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Background: midwifery workforce issues are of international concern. Sustainable midwifery practice, and how resilience is a required quality for midwives, have begun to be researched. How these concepts are helpful to midwifery continues to be debated. It is important that such debates are framed so they can be empowering for midwives. Care is required not to conceptually label matters concerning the midwifery workforce without judicious scrutiny and diligence. Aim: the aim of this discussion paper is to explore the concepts of sustainability and resilience now being suggested in midwifery workforce literature. Whether sustainability and resilience are concepts useful in midwifery workforce development is questioned. Method: using published primary midwifery research from United Kingdom and New Zealand the concepts of sustainability and resilience are compared, contrasted and explored. Findings: there are obvious differences in models of midwifery care in the United Kingdom and New Zealand. Despite these differences, the concepts of resilience and sustainability emerge as overlapping themes from the respective studies' findings. Comparison between studies provides evidence of what is crucial in sustaining healthy resilient midwifery practice. Four common themes have been identified that traverse the different models of care; Self-determination, ability to self-care, cultivation of relationships both professionally and with women/families, and a passion, joy and love for midwifery. Conclusions: the impact that midwifery models of care may have on sustainable practice and nurturing healthy resilient behaviors remains uncertain. The notion of resilience in midwifery as the panacea to resolve current concerns may need rethinking. Resilience may be interpreted as expecting midwives 'to toughen up' in a workplace setting that is socially, economically and culturally challenging. Sustainability calls for examination of the reciprocity between environments of working and the individual midwife. The findings invite further examination of contextual influences that affect the wellbeing of midwives across different models of care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Industrialized countries have increasingly used skill-based selective migration policies to reduce labor and skill shortages. But are these policies effective? This paper uses Japan and the United Kingdom to illustrate how immigration policy and employment, training and labor practices influence labor and skill supply. Until recently, these two countries had different migration policies and labor practices. Yet data shows similar patterns of labor and skill shortage profiles in both countries. This paper draws on empirical research to argue that such outcomes suggest that immigration policies will not alleviate labor and skill shortages unless accompanied by the transformation of employment and training practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gardens are unique ecosystems with the potential to deliver an array of important environmental and health benefits, particularly for urban populations. A large body of research has established that contact with nature and activities within green spaces (including gardening) are beneficial for our physical, mental and social health. An adjacent body of research has explored whether and how pro-environmental behaviours are also linked to positive outcomes for human health and wellbeing. But published research has not yet established whether pro-environmental behaviour in the context of gardening ("sustainable horticulture") further increases the health and wellbeing benefits that gardeners derive. This paper uses evidence from a nationally representative UK survey (n=2086) conducted in August 2021 to explore this question. We used multiple regression analysis to quantitatively demonstrate that a positive association between gardening more sustainably and perceived health benefits from gardening exists at the population level amongst UK adults. This finding implies the possibility that promoting environmentally-minded gardening techniques may lead to an increase in the health and wellbeing benefits that gardeners can derive from their actions. The paper puts forth a range of potential mechanisms that could explain the identified positive association between sustainable gardening and perceived health benefits and identifies related policy implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper contributes to the sociological understanding of social class inequalities in childhood similarities test scores. We undertake a comparative analysis of two cohorts of British children born 30 years apart. There is a similar negative relationship in both cohorts. Children born in families in the less advantaged social classes have lower childhood similarities test scores. This is consequential because these children enter secondary school with restricted capabilities in logical thinking, concept formation and abstract reasoning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the impact of news and sentiments related to covid-19 on United Kingdom (UK)'s stock returns from February 4, 2020 to December 7, 2020. Our results show that covid-19 daily cases exert a significant negative effect on stock returns whereas covid-19 daily deaths have a significant positive impact. These findings hold when covid-related news and sentiments indices are controlled with the 2nd wave data, and when the US policies and equity market volatilities from infectious diseases are used as controls. The magnitude of the effect of covid cases and deaths indicates that the pandemic is not very harmful to the UK stock market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose--This study will revisit and update the literature on the United States-led occupation of North Korea and explore the reasons for its failure, examining three key aspects: unclear direction and authority, prevalent extrajudicial violence, and widespread antipathy towards citizens residing in the occupied territory. Approach--This article has deployed archival research and other primary documents juxtaposed against a wide range of existing literature. Findings--This study first establishes what went wrong during the occupation of North Korean territory between October and December 1950, then determines which mistakes could have been avoided by allied authorities, demonstrating that the occupation of North Korea was subject to a series of unforced errors which substantially degraded the legitimacy of the overall United Nations effort in Korea. Originality--By incorporating new documents from UK archives, CIA digital collections, and some U.S. military papers, this article advances our understanding of the United States-led occupation of North Korea.C [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article applies a historical linguistic approach to compare specific word choice before, during and after the First World War in a sample of UK newspapers and two Nottingham papers. It finds that language use in Nottingham newspapers was similar to UK papers but at the same time showed marked differences, possibly as a result of local characteristics, circumstances, events and developments, which suggests that people's experience of war in this city did not always follow an overall UK pattern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Feminist sisterhood has been heavily criticized by Black feminists and others as installing a false sense of equality among women and being overly ambitious in disrupting the models and boundaries of the neo-liberal university. This paper draws on the autobiographical account of a White-other, female European migrant academic in the United Kingdom to consider how intersectional disadvantage and privilege shapes feminist sisterhood with profound implications for academic identities, careers, and belonging in the internationalized university and the wider socio-political British context. I draw on my professional trajectory to demonstrate how othering and violence in the form of verbal abuse, microaggressions, misrecognitions, and xenophobic and racist performances of professional authority and superiority operate as dividing mechanisms among feminists within the context of institutional inequalities, color and class prejudice, and global hierarchies of North/South and East/West. I argue that the conditionality of Whiteness, coupled with the gendering, racialization, ethnicization and citizenship rights of European minorities within the pre/post Brexit context affect female migrant academics' sense of legitimacy, belonging, and solidarity. Moreover, unraveling hegemonic feminist subjectivities and the boundaries that are erected against female migrants can expose the racialized aggression and lack of feminist solidarity in neo-liberal British academia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Collected Papers of Zagreb Law Faculty / Zbornik Pravnog Fakulteta u Zagrebu is the property of Sveuciliste u Zagrebu, Pravni Fakultet and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medunarodni Problemi is the property of Institute of International Politics & Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of History Pages is the property of National Technical University of Ukraine KPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

• Digital foodscapes are increasingly populated by digital food influencers (DFIs). • Different digital platforms offer different affordances to talk about food. • DFIs create a series of good food grammars related to clean eating and lifestyle. • DFIs position good food within notions of how to be in life. • DFIs re-inscribe white, hetero-normative middle- and upper- class privilege. Drawing on recent debates around food, space and digital media, this paper introduces and develops the concepts of the digital foodscape and 'good' food grammars. Through a quantitative and qualitative analysis of digital platforms, discourses and personas, we investigate the ways a key set of digital food influencers (DFIs) construct, curate and share the meanings of good food. We first explore who these influencers are, describe what platforms they inhabit, how the variable social media affordances work through these platforms and the notions of good food they construct. We then focus specifically on DFIs' communicative practices on Twitter to analyse the core discourses DFIs produce and those that are taken up by audiences through re-tweets and likes as well as the re-tweeted tweets of DFIs. Overall, our findings suggest that first, good food grammars are being constructed by rule setters beyond the already well-established food personalities and celebrity chefs of the UK's foodscape. Yet, these grammars also re-inscribe a form of white, hetero-normative middle- and upper- class privilege that produces particular grammars of good food. Second, different social media and digital platforms provide space for diverse good food grammars given their variable affordances. Twitter, in particular, is the place where the grammars of DFIs take on non-food themes such as self-empowerment, inspiration, charity campaigning and awareness raising. Third, the notions of good food in DFI grammars revolve around a range of constructions, with the most elevated related to 'clean' eating and/or 'clean' lifestyles that combined healthy, 'free from' diets with fitness regimes and expand DFI grammars – and ultimately their brands – into a more holistic lifestyle brand. This paper's initial empirical and conceptual foray into digital foodscapes and DFIs opens up space for further research on food and digital media within Geography and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Foro Internacional is the property of El Colegio de Mexico AC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The concept of skill level offers a useful tool to policy-makers and researchers of migration to identify labor market needs, to define the type of migrants needed and to find ways to manage migration. But what this concept entails is often overlooked. This paper problematizes skill level by exploring issues and assumptions associated with its application. Following a review of the UK temporary migration programs, this paper compares the experiences of skilled and low-skilled Filipino migrants in the United Kingdom. The findings indicate that inequality between the two groups can be imposed not just by their job role or circumstances prior to migration but by immigration and social policies of the host country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

»Anstöße für gefährdete Subjekte - Soziale Wirkungskredite zwischen Finanzialisierung und Mitgefühl«. This paper explores the consequences of a recent Social Impact Bond (SIB) implementation in the UK at the level of everyday practices in three youth homelessness charities. By focusing on the effects of measuring and valuation devices, it is argued that the SIB transforms the way social welfare is delivered: it redefines practices, relationships, and interactions within service provision along the ambiguous dynamics of marketization processes. On the one hand, this is characterized by moments of creative articulation whereby service interventions connect a multitude of logics and narratives and exhibit both an emotionalized and behaviorist content. On the other hand, as this paper shows, economic principles underpinning the SIB are performatively actualized in the scheme, shaping interactions and relationships. The paper concludes that these two processes should be conceived not as mutually exclusive but as concomitant, yet conflictive forces that shape the marketization process of SIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two decades after the 9/11 attacks, homegrown jihadist violence (HJV) in the West has almost disappeared, but the causes and conditions fomenting the phenomenon have not changed much. In this paper, I argue that, despite the security services' ability to physically destroy the structures and networks of HJV in separate national contexts, the spectre of HJV is haunting theWest as a transnational problem. Dealing effectively with this problem requires a comprehensive understanding of the root causes of HJV and its cross-level and transnational origins. This paper examines such causes through the lens of International Relations' levels of analysis, which allows us to categorize and explain those causes at individual, group, and international levels. The paper seeks to add new insight to the HJV literature and, at the same time, provide a pre-theoretical basis for a broader debate on the causes of this global security problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On 31 January 2020 the UK formally withdrew from the EU, with disengagement to become effective after a period of transition and uncertainty, aggravated by a global health crisis. By analysing the shifting profile of British aid since the Brexit vote and also the terms of the withdrawal, this article intends to shed light on its future course. Building on previous research, three scenarios on post-Brexit aid are considered in section 1: the nationalist; the realist; and the cosmopolitan. Considering the most recent changes in the UK's aid budgets and policy papers, it can be concluded that the country has a realist approach to development cooperation (see section 2). Finally, the paper assesses the impact these changes will be likely to have on European and global aid, ceteris paribus (section 3). Our data show that the UK's volume of aid has remained stable since the Brexit vote in 2016. This has come hand in hand with a shifting pattern of aid allocation: aid provided for health research programmes in the UK, companies and universities has increased, while aid directed at LDCs and DFID programmes has decreased. Our main argument is that the changes match a realist scenario, rather than a cosmopolitan or even a nationalist approach, which would result in decreasing aid and weaker links with partner countries. As a result, and despite the UK's new allocation pattern to countries, sectors and channels, there should be no major impact on aid at the European and global levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has captured great attention and importance in recent years, particularly in the clothing industry. Currently, in order to respond to market requirements, clothing companies are increasing their focus on aspects related to production, working conditions and respect for human rights. The paper examines selected Polish and British clothing companies through the prism of CSR implementation in their business practices. The research objective of the paper is the assessment of the state of CSR advancement in Polish and British clothing companies. The paper presents the results of a qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews with mid-level managers of these companies. The empirical study described in this paper shows how social responsibility is understood by the representatives of Polish and British clothing companies, what kind of CSR activities are pursued by these companies, and how they benefit from these activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of French Journal of British Studies / Revue Française de Civilisation Britannique is the property of Centre de Recherches et d'Etudes en Civilisation Britannique and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of French Journal of British Studies / Revue Française de Civilisation Britannique is the property of Centre de Recherches et d'Etudes en Civilisation Britannique and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

From the 1950s to 1970s a handful of architects and designers developed the use of glass-reinforced plastic (GRP) for external building skins that expressed the nature and possibilities of the material. External panels were designed as non-structural interchangeable cladding and also as structural folded plates and shells. Many GRP buildings were designed as temporary structures and have long since disappeared. Some have survived and, in England, a few have been recognised with listed status for their architectural quality. At about fifty years of age the condition of polymeric components, such as external panels, fixings and joints, is beginning to present new problems in conservation. The case studies in this paper indicate that early estimates for the design life of GRP buildings and components have been surpassed, and that a range of approaches is available and necessary for their conservation. Innovative plastic buildings and components also remain at risk of damage and demolition from a lack of awareness of their existence and value by heritage protection bodies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ager: Journal of Depopulation & Rural Development Studies / Revista de Estudios sobre Despoblación y Desarrollo Rural is the property of Rolde de Estudios Aragoneses and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Highlights • Qualitative study of a key UK surplus food social and charitable redistribution relationship. • Anticipation is important for exploring the concept of surplus and its application to surplus food. • Anticipatory practices express market concerns. • Surplus food redistribution relies on pre-emptive and improvised actions to assure its future consumption. • Actions are identified that keep surplus food categorised as food not waste. Abstract This paper explores the practices that have evolved between a global food retailer and a leading charitable surplus food redistributor to enable the utilization of surplus food in community and charitable meal settings in the UK. I argue that to understand surplus food and its potential futures (consumed or wasted), closer engagement with anticipatory thinking is needed. Drawing on interview data with key stakeholders and observations of the food industry redistribution process the paper explores the anticipatory actions taken by different actors as they attempt to manage the possible futures of foods that become categorized as surplus. The paper shows how different market devices are used to manage market concerns about surplus food and work to assure its future consumption. The devices focus on managing the risks of the food becoming unsafe and the associated legal liabilities. The market concerns, as expressions of anticipatory thinking, inform a series of anticipatory practices throughout the redistribution process to enable all actors, and especially the Retailer, to trust in the process. The paper concludes by noting how reliant the redistribution process is on anticipatory practices, especially pre-emption and improvisation to make the process workable, but also how these work to contain the various concerns within market arrangements. The paper highlights the importance of anticipation as a theoretical basis for exploring surplus food and the concept of surplus more widely. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paediatric urologists manage a spectrum of conditions, much of the evidence for relevant treatment pathways is of low quality. For many conditions treatment varies according to location and surgeon; children with the same condition might have surgery in one unit but watchful waiting in another. Underlying this variation are differences in opinion, and insufficient high-level evidence with few prospective randomized studies. Such studies may be challenging to design, fund and recruit into, and are more likely to succeed if there is a collaborative approach. Research prioritization is a tool to identify the research of most value. Delphi methodology is an interpretive technique aiming to gain the consensus view of interested parties. The British Association of Paediatric Urologists (BAPU) set out to ascertain consensus on what paediatric urologists, working in the UK, consider to be areas of priority for research. This paper describes the process used, and the resulting list of research questions. A scoping survey of paediatric urologists in the UK was undertaken to identify an initial set of research questions. These were refined by the BAPU research committee (BAPU RC), then prioritized using a modified Delphi process. During Stage 1a multiple new research questions were submitted leading to Stage 1b, an interim process. All UK paediatric urologists were invited to take part in Stage 2 of the prioritization process. Sixty-five questions were submitted to the scoping survey by 24 paediatric urologists. The BAPU RC refined these to 60 questions, which were submitted to Stage 1a of the modified Delphi process. Sixty-seven people completed Stage 1a, at the same time submitting 224 additional research questions. The BAPU RC revised the entire question set, ensuring the key subject of the original question was not altered and novel questions were retained. The BAPU RC undertook interim scoring of the resultant 79 questions, the top scoring 25 questions plus 5 lower scoring 'wild card' questions (to ensure the breadth of the specialty was represented) were put forward to Stage 2. A total of 65 people completed Stage 2, including a lay representative. A list of 30 priority research questions was generated; the top 10 includes management of neuropathic bladder, posterior urethral valves, antibiotic prophylaxis, DSD & CAH, continence, male external genitalia, VUR and transition care (Table). This process has provided BAPU, paediatric urologists in the UK, and funders with areas of research considered a priority in the specialty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper describes a study that uses computer simulation to assess the extent of heat stress experienced by pedestrians in three Welsh cities during heatwaves, with a view to identifying implications for urban planning and design practice. The simulation model used localized radiant temperature, wind speed, air temperature, as well as the metabolic rate and clothing insulation of occupants. Simulated results were partially evaluated using field measurement data and from the Land Surface Temperature data obtained from Landsat satellite thermography. Results suggest that peak heat stress is expected to increase by 4.5 °C in Universal Thermal Climate Index equivalent temperature by 2080, especially for urban areas exposed to direct sunlight. The percentage of daytime hours without heat stress are expected to decrease significantly, from 30 to 80% in 2020 to 10–70% by 2080. The study suggests that mitigation measures are essential to reduce future heat stress in Welsh cities and towns; these include interventions such as green and blue infrastructure, choice of trees and artificial shading, choice of both artificial surface materials and vegetation cover, and street layout with proper orientation and aspect ratio. The results have significant implications for local authorities, town planning, and landscape practice. • A simulation model was developed to assess pedestrian heat stress at street level. • It considers radiation, wind, temperature, humidity, metabolic rate and clothing insulation. • The model was applied to assess the current and future heatwaves in Welsh cities. • Heat exposure relates to street aspect, tree, water, shading, surface materials. • The results have implications for local authorities, town planning and landscape practices. • A software tool has been subsequently developed in support of policy and planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The process of devolution in the U.K. since 1999 has created differences in policy and practice between the different parts of the U.K. This paper considers the historic environment sector in Wales. In practice the Welsh system has always been slightly different from other parts of the U.K, not least because of the role of the four independent Welsh Archaeological Trusts in performing duties that elsewhere are undertaken by public-sector bodies. The passing of the Historic Environment (Wales) Act in 2016 has made that divergence apparent in policy terms as well. The new legislation has also brought into being policy changes and new guidance across the planning system. This is broadly welcomed as a positive step for Wales. However, it has occurred at a difficult time for cultural heritage in the U.K. in general, and in Wales in particular, with economic and political issues close to the surface of policy and practice in the sector. This paper explores the interface between politics and heritage, both over the long term and in the context of implementing the new legislation, and discusses some of the implications for the future of the historic environment sector in Wales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The popular smart city concept, for some, is viewed as a vision, manifesto or promise aiming to constitute the 21st century’s sustainable and ideal city form, while for others it is just a hype. This paper places smart city practices from the UK under the microscope to investigate their contributions in achieving sustainable urban outcomes. Panel data analysis methods were employed to investigate changes in carbon dioxide emissions level of 15 UK cities with differential level of city smartness over the period of 2005–2013. The findings reveal that the link between city smartness and carbon dioxide emissions is not linear, and the impact of city smartness on carbon dioxide emissions does not change over time. This finding calls for better aligning smart city strategies to lead to concrete sustainable outcomes. The paper concludes by highlighting the importance of prospective investigations to accurately scrutinise existing smart city projects’ outcomes, and emphasising the necessity of developing smart city agendas that deliver sustainable outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On 24June 2016, a narrow majority of citizens of the United Kingdom voted to leave the European Union, a decision which has exposed deep divisions in British society. This article analyses the extent to which the campaign to leave the EU and its aftermath can be explained in terms of existing definitions of'populism'. It distinguishes between a 'thin' and 'thick' ideology of populism. Whereas the 'thin' ideology refers to a specific political method or style, one which claims to represent the 'true people' against a ruling elite, the 'thick' ideology focuses on substantial ideological elements, e.g. authoritarian and nationalist worldviews. The paper demonstrates that the Brexit campaign has been dominated by exclusive, right-wing populist ideas. In order to understand the appeal of populist parties and movements in the UK, the paper explores the multi-layered factors that have led to widespread support for the anti-European and anti-immigration politics. It argues that a mix of economic, political and cultural disenfranchisement is a root cause of the vote for Brexit. In this light, the Brexit rhetoric of'taking back control' can be interpreted as a (problematic) attempt to overcome disenfranchisement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Evidence around careers shows that many surgeons were inspired early in their career and this was often based on their undergraduate experience. In this context we have reviewed the location of the first degrees of oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) consultants and specialty trainees to look for any patterns or trends. It has been shown that there is variation across medical schools when core surgical trainee recruitment is analysed. To our knowledge no previous paper has undertaken a similar analysis of medical and dental schools in the context of OMFS. The first-degree universities of OMFS specialists and trainees were compiled from the Medical and Dental Register, tabulated and analysed. There were 680 entries in total with dates of graduation ranging from 1967 - 2010. The relative frequency of first-degree locations based on the number of current places for medical and dental students was calculated to aid comparison. There are 'hot-spots' from where many OMFS specialists originate and also universities that rarely or never produce OMF surgeons. Reviewing these figures in the context of the number of places available to students and against time, points to areas where OMFS appears to be promoted, and others were the specialty has a low impact. The University of London leads the way for both medicine and dentistry-first trainees by a considerable margin. Glasgow is the next most productive for dentistry and Nottingham for medicine. The 13 current medical schools from which no OMFS specialists or trainees have originated are Brighton, Cambridge, Anglia Ruskin, Exeter, Hull, Keele, Lancaster, Norwich, Plymouth, Swansea, University of Central Lancashire (UCLan), and Warwick. Other new medical schools are opening this year. There are opportunities for all OMFS units and training rotations to look at 'best practice' for OMFS recruitment and apply as many inspiring interventions as they can in their local medical and dental schools, and in foundation and core training programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]