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The concept of this paper focuses on the area of testing university students while using tools of artificial intelligence. The sample set of students were students of the third year of bachelor studies of Applied Informatics and the test was focused on testing English: grammar, vocabulary, IT English. The introductory part describes current possible ways of testing students, mainly in paper- or computer-based tests. The paper-based method is the traditional one while the computer-based one can take advantage of modern tools of artificial intelligence, such as expert systems and neural networks. The core of this paper lies in the comparison of the results that are acquired from paper-based and computer-based testing which uses artificial intelligence tools. The final part envisages the most optimal ways of testing university students.

During recycling of waste paper from private households different fractions containing plastics and polluted paper fibers are received. Current research at the Institute of Polymer Materials and Plastics Engineering at Clausthal University of Technology showed that the use of waste paper as filler and reinforcement in polypropylene leads to nearly the same mechanical properties as natural fibers like flax, sisal and hemp. The present investigations focus on the chemical cleaning of the paper recyclate to treat the fiber surface and to solve foreign plastics like polystyrene. For this purpose Soxhlet extraction with different solvents is used. The received extracts are examined via infrared spectroscopy, as well as the treated and the untreated fibers. Afterwards, the cleaned paper is incorporated into polypropylene. The received composites are investigated regarding their mechanical properties by tensile testing and Charpy impact testing.During recycling of waste paper from private households different fractions containing plastics and polluted paper fibers are received. Current research at the Institute of Polymer Materials and Plastics Engineering at Clausthal University of Technology showed that the use of waste paper as filler and reinforcement in polypropylene leads to nearly the same mechanical properties as natural fibers like flax, sisal and hemp. The present investigations focus on the chemical cleaning of the paper recyclate to treat the fiber surface and to solve foreign plastics like polystyrene. For this purpose Soxhlet extraction with different solvents is used. The received extracts are examined via infrared spectroscopy, as well as the treated and the untreated fibers. Afterwards, the cleaned paper is incorporated into polypropylene. The received composites are investigated regarding their mechanical properties by tensile testing and Charpy impact testing.

In the present paper, the effects of cake thickness and time on the efficiency of brown stock washer of the paper mill are studied by using mathematical model of pulp washing for the species of sodium and lignin ions. The mechanism of the diffusion‐ dispersion washing of the bed of the pulp fibers is mathematically modeled by the basic material balance and adsorption isotherm is used to describe the equilibrium between the concentration of the solute in the liquor and concentration of the solute on the fibers. To study the parametric effect, numerical solutions of the axial domain of the system governed by partial differential equations (transport and isotherm equations) for different boundary conditions are obtained by the “pdepe” solver in MATLAB source code. The effects of both the parameters are shown by three dimensional graphical representation as well as concentration profiles.

An algorithm for constructing super-large semantic networks has been developed in current work. Algorithm was tested using the “Cosmos” category of the Internet encyclopedia “Wikipedia” as an example. During the implementation, a parser for the syntax analysis of Wikipedia pages was developed. A graph based on list of articles and categories was formed. On the basis of the obtained graph analysis, algorithms for finding domains of high connectivity in a graph were proposed and tested. Algorithms for constructing a domain based on the number of links and the number of articles in the current subject area is considered. The shortcomings of these algorithms are shown and explained, an algorithm is developed on their joint use. The possibility of applying a combined algorithm for obtaining the final domain is shown. The problem of instability of the received domain was discovered when starting an algorithm from two neighboring vertices related to the domain.

The use of digital tools in algebra education is expected to not only contribute to master skill, but also to acquire conceptual understanding. The question is how digital tools affect students” thinking and understanding. This paper presents an analysis of data of one group of three grade seventh students (12-13 year-old) on the use of a digital tool for algebra, the Cover-up applet for solving equations in particular. This case study was part of a larger teaching experiment on initial algebra enriched with digital technology which aimed to improve students” conceptual understanding and skills in solving equations in one variable. The qualitative analysis of a video observation, digital and written work showed that the use of the applet affects student thinking in terms of strategies used by students while dealing with the equations. We conclude that the effects of the use of the digital tool can be traced from student problem solving strategies on paper-and-pencil environment which are similar to strategies while working with the digital tool. In future research, we recommend to use specific theoretical lenses, such as the theory of instrumental genesis and the onto-semiotic approach, to reveal more explicit relationships between students” conceptual understanding and the use of a digital tool.

Due to the rising difficulty of developing complex systems a lot of research has gone into the multi‐agent paradigm over the past decades, during which a vast array of approaches for developing such systems have been proposed. Despite this fact there seems to be a gap in the MAS community between solutions that provide for expressivity and those that offer generality. It is our opinion that embedding the MAS language into a functional language we can have the best out of both worlds: we can implement the desired semantics in an abstract way, allowing us to focus on the problem domain, i.e. complex, distributed MAS. Our approach is going to be layered: (i) we start from a statically typed functional language and build an EDSL that acts as an executable specification language for single agent entities; and (ii) develop a framework for workflow‐oriented coordination on top of the previous layer and investigate its use as a means of implementing agent organizations, focusing on coordination and communication.

Polybenzimidazole (PBI) was prepared as thin coatings on aluminium substrates at different final curing temperatures. Their tribological properties were tested at room temperature in comparison to coatings made of polyamideimide (PAI), using various test methods. The adhesion to the substrates was best for PBI processed at a final curing temperature of 280°C. This was also reflected in a better scratch resistance, whereby in all cases PBI was superior to PAI. The same was true for sliding wear of the coatings against smooth steel counterparts. Under abrasive wear against sand paper, the friction and wear values were lower for smaller abrasive grains, but no remarkable differences were visible between PBI and PAI, regardless of the curing temperature.Polybenzimidazole (PBI) was prepared as thin coatings on aluminium substrates at different final curing temperatures. Their tribological properties were tested at room temperature in comparison to coatings made of polyamideimide (PAI), using various test methods. The adhesion to the substrates was best for PBI processed at a final curing temperature of 280°C. This was also reflected in a better scratch resistance, whereby in all cases PBI was superior to PAI. The same was true for sliding wear of the coatings against smooth steel counterparts. Under abrasive wear against sand paper, the friction and wear values were lower for smaller abrasive grains, but no remarkable differences were visible between PBI and PAI, regardless of the curing temperature.

The use of composites are being increased day by day. There many types of composites like mud building bricks, concrete and reinforced concrete, fiberglass, natural composites. Natural composites are the one which are made of plant derived fiber with polymeric matrix. The natural fiber consists of sisal, jute, hemp, banana leaf fibers, bamboo, wheat straw, coir fiber, grass reeds, wood fiber, rice husk, wheat, prosopis julifora, oats, cane and many other fibrous materials. They have a vast application and are eco-friendly. Natural fiber reduces both cost and density when compared to other types of fibers which are available. The alternative source of synthetic fibers are natural fibers which are renewable in nature, cost effective and also causes no harm to the environment. In this the uses and applications of prosopis juliflora and coir fiber natural composites are discussed.

Natural (plant) fibre become main concern for replacing synthetic fibre in product development. There are many application of the natural fibre product such as automotive interior lining, upholstery stuffing, electronic packaging and egg-boxes. Many natural fibre has been explored such as kenaf, flax, hemp, jute, ramie, nettle, sisal, henequen, banana, oil palm EFB, oil palm mesocarp, cotton, coir, cereal straw and bagasse. The most potential natural fibre i.e. kenaf fibre due to high cellulose content (cellulose sources). Therefore, kenaf fibre was challenging to explore in terms of retting process, yarn and composite development. This paper focus on retting process where it was conducted by several chemical agent such as Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH), Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) and enzymatic with pectinase. NaOH become common chemical agent and 6% of concentration become an optimum parameter for improving flexural, tensile and impact strength.

We describe the results of an expert system applied to the evaluation of samples of kaolin for industrial use in paper or ceramic manufacture. Different machine learning techniques—classification trees, support vector machines and Bayesian networks—were applied with the aim of evaluating and comparing their interpretability and prediction capacities. The predictive capacity of these models for the samples analyzed was highly satisfactory, both for ceramic quality and paper quality. However, Bayesian networks generally proved to be the most useful technique for our study, as this approach combines good predictive capacity with excellent interpretability of the kaolin quality structure, as it graphically represents relationships between variables and facilitates what‐if analyses.

Article investigates the usage of spatial logic in the process of unmanned vehicle operation. Article examines the mode of unmanned vehicle control. Unmanned transport operation is not autonomous. Structurally it represents the control scheme which includes two operating centers, the main and peripheral ones. Main operating centre fulfills “smooth” operation and the peripheral centre performs the direct operation. Article provides systematization of transport control according to the levels of automation. The usage of spatial logic for each level of automation has been shown. Paper describes the model of information situation as a basic model during unmanned operation. The role of spatial information and geodata in unmanned operation has been specified. Article features the spatial situations in transport movement which require the usage of spatial logic. Three types of spatial situations which are used in unmanned control have been described. Paper discovers the content of spatial logic used in vehicle control. The differentiation between cognitive spatial logic and analytical spatial logic has been demonstrated.

The progress and development of information technology has opened up one form of nuclear crime, namely computer crime. The Stuxnet incident that occurred in 2010 is one example of cyber incidents related to nuclear security. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) as an international regulatory body has paid attention to computer security as outlined in one of the important elements in NSS 20 - Objective and Essentials Elements of a State’s Nuclear Security Regime. The security aspect itself is one of the aspects emphasized in Act Number 10 of 1997 concerning Nuclear Energy. Government Regulation Number 54 of 2012 concerning Nuclear Installation Safety and Security outlines a more detailed discussion of nuclear installation security, which is a more specific discussion on safety in the aspect of physical protection regulated in Regulation of the Head of the Nuclear Power Supervisory Agency Number 1 of 2009 concerning Installation Physical Protection Systems and Nuclear Materials. However, all of these regulations still do not explicitly mention computer security. This paper was prepared to provide recommendations that can be used in the preparation of regulations and guidelines related to computer security in nuclear installations. This paper was prepared using the main reference NSS 17 - Computer Security at Nuclear Facilities which was perfected by the review of Regulatory Guide 5.71 - Cyber Security Programs for Nuclear Facility, CSA N290.7-14 - Cyber Security for Nuclear Power Plants and Small Reactor Facilities, and REGDOC-2.5.2. - Design of Reactor Facilities: Nuclear Power Plants. From the results of the study, it was concluded that several things that need to be considered as required regarding computer security are the establishment of a computer security team, the preparation of a computer security plan, a graded approach to computer security, and risk assessment.

Even supposing the technology is promoting little by little, many of the industrial operations are not advance till the finishing point their depreciation epoch due to either ignorant of cost and time reserves or inattention or overlooked. A scientific suggestion not only needs to highlight for the updating the system of manufacturing, but also needs to figure-out cost of loss in all aspects for non-upgrade of the facility. It can be done in the industrial management that to form Small Group Activity team to recognize such fatalities and remedies to resolve them. This paper discusses preparation of such valid proposal for a leading industry in Tamil Nadu. The case study belongs to a proposal of replacement machines as their depreciation period got over in an assembly plant of a largest and leading automobile manufacturer. The objective this research is to prepare the valid proposal to procure the equipment with necessary upgrades. The six sigma’s ECRS methodology is employed and majorly governs for this investigation. This study included the process evaluation, conceptual design, basic engineering design, computer aided design and validation, cost analysis. The effectiveness is verified and presented in this paper. The proposed machine reduced 70.27% of processing time, 39.02% of equipment cost and 70.25% cost per piece.

The main goal of this paper to evaluate the performance of the proposed long short-term memory (LSTM)- basis relative humidity (RH) prediction model. Computational physics learning theory is a subfield in artificial intelligence. In this paper, we use the real observed weather data of RH from synoptic station location as an important aspect and effect in weather and climate and using machine learning approach basis on the LSTM neural network, which is a type of recurrent neural network (RNN). We use a machine learning approach to compute the relative humidity basis on the LSTM model. The LSTM is trained by using two years of climate data (from January 2008 to December 2009). LSTM is capable of forecasting complex univariate relative humidity time series with strong no-stationarity. The result shows the usefulness of LSTM and out performs traditional forecasting methods in the challenging relative humidity record problem.

In the past few years, Earthquakes have struck Indonesia several times, which caused many people to lost their lives. Every day, the Indonesian Meteorological, Climatological, and Geophysical Agency (BMKG) is responsible to monitor the seismic activity through several stations located around the country and record them as waveform including any Earthquake that occurs and determine their magnitude respectively. The aim of this study is to collect those waveform raw data from BMKG and able to utilize several tools to convert and process the data for further research purposes. One of the purposes is to compare the waveform data with the determined magnitude and to find the relationship between them. This paper served as a discussion in seismology and a better understanding of the Earthquake.In the past few years, Earthquakes have struck Indonesia several times, which caused many people to lost their lives. Every day, the Indonesian Meteorological, Climatological, and Geophysical Agency (BMKG) is responsible to monitor the seismic activity through several stations located around the country and record them as waveform including any Earthquake that occurs and determine their magnitude respectively. The aim of this study is to collect those waveform raw data from BMKG and able to utilize several tools to convert and process the data for further research purposes. One of the purposes is to compare the waveform data with the determined magnitude and to find the relationship between them. This paper served as a discussion in seismology and a better understanding of the Earthquake.

In this paper derived the mathematical formulas of the Reliability for Special (2+1) cascade model, expression for model reliability are found when strength and stress distributions are generalized inverse Rayleigh random variables. The estimation for the reliability function (R) of model is done by Sixth different methods (ML, Mo, LS, WLS, Rg and Pr) and make the compare between them in simulation study with the program made by (MATLAB 2016) using two statistical criteria MSE and MAPE, where it found that best estimator between the six estimators is ML.In this paper derived the mathematical formulas of the Reliability for Special (2+1) cascade model, expression for model reliability are found when strength and stress distributions are generalized inverse Rayleigh random variables. The estimation for the reliability function (R) of model is done by Sixth different methods (ML, Mo, LS, WLS, Rg and Pr) and make the compare between them in simulation study with the program made by (MATLAB 2016) using two statistical criteria MSE and MAPE, where it found that best estimator between the six estimators is ML.

LCL filter has been widely used in Shunt Active Power Filter (APF) because its effectiveness at filtering high- order harmonic. However, its inherent resonance peek has seriously affected the stability of the system. Traditionally, passive damping —series damping resistance in capacitance branch is generally used, which brings about dramatic power loss undesirably. The resonance principle has been analyzed, and then a grid current feedback control strategy is proposed in this paper. It is through sampling and feeding back the derivative and high frequency component of the grid current, that the system damping increases while the number of sensors decrease. The proposed scheme adopts a optimized parameter design method that decrease the multiple variables of feedback factors to single one reduces the complexity of system and improves the system performance. Simulation models are eventually built on Matlab/Simulink platform which verify the effectiveness of the scheme proposed in this paper.

The AIP Proceedings article template has many predefined paragraph styles for you to use/apply as you write your paper. To format your abstract, use the Microsoft Word template style: Abstract. Each paper must include an abstract. Begin the abstract with the word “Abstract” followed by a period in bold font, and then continue with a normal 9 point font.The AIP Proceedings article template has many predefined paragraph styles for you to use/apply as you write your paper. To format your abstract, use the Microsoft Word template style: Abstract. Each paper must include an abstract. Begin the abstract with the word “Abstract” followed by a period in bold font, and then continue with a normal 9 point font.

When students begin to learn how to program computers, the greatest difficulty does not consist in learning a programming language, even considering the various programming paradigms to which it may belong, but rather in the way of conceiving a solution algorithm for a given problem. In this paper methods for learning how to build better programs with iterative and recursive techniques are proposed. Instead of using the traditional and sequential method, following theoretical exposition and creation of algorithms, practical demonstration in a specific framework to write a program in a programming language, program execution and tests, a new approach is introduced where a set of tools, such as Python programming language, Runestone Interactive documents and Online Python tutor, is used to allow the production of enriched documents with text, images, videos, code implementation and execution windows, with the option of step by step running, showing the used data structures and their values evolution, all together in an - Interactive Electronic Document (IED). Students have the opportunity to learn and experience programming concepts in a single document, interactively, increasing learning achievement and level of satisfaction.When students begin to learn how to program computers, the greatest difficulty does not consist in learning a programming language, even considering the various programming paradigms to which it may belong, but rather in the way of conceiving a solution algorithm for a given problem. In this paper methods for learning how to build better programs with iterative and recursive techniques are proposed. Instead of using the traditional and sequential method, following theoretical exposition and creation of algorithms, practical demonstration in a specific framework to write a program in a programming language, program execution and tests, a new approach is introduced where a set of tools, such as Python programming language, Runestone Interactive documents and Online Python tutor, is used to allow the production of enriched documents with text, images, videos, code implementation and execution windows, with the option of step by step running, showing the used data structures and their values evolution, all to...

The paper describes the microlearning concept as one of the future e-learning evolution possibilities. Due to the increasing demands on both learners and organizations, the evolution is inevitable. The paper presents two microlearning courses realized in the LMS Moodle environment. These models represent a recommended structure for transformation of e-learning into microlearning. Models A and B are described in detail, with their pros and cons being compared.

The surrounding environment of overhead transmission lines is complex and changeable, which often causes short circuit trip because of the foreign objects such as kite, colored ribbon and plastic film. It brings serious threat to the security of power grid and causes great economic loss. In this paper, an advanced laser distance removing method is proposed in this paper, which can quickly and reliably remove the foreign objects on the line. In this paper, the principle analysis of overhead line laser removal is carried out, and the comparison test results with different lasers of different kinds of lasers are carried out, and the optimal selection scheme of laser is obtained. Laser aiming technology, cooling technology and safety guarantee measures are developed. It has high application value for removing obstacles from overhead lines.

Categorization of water bodies and land areas from the satellite image is performed since the prediction of satellite image has become a major challenging issue due to weather condition, atmosphere, etc. Previously, data mining is used for clustering in various application such as text data, similarities in images and bioinformatics data. In this paper, a novel approach has been designed by incorporating the PSO and DE algorithm for data mining technique in the satellite image. Here feature extraction is carried out by using DWT, PCA, and GLCM techniques. In the proposed method, an optimized PSO-DE algorithm is designed to obtain the best solution in order to get the better satellite data. Finally, the estimated output is compared with the existing method on the bases of performances, and it is found to be efficient. The performance parameters such as PSNR, MSE, RMS, mean, variance, correlation, contrast, energy, homogeneity, SD, and entropy are evaluated for the Landsat and MODIS satellite images.Categorization of water bodies and land areas from the satellite image is performed since the prediction of satellite image has become a major challenging issue due to weather condition, atmosphere, etc. Previously, data mining is used for clustering in various application such as text data, similarities in images and bioinformatics data. In this paper, a novel approach has been designed by incorporating the PSO and DE algorithm for data mining technique in the satellite image. Here feature extraction is carried out by using DWT, PCA, and GLCM techniques. In the proposed method, an optimized PSO-DE algorithm is designed to obtain the best solution in order to get the better satellite data. Finally, the estimated output is compared with the existing method on the bases of performances, and it is found to be efficient. The performance parameters such as PSNR, MSE, RMS, mean, variance, correlation, contrast, energy, homogeneity, SD, and entropy are evaluated for the Landsat and MODIS satellite images.

Combined cycle power plants are often used to produce power. These days prediction of power plant output based on operating parameters is a major concern. This paper presents an approach to using computational intelligence technique to predict the output power of combined cycle power plant. Computational intelligence techniques have been developed and applied to many real world problems. In this paper, tree architectures of fuzzy neural networks are considered to predict the output power. Tree architectures of fuzzy neural networks have an advantage of reducing the number of rules by selecting fuzzy neurons as nodes and relevant inputs as leaves optimally. For the optimization of the networks, two-step optimization method is used. Genetic algorithms optimize the binary structure of the networks by selecting the nodes and leaves as binary, and followed by random signal-based learning further refines the optimized binary connections in the unit interval. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, combined cycle power plant dataset obtained from the UCI Machine Learning Repository Database is considered.

In honour to Jiři Kunovský, the paper will try to overview his work and his beloved simulation software. The Taylor–Kunovsky Simulation Language (TKSL) is software based on computations where Taylor series are used, to solve various problems by systems of equations. It deals with problems described by non-stiff and even stiff differential equations or systems of linear equations or nonlinear equations in a comparable or faster time than other known softwares. The implemented method is based on variable–step variable–order scheme. The paper will provide test problem and comparison to MATLAB software.

Augmented Reality (AR) has become an essential technology in various sectors. Nowadays, despite the popularity of AR for product promotion and media campaign, the use of printed media, such as books and cards, is still common. In fact, AR T-shirts is one of the innovations of clothing companies to promote their products. This paper was focused on the development of AR applications on T-Shirt that as a method to improve the product and to know the extent of how AR application can survive under various lighting conditions. The model used in developing the AR application was Waterfall Process Model. Lux meter was used to find out how far the camera can detect images on the T-shirt, in which it revealed that through the effect of light intensity, AR application on T-shirt could survive 10.8 lux or above. At light intensity of 10.8 lux, the camera experienced difficulty in tracking picture on the T-shirt. From the test using Lux meter, the result was that AR application could survive from twilight to sunlight. However, this study still requires further research such as the implementation of smartphones, media expert trials, and user testing to cooperate with related industries.Augmented Reality (AR) has become an essential technology in various sectors. Nowadays, despite the popularity of AR for product promotion and media campaign, the use of printed media, such as books and cards, is still common. In fact, AR T-shirts is one of the innovations of clothing companies to promote their products. This paper was focused on the development of AR applications on T-Shirt that as a method to improve the product and to know the extent of how AR application can survive under various lighting conditions. The model used in developing the AR application was Waterfall Process Model. Lux meter was used to find out how far the camera can detect images on the T-shirt, in which it revealed that through the effect of light intensity, AR application on T-shirt could survive 10.8 lux or above. At light intensity of 10.8 lux, the camera experienced difficulty in tracking picture on the T-shirt. From the test using Lux meter, the result was that AR application could survive from twilight to sunlight....

Climbing robot has been an area of interest since the demand of inspection of pipeline, nuclear power plant, and various big structure is growing up rapidly. This paper represents the development of a bio-inspired modular robot which mimics inchworm locomotion during climbing. In the present paper, the climbing motion is achieved only on a flat vertical plane by magnetic adhesion principle. The robot is modelled as a 4-link planar mechanism with three revolute joints actuated by DC servo motors. Sinusoidal gait pattern is used to approximate the motion of an inchworm. The dynamics of the robot is presented by using ADAMS/MATLAB co-simulation methodology. The simulation result gives the maximum value of joint torque during one complete cycle of motion. This torque value is used for the selection of servo motor specifications required to build the prototype.

The AIP Proceedings article template has many predefined paragraph styles for you to use/apply as you write your paper. To format your abstract, use the Microsoft Word template style: Abstract. Each paper must include an abstract. Begin the abstract with the word “Abstract” followed by a period in bold font, and then continue with a normal 9 point font.The AIP Proceedings article template has many predefined paragraph styles for you to use/apply as you write your paper. To format your abstract, use the Microsoft Word template style: Abstract. Each paper must include an abstract. Begin the abstract with the word “Abstract” followed by a period in bold font, and then continue with a normal 9 point font.

To enhance the security in optical image encryption system and to protect it from the attackers, this paper proposes new digital spiral phase mask based on Fresnel Transform. In this cryptosystem the Spiral Phase Mask (SPM) used is a hybrid of Fresnel Zone Plate (FZP) and Radial Hilbert Mask (RHM) which makes the key strong and enhances the security. The different keys used for encryption and decryption purposed make the system much more secure. Proposed scheme uses various structured phase mask which increases the key space also it increases the number of parameters which makes it difficult for the attackers to exactly find the key to recover the original image. We have also used different keys for encryption and decryption purpose to make the system much more secure. The strength of the proposed cryptosystem has been analyzed by simulating on MATLAB 7.9.0(R2008a). Mean Square Errors (MSE) and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) are calculated for the proposed algorithm. The experimental results are provided to highlight the effectiveness and sustainability of proposed cryptosystem and to prove that the cryptosystem is secure for usage.To enhance the security in optical image encryption system and to protect it from the attackers, this paper proposes new digital spiral phase mask based on Fresnel Transform. In this cryptosystem the Spiral Phase Mask (SPM) used is a hybrid of Fresnel Zone Plate (FZP) and Radial Hilbert Mask (RHM) which makes the key strong and enhances the security. The different keys used for encryption and decryption purposed make the system much more secure. Proposed scheme uses various structured phase mask which increases the key space also it increases the number of parameters which makes it difficult for the attackers to exactly find the key to recover the original image. We have also used different keys for encryption and decryption purpose to make the system much more secure. The strength of the proposed cryptosystem has been analyzed by simulating on MATLAB 7.9.0(R2008a). Mean Square Errors (MSE) and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) are calculated for the proposed algorithm. The experimental results are provid...

The accelerated development of new technology, particularly on mobile application has increased teacher’s responsibility as a learning facilitator. Since technology is improving, many applications keep on coming into the market to fulfill user demands. Mobile learning application is very useful in enriching the mobile learning experience of children. However, some applications fail to assist and increase children knowledge on the subject they studied. Moreover, some children are not interested in mobile applications due to issues such as poor interfaces. In this paper, some previous studies on quality attributes used to evaluate mobile learning applications were reviewed. A systematic literature review approach was employed to search previous papers and studies on usability quality attributes, particularly for mobile learning applications. The search strategy identified numerous studies on usability for mobile learning applications for children. The result showed that the top four usability quality attributes are efficiency, effectiveness; learnability and user satisfaction. The studies reviewed showed that usability evaluations were conducted during implementation phase only, and evaluation is often built as a description of the case study. This study explored the current literatures on the subject matter and stimulates further studies that will lead to improved usability and design of mobile learning applications for children.

This paper presents the calculation of the gas flow through the piston ring pack of the combustion engine. The paper compares the solution of ordinary differential equations using the standard numerical methods (ode solvers present in MATLAB) with a new method based on the Taylor series – Modern Taylor Series Method.This paper presents the calculation of the gas flow through the piston ring pack of the combustion engine. The paper compares the solution of ordinary differential equations using the standard numerical methods (ode solvers present in MATLAB) with a new method based on the Taylor series – Modern Taylor Series Method.

Application of immersive Virtual Reality (VR) system has been proven to be practical and effective in offering the sense of presence and engagement for users to explore inside a virtual environment (VE) creation. However, numerous user experience problems still occur within the application design and development phase. An attempt to categorized the issues from presented studies by the researchers within the scope of papers between years of 2007 to 2017. There is no empirical evaluation conducted in this reviewing process but the aim is to bridge the gap between user experience and application system through understanding and learning from the challenges in the system itself. This can promote a more highly acceptance level of this complex technology among the users. This paper also proposes the future research directions and predicts the development trends of VR system.

This paper illustrates that coefficients involved in iterative scheme play major role in determining the speed of its convergence. Here in this paper, we analyze the speed of convergence of Jungck-Mann &Jungck-Ishikawa iteration plans by the methodology of interchanging the coefficients involved in these iterative procedures.

The word “acoustic” is a Greek word, which means able to be heard. Many of the behaviors felt or exhibited by humans can be detected by analysis of that person’s speech and voice like emotions (stress, anger, fear, sadness, depression, excitement, elation, and happiness), States induced by external conditions (ethanol intoxication and drugs), Certain Intentional behaviors (deception, untruths, disguise and other intent), and Health states (cold/flu and fatigue). In this Paper, our aim is to find appropriate parameters which are responsible for detection of lie. Voice stress analysis (VSA) has been introduced for detection of lie from very long time. Source of deception detection originated from the concept of micro muscle tremors (MMT). A card game was designed to build up a deceptive and non-deceptive database. After feature extraction, result has shown that pitch can detect deception.The word “acoustic” is a Greek word, which means able to be heard. Many of the behaviors felt or exhibited by humans can be detected by analysis of that person’s speech and voice like emotions (stress, anger, fear, sadness, depression, excitement, elation, and happiness), States induced by external conditions (ethanol intoxication and drugs), Certain Intentional behaviors (deception, untruths, disguise and other intent), and Health states (cold/flu and fatigue). In this Paper, our aim is to find appropriate parameters which are responsible for detection of lie. Voice stress analysis (VSA) has been introduced for detection of lie from very long time. Source of deception detection originated from the concept of micro muscle tremors (MMT). A card game was designed to build up a deceptive and non-deceptive database. After feature extraction, result has shown that pitch can detect deception.

With the rapid development of Internet social media, excavating the emotional tendencies of the short text information from the Internet, the acquisition of useful information has attracted the attention of researchers. At present, the commonly used can be attributed to the rule-based classification and statistical machine learning classification methods. Although micro-blog sentiment analysis has made good progress, there still exist some shortcomings such as not highly accurate enough and strong dependence from sentiment classification effect. Aiming at the characteristics of Chinese short texts, such as less information, sparse features, and diverse expressions, this paper considers expanding the original text by mining related semantic information from the reviews, forwarding and other related information. First, this paper uses Word2vec to compute word similarity to extend the feature words. And then uses an ensemble classifier composed of SVM, KNN and HMM to analyze the emotion of the short text of micro-blog. The experimental results show that the proposed method can make good use of the comment forwarding information to extend the original features. Compared with the traditional method, the accuracy, recall and F1 value obtained by this method have been improved.

Payroll processing is an imperative process in an organization; it involves many tasks to ensure accurate and timely payments of the workforces’ services, and to protect organization’s reputation through effective record-keeping compliance with the government authorities’ employment legislations. Despite its important function in the organization process, studies on payroll processing is quite limited, as compared to other transaction processing systems such as sales and purchase. This paper observes the trend of articles published on payroll system that has been indexed by the Google Scholar as at February 2018. This study aims to provide insights into the characteristics of the issues related to payroll system using a bibliometric analysis. Articles that matched with the keywords [allintitle: payroll system OR systems OR application OR applications OR software] in the Google Scholar has been obtained and analyzed. After conducted the cleaning process i.e. by completing the meta-data of the articles and removing some of the irrelevant and duplicate articles, 170 articles are available for further analysis. It is found that, the number of published payroll system articles are increasing in the past five years. Most of the articles has been published as journal articles, academic dissertations and conference papers. The output of this study can help researchers to understand the landscape of the global research and issues on payroll system and establish further research directions in this field.

This paper presents modelling of both single and double-phase powder sintering processes at the macroscopic level. In particular, its constitutive formulation, numerical implementation and numerical tests are described. The macroscopic constitutive model is based on the assumption that the sintered material is a continuous medium. The parameters of the constitutive model for material under sintering are determined by simulation of sintering at the microscopic level using a micro-scale model. Numerical tests were carried out for a cylindrical specimen under hydrostatic and uniaxial pressure. Results of macroscopic analysis are compared against the microscopic model results. Moreover, numerical simulations are validated by comparison with experimental results. The simulations and preparation of the model are carried out by Abaqus FEA - a software for finite element analysis and computer-aided engineering. A mechanical model is defined by the user procedure “Vumat” which is developed by the first author in Fortran programming language. Modelling presented in the paper can be used to optimize and to better understand the process.This paper presents modelling of both single and double-phase powder sintering processes at the macroscopic level. In particular, its constitutive formulation, numerical implementation and numerical tests are described. The macroscopic constitutive model is based on the assumption that the sintered material is a continuous medium. The parameters of the constitutive model for material under sintering are determined by simulation of sintering at the microscopic level using a micro-scale model. Numerical tests were carried out for a cylindrical specimen under hydrostatic and uniaxial pressure. Results of macroscopic analysis are compared against the microscopic model results. Moreover, numerical simulations are validated by comparison with experimental results. The simulations and preparation of the model are carried out by Abaqus FEA - a software for finite element analysis and computer-aided engineering. A mechanical model is defined by the user procedure “Vumat” which is developed by the first author in F...

An active compound is a compound which has therapeutic and pharmacological activity that directly impacts the diagnosis, recuperation, palliation, therapy, or prevention of disease. Every active compound has a Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System (SMILES) code. SMILES, proposed by Weininger, is a chemical notation system which represents a simple molecule structure. There are correlations between a molecule’s structure and its activities in that chemicals of similar structures have similar biological activities. This paper will find patterns of SMILES code using a backpropagation algorithm. This method is chosen because of its good ability to make predictions. Prediction of compound activities is interesting because there are a large number of active compounds in the PubChem dataset, but only a few have a known activity. To find an active compound function one uses laboratory tests to extract the compound’s activities. To predict the compound’s activities, the first phase is to extracts features of the SMILES code. After that, these features are extracted are used as inputs to backpropagation algorithms. The results of testing show that these backpropagation algorithms are successful at predicting an active compound, with an average accuracy of 87.5%.The original version of this article supplied to AIP Conference Proceedings contained an error in the writing of the formulas (no. 1-15). The paper originally appeared as, double formulas, but the correct writing is single formulas (no. 1-15). An updated version of this article, with the corrected formulas was published on 29 November 2018.

The aims of this paper were to describe the principles of ecosystem restoration and development of recreation sites in degraded mountain areas, with special references to East Java, Indonesia. In East Java, the mountain ecosystem has been disturbed by anthropological and natural forces, and restoration is a crucial program to repair and recover the degraded area. At the same time, tourism to mountain areas is growing significantly, and there are opportunities for integrating development of recreation tourism areas and restoration programs in degraded sites. However, considerable research shows that there are less appropriate programs, planning and practice of integrating restoration and development of tourism areas in degraded mountain areas. Numerous exotic plant species were introduced as part of the effort to repair many degraded mountain areas in East Java. There are economical motives to the introduction of exotic plants, as sh own by the abundant number of multi-purpose plant tree species. A large number of exotic plant species were also influenced by attempts to increase the beauty of recreation sites, to provide consumable fruits and vegetables and environmental education. This paper shows there are misconceptions concerning restoration and development of recreation sites in conservation forests in mountain areas in East Java. Integrating recreation tourism area development and restoration programs should be established in the perspective of sustainable development.

This paper introduces and inherit the multi-level trusted system model that solves the Trojan virus by encrypting the privacy of user data, and achieve the principle: “not to read the high priority hierarchy, not to write the hierarchy with low priority”. Thus ensuring that the low-priority data privacy leak does not affect the disclosure of high-priority data privacy. This paper inherits the multi-level trustworthy system model of Trojan horse and divides seven different risk levels. The priority level 1∼7 represent the low to high value of user data privacy, and realize seven kinds of encryption with different execution efficiency Algorithm, the higher the priority, the greater the value of user data privacy, at the expense of efficiency under the premise of choosing a more encrypted encryption algorithm to ensure data security. For enterprises, the price point is determined by the unit equipment users to decide the length of time. The higher the risk sub-group algorithm, the longer the encryption time. The model assumes that users prefer the lower priority encryption algorithm to ensure efficiency. This paper proposes a privacy cost model for each of the seven risk subgroups. Among them, the higher the privacy cost, the higher the priority of the risk sub-group, the higher the price the user needs to pay to ensure the privacy of the data. Furthermore, by introducing the existing pricing model of economics and the human traffic model proposed by this paper and fluctuating with the market demand, this paper improves the price of unit products when the market demand is low. On the other hand, when the market demand increases, the profit of the enterprise will be guaranteed under the guidance of the government by reducing the price per unit of product. Then, this paper introduces the dynamic factors of consumers’ mood and age to optimize. At the same time, seven algorithms are selected from symmetric and asymmetric encryption algorithms to define the enterprise costs at different levels. Therefore, the proposed model solves the continuous influence caused by cascading events and ensures that the disclosure of low-level data privacy of users does not affect the high-level data privacy, thus greatly improving the safety of the private information of user.

The new organization method, represented by the mixed operation of multi-marshalling trains, can adapt to the characteristics of the uneven distribution of passenger flow, but the research on this aspect is still not perfect enough. This paper introduced the passenger sharing rate and congestion penalty coefficient with different train formations. On this basis, this paper established an optimization model with the minimum passenger cost and operation cost as objective, and operation frequency and passenger demand as constraint. The ideal point method is used to solve this model. Compared with the fixed marshalling operation model, the overall cost of this scheme saves 9.24% and 4.43% respectively. This result not only validates the validity of the model, but also illustrate the advantages of the multiple train formations scheme.

This paper presents a new method known as modified variable step block backward differentiation formulae (MVS-BBDF) for solving first order stiff Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs). This solver utilizes the variable step size scheme for selecting the appropriate step size at each step of iteration. The development of an algorithm for numerical computation is elaborated in detail in this paper. Then, the numerical experiments are carried out to clarify the efficiency of our solver in comparison with the former method, variable step 2-point block backward differentiation formula (BBDF) and Matlab’s suite of ODE solvers, ode15s and ode23s. Consequently, the numerical results have proven that the introduced solver is also reliable in solving first order stiff ODEs.This paper presents a new method known as modified variable step block backward differentiation formulae (MVS-BBDF) for solving first order stiff Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs). This solver utilizes the variable step size scheme for selecting the appropriate step size at each step of iteration. The development of an algorithm for numerical computation is elaborated in detail in this paper. Then, the numerical experiments are carried out to clarify the efficiency of our solver in comparison with the former method, variable step 2-point block backward differentiation formula (BBDF) and Matlab’s suite of ODE solvers, ode15s and ode23s. Consequently, the numerical results have proven that the introduced solver is also reliable in solving first order stiff ODEs.

Currently safety is one of the primary concerns in the transmission of images due to increasing the use of images within the industrial applications. So it’s necessary to secure the image facts from unauthorized individuals. There are various strategies are investigated to secure the facts. In that encryption is certainly one of maximum distinguished method. This paper gives a sophisticated Rijndael (AES) algorithm to shield the facts from unauthorized humans. Here Exponential Key Change (EKE) concept is also introduced to exchange the key between client and server. The things are exchange in a network among client and server through a simple protocol is known as Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP). This protocol is used mainly in embedded servers to transfer the data and also provide protection to the data if protection capabilities are integrated. In this paper, implementing a GUI environment for image encryption and decryption. All these experiments carried out on Linux environment the usage of Open CV-Python script.

Electronic Commerce (EC) platform which is widely known as E-Marketplace handles millions of transactions over the internet. While individual users of E-Marketplace frequently interact with a shorter supply chain, Business-to-Business (B2B) users, on the other hand, manage multiple interactions with multiple layers of partners such as manufacturers or suppliers. This complexity, however, introduces problems of information overload where the users only require pertinent information based on their interests. Although recommender systems (RSs) are widely used in resolving such problems, the current RSs in the literature are still suffering several limitations, such as overspecialised recommendation, and scalability issues. Moreover, there is an urgency to introduce manufacturing companies or suppliers to online business buyers within to trade with the shortest paths between the users. This paper presents a conceptual idea of the B2B recommendation model to present potentially useful products to virtual manufacturers or suppliers to business users. The concept highlighted the effectiveness of social network information for the recommender to alleviate the current issues of RSs to support the complexity introduced in the B2B environment.Electronic Commerce (EC) platform which is widely known as E-Marketplace handles millions of transactions over the internet. While individual users of E-Marketplace frequently interact with a shorter supply chain, Business-to-Business (B2B) users, on the other hand, manage multiple interactions with multiple layers of partners such as manufacturers or suppliers. This complexity, however, introduces problems of information overload where the users only require pertinent information based on their interests. Although recommender systems (RSs) are widely used in resolving such problems, the current RSs in the literature are still suffering several limitations, such as overspecialised recommendation, and scalability issues. Moreover, there is an urgency to introduce manufacturing companies or suppliers to online business buyers within to trade with the shortest paths between the users. This paper presents a conceptual idea of the B2B recommendation model to present potentially useful products to virtual manuf...

The shortage of IP addresses and the scalability of routing systems [1] are challenges for the Internet. The idea of dividing existing IP addresses between identities and locations is one of the important research directions. This paper proposed a new decimal network architecture based on IPv9 [11], and decimal network IP address from E.164 principle of traditional telecommunication network, the IP address level, which helps to achieve separation and identification and location of IP address, IP address form a multilayer network structure, routing scalability problem in remission at the same time, to solve the problem of IPv4 address depletion. On the basis of IPv9, a new decimal network architecture is proposed, and the IP address of the decimal network draws on the E.164 principle of the traditional telecommunication network, and the IP addresses are hierarchically divided, which helps to realize the identification and location separation of IP addresses, the formation of multi-layer IP address network structure, while easing the scalability of the routing system to find a way out of IPv4 address exhausted. In addition to modifying DNS [10] simply and adding the function of digital domain, a DDNS [12] is formed. At the same time, a gateway device is added, that is, IPV9 gateway. The original backbone network and user network are unchanged.The shortage of IP addresses and the scalability of routing systems [1] are challenges for the Internet. The idea of dividing existing IP addresses between identities and locations is one of the important research directions. This paper proposed a new decimal network architecture based on IPv9 [11], and decimal network IP address from E.164 principle of traditional telecommunication network, the IP address level, which helps to achieve separation and identification and location of IP address, IP address form a multilayer network structure, routing scalability problem in remission at the same time, to solve the problem of IPv4 address depletion. On the basis of IPv9, a new decimal network architecture is proposed, and the IP address of the decimal network draws on the E.164 principle of the traditional telecommunication network, and the IP addresses are hierarchically divided, which helps to realize the identification and location separation of IP addresses, the formation of multi-layer IP address network ...

One of the most dangerous waste in the world are the End-of-Life tires (EOLT). They are waste that does not practically decompose in nature. Because of this their sound treatment is needed for environment protection. Pyrolysis process is one of the possible methods for such a treatment. Globally, around 23% of all EOLT are processed through pyrolysis, whereas in the Republic of Bulgaria only 5% are processed by pyrolysis. It is clear that for Bulgaria this method still has a good potential for usage, development and further research. The pyrolysis process, used for EOLT treatment, usually is 3D and non-stationary. Thus it is very complicated for modeling and studying.Following [3] an adequate mathematical model of the heat transfer during the pyrolysis process used for the treatment of the End-of-Life tires (EOLT) has been presented in our previous paper [1]. There a numerical algorithm in MATLAB for solving the respective mathematical initial and boundary value problems has been also developed. Some results for the temperature field for several characteristic periods of operation of pyrolysis station are presented and commented in this paper [1]. In our next paper [2] we have examined the influence of the heating upon the heat transfer during the pyrolysis process used for EOLT treatment.This paper deals with studying the influence of the heater position upon the heat transfer during EOLT treatment by pyrolysis process. The results for temperature fields, temperature isolines and gradients at some specific moments of time and for two different initial heating functions are graphically presented and commented. Results from this modeling can be used in the real pyrolysis stations for more precise displacement of heathers and measurement devices and for designing of automated management of the process.

Data analysis is an important issue for companies as it provides deep business insights thus facilitating their performance. Usually enterprise applications and platforms for Big Data processing live in the Java ecosystem. Therefore it is important to investigate how Java-based platforms for data analytics and machine learning work and the functionality they provide. The paper analyzes the most widely used machine learning libraries in the Java world - Deeplearning4j and Spark MLlib. Using data lakes is a common practice for storing large amount of data for data analytic tasks. Hadoop has proved to be the common choice for building data lakes. The paper will review Hadoop ecosystem components, their advantages and potential problems concerning machine learning tasks.

In this paper, an altitude control system is designed to increase the positioning accuracy of a mini-UAV on the z-axis of the inertial system and to improve conventional altitude control systems relying only on GPS, barometer or laser sensors which may have significant errors in certain flight conditions. The main objective of the mini-UAV is to monitor and detect a Corona Discharge that usually occurs on high voltage powerlines which implies a very good infrastructure in terms of on-board equipment because of the danger which occur when UAV flies quite close to the powerlines and into an intense electromagnetic field. To design the altitude controller for the longitudinal dynamics a control structure method, based on successively closed loops with different types of classic controllers was used. We concluded that the command structures with speed constraint was necessary to implement a speed device that automatically maintains a constant speed. Thus, the speed device is trying to maintain a constant speed using the throttle control. After modelling the longitudinal dynamics, numerical simulations were performed in MATLAB, Simulink and the obtained results confirmed a good performance of the proposed control strategy flight altitude control based on the automated speed device.In this paper, an altitude control system is designed to increase the positioning accuracy of a mini-UAV on the z-axis of the inertial system and to improve conventional altitude control systems relying only on GPS, barometer or laser sensors which may have significant errors in certain flight conditions. The main objective of the mini-UAV is to monitor and detect a Corona Discharge that usually occurs on high voltage powerlines which implies a very good infrastructure in terms of on-board equipment because of the danger which occur when UAV flies quite close to the powerlines and into an intense electromagnetic field. To design the altitude controller for the longitudinal dynamics a control structure method, based on successively closed loops with different types of classic controllers was used. We concluded that the command structures with speed constraint was necessary to implement a speed device that automatically maintains a constant speed. Thus, the speed device is trying to maintain a constant spee...

Sustainable development has become a big issue in almost all research fields. In water resources system management, if the system is able to satisfy the changing water demand without any system shortage, then sustainability is achieved. In fact, water resources system management is operated under complete uncertainty, with no real possibility to look into the future to predict natural condition, policy, or demand. Due to the increasing problem of scarce water resources, this encourages researchers and experts to manage water resources much more effectively, ensuring all important challenges are resolve and to maintain water resources to guarantee to meet the demand under any condition. This paper discusses the evolution of sustainable development and reviews issues regarding concept, definition, and approach to sustainable development for both research and its application to water resources system management, especially pertaining to water demand fulfillment. The paper describes state of the art simulation and optimization techniques in water resources system management, reviews the growth of simulation and optimization techniques in an effort to establish a sustainable system, frames the progress of such techniques applied to water resources system, and identifies the needs for further development to face the future challenges. This study reviews published articles from 2000 to 2017 in more than 50 peer-reviewed journals, regarding the application of simulation and optimization techniques in water resources system management in relation to sustainable water demand fulfillment by system management. The study showed that water management requires both researchers and practitioners to optimize the limited water availability in fulfillment of the increasing demand for water. Simulation and optimization are promising solutions, and as they are powered by the advancement of computer technology, they have become central to the evolution of these techniques in their application to the sustainable development of water resources system.