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Anchistrotos kojimensis Do & Ho, 1983 is redescribed on the basis of a single female recovered from the original host, Acanthogobius flavimanus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845) (Perciformes, Gobiidae), and Taeniacanthus uranoscopi sp. nov. is described based on specimens of both sexes recovered from Uranoscopus japonicus Houttuyn, 1782 (Perciformes, Uranoscopidae). The family Uranoscopidae is a new host group for the Taeniacanthidae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metataeniacanthus synodi Pillai, 1963 is redescribed based on specimens of both sexes recovered from the branchial lamellae of the snakefish, Trachinocephalus myops (Forster, 1801) (Aulopiformes, Synodontidae) in Japan. The description of the male is the first time for the species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taeniacanthus kitamakura Yamaguti & Yamasu, 1959 and T. yamagutii (Shiino, 1957) are redescribed based on specimens recovered from the brown-lined puffer, Canthigaster rivulata (Temminck & Schlegel, 1850), and three species of Takifugu (Tetraodontiformes, Tetraodontidae), respectively, in Japan. The copepodid V of the T. kitamakura female and the copepodid V of both sexes and copepodid IV of the female of T. yamagutii are described for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taeniacanthus moa (Lewis, 1967) and T. ostracionis (Richardi, 1870) are redescribed based on specimens recovered from Tetrosomus concatenatus (Bloch, 1785) and Ostracion immaculatum Temminck & Schlegel, 1850) in Japan (Tetraodontiformes, Ostraciidae), respectively. The copepodids V of both sexes, the copepodid III of the female, and the copepodid I (sex undetermined) of T. moa , and the male of T. ostracionis are described for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Orbitacolax kyphosi sp. nov. is described based on a single specimen of the female recovered from washing fluid of the brassy chub Kyphosus vaigiensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825) (Centrachiformes, Kyphosidae) in Japan. K. vaigiensis is a new host and Kyphosidae is a new host group for the genus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cirracanthus monacanthi (Yamaguti, 1939) and Taeniacanthus balistae (Claus, 1864) are redescribed based on specimens recovered from Stephanolepis cirrhifer (Temminck & Schlegel, 1850) and Aluterus monoceros (Linnaeus, 1758) (Tetraodontiformes, Monacanthidae), respectively, in Japan. The description of the copepodid V female of T. balistae is the first time for the species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biacanthus pleuronichthydis (Yamaguti, 1939) is redescribed based on specimens of the female, recovered from the body surface of the bastard halibut, Paralichthys olivaceus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846) (Pleuronectiformes, Paralichthyidae), which is a new host for the species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Irodes kuwaitensis Ho, Kim & Sey, 1999 and I. parupenei Ho & Lin, 2007 are redescribed based on specimens of both sexes and juveniles, recovered from the bucco-branchial cavity and the nasal cavity of the blackspot goatfish, Parupeneus spilurus (Bleeker, 1854), and Parairodes himeji gen. et sp. nov. is described on the basis of specimens of the female, recovered from under the scales of the Japanese goatfish, Upeneus japonicus (Houttuyn, 1782). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taeniastrotos tragus Dojiri & Cressey, 1987 is redescribed on the basis of specimens of both sexes recovered from Trachinocephalus myops (Forster, 1801), and T. synodi sp. nov. is described based on a single specimen of the female recovered from Synodus macrops Tanaka, 1917. The description of the male of T. tragus is the first for the species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metataeniacanthus suggrundi sp. nov. is described based on a single specimen of the female recovered from the inner surface of the operculum of Suggrundus meerdervoorti (Bleeker, 1860) (Perciformes, Platycephalidae) in Japan. S. meerdervoorti is a new host for the genus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Irodes callionymi (Yamaguti, 1939) is redescribed based on specimens of both sexes recovered from the bucco-branchial cavity and the body surface of Synchiropus altivelis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845) (Callionymidae) in Japan. The male, as well as copepodids V and IV are described for the first time for the species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pseudotaeniacanthus japonicus sp. nov. (Taeniacanthidae) is described based on specimens of both sexes recovered from the body surface and the bucco-branchial cavity of the beach conger, Conger japonicus Bleeker, 1879 (Congridae) in Japan. C. japonicus represents a new host for the family. Copepodids V-III of the species are also described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shiinoa prionura Izawa, 2009 is redescribed based on specimens of both sexes recovered from the nasal cavity of the barred knifejaw Oplegnathus fasciatus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1844) (Centrarchiformes, Oplegnathidae) in Japan. The male of the species is described for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anomalocolax nemipteri gen. et sp. nov. is described based on a single specimen of the female recovered from the bucco-branchial cavity of the Japanese threadfin bream, Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch, 1792) (Nemipteridae) in Japan. This species is unique in the family in having one process on the first free segment of the antennule in addition to five plumose setae in the adult female. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Naricolax stocki (Roubal, 1981) is redescribed based on specimens of both sexes, recovered from the blackhead seabream Acanthopagrus schlegelii (Bleeker, 1854) (Perciformes, Sparidae) in Japan. Both sexes of its copepodid V are described for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Triceracolax chrysophryenus (Roubal, Armitage & Rohde, 1983) is redescribed based on specimens of both sexes, recovered from the nasal cavity of the red sea bream, Pagrus major (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843) (Perciformes, Sparidae) in Japan. Leg 1 exopod of the female of the species is recognized to be 2-segmented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pumiliopes scombri Izawa, 2021 is redescribed based on specimens of both sexes recovered from the bucco-branchial cavity of the chub mackerel, Scomber japonicus Houttuyn, 1782 (Scombriformes, Scombridae), in Japan. The male of the species is described for the first time. The description of the male is also the first time for the genus. This genus is unique in having an antenna that is sexually dimorphic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bomolochus bellones Burmeister, 1835 is redescribed based on specimens recovered from the bucco-branchial cavity of the Pacific saury, Cololabis saira (Actinopterygii, Beloniformes, Scomberesocidae), in Japan. The male, copepodid V female, copepodid IV female, and copepodid III male of the species are described. The postantennal processes and lateral processes have appeared in the female at copepodid V. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nothobomolochus oomenatsutobi sp. nov. is described based on specimens of both sexes recovered from the bucco-branchial cavity of the limpid-wing flyingfish Cheilopogon unicolor (Valenciennes, 1847) in Japan. This species was dealt with previously as N. cypseluri (Yamaguti, 1953) by Izawa (2020). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unicolax mycterobius (Vervoort, 1965) is redescribed based on specimens of both sexes recovered from the nasal cavity of the frigate tuna Auxis thazard (Lacépède, 1800) (Pisces, Scombridae) in Japan. This species possesses the lateral processes in the oral area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Holocolax nemipteri (Pillai, 1973) is redescribed based on specimens of the female recovered from the bucco-branchial cavity of the original host, the Japanese threadfin bream Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch, 1791) in Japan. Copepodid III sex undetermined of the species recovered from the same host is described for the first time in the genus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our knowledge of the freshwater cyclopid copepods of the Visayas Islands remains poor as compared to other terrestrial and aquatic fauna. This study focuses on two genera, Mesocyclops and Thermocyclops, which are common components of lake plankton communities. This study included specimens collected from 59 sampling sites found in major islands (Panay, Negros, Cebu, Bohol, Leyte and Samar) and a small island (Pacijan) in the Visayas region. Four species of Mesocyclops and three species of Thermocyclops were identified. This includes the first record of Mesocyclops woutersi in the Philippines, which was so far unknown from insular SE Asia. The endemic Mesocyclops microlasius, previously reported from Luzon Island, was also found in Lake Danao (Pacijan Island). An identification key to Philippine species of Mesocyclops and Thermocyclops is herein provided. Geographic distribution and possible causes of the low number of species observed and their implications for further faunal studies are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To date, little attention has been paid to analyses of copepods as exotic species. The genus Mesocyclops, a freshwater cyclopoid, has a worldwide distribution, but individual species within the genus have a quite restricted geographical range. Mesocyclops pehpeiensis Hu, 1943 is a Central-East Asian species, rarely found outside of this area, and when it appears should be considered as nonnative. Based on morphology and DNA barcode analyses, using the COI gene, we confirmed records of M. pehpeiensis in two ponds in Mexico and in a rice paddy near Valencia, Spain. The morphology of this species, based on morphometric analyses, was found to be variable, but DNA barcoding confirmed the same identity for specimens from two continents. The extremely low COI genetic divergence among these disjunct populations of M. pehpeiensis strongly evidences anthropogenic translocations. DNA barcoding can be a fast and useful analytical tool to accurately identify exotic species across the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species of Acantholochus Cressey, 1984 (Cyclopoida, Bomolochidae), parasitic on the gills and opercular cavity of the barred grunt Conodon nobilis (Linnaeus, 1758), from the coastal zone of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, is described and illustrated. The new species differs from its congeners through a combination of characters that includes presence of lamellae on the spines on the third segment of the exopods of the third leg, the number of antennule segments, and the presence of one seta on the second endopodal segment of the third leg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Size differentiation has been considered an important phenomenon in evolution, and in situ speciation was hypothesized in the past for the parapatric subterranean Western Australian Diacyclops Kiefer, 1927 species from the alticola-group, based on morphological evidence. Aims of this study are to: derive their preliminary molecular phylogenies based on mitochondrial (12S) and nuclear (18S) genes; test if morpho-species are supported by molecular data; examine monophyly of the alticola-group; and test whether the size differences evolved in situ after colonization by a single ancestral species or resulted from different phylogeny. Analyses of the 12S sequences reveal at least six well defined clades, each corresponding to one morpho-species. The divergences are very high between all species, suggesting only a remote relationship, with those between sympatric species with significant size difference being in excess of 27%. Surprisingly, all analyses show very high bootstrap values for the clade formed by two cosmopolitan surface-water species, Diacyclops bisetosus (Rehberg, 1880) and D. bicuspidatus (Claus, 1857), despite numerous morphological differences. The 18S dataset also supports only a remote relationship between Diacyclops scanloni Karanovic, 2006 and two other Western Australian members of the alticola-group: D. humphreysi s. str. Pesce & De Laurentiis, 1996 and D. sobeprolatus Karanovic, 2006. Preliminary analyses suggest absence of in situ speciation and parallel evolution in the Western Australian Diacyclops, interspecific size differentiation being a result of different phylogeny. The alticola-group may be polyphyletic, and we recognize morphological characters that define two main lineages. A possibility of cryptic speciation in the cosmopolitan D. bisetosus is also suggested, and several sequences of Diacyclops available from GenBank are recognized either as contamination or misidentification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four new small subterranean cyclopid species are described from Australia in a newly erected genus Anzcyclops n. gen.: A. yarriensis n. sp. (type), A. belli n. sp., A. ballensis n. sp., and A. euryantennula n. sp. Three species are from the Pilbara region in Western Australia, the fourth species from central Queensland. Another previously described species from New Zealand is transferred to this genus, A. silvestris (Harding, 1958) n. comb., originally described in the genus Goniocyclops Kiefer, 1955. The new genus has a number of unique features, including dorsoventrally compressed habitus, reticulated integument of prosomites, and a characterstic shape of the fifth leg. It is most closely related to the South American genus Muscocyclops Kiefer, 1937, and the two share the same spine formula of the swimming legs (2.3.3.2), but they can be distinguished by a number of characters in the shape of the genital double-somite, caudal rami, and anal operculum, as well as in the armature of the first leg. Our preliminary cladistic analysis revealed the polyphyletic nature of the endemic Australian genus Fierscyclops Karanovic, 2004. As a result, the subgenus Pilbaracyclops Karanovic, 2006 is upgraded to full generic rank and its two species are given as new combinations: P. supersensus (Karanovic, 2006) n. comb. (type) and P. frustratio (Karanovic, 2006) n. comb. The assemblage of Australian species previously considered members of the genus Metacyclops Kiefer, 1927 is also found to be polyphyletic and all five Australian representatives and one New Zealand species of the so-called "trispinosus"-goup are transferred into a newly erected genus Pescecyclops n. gen.: P. laurentiisae (Karanovic, 2004) n. comb. (type), P. pilanus (Karanovic, 2004) n. comb., P. arnaudi (G. O. Sars, 1908) n. comb., P. monacanthus (Kiefer, 1928) n. comb., P. kimberleyi (Karanovic, 2004) n. comb., and P. pilbaricus (Karanovic, 2004) n. comb. After this, only two Australian species are left in the genus Metacyclops: M. mortoni Pesce, De Laurentiis & Humphreys, 1996 and M. superincidentis Karanovic, 2004. Pescecyclops is defined by the presence of three spines on the distal exopodal segment of all swimming legs, only one apical spine on the fourth leg endopod, and absence of any sexual dimorphism in postantennular appendages, in addition to a Metacyclops-like fifth leg. Two Australian species previously considered members of Goniocyclops and one as a member of Allocyclops Kiefer, 1932 proved to be relatively closely related to each other and quite separate from other members of their respective genera. They are transferred into a third new genus, Dussartcyclops n. gen., although subdivided into two subgenera: D. (s. str.) uniarticulatus (Karanovic, 2004) n. comb. (type), D. (s. str.) mortoni (Karanovic, 2004) n. comb., and D. (Barrowcyclops) consensus (Karanovic, 2003) n. comb. They all have a reduced armature of the swimming legs (spine formula 2.2.2.2), vermiform habitus, and the fifth leg exopod armed with two subequal apical setae, but the subgenus Barrowcyclops n. subgen. has the exopod of the fifth leg fused basally to the somite and the inner spine on the first leg basis absent, in addition to a more plesiomorphic endopodal armature of the first and fourth legs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species of Cyclopidae (Copepoda, Cyclopoida) is described from Ayyalon Cave, Israel, as Metacyclops longimaxillis n. sp. The description is based on specimens collected in a small, brackish, warm and sulfidic water pool, recently described from this cave that belongs to the Yarqon-Tanninim aquifer. The new taxon is distinguished by specific morphological traits, but in particular by the remarkable maxillae, the large size of which may be related to the specific environmental conditions in which these crustaceans are living. Its closest similar congener is M. stammeri Kiefer, 1938, with which it mainly shares the terminal seta and spine on endopodal segment 2 of P4 in both male and female, the armature of two setae and the strong exopodal seta on the basipodite of the antenna, the spine formula of the exopodites of the swimming legs (3.4.4.3), the general shape and setation of the furca with the inner median seta enlarged at its base; the 11-segmented female antennule, and the segmentation pattern of the antennule. They principally differ by their body size, the shape of the seminal receptacle, the setation of the antenna, the structure of the male antennule, the ornamentation of the intercoxal plates of the swimming legs, and the structure of the male P6. Some information and a description of the only other cyclopid found at this site, attributed to Metacyclops subdolus Kiefer, 1938, is given in addition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new species of Kelleria, i.e., Kelleria indonesiana and Kelleria javaensis, and one previously known species, Kelleria pectinata (A. Scott, 1909) are described and illustrated from specimens collected in four areas of Java coastal waters and Lembeh Strait, North Sulawesi (Celebes), Indonesia. Kelleria indonesiana, collected from Cilacap Bay on the south coast of central Java, can be distinguished from other species of this genus by combination of several characters, i.e., mouthparts, segmentation of antennule and antenna, and shape of the fifth legs. Kelleria javaensis, which was collected off Surabaya, Java Sea, is distinguished from other species of the genus by having two lobes on the inner margin of the fifth leg, length proportion of prosome and urosome, and a combination of several characters of the mouthparts. Kelleria pectinata collected from off Tegal, north coast of central Java, and Lembeh Strait, North Sulawesi, was originally described and named from a single female specimen from the Bali Sea as Pseudanthessius pectinatus by A. Scott (1909). Descriptions, measurements, and figures are given for these species, along with taxonomic remarks and ecological notes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three new species of the family Shiinoidae, Shiinoa japonica, S. purionura, and Parashiinoa cookeola are described based on specimens recovered from the nasal lamellae of Japanese actinopterygian fishes, Kyphosus vaigiensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825), Prionurus scalprum Valenciennes, 1835, and Cookeolus japonicus (Cuvier, 1829), respectively. The male of S. japonica and the male copepodid II of P. cookeola are described. All host fishes named above represent new host families for the Shiinoidae. The phylogenetic affinity of this family with the Philichthyidae is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Standard karyotypes of three cyclopoid copepods belonging to the genus Acanthocyclops are reported for freshwater populations from NW Germany and Uzbekistan, namely: A. vernalis (S. Fischer, 1853), A. trajani Mirabdullayev & Defaye, 2002, and Acanthocyclops einslei Mirabdullayev & Defaye, 2004. A comprehensive survey of karyological studies within Acanthocyclops is provided. Species of Acanthocyclops reveal remarkable karyotypic diversity, but also show differences in the mere number of chromosomes, with standard karyotypes ranging from 4 to 12 (2n). Data can provide only limited information on phylogenetic relationships, but are useful diagnostically in clarifying taxonomic boundaries and in separating taxa. Phylogenetic and methodological implications of the karyological findings in Acanthocyclops are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A survey of chromosome studies among cyclopoid copepods is provided on the basis of new findings and data from the literature. Standard karyotypes of the Cyclopoida reveal substantial diversity in karyotypes. In some genera there are major karyotypic differences between species, whereas other groups appear to be highly conservative. Acanthocyclops americanus has the lowest known chromosome number, 2n = 10, and Megacyclops viridis the highest, 2n = 24, among cyclopoid copepods. Chromosome morphology has not successfully been employed in phylogenetic studies yet, since karyotypes are known only for about 4% of the copepod families and 8% of cyclopoid families. It is difficult to homologize copepod chromosomes, as chromosome shape provides only limited information and chromosome number is arbitrary, since fissions and fusions seem likely to occur independently. However, cytogenetic information may provide a useful evolutionary tool, particularly in the discovery of sibling or cryptic taxa, and for the clarification of generic boundaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Acanthocyclops kieferi (Chappuis, 1925) complex (Copepoda, Cyclopoida) includes exclusively stygobitic species, mainly widespread in the cave habitats of south-eastern Europe. A new species for the group, Acanthocyclops milotai n. sp., collected from pools supplied by percolation water in a cave in south-western Romania, is described. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by the following characters: the ornamentation pattern of the basis of the antenna with four spinules placed in an arch; the coxa of leg 4 with four spinules on its distal margin; furcal rami divergent, about 2.2 times as long as wide, with the lateralmost, terminal furcal seta 1.14 times as long as the medialmost one, and these both setiform. Inter-populational variability of some characters in the new species such as the shape of the anal operculum and the ornamentation of the coxa of leg P4 are discussed. Furthermore, the characters generally used to differentiate the taxa of the kieferi group are re-examined and discussed, and a brief description of the adaptive traits of these species to the groundwater is given. Biogeographical and ecological considerations about the kieferi species-complex in Romanian groundwater habitats are also mentioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We studied copepod assemblages in the northern South China Sea during October 2004. A total of 78 copepod species was identified from 24 families and 42 genera that include the four orders Calanoida, Cyclopoida, Harpacticoida, and Poecilostomatoida. The high copepod diversity in the study area may mainly be caused by both the year-round Kuroshio Current intrusion and the SW monsoon, prevailing in the South China Sea during summer. Water currents in the region transport marine planktonic fauna, that comprises predominantly Copepoda from subtropical and tropical water masses. Calanus sinicus did not appear, indicating that there was no cold water mass intrusion in that area during October 2004. Clausocalanus furcatus and C. arcuicornis were most dominant, occurring in 27 of a total of 28 samples (occurrence rate (OR): 96.43%). Thirteen copepod species were found once in all samples. The three most dominant copepods considering all samples were Clausocalanus furcatus (RA: 15.32%), C. arcuicornis (RA 13.52%), and Paracalanus nanus (RA: 9.28%). Most species of copepods performed a common diel vertical migration, descending during daytime and ascending at night at different rates to different depth zones. There were smaller numbers of species and lower diversity indices in surface waters (1-2 m depth) as compared to depths below 50 m. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the presence of cyclopoid copepods species for predation experiments on mosquito larvae in Argentina. The Diacyclops uruguayensis is known from Uruguay and Brazil and may be confused with Diacyclops pilosus in which the specimens were treated with lactic acid and dissected. It was reported that the genus was never been seen in Argentina until a species was cited from a pool in an Andean plateau. There were no species found in the streams of Uruguay nor at the freshwater section of Rio de la Plata. The species D. uruguayensis are considered to be confined to shallow environments.

In this study, the seasonal variation of natural levels of infection in Cyclops vicinus Uljanin, 1875 with procercoids of cestodes was examined in Lake Hazar, Turkey from November 2005 to October 2006. The prevalence of infected C. vicinus was found to increase with water temperature (p < 0.01); a peak occurred in September, while relatively low levels were recorded between November and March. No statistically significant relation was determined between infection and pH values (p > 0.05). However, a statistically significant, negative correlation was found between infection and dissolved O2 level (p < 0.05). Each infected Cyclops carried only one procercoid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Retrieval by different mesh-sized plankton nets is compared, using the abundance and distribution patterns of cyclopoid copepods of the genus Oithona W. Baird, 1843 as a case study. Mesozooplankton was sampled during spring, summer, and autumn of 2000-2002 in the South China Sea. Plankton samples were collected by surface tows (5-0 m) and by oblique tows in three different depth layers (0-50 m, 0-100 m, and 0-150 m), with Norpac zooplankton nets of 333 and 100 μm mesh size. The oithonid density and diversity in the plankton samples collected through a 100 μm mesh was about one order of magnitude higher than those collected through a 333 μm mesh. The mean occurrence frequency of Oithona spp. in the plankton samples collected through a 100 μm mesh net was >85% and >60% through a 333 μm mesh net, with a mean total density of 45.86±206.97 m-3 for the 100 μm mesh net compared to 2.28±21.94 m-3 for the 333 μm mesh net [which indicates the enormous patchiness in occurrence of these copepods]. The density of smaller mesozooplankton, as evidenced by Oithona spp., has thus been underestimated by previous researchers using larger meshed nets. Samples collected through a 100 μm mesh net demonstrated the numerical importance of the genus Oithona and its distinct seasonal and interannual patterns of abundance and distribution in the South China Sea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The free-living continental copepod fauna of the Yucatan Peninsula has been studied for decades; recent intensive surveys suggest that its biodiversity is higher than formerly realized. An updated, revised checklist of the Yucatan copepods is provided herein. This new list includes 59 species, more a than 30% increase from the most recent previous account. The Yucatan Peninsula has long been considered to have faunistic affinities with Central and Southern Mexico and with South America. A similarity analysis was performed using regional records of Copepoda and including two taxa, the orders Calanoida and Cyclopoida. Results from both groups suggest that the Yucatan copepod fauna diverges from that of Central Mexico. Central Mexico itself seems to be closest to the upper Central American fauna, an affinity explained by a longer geological connection. Overall, the Yucatan copepod fauna appears to have more biogeographic ties with Cuba and the insular Caribbean than with Central America or the rest of Mexico. The occurrence of nearctic diaptomids such as Arctodiaptomus and Leptodiaptomus in the Yucatan seems to be related to a general invasion of these calanoids that reached Central America and intermittently spread into the Yucatan Peninsula. With two endemic species in the Yucatan, Mastigodiaptomus appears to have become diversified in the peninsula, derived from other neotropical forms. The local high proportion of endemic forms of Copepoda and the particular geological history of the Yucatan make this karstic area a peculiar, separate entity within the neotropical region that should be studied in more detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teratocyclops cubensis Pleşa, 1981 (Copepoda, Cyclopidae) is redescribed on the basis of specimens deposited in the collection of the Speleological Institute Emil Racovitza, Cluj, Romania. The genus Teratocyclops Pleşa, 1981 is redefined, mainly characterized by the following characters of the female: the general habitus of the body, the 11-segmented antennule, the presence of the vestigial exopodite on the antenna, the segmentation of the swimming legs, the structure of the distal segment of the endopodite of leg P4 with 1 spine and 3 setae, and the proximal segment of leg 5 fused to the somite. The relationship to the closely related genera Metacyclops Kiefer, 1927, Apocyclops Lindberg, 1942, and Goniocyclops Kiefer, 1955 are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The distributional and taxonomic status of the copepod genus Mesocyclops G. O. Sars, 1914, known from tropical America, is revised. Currently, the main characters to recognize species (i.e., presence/absence of a spine on the basipodite of the first trunk limb, the presence/absence of teethlike projections on the intercoxal sclerite of the fourth trunk limb, and the shape of the seminal receptacle) have not been strong enough to make a clear, confident taxonomic border between morphologically similar species. This is most evident in species belonging to the M. thermocyclopoides, the M. meridianus-brasilianus, and the M. reidae-ellipticus groups. Although some species qualify as Pantropical, Neotropical, endemic, and transitional forms, it is necessary to increase collection efforts and evaluate other morphological features in order to establish the taxonomic limits within these intrincate species groups as well as to determine the real distributional range of each. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In laboratory experiments we tested the effects of low (10°C) and high (20°C) temperature on mating duration in the freshwater cyclopoid copepod, Cyclops vicinus. Mating duration was much longer at low than at high temperature. At 10°C, the time from the seizure of the female by the male until spermatophore attachment was 7.6 min. while at 20°C this time was 4 min. only. The time from spermatophore placement until separation of the pair was 55 min. at 10°C and 16 min. at 20°C. The ecological significance of long vs. short mating durations is discussed. Im Labor wurde untersucht, ob sich die Dauer der Paarung bzw. der verschiedenen Paarungsphasen von Cyclops vicinus, einem häufigen, planktischen Copepoden, bei niedrigen (10°C) und hohen (20°C) Temperaturen unterscheiden. Die Paarung dauerte bei niedrigen Temperaturen wesentlich länger als bei hohen. Bei 10°C betrug die Zeit vom Ergreifen des Weibchens durch das Männchen bis zur Anheftung der Spermatophoren 7.6 Min., bei 20°C betrug sie 4 Min. Die Zeit von der Anheftung der Spermatophoren bis zur Trennung des Paares betrug bei 10°C 55 Min., bei 20°C 16 Min. Die ökologische Bedeutung von kurzen und langen Paarungszeiten wird diskutiert. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]