127 results
Search Results
2. The Material Complexity of Three Seventeenth-Century Cabinets Exported from the Far East.
- Author
-
Brunskog, Maria and Miyakoshi, Tetsuo
- Subjects
TOKUGAWA Period, Japan, 1600-1868 ,SCIENTIFIC method ,TOXICODENDRON vernicifluum ,STRONTIUM isotopes ,X-ray fluorescence ,RADIOCARBON dating - Abstract
This paper focuses on three Far East cabinets that have ended up in Sweden for various reasons and on various routes. Some specific characteristics have been analysed using various scientific methods: sectional microscopy, wood taxonomy, X–ray fluorescence microscopy, pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, strontium isotope ratio measurement, and radiocarbon dating. The results show that the cabinets contain wood from species endemic to Japan, namely asunaro (Thujopsis dolabrata) and hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtuse). They are coated with urushi sap derived from Toxicodendron vernicifluum trees, in two cases confirmed to be harvested in China, and one case probably blended with sap exuded from Toxicodendron succedanea harvested in North Vietnam. Their black appearance is due to a soot pigment typical of many products from the early Edo period or older. The data obtained with scientific methods, unavailable in the past, improve knowledge about these cabinets. Such new information should be made available to scholars and the general public. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Die Gerechtigkeitsbewegung für die „Trostfrauen“ in intersektionaler postkolonialer Sicht.
- Author
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Lenz, Ilse
- Subjects
COLONIES ,FEMINISM ,SEX workers ,SEXUAL assault ,WAR ,COMFORT women ,COLLECTIVE memory - Abstract
During the Asia Pacifi c War (1937-1945), the Japanese Imperial Army forced women in Japanese East Asian colonies to work as so-called “comfort women” (sex workers). The justice movement for these women is an international intersectional alliance of feminists from Japanese ex-colonies in East Asia, the former colonial power Japan, and other societies, such as Australia, Germany, and the USA. This long-term feminist justice movement has campaigned for an apology and compensation from the Japanese government, as well as for recognition of “comfort women‘s” suff ering and of sexual violence in war in cultural memory. Through researching this justice movement from a processual intersectionality perspective, this paper shows that it gained power and legitimacy from refl ecting and working on its internal intersectional inequalities. This included refl ecting on the class hierarchies between many former “comfort women”, who had power of defi nition, and intellectual feminist activists, as well as on the postcolonial divide between former Japanese colonies and the former colonial power Japan, leading it to develop horizontal cooperation and practices. Following an overview, the paper outlines the movements in South Korea, Japan, and Germany, and highlights the different postcolonial constellation between East Asia and Germany, the main actors, and their aims. While the Japanese government rejected the justice movement‘s demands and the right wing mobilised against it, has been able to infl uence cultural memory to widely recognize sexual violence in war and the dignity of the “comfort women”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Regional aspects of financial development and renewable energy: A cross-sectional study in 214 countries.
- Author
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Skare, Marinko, Gavurova, Beata, and Sinkovic, Dean
- Subjects
RENEWABLE energy sources ,ENERGY development ,BUSINESSPEOPLE ,INVESTORS ,SUSTAINABLE development - Abstract
Renewable energy is one of the most promising technologies for developing sustainable energy systems. This paper presents empirical evidence on the finance-green energy nexus. We use an extensive database on financial development (depth, access, efficiency, stability) from 1960 to 2017 for 214 countries, providing the first, to our knowledge, comprehensive empirical investigation on all four dimensions. We show macroeconomic and energy development conditions (public/social awareness and willingness, policy and legal framework, fossil fuels orientation, energy sector competition) are crucial to leverage financing and improve financing conditions for renewable energy entrepreneurs. Our empirical findings show that the financial system in East Asia and the Pacific is a significant constraint for investments in sustainable technologies. The cost of capital and debt, as well as the cost of equity and assets, for green investors, is commonly 30% higher than for non-green investors. Our findings support the crowding-in effect for South Asia. Here we supply empirical knowledge on the policymakers' and investors (governments, institutions, markets) goals, policies, and instruments targeting green financing and sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. ¿Lejano Oriente como arma para la revolución? Reflexiones sobre el papel de la filosofía oriental en la obra de Byung-Chul Han.
- Author
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Botero Bernal, Andrés, Aguirre Román, Javier Orlando, and Almeyda Sarmiento, Juan David
- Subjects
PHILOSOPHY ,BUDDHISM ,ZEN Buddhism ,LIBERTY ,FALSIFICATION ,ONTOLOGY - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Estudios de Filosofía is the property of Universidad de Antioquia, Instituto de Filosofia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Embedding food in place and rural development: Insights from the Bluefin Tuna Cultural Festival in Donggang, Taiwan.
- Author
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Lin, Yi-Chieh Jessica and Bestor, Theodore C.
- Subjects
BLUEFIN tuna ,RURAL development ,FOOD tourism ,TOURISM impact ,RETURN migration ,FOOD sovereignty ,REGIONAL identity (Psychology) - Abstract
This paper examines the role of the "Bluefin Tuna Cultural Festival" in developing and sustaining regional identities within the context of rural regeneration, sustainability, and the creation of closer relationships between production and consumption in the countryside. It focuses on Donggang, Southern Taiwan, an area with rural development issues, increasing tourism impacts, and contested issues of local identity, sustainability, and an aging society. This paper draws on public discourse and in-depth interviews with key stakeholders in Donggang to understand the conditions required for substantiating authenticity of the gastronomic products and experiences and the promotion of an appealing gastronomic image. This study traces the process of embedding bluefin tuna in Donggang through marketing, branding and provides a preliminary conceptualization of interrelations between gastronomic tourism and community development in East Asia. The paper draws attention to these particular issues issues: the commodification of local heritage and countryside capital, strategies and challenges of hosting culinary festivals and resolving the issue of return migration. • Local food is a marker of openness and balance between fine palate and sustainability. • Bluefin Tuna Cultural Festival connects consumers to perceived culture and heritage. • Bluefin Tuna Cultural Festival shows that local food can enhance visitor experience. • Social relationships with food are at odds with the ecosystem's health and longevity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Duterte's 'Pivot to China' and the Influence of the Public.
- Author
-
Jinhyun Lee
- Subjects
BELT & Road Initiative ,PUBLIC opinion ,COST of living ,ECONOMIC opportunities ,INTERNATIONAL relations - Abstract
The decline of the U.S. and the rise of China have been one of the main drivers of change in the foreign policy of the countries in East Asia. Although having been often called "hedging," recent developments show more variation in states' response in the region. President Duterte's leaning towards China, possibly in response to the economic opportunities given by the Belt and Road Initiative, has reversed the predecessor's position. This poses puzzles that demand explanations beyond the state-level analysis. This paper examines what accounts for the shift and whether it is sustainable. Although the Philippines' foreign policy has traditionally been driven by the ruling elites, the election of President Duterte in 2016 has drawn renewed attention to the public as one of the domestic factors that influence foreign policy. Duterte's pivot to China appears to be conflicting with the general sentiments of the public about the U.S. and China, but in line with their aspirations for economic prosperity, considering the potential economic benefits that China can offer. This paper argues that recent policies can be explained by the dominant sentiment present in East Asia called "econophoria" (Buzan & Segal, 1994), which refers to the prioritization of economic growth to the point that legitimacy comes from rising living standards. It contends that econophoria is not something imposed by the state, but it is a choice by society as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
8. 東アジアにおける移住ケア労働者の構築.
- Author
-
小川玲子
- Subjects
MIGRANT labor ,LABOR market ,WELFARE state ,INTERNSHIP programs - Abstract
Copyright of Japanese Sociological Review / Shakaigaku Hyoron is the property of Japan Sociological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
9. Globalization and Omnivorousness: Analysis Based on East Asian Social Survey.
- Author
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Shichao Du
- Subjects
SOCIAL surveys ,GLOBALIZATION ,SOCIAL classes - Abstract
Most of the previous research on cultural taste supports class determinism. However, rapid cultural flow following globalization makes it possible for consumers of different classes to access various cultural products, which declares the failure of class determinism in cultural taste. The paper proposes the regional shift and the classificatory shift in taste research. It also examines the effect of globalization on cultural taste through "horizontal" and "vertical" omnivorousness in East Asian societies. The study finds that: (1) social class fails to predict cultural omnivorousness; (2) individuals with higher level of globalization have a wider range of cultural taste; (3) the process of globalization on national level encourages people to appreciate various cultural products. The discussion on the effect of globalization on cultural omnivorousness in East Asia helps to better understand patterns of cultural taste in a globalized context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
10. COVID-19, policy change, and post-pandemic data governance: a case analysis of contact tracing applications in East Asia.
- Author
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Li, Veronica Q. T., Liang Ma, and Xun Wu
- Subjects
CONTACT tracing ,TRACE analysis ,COVID-19 ,DIGITAL technology ,COVID-19 pandemic ,INFLUENZA pandemic, 1918-1919 - Abstract
In an era of digitalization, governments often turn to digital solutions for pressing policy issues, and the use of digital contact tracing and quarantine enforcement for COVID-19 is no exception. The longterm impacts of the digital solutions, however, cannot be taken for granted. The development and use of data tools for pandemic control, for example, may have potentially detrimental and irreversible impacts on data governance and, more broadly, society, in the long run. In this paper, we aim to explore the extent to which COVID-19 and digital contact tracing have led to policy change in data governance, if at all, and what the implications of such change would be for a post-COVID world. We compare the use of contact tracing and monitoring applications across mainland China, Hong Kong, and Singapore to illustrate both the enormous benefits and potential risks arising from the design of contact tracing applications and the involvement of stakeholders in the various stages of the policy cycle to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. We argue that, while COVID-19 has not changed the nature of issues, such as public trust in data governance, the increasing involvement of big tech in data policies, and data privacy risks, it has exacerbated those issues through the accelerated adoption of data technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. The Influence of Civil Society on Welfare Expansion in East Asia: A Comparative Study of Singapore and South Korea.
- Author
-
Yeo Qin-Liang
- Subjects
CIVIL society ,PUBLIC welfare ,WELFARE state ,ACTIVISM ,COMPARATIVE studies ,POLITICAL reform ,SOCIAL policy - Abstract
East Asian countries are often characterized as productivist welfare states whose social policies are subordinated to economic growth. However, in the past decade, public pressure for welfare expansion (or welfarism) has built up across all East Asian countries - including China, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore. Therefore, this paper asks: How has pro-welfare civil society influenced welfare expansion in East Asia over the past decade? Addressing this research question will help fill the theoretical gap on the relationship between contemporary pro-welfare civil society activism and welfare state expansion in East Asian countries. I address this theoretical gap by devising the New Power Approach which argues that pro-welfare civil society is the main driver of welfare expansions when the incumbent government is conservative. By implication, the stronger the pro-welfare civil society in generating political impetus for reforms, the greater the extent of welfare expansion in the country with a conservative government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. East Asian Modernities and Localized Media and Cultural Studies.
- Author
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Kang, Myung-Koo
- Subjects
MASS media & culture ,CULTURE & globalization ,CULTURAL studies ,GLOBALIZATION - Abstract
ABSTRACT ¡°East Asian Modernities and Local Media and Cultural Studies¡± The paper examined how East Asian media and cultural studies have approached the uneven and yet intricately connected historical formation of multiple modernities at cultural, socio-economic and political levels. The paper explored how East Asian media and cultural studies have framed their methodological and theoretical concerns in the context of rapid state-led socio-political transformation, de-traditionalization, and globalization. The first section looked back over the trajectories of the formative process of East Asian Media and Cultural Studies. In it the study inspected how East Asian MCS identify the formation of East Asian modernities in terms of the formation of cultural identities mediated by the media industries in the era of globalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. LEARNING FROM THE ASIAN TIGERS: LESSONS IN ECONOMIC GROWTH.
- Author
-
TOMA, SORIN-GEORGE
- Subjects
ECONOMIC development ,TIGERS ,ECONOMIC models ,GROSS domestic product - Abstract
Since the end of the 1950s and the beginning of the 1960s, Asia has begun the race for economic supremacy at the global level. The so-called "Four Asian Tigers" are those countries which have continually experienced rapid and significant economic growth over the last half of century and comprise the high growth and income economies of Singapore, Hong Kong, South Korea and Taiwan. These East Asian countries were largely considered as economic models since their growth rates of real per capita gross domestic product in the period 1960-1995 reached around 6% per year. As economic growth represents the outcome of specific issues, the paper aims to identify and present the main factors that contributed to the meteoric growth of the Asian Tigers by focusing on the economies of three of them, namely Singapore, Hong Kong, and South Korea. The methodological approach was based on a quantitative method. The paper argues that important lessons related to economic growth could be drawn from the valuable experience of these countries. Also, it identifies and presents some of the most important factors, such as the developmental state and the rapid industrialization, that highly contributed to their impressive economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
14. Ecological urbanism in East Asia: A comparative assessment of two eco-cities in Japan and China.
- Author
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Lin, Zhongjie
- Subjects
CITIES & towns ,URBAN policy ,ECONOMIC development ,URBAN planning ,STAKEHOLDERS - Abstract
The growth of projects translating the concept of eco-city into practices has accelerated during the last fifteen years, making the eco-city a global phenomenon. Asia in particular has witnessed notable developments, characterized by strong governmental intervention and national initiatives to create model eco-cities. In Japan, the central government launched an “Eco-Model Cities” program in 2008 and has designated twenty-three model cities. In China, hundreds of municipalities have pursued plans to become an eco- or low-carbon city following the government’s demonstration projects. Across East Asia, the eco-city is promoted as an innovative urban policy capable of advancing the agendas of sustainable urbanization and the realignment of the post-industrial urban economy. This paper compares the policies and strategies of developing eco-cities in Japan and China using Kitakyushu and Tianjin Eco-city as case studies. It examines these cities’ common and contrasting approaches to ecological urbanism, their respective technological and urban design strategies, the relationship between eco-city building and local economic development, and the roles played by different stakeholders in this effort. The research focuses on their Key Performance Indicator systems and the spatial qualities they anticipate, which reflect fundamentally different ideas about what societal role an eco-city should best play. The comparative method sheds light on debates around important aspects of planning and managing an eco-city––namely, between new town and retrofit development, between top-down directive and bottom-up force, and between the eco-city as technology and as culture. This paper thus offers critical insight into the changing notions of urbanity within Asian society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. University as real estate developer: Comparative perspectives from the Global East.
- Author
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Oh, Do Young and Shin, Hyun Bang
- Subjects
REAL estate developers ,REAL estate development ,QUALITATIVE research ,REAL property ,SOCIAL role - Abstract
By examining comparatively two recent projects of university-led large-scale real estate development in South Korea and Singapore, this paper contributes to the ongoing efforts to problematise the methodological statism in the study of East Asian urbanisation, i.e., understanding it as a process dominated by state actors, on the one hand, and to challenge the perspective that university-led real estate projects are a neoliberal strategy as conventionally understood in the West on the other. To this end, this paper uses qualitative research methods to investigate how and why East Asian universities participate in real estate development projects; how the universities pursue their material goals by negotiating with the state, which is known to have led condensed urbanisation and industrialisation in East Asia (Global East). This paper concludes that speculative real estate development activities of East Asian universities are variegated based on their developmental legacies and need to be understood as more nuanced processes. The case studies demonstrate that East Asian universities have worked beyond their social roles by directly participating in the urban process, pursuing the accumulation of real estate assets that would eventually undermine their public role as educational institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Development of chromatographic technologies for the quality control of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.
- Author
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Shen, Ming-Rui, He, Yi, and Shi, Shang-Mei
- Subjects
CHINESE medicine ,QUALITY control ,PHARMACOPOEIAS ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
As an important branch of medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been applied for the treatment of diseases for thousands of years in China and other countries in East Asia. The Chinese Pharmacopoeia (ChP) is a drug code formulated by the Chinese government, and it includes a special volume for the monographs of TCM, which plays an important role in ensuring the quality of drugs. The use of quality control technology has always been a complex and important factor in TCM. Owing to the chemical diversity of TCM, chromatography technology has been proven to be a comprehensive strategy for the assessment of the overall quality of TCM and has become the main analytical method in the ChP. This article provides an overview of the classical and modern chromatographic technologies applied in the ChP, and summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of each technique in the TCM monographs. In 2020, the new edition of the ChP (the 2020 edition) has been implemented at the end of 2020. This paper also contains a brief introduction about the application of chromatographic technologies in the new edition of the ChP. [Display omitted] • An overview of the classical and modern chromatographic technologies applied in the ChP. • A discussion of the reason why each chromatographic technologies was chosen in the quality control of TCM. • Introduction of the chromatographic technologies applied in the 2020 edition of ChP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. The moralities of consumption and interactions among consumer cooperatives in East Asia.
- Author
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Wahn, I-Liang
- Subjects
CONSUMER cooperatives ,IMAGINATION ,EDUCATION advocacy ,ETHICS ,SOCIAL context ,CONSUMERS - Abstract
Alternative food networks are embedded in sociocultural contexts and have developed distinctive features in different regions, but the literature has generally overlooked how AFNs interact and build networks across countries. This paper fills this gap by analyzing how consumer cooperatives in Taiwan have been inspired by pioneers in Japan, and how Taiwan AFNs now influence their counterparts in China. It shows that specific social material arrangements consist of translated books, the intermediary organizations and mutual visits facilitating a sequence of influence among consumer cooperatives across national borders. These social material arrangements disseminate a specific morality of consumption, teiki , that has reframed the food consumer as a 'life person', designed solidarity economies for 'collective purchasing', and established local distribution stations for agrifood education or policy advocacy. The paper illustrates how AFNs in East Asia share similar moralities of consumption, but have also adapted teiki to different social contexts and developed different imaginations of consumer citizen. • Examines the interactions and learning among consumer cooperatives and CSAs across countries. • Highlights how specific social material arrangements supported interactions and help disseminate specific discourses and practices. • Advances understanding of the characteristics of East Asian AFNs that share a similar morality of consumption. • Argues that it is useful to analyze the morality of consumption to understand consumer-farmer relations and political agency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Media Imperialism Waned? The Cultural Politics of Korean Wave in East Asia.
- Author
-
Nam, Siho
- Subjects
CULTURE & globalization ,POPULAR culture ,MASS media ,HEGEMONY - Abstract
Pointing out some limitations of current media studies scholarship on globalization in terms of its inadequacies in understanding the forms and practices of cultural globalization at the intra-regional level, this paper undertakes to construct a theoretical framework through which to examine the global-local nexus within East Asian regional context. By taking up the case of Korean Wave, an increasing popularity of Korean media and popular culture in East Asia and beyond, it discusses both theoretical and policy implications of this Korean-version of hegemonic, expansionistic media regionalization in hampering cultural diversity in the region. Ultimately, the main goal of this paper is to take a critical yet context-specific look at the juncture where politics, economy, history, culture, and the media come together in fashioning the conditions, processes, and outcomes of cultural globalization in East Asia. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
19. The Neomercantilist Residual Welfare States in East Asia: Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Singapore.
- Author
-
Pil Ho Kim
- Subjects
INVESTORS ,WELFARE economics ,INDUSTRIALIZATION ,ECONOMIC development - Abstract
This paper attempts to theorize the welfare state formation in advanced East Asian capitalist economies in the context of economic development strategy. State-led, export-oriented industrialization pioneered by Japan and followed by the Four Tigers of South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Singapore set the basic parameters of the Neomercantilist Residual Welfare State (NRWS): low social spending and heavy reliance on family and enterprise welfare. While other theoretical approaches see a general 'underdevelopment' of social welfare in these economies, this paper argues that the NRWS employs 'surrogate social policies' that compensate for the lack of conventional welfare policies without proper noticed in the comparative welfare state literature. Among others, agricultural subsidies for small farmers and the statutory retirement payment for the working and middle classes in Japan, Korea and Taiwan can be considered as such.A major divergence within the East Asian NRWS stems from two factors. One is that Singapore and Hong Kong are small city-states without rural hinterlands; the other is colonial legacy in that the city-states inherited the British-introduced social welfare institutions while Japan, Korea and Taiwan developed the social insurance-based system through policy diffusion and importation. Therefore, the NRWS has two subsets, the city-state and the nation-state model. The NRWS was predicated upon the development strategy that enabled the East Asian 'economic miracle' in the late twentieth century. Recent changes in political economic environments, often summarized into globalization and democratization, have set off a complex process of global convergence/regional divergence of the welfare state in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
20. Consuming the Modernity, Consuming the West? Coffee in East Asia.
- Author
-
Yi-Ping Shih and Cheng-Heng Chang
- Subjects
CONSUMPTION (Economics) ,COFFEE ,MODERNITY ,CONSUMERISM ,CONSUMER behavior - Abstract
With a focus on East Asian modernity, this paper tends to challenge the western-centric understanding of modernity by including a discussion of Asian cultural perspectives by study coffee consumption in East Asia. this is an study to understand how a society adopts foreign goods. Does Starbucks tell the story of Macdonaldization we have now, or how different they are? By historical documents, in-depth interview and business statitsics, this paper analyzes the history of coffee consumption and it sociological meaning for local societies. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
21. The Divergent Paths of the East Asian Welfare Regimes: The Effects of Production Regimes and Democratization.
- Author
-
Chan-Ung Park
- Subjects
WELFARE state ,MILITARY government ,DEMOCRATIZATION ,GLOBALIZATION ,SOCIOECONOMICS ,INTERNATIONAL markets - Abstract
Is there a single East Asian welfare state model? How did economic policies, globalization, democratization, and economic crisis affect the welfare regimes of the East Asian societies? Such factors have been examined within the context of western advanced societies. Also, the studies on the East Asian cases tend to remain in the 20th century. This paper sought to expand the welfare state debates using a comparative dataset of the representative East Asian societies (Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, and Philippines) since the late 1980s to 2005. During this period, these societies experienced post-industrialization, globalization, and democratization with different degree, pace, and tracks. Unlike the western societies, they experienced such changes in a short time-span. Thus, the eight East Asian societies present unique opportunities to examine the recent debates on welfare state programs not only for the region, but welfare regimes in general. With a comparative analysis of the trends of various factors, the paper concluded that the East Asian welfare regimes diverged into two types. Also, it argued that such divergence can be explained by the institutional legacy based on the developmental state programs (or, production regimes) and the degree of democratization. Also, economic globalization and economic crisis in late 1990s did not directly affect long-term trends of social welfare. They influenced the current welfare regimes only in conjunction with the level of democratization. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
22. Varieties of East Asian Welfare Capitalism: The Nation-state Model of Japan, Korea, and Taiwan.
- Author
-
Pil Ho Kim
- Subjects
ECONOMIC policy ,PUBLIC welfare ,ECONOMIC structure ,DEMOCRATIZATION ,POLITICAL doctrines - Abstract
Comparing the linkages between political economy and social welfare between advanced capitalist economies in East Asia, this paper suggests a two-model approach toward the East Asian welfare states. On the one hand, there are the nation-state model of Japan, Korea and Taiwan, and the city-state model of Hong Kong and Singapore on the other. The nation-state model, in particular, is based on historical ties between these three countries and similarities in their political economic regimes that feature a strong developmentalist orientation and welfare conservatism. But the recent move towards democratization in Korea and Taiwan has destabilized the conservative model of welfare capitalism, bringing about significant welfare expansion in these two countries. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
23. The Emergence of Giant Transnational Contractors in East Asia: Emergent Trends in Global Supply Chains.
- Author
-
Appelbaum, Richard
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL trade ,SUPPLY chains ,ECONOMIC trends ,CONTRACTORS ,FACTORIES - Abstract
The rise of giant transnational contractors, based primarily in Hong Kong, Taiwan, South Korea, and China, who operate factories throughout the world, is a yet-unstudied trend that has important implications for global development. These factories are primarily found in East Asia (China, Vietnam, Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia), Mexico, and Central America, although in certain sectors (such as apparel) they are beginning to appear in Africa as well. The emergence of giant transnational contractors portends a dramatic shift of organizational power within global supply chains, as large factories provide a potential counterweight to the growing power of retailers. This paper offers some preliminary observations on two aspects of global supply chains: how the trend towards concentration of production in large transnational East Asian contractors impacts the relative power of contractors vis-à-vis retailers, and the extent to which large contractors generate linkages with other firms and sectors locally that contribute to industrial upgrading and thereby broader-based economic development, as well as working conditions. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
24. Culture, Rationality. and the Generation of Economic Cooperation in East Asia.
- Author
-
Sun-ki Chai and Ming Liu
- Subjects
CULTURE ,MANNERS & customs ,PROBLEM solving ,CULTURAL values ,DECISION making - Abstract
Explanation of economic interactions within East Asia has long been split between those who view action as an outcome of rational decision-making by an autonomous state and those who view it as a result of cultural patterns ingrained in Confucianism and other elements of traditional culture. This paper shows how these two approaches can used in a complementary rather than conflicting manner to explain the origins of cooperative private enterprise in East Asia under very different structural circumstances than in the west. It does so by examining ways in which cultural norms act as kind of social capital, providing points of convergence for rational actors in situations of strategic uncertainty which would otherwise induce multiple equilibria. Norms as social capital will be particularly important at those points in history when new institutions are being formed, and can lead to distinct institutional forms. Once created, however, the institutions themselves can structure incentives in a way that leads to self-perpetuation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
25. 依賴發展型技能形成體制: 重訪台灣工業職業教育制度的歷史發展 與轉...
- Author
-
鄭志鵬
- Subjects
EMPLOYEE participation in management ,VOCATIONAL education ,HUMAN capital ,CURRICULUM planning ,HUMAN resources departments ,VOCATIONAL guidance - Abstract
Copyright of Taiwanese Sociology is the property of Taiwanese Sociology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Investigation of the aerotropolis concept and its transferability around the world.
- Author
-
Corrêa Pereira, Anna Carolina, Milne, David, and Timms, Paul
- Subjects
AIR travel ,DEVELOPING countries ,TWENTY-first century - Abstract
Academic and industrial literature highlight the importance of airport-driven development (ADD) for the 21st Century. Several different types of ADD concepts have been defined, such as aerotropolis and airport city, but there are often substantial differences between authors about definitions. Such differences can potentially create confusion when ADD concepts are used by airport planners in their planning documents (e.g., master plans) and the marketing materials (e.g., brochures and airport websites). Given that large amounts of investment can often depend upon the marketing of a particular ADD concept, such confusion is highly problematic for the air transport industry. However, previous research has not explicitly addressed this issue. To help fill this research gap, the current paper has four different purposes, to: (1) compare definitions of the airport-driven development concepts in the academic literature, (2) compare definitions with real-life examples given by researchers; (3) compare academic definitions and examples with industry usage, as found on airport websites and in airport planning documents; and (4) investigate aspects of the transferability of the ADD concepts (from one region to another and from the academic literature to the industry and vice-versa). Using information from airport websites and master plans, it was found that the terms aerotropolis and airport city are used interchangeably by researchers but not by the industry. However, the use of terms by the industry depends heavily upon the (continental) location of airports, with the analysis presented in the paper distinguishing between airports in North America, Latin America, South and East Asia, Europe and the Middle East. Such analysis enables conclusions to be made about the transferability of ADD concepts, originating in the Global North, to the Global South. • Airports examples of airport-driven development concepts differ by researchers.. • Airports examples of airport-driven development concepts in the academic literature diverge from the industry. • The way the industry classifies airports to airport-driven development concepts depends on the location of airports. • Proximity and strategic investments influence the transferability of the concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. MEASURING PORT BRAND EQUITY: A SENTIMENT ANALYSIS ON PORT SOCIAL MEDIA MESSAGES.
- Author
-
BAŞTUĞ, Sedat, ÇALIŞIR, Vahit, GÜLMEZ, Seçil, and ATEŞ, Alpaslan
- Subjects
SENTIMENT analysis ,BRAND equity ,SOCIAL media ,HARBORS ,MARKETING research ,RESEARCH methodology - Abstract
Copyright of Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of University of Cumhuriyet, Faculty of Sciences & Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
28. 毛里英於菟の「東亜協同体」論からみた 東アジアの地域秩序構想.
- Author
-
樋口秀実
- Subjects
ORGANIZATIONAL sociology ,ETHNIC groups ,ROLE theory ,INTERNATIONAL cooperation - Abstract
Copyright of Asian Economies is the property of Institute of Developing Economies, JETRO and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Anytime Autonomous English MALL App Engagement.
- Author
-
Byrne, Jason
- Subjects
MOBILE learning ,INTERNET of things - Abstract
Mobile assisted language learning (MALL) apps are often said to be 'Anytime' activities. But, when is 'Anytime' exactly? The objective of the paper is to provide evidence for the when of MALL activity around the world. The research method involved the collection and analysis of an EFL app's time data from 44 countries. The findings were surprising in the actual consistency of usage, 24/7, across 43 of the 44 countries. The 44th country was interesting in that it differed significantly in terms of night time usage. The research also noted differences in Arab, East Asian and Post-Communist country usage, to what might be construed to be a general worldwide app time usage norm. The results are of interest as the time data findings appear to inform the possibility of a potentially new innovative pedagogy based on an emerging computational awareness of context and opportunity, suggesting a possible future language learning niche within the Internet of Things (IoT), of prompted, powerful, short-burst, mobile learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Judicial perspectives from the European Union for Public Participation in Environmental Matters in East Asia.
- Author
-
Mauerhofer, Volker and Larssen, Christine
- Subjects
COMMUNITY involvement ,ENVIRONMENTAL impact analysis ,LEGAL judgments - Abstract
This paper aims to provide judicial perspectives for Public Participation in Environmental Matters in East Asia based on the example of the European Union (EU). This is done both by means of an in-depth literature review which covers research papers, legislative documents and court decisions, and by means of a comparative analysis of court cases. The focus is on the implementation by the EU of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Aarhus Convention, which applies and details Principle 10 of the Rio Declaration. The assessment starts by providing an overview of several legislative documents issued by the EU for different policy sectors and briefly describes the contents regarding the implementation of the Aarhus Convention. Based thereon, the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union is analysed. Seventeen judgements enforcing the Aarhus Convention for the EU level are described and their significance to a regional integration process is outlined. This provides valuable information to a region such as East Asia which plans to enter soon into a stronger regional integration process and which has the clear potential for improvement toward increased Public Participation in Environmental Matters based on the globally applicable Principle 10 of the Rio Declaration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Establishing a second-tier panel of 18 ancestry informative markers to improve ancestry distinctions among Asian populations.
- Author
-
Qu, Shengqiu, Zhu, Jing, Wang, Yinji, Yin, Lu, Lv, Meili, Wang, Li, Jian, Hui, Tan, Yu, Zhang, Ranran, Liu, Yuqing, Li, Fei, Huang, Sicheng, Liang, Weibo, and Zhang, Lin
- Subjects
GENEALOGY ,GENE frequency ,SOUTH Asians - Abstract
• 18 new Ancestry informative markers (AIMs) were screened from the 1000 Genomes Project. • A novel panel of 18 AIMs can improve ancestry distinctions among Asian populations. • Our panel could distinguish the GIH (Gujarati Indian in Houston, TX) from other South Asian groups. At present, several mature ancestry informative SNP (AISNP) panels are used to distinguish between continental regions of the world, but a more accurate division within the continent requires a secondary panel to complete. However, many AISNPs for the subgroup ancestry inference are selected from the Kidd Lab panel of 55 AISNPs or other published papers. These panels inevitably lack valuable markers for subgroup ancestry inference. Therefore, instead of choosing from the published panels, we used the 1000 Genomes Project to screen potentially informational markers in Asian populations, including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertion/deletion polymorphisms (InDels). The allele frequencies of all autosomal SNPs and InDels of the 1000 Genomes Project were compared between 10 populations in Asia to identify markers with the largest pairwise allele frequency differences. Finally, we established a second-tier panel of 18 AIMs in this study, which not only divided the 26 populations of the 1000 Genomes Project into six clusters, but also divided the Asia subgroup into four clusters: Gujarati, East Asia, Southeast Asia and South Asia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. MEANS OF TRANSPORT BY UDEHE: THE TRANSFORMATION AND SURVIVAL OF MATERIAL CULTURE.
- Author
-
Degtiar, Vladimir
- Subjects
MATERIAL culture ,EVERYDAY life ,ECONOMIC activity - Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to describe how the material culture of the indigenous hunters and fshermen of the Udehe in the Far East of Russia have been transformed by outside infuence, from an autonomous and already sophisticated culture to a dependent and modernized one. The discussion centres around the means of water transport, two kinds of dugout boats (the bat and omorochka) because they were and still are essential for hunting and fshing, which are the main economic activities of Udehe. The author demonstrates how this one part of material culture has changed in manufacturing and use, and what has changed in the everyday life due to this transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Shaping futures in Sino-character: What's in a name of East Asian futures studies?
- Author
-
Bae, Ilhan
- Subjects
FUTURES studies ,PLURALISM ,FUTUROLOGISTS ,LINGUISTICS - Abstract
This paper highlights how the Sino-character system, because it lacks a plural form, hinders promulgating and popularizing the concept of plural and diverse futures in Korea, Greater China, and Japan. Difficulties are revealed when East Asian futurists emphasize the plural concept of ‘future + s’, because the linguistic conventions of Sino-character languages and cultures do not clearly express plurality. The singular-form wording for ‘future + s’ excused by East Asian futurists tends to unintentionally stick a knowledge divide between public and futurists. It also shapes a more uniform, less diverse image of the future. This paper suggests that those engaged in East Asian futures studies adopts a standardized and more intuitively understandable Sino-character term for ‘future + s’ to enable futurists to effectively publicize and popularize the more plural, diverse and alternative values of futures studies. It also suggests related guidelines for creating and establishing a more popular term for ‘future + s’. Finally, author coins the term ‘multi + future’ in Sino-characters as a useful term to effectively spread a more diverse, pluralistic concept of alternative futures in East Asian countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. "From Suzerainty to Sovereignty: the Shifting Norms of International Relations in 19th century East Asia".
- Author
-
Park, Jung
- Subjects
EAST Asian politics & government, 1945- ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,INTERNATIONAL law ,SOVEREIGNTY - Abstract
During the mid to late 19th century, Japan and other East Asian countries faced major shifts from internal and external factors. International relations in East Asia before the mid 19th century was based on Sino-centric and hierarchical suzerainty. Japan, which was peripheral to the suzerain state system later came to dominate East Asia economically and militarily. Japan abandoned the suzerain state system model to adopt the model of international law. Though Japan's exposure to international law was through the unequal (Ansei) treaties of 1853, but international law aided Japan's dominance in the region. The paper explores why and how Japan interpreted international law in the 19th century using theories from international relations and comparative historical sociology. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
35. Nationalism and Melancholia in East Asian Modernity.
- Author
-
CHO, Eunjoo
- Subjects
NATIONALISM ,MENTAL depression ,BIPOLAR disorder ,MODERNITY - Abstract
This study approaches East Asian colonialism with the psychoanalytic concept of 'melancholia'. Through exploring the cases of two famous comic series, one South Korean and the other Japanese - Nambul and Zipang, this paper delves into the triadic structure of East Asian colonialism which has affected memory, interpretation and representation of modern history in East Asian societies. Both works in this study are alike in the respect of dealing with imaginary war stories, (re)constructing alternative history, and presenting nationalist revision of historical experiences. Moreover, their view of pre-existing history involves melancholia, which Freud regarded as pathological sentiment and attitude to the loss. Their melancholic despair and the revision of history in both Nambul and Zipang lead us to pay attention to the triadic structure of non-Western colonialism in East Asia. It is a crucial key of understanding how colonial history is remembered and represented. It affects modernity in East Asian societies in these days as well as in colonial times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
36. The Social Demography of China's Muslims.
- Author
-
Poston, Jr., Dudley L. and Li Zhang
- Subjects
CHINESE Muslims ,DEMOGRAPHY ,RELIGIOUS dissenters - Abstract
In this paper we describe the demographic characteristics and dynamics of the 20-21 million Muslims in China. We ask whether Chinese Muslims could ever have the national and international impacts of Muslims elsewhere in the world. Will Chinese Muslims ever be expected to impact China, the East Asia region, and the world in the same manner as, say, Muslims in Iraq or in Iran, have impacted their countries, the Gulf region and the world? Owing to the vast differences among the Muslim groups and the uneasy if not suppressive relationship of the Chinese government to any body with a political agenda involving separatism, among other reasons, we conclude that it is doubtful that Chinese Muslims could ever have the national and international impacts of Muslims elsewhere in the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
37. The Steel and Shipbuilding Industries of South Korea: Rising East Asia and Globalization.
- Author
-
Kyoung-ho Shin and Ciccantell, Paul
- Subjects
STEEL industry ,DEFENSE industries ,SHIPBUILDING industry ,GLOBALIZATION - Abstract
In this paper, we focus on the roles of the steel and shipbuilding industries in Korea's rapid economic ascent to a leading role in the global economy. We will address three specific questions. First, how did the Korean government foster the development of leading firms that became leaders in their global industries? Second, how did the Korean firms survive the competition with Japanese firms in these industries? We focus on the main strategies for the success of the Korean steel and shipbuilding industries in terms of organization, international cooperation, and the adoption of various new technologies. Third, what are the implications of the emergence of Chinese competitors and China's rapid economic ascent for the Korean steel and shipbuilding industries? ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
38. A TENGERPARTI RÉGIÓK VÁLTOZÓ GAZDASÁGI SZEREPE A 21. SZÁZADI EURÓPÁBAN.
- Author
-
ANDRÁS, IGARI
- Subjects
ECONOMIC structure ,INTERNATIONAL economic relations ,EUROPEAN history ,INDUSTRIAL revolution ,INTERNATIONAL trade - Abstract
Coastlines have always played a major role in Europe's history. From antiquity through the early stages of colonialism and the advent of the Industrial Revolution, seashores were the economic centres of the continent. Though industrialization marked the beginning of the decreasing importance of these areas, it has been in recent decades that the significance and economic structure of coastal regions has changed completely. The importance of fisheries has declined, the hubs of the marine trade have moved to the Far East, and the significance of the tourism has increased. This article examines how the social and economic role of the European seashores--which used to have a central role in trade and the world economy--has changed in the last 10-15 years. In addition, the article studies the differences between the coastal and terrestrial regions of the European Union based on existing literature and statistics. Finally, the paper analyses some coastal areas, and examines what has led to increases or decreases of population and the economy in certain regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
39. Utilizing science in advancing marine ecosystem-based management.
- Author
-
Bermas-Atrigenio, Nancy A. and Chua, Thia-Eng
- Subjects
MARINE ecosystem management ,MARINE resources policy ,COASTAL zone management - Abstract
Abstract: This paper draws upon the findings and key lessons from the ten papers that are featured in this Special Issue in utilizing science to advance ecosystem-based management (EBM) in the context of the East Asian region. The paper highlights the East Asian region's long experience in integrated coastal management (ICM) implementation, which has provided the foundation for advancing geographic and functional scaling up to cover wider geographic and administrative boundaries and ecosystems, respectively. The experiences in China and Japan, although vary in terms of mode of implementation, demonstrated common elements that characterize EBM practice – that is, recognizing the interconnectedness of marine, coastal and terrestrial systems, including human communities; protecting ecosystem structure, function and processes from the perspective of ecosystem services; addressing cumulative impacts and managing for multiple objectives; addressing multiple spatial and temporal scales in the design and implementation; promoting integrated and multi-sectoral planning; advocating for policy and functional integration and coordination and transforming policy into on-the-ground actions. The paper also highlights the application of innovative approaches and science-based tools to understand and monitor ecosystem functioning and changes; the use of scientific information to identify appropriate management policy and interventions at varying scales and offers some key actions for consideration to support a more comprehensive EBM implementation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Foreigners Cometh! Paths to Multiculturalism in Japan, Korea and Taiwan*.
- Author
-
Hyuk-Rae Kim and Ingyu Oh
- Subjects
MULTICULTURALISM ,IMMIGRANTS ,TAIWANESE politics & government ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,ETHNICITY ,EDUCATIONAL change ,FOREIGN workers ,EDUCATION - Abstract
This paper has a four-fold goal: (1) it examines the difficulties faced by Japan, Korea and Taiwan in developing and implementing multicultural programs for their newly arriving migrants; (2) it offers an analysis of indigenous ethnic formation and migration of workers and marriage migrants in the context of ongoing debates on multiculturalism in East Asia; (3) it analyzes narratives behind the educational reforms to shed light on the political contention surrounding multicultural governance in the region; and (4) it discusses why educational institutions in East Asia seem uninterested in offering courses on multiculturalism. This paper suggests that the three countries will continue to face substantial difficulties in institutionalizing their own democratic multiculturalism(s) due to pressures from global and domestic forces. We expect that the three countries will continue to modify their approaches to multicultural governance despite institutional constraints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. methodologiMethodological Reflections on Being an East Asian Researcher Researching the White Majority.
- Author
-
Osanami Törngren, Sayaka
- Subjects
CRITICISM ,RESEARCH methodology ,WHITE people ,ETHNICITY ,RACIAL minorities - Abstract
Criticisms have been cast toward researches concerning race and ethnicity being traditionally dominated by middle class white men, and different responses and positions to the criticisms have emerged. However still, the methodological discussions of the social positions of the researchers are circled around the issues of white researchers' challenges in approaching the minority population, or concerns among researchers of ethnic and racial minority background in studying their own groups or other minority groups. I believe that there is an obvious lack of attention in the current methodological consideration in the field of ethnic relations: What happens when a researcher who is of ethnic and racial minority background researches the white majority population? The paper attempts to open up a methodological discussion that is missing in the field today. As a researcher of East Asian background in Sweden, interviewing white Swedes generates possibilities to observe how white Swedish interviewees interact with and communicate the racial and ethnic differences between the researcher and the interviewees. This paper will draw examples from the qualitative interview materials from my doctoral dissertation on Swedes' attitudes toward interracial relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
42. Exploring Sub-Saharan African And East Asian Economic Growth And Development Dynamics: A Comparative Analysis.
- Author
-
Amayo, Kingsley Osarobo and Urhoghide, P. I.
- Subjects
ECONOMIC conditions in East Asia ,ECONOMIC development ,ECONOMIC reform ,AGRICULTURAL industries ,ECONOMIC conditions in Africa - Abstract
The focus of this paper is on a comparative analysis of the dynamics of economic growth and development in sub-Saharan Africa and East Asia, with an analytical perspective on both regions, with a view to finding ways to scale up development in sub-Sahara Africa. In investigating this, the paper posits that in the 1950s and 1960s, several countries in Sub-Saharan Africa shared a similar development profile with many East Asian countries: a dynamic economic sector, characterized by high growth, driven by the agricultural economy. While many nations in sub-Saharan Africa adopted import substitution industrialization as the anchor of development agenda in the sub-region, the East Asian economies embraced a concept dubbed 'authoritarian developmentalism,' a phenomenon driven by export oriented strategies. In the view of paper the East Asian approach to development resulted in high economic growth sustained over the past several decades; furthermore the paper opined that the path to development in Asia has ushered in a period of unprecedented growth, allowing many nations in the region - Korea, Taiwan, Singapore and china and others - to become industrializing economies and as major players in the global market. The paper assert that on the other hand, a combination of bad policies and institutional failure has undermined growth in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly since the 1970s, accounting for the region's sustained economic underperformance; that the inability of most nations in the region to transform the economy has undermined sustained growth and development. The paper applies empirical data to examine the dynamics of economic growth and development in both regions and proffers pertinent recommendations featuring sustained economic reforms in sub-Saharan Africa necessary for economic growth and development, while drawing useful lessons aimed at replicating the export-oriented strategies of the East Asian economies. Sub- Saharan Africa is a region which features all African countries south of the Sahara desert. It features diversity in economic performance across the region with high economic growth volatility in the past few decade. On the other hand, East Asia is a region comprising nations with divergent economic trend over the past several decade. The region has produced the most spectacular economic growth in contemporary history , becoming richer than any other region in the world though both regions share a similar development profile characterized by high growth driven by the agricultural economy. Therefore, the problem this paper tries to find answers to is how can the policy makers across the Sub- Saharan Africa set the path of economic emancipation drawing from the East Asian experience. Arising from the foregoing preview, the paper attempts to do a comparative analysis between the growth and development dynamics between the Sub-Saharan Africa and the East Asian economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
43. "This Culture of Ours" Politics, Confucianism, and East Asian Identities.
- Author
-
Mon-Han Tsai
- Subjects
CONFUCIANISM & state ,POLITICS & culture ,CULTURAL identity ,EAST Asian politics & government - Abstract
This paper attempts to explore the complex and dynamic relationships between political identity and cultural identity historically, with particular reference to East Asia between the 14
th century and 19th century. This paper acknowledges there was no conceptualisation of Asia, let along East Asia, until the end of 16th century, and the notion of Asia or East Asia did not really play any part in forming regional consciousness, political, cultural or otherwise, until the first half of the 19th century. None the less, it argues that there was a distinctively regional political identity shaped by China coterminous roughly with today's Northeast and Southeast East Asia including Inner Asia and parts of Central Asia, though the geographical coverage as well as the membership of the shared political identity varied constantly over time. It also points out that there were at least two discernable regional cultural identities, one that included China, Korea, Japan, Ryukyu and Vietnam which existed prior to the period concerned, and another forged by the ruling Manchu elites of Qing China in the 17th century to tie Inner Asia, Central Asia and Tibet to China. Studying these 'East Asian' identities, and the interplay between political identity and cultural identity yield significant insights into the role of culture and identity in politics and conversely, the role of politics in cultural development and identity formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2011
44. Overview of Trends and Policies on International Migration to East Asia: Comparing Japan, Taiwan and South Korea.
- Author
-
Yean-Ju Lee
- Subjects
ECONOMIC impact of emigration & immigration ,RETURN migrants ,FOREIGN workers ,POPULATION aging ,LABOR mobility ,ECONOMIC development ,IMMIGRATION & emigration in Japan - Abstract
This overview article examines the major similarities and differences among the three countries in East Asia - Japan, Taiwan and Korea - in terms of their immigration policies and observed flows as an introduction to three country- specific papers and a contribution on the simulation of economic impacts of different migration scenarios in Asia. These papers are from a two-year project, "From Origin to Destination: Policy Alternatives for Managing Two- Way Migration Pathways in Asia," funded by the Korea Foundation. The papers demonstrate important common patterns, including the special treatment of ethnic return migrants, population aging and demands for low-skilled migrant workers in the industrial and service sectors, the strict policy on temporary migration for low-skilled migrant workers, and the concentration of women in marriage migration and as carers in labor migration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. On Some Controversies about East Asian Developmental States.
- Author
-
Gârdu, Dana
- Subjects
ECONOMIC development ,ECONOMIC conditions in East Asia ,ECLECTICISM ,SOCIAL justice - Abstract
Asia-10's stellar performance and provisional decline have prompted competing strands of scholarship to advance various development drivers, i.e. states, markets and culture. After an introductory presentation of nation-states' shifting roles and conceptualisations, this paper purports to provide a critical overview of the statecentric approach. The next step is to ascertain whether network theories can improve upon the statist perspective. The paper concludes that neither approach does justice to the complexity of East Asian development, and suggests that an eclectic approach is a better formula. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
46. East Asian Soft Power and East Asian Governance.
- Author
-
Geun Lee
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL cooperation ,EAST Asian politics & government ,POWER (Social sciences) ,POLITICAL science ,INTERNATIONAL relations - Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to critically review the current discourses on "global governance" and to suggest an East Asian view of alternative governance mechanism from the perspective of "soft power. " This paper argues that many countries in the East Asian region have been either reluctantly or unknowingly following the global governance building, led by the "Western" countries, and therefore have failed to build a safety net for themselves in the form of a "region" or regional cooperation. Global governance is connected to the realm of soft power as it affects the preferences and behaviors of the actors while regarding the actual use of physical coercive forces as a last resort. Therefore, it is necessary to expand the discourse of global governance to include the discussion of soft power, and the East Asian region may need to develop its safety net by creating its own soft power and regional governance mechanism. Here, speech acts and standard setting are the prerequisites in developing East Asian soft power. Therefore this paper argues that East Asian actors use the concepts like the "East Asian Governance," "East Asian Standard," "East Asian Consensus" more frequently and intensely than before even if those terms still do not have concrete substances and contents to be intersubjectively taken by the actors in the region. As people use and speak of the terms more often and intensely, there will be more concrete efforts by the East Asian actors to substantiate the concepts, and the contents of East Asian governance will gradually evolve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
47. Economic Analysis of the Modern Textiles & Clothing Market within the Process of Final Completion of the ACT/WTO Agreement.
- Author
-
Wysokińska, Zofia
- Subjects
TEXTILE industry ,CLOTHING industry ,GLOBALIZATION ,TEXTILES - Abstract
The aim of the paper is to present main tendencies in global and European textile and clothing trade and competitive position of different regions and products especially Far East of Asia countries in the context of the liberalization process within the WTO. Dynamic development of constructions, generating needs for functional, comfortable and decorative designs, decorative clothes, textile wallpapers, carpets and textile floor coverings connected with equipment of interiors of companies, houses and flats (decorative textiles examined in the paper). Increasing importance of the quality of action of the specialized rescue service, which is connected with the increase of dangers resulting from higher freedom of movement of people and liberalization of labor market at an international scale - this results in increase of demand for highly specialized technical textiles also detailed examined in the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
48. The Regulation of Pay Television in East Asia: A Comparative Study.
- Author
-
Ki-Sung Kwak
- Subjects
SUBSCRIPTION television ,BROADCASTING policy ,TELEVISION broadcasting ,MASS media policy ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations - Abstract
This paper examines the way in which new media technologies have compelled policy-makers to adapt regulatory frameworks in order to accommodate technological change and to restructure television broadcasting in selected countries in East Asia, namely Hong Kong SAR, Japan and South Korea. It is primarily concerned with how the state and the players — old and new — in these countries have responded to emerging new media technologies (cable, satellite and Internet television). Based on a comparison of the regulatory history and the structural changes noted in the recent development of pay television in these countries, this paper argues that although the growing array of new technologies fragments and diversifies the industry, there is a significant variation in the degree to which the regulatory framework incorporates all types of pay television. It also argues that the de-regulatory frameworks in Japan and South Korea have been less effective than in Hong Kong SAR in incorporating all types of pay television. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Japan's Emerging Role in Promoting Regional Integration in East Asia: Towards an East Asian Integration Regime (EAIR).
- Author
-
Chang-Gun Park
- Subjects
LEADERSHIP ,SOCIAL integration ,REGIONALISM (International organization) ,INTERNATIONAL organization - Abstract
This paper is a theoretically grounded empirical contribution aimed at shedding light on Japan's leadership role in promoting regional integration in East Asia. It questions the viability of institutionalised regional collaboration and offers a framework of regional-integrationist approaches to the formation of an East Asian Integration Regime (EAIR). A key finding of this paper is that Japan's regional projects are directly linked to the promotion of an effective regional integration regime in East Asia. Since the advent of the East Asian crisis in 1997-8, Japan's regional policies have promoted a particular form of institutionalised regional collaboration, which has acted as an impetus for promoting a regional integration regime in East Asia. This is illustrated by the lifecycle of regime development, which involves a three-stage process of EAIR formation: 1) emergence: 2) evolution; and 3) institutionalization. In trying to identify the importance of functional-institutional efficiency in the formation of an EAIR, this paper provides a relatively, detailed chronological account of the three analytical frameworks: 1) the emergence of the East Asian Economic Caucus (EAEC); 2) the establishment of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) + 3 (China, Japan and South Korea) Summit; and 3) the institutionalisation of ASEAN + 3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
50. Cretaceous terrestrial biotas of East Asia, with special reference to dinosaur-dominated ichnofaunas: towards a synthesis.
- Author
-
Matsukawa, Masaki, Lockley, Martin, and Jianjun, Li
- Subjects
ANTHROPOMETRY ,PTEROSAURIA ,PALEONTOLOGY ,GEOLOGY - Abstract
Abstract: This paper represents an “editorial” introduction to this issue, which is one of two special issues of Cretaceous Research on the geology and paleontology of East Asia. This paper makes special reference to the results of joint Japanese, Chinese, and North American expeditions that investigated more than 70 fossil footprint sites and other fossiliferous localities in China, Japan, Korea, Laos, Mongolia, and Thailand. More than 50 of the track sites are considered Cretaceous in age, though in some cases dating is uncertain. We herein present summaries of selected important sites not previously described in detail based on new maps, tracings, and replicas of representative type specimens and related materials that have been assembled in accessible reference collections. Other sites are described in detail elsewhere in this issue and are placed in broader paleoenvironmental context in conjunction with papers that deal with floras, invertebrate and vertebrate body fossils, paleoecosystem reconstruction, and their stratigraphic, sedimentological, and tectonic settings in the second of the two special issues. Preliminary syntheses suggest that Cretaceous vertebrate ichnofaunas of East Asia contain various distinctive elements that are neither typical nor common in other regions. These include an abundance and significant diversity of bird tracks, some with web impressions, various small theropod tracks including diminutive examples (Grallator and Minisauripus) with foot lengths of 2.0–3.0cm, probable small dromeosaurid tracks (Velociraptorichnus), probable coelurosaurid tracks with bilobed heel impressions (Siampodus), and various small ornithopod tracks that resemble Anomoepus. Giant pterosaur tracks (Haenamichnus) are also unique to this area. A review of the ichnotaxonomy generously accepts about eleven valid ichnogenera of dinosaurs, two of pterosaurs, and nine of birds. At least ten other ichnogenera are dubious and among these several have already been rejected. A preliminary overview of these ichnotaxa in broader context suggests that the dominance of bird and theropod ichnotaxa is a valid reflection of a corresponding dominance of birds and theropod body-fossil taxa. We also note partitioning of ichnofaunas into saurischian-dominated assemblages from low, tropical latitudes and semi-arid, inland basin paleoenvironments, and ornithopod-rich assemblages from higher, more temperate latitudes and humid, coastal paleoenvironments. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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