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Copyright of Journal of Advanced Nursing (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Advanced Nursing (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aims This systematic quantitative review identifies and summarizes the current knowledge and effects of training interventions for managing patients' challenging behaviour. Background Challenging behaviour is an acknowledged worldwide healthcare problem and its management can have a huge impact on quality of care. Evidence-based training interventions that focus on managing challenging behaviour are needed, but few tools for the systematic evaluation of these interventions are currently offered. Design A quantitative systematic review following the 2008 Centre for Reviews and Dissemination guidelines. Data Sources CINAHL, Scopus, PsycInfo, PubMed and Cochrane were searched using the same terms for papers published in English from 2005-2015. Review Methods Studies were assessed for quality and risk of bias, according to the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care Group criteria. A narrative summary was conducted. Results We included 17 studies and evaluated 16 training interventions. Interventions were classified into four key themes: disengagements, communication, controlling behavioural symptoms and restrictive measures. Our review showed that interventions were more likely to decrease violent incident rates and increase staff confidence than change staff attitudes or increase knowledge. The elements of competence used to manage challenging behaviour were measured unilaterally. The evidence provided by studies was largely weak. Conclusion The variety of measurements used in the studies made comparing the effectiveness of the training interventions difficult. An individual's competence to manage challenging behaviour needs to be defined and a comprehensive scale for evaluating competence is also needed. Patient safety should be included in future evaluations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Advanced Nursing (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: Aim: To determine the effectiveness of non‐pharmacological therapies for sleep disturbances in people with Parkinson's disease (PD). Background: Sleep disturbances, which are common in people with PD, may diminish their quality of life. Non‐pharmacological therapies are preferred over pharmacological therapies for improving sleep quality, owing to fewer adverse effects. Design: Systematic literature review. Data sources: A systematic search of eight databases and hand searching was conducted for papers published between 1 January 2000 – 1 January 2016. Review methods: The Cochrane methods were followed. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool. Results: Eight studies were identified for data extraction. Therapeutic domains included physical exercise, cognitive behavioural and complementary interventions. Therapies in four of the eight studies significantly improved sleep quality and the unified PD rating scale score. Other studies showed no clear effects on sleep (N = 1), limited effects on sleep (N = 1) or effects in both the intervention and control groups, indicating that the intervention had no distinctive effects (N = 2). Conclusions: The non‐pharmacological intervention types and sleep‐related measured outcomes were heterogeneous. Most therapies had inconsistent effects on sleep. The insufficient evidence for non‐pharmacological treatments seems related to the unique motor‐associated clinical features of PD, which restrict the use of physical exercise therapy, or to individual “wearing‐off” periods, which limit group therapy. Further studies on non‐pharmacological therapies are required to identify the best interventions for improving sleep quality in people with PD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim To evaluate the impact of multi-professional teamwork (MPTW) and leadership training interventions on patient outcomes in acute hospital settings. Background Although investigations of teamwork and leadership training in acute hospital settings indicate that such programs can optimize patient outcomes, evidence-based recommendations on the content, duration and frequency of training programs associated with clinical evidence are still absent. Design Quantitative systematic review. Data Sources A search was conducted for relevant papers published during the period from 2000-February 2014. Review Methods Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria and were appraised for quality and a risk-of-bias assessment was conducted. The review used a structured approach for literature search, data evaluation, analysis and presentation. A narrative summary was used to report results. Results Two MPTW and leadership interventions in stroke units have the greatest impact on patient outcomes in acute hospital settings. The interventions' impact on patient outcomes, explored in the ten remaining studies, is associated with great uncertainty due to several alternative explanations of the findings. Conclusion Research designs that test such interventions must be improved before recommendations on the ultimate program can be made. This can be achieved by strengthening the design, methodology and descriptions of interventions and the use of more consistent patient outcomes. Building a safety culture adjacent to implementing teamwork and leadership training interventions is essential for improving patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Advanced Nursing (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim To evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to support caregivers of people with selected chronic conditions. Background Informal caregivers provide millions of care hours each week contributing to significant healthcare savings. Despite much research evaluating a range of interventions for caregivers, their impact remains unclear. Design A systematic review of systematic reviews of interventions to support caregivers of people with selected chronic conditions. Data sources The electronic databases of PubMed, CINAHL, British Nursing Index, Psyc INFO, Social Science Index (January 1990-May 2014) and The Cochrane Library (Issue 6, June 2014), were searched using Medical Subject Heading and index term combinations of the keywords caregiver, systematic review, intervention and named chronic conditions. Review methods Papers were included if they reported a systematic review of interventions for caregivers of people with chronic conditions. The methodological quality of the included reviews was independently assessed by two reviewers using R- AMSTAR. Data were independently extracted by two reviewers using a pre-designed data extraction form. Narrative synthesis of review findings was used to present the results. Results Eight systematic reviews were included. There was evidence that education and support programme interventions improved caregiver quality of life. Information-giving interventions improved caregiver knowledge for stroke caregivers. Conclusion Education, support and information-giving interventions warrant further investigation across caregiver groups. A large-scale funded programme for caregiver research is required to ensure that studies are of high quality to inform service development across settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims To examine the relationship between perioperative anxiety and postoperative pain in children and adolescents undergoing elective surgical procedures and the differences in children's perioperative anxiety and postoperative pain among subgroups of demographics. Background While anxiety and pain are regarded as two common problems experienced by children and adolescents perioperatively and the relationship between them has been reported in previous studies, there has been no review paper examining this phenomenon. Design A quantitative systematic review. Data sources Nine electronic databases were searched for studies published in English from the inception date of the databases to December 2010, using various combinations of search terms of 'adolescents', 'anxiety', 'child', 'pain', 'surgery' and 'correlation/relationship'. Review methods Using the Joanna Briggs Institute's comprehensive systematic review strategies, relevant studies were independently appraised and extracted by two reviewers using the standardized critical appraisal instruments and data extraction tool from Joanna Briggs Institute Meta Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument. Results Ten studies were included in this review from 943 studies initially retrieved. Children and adolescents who had higher level of perioperative anxiety experienced a higher level of postoperative pain. Inconclusive evidence was found regarding differences of perioperative anxiety and postoperative pain between demographic subgroups of gender, age and past surgical experience. Conclusion Results of this review inform healthcare providers of the role perioperative anxiety plays on children's and adolescents' postoperative pain and indicate the need to use interventions to reduce perioperative anxiety and, therefore, optimize their postoperative pain management during the perioperative period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim To provide a comprehensive integration of contemporary studies focusing on the relationship between obesity and asthma in paediatric populations. Background The simultaneous increase in asthma and obesity prevalence has been widely discussed over the past 20 years. Although studies have discovered a positive correlation between the two, evidence-based findings are needed to develop nursing interventions. Design A quantitative systematic review on the literature was conducted from June-December 2011. Data sources An electronic database search was conducted for studies published between January 1966-May 2011. Additional articles were identified through the reference lists of reviewed papers. Review methods Inclusion/exclusion criteria and quality appraisal were applied to ensure research primarily designed to study the relationship between obesity and asthma in children was included. Results The majority of studies support a positive association between obesity and asthma in children. Among correlates recognized as important effect modifiers, gender was the most prominent, with obese girls more likely to have asthma diagnoses than obese boys. Scrutinization of covariates in selected studies revealed that most related to children's demographic characteristics and were inconsistent across the studies. Conclusions This review was designed to integrate contemporary scientific findings on the association between obesity and asthma by including a large number of studies with variant research designs. To identify high-risk groups and develop nursing interventions to help children affected by both epidemics, more interdisciplinary and well-designed investigations focusing on an expanded spectrum of correlates including demographic and behavioural factors are warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To systematically review and synthesize qualitative evidence related to decision‐making for treatment modalities among older adults with end‐stage renal disease. Design: A meta‐synthesis of the qualitative research was conducted. Data sources: A comprehensive literature review using PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Embase, Web of Sciences and Cochrane was systematically conducted. Qualitative studies published in English from January 2010 to October 2020 were considered. Review methods: Qualitative studies were systematically identified and critically appraised. Data synthesis was performed independently by two reviewers. This review followed the Enhancing Transparency in Reporting the Synthesis of Qualitative Research statement. Results: Seven qualitative studies, with publication years ranging from 2015 to 2019, were included in the analysis. Overall, the review comprised studies with a total of 133 participants aged between 61 and 93 years. Through meta‐synthesis, three themes were identified: 'reflecting on treatment options', 'confronting difficult decisions' and 'maintaining hope in everyday life'. Conclusion: Our findings reflect that older adults have varying preferences for treatment options. These preferences are influenced by various factors such as considering the possibility of opting for dialysis and the practical applicability of treatment options. The synthesized conceptual model serves as the first step towards the conceptualization of the treatment‐related decision‐making process facilitated by adequate communication, in which patients should be encouraged to speak up, and healthcare providers should listen actively to their patients. This review can provide a strategy for providers to communicate treatment options with older patients with ESRD. Impact: Healthcare providers should be sensitive to older adults' preferences, priorities and treatment goals related to worrying about burdening their families and their outlook on life before deciding treatment modality. Our findings highlight that shared decision‐making should be tailored to each of the older patients to provide comprehensive and individualized patient‐centred care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

sutcliffe k., caird j., kavanagh j., rees r., oliver k., dickson k., woodman j., barnett-paIge e. & thomas j. (2012) Comparing midwife-led and doctor-led maternity care: a systematic review of reviews. Journal of Advanced Nursing 68(11), 2376-2386. Abstract Aims. A report of a systematic review of reviews which examines the impact of having midwives-led maternity care for low-risk women, rather than physicians. Background. A rising birth rate, increasing complexity of births, and economic constraints pose difficulties for maternity services in the UK. Evidence about the most effective, cost-effective, and efficient ways to give maternity services is needed. Data sources. Searches were carried out in August-September 2009 of ten electronic databases, 16 key nursing and research websites, and reference lists of 56 relevant reviews. We also contacted 38 experts for information. No date restrictions were employed. Review methods. A narrative review of systematic reviews or 'meta review' was conducted using transparent and systematic procedures to limit bias at all stages. Systematic reviews that compared midwife-led care during pregnancy and birth with physician-led care were eligible for inclusion. Results. Three meta-analytic reviews were included. Midwife-led care for low-risk women was found to be better for a range of maternal outcomes, reduced the number of procedures in labour, and increased satisfaction with care. For some maternal, foetal, and neonatal outcomes reviews found no evidence that care led by midwives is different to that led by physicians. No adverse outcomes associated with midwife-led care were identified. Conclusions. For low-risk women, health and other benefits can result from having their maternity care led by midwives rather than physicians. Moreover, there appear to be no negative impacts on mothers and infants receiving midwife-led care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. This review examined evidence regarding computer- or web-based interventions to increase preadolescent and adolescent physical activity. Background. Today's youth are less active and more overweight than their counterparts from 25 years ago. Overweight youth tend to become overweight adults with weight-related maladies, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular problems. Interventions to increase physical activity that reach a large audience are needed. Computer- and web-based physical activity interventions are an appealing means to influence physical activity in preadolescents and adolescents. However, their effectiveness must be determined. Data sources. The following electronic databases were searched for studies published from 1998 through 2010: CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, Sociological Abstracts, SportDISCUS and Proquest. Review methods. A systemic review was conducted. Fourteen randomized control trials or quasi-experimental studies were reviewed to: (1) determine the effect of computer- or web-based interventions on increasing physical activity and/or improving body mass index, weight, percent body fat or waist circumference as a result of increasing physical activity; and (2) examine if additional components associated with these interventions increased success. Results. Although most interventions demonstrated statistically significant increases in physical activity or positive health changes related to physical activity, findings were small or short-lived. The value of conducting the interventions at school, using a theory or model as a framework, and supplementing with individual tailoring and parental involvement, is discussed. Conclusion. Computer- and web-based interventions can promote physical activity among preadolescents and adolescents, particularly in schools. However, further efforts are needed to sustain positive changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: The study aimed to review the evidence about existing digital interventions for childhood cancer survivors and examine their effectiveness on health outcomes. Design: Systematic review and meta‐analysis. Data sources: PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycArticles, SCOPUS and PQDT Global databases were searched, and the date last searched was 16 September 2019. Review methods: This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines. Randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials, as well as before‐and‐after studies, were included. The main outcomes were health‐related quality of life and moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity. Two authors independently reviewed included studies and assessed methodological quality. Meta‐analysis was conducted using statistical software STATA 16.0. Results: Out of the eight eligible studies, four were included in the meta‐analysis. The digital self‐management interventions were not effective on health‐related quality of life and moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity. Additionally, the digital self‐management interventions increased the moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity over time but was not statistically significant. Conclusions: There is insufficient evidence on the effectiveness of digital self‐management interventions in improving health outcomes among childhood cancer survivors. Future randomized controlled trials should be conducted from multiple locations and should include objective measures and means to encourage interaction with health care providers. Impact: Digital interventions are increasingly implemented to improve health outcomes among childhood cancer survivors, but their results are inconsistent. Well‐designed digital interventions may be beneficial for this population over time. The recommendations proposed in the current review may be useful for developing digital interventions and designing related studies in the future, thereby reducing late effects and improving healthy behaviours among this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study systematically reviews the literature regarding preoperative stoma site marking and discusses the effectiveness of the procedure on complication rates, self‐care deficits and health‐related quality of life (HRQOL). Design: Systematic review and meta‐analysis. Data source: Our review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane and CINAHL databases were searched to obtain articles published in English. Articles were also retrieved from Korean databases as well. Our last search was conducted on 2 June 2019. Review methods: Two reviewers independently selected relevant studies, evaluated their methodological quality and extracted data. Experimental and observational studies were included. Our main focus was on complication rates, self‐care deficits and HRQOL. We conducted meta‐analysis using the statistical software spss 25.0 and Stata 13.0. Results: Of the 1,039 articles reviewed, 20 were included for review, and 19 were used for quantitative synthesis. Preoperative stoma site marking reduced complication rates (odds ratio [OR]: 0.47; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.36–0.62; I2: 70.6%), lowered self‐care deficits (OR: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.18–0.64; I2: 0%), and increased HRQOL (standardized mean difference, 1.05; 95% CI: 0.70–1.40; I2: 0%). Quality appraisal results for both the individual studies and the studies overall were excellent. The possibility of publication bias was low. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that preoperative stoma site marking improves patient outcomes: stoma‐related complication rates and self‐care deficits decrease and HRQOL rises. For this reason, preoperative stoma site marking should be a mandatory procedure in clinical settings. The practice should also be supported by policymakers and healthcare expert associations. Impact: Preoperative stoma site marking reduces overall complication rates by 53% and skin problems by 59%. Preoperative stoma site marking also improves self‐care and health‐related quality of life. We recommend that preoperative stoma site marking should be a mandatory procedure in clinical settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To identify and synthesize the outcomes of nurse‐led case management interventions for improving cancer treatment. Design: Systematic review with meta‐analysis. Data sources: PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and CEPS were searched for articles published from inception till June 2019, and search was finalized in January 2020. Review Methods: The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) statement guidelines. The quality of evidence was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools. Outcomes were analysed by using a pool of data of 95% confidence intervals (CIs), p value and fitting model based on heterogeneity of test results. Results: Eleven articles were included in the meta‐analysis. When compared with the regular care group, the nurse‐led case management group had: 1) shorter time from diagnosis to treatment by 9.07 days, 2) an improved treatment completion rates (OR = 2.45) and 3) more number of patients received hormone therapy. Conclusion: The synthesized results presented that nurse‐led case management is more effective than regular care in improving treatment timeliness, treatment completion rates and hormone therapy rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Sensory‐based approaches, including sensory room, sensory cart and specific sensory integration programs, feature various sensory stimulations to focus on a particular space or program. This systematic mixed‐methods review describes the impact of sensory‐based approaches in psychiatric care and summarizes the important components of sensory interventions. Design: Systematic mixed‐methods review was based on the guidelines by Pluye and Hong for comprehensively searching, appraising and synthesizing research evidence. Data sources: Data were collected from five databases: CINAHL, Embase, Pubmed, Web of Science and Cochrane before March 9, 2020. Review methods: Qualitative, quantitative, mixed‐methods and original studies published in English on sensory‐based approaches in psychiatric care were included. The studies were selected by screening titles, abstracts and full texts, and the quality of each study was assessed by two researchers independently. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Sixteen studies were chosen for review. Through data integration, four subthemes with positive effects were formed: (1) calming of the patient's mood; (2) calming of the patient's body; (3) improvement of self‐care ability; and (4) improvement of the nurse‐patient relationship. The sensory‐based approach may also lead to negative effects. Conclusions: Several important components play important roles in the sensory‐based approaches: (1) rich, culture‐based, personalized sensory stimulation; (2) a quiet, safe, home‐based physical environment; (3) a good one‐to‐one nurse‐patient relationship; (4) and the cultivation of patient autonomy and self‐management. Sensory‐based approaches in a multicultural environment and home environment will be important topics of psychiatric care in the future. Impact: There is a lack of synthesis of studies on results of sensory‐based approaches in psychiatric care. Four components are important to sensory interventions. It is necessary for mental health service centres and home care for the patients with psychotic disorders to use sensory‐based approaches for reference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To examine the association between type of nursing staff and nursing-sensitive outcomes in long-term institutional care. Design: This systematic review included studies published in English, German, and Dutch between January 1997 and January 2020. Data sources: The databases Medline (PubMed), CINAHL, PsycINFO, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched. Original quantitative studies were included. Review methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist was used to critically appraise the reporting of the studies. Results: Fifteen articles were included. Of 33 quality of care outcomes, 21 were identified as nursing-sensitive outcomes of which 13 showed a significant association with nursing staff, specifically: Activities of daily living, aggressive behavior, bladder/bowel incontinence, contractures, expressive language skills, falls, infection (including vaccination), range of motion, pain, pressure ulcers, and weight loss. However, studies reported inconsistent results regarding the association among RNs, LPNs, CNAs, and HCAs and these nursing-sensitive outcomes, evidence shows that more RNs have a positive impact on nursing-sensitive outcomes. As to the evidence regarding the other type of nursing staff, especially HCA, findings regularly showed a negative association. Conclusion: Future research should be expanded with structure and process variables of which the mediating and moderating effect on nursing-sensitive outcomes is known. These may explain variances in quality of care and guide quality improvement initiatives. Researchers should consider fully applying Donabedian's structure-process-outcomes framework as it is a coherent entirety for quality assessment. Impact: This review provides an overview of quality of care outcomes that are responsive to nursing interventions in long-term institutional care. As the effects can be monitored and documented, quality assessment should focus on these nursing-sensitive outcomes. The inconclusive results make it difficult to provide recommendations on who should best perform which care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To examine the nurses' burnout and associated risk factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design: We followed the Cochrane criteria and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines for this systematic review and meta-analysis. Data Sources: PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Cochrane COVID-19 registry, CINAHL and pre-print services (medR-iv and PsyArXiv) were searched from January 1 to November 15, 2020 and we removed duplicates. Review Methods: We applied a random effect model to estimate pooled effects since the heterogeneity between results was very high. Results: Sixteen studies, including 18,935 nurses met the inclusion criteria. The overall prevalence of emotional exhaustion was 34.1%, of depersonalization was 12.6% and of lack of personal accomplishment was 15.2%. The main risk factors that increased nurses' burnout were the following: younger age, decreased social support, low family and colleagues readiness to cope with COVID-19 outbreak, increased perceived threat of Covid-19, longer working time in quarantine areas, working in a high-risk environment, working in hospitals with inadequate and insufficient material and human resources, increased workload and lower level of specialized training regarding COVID-19. Conclusion: Nurses experience high levels of burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic, while several sociodemographic, social and occupational factors affect this burnout. Impact: We found that burnout among nurses is a crucial issue during the COVID-19 pandemic. There is an urgent need to prepare nurses to cope better with COVID-19 pandemic. Identification of risk factors for burnout could be a significant weapon giving nurses and health care systems the ability to response in a better way against the following COVID-19 waves in the near future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To systematically identify the application of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy among parents of children with chronic health conditions and determine its effectiveness in parental psychological flexibility, psychological distress and parenting behaviour. Design: Systematic review. Data sources: Nine databases (i.e. MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PsychINFO, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and WanFang Data) were systematically searched from inception to October 2019. Review Methods: Quality of studies was appraised by using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist. Findings were synthesized narratively. This work was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis statement. Results: Eight studies involving 485 parents were included. Results indicated that Acceptance and Commitment Therapy significantly improved parental psychological flexibility and reduced psychological distress compared with usual care and waitlist, but was not significantly different from active treatments. Limited studies have provided very preliminary evidence that Acceptance and Commitment Therapy can significantly improve dysfunctional parenting behaviour than usual care and waitlist. High attrition rate at follow‐up made the overall confidence of maintained effect relatively low. Conclusion: This review provides preliminary evidence that Acceptance and Commitment Therapy is beneficial for improving psychological flexibility, psychological distress and parenting behaviour among parents of children with chronic health conditions. Future studies with rigorous designs and large sample sizes are warranted to verify the evidence and explore its long‐term efficacy. Impact: Acceptance and Commitment Therapy has been increasingly applied to parents of children with chronic health conditions. This review provides positive evidence of its effects on psychological and behavioural outcomes among these parents. This work will help healthcare professionals and researchers with their practice and further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To identify and critically appraise the available evidence on paediatric nurses' clinical competencies performed autonomously regarding disease prevention and health promotion activities for children and adolescents in primary healthcare worldwide. Design: A systematic review design in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses statement. Data sources: The search was conducted through MEDLINE (PubMed), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, SCOPUS, The Cochrane Library, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Web of Science and The Joanna Briggs Institute EBP (Ovid) databases. The grey literature was reviewed at OpenGrey. Additional studies were located through a references list of selected studies identified on first search. Review methods: Database search employed MeSH terms: (paediatric nursing) AND (primary healthcare) AND ((clinical skills) OR (clinical competences)). Studies published from inception to October 2019 exploring paediatric nurses' clinical competencies in primary healthcare were eligible for inclusion. No language restrictions were applied in the main search. Selection was made by two reviewers independently. Three independent reviewers assessed the methodological quality of included studies. Results: Eighteen studies were included from six countries. The most common nursing competencies independently performed identified and described in studies were Health education and advice, Child and adolescent health and development assessment, Immunizations and Child health checks. Conclusion: Studies describe clinical competencies of nurses in children care. No consistent scientific evidence is available about clinical competencies of paediatric nurses performed autonomously in primary care. Impact: Few scientific studies identifying and assessing nurses' child primary healthcare skills were found and therefore recorded. Studies describe nurses' clinical skills in childhood, but results do not show firm consistency assessing their practice scope. Health policy‐makers should encourage the development of nurses' competencies if they wish to preserve quality and equity of healthcare services to children. Therefore, the first step is to identify the autonomous competencies of paediatric nurses in primary care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Advanced Nursing (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Advanced Nursing (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Advanced Nursing (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Advanced Nursing (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Advanced Nursing (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Advanced Nursing (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Advanced Nursing (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Advanced Nursing (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Advanced Nursing (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Advanced Nursing (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Advanced Nursing (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Advanced Nursing (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.) is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: Aim: To explore the effectiveness of preoperative psychological preparation programmes aimed to reduce paediatric preoperative anxiety and the potential factors that could have an impact on parent and children's acceptance of such interventions. Background: Various preoperative psychological preparation programmes are available to address paediatric preoperative anxiety. No mixed‐method review has been conducted to explore the effectiveness and acceptability of these programmes. Design: A mixed‐method systematic review. Data sources: Seven bibliographic databases were searched from inception to September 2016, complemented by hand searching of key journals, the reference lists of relevant reviews, search for grey literature and the contacting of associated experts. Review methods: The review process was conducted based on the framework developed by the Evidence for Policy and Practice Information and Co‐ordinating Centre. A narrative summary and a thematic synthesis were developed to synthesize the quantitative and qualitative data respectively, followed by a third synthesis to combine the previous syntheses. Results: Nineteen controlled trials and eleven qualitative studies were included for data synthesis. The controlled trials reveal that educational multimedia applications and web‐based programmes may reduce paediatric preoperative anxiety, while the effectiveness of therapeutic play and books remains uncertain. Qualitative studies showed parent–child dyads seek different levels of information. Conclusions: Providing matched information provision to each parent and child, actively involving children and their parents and teaching them coping skills, may be the essential hallmarks of a successful preoperative psychological preparation. Further research is necessary to confirm the effectiveness of therapeutic play and books. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Aim: The aim of this study was to explicate the outcomes of home support interventions for older people with dementia and/or their carers to inform clinical practice, policy and research. Background: Most people with dementia receive support at home. However, components and effectiveness of home support interventions have been little explored. Design: Systematic review with narrative summary. Data sources: Electronic searches of published studies in English using PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PsychINFO, CINAHL, Applied Social Science Index and CSA Social Services Abstracts. Databases and sources were searched from inception to April 2014 with no date restrictions to locate studies. Review methods: The PRISMA statement was followed and established systematic review methods used. Using 14 components of care for people with dementia and their carers, identified previously, data across studies were synthesized. Interventions were grouped and described and effectiveness ratings applied. Qualitative studies were synthesized using key themes. Results: Seventy studies (four qualitative) were included. Most were directed to carers and of high quality. Seven interventions for carers and two for people with dementia were identified, covering 81% of studies. Those relating to daily living, cognitive training and physical activity for people with dementia were absent. Measures of effectiveness were influenced mainly by the intensity (duration and frequency) of interventions. Those containing education, social support and behaviour management appeared most effective. Conclusion: These interventions reflect emergent patterns of home support. Research is required to identify effective interventions linked to the stage of dementia, which can be applied as part of routine clinical care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims The aim of this study was to gather, assess and synthesize current research knowledge on interventions that aimed to improve nurse leaders' well-being at work. Background The research evidence on interventions for nurse leaders' well-being at work has been sporadic and there are a lack of evidence-based recommendations for effective interventions that inform practice, future studies and education. Design A quantitative systematic review, in accordance with the Cochrane Collaboration procedures and the reporting guidance in the PRISMA statement. Methods CINAHL, Cochrane, EBSCO, PubMed, PsycInfo and Scopus databases were searched from 2009 - December 2016. The final data consisted of five studies, which were assessed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. The data were summarized narratively. Results The interventions were mainly concerned with stress management and were targeted at individuals. Four of the five interventions examined produced statistically significant outcomes on well-being at work. Conclusions Stress management interventions that included mental exercises were the most successful. Interventions primarily reduced the stress experienced by participants, but the evidence on the stability of these outcomes was poor because of the short follow-up periods. The certainty of evidence was low, indicating that the use of these interventions among nurse leaders might be beneficial. Further studies are needed to provide more reliable recommendations for their use. As the performance of nurse leaders influences organizations, through interpersonal relationships, it is important to pay more attention in the future to the development of organization- and person-directed interventions and their combinations. A structural empowerment approach should also be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim The aim of this study was to explore the effectiveness and effective components of training interventions to enhance nurses' competencies in self-management support in chronic care. Background The growing burden of chronic diseases puts an increasing focus on nurses' self-management support of people living with a chronic illness. The most effective method to train nurses' competencies in self-management support remains unclear. Design Systematic literature review. Data sources PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL, EMBASE, Web of Science, ERIC and Psyc ARTICLES databases were searched up to August 2015. Review method Eligible studies reported on training interventions to enhance chronic care self-management support competencies in nurses. Outcomes were defined as trainees' reactions to the training (level 1), changes in trainees' competencies (level 2) or changes in trainees' performance in practice (level 3) concerning self-management support. Risk of bias was assessed. Level 1 outcomes were synthesized narratively. Standardized mean differences were calculated per study for level 2 and 3 outcomes. Results In total, 25 studies were included. Twelve of these studies included level 1 outcomes, eight studies included level 2 outcomes and 10 studies included level 3 outcomes. Effect sizes in favour of training ranged from −0·36 - 1·56 (level 2) and from 0·06 - 5·56 (level 3). Theory-driven training interventions with time to practice, (video) feedback and follow-up generated the most training effects. Caution is needed due to the inconsistent study quality. Conclusion To date, there is a knowledge gap concerning the most effective method to train nurses' competencies in self-management support. More well-designed, longitudinal studies are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim To gather, assess and synthesize current research knowledge on the interventions aiming to improve nurses' well-being at work. Background Previous reviews describe health care professionals' well-being at work from the perspective of burnout. Research on the interventions for and their effectiveness on nurses' well-being at work is sporadic. Design A quantitative systematic review based on the procedure of the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination. Methods CINAHL, Cochrane, EBSCO, PubMed, PsycInfo, Scopus databases were sought from 2009-March 2015. The final data consisted of eight studies described in 10 articles. The study design was RCT in three studies, CBA in three and ITS in two studies. The studies were assessed with the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Data were summarised narratively and displayed in a harvest plot. Results Two of the six interventions were person-directed, two combined person- and organisation-directed and two organisation-directed interventions. Half of them were mainly targeted at stress management while the others aimed at improving interaction with colleagues, work methods and conditions or at supervision of professional skills. Conclusions There was a lot variation in the conceptual bases and the use of evaluation measurements in the studies and the interventions were carried out in a heterogeneous way. Moderate evidence was found to support the use of interventions among nurses employed at in-patient and out-patient units in four out of the six interventions. The review pointed out a need for research on standardised interventions on nurses' well-being at work and their effectiveness with long-term follow-ups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim To assess the quality of evidence and determine the effect of patient-related and economic outcomes of self-management support interventions in chronically ill patients with a low socio-economic status. Background Integrated evidence on self-management support interventions in chronically ill people with low socio-economic status is lacking. Design Systematic literature review. Data sources Cochrane database of trials, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Psyc INFO and Joanna Briggs Institute Library were searched (2000-2013). Randomized controlled trials addressing self-management support interventions for patients with cardiovascular disease, stroke, cancer, diabetes and/or chronic respiratory disease were included. Review methods Data extraction and quality assessment were performed by independent researchers using a data extraction form. Results Studies ( n = 27) focused mainly on diabetes. Fourteen studies cited an underlying theoretical basis. Most frequently used self-management support components were lifestyle advice, information provision and symptom management. Problem-solving and goal-setting strategies were frequently integrated. Eleven studies adapted interventions to the needs of patients with a low socio-economic status. No differences were found for interventions developed based on health behaviour theoretical models. Conclusion Limited evidence was found for self-management support interventions in chronically ill patients with low socio-economic status. Essential characteristics and component(s) of effective self-management support interventions for these patients could not be detected. Rigorous reporting on development and underlying theories in the intervention is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim To review the quantitative evidence concerning the effects of non-pharmacological interventions on reducing apathy in persons with dementia. Background Apathy, a prevalent behavioural symptom among persons with Alzheimer Disease, is defined as a disorder of motivation with deficits in behavioural, emotional and cognitive domains and is associated with serious social and physical obstacles. Non-pharmacological interventions show promise as symptom control modalities among persons with dementia. Design Quantitative systematic review. Data sources CINAHL, PubMed, PSYCHinfo and Cochrane Trials databases were searched for published English language research inclusive through December 2014, with no early year limiters set. Review methods Comprehensive searches yielded 16 international randomized controlled trials or quasi-experimental studies based on inclusion criteria and a rigorous quality appraisal process. Results A narrative summary analysis revealed that non-pharmacological interventions for apathy varied substantially and lacked specificity, conceptual clarity and were methodologically heterogeneous. Select interventions demonstrated effectiveness, but lacked systematic long-term follow-up. Limitations include publication bias and lack of a meta-analytic approach due to the methodological heterogeneity of included studies. Conclusion Study results demonstrate promise for the use of non-pharmacological interventions, particularly music-based interventions, in reducing apathy levels in individuals with dementia. Intervening to reduce apathy may have a positive clinical impact and healthcare providers should be encouraged to incorporate positive sources of interest and intellectual stimulation into care. However, future research is needed to examine the aetiologic mechanism and predictors of apathy, to improve evidence-based interventions and specificity and to optimize dosage and timing of non-pharmacological interventions across the disease trajectory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of forced-air warming for preventing perioperative hypothermia. Background Perioperative hypothermia commonly occurs in patients receiving anaesthesia during surgeries. However, the effectiveness of warming systems requires verification. Design Systematic review incorporating meta-analysis. Data sources We searched OVID, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Medline, CINAHL, CETD and CEPS databases (2001-2015) for randomized controlled trials published in English and Chinese. Outcome measures of interests were body temperature and thermal comfort. Review methods Cochrane methods, Quality of evidence ( GRADE) assessments and Jadad Quality Score were used. Results Twenty-nine trials (1875 patients) met inclusion criteria, including seven trials (502 patients) related to thermal comfort. Results showed that: (1) forced-air warming was more effective than passive insulation and circulating-water mattresses; (2) there was no statistically significant difference among forced-air warming, resistive heating blankets, radiant warming systems and circulating-water garments; and (3) that thermal comfort provided by forced-air warming was superior to that of passive insulation, resistive heating blankets and radiant warming systems, but inferior to that of circulating-water mattresses. Conclusions Forced-air warming prevents perioperative hypothermia more effectively than passive insulation and circulating-water mattresses, whereas there is no statistically significant difference in its effectiveness compared with circulating-water garments, resistive heating blankets and radiant warming systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. To review the evidence for home support approaches directed at tertiary prevention; ameliorating difficulties and enhancing well-being. Background. With population ageing dementia represents a significant care challenge with 60% of people with dementia living at home. However, little is known about existing forms of home support and their relative effectiveness. Design. A two-stage design: First, an overview of systematic reviews of psychosocial interventions for dementia to identify their components; second, a systematic review of the effectiveness of home support interventions to older people with dementia/their carers. Methods. We will search electronic databases using specific search terms with additional searches of other known studies. Data will be extracted by two reviewers according to pre-determined categories. An initial synthesis will elicit components of interventions from stage 1 and operationalize them in terms of specific techniques. These will then be used in synthesis of data in stage 2, to determine the extent to which each home support intervention relies on these components and distill evidence concerning outcomes. Studies from stage 2 are expected to be methodologically diverse; if so, a narrative approach to synthesis will be taken. Study findings will be explored with Patient, Public and Carer Involvement groups. Discussion. The review seeks to develop a theory of home support: how and why interventions may work; in what contexts; and for whom. We will identify effective home support approaches, informing policy-makers and establishing how they might be experienced by people with dementia and their carers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims To synthesize outcomes from research on handoffs to guide future computerization of the process on medical and surgical units. Background Handoffs can create important information gaps, omissions and errors in patient care. Authors call for the computerization of handoffs; however, a synthesis of the literature is not yet available that might guide computerization. Data sources PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane, Psyc INFO, Scopus and a handoff database from Cohen and Hilligoss. Design Integrative literature review. Review methods This integrative review included studies from 1980-March 2011 in peer-reviewed journals. Exclusions were studies outside medical and surgical units, handoff education and nurses' perceptions. Results The search strategy yielded a total of 247 references; 81 were retrieved, read and rated for relevance and research quality. A set of 30 articles met relevance criteria. Conclusion Studies about handoff functions and rituals are saturated topics. Verbal handoffs serve important functions beyond information transfer and should be retained. Greater consideration is needed on analysing handoffs from a patient-centred perspective. Handoff methods should be highly tailored to nurses and their contextual needs. The current preference for bedside handoffs is not supported by available evidence. The specific handoff structure for all units may be less important than having a structure for contextually based handoffs. Research on pertinent information content for contextually based handoffs is an urgent need. Without it, handoff computerization is not likely to be successful. Researchers need to use more sophisticated experimental research designs, control for individual and unit differences and improve sampling frames. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

mcmahon s. & fleury j. (2012) External validity of physical activity interventions for community-dwelling older adults with fall risk: a quantitative systematic literature review. Journal of Advanced Nursing 68(10), 2140-2154. Abstract Aim. To appraise the external validity of physical activity interventions designed to reduce falls among community-dwelling older adults, using the reach, efficacy/effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance framework. Background. Falls are a globally common, important, and a preventable problem. The efficacy of physical activity interventions to reduce falls among older adults is well established. Translation of this research into practice is slow as evidenced by persistently low proportions of older adults who engage in physical activities and the rising incidence of falls. Data sources. Four electronic databases were searched for relevant studies published between 2000-2010. Studies that examined the effects of physical activity interventions designed to reduce falls among community-dwelling older adults were included in this review ( n = 46). Design. This was a quantitative systematic review with narrative synthesis. The reach, efficacy/effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance framework guided the identification, appraisal, and synthesis of indicators representing study validity. Results. The majority of studies in this review described indicators representing internal validity. Details about indicators representing external validity were reported infrequently, limiting the generalizability of fall-preventive physical activity interventions in diverse cultures and social contexts over time. Conclusions. To foster translational research in real world settings, additional programmatic intervention research is needed that: (i) targets diverse populations; (ii) incorporates theories of behavioural change; (iii) describes and operationalizes critical content that enables replication and translation; (iv) tests innovative measures of fall risk and physical activity; and (v) evaluates feasibility and acceptability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]