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Background: Physical activity associates with improved immunogenicity following a 2-dose schedule of CoronaVac (Sinovac’s inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine) in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD). This study evaluates whether physical activity impacts vaccine-induced antibody responses to a booster dose in this population. Methods: This was a phase-4 trial conducted in São Paulo, Brazil. Patients with ARD underwent a 3-dose schedule of CoronaVac. One month after the booster, we assessed seroconversion rates of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG, geometric mean titers of anti-S1/S2 IgG, frequency of positive neutralizing antibodies, and neutralizing activity. Physical activity was assessed through questionnaire. Results: Physically active (n = 362) and inactive (n = 278) patients were comparable for most characteristics; however, physically active patients were younger (P P Conclusions: Patients with ARD who are physically active have greater odds of experiencing better immunogenicity to a booster dose of CoronaVac. These results support the recommendation of physical activity to improve vaccination responses, particularly for immunocompromised individuals.

A partir de uma abordagem histórica, conceitual, crítica e didática, este ensaio teórico propõe uma reflexão sobre a relação entre atividade física (AF) e saúde e o desenvolvimento desta área de estudo, com um olhar especial sobre o Brasil. Apresenta-se revisão histórica a partir de grandes temas de pesquisa na área desde os anos 1950 e da evolução das recomendações de AF para a saúde. São abordadas definições conceituais e operacionais que passaram por atualizações recentes e que são cruciais na área. Faz-se destaque a instituições e documentos relevantes, além de reflexões sobre perspectivas e desafios futuros para a área. Por fim, destaca a necessidade da redução na distância entre a solidez do conhecimento já produzido sobre os benefícios da AF para a saúde e os desejados avanços no contexto da promoção da saúde, em especial na atenção primária à saúde.

Este artigo tem por objetivo investigar como Hildegard Rosenthal - uma fotógrafa imigrante - capturou um grupo específico de habitantes/ocupantes da cidade de São Paulo em 1940: os jovens trabalhadores que exerciam suas atividades na urbe paulistana. Para isso, utilizamos três fotografias e para a análise ser efetiva, empregamos um método baseado em duas etapas, sendo a primeira: "Processos técnicos fotográficos", e o segundo momento: "Processos interpretativos fotográficos". Como conclusões, compreendemos que os registros da fotógrafa nos auxiliam a compreender os mundos do trabalho da década de 1940 e, além disso, nos provoca incômodos e faz refletir sobre a situação específica desse grupo retratado - jovens, maioria não brancos, de classe baixa, que exerciam suas atividades remuneradas de maneira informal, sem mecanismos de seguridade social.

Background: Physical education (PE) classes in schools are considered relevant to implement interventions, especially focused on physical activity. However, evidence overviews on how PE classes contribute to general health (physical, social, affective, and cognitive domains) are still needed. Thus, we summarized evidence synthesis (eg, systematic reviews) that addressed the contribution of PE classes to the health of school-aged children and adolescents. Methods: We performed a scoping review with searches in 8 databases and institutional websites to find systematic reviews or meta-analyses that answered this review’s research question. Data charting form included the identification of the study, health outcomes, and PE classes’ strategies (policies and environment, curriculum, appropriate instructions, and evaluation). An interactive process was performed to build the evidence summary. Results: An initial search yielded 2264 titles, and 49 systematic reviews (including 11 with meta-analysis) were included in this review. Most documents reported the main benefits of PE classes on physical domain outcomes (eg, physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, body mass index, and fundamental motor skills). However, evidence on the benefits of PE classes in affective (eg, enjoyment, motivation, and autonomy); social (eg, cooperation, problem-solving, and making friends); and cognitive (eg, memory, attention, concentration, and decision making) domains were found. Strategies on PE classes for health benefits were highlighted. Conclusions: These elements were detailed in the evidence summary, which may be considered to guide researchers, teachers, and practitioners to define research and practice priorities on PE class interventions for health in the school context.

Objective: The use of parenteral nutrition (PN) formulations that do not contain iodine can contribute to the deficiency of this mineral, potentially leading to hypothyroidism and, ultimately, neurocognitive impairments. This study aimed to evaluate TSH alterations in newborns receiving PN. Methods: Retrospective study of neonatal intensive care unit patients receiving PN for > 15 days. Nutritional, anthropometric, and biochemical variables (TSH, T4, CRP) were analyzed. Hypothyroidism was defined by TSH > 10 mU/L. Results: Two hundred newborns were evaluated [156 (78%) preterm, 31±5 weeks of gestational age, 112 (56%) with very or extremely low birth weight]. The median (IQR) hospital stay was 68 (42-110) days, PN duration was 31 (21-47) days, and 188 (94%) patients also received enteral nutrition. Overall, 143 (71.5%) newborns underwent at least one TSH measurement. The prevalence of hypothyroidism was 10.5%. The Median PN duration in this group was 51 (34-109) days. Among those with hypothyroidism, 10 received Lugol’s solution and six levothyroxine. Thirteen patients received prophylactic Lugol’s solution with a median PN duration of 63 (48-197) days. TSH levels correlated positively with PN duration (r = 0.19, p = .02). Conclusions: The present data suggest that changes in TSH and T4 levels are present in neonates receiving PN for > 15 days, suggesting this population may be at risk for developing hypothyroid-ism. Therefore, the authors suggest that TSH and T4 measurements should be included as routine in neonatal patients receiving PN for > 15 days if PN formulations are not supplemented with iodine, and that iodine supplementation be provided as necessary.

In this paper, we proposed a new hybrid conjugate gradient algorithm for solving unconstrained optimization problems as a convex combination of the Dai-Yuan algorithm, conjugate-descent algorithm, and Hestenes-Stiefel algorithm. This new algorithm is globally convergent and satisfies the sufficient descent condition by using the strong Wolfe conditions. The numerical results show that the proposed nonlinear hybrid conjugate gradient algorithm is efficient and robust.

Parasitic infections can have detrimental effects on the reproductive capacity of their hosts. Infections by the cestode Taenia pisiformis in rabbits is generally not associated with increased mortality of offspring or with loss of maternal body condition but can result in reduced fecundity, and increased circulating progesterone levels have been reported in infected does compared to uninfected ones. In the present study, the possibility that T. pisiformis infection affects fecundity by reducing embryonic implantation was examined. Seven anesthetized New Zealand does were orally infected with 1000 eggs of T. pisiformis, and seven were administered saline. Seven weeks after infection, does were mated, and 7 days after, humanely sacrificed. A decrease in the number of implanted embryos and a decrease in the size of the embryo vesicles in infected does were observed (P ≤ 0.02, Student's t-test). There was a negative correlation between the number of hepatic granulomas and embryo implantation (ρ = - 0.8, P = 0.04, Spearman's test).

There has been a recent surge in the number of cases of Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in Saudi Arabia, despite the country's reputation for conservatism and lower incidence of other sexually transmitted diseases.. The study aimed to assess the awareness and knowledge of HPV and acceptability HPV vaccination among the female population in the Taif region. A survey was conducted among females aged 18-58 years who were residents of Taif city. A pretested questionnaire was used that included sociodemographic details and items that recorded awareness, knowledge, attitude, and perceptions related to HPV and anti-HPV vaccination. A mixture of convenience and snowball sampling techniques was used to collect responses. About 47.1% had awareness regarding HPV and only 14.8% knew that HPV is a common infection in Saudi Arabia. However, 78.2% knew that unsafe sexual relations could increase the risk of infection with HPV. But only 15.8% believed that there is a treatment for HPV infection. The knowledge related to HPV was found to be poor among 58.5%, and only 10.9% demonstrated poor knowledge. Campaigns to educate people of all ages about human papillomavirus to remain essential for increasing HPV vaccination rates, particularly among women of reproductive age.

Objective: to estimate excess deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic in the state of Santa Catarina and its macro-regions, Brazil, 2020-2021. Methods: this was an ecological study, using data from the Mortality Information System; excess deaths in adults were calculated by the difference between the observed number of deaths and expected number of deaths, taking into account the average of deaths that occurred between 2015 and 2019; the variables “macro-region of residence”, “quarter”, “month”, “sex” and “age group” were analyzed; data were analyzed in a descriptive manner. Results: a total of 6,315 excess deaths in 2020 and 17,391 in 2021, mostly in males (57.4%) and those aged 60 years and older (74.0%); macro-regions and periods with the greatest excess deaths were those in which there were most deaths due to COVID-19; the greatest excess deaths occurred in March 2021 (n = 4,207), with a progressive decrease until the end of the year. Conclusion: there were excess deaths in the state of Santa Catarina and in all its macro-regions during the COVID-19 pandemic. RESUMEN Objetivo: estimar el exceso de muertes en Santa Catarina y macrorregiones durante la pandemia de COVID-19, en los años 2020 y 2021. Métodos: estudio ecológico utilizando Sistema de Información de Mortalidad. El exceso de defunciones en adultos se calculó por la diferencia entre defunciones observadas y esperadas, considerando el promedio de defunciones entre 2015 y 2019. Las variables analizadas fueron: macrorregión de residencia, trimestre, mes, sexo y grupo de edad. Los datos se analizaron descriptivamente. Resultados: el exceso fue de 6.315 defunciones en 2020 y 17.391 en 2021, mayor en varones (57,4%) y mayores de 60 años (74,0%). Las macrorregiones y periodos con mayor superávit fueron los que registraron más muertes por COVID-19. El mayor exceso de muertes ocurrió en marzo de 2021 (n=4.207), con una disminución progresiva hasta el final del año. Conclusión: hubo exceso de muertes en Santa Catarina y en todas macrorregiones durante la pandemia de COVID-19. RESUMO Objetivo: estimar o excesso de óbitos durante a pandemia de covid-19 em Santa Catarina e suas macrorregiões, Brasil, 2020-2021. Métodos: estudo ecológico, com dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade; o excesso de óbitos em adultos foi calculado pela diferença entre óbitos observados e óbitos esperados, considerando-se a média das mortes ocorridas entre 2015 e 2019; foram analisadas as variáveis “macrorregião de residência”, “trimestre”, “mês”, “sexo” e “faixa etária”; os dados foram analisados descritivamente. Resultados: excesso de 6.315 óbitos em 2020 e de 17.391 em 2021, majoritariamente no sexo masculino (57,4%) e nas idades acima de 60 anos (74,0%); as macrorregiões e períodos com maior excedente foram aqueles com mais mortes por covid-19; o maior excesso ocorreu em março de 2021 (n = 4.207), com queda progressiva até o final do ano. Conclusão:houve excesso de óbitos em Santa Catarina e todas as suas macrorregiões durante a pandemia de covid-19.

Purpose This study aims to identify the challenges of new urban housing zones in Algeria that have permitted the emergence of many habitat neighbourhoods deprived of all services. The objective is to promote social interaction by departing from the zoning and introducing the notion of urban mix. Design/methodology/approach This study tries to catch different elements that contribute to promote the degree of social interaction. This step ultimately has led to the need to improve the quality conditions of the living environment and focus the analysis on urban mix advantages. The latter aims to organize space by balancing functional, social and spatial magnitudes. Different methods have been adopted to assess each dimension. Starting with the assessment of the functional mix, the functional mix coefficient (C.Mix f) was calculated in a quantitative approach, and attendance rates of various targeted functions were determined in a second qualitative one. However, regarding the social mix, several evaluation criteria were selected. Finally, the spatial mix was evaluated via three modes of occupation; mix on the islet, mix on the parcel and mix on the building. Findings The results of this research confirm that urban mix is imperative to counteract problems generated by zoning. It also concludes that urban mix can be assessed through a grid of indicators. The case study of Ayouf-Jijel revealed that it benefits from good coverage of amenities and businesses; the authors also found that most indicators present some qualitative rather than quantitative deficiencies. This concerns the location of businesses in collective and individual housing. This phenomenon is scattered in the neighbourhood’s development. Originality/value The objective of this paper is to contribute to the argument on how to develop neighbourhoods in a city in general and particular to the city of Jijel through the urban mix by taking into account several indicators under three measurements: functional, social and spatial. In addition, the paper contributes to discuss new methods for the evaluation and implementation of urban mix. Finally, this paper reveals an opportunity to rethink neighbourhoods regarding new approaches and reflections of cosmopolite development versus zoning.

The traffic in international animal products can become a public health hazard when legal import sanitary procedures are not followed. In Brazil, due to its extensive border area, the importation of animal products is a common practice in many areas, especially in Rio Grande do Sul, a state that borders Argentina and Uruguay. The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of veterinary drug residues (antibiotics and antiparasitics) in animal products consumed in Rio Grande do Sul. The presence of residues of veterinary antibiotics and antiparasitics was assessed in 189 meat (beef, pork, and chicken), processed dairy, and meat product samples bought in Argentina (n = 90) and Uruguay (n = 99). Residues of these veterinary drugs were detected in 50 (26.45%) of the samples; 28 samples (14.81%) had antibiotic residues, and 22 samples (11.64%) had antiparasitic residues. Of the 50 positive samples, 40% (15 from Argentina and 5 from Uruguay) had residues above the maximum residue limits (MRLs). Of these 20 samples, 12 had antiparasitic residues above the MRLs (11 beef samples had ivermectin and 1 pork sample had ivermectin and doramectin) and 8 had antibiotic residues above the MRLs (2 pork and 2 sausage samples had doxycycline, 2 cheese samples had doxycycline and chlortetracycline, 1 poultry meat sample had chloramphenicol, and 1 cheese sample had monensin). Because of the potential toxic effects on humans and the potential for pathogens to develop antibiotic resistance, the presence of these residues above the MRLs is a potential risk to public health. The negative impact of consumption of imported animal products can be reduced by implementation of an effective surveillance system and educational campaigns for the general population.

This paper defines the dynamic analysis and geometric demonstration of movement transmission and the dynamic soil-structure interaction using two different approaches: the finite component process and the limit component approach (EM). This mathematical process is an influential geometric approach right for dynamic tasks. In this item, we used very advanced and effective computer geometric converter approaches to study multifaceted difficulties. The fractional difference equation leading the motion is outcoming and resolved by EM. The influence of 3 dimensions on the movement transmission imitation (1D and 2D) has a conversed captivating effect, dependent on the different finite components kinds (triangles, rectangles, tall degree components). Geometric modeling of stifling is too discussed (Rayleigh checking). The finite component technique then treats a model of movement transmission owing to the vibration of a foundation. The limit component technique's capacities are remembered, and outcomes found through 2D and 3D mockups are planned. Numerous cases of dynamic soil-structure interaction (building, tunnel) are formerly pickled. The outcomes of these properties are discussed here.

Objectives To investigate whether physical activity is associated with enhanced immunogenicity of a SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine (Coronavac) in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD) (n = 898) and in non-ARD (n = 197) individuals without pre-existing immunogenicity to SARS-CoV-2. Methods This was a prospective cohort study within an open-label, single-arm, phase 4 vaccination trial. Immunogenicity was assessed after vaccination by measuring seroconversion rates of total anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG (SC), geometric mean titers of anti-S1/S2 IgG (GMT), factor-increase in GMT (FI-GMT), frequency of neutralizing antibody (NAb), and median neutralizing activity. Physical activity (active being defined as ≥ 150 min/week) and sedentary behavior (>8h/day) were assessed by questionnaire. Results Physically active ARD patients (n = 494) were younger and less frequently used prednisone/biologics than inactive patients (n = 404). After controlling for covariates, active patients exhibited greater SC (OR: 1.4 [95%CI: 1.1–2.0]), GMT (32% [95%CI: 8.8–60) and FI-GMT (33% [95%CI: 9.6–63%]) vs. inactive. Cluster analysis (physical activity/sedentary status) revealed greater GMT (43.0% [95% CI: 11.0–84.0%) and FI-GMT (48.0% [95%CI: 14.0–92.0%]) in active/non-sedentary vs. inactive/sedentary ARD patients. A dose–response was observed, with greater benefits for the group of patients performing ≥ 350 min/week of physical activity (OR: 1.6 [95%CI: 1.1–2.4]; 41% [95%CI: 10–80%]; 35% [95%CI: 4.3–74], for SC, GMT, and FI-GMT, respectively) vs. the least active group (≤30 min/week). Greater SC (OR: 9.9 [95%CI: 1.1–89.0]) and GMT (26% [95%CI: 2.2–56.0%]) were observed in active vs. inactive non-ARD. Conclusions A physically active lifestyle may enhance SARS-CoV-2 vaccine immunogenicity, a finding of particular clinical relevance for immunocompromised patients. Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.gov #NCT04754698.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate longitudinal associations between physical activity and early childhood neurodevelopment. Methods: Data from 1673 children from the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort study were analyzed. Physical activity was measured using accelerometers on the wrist at ages 1, 2, and 4 years. Neurodevelopment was measured using the Battelle Development Inventory at age 4 years. Linear regression models were used to test trajectories and cumulative associations of physical activity with child neurodevelopment. Results: Of the 3 physical activity trajectories observed, children in the medium (β = 1.17; 95% confidence interval, 0.25 to 2.10) and high (β = 2.22; 95% confidence interval, 0.61 to 3.82) trajectories showed higher neurodevelopment scores than children in the lower activity trajectory. Cumulative analyses showed that children in the highest tertile of physical activity in all follow-ups presented a mean neurodevelopment score 4.57 (95% confidence interval, 2.63 to 6.51) higher than children in the lowest tertile in all follow-ups. All analyses showed a dose–response characteristic of association, with higher physical activity indicating higher neurodevelopment scores. Conclusions: Physical activity may be an important predictor of neurodevelopment through early childhood.

5 pages, 5 figures; International audience; We report on a two-dimensional (2D) V1–xPtxSe2 alloy that exhibits ferromagnetic order and Rashba spin–orbit coupling. Although ferromagnetism is absent in 1T-VSe2 because of the competition with the charge density wave phase, we demonstrate theoretically and experimentally that the substitution of vanadium by platinum in VSe2 (10–50%) to form a homogeneous 2D alloy restores ferromagnetic order down to one monolayer of V0.65Pt0.35Se2. Moreover, the presence of platinum atoms gives rise to Rashba spin–orbit coupling in (V,Pt)Se2, providing an original platform to study the interplay between ferromagnetism and spin–orbit coupling in the 2D limit.

Um ambiente favorável ao compartilhamento de informações e propício à inovação é capaz de proporcionar o progresso econômico e social. Este artigo objetiva propor uma metodologia de estudo para traçar estratégias para promover a Inovação Tecnológica. Os dados foram levantados através de abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa. O estudo caracterizou-se como exploratório, descritivo e de levantamento. A partir de um mapeamento do espectro industrial da região de Francisco Beltrão, foram identificados os índices de inovação às empresas atuantes em áreas de maior relevância econômica. Foram entrevistadas as empresas de modo a analisar o conhecimento dessas empresas frente às leis que incentivam a inovação e o conhecimento sobre as ações impostas pelos stakeholders e pelo poder público municipal. Foram, também, entrevistados os stakeholders, visando verificar a eficácia das ações. Os principais resultados encontrados indicaram baixo índice geral de inovação das empresas da região de Francisco Beltrão. Outro ponto foi o número baixíssimo de empresas que conheciam as leis e incentivos. O maior índice de conhecimento dessas leis e ações dos stakeholders foram das empresas participantes do único núcleo de empresas da cidade visando a inovação tecnológica. Foram propostas estratégias para promover a Inovação Tecnológica.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise during pregnancy on early childhood neurodevelopment (cognitive, motor, and language domains). Methods: A randomized controlled trial nested into the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort was conducted. Healthy pregnant women were enrolled between 16 and 20 weeks of gestation; 424 women and their children (intervention [n = 141]; control [n = 283]) were analyzed. An exercise-based intervention 3 times per week was delivered over 16 weeks. Child neurodevelopment and its domains were assessed at 1, 2, and 4 years. Standardized mean differences and 95% confidence intervals are presented. Results: No effects of exercise during pregnancy on child neurodevelopment and its domains at age 1 year were observed. Compared with the control group, children from women in the exercise group had higher language score at age 2 years (standardized mean differences = 0.23; 95% confidence intervals, 0.02 to 0.44) and higher cognitive score (standardized mean differences = 0.22; 95% confidence intervals, 0.03 to 0.41) at age 4 years. No effects of exercise during pregnancy were observed in the motor domain at 1, 2, and 4 years. Conclusions: No detrimental effects of exercise during pregnancy on child neurodevelopment were observed. In addition, these findings suggest that exercise during pregnancy can result in small benefits for language and cognitive development.

Dissertação para obtenção de grau de Mestre em Antropologia Este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar como se desenvolvem as relações afiliativas multiespécie, recorrendo a um olhar que mergulha na dinâmica da vida não humana integrante da humana em contexto urbano, colocando, dentro do possível, guardiões e cães enquanto narradores das suas próprias “versões da história”. Os laços entre humanos e cães, que se acompanham há milhares de anos em diversas condições e arranjos, recentemente impuseram-se nos “ecossistemas” domésticos, sendo que os segundos ganharam agência na sociedade, um lugar nas famílias humanas e podem ser descritos como co-construtores de relações sociais multi-espécie profundas com componentes afetivas, emocionais e de amizade, que vão para além das tradicionais relações de trabalho. Nesta investigação, realizada entre 2021 e 2022 na região metropolitana de Lisboa, aplicamos uma aproximação etnográfica usando entrevistas semiestruturadas (N=17), porém, sem deixar de alargar horizontes metodológicos recorrendo a técnicas como a observação qualitativa e etológica das díades cães-guardiões (5 amostras e 3 focais). Os resultados mostram que as relações investigadas não se subordinam aos esquemas simplistas e reducionistas mais tradicionais da antropologia (ex.:paradigma natureza-cultura) e emerge uma mudança com novas relações sociais multi-espécie pautadas por dimensões afetivas, comunicacionais e emocionais estreitas na família e no espaço urbano. Estas novas afiliações são também o resultado do abandono de paradigmas desatualizados (ex.:excepcionalismo humano) de natureza profundamente antropocêntrica, que foram substituídos por concepções mais intersecionais e menos espartilhadas da sociedade. Devido a uma lacuna na bibliografia portuguesa, este estudo torna-se mais relevante, e pode fornecer elementos que ajudem a elucidar uma relação dual tão presente em nossa sociedade. This work aims to investigate how multispecies affiliative relationships develop, by delving into the dynamics of non-human life within the human life in an urban context, placing, as far as possible, guardians and dogs as narrators of their own “versions of story". The bonds between humans and dogs, which have accompanied each other for thousands of years in different conditions and arrangements, have recently imposed themselves on domestic “ecosystems”, with the latter gaining agency in society, a place within human families and can be described as co-builders of profound multispecies social relationships with affective, emotional and friendship components, surpassing traditional work relationships. In this research, carried out between 2021 and 2022 at Lisbon metropolitan area, we applied an ethnographic approach using semi-structured interviews (N=17), while broadening methodological horizons using techniques such as the qualitative and ethological observation of guardian dog dyads ( 5 samples and 3 focal). The results show that the relationships investigated are not subordinated to the more traditional simplistic and reductionist schemes of anthropology (e.g., nature-culture paradigm) and a change emerges with new multispecies social relationships guided by affective, communicational, and emotional dimensions close in the family. and in urban space. These new affiliations are also the result of the abandonment of outdated paradigms (e.g., human exceptionalism) of a deeply anthropocentric nature, which have been replaced by more intersectional and less corseted conceptions of society. Due to a gap in the Portuguese bibliography, this study becomes more relevant, and can provide elements that help to elucidate a dual relationship so present in our society. N/A

This study aimed to assess the mental health of a University community in South Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted between July-August 2020 through a self-administered questionnaire. All University staff and students were eligible. Depression was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and anxiety by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7. To evaluate the effect of social distancing and mental health factors on outcomes, Poisson regression models with robust variance were performed, estimating Prevalence Ratios (PR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (95%CI). 2,785 individuals participated in the study. Prevalence of depression and anxiety were 39.2% (95%CI 37.3-41.1) and 52.5% (95% CI 50.6-54.4), respectively. Undergraduate students showed a higher prevalence of the outcomes. Not leaving the house routinely, mental health care, and previous diagnosis of mental illness were associated with both outcomes. Those with a previous medical diagnosis of depression had a 58% (PR 1.58; 95%CI 1.44; 1.74) and anxiety a 72% (PR 1.72; 95%CI 1.56; 1.91) greater prevalence of depression than their peers. An alarming prevalence of psychopathologies was observed. Despite the well-known benefits of social distancing to public health, it requires a surveillance on the population’s mental health, especially students and those with previous mental illness diagnosis.

Abstract In this work, a study on failure by concrete pry-out in Crestbond shear connectors is presented. The study’s aim was the development of an expression that estimates the connection’s bearing capacity. The analyses were carried out through numerical simulations designed to reproduce the referred failure mode. Numerical and experimental results are compared and discussed in relation to the maximum force reached and the cracking aspect typical of concrete pry-out. The proposed equation corresponded well to experimental results, with a mean ratio Ptheo/Pexp equal to 0,99 and a coefficient of variation of 10%. The results found in this study indicate that the concrete pry-out expression in German Technical Approval Z-26.4-56 can also be applied to Crestbond shear connectors.

Objetivo: Identificar as estratégias e medidas adotadas pelas instituições de ensino superior (IES) a fim de manter as atividades deensino e aprendizagem durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Método: Foi realizada uma revisão de escopo, onde 5 bases de dadosforam consultadas. Foram incluídos estudos que apresentassem medidas preventivas e estratégias para manter as atividadeseducacionais em instituições de ensino superior durante a pandemia do COVID-19. Resultado: Foram incluídos 16 estudos. Asmedidas descritas pela maioria dos estudos foram relacionadas a mudanças no calendário acadêmico, uso de tecnologia, aulasonline e plataformas de telemedicina. Conclusão: O ensino superior, foi profundamente afetado pelo cenário da COVID-19, mastambém contou com alta tecnologia para manter as atividades educacionais e, ao mesmo tempo, equilibrar sua missão de protegeros estudantes e professores.

2D materials offer the ability to expose their electronic structure to manipulations by a proximity effect. This could be harnessed to craft properties of 2D interfaces and van der Waals heterostructures in devices and quantum materials. We explore the possibility to create an artificial spin polarized electrode from graphene through proximity interaction with a ferromagnetic insulator to be used in a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ). Ferromagnetic insulator/graphene artificial electrodes were fabricated and integrated in MTJs based on spin analyzers. Evidence of the emergence of spin polarization in proximitized graphene layers was observed through the occurrence of tunnel magnetoresistance. We deduced a spin dependent splitting of graphene's Dirac band structure (∼15 meV) induced by the proximity effect, potentially leading to full spin polarization and opening the way to gating. The extracted spin signals illustrate the potential of 2D quantum materials based on proximity effects to craft spintronics functionalities, from vertical MTJs memory cells to logic circuits., This work has received funding from the European Union’s H2020 Future and Emerging Technologies “Graphene Flagship” (Grant Core3 No. 881603), “SINFONIA” (No. 881603) projects and a Grant Agreement Marie Skłodowska Curie “ITN Spinograph” (No. 697904), as well as from EPSRC (EP/P005152/1, EP/K016636/1). This research is supported by a public grant overseen by the French National Research Agency (ANR) as part of the “Investissements d’Avenir” program Labex NanoSaclay (ANR-10-LABX-0035), as well as grants STEM2D (ANR-19-CE24-0015), MIXES (ANR-19-CE09-0028), and by the Flag-ERA JTC 2019 project “SOGraphMEM” (ANR-19-GRFI-0001-07). This work has also received fundings from the “Spanish ministry of Science and Innovation” through “Severo Ochoa” (CEX2019-000917-S) and “OXISOT” (PID2021-128410OB-I00)., With funding from the Spanish government through the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2019-000917-S).

Old patients with hepatotoxicity have been scarcely studied in idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (DILI) cohorts. We sought for the distinctive characteristics of DILI in older patients across age groups. A total of 882 DILI patients included in the Spanish DILI Registry (33% ≥65 years) were categorized according to age: “young” (

Objetivos.Investigar las desigualdades socioeconómicas y entre distintos grupos étnicos en la prevalencia de anticuerpos contra el SARS-CoV-2 en las 27 unidades federativas de Brasil.Métodos.En este estudio transversal, se realizaron tres encuestas de hogares los días 14-21 de mayo, 4-7 de junio y 21-24 de junio de 2020 en 133 áreas urbanas brasileñas. Se utilizó un muestreo de etapas múltiples para seleccionar 250 individuos en cada ciudad a fin de someterlos a una prueba rápida de anticuerpos. Los sujetos respondieron un cuestionario sobre los bienes del hogar, la escolaridad y el color de la piel y etnia (autodeclarado utilizando la clasificación brasileña estándar de cinco categorías: blanco, negro, pardo, asiático o indígena). Se utilizó el análisis de los componentes principales de los bienes para clasificar el estatus socioeconómico en cinco quintiles de riqueza. Se empleó la regresión de Poisson para los análisis.Resultados.Se analizaron 25 025 sujetos en la primera encuesta, 31 165 en la segunda y 33 207 en la tercera, que mostraron una prevalencia de resultados positivos de 1,4%, 2,4% y 2,9%; respectivamente. Los individuos del quintil más pobre tuvieron 2,16 veces más probabilidades de presentar un resultado positivo (intervalo de confianza del 95%: 1,86-2,51) que los del quintil más rico, y los que tenían 12 o más años de escolaridad tuvieron una prevalencia menor que los sujetos con menos educación. Las personas indígenas presentaron una prevalencia 4,71 (IC95%: 3,65-6,08) veces mayor que las blancas, al igual que las de piel negra o parda. El ajuste por región del país redujo los índices de prevalencia según la riqueza, la educación y el origen étnico, pero los resultados siguieron siendo estadísticamente significativos.Conclusiones.La prevalencia de anticuerpos contra el SARS-CoV-2 en Brasil muestra gradientes relacionados con la posición socioeconómica y la etnia muy pronunciados, con menor riesgo en las personas blancas, educadas y ricas.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major cause of the liver disease that could lead to acute and chronic inflammation of the liver. In this study we collected anti HBC antibodies (anti hepatitis B core) results done as screening of blood donors from three hospital centers in Lebanon between Jan.2016to Jan.2019. The aim of this study is to collect epidemiological data on the prevalence of positive anti HBC antibodies in blood donors of different nationalities. Method: Blood donation records from the three hospitals were collected from Jan. 2016 till Jan. 2019 and they included 16000 volunteers for blood donation and all these donors were tested for anti HBC antibodies. Results: The total number of donors was 16000, 1224 volunteers (7.65%) had positive anti HBC test. The prevalence of anti HBC antibodies was higher in Syrian population with a prevalence of 12.9% as compared to the Lebanese donors with prevalence of 6.6%. Age was found to have a statistically significant relationship with the prevalence of hepatitis B. blood group was found not to have a statistically significant relationship with hepatitis B.

Objective:To investigate the influence of parental physical activity on offspring’s nutritional status in the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort.Design:Birth cohort study.Setting:The main outcomes were overweight and obesity status of children. The main exposure was parental physical activity over time, measured during the 11, 15 and 18 years of age follow-ups. The exposure was operationalised as cumulative, and the most recent measure before the birth of child. We adjusted Poisson regression models with robust variance to evaluate crude and adjusted associations between parental physical activity and offspring’s nutritional status. All analyses were stratified according to the sex of the parent.Participants:A total of 874 members from the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort followed-up at 22 years of age with their first-born child were analysed.Results:Children were, on average, 3·1 years old. Crude analyses showed that the mother’s cumulative physical activity measure had an indirect association with the prevalence of children’s obesity. The most recent maternal physical activity measure before the birth of the child was associated with 41 % lower prevalence of obesity in children, even after adjustment for confounders.Conclusions:The most recent maternal physical activity measure was indirectly associated with the prevalence of obesity in children. No associations were found for fathers, reinforcing the hypothesis of a biological effect of maternal physical activity on offspring’s nutritional status.

Physical activity and its positive effects on coronavirus have been extensively discussed in the literature. However, there is still lack of evidence on the effects of the coronavirus pandemic on the health-related behaviors of the Brazilian university community. The aim of the present study is to describe physical activity practice during the coronavirus pandemic among students and staff of a southern Brazilian university, as well as its association with sociodemographic characteristics. This was a self-administered web-based cross-sectional study, carried out among a southern Brazilian community. The main outcome for this study was leisure time physical activity during the coronavirus pandemic. Considering only leisure-time, 21.0% and 24.0% of the students and staff, respectively, reported achieving physical activity recommendations (≥150 minutes per week). There was a decline of more than 15 percentage points in physical activity practice comparing pre- and during the pandemic, and those following the protocols of staying at home presented lower levels of leisure-time physical activity. Physical activity practice was mainly performed at home and without any professional help. Leisure-time physical activity prevalence during the pandemic was relatively low among students and staff, and participants that followed staying at home protocols presented lower levels of physical activity.

Los labios son componentes esenciales en la estética y simetría facial, pero factores como la edad del paciente, sexo y el grupo poblacional pueden comprometer la región labial afectando el equilibrio entre las proporciones del rostro. Actualmente, es tendencia la búsqueda de métodos no invasivos, así como biomateriales seguros con resultados, más naturales para pro porcionar un mejor aspecto a la región labial. En este estudio se determinó el comportamiento del plasma gel y plasma gel combinado con silicio en la bioplastia, perfilado labial y vecto rización de surcos nasogenianos en pacientes con microqueilia por envejecimiento. Se realizó un ensayo abierto con enfoque cuantitativo, de alcance descriptivo y diseño preexperimental de preprueba-posprueba con un solo grupo conformado por diez pacientes femeninas Glogau II, con microqueilia por en vejecimiento. Se registraron las variaciones en las mediciones clínicas y ecográficas de plasma gel y combinado en el preope ratorio, inmediato, 8 y 45 días. Para las variables cuantitativas siguiendo una distribución normal fue realizado el test T de Student. Clínicamente se observó aumento del volumen labial y disminución de la profundidad de los SNGs inmediatamente después de la aplicación del biomaterial, a los 8 días existió una disminución del volumen labial y aumento en la profundi dad de los surcos nasogenianos; sin embargo, se mantuvo el efecto del biomaterial y a los 45 días se evidenció pérdida total clínica y ecográficamente. El plasma gel como biomaterial de compensación o relleno labial y de surcos nasogenianos resulta ser efectivo inmediatamente después de su aplicación, siendo ecográficamente visible a los 8 días de implantado, mientras que a los 45 días es imperceptible tanto clínica como ecográ ficamente en la totalidad de los casos evaluados. The lips are essential components in facial aesthetics and sym metry, but factors such as the patient’s age, sex and population group can compromise the lip region affecting the balance between facial proportions. Currently, there is a tendency to search for non-invasive methods, as well as safe biomaterials with more natural results to provide a better appearance to the lip region. In this study, the behavior of plasma gel and plasma gel combined with silicon in bioplasty, lip contouring and nasolabial fold vectorization in patients with microcheilia due to aging was determined. An open trial with quantitative approach, descriptive scope and pre-experimental pre-test post test design was performed with a single group formed by ten Glogau II female patients with microcheilia due to aging. Variations in clinical and ultrasound measurements of plasma gel and combined plasma gel were recorded at preoperative, immediate, 8 and 45 days. For quantitative variables following a normal distribution, Student’s T-test was performed. Clinically there was an increase in lip volume and a decrease in the depth of the SNGs immediately after the application of the biomaterial, at 8 days there was a decrease in lip volume and an increase in the depth of the nasolabial folds; however, the effect of the biomaterial was maintained and at 45 days there was total loss clinically and ultrasonographic. The plasma gel as a biomaterial of compensation or lip and nasolabial fold filling is effective immediately after its application, being ultrasonographic visible 8 days after implantation, while at 45 days it is imperceptible both clinically and ultrasonographic in all the cases evaluated. 54-69 revodontlosandes@gmail.com eduvigis@ula.ve cldp58@gmail.com Semestral http://erevistas.saber.ula.ve/odontoula

The Neogene basins are well known for their high susceptibility to landslides. This feature is mainly favoured by the lithological nature of the filling materials and slope morphology. This study proposes a combined frequency ratio and limits equilibrium methodology to perform a regional analysis of slope stability in the Neogene basin of Aomar Ben Haroun (Bouira, Algeria). For this purpose, different work steps have been conducted. Initially, the field site selection was made according to the surface geology underlying ground motion and the extent of landslide events. Subsequently, the landslide survey was built on existing studies and on high-resolution aerial photography and satellite imagery analysis, as well as on detailed fieldwork involving mapping and compilation of triggering factors. Besides, the evaluation of the landslide susceptibility around the study area was performed using the frequency ratio (FR) in the GIS environment. Note that the geotechnical characterization of each formation was determined from the physical and mechanical parameters of recent and old geotechnical studies carried out in the region. Moreover, the determination of the​​ landslide-prone areas with a characteristic stability factor for each slope was then computed using a two-dimensional limit equilibrium model. Thanks to the provided results, the classes of slopes that are characterized by parting surfaces susceptible to landslides are clearly defined. The result maps of the Aomar Miocene basin were categorized into low, moderate and high susceptibility classes. We have then been able to validate the obtained results by each used method. In the case of the inventory and susceptibility maps, we have also compared the two results based on the results of the area under the curve (AUC). For the frequency ratio (FR) and Limit Equilibrium (LE) models, the AUC are (83.23%) and (89.25%) respectively, which are indicating good and very good accuracy in the identification of landslide susceptibility zones of a basin and can be used in land use planning. In conclusion, this methodology highlights the fact that the landslides susceptibility map, which is obtained using the limit equilibrium model, was significantly more reliable and consistent than the susceptibility map completed by the frequency ratio model after field verification.

Rhipicephalus microplus tick is the ectoparasite causing the greatest economic losses in the livestock industry. Multi-resistance in ticks is increasing, generating the inefficiency of traditional ixodicides, for which biological control has been proposed as an alternative. In this work, we analyze the histomorphological damage caused by the bacterial strain EC-35 on Rhipicephalus microplus. The ixodicidal effect of EC-35 total protein was evaluated on larval or adult ticks comparing with the commercial ixodicide coumaphos 0.02% as a control. Female ticks were processed using the paraffin-embedding technique and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. Also, the pathogenicity of EC-35 was evaluated by capillary feeding and coelom inoculation tests. The identification of the bacterium was performed using the molecular markers 16S RNA and rpoB, by PCR and sequencing technique, and the evolutionary distance was analyzed by Bayesian phylogenetic inference. No differences were observed in the perimeter and area of larvae treated with EC-35 or Coumaphos. The thickness of the integument decreased a 65% with the EC-35 treatment (6.01 ± 0.6 µm) and of 30% in coumaphos (12.04 ± 1.2 µm) in larvae compared with the control group (18.41 ± 2 µm), while no difference was found in adult ticks. The capillary feeding test and coelom inoculation with EC-35 showed an inhibition of reproductive potential of 99.8 ± 7 and an oviposition Inhibition 97 ± 3.02%. The EC-35 strain was genetically related to Serratia marcescens, concluding that these bacteria caused high mortality, oviposition Inhibition, and integument thinning and drastic loss of histoarchitecture in R. microplus tick larvae.