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The 5th Parul University International Conference on Engineering and Technology, PiCET-2023, will take place on May 5-6, 2023, in Vadodara, Gujarat, India. The conference, organized by the Faculty of Engineering and Technology at Parul University, aims to address the challenges and opportunities brought about by emerging technologies in engineering and its allied branches. The event will feature keynote lectures, research paper presentations, poster presentations, and technical deliberations. It also serves as a platform for industries and institutions to showcase their products, services, and groundbreaking research. The conference will cover various technical tracks, and a total of 69 papers have been selected for publication in AIP. The event will be attended by esteemed speakers, including Dr. T G Sitharam and Dr. Akhilesh Gupta, among others. [Extracted from the article]

The 7th International Conference on Science and Technology (ICST22) was recently held in Mataram City, Lombok, Indonesia. The conference aimed to provide a platform for researchers to discuss the current state of science and technology in various sectors. The conference featured keynote and invited speakers from reputable universities and institutions around the world. A total of 114 papers were accepted for presentation, and all articles will be published in AIP Conference Proceedings, indexed by Scopus and Web of Science databases. [Extracted from the article]

Self-cleaning and superhydrophic Al surfaces have high techniogical potential for many applications such as environmental sustainability reqirements when such surfaces can be easily washed, fished and cleaned, thereby, reduce energy and resources consumption and pollution. Superhydrophobic surfaces have drawn increasing interest as a potential remedy for the corrosion of metallic objects because of their exceptional water-repelling properties. The current essay provides an overview of the fundamental ideas underlying superhydrophobicity. Superhydrophobic surfaces anticorrosion defense methods are being critically discussed. Future work is urgently needed to extend these superhydrophobic surfaces' corrosion resistance for a variety of practical applications. In order to do this, various crucial techniques and illustrations for creating durable, self-healing, or inhibitor-loaded superhydrophobic surfaces are provided. The report examines the various processes used by different researchers to create superhydrophobic coatings. Important methods also included the buildup of material with low surface charge and the development of a surface layer. Both one step and numerous steps have been used to complete them. As no special equipment is needed, the procedure is quite straightforward, and it can be done on an industrial scale, immersion is the simplest approach that has been recorded. Aluminum alloys can be oxidized with a combination of rough micro and nanoscale structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Photographic lens is an invention to duplicate human eye functions and operations. Starting with seeing and focusing the object, the lens then transmits lights containing information of the scene such as colours, brightness and shapes to the digital sensor or photographic film. To produce such invention, it comprises complex steps which include material selection and processing, lens machining and finishing. Being the first of its kind, this paper will review the roles of process systems engineering (PSE) in the manufacturing of sustainable photographic lens from R&D and commercial angles. The review will detail PSE contributions for each of the step and highlights the related challenges in implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silver quantum dots are synthesized from aqueous AgNO3 solution by employing biological reduction using Tamarindus indica leaf extract in different compositions. The prepared quantum dots were analyzed experimentally by employing UV-visible Spectroscopy, HRTEM, and FTIR techniques. UV-vis experimental data was employed to calculate the optical band gap of different samples. Effective engineering of optical band gap and nanostructure is achieved by the method of green synthesis. HRTEM analysis indicated the formation of quantum dots with particles of spherical shape with an average size of 10 nm. FTIR measurements were carried out to identify the possible biomolecules responsible for capping and efficient stabilization of the Ag metal nanoparticles in the present study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fifth Parul University International Conference on Engineering & Technology (PICET) was successfully held on May 5th and 6th, 2023, at Parul University in Gujarat, India. The conference focused on the theme of "Smart & Sustainable Developments in Engineering and Technology" and aimed to provide a global platform for scholars, researchers, and scientists to discuss current research and advanced methodologies in engineering. The conference included keynote addresses, technical sessions, and a start-up exhibition. A total of 69 papers were selected for publication in the AIP Conference Proceedings, and over 300 attendees participated in the conference. The organizers expressed gratitude to all those who contributed to the event. [Extracted from the article]

Environmental concern has primarily focused on manufacturing setups. Overall, countries work towards a sustainable lifestyle and development to reduce their carbon footprint. The world is now witnessing sustainability trends in the health Sector as well. The Healthcare sector worldwide is characterized by the consumption of a significant number of resources. It should be the health care organisation (HCO)'s primary responsibility to keep a check on carbon footprint and assess environmental sustainability. Worldwide there exists a standard rating system that provides green certifications. A major Indian population is below the poverty line, illiteracy contributes to unawareness in people as consequence healthcare organizations suffer in India. The present study aims to examine and understand the basics of green hospitals, various dimensions responsible to achieve green status, importance and correlation of these dimensions. It aims to examine the fundamentals of Green HCO, the various dimensions, barriers and a way forward to benign HC establishments in India. This work emphasizes the environmental, economic, health and community benefits of sustainability for the health care sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a case study of a new environmental engineering course geared towards lifelong learning and addressing the specificities of adult learners. Knowles, Mezirow and others have made quite clear the characteristics of such learners, but the methodology and implementation is up to the instructor. One can also draw from the works of Herrington and others on authentic learning when designing new content geared towards lifelong learners. In this case study, I describe how I have integrated those various concepts, also taking into account the engineering accreditation board's criteria, to set up a new module geared towards lifelong learners in an environmental sustainability engineering Graduate Certificate at the National University of Singapore. Though the interpretation of the results is limited by the small class size, the student feedback gathered informally hinted that the strategy implemented in this course met the demands of these adult learners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document is a preface for the 4th International Conference on Green Engineering & Technology 2022 (ICONGETECH 2022) held in Seoul, Korea on November 17-18, 2022. The conference aims to provide a platform for researchers, engineers, and scientists from around the world to present new advances and research results in the fields of green engineering and related technology. The objectives of the conference include facilitating the exchange of ideas and research findings, promoting communication between academia and industries, and fostering collaborations among researchers. The document also provides information about the proceedings of the conference. [Extracted from the article]

The 2nd International Seminar of Science and Technology (ISST) was held as a hybrid conference at the Universitas Terbuka Convention Center. The conference aimed to provide a platform for scholars, researchers, and industry professionals to present their ideas and findings in various fields of expertise to support innovation in science and technology. The conference addressed topics such as computer science, innovation technology, mathematics, statistics, blockchain technology, data science, environmental engineering, and sustainable development. The goal was to contribute to the advancement towards a more sustainable society known as society 5.0. [Extracted from the article]

The document is a preface to the 1st International Conference on Artificial Intelligent Systems for Sustainable Solutions (AIS3 2023). The conference, organized by the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering at C Abdul Hakeem College of Engineering and Technology in India, focused on the applications of artificial intelligence systems for sustainable engineering solutions. The conference covered various topics such as computer vision, data analytics, communication networks, IoT, renewable energy, security and surveillance, healthcare, industry 4.0, and smart cities. Keynote speeches were given by Dr. Muhammad Usman from Edge Hill University in the United Kingdom and Dr. Jobin Christ from Rajalakshmi Engineering College in Tamil Nadu, India. Out of more than 50 papers received, only 28 were selected for publication. The document is published by AIP Publishing. [Extracted from the article]

The term 'Nanocellulose' has increasing interest with diverse applications in the areas of substantial science, biomedical and food engineering due to its sustainable nature, anisotropic arrangement, outstanding mechanical properties, good biocompatibility, customizable surface chemistry, and fascinating optical properties. These tiny nanocellulose fibers, from versatile optoelectronics to tissue regeneration scaffolds, have immense potential in many applications. Nanocellulose hydrogels are highly hydrous permeable cellulosic softer materials with good mechanical possessions. This paper addresses key areas of nanocellulose science, such as modifications of surface, foams and films, hydrogels, medical devices, nanocomposites and applications for packaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silver quantum dots are prepared from aqueous AgNO3 solution by employing biological reduction using allium cepa extract under different compositions. The prepared quantum dots were analyzed experimentally by employing UV -visible Spectroscopy, HRTEM and FTIR techniques. The observed change in colour of mixture with composition is analyzed in detail. UV-visible experimental data was employed to calculate the optical band gap of different samples. Effective engineering of optical band gap is achieved by method of green synthesis. HRTEM analysis clearly indicated the formation of quantum dots through particles of spherical shape with average size of 10 nm. Crystallization of the obtained particles is confirmed as FCC of silver.FTIR measurements were carried out to identify the possible biomolecules responsible for capping and efficient stabilization of the Ag metal nanoparticles in the present study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research focuses on the environmental impact assessment and DFMA using CAD software tools. In terms of force, durability, and environmental degradation, it analysed the whole assembly's contents, taking account of carbon emissions, energy usage, air acidification and water eutrophication. Sustainable value engineering product development framework, using life cycle techniques combined with methods of sustainable value modelling and analytics. A theory of sustainable value was developed based on the meanings of the importance for community, society and the environment. Sometimes, traditional manufacturing is ignored for the possible gain (e.g. reduction of materials and improved product qualities). The inspired design of the industry creates new technologies, lean management and quality techniques advocate optimising productivity instead of re-designing for less usage of resources, improved functionality and less effect on the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plastic waste is one of the biggest environmental problems worldwide, including in Indonesia. A community based initiative such as the waste bank is seen by many as a potential player contributing toward the alleviation of the problem. However, their sustainability in operation is very dependent on the plastic selling price which constantly fluctuates. The conversion of plastic waste, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) into a higher value product by the use of a shredder and an extruder can help this matter. An extruder is a machine which can produce plastic filaments by applying a heat to the inputted shredded plastic wastes. In this work, a simple, low-cost extruder designed to be suitable to the condition of the developing nations is developed. A simple control system is applied to the system for a better temperature output. The produced filament is evaluated for consistency of density and diameter under varied temperature. The optimum temperature found is 200oC and the produced filament is observed to be within a reasonable degree of consistency in terms of diameter with an error in the range of 20%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses on the effect of rubberized concrete in the form of hybrid i.e. first (top) layer (only rubberized) and second (bottom) layer (conventional concrete with fibre. A total of eight beams with the size of 150×200 mm in cross-section and length 1000 mm, were tested experimentally over an effective span of 900 mm. The crumb rubber aggregate was used instead of sand river as partial replacement of 10%, 12.5%, and 15% by volume at the top layer. Steel fibers were used, namely hooked-end fibers with an aspect ratio of 80 with an amount of 0.5% by volume at the bottom layer. The performance of hybrid structure of all models beams was evaluated under static responses in terms of mechanical properties (split tensile strength and compressive strength) and beams characteristics including cracks behavior, flexural strength, cracking and ultimate load, total energy, stiffness, and ultimate deflection, strain capacity, and ductility index. This types of modeling (hybrid structure) have shown a promising performance in the most characteristics compared to the controlled model with non-additional materials. Those explorations can lead to new applications of this particular models with these material in engineering sustainable structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SiGe being one of the most diverse, emerging and richest material for MOSFETs is alluring the scientist due to its unique characteristics like high performance, high surface channel mobility and low threshold voltage as compare to that of silicon MOSFETs. In spite of so much cruciality, the performance of SiGe MOSFETs is being controlled by several factors like resistance and junction depth. These factors urged scientists to not relieve on the traditional methods of junction meteorology to utilize the actual potential and high performance of SiGe MOSFETs in terms of their application. Hence, a paradigm shift in junction engineering is being observed during last few years and discussed. The main focus of this paper is to highlight junction metrologies (ion implantation and annealing) that were tested on SiGe MOSFETs and to propose the most efficient and sustainable technique of junction engineering for high performance applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, alternative education systems have been investigated in order to provide engineering education and general vocational education in accordance with the requirements of modern age at both secondary and high education levels. After different vocational education practices in the world have been mentioned, the impact of starting engineering education in high school has been measured by “causal-comparative” method in order to educate more qualified and high practice skilled engineers in engineering faculties. For this purpose, the success of the students who entered engineering faculty as a graduate of vocational high school was compared with the other students. The effects of engineering students’ taking vocational courses at high school level were analyzed with graphs and it is found that it is more beneficial for engineering students to have vocational education at high school level. For a more developed industry, various suggestions have been made for the training of engineers who make up the executive and expert staff and the technicians who make up the labor force. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Common opinion of educators in engineering education is the need for innovations in existing teaching and learning strategies by implementing the latest achievements of information and communication technologies (ICT) supporting teaching, learning and assessment processes. As employers’ requirements are constantly increasing, graduates need to get used to evolve and develop their skills for acquiring knowledge, independent learning, critical thinking, innovation competence, networking, creativity, effective time management. Online teaching and learning forms provide nowadays this opportunity. The TeSLA system as an innovative enhancement of virtual learning environments, provides students and teachers with the opportunity for trust-based eAssessment process with guaranteed quality, thus completing the online learning triad. Current paper shares the innovation results for teaching and assessment practices based on the experience gained by the Technical university of Sofia (TUS) when performing eAssessment in engineering courses supported by the TeSLA authentication and authorship analysis system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

eAssessment of students in engineering courses is specific due to the nature of the teaching, learning and examination process in technical education in general. Students need to write program codes, design electronic schemes, solve mathematical problems, analyze performance of engineering devices, describe solutions graphically, etc. Online assessment has to support the correct authentication of the examinee for guaranteeing trusted online examination process. The TeSLA eAuthentication and authorship analysis system provides a variety of biometric instruments for students’ authentication. Current paper aims to analyze the results of the application of combinations of TeSLA authentication instruments in different engineering and fundamental courses and assessment activities during the pilots of the system conducted at the Technical University of Sofia. The experience gained can be implemented for ensuring trustworthy eAssessment process for students in other engineering courses and assessment activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing world population and natural resource limitations has led to a growing demand for more efficient structural systems to achieve a sustainable economy and society. Cold-formed steel CFS) Structural systems are increasingly adopted as primary or secondary structural members in modern building construction because of their light weight, speed of construction, recyclability, and sustainability. However, the inherently low buckling resistance of thin sections results in relatively low strength and ductility in CFS elements, which limits their performance in tall buildings and under extreme loading events. The pre-engineered steel building system construction has great advantages to the single storey buildings, practical and efficient alternative to conventional buildings, the System representing one central model within multiple disciplines. Pre-engineered building creates and maintains in real time multidimensional, data rich views through a project support is currently being implemented by Staad pro software packages for design and engineering. In this research work we will design Industry using analysis tool Staad. pro and use novel cold formed steel structure and compare it with general steel available in Indian market. Here we will compare both in terms of strength and weight of structure with bolted and welded connections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global challenges are increasing in complexity. Some of these key challenges are expressed in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and the National Academy of Engineering’s Grand Challenges. With regards to these challenges, engineers have a vital role to play. Therefore, it is necessary for their training to ensure that they possess the requisite capability. In view of this, a more holistic educational approach, one that emphasizes both the informative and transformative aspects of learning is expected to be necessary. This is because expertise in technological innovation alone may not be wholly adequate due to the complexity of the challenges. The solutions are expected to entail a more holistic approach in which engineers are required to understand the broader context in which technological solutions are situated, appreciate the multi and interdisciplinary nature of the complexity, be able to harness resources to confront them as well as possess an underlying passion, desire and belief to overcome these challenges. Transformative learning differs from informative learning in that its aim is not about adding to a person’s store of knowledge but is about facilitating changes to the person’s worldview, self, epistemology, ontology, behavior or capacity. This paper seeks to review literature on transformative learning theory and to derive some insight into its potential application in engineering education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last few decades, tourism has grown and developed yet it brings negative impacts on the environment and society, especially related to garbage problems that strongly depend on human behavior. The present study aimed at identifying factors that trigger tourist to litter and to preserve cleanliness, namely negative attributes and positive attributes. Important attributes were obtained through Pareto diagram and used to generate product design. To specify the design, Kansei Engineering Type I and TRIZ were applied. Important negative attributes (NA1, NA2, and NA3) and positive attributes (PA1, PA2, PA3, PA4, PA5, PA6, and PA7) generated attractive product design, i.e., trash bin and appeal board that will attract the tourist because of the uniqueness and moving objects. Furthermore, the collected Kansei words, i.e., unique, innovative, safe, and noticeable, which were applied to develop the specification of the product. Lastly, TRIZ was applied to solve the contradiction between shape and durability, hence principle 26 and 25 were employed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was conducted to determined the effect of personality traits on innovative behaviour. To achieved this goal, 93 students from faculty of engineering were selected. This study is used the Five Factor Model (Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Neuroticism and Openness to experience) to measured personality traits while Innovation Behavior (IB) was to measured student’s innovative behavior. The results revealed that all personality trait were positively related to Innovative Behaviour. Multiple regression analysis showed that only Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion can be explained by innovative behaviour. Whereas, openness to experience was not significant under this analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims at designing the solar power system for ecological conservation, i.e., sea turtle conservation at the Banyuwangi Sea Turtle Foundation (BSTF), which requires electricity for the pump station, heating and lighting. The solar power system design was aided with the daily solar irradiance derived from sunshine duration data from 1980 to 2018. Mann-Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimator were applied to estimate the rate of long-term of solar irradiance. The results reveal that the solar irradiance is generally higher in December, January, and April, and shows no significant trend. The average of solar irradiance during the dry and wet season is 5.03 and 4.58 kWh/m²/day, respectively. Using the geographical data of BTSF, approximately 943 m² area can be exploited for the solar power system. The simulation using PVsyst predicts an energy production up to 198.4 MWh/year which can be generated from the proposed system. Despite the higher levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) of the solar power system, i.e., USD 0.32/kWh, the LCOE tends to decrease in the upcoming years due to increased performance of solar PV and batteries. Furthermore, the development of the solar power system for sea turtle conservation is necessary to promote sustainable energy for a sustainable environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green Procurement (GP) involved the environmental friendly practices in the process of acquiring and purchasing of materials and resources that is needed for the construction works, starts from the extracted raw materials until the supply chain. The rapid increase in growth of the industrial and the building sector in Malaysia has put a great deal of strain on the environment, as pollution rates constantly rise with an obvious example in the haze that happens on annual basis, which puts more pressure on the government to enforce green options of procurement, especially in the construction and building sector. As Malaysia has recently begun adopting GP methods of purchasing, researchers all over the world are urged to analyze the issues facing to the adoption. The purpose of this paper is to point the extent and relevance of GP implementation in building and construction sector in Malaysia. This paper also aims to help building and construction companies in Malaysia to develop better performances through the understanding of the importance and benefits of putting into practice the GP. The research analyzed the opinions of the contractors in Malaysia in terms of their willingness to comply towards the implementation of GP. The results should also give an insight on the effects of Government policies as well as LEED and GBI compliances toward the GP implementation in Malaysia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Construction is one of the major industries that contribute a large portion of GDP to a country. However, at the same time, construction activities had a significant effect on the environment. Thus, the government all around the world, including Malaysia, is moving towards a more environmentally sustainable construction or green construction. However, there have been numerous reports indicating that this movement had not been effective, which may be due to a number of barriers. This study used the established method of KAP to determine the barriers for contractors in Malaysia in practicing green construction. Based on the study, it was found that while knowledge of green construction may not be a problem for the contractors in Malaysia, the impact of green construction on the time and cost of the construction project may be the significant barrier in the implementation of green construction. Thus, in moving towards green construction, the government of Malaysia needs to focus on the issues of time and cost of the implementation of green construction through aid such as financial incentives and expertise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Waste heat recovery is considered as an efficient way to increase carbon-free green energy utilization and to reduce greenhouse gas emission. Especially in urban area, several sources such as sewage water, industrial process, waste incinerator plants, etc., are still rarely explored. Their integration into a district heating system providing heating and/or domestic hot water could be beneficial for both energy companies and local governments. EFFICACITY, a French research institute focused on urban energy transition, has developed an estimation tool for different waste heat sources potentially explored in a sustainable city. This article presents the development method of such a decision making tool which, by giving both energetic and economic analysis, helps local communities and energy service companies to make preliminary studies in heat recovery projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new scheme of generating power called magnesium injection cycle [MAGIC] engine was developed. Magnesium [Mg] and water are put into the chamber and ignited at 500 degree Celsius. Mg reaction with water produces hydrogen [H2] gas. The hydrogen blows out and reacts with oxygen [O2] gas to generate H2O and energy at the exit nozzle. These reactions occur simultaneously and generate thrust. In order to reproduce Mg, the residual MgO is irradiated by focused cw CO2 laser (1000 W) at 20 Pa. Then, high temperature (over 4000 degree Celsius) is exerted in tiny spot thus MgO reduction in equilibrium is achievable. Spectroscopic analysis was conducted on the Mg/MgO vapor under atmospheric condition. The Mg line at 518 nm, MgO line at 500 nm and O+ line were confirmed. This proves that the MgO is dissociated by laser irradiation These experiments confirm that the scheme can be used for magnesium energy cycle system with practical efficiency and large throughput. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]