifications in the profession of “judicial officer”, issued by the Minister of Education and Science, professional classes in the specialty of “Judicial Administration” have been opened in many secondary schools throughout the country. This paper examines important aspects of secondary education management in Bulgaria. The scientific aim of the paper is to analyze some basic issues of educational preparation for the acquisition of secondary education in the profession of “judicial officer” in view of the relationship between secondary and higher education in the studying “Judicial Administration”. As a methodological basis of the research the following scientific methods are used: logical-grammatical, systematic, structural, analytical, formallegal method, method of generalization. Along with them in empirical plan we use a questionnaire survey with students of specialty “Judicial Administration”. As a result of the normative analysis, conclusions and summaries are drawn about the applicable legal framework, as well as recommendations for its improvement are made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today’s economies, lifelong learning has emerged as a crucial driver of economic and social development and growth. However, Bulgaria lags behind other European nations in terms of participation in lifelong learning initiatives. This article delves into the factors that influence continuing education. A field study, involving over one hundred Bulgarian enterprises, revealed that organizational culture plays a pivotal role in shaping corporate investment decisions. Companies that prioritize human capital accumulation through strategic human resource development strategies and practices, and view learning as an essential asset tend to exhibit higher levels of both participation and intensity in lifelong learning programs. These findings align with institutional theory according to which organizational culture significantly impacts investments in lifelong learning. Thus, the paper has significant practical implications for policies related to continuing education and training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current paper identifies some problem areas in the work with students with special educational needs (SEN) in the system of higher education, interprets successful national and international academic practices for their integration and justifies the necessity of the establishment of a Center for Work and Integration with students with SEN at University of Ruse “Angel Kanchev”, as an effective tool for adaptation and active support of such students for their full participation in the educational and research process and extracurricular activities. The creation of such a center corresponds to the efforts of the University of Ruse to generate a consistent policy in the field of inclusive education. Together with the already functioning similar centers at Sofia University and New Bulgarian University, the Center for Work and Integration of Students with SEN at University of Ruse can serve as a model for inclusive education in the higher education system in Bulgaria, as well as will assist in the establishment of international university networks in this direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article studies the fate and the content of a parchment manuscript, containing an Office Menaion, two parts of which have found their way to the Church Historical and Archival Institute of the Bulgarian Patriarchate in Sofia (CHAI) and the Historical Museum of Teteven (IM–Teteven), respectively. The manuscript was written at the end of the 13th or the beginning of the 14th century. The place of its creation can be located with relative accuracy thanks to two marginal notes in memory of the oikonomos of the Krushevo metochion of the Athonite Hilandar monastery, in the Western part of the Metohija region (today in the Republic of Kosovo). By 1858, the two fragments were still part of a single codex and were owned by a Bulgarian from Craiova, Hristo Hadzhi Danailov, who later donated a portion of the manuscript on behalf of himself and of his brother Dimitar to the Bulgarian community centre in Craiova (founded in 1871). It was this part of the manuscript that ended up in the museum collection of Teteven in 1922. By 1935, the rest of the manuscript was owned by Stefan Tsvetkov from the town of Svishtov, the son of Angel Tsvetkov, a wealthy local merchant and a member of the first church board of the Holy Trinity Cathedral (consecrated 1867). This larger part of the manuscript was sold in 1937 by Mikhail Stamboliyev, a teacher from the town of Russe to the Church Museum in Sofia and belongs today to the CHAI collection (Ms no. 501). The paper explores codicological, palaeographic and orthographic features of the Teteven fragment. The numbering of the quires and the similarity with the Serbian Menaion Hlud. 156 from the State Historical Museum in Moscow (GIM) allow the assumption that the two parts belonged to a voluminous codex containing the services for the complete summer period of the church year. The study of the calendar and the composition of the services indicates the presence of at least two textual layers in the Teteven fragment. One of these layers, common to the Menaia of the Studite liturgical practice, presents already translated texts, inherited from the earlier tradition. The other layer stands closer to Slavonic codices following the Theotokos Evergetis Typikon. It is characterised by distinctive hymns also typical only of Mss Dečani 32 and Ms 113 from SS. Cyril and Methodius National Library (NBKM). Most likely, these particular poetic texts penetrated into the South Slavic milieu through certain Serbian centres in the thirteenth century. The type of the Menaion, the copyist’s notes, and the kinship with Hlud. 156 (written for the Cathedral church of Theotokos of Ljeviš in Prizren) allow us to conclude that the two fragments belong to a codex, which was probably commissioned for one of the great monasteries in Metohija founded by King Stefan II Milutin or by his ancestors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is no doubt that the emergence of ChatGPT in November 2022 has become one of the most significant technological events in recent decades. The new-generation chat platform developed by OpenAI has caused a veritable "tsunami" of interest in its underlying Generative Artificial Intelligence (Gen AI). Business organizations in all economic areas are dramatically increasing their investments in this new technology and launching pilot projects testing its capabilities. Banks are no exception to this trend. With the vast amounts of data at their disposal and ever-increasing user demands, they are quickly realizing that Gen AI promises numerous benefits both concerning customer service and in terms of internal banking processes and operations. This paper examines the characteristics of generative artificial intelligence by comparing it with traditional AI models that have been used in banks. The main factors that make banking the perfect place for the application of the new technology are brought out. Based on this, the analysis focuses on surveying the many potential benefits of its implementation – from improving customer experiences, through better risk management, to optimizing the work of back-office employees and developers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's global world, the relevance and importance of volunteering as a form of social cohesion and a mechanism of civic engagement of members of a local community for a cause is growing. Volunteering as a phenomenon has its historical roots assuming different dimensions, but in the majority of cases it is seen as an activity for the benefit of other people or communities, which is carried out of one's own free will, without expecting any kind of reward in the community (Zdravkova, 2016:1; Todorova, 2013). Different meanings are attributed to volunteering in the specialized literature (Kanev, 2023; Radev 2012: 85-86; Radev 2007: 225), which aim to clarify its essential features, considering its manifestations in a larger aspect (Houle, B., Sagarin, B., Kaplan, M., 2005, 337-344). Considering its different forms and manifestations, for the purpose of this paper, volunteering will be considered as a tool, a form of social cohesion between individuals, members of a local community on the occasion of the organization and conduct of local festivals within a specific locality. The question arises: what is its function and role in the context of the construction of these events? According to Bakas, local festivals as events outside of everyday life attach great importance to active community participation, to social bonds within a community that are strengthened through these events, trust is built, and social cohesion networks are formed (Bakas et al., 2019). Holidays imply the performance of activities that live a life of their own, different from other festive rituals. They contain both the commonality and accessibility of modern values and ideas and the intimacy of experiencing authentic artistic events by a community of initiates" (Kutin, 2018, p.2). From this point of view, volunteering during the construction of these events provides an opportunity for community members to actively participate in changing the environment, providing an opportunity to manifest some of the primordial human virtues such as responsibility, dedication, kindness and empathy ( Veneva-Pauncheva, 2011). Involving local people in volunteering activities helps not only to create co-operative contacts, but also to develop communication and interaction skills with various proactive local actors. Based on the results of qualitative (in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and participatory observations) and quantitative research conducted within the project "Local Festivals: A Resource of Local Communities to Deal with Crises ", financed by the Fund Research at the Ministry of Education and Science, the role and importance of volunteering in the process of constructing local celebrations will be outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of a comparative analysis of approaches for practical modelling of educational ecosystems, understood as integrating autonomous systems and actors in the field of education into unified functional networks. The methodology of the mixed-methods study combines conceptual content analysis of a selected sample of 121 thematically related publications indexed in global databases in the period 2005 – 2024 with case study analysis covering 51 educational practices in the Bulgarian and international context. The implemented comparative analysis allowed to identify the main conditions and factors facilitating the transition from systemic to ecosystemic modelling and functioning in the educational sphere. The results of the content analysis of foreign models and practices allowed to formulate identified potential opportunities for the adaptation of global practical models of educational ecosystems in the conditions of Bulgarian education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of a qualitative study based on a systematic scoping review that aimed to identify and analyse approaches to explore and model ecosystem dimensions of education. Seventy-six publications indexed in the Scopus database from the period 1999-2024 were selected and analysed. The results demonstrate that the study of educational ecosystems is based on mixed paradigm approaches combining constructivist and connectivist principles and constructs, and their modelling integrates two sets of characteristics - structural and value-functional - in a leading way. Structurally, the underlying ecosystem centres on school and higher education, lifelong learning and business-oriented learning. In value-functional terms, the guiding priorities are digitalisation, inclusion, good governance, innovation and sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]