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Researchers at Southern Medical University in Guangzhou, China, have developed dual-targeted spherical nucleic acid nanoprobes for the in situ and multiplex detection of exosomal PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), which are potential tumor markers for cancer diagnostics. These nanoprobes can differentiate the expression levels of piRNAs in plasma from breast cancer patients and normal control groups with high specificity and sensitivity. The study suggests that these new piRNA probes have the potential to perform simple and accurate liquid biopsy for cancer diagnostics, offering a promising avenue for future research in oncology. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou, China, focused on developing a highly sensitive blood test tool called SENSORS for the early detection of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The study compared the performance of SENSORS with traditional protein detection technologies like ELISA and ECLIA, showing significant improvements in sensitivity. The SENSORS-based diagnostic system, incorporating machine-learning algorithms, demonstrated high accuracy in distinguishing between individuals with cancer and healthy controls, potentially offering a minimally invasive screening tool for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the University of Jinan in Guangzhou, China, focused on the role of heat shock protein HSPD1 in osteosarcoma progression. The research found that HSPD1 promotes proliferation, metastasis, and apoptosis in osteosarcoma by activating the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. These findings suggest that HSPD1 could be a potential therapeutic target for osteosarcoma treatment. The study was supported by various research grants and funding sources. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou, China, have conducted a study on lung cancer, focusing on the role of secretory Nogo-B in regulating Th2 differentiation in the lung cancer microenvironment. The study found that Nogo-B expression and secretion are upregulated in lung cancer and correlate with overall survival. This research, supported by various funding sources, highlights the potential impact of secretory Nogo-B on anti-tumor immune responses. The findings have been peer-reviewed and published in the International Immunopharmacology journal. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou, China, conducted a study on the diagnosis of liver cancer using multi-modal ultrasound techniques. They compared different deep-learning-based fusion strategies and proposed hybrid-fusion strategies for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. The study found that the early-late fusion strategy combined with clinical data was the most effective, with an area under the curve of 0.9854. This research has been peer-reviewed and provides valuable insights into improving the diagnosis of liver cancer using ultrasound technology. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by investigators from South China Normal University focused on the roles of nonlinear diffusion, haptotaxis, and ECM remodeling in determining the global solvability of a cancer invasion model. The research highlighted the challenges in achieving fruitful results for the general case when certain parameters are greater than zero. Financial support for this study was provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China. The findings of this research have been peer-reviewed and contribute to the existing body of literature on cancer invasion models. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine have developed a method for the detection of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in hepatocyte and serum samples, which could aid in the early diagnosis of liver cancer. The method utilizes a DNA-peptide probe coupled with mass spectrometry-based quasi-targeted proteomics to directly quantify lncRNAs without the need for amplification. The researchers successfully applied this method to analyze the levels of highly upregulated in liver cancer (HULC) lncRNA in liver cancer cell lines and serum samples. The integration of mass spectrometry and DNA-peptide probe technology shows promise for enhancing liver cancer diagnostics. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Guangzhou University in China has developed a new model for predicting occult lymph node metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The model, called OLNM-Net, utilizes a self-supervised learning approach and hyperbolic metric few-shot learning to improve the accuracy of predicting occult metastases. The research demonstrates that OLNM-Net outperforms existing models and provides new insights into the preoperative assessment of NSCLC, advancing the application of machine learning in medical diagnostics. The study was supported by the Guangzhou Youth Science and Technology Education Project and has been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

A new report discusses research on the diagnostic performance of [F-18]FDG PET/CT, MRI, and CT in detecting mandibular invasion in patients with oral and oropharyngeal cancer. The study conducted an extensive literature review and synthesized data from 24 studies involving 1376 participants. The results showed that CT, MRI, and [F-18]FDG PET/CT had closely matched sensitivity and specificity in detecting mandibular invasion, with no statistically significant differences. The researchers recommend further research with prospective comparative trials to validate these findings in new clinical cohorts. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the University of Jinan in Guangzhou, China, has presented a comprehensive treatment protocol for high-risk hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. The study focuses on the combined use of Y-90 transarterial radioembolization (TARE) and Programmed Cell Death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors as neoadjuvant therapy. The study includes a case report that provides a step-by-step reference for similar therapeutic interventions. The research concludes that this protocol demonstrates the effective combination of Y-90 TARE and PD-1 inhibitors as a bridging strategy to surgery for HCC patients at high recurrence risk. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from researchers at Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine in China discusses the potential of Berbamine Hydrochloride (Ber) as an inhibitor of autophagy in lung carcinoma cells. The study found that Ber blocked the late stage of autophagic flux, enhancing the killing effect of chemotherapy agents. The researchers also discovered that Ber inhibited lysosomal acidification by activating Nox2, a key enzyme involved in neutralizing protons in the lysosomal lumen. The combination of Ber and cisplatin showed a synergistic killing effect on lung carcinoma cells, and this effect was confirmed in an in vivo xenograft mouse model. The study suggests that Ber may be a promising adjuvant for enhancing the cancer cell killing effect of chemotherapy by inhibiting autophagy. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Jinan in Guangzhou, China, aimed to investigate the mechanism by which Ganoderma lucidum inhibits tumor growth in lung cancer and its relationship with immune cell infiltration. The study utilized molecular docking and network pharmacology to identify therapeutic targets and active ingredients of G. lucidum. The results revealed that G. lucidum targets multiple components and signaling pathways, facilitating cancer cell apoptosis and interacting with immune responses. This research provides potential avenues for future studies on G. lucidum's mechanisms in lung cancer therapy. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou, China, investigated the effects of Ganoderma Lucidum Spore Oil (GLSO) on the tumor growth and survival of mice treated with cyclophosphamide (CTX). The study found that GLSO enhanced the anti-tumor effect of CTX and prolonged the survival of mice with H22 hepatocellular carcinoma. GLSO also showed no obvious toxicity to liver functions and decreased the level of urea in the mice. The study concluded that GLSO could potentially be used in combination with CTX to extend the survival of patients undergoing chemotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Southern Medical University in Guangzhou, China have developed a model called CRSRRSM that can effectively predict the prognosis, treatment response, and potential drugs for sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. The model was constructed by identifying cuproptosis-related sorafenib-resistant differentially expressed genes (CRSRDEGs) and establishing a cuproptosis-related sorafenib-resistant risk score model (CRSRRSM). The model showed excellent efficiency in predicting HCC patient prognosis and treatment response, and it was associated with tumor mutational burden and tumor-related pathways. The researchers suggest that this model could have potential implications for the clinical management of HCC patients with sorafenib resistance. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers from Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou, China, explores the role of G-quadruplex (G4) structures in modulating biological functions and their potential regulation by small molecules. The study focuses on the MYC gene, which is critical in tumor initiation and malignant progression. The researchers discovered that a platinum compound called Pt-phen binds to the MYC promoter G4, forming complex structures. They also found that Pt-phen targets G4 DNA in living cells and represses MYC gene expression in cancer cells. This research provides insights into the design of metal ligands that target oncogene G4 DNA. [Extracted from the article]

A recent research study conducted by Southern Medical University in Guangzhou, China, has developed a novel method for detecting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in serum. HER2 is associated with aggressive breast cancer and poor clinical outcomes. The researchers used a combination of aptamer with C-Ag+-C structure, Ag+-released hybridization chain reaction (Ag+-HCR), and coprecipitation of Ag+ and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to detect HER2. The method demonstrated high sensitivity and accuracy, and it has the potential to be extended for detecting other cancer-related proteins and genes. The research has been peer-reviewed and published in Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine in China evaluated the diagnostic value of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) levels in pleural effusion (PE) and serum for classifying different types of pleural effusions. The study analyzed 99 patients with PE and found that significantly elevated levels of CEA in PE and serum were observed in malignant pleural effusion (MPE) compared to benign and tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE). Conversely, IFN-gamma levels in PE and serum were markedly higher in the TPE group. The study concluded that the PE/serum ratio of these biomarkers enhances diagnostic accuracy and may facilitate earlier and more accurate therapeutic interventions. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou, China, highlights the success of metronomic chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer. Metronomic chemotherapy, which involves chronic administration of low-dose regimens, has shown fewer adverse events while effectively controlling the disease. The therapy has been found to have antiangiogenic properties, impact cancer cells directly, modulate the tumor microenvironment, and reprogram metabolism. The report also discusses potential combinations with other therapies and the health-economic advantages of metronomic chemotherapy. For more information, readers can refer to the article "Metronomic Chemotherapy In Cancer Treatment: New Wine In an Old Bottle" published in Theranostics. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Guangdong University of Technology in Guangzhou, China have discovered that a copper chelator called TDMQ20 has the potential to be an effective anticancer agent. The chelator inhibits the proliferation and migration of human cancer cells, and its mechanism of action involves the production of reactive oxygen species and induction of tumor cell apoptosis. The researchers believe that TDMQ20's ability to regulate copper homeostasis and its redox properties contribute to its anticancer activity. This research has been peer-reviewed and provides valuable insights into potential new treatments for cancer. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Southern Medical University in Guangzhou, China have developed a sensitive electrochemical platform for the detection of small extracellular vesicle associated circular RNAs (sEV-circRNAs), which are emerging as promising biomarkers for gastric cancer diagnosis. The platform utilizes tetrahedron-Dox-AuNPs (TDA) tag and DNA tetrahedron-enhanced catalytic hairpin assembly (DTCHA) to achieve low-concentration detection of the target. By profiling four sEV-circRNAs in a gastric cancer cohort and combining a suitable machine learning diagnostic model, the platform performed well in distinguishing healthy donors from early gastric cancer patients. This multi-biomarker approach with machine learning analysis shows promise as an important strategy for cancer screening. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou, China have conducted a study on the role of the JAK-STAT-SOCS1 axis in penile cancer. The study analyzed the altered expression processes of this axis in tumorigenesis, malignant progression, and lymphatic metastasis of penile cancer. The researchers observed an altered molecular expression of the JAK-STAT-SOCS1 axis during different stages of penile cancer and identified STAT4 as an important molecule in mediating the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. These findings provide valuable information for developing precise treatment strategies for patients with penile cancer. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the Guangdong Academy of Science in Guangzhou, China, has discovered a new compound called pararorine A, which is derived from an endophytic fungus found in a medicinal plant. The compound was found to have potent anti-tumor activity against various types of cancer cells. The researchers determined the structure of pararorine A through extensive spectroscopic analysis and evaluated its effectiveness against tumor cell lines. The results showed that pararorine A exhibited significant anti-tumor activity by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. This research has been peer-reviewed and published in the journal Fitoterapia. [Extracted from the article]

A research study conducted at the South China University of Technology has developed a new deep learning framework called MMSyn for predicting synergistic drug combinations. The study aimed to address the challenge of screening for effective drug combinations, which can be time-consuming and expensive. The MMSyn framework combines features extracted from drug molecules with gene expression data and pathway activity to predict drug synergy. Experimental results showed that MMSyn outperformed other deep learning and traditional machine learning models in predicting drug combinations. The study concludes that MMSyn can be a powerful tool for predicting synergistic drug combinations. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Guangzhou Medical University in China have conducted a study on lung cancer, which is the leading cause of cancer deaths globally. The study focused on the effects and mechanisms of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the development of lung cancer induced by the tobacco-specific carcinogen NNK. The researchers discovered that a specific lncRNA called PSMB8-AS1 was upregulated in NNK-induced transformed cells, and silencing this lncRNA reduced cell proliferation and migration, leading to cell cycle arrest. This study suggests that PSMB8-AS1 may play a role in the development of lung cancer and provides a potential new epigenetic mechanism for further exploration. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou, China, has developed a tool called the modulator of TMB-associated immune infiltration (MOTIF) to predict the extent of CD8+ T cell infiltration in tumors with high tumor mutational burden (TMB). The researchers found that high TMB levels do not always result in adequate CD8+ T cell infiltration, which may explain why some patients do not respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). MOTIF was able to accurately reflect the integrity and defects of the cancer-immunity cycle and provide insights into the roles of different cell types in modulating CD8+ T cell infiltration. The study also identified EMC3 as a negative regulator of CD8+ T cell infiltration. MOTIF could potentially guide the combination of programmed death 1 blockade with immunostimulatory drugs to improve ICI efficacy. The research was funded by various organizations and has been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou, China, aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FPCT) in detecting recurrent disease and the outcomes of salvage surgery in patients with locally advanced oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) after multimodal treatment. The study included 69 patients, with 36 in the recurrent TSCC group and 33 in the non-recurrent TSCC group. The results showed that FPCT parameters, such as maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG), were able to detect the recurrence of locally advanced TSCC after multimodal treatment. The study concluded that early salvage surgery can improve treatment outcomes for recurrent TSCC. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Guangzhou Medical University in China discusses the potential of a new approach to radiotherapy using nanozymes. Radiotherapy is a common treatment for cancer, but it can have toxic side effects and be less effective due to the unique characteristics of tumor microenvironments. The researchers propose a method that combines radiosensitization with manipulation of the tumor microenvironment to enhance the effectiveness of radiotherapy. They have developed a nanoplatform called MnO2@-NaGdF4:5%Nd@NaYbF4:20%Nd(MN) that can sensitize cancer cells to X-ray radiation, alleviate tumor hypoxia, and activate the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway. This two-pronged strategy shows promise for highly effective radiotherapy. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the South China University of Technology explored the efficacy and safety of resveratrol in the treatment of bladder cancer. The study found that resveratrol demonstrated superior efficacy compared to conventional anti-bladder cancer drugs. Additionally, resveratrol showed no adverse effects on patient-derived bladder urothelial organoids. The findings suggest that resveratrol, particularly in combination with other drugs, may serve as an alternative treatment option for bladder cancer management. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine in Guangzhou, China, has developed a new prognostic model for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a type of liver cancer. The model utilizes RNA editing data and unsupervised machine learning to accurately assess the risk of HCC. By compressing the high-dimensional RNA editing profile using a variational autoencoder (VAE), the researchers were able to cluster HCC patients based on their editing profile and identify a group of patients with immune dysregulation and enrichment in cell proliferation and cancer-related pathways. The model was validated using three independent cohorts and found to be more accurate than six other state-of-the-art competitors. The researchers also developed a nomogram, identified drug targets, prognosis-associated genes, and relevant pathways, which could pave the way for future studies on HCC's molecular mechanism and therapeutic targets. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at South China University of Technology have developed an automated segmentation algorithm for colorectal cancer (CRC) and colorectum in conventional contrast-enhanced CT scans. The algorithm, called DeepCRC-SL, utilizes a topology-aware deep learning-based approach to improve the continuity of the colorectum and differentiate CRC and colorectum tissues. The researchers validated the approach on a dataset of 227 labeled and 585 unlabeled CRC cases and found that it outperformed other segmentation methods, achieving a segmentation accuracy for CRC of 0.669 and colorectum of 0.892. This research has been peer-reviewed and published in IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at South China Normal University have developed a new approach to photothermal therapy for cancer using bifunctional N-doped carbon quantum dots (CQDs). The CQDs enable precise treatment of a single cancer cell by utilizing two-photon fluorescence guidance. The balanced two-photon absorption cross-section and photoluminescence quantum yield of the CQDs allow for fast and targeted treatment, minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissues. This research provides a new application scenario for CQDs in tumor ablation and has been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Guangdong Pharmaceutical University in Guangzhou, China have synthesized three new dibenzoxanthene compounds and investigated their antitumor activity. The compounds showed significant cytotoxicity to HeLa cells and were found to cause cell death through three pathways: apoptosis, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis. The compounds were also shown to produce singlet oxygen, inhibit cell cloning and migration, and affect mitochondrial function. This research provides valuable insights into potential treatments for cancer. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at the South China University of Technology explores the enzymatic synthesis of vitamin E succinate, a potential therapeutic agent for cancer treatment. The study focuses on the challenges associated with optimizing and scaling up the production of vitamin E succinate using lipases, particularly their poor stability in organic solvents. The researchers compare Lipase UM1 with three other immobilized commercial lipases and find that Lipase UM1 demonstrates enhanced resistance to organic solvents and superior efficiency in vitamin E succinate production. The study concludes that Lipase UM1 is a promising catalyst for industrial production of vitamin E succinate, with potential applications in cancer therapy. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Southern Medical University in Guangzhou, China discusses the importance of accurate prognostic parameters in prostate cancer patients. The study identified five genes related to lipid metabolism and oxidative stress that are associated with the biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer. A prognostic signature was established based on these genes, and further analysis revealed the underlying mechanisms and potential treatment options. The study concludes that ACOX2 could serve as a favorable indicator for the biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer, but further experiments are needed to understand the underlying mechanism. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Guangzhou Medical University in China have reported new data on colorectal signet-ring cell carcinoma (CR-SRCC), a highly malignant and rare form of cancer. The study focused on an 11-year-old boy with CR-SRCC who had an inherited X-linked KDM6AA694T mutation. The researchers found that this mutation impaired the activity of the H3K27me3 demethylase enzyme, leading to increased tumor malignancy and suppression of the immune response. The findings highlight the potential role of this mutation in facilitating tumor growth and immune escape in CR-SRCC. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou, China, explored the resistance of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). The researchers identified a germline mutation, USP36 rs3744797, which was associated with survival in NSCLC patients treated with gefitinib and erlotinib. The mutation upregulated USP36 expression and facilitated proliferation, migration, and resistance to EGFR-TKIs by upregulating MLLT3 expression. The study suggests that rs3744797 could serve as a predictive biomarker for EGFR-TKI response in NSCLC. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou, China, has identified a potential therapeutic strategy for bladder cancer. The study found that targeting the KAT8/YEATS4 axis can repress tumor growth and increase sensitivity to cisplatin treatment in bladder cancer cells. The researchers discovered that KAT8-mediated acetylation of YEATS4 prevents its degradation, and high levels of these proteins are associated with poor overall survival in bladder cancer patients. By suppressing YEATS4 acetylation with a KAT8 inhibitor, cell viability was reduced and bladder cancer cells became more sensitive to cisplatin treatment. This study provides valuable insights into the role of the KAT8/YEATS4 axis in bladder cancer and offers a potential novel therapeutic approach for patients. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Southern Medical University in Guangzhou, China aimed to develop a model to predict prognosis in rectal cancer patients who underwent neoadjuvant treatment. The study used a training cohort and a validation cohort of patients and extracted collagen features using multiphoton imaging. The researchers developed nomograms that included collagen signature, systemic immune-inflammation index, lymph node status, and tumor regression grade as predictors for disease-free survival and overall survival. The nomograms showed satisfactory discrimination and calibration and have the potential to be a useful tool for predicting individual prognosis in non-pathological complete response patients. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou, China, has explored the role of iron metabolism in cancer cells and its impact on immune cells. Abnormal iron metabolism has long been recognized as a key characteristic of cancer, contributing to tumor progression. The study discusses the interplay between iron metabolism in cancer cells and immune cells, and how it affects antitumor immunity. The researchers also analyze potential therapeutic approaches targeting iron metabolism. This research has been peer-reviewed and provides valuable insights into the complex relationship between iron metabolism and cancer. [Extracted from the article]