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It has been shown that explosives demonstrate altered sensitivity to their shock to detonation transition (SDT) with temperature [1-7]. The reactive flow model eXtended Variable Reactive Burn (XHVRB) in Sandia's shock physics code CTH [8] has been shown previously to capture changes in explosive sensitivity with initial density [9]. This capability has been extended to capture changes in explosive sensitivity with initial temperature and will be demonstrated on a set of previously published embedded gage data for the explosive PBX-9502 [1-7]. The capability includes the ability to model explosives with a temperature gradient, wherein the model will update the sensitivity of each cell of explosive in the code based on its initial temperature, and the effects of graded temperature on explosive performance can be captured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past decades, high power lasers have been extensively used to generate extreme dynamic compression for high-energy-density (HED) physics applications. For this reason, CEA has developed a new laser shock facility called GCLT (French acronym for portable laser shock driver), dedicated to the study of materials response to high amplitude and short duration compressions. This laser system can generate pulses with a duration ranging between 4 and 100 ns with a maximum energy up to 150 J at 1053 nm. The temporal profile of the pulse can be adjusted at will, by steps of 125 ps, thus allowing to generate many different kinds of compressions (single or double shocks, shock-full release-reshock, ramp compressions, ...). Homogeneous spatial distribution of energy for focal spot diameter comprised between 100 µm and 5 mm can be achieved by means of various random phase plates. The laser is portable, which allows to both perform experiments on hazardous materials at specific installations, or to benefit from other diagnostics or sources which are not available at CEA. In this work, we present the current capabilities of the facility, an overview of the available diagnostics, and some examples of experiments performed on various themes and installations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Year by year, the demand for recycling energy is raising up. As a result, the usage of solar panels have been growing up. In this presentation, we will create model of solar photoelectric module with program MATLAB. We have started to program model of solar panels' main aspects and qualities of photovoltaic effects of progress modeling physics of semiconductor. To this purpose, we will make form of whole module by using photovoltaic effects. First, we saw model by the main formula account measurement of photocurrent. Then, we gathered every model assesses (shunt resistance current, saturation current and reverse saturation current) turn by turn. By adding to this panel 200-Watt- panels, given assessed amount of solar lights and temperature, exchanged electric parameters of photoelectric module. We have found maximal measures of current and voltage because of this special algorithm. As a consequences, affecting variety of solar lightening and temperature, we took characteristics of volt-ampere and volt-power, studied their extensive effects of current and voltage. We can see, the normal condition of temperature for the solar panels recognized as 25°C and solar lightening as 1000 W/m². [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This scientific article is devoted to conducting a physical laboratory with a virtual experiment. Direct presentation of physical laboratories in accordance with the requirements of the time creates many difficulties. Therefore, there is a need to develop virtual laboratories through virtual experiments to create an exhibition environment for students. In this scientific article, gravitational accelerations are measured and calculated using virtual experiments on various planets and their satellites. Under the same conditions, a virtual experiment was conducted to determine the acceleration of gravity on several planets and in different natural satellites. The length of the thread of the oscillating mathematical pendulum and the number of oscillations were the same for all objects under study. As a result, the accelerations of free fall of planets and their satellites were determined in a virtual experiment. Another scientific feature of this scientific article is that it is absolutely impossible to conduct a real experiment on some planets and natural satellites, therefore the experimental results obtained using a virtual experiment determine the novelty of the scientific article. The accuracy of the experiment, the determination of free fall accelerations on the Earth and the Moon in the virtual experiment and the agreement of the experimental results obtained with generally known values confirms the accuracy of the measurements of the rest of the virtual experiment. The authors also developed and prepared for publication virtual experimental laboratories in English and Russian for domestic and foreign students studying general physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water management at high current densities poses a significant technological challenge for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs). Accumulation of water generated by the oxygen reduction reaction can impede oxygen transport and lead to substantial concentration overpotential, limiting cell performance. Therefore, precise modeling of cell physics and optimization of electrode structures for effective water management are vital to enhance PEFC performance. In this study, a 3D model was developed to simulate phenomena occurring at the cathode of PEFCs. The mathematical model, implemented using FreeFEM++, enabled analysis of intricate interactions within the PEFC cathode, including water and mass transport, as well as various reactions. The model consisted of three components, a gas diffusion layer, microporous layer, and catalyst layer. To model potential real-world scenarios, micro-scale cracks were intentionally introduced to the microporous layer, mimicking fabrication-induced heterogeneities. Contrary to previous studies that typically avoided heterogeneities, this research revealed that under certain circumstances, micro-scale cracks can enhance cell performance, especially when perforations were incorporated into the gas diffusion layer. In our previous work, it was observed that isolated cracks located under the rib structure resulted in water flooding, hampering oxygen access. Therefore, interconnected cracks in this study were identified as a favorable configuration, emphasizing the need to develop fabrication processes enabling controlled crack connections at minimal or no additional cost. Such advancements hold promise for future PEFC development, paving the way towards improved performance and efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work extensively explores the influence of temperature on physical properties of Polylactic Acid (PLA) materials fabricated through Additive Manufacturing (AM). The review works compile various studies carried out on PLA's materials under different thermal conditions, emphasizing its role as a biodegradable and easily printable material for 3D printing. The work also delves into experimental studies conducted on PLA materials, analyzing varying temperatures on mechanical strength, deformation characteristics, and heat resistance. Additionally, the review highlights all physics that lay behind the improvement of mechanical behavior by examining other process parameters like temperature, layer thickness, feed rate, and build orientation, in relation to mechanical properties of 3D-printed components. At last, the compile results are concluded by discussing the broader scope of Additive Manufacturing, including its current applications, challenges, and potential future advancements across diverse industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this work is to examine the possibilities of solving numerically the relativistic Dirac–Coulomb–Breit equation and provide predictions for some important properties of purely leptonic systems focusing on the Muonium (µ+e−) exotic leptonic atom. The investigation of bound-state energies and other properties of this exotic atom, is of fundamental interest in testing the Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) and in probing physics Beyond the Standard Model (BSM). In the next few years, high precision spectroscopy of Mu (Mu-MASS experiment) at PSI combined with ongoing hyper fine measurements of Mu (MUSEUM experiment) at J-PARC will provide one of the most sensitive tests of bound-state QED. These extremely sensitive experiments may probe new regions of the parameter space testing the existence of medium range spin-dependent and spin-independent dark forces between e− and µ+ for testing BSM physics. On the other hand, improvement of the accuracy is required for QED calculations in the 1S→2S transition of Mu by about one order of magnitude as well as for BSM predictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The potential identification of lepton number violation would signify a groundbreaking revelation with far-reaching implications for particle physics, and as such it has spurred an extensive experimental effort aiming for discovery of neutrinoless double beta decay. Despite the fact that this rare nuclear process represents a prominent test of the aforementioned fundamental symmetry, its observation, even in a variety of distinct isotopes, would not allow for pinpointing the underlying new physics. Hence, exploration of complementary probes of lepton number violation is vital. In the presented manuscript these possibilities are discussed in the realm of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT), focussing on the ΔL=2 dimension-7 operators beyond the electron flavour tested by neutrinoless double beta decay. The reviewed, updated and expanded constraints from low-energy observables are juxtaposed against limits derived from high-energy collider experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drop evaporation is a fundamental process in nature and is commonly seen in our daily lives. It has aroused the interest of scientists over the past two decades in the evaporation of drops containing colloids, polymer suspensions and microorganisms. Colloids, polymers and microorganisms of various shapes and compositions are usually presented everywhere. During the drying of these types of solutions, various factors interact such as the dynamics of the inner flow, dynamics of the contact line, evolution of the droplet profile and patterns formation. The main purpose of the present work is to investigate the mechanism of evaporation of droplet which contains active colloids and to understand patterns formation on substrates after evaporation of these drops. In our experiments, we demonstrated microorganisms or bacteria created disturbance on liquid-gas interface. Expansion of drop size was observed and dendrite-shaped patterns were seen on a glass substrate after evaporation of droplet. Here we found experimental evidence about the formation of complex patterns on a glass substrate as a result of polymer additives and active colloids. This research modifies the most irritating developments in the physics of active colloids, both in biological and living organisms, intending to understand the fundamental physiological processes regulating self-assembly and interactions. This information may be useful to readers or researchers for further studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emerging field of Fractals which has its background from Mathematics is also having a wide contribution in the fields of Theoretical Physics as well as Engineering and Technology. The proposed study is a genuine try in having a thorough discussion of existing Fractals for their various geometrical aspects as well as will focus on trying developing a new unique Fractal. Also, the study will extend towards the applications of Fractals in varied sense like Fractals based antenna designs, cooling systems etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of the linear response theory, we examine a non-Hermitian PT-symmetric model with imaginary mass that offers a one-dimensional realization of tachyon physics and describes excitations that are moving faster than the effective speed of light. Additionally, the system can be tuned from the tachyon regime to one with massless excitations with linear dispersion and one with gapped spectrum. We investigate the optical conductivity in all these phases in the presence of a weak external electrical field, and show the preservation of optical sum rules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics) is an approach that has emerged to address the demand for strong creative thinking. STEAM is an educational approach that seeks to integrate various scientific disciplines in physics learning to promote deep understanding and innovative thinking. This research method is quantitative using bibliometrics, which aims to analyze the development of STEAM in physics learning over the last 5 years. Specifically, STEAM metadata obtained from Scopus was then analyzed in the R Software database, with a focus on identifying the Annual Scientific Production, Average Citation Per Year, Source Production Over Time, Affiliations' Production Over Time, Country Production Over Time, and Trend Topics sections. The research results show that research in STEAM-based physics learning shows a significant increase in scientific production. Although average citations have fluctuated, contributions by institutions and countries have also increased, reflecting increased interest in developing STEAM approaches. These data confirm the positive potential of the STEAM approach in improving the quality of physics education and promoting the diversity of research contributors. It can be concluded that STEAM-based physics learning has received significant attention in the last 5 years and shows positive developments and potential to improve the quality of education in this discipline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Skills needed in the 21st century include critical thinking, communication, collaboration and creativity which can be developed through argumentation skills. Argumentation skills are very important for students to understand scientific concepts. Argumentation can be defined as the process of making claims and obtaining justification for the claims accompanied by evidence. The aim of this research is to analyze the distribution of journal research results, especially in publications, countries with the most publications, affiliates with the most publications and relevant journals that are very influential. The research method used is bibliometric analysis to provide graphic information, tables, diagrams and maps regarding statistical descriptions of literature from 45 articles published in reputable international journals that correlate with the theme of critical thinking skills in physics learning from 2007 to 2023. Results of the analysis shows that in 2019 the most publications were published with 12 articles published. Based on the countries that contributed to publishing articles related to argumentation skills in the field of physics education, most of the publications were contributed by authors from Indonesia, with 66 research published. Based on affiliation, Malang State University is the affiliate with the highest contribution, with 10 articles. This shows that this university has a significant impact. Meanwhile, based on the contribution of relevant sources, journals from the Journal of Physics Conference Series were ranked first with a total of 24 journals. This shows that the Journal of Physics: Conference Series has a significant impact on research. This source has become the center of attention in research related to the topic of argumentation abilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teachers need to use technology to make classroom learning more conducive and enjoyable. Understanding concepts serves as the foundation for teaching physics and can assist students in solving abstract difficulties. Students' conceptual knowledge can be increased by engaging in stimulating and enjoyable learning. Physics edutainment is physics learning that can help children in developing all abilities and skills, both physical and spiritual, through pleasant knowledge in a safe environment. The objective of this study is to examine the potential enhancement in students' understanding of physics principles following the implementation of the physics-edutainment e-module. The researchers employed a purposive sampling technique to gather a research sample comprising 26 students for a pre-experiment utilizing a one-group pretest-posttest design. Questionnaires and 15-question student concept comprehension exams were implemented to collect data. The data analysis obtained from 24 students provided 86.6% with the feasible category and n-gain test results of 0.58 with the variety of increasing students' conceptual understanding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia is a multicultural country with various local wisdom that can be integrated into physics learning. The purpose of this study is (1) to Analyze the distribution of Indonesian local wisdom in physics learning research, (2) to Analyze the research network and visualization of Indonesian local wisdom in physics learning research, and the contribution of local wisdom in physics learning (3) Analyze author collaboration and top counties Indonesian local wisdom in physics learning research. The bibliometric analysis uses VOSviewer with Scopus database in the 1986-2023 period. The result showed that researchers are more interested in publishing their articles at international conferences. The most chosen conferences and journals are UPINCASE 2020 and JPCS, with the most publishers being IoP Publishing and the most productive authors being Kuswanto H. and Misbah M. Research trends related to Indonesian local wisdom in physics learning increased in 2017-2020 the number of publications and the highest number of citations in 2017 and 2019 with articles that were trending from Indonesian authors "The development of physics teaching materials based on local wisdom to train Saraba Kawa characters." The integration of local wisdom of physics learning can be divided into three parts: content, learning material, and learning media. Author collaboration about physics and local wisdom can be divided into 5 clusters, and Indonesia is the most productive country in publishing documents. The recommended research about physics local wisdom is the content survey about cultural value in local wisdom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study employs bibliometric analysis to examine scientific research trends in culture-based physics learning from 2010 to 2023, using a dataset of 305 documents from the Scopus database processed via VOSviewer software. It reveals a fluctuating trajectory in scientific publications on culture-based physics learning, with a recent upsurge. Indonesia emerges as the leading contributor, with institutions like Yogyakarta State University and Bengkulu University among the top ten globally. Then, visualizing research trends on culture-based learning produces three main groups: (1) culture with physics, (2) Elements that influence research on culture-based physics learning, (3) Culture-based physics learning about the data collection process, and a secondary cluster: culture-based physics learning related to its supporting elements. Based on the results of the ranking of the journals that have contributed the most to research, namely the Journal of Physics Conference Series. These findings offer valuable insights into global trends in culture-based physics education, providing guidance for future research directions. Researchers can leverage this analysis to understand the evolving landscape of culture-based physics learning globally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Higher-order thinking skills are the ability of students to interpret their knowledge in solving a problem through the process of analysis, and evaluation to create ideas from the problems presented. This study aims to discover the development of the number of publications, the VOSviewer visualization, and the co-authorship mapping on higher-order thinking skills in physics from 2014-2023. Bibliometric analysis using the Scopus database for the keyword "Higher Order Thinking Skills in Physics" was analyzed using VOSviewer and Microsoft Excel. It was concluded that research with higher-order thinking skills in physics from 2014 to 2020 experienced an increase, then decreased from 2021 to 2023. The VOSviewer visualization on the Network visualization display forms 4 clusters. Dominated by keyword orders and HOTS. In Overlay visualization, the latest trends are content, learning processes, data analysis techniques, student worksheets, and physics concepts. Density visualization has an area mapping where the yellow indicates that research is often done on the keyword, while the blue indicates the keyword is not researched much. In the co-authorship mapping, Indonesia has the most research, with authors dominated by Setiawan A and Suhandi A. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to develop sound resonance measuring tools for an Android-based Sound Level Meter as an innovation in physics experimental tools in learning. This tool is designed to facilitate students' understanding of sound waves and sound resonance through interactive experiments. The resonance tube is the main component combined with the SLM Android microphone, sound system, wireless probe, and audio generator. This study evaluates the feasibility of the device through practical trials, which involve measuring the frequency and intensity of sound in a resonant tube. Practicum results data show that there is a significant increase in sound intensity along with an increase in frequency. This is consistent with the theory that frequency and intensity are directly proportional. However, the measurement results are also affected by factors such as the cross-sectional area of the resonant tube, the amplitude, and the material used. Based on this feasibility test, the SLM Android-based sound resonance tube measuring instrument was declared ready to be used in school physics learning. Thus, the SLM Android-based resonant tube measuring instrument is expected to increase the effectiveness of physics learning and provide a more exciting learning experience for students at school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to analyze the relationship between the local wisdom of gamelan (saron) and the concept of physics on sound waves and analyze the material's effect in gamelan on sound scales and resonance. This qualitative research conducted structured interviews with informants and analyzed the data obtained. In this article, the physics concept contained in the gamelan (saron) is obtained, namely the concept of sound waves. In gamelan, when hitting a blade after being hit, the saron blades are depicted so that the sound is not humming and the tone is clear. It is also related to the material for making saron which affects the sound produced or sound quality. Each blade or scale on the saron is different from the thinnest to the thickest. This article concluded that gamelan is related to physics learning, namely sound waves. The materials and ladder blades in the saron affect the sound quality. Gamelan teaches Javanese cultural values as a benchmark for the height or civilisation of a nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Indonesia, many regions have traditions that are called customs or local wisdom. This study aims to analyse the concept of fluid physics in the Javanese local wisdom tradition known as "Larung Sembonyo". It is a community tradition that is carried out as an expression of gratitude, a request for smooth farming and abundant marine products. The concept of fluid physics that dominates in this tradition is Archimedes' law. Besides that, other concepts that support the course of this tradition are sea waves, effort, and energy. The method used in this research is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The analysis was carried out by identifying the concepts of fluid physics contained in Larung Sembonyo and explaining the relationship between these physics concepts and aspects of tradition. Relevant physics concepts include the buoyant force that keeps the boat afloat on the surface of the water, boat motion that is affected by water currents, and boat stability in preventing overturning or overturning during the launching process. This understanding can help appreciate aspects of physics in local wisdom traditions and relate them to more general physics knowledge. This research can also provide new insights into how physics concepts are applied in the context of local culture and traditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents a study of students' interest in science and the identification of interesting topics not covered in physics classes. 136 8th and 9th grade students from a particular primary school in Slovenia participated in the survey. The results show that primary school students find it interesting to learn about contemporary physics. Gender and interest in science influence students' choices of what topics they find interesting and their responses to lessons on the selected most interesting topic in physics. Specifically, of the seven proposed topics briefly presented to the students (radioactivity, liquid crystals, physics in medicine, astronomy, energy sources, technical devices, and hydrogels), radioactivity proved to be the most interesting. Most students would like to learn more about the findings of contemporary physics, while one in three students would like to take an elective. For female students, physics in medicine ranked first in interest, while for male students, radioactivity ranked first. Students found school lessons on radioactivity interesting. The results indicate that students want to learn about the content of contemporary physics and that such topics are more attractive to them than the content of regular physics classes, which is also shown in the evaluation of the most popular topic, radioactivity. The research indirectly appeals to teachers to include contemporary physics topics in physics classes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper considers issues related to the theoretical study of electromagnetic phenomena in a certain stationary coordinate system in various variations. The use of electromagnetic force, controlled, easy to handle, which is applicable in a wide variety of sites and devices. The main attention is directed to the analysis of a number of phenomena from the simplest electrical moments, and also in a more complex understanding are presented as the forces of the most powerful attraction, expressed as a very topical issue. It is these aspects that are considered in this study. Of course, the image of such a performance is precisely the electromagnetic design, the physics of which is built from the initial ideas about electromagnetism. The developed theoretical framework is also used to analyze a large number of phenomena, each of which requires its own analysis in all parameters. The description of the algorithm created at the moment is given in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Misconceptions were one of the problems in understanding physics concepts at the elementary, junior, senior high schools, and even college levels. The purpose of this study was to identify and describe the misconceptions that occur in physics learning. The method used in this study was literature study. The analysis technique used in this study was comparing the strenghts and weaknesses of the articles obtained. In this case, 10 articles were found and used from 2012 to 2019. The results showed that students' understanding of physics topics were still very low, which was due to initial misconceptions. The topics that were still frequently contain misconception included physical quantity and unit, mechanics, work and energy, electricity, optics, and magnetism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Face-to-face learning in schools is carried out on a limited basis by the provisions and permission of parents. Teachers can apply flipped learning models in current teaching. The flipped learning is supplied by a physics e-module. This study aims to investigate whether flipped learning-based physics e-modules may benefit students in studying quantities and measurements. The type of this research is pre-experimental with one group pretest-posttest design. Students of class X Mathematics and Natural Sciences in Wolowae Indonesia are involved in applied physics learning with physics e-module. Data were collected using a conceptual understanding test, namely pretest and posttest. The pretest and posttest data were analyzed using statistical tests and N-Gain tests. The results showed that the implementation of learning with flipped learning-based physics e-module showed kind results. Learning with physics e-module can increase the conceptual understanding of class X students, especially in quantity and measurement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed to produce an integrated 2D augmented reality physics e-worksheet that is feasible to be developed in physics learning on momentum and impulse material and to improve student's mathematical representation ability. This was a research and development (R&D) with a 4D model (define, design, develop, and disseminate) method. Sampling in this study were students of class X MIPA 5 (as a limited test class) and X MIPA 3 (as broad test class) at Public Senior High School 1 Sedayu. The conclusion of this research was that learning physics using the integrated Augmented Reality 2D physics e-worksheet media was feasible to be developed based on the results of the validation carried out with a value of 4.3 in the very good category. The media can improve student's mathematical representation ability by the normalized gain value in the limited test class of 0.62 (medium category) and in the broad test class of 0.71 (high category). This learning media is feasible to be used in distance learning and face-to-face learning conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to develop a student worksheet with a discovery learning-STEM model on dynamic electric material to build on students' problem-solving skills in YAPPI Wonosari Vocational High school. The method used is R&D with a 4-D model that includes defining, designing, developing, and disseminating. The instruments used include validation sheets and tests—data in a physics worksheet to improve students' problem-solving skills. This study's data collection methods contain expert validation, observation, pre-test, and post-test—the data analysis using the sign test. The results showed that 1) the development of student worksheets with discovery learning-STEM on dynamic electric material was feasible in terms of the validation results. This can be seen from the results of validation that show the feasibility of physics worksheets for improving problem-solving skills is in the excellent category, and 2) the effectiveness of using physics worksheet with discovery learning-STEM based on data obtained from the pre-test and post-test results can improve problem-solving skills as a problem in the implementation class. Thus, student worksheet developed with discovery learning STEM is compatible with improving problem-solving skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research was aims to determine physic module included: a) described of physics modules-based problem-solving skills and b) showed validation of physics modules. This research was research and development that used Alessi and Trollip model included plan, design, and developtment. This subject of this research was electrical engineering students in Banjarmasin State Polytechnic who received learning material of Fisika Terapan. The data collection technique was observation and validation of module. The instrument used non-test instrument namely an observation sheet and validation sheet that used likert scale. This research has only at the development stage that was validation test by validators. There are 63 students as samples to get pleminary data. The validation of physics modul has using nontest instrument that has provided an assessment of material and media aspect. Analysis of validity has used the average scores of valdator then that was described by existing categories. Analysis of reliability has used Alpha Cronbach with SPSS program. The results of this research showed: a) They are 37 students of 63 students who filled out a questionnarie that showed never do practicum of physics, so physics module based on problem solving skills was developt. Every stage on problem-based learning had facilitated on module which can be run in smartphone, b) the average score of validators in material aspects has obtained the average value 4.50 (very good category) with reliability index 0.833 that means physics module has reliabel. the average score of validators in media aspects has obtained the everage value 4.14 (good category) with reliability index 0.714 that means physics module is reliabel. Based on the result, physics module can be disseminated for electrical engineering students who received learning material in Applied Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to produce an electronic-based physics worksheets with the STSE (science, technology, society, and environment) approach to improve scientific literacy of high school students on sound wave material and knowing whether there is a significant effect of using this product to improve scientific literacy skills. The research method used is R&D with a 4D model and one group pretest-posttest design. The research population was 34 high school students in class XI. Data collection instruments used were pretest-posttest assessment sheets for students and product assessment questionnaires for experts. Based on the research results a product with very high category is obtained based on validators. And for the average pretest score is 22.4. Meanwhile, the posttest average value is 72.23 and it is known that the N gain value is 0.63, which is in the category quite effective for improving scientific literacy skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple experiment of vertical upward motion had been carried out using the smartphone-based Phyphox application (Phyphox app) and a ping-pong ball. A special feature of the Phyphox app utilized in this experiment was the acoustic stopwatch. This feature can measure the time duration between two sound signals using the sensor in the smartphone. This simple experiment coould be used for physics learning or practicum at the high school level. Because of its simplicity, this experiment could be conducted in long distance learning, especially in this pandemic situation. The objectives in this study were i) conducting an experiment of vertical upward motion using the Phyphox app and a ping-pong ball, ii) producing a graph of the height vs time (h vs t) for the vertical upward motion of the ping-pong ball, iii) determining the acceleration of gravity (g) from the h vs t graph, and iv) determining the initial speed (vo) of the ping-pong ball from the h vs t graph. The experiment was done by flicking the ping-pong ball from a height of h until it hit the surface of a book. The Phyphox app then measured the time of the ping-pong from being flicked until it hit the book. In this case, h was varied and the time duration of the ping-pong ball was determined. The experiment of vertical upaward motion of a ping-pong ball using the Phyhox app had produced a graph of h vs t. The results showed that g was obtained with a value of 10.1 m/s2 with a relative error of 3% and the vo of the ping-pong ball was 4.2 m/s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to produce an integrated physics e-book based on a contextual teaching and learning model that can be developed in physics learning on simple harmonic oscillation and improve students' mathematical representation skills. This research is an R and D with 4D models (define, design, develop and disseminate). The design of this research used pre-experimental with one group pretest-posttest. The samples of this research consisted of 26 students in Social Sciences class X as implementation class and 17 students in Natural Sciences class X as a modelling class at one of the Senior High Schools in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The result of this research is the development of an integrated physics e-book with contextual teaching and learning models on simple harmonic oscillation topics suitable for use in physics learning with an average value of 3.75 in the excellent category. In addition, e-book media can improve students' mathematical representation skills with a value of sig (2-tailed) were 0.00 less than 0.05 in the modelling and implementation classes. This research can be used to implement online and offline learning in schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A Literature Study of Physics Practicum of Easy Experiments from Home During the Covid-19 Pandemic was performed to determine how physics practicum was conducted online during the Covid-19 pandemic. The data in this journal study is derived from pertinent theoretical research from the PoP (Pubhlis Or Peris) application. According to the research, physics practicum can be completed online by completing Virtual Labs and simple experiments from home. The results of the Literature Review Study reveal that physics practicum is done in 3 methods, namely planning, implementation, and reporting, by completing basic experiments from home with supplies and procedures produced and established by the teacher. Physics practicum with Virtual Laboratories and experiments from home is a practicum solution that can be done during the covid-19 pandemic by utilizing electronic media and simple media that are easily obtained from home and can be made into simple practicum experiments from home during the covid-19 pandemic. This practicum is a solution for applying how to grasp physics concepts and content through practicum and is especially ideal for use during the Covid 19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Learning based on the Science, Technology, Engineering, And Mathematics (STEM) approach is increasingly popular with technological developments in this era. This study aims to see the influence of the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Approach in physics learning, as well as the feasibility of using STEM at the educational level. The method used in this study is quantitative descriptive with meta-analysis techniques. The population in this study was taken from the Web of Science (WOS) data base, DOAJ Journal, and SCOPUS journal. Until 196 articles were obtained related to the STEM approach in physics learning, by combining keywords from the SCOPUS database of 123 articles, the DOAJ database of 68 articles, and in the WoS database (Web of Science) as many as 5 research articles. The research was conducted by utilizing JASP as a research tool. Overall results are obtained with an estimated effect size of 0.891 (large effect category). This shows that the STEM approach can have a positive influence on physics learning as a whole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new applications of high performance computing based on the DSMC approach were presented in the Graeme Bird Plenary Lecture and are summarized in this paper. The paper first discusses the importance of bimodality in the velocity distribution function in characterizing unsteady shock oscillations as well as their role in understanding transitioning laminar shock-boundary layer flows. A second computational problem of the neutralization of a low-temperature ion beam plasma using the particle-in-cell approach is discussed and again the non-Maxwellian behavior of plasma electrons is shown to change the behavior of unsteady electron solitary waves. The paper looks both back and forwards in time and provides some assessment of the fundamental role of particle kinetic approaches in nonequilibrium gas dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Force and interactions are important content for students in Physics education. Several representations are used to describe the interaction of force. Various kinds of representations of forces and their interactions raise pros and cons, for example, in physics textbooks in Indonesia. We used content analysis on five physics books approved by the Indonesian Ministry of Education. The results show that the representations used are abstract and real representations, with Two-attached-forces as the most often founded. The representation does not explicitly mention interaction and the action-reaction force. Several books decompose force, but just one has distinguished between the force and the component. Advice to physics textbook authors to pay sufficient attention to representations that facilitate a comprehensive understanding of Newton's Laws. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Luminescence is a widespread phenomenon; it finds its application in transport. A brief overview of the works carried out at the Department of Physics on the theory of radiationless energy transfer from excited particles-chromophores (energy donors - atoms, ions, molecules, quantum dots) to unexcited (energy acceptors) in various media (in solutions, crystals, fractals and linear polymer chains) is presented. Attention is focused on the impact of the statistics of the mutual arrangement of donors and acceptors in various media on the form of the luminescence decay kinetics I(t) of chromophores (donors). In particular, the influence of short-range (in liquids and glasses) and long-range (in crystals) orders in the arrangement of medium particles, as well as the Coulomb interaction of ions in solutions on I(t), is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to determine the need to develop a problem-based physics e-module with a flipped-classroom approach as an alternative learning medium to improve students' creative thinking ability and collaboration skills. This type of research is a preliminary study with qualitative research methods. This study involved 68 students from several schools in Bandar Lampung City. The instrument used is a questionnaire with 4 categories, totalling 10 statements. The research data obtained from the answers of each student were then analyzed descriptively. Based on the results of preliminary research and data analysis conducted, it showed that most students have low creative thinking ability and collaboration skills, and students strongly need to develop problem-based physics e-modules with a flipped-classroom approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Living Physics Portal (the Portal), an online, open-source environment, was developed by a user-centered design process to support physics faculty in finding, sharing and adapting curricular materials for interdisciplinary college physics courses. Unlike other digital libraries, community-building activities are central to the design and functioning of the Portal, so users have opportunities to engage in discussions and collaborative development of resources. First, Portal design re-envisions college physics teaching as a collaborative and community-oriented endeavor. Second, the Portal design explicitly acknowledges physics faculty's expertise in curriculum development. Third, Portal community activities and artifacts rely on users and participants to move forward with design, creating opportunities for physics faculty to substantially influence the future of the project. We report on details and purposes of the design, as well as empirical evaluation plans around its effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When academic institutions in India closed abruptly in March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, formal education moved online. This transition had a very uneven impact given the significant digital divide between rural and urban India and the unequal distribution of digital resources in different institutions. Access to resources varied substantially by individual, based on socioeconomic factors as well as gender. Institutional support to the academic community during this critical period was largely inadequate, which has had serious consequences on the teaching of physics and other subjects that require laboratory instruction. Educational institutions also provide safe and enabling learning spaces for women students; reduced access to such facilities undermined the work-and study-related dynamics for women because of the scarcity of resources such as devices, data and time. This paper reports on efforts made towards understanding such challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic, and describes steps that were taken to address them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides information, suggestions and resources for men, specifically cis-white men, to become allies, supporters and followers in the fight for equity and inclusion of women and underrepresented groups in physics in science, technology, engineering and mathematics fields in general and in society as a whole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The gender imbalance in physics higher education and advanced professions is a global problem, and India is not an exception. Although the issue has been acknowledged widely, discrimination needs to be recognized as the driving force for the same or behind it. The past three years have witnessed initiatives by different gender groups as well as the Government of India in addressing these lacunae. We report various activities, describe interventions, and present statistics indicating improvements achieved. The Gender in Physics Working Group has brought about significant gender reforms in the Indian Physics Association. The gender working group organized an open discussion on the issue of sexual harass-ment in physics professions for the first time in 2018. Subsequently, in 2019, the group organized the first-ever national conference on gender issues, Pressing for Progress. The deliberations of the conference culminated in the Hyderabad Charter, a roadmap towards gender equity in India. The Working Group for Gender Equity constituted under the Astronomical Society of India, also played an impactful role. At the government level, notable new initiatives include Gender Advancement through Transforming Institutions and the proposed Science and Technology Innovation Policy for mainstreaming equity and inclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since 2017, numerous activities have been undertaken to advance gender equity in physics in Canada. National programs, including the Dimensions charter of the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council, have increased awareness of equity, diversity, and inclusion issues. Donna Strickland won a Nobel prize in 2018, which also highlighted gender minorities in physics. The gender-based analysis of the Canada Research Chair program has led to an emphasis on accountability, transparency, and best practices in recruitment, hiring, and retention and has been mirrored by. which has positively impacted other university policies with respect to gender and underrepresented minorities. These initiatives promise to improve the status of gender equity in Canada in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The advantages of autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) masonry in terms of thermal properties and affordability have already been widely discussed. Nowadays, we are able to achieve the required thermal resistance of facades without the need to apply an external thermal insulation composite system on the entire surface. Decreasing the heat transfer coefficient is usually associated with increasing the proportion of pores in the material. However, this in turn adversely affects the sound insulation properties of simple partitions. Therefore, in effort to achieve the specific acoustic requirements of simple masonry AAC walls, structures of unacceptable thickness in practice may be designed. In this paper we present a study focused on the analysis of the dependence of the heat transfer coefficient resp. thermal resistance of structures and airborne sound insulation of simple walls based on AAC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to design a media for physics learning based on Android apps. The learning media are designed based on conceptual discussion, simulation, and video with mini-quizzes containing cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects. Android apps have been tested to be valid, practical, and effective for use in the classroom. The adopted model development is the ADDIE model which stand for Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation. The media were tested by physics education expert and experimented on a small group tests. Data were collected through questionnaires analyzed through descriptive statistics, interviews, and observations, and analyzed through qualitative analysis. The physics learning media was produced named Phy-Cast (Physics-Cast). The Android apps contain several senior high school physics topics namely discussing parabolic motion, fluid statics, and quantum phenomena. As a result of the study, it was found that Phy-Cast, physics learning media, has good compatibility, and there is no major problem when used. Phy-Cast has been tested in a small group, and the results have shown that the learning tool is valid, practical, and effective for use in the learning process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Capturing the entirety of possible high explosive performance outcomes given limited calibration data necessitates a full uncertainty quantification study. This is in contrast to the historical approach of fitting or calibrating a single deterministic physics model–which can be very loosely interpreted as the most likely outcome. As a step in the direction for providing high explosive equations of state with rigorous uncertainty modeling, we demonstrate an uncertainty quantification framework in the context of the high explosive Composition B. Our focus in this study is on the combined reactant and product equation of state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent high-pressure shock data on soda-lime glass (SLG) has been collected and added to the existing database for this material. This comprehensive dataset characterizing the shock response of SLG from elastic conditions through 120 GPa was aggregated and evaluated. Guided by key observations, particularly from the high-pressure data, a modified glass model equation of state (EOS) was developed and implemented within the CTH hydrocode. The details of this modified formulation and its parameterization for SLG are presented. Improved model capabilities are demonstrated through correlation to time-resolved measurements from plate impact tests spanning the full stress range. Additional interpretation of experimental results with tandem model calculations offers new insights into the complexities of SLG under shock compression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are sound reasons to question whether historical 1-dimensional DDT tube tests have captured all of the physics required to precisely describe the complex process of the deflagration-to-detonation transition, especially as it evolves in three dimensions. Foremost is the fact that a burning column of explosive, mechanically constrained inside a tube, is prohibited from experiencing divergence in the stress forces and flows. As a result, these tests miss the effects of tensile fracture and flame intrusion into the deflagrating explosive likely precluding, or underrepresenting, phenomena associated with crack burning and its effects on deflagration propagation and mass-burn-rate enhancement. To investigate how channeling and flow divergence affect the DDT process in >1 dimension, we designed a strongly confined 2-dimensional DDT test containing thin (2 mm) HE slabs, where ignition location and slab shape (e.g., circle, ellipse and circular sector) were varied. The reaction vessels had transparent windows enclosing the explosive's top surface and high-speed cameras were used to observe luminous flames, channeling, compaction, detonation transition and propagation within the explosive bed. In all but one case, DDT was the result of Mach stem formation, either by reflection at the confinement interface or at the intersection of colliding waves, to produce an amplified shock of sufficient strength to initiate detonation. This detail offers a significant refinement to the final steps of the widely accepted mechanism for DDT. We present novel image data and analysis describing the important differences in the mechanism for DDT in multiple dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work we propose a physics software, the brand "FizQuiZ", which contains objective evaluation items, organized in tests. In formulating the objects were targeted the competences and the content of the chapters that can be found in the Physics curriculum for gymnasium, at the sixth grade, in Romania. The "FizQuiZ 6" software package was developed for each chapter of the curriculum: "Basic concepts in physics", "Mechanical phenomena", "Thermal phenomena", "Electrical and magnetic phenomena" and "Optical phenomena". The package also contains an application that includes recapitulative tests designed for summative evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural convection in heterogeneous porous enclosures heated from side is investigated using generalized porous convection model. A second-order accurate finite volume scheme is employed to solve the governing equations. We consider a square enclosure with porosity varying linearly from the wall to the core and a vertical enclosure with porosity varying exponentially near the walls as test cases in the current investigation. It is observed that generalized convection model solved by second-order scheme captures the underlying physics better and is able to reduce the discrepancy between the computational and theoretical/experimental results available in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The advancement of nanofluids as an enhanced liquid combination with a low percentage of nanometer-sized solid particles in suspension has only been studied for a few decades. A nanofluid is a fluid with nanometer-sized particles. Nanoparticles are dispersed in a common base fluid such as water, oil, ethylene glycol etc. In this work a study of nanofluids and its fluid flow applications and theoretical physics in a variety of areas, including chemical engineering, biomedical technologies, materials used in sustainable modern architecture studies will be conducted. The characteristics of nanofluids are discussed, as well as their applications in fields such as energy, mechanics, and biomedicine. The characteristic that challenges the utilization of nanofluids in various applications is then explained, and ultimately, nanofluids are proposed for further research. At a very low volume fraction nanofluids enhance the thermal conductivity of suspended particles. Nanofluids are now being utilized efficiently in alternative energy sources to absorb sunlight and raise temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the problems of organizing laboratory work in physics in distance learning in universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]