ВЪЗМОЖНОСТИ ЗА ПРИДАВАНЕ НА МУЛТИФУНКЦИОНАЛНИ СВОЙСТВА НА ХАРТИИ.

Paper and paper products play an important role in every area of human activity. Its importance is determined by its use for recording, storage and dissemination of information, as a material for wrapping and packaging, as well as for constructive application. This determines the unlimited possibilities and application of paper materials. The aim of the present work is to study the interdependencies between the components of the paper - fibrous materials from which the papers are obtained, the technological mode of their processing and ecological chemical auxiliaries in view of the possibilities of obtaining papers with multifunctional properties and special barrier properties such as water resistance, biocidality, durability, mechanical strength. The paper is characterized by a heterogeneous capillary-porous structure formed by drainage under certain conditions of a highly dilute aqueous dispersion, representing a reversible thixotropic-coagulation system. The elements of this system are both different in nature and suitably treated fibres, as well as different fillers and various chemical auxiliaries. The chemical auxiliaries added to the plant fibres form, above all, the necessary properties of the paper sheet, support the production process and enable the saving of fibrous material. When processing paper and cardboard by physicochemical methods, composite materials having a new supramolecular structure are obtained. The processes of coating, impregnation, etc. also belong to the physicochemical processes for processing papers and cardboards. The preservation of the reinforcing role of cellulose fibrils and fibres at all stages of the transition to paper and its processing is possible only due to the targeted change in the physical (relaxation) state of the polymers. The transition of the amorphous regions of the cellulose to a highly elastic state and the preservation of its crystal structure ensures the intermolecular interaction between the cellulose and the other polymer components. After selection of suitable fibrous materials and subsequent treatment, selected chemical auxiliaries are added to the paper suspension to obtain special properties of the papers. There is a mutual connection between the different functional properties of the obtained papers. Different methods can be used to achieve certain properties of the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]