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Cet article présent consiste une étude paléographique dans le but d’essayer d’atteindre une datation approximative de la partie archaïque du ms. Vat. Ar. 13, pour résoudre les doutes à propos de l’époque qui appartient. Cela va être à travers une étude spécifique, scientifiques et technique basée sur des caractéristiques concrètes, c’est-à-dire, la typologie et la morphologie queportent ce ms. selon une description détaillée de ces graphèmes, ainsi que une analyse comparative avec d’autres mss. de la même tradition et zone, aussi des siècles entre VIII-X.

This year marks the seven decades of the death of Игна́тий Юлиа́нович Крачко́вский, (1883-1951), Russian Orientalist and one of the translators of the Qur'an. His translation is one of the most famous translations of this holy book. This essay deals with Крачко́вский primarily as Arabist and Islamicist who published over 500 works, and one of the foremost names in Russian Oriental Studies. His studies of Arabic literature, both contemporary and classical, as well as Arabic history and geography served Крачко́вский as a background for his translation of the Qur'an done at the end of his life. His famous translation was published posthumously, in 1963. The edition was supported by the Russian Academy of sciences in Moscow.

[cat] El manuscrit 1784 de la Biblioteca de Reserva del CRAI de la Universitat de Barcelona conté un compendi mèdic especialitzat, preeminentment, en les malalties oculars i els seus remeis. Aquesta tesi doctoral determina si data dels segles XVI-XVII i si procedeix del Mediterrani oriental, a la zona del Šām. Quant al contingut, la recerca revela que es basa, particularment, en al-ʿUmda al-kuḥliyya fī l-amrāḍ al-baṣariyya, una obra de medicina ocular de la segona meitat del segle XIV. A més, l’anàlisi general del MS 1784, l’edició i la traducció de part d’ell, l’elaboració d’un glossari dels remeis i un recull de les malalties mencionats permeten extreure dades valuoses per a contextualitzar aquesta obra anònima en la tradició mèdica ocular àrab., [ara] ملخص يحتوي المخطوط 1784 بـ Reserva de Biblioteca، بالــ CRAI ، بجامعة برشلونة ، عىل مل ّخص ط ّ يب متخ ّصص، بشكل بارز، يف أمراض العيون وعالجاتها. تح ّدد هذه األطروحة ما إذا كان تاريخه يرجع إىل القرن السادس أو السابع ع رش، وما إذا كان أصله من شق البحر األبيض المتوسط يف منطقة الشام. يف األمراض البرصية، وهو أ ّما بالنسبة للمحتوى، فيكشف البحث أنه يستند، بشكل خاص، عىل العمدة ال ُكحلية يف طب العيون يعود إىل النصف الثا ين من القرن الرابع ع رش. كتاب باإلضافة إىل ذلك، فإ ّن التحليل العام للمخطوط 1784، تحرير جزء منه، ترجمته إىل الكتالنية، وضع مشد لألدوية وقائمة لألمراض المذكورة يجعل من الممكن استخراج بيانات ق ّيمة، من أجل وضع سياق لهذا العمل المجهول يف تراث طب العيون العر ين., [eng] The manuscript 1784 of the CRAI’ Biblioteca de Reserva, University of Barcelona, contains a medical compendium specializing, preeminently, in eye diseases and their remedies. This PhD thesis determines whether it in fact dates is from the 16th - 17th century, and wether it comes from the eastern Mediterranean, in the Šām area. As for the content, the research reveals that it is based, in particular, on al-ʿUmda al- kuḥliyya fī l-amrāḍ al-baṣariyya, a work on eye medicine that dates from the second half of the fourteenth century. In addition, it is possible to extract valuable data, in order to contextualize this anonymous work in the Arab ocular medical tradition, throught the general analysis of the MS 1784, the edition and translation to catalan of part of it, the elaboration of a glossary of remedies and a colletion of mentioned illneses.

The economic historian Marlon Johnson observes that prior to the 19th century, [t]he interior delta of the Niger with its floodlands, river and creeks and the area of sand dunes and lakes between the delta proper and the Niger, together form a region which would seem to have met the necessary conditions for the heartland of a centralized state: easy communications by water; a surplus of foodstuffs beyond the needs of their producers; a position astride a major trade route; and a relatively d...

Статья посвящена арабографичным историко-культурным памятникам, сосредоточенным в одном из крупнейших хранилищ этих источников на постсоветском пространстве – Институте рукописей Национальной академии наук Азербайджана. Объектом исследования послужили арабографичные произведения светского характера, относящиеся к таким разделам как: риторика, грамматика арабского языка, астрономия и медицина. В результате исследования был определен ряд значимых и наиболее часто переписываемых средневековых произведений, которые, по всей видимости, были в большей степени востребованы в мусульманском обществе Востока в определенный исторический период. Анализ источников и основные выводы были осуществлены в результате исследования вышеуказанного фонда хранения, проведенного в рамках научной командировки автора в г. Баку (июнь–июль 2021 г.)., Article is devoted to arabographic historical and cultural monuments, concentrated in one of the largest repositories of these sources in the post–Soviet space the Institute of Manuscripts of the National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan (Baku). The object of the study was Arabographic works of scientific content related to such sections as: grammar of the Arabic language, rhetoric, medicine and astronomy, the total number of which amounted to 434 sources. As a result of the study, a number of significant and most frequently rewritten medieval works were identified, which, apparently, were more in demand in the Muslim society of the East in a certain historical period. The conclusions were made as a result of a study of the above-mentioned storage fund conducted as part of the author's scientific trip to Baku (June-July 2021).

Pre-modern vocalized Arabic manuscripts can reveal a great deal about a variety of linguistic features represented in each text. Recent work has demonstrated the potential that vocalized manuscripts have, specifically for revealing aspects of the phonology of the corpora including the Quran, Judaeo-Arabic, and later ‘Middle Arabic’ texts. Christian Arabic texts, however, have been less frequently studied in this manner. Blau’s grammar of the Christian Arabic of south Palestine in the 9th/10th centuries CE4 draws primarily on unvocalized manuscripts, and therefore the phonological details he provides are inferred primarily from consonantal orthographic patterns. While a few others have focused on Christian Arabic manuscripts from the medieval period,6 there has been little work that undertakes a phonological description of vocalized Christian manuscripts in a thorough and systematic way.

A short video presentation on the "The Jerba Libraries Project", an initiative to digitise private and public libraries on the island of Jerba, Tunisia. The project is supported by the Endangered Archives Programme, funded by Arcadia and administered by the British Library. More information on the project can be found at: https://eap.bl.uk/project/EAP1216.

El manuscrito 167 del Museo Episcopal de Vic, (Ausetanus = A), el llamado Liber Regius siue Descn-tio tenrpomm anni, presenta un complejo conjunto de indicaciones sobre astronomia y materias de cómputo con un cierto interés. Habiendo realizado la edición del calendario con que se abren los folios iniciales del manuscrito, en el que hemos encontrado una nueva traducción latina del Calendario de Córdoba, procedemos ahora a la edición de los textos astronómicos con algunos comentarios que pueden ampliar las indicaciones proporcionadas por A. Cordoliani en su descripción del mencionado manuscrito...

Les manuscrits du Fouta‑Djalon (en Guinée) rédigés en arabe et en peul sont représentatifs, au-delà des spécificités locales, de la littérature écrite dans les zones d’islamisation ancienne de l’Afrique subsaharienne. L’historien y trouve des chroniques de grande ampleur, mais aussi des récits plus ponctuels, rédigés tantôt en arabe tantôt en peul, entretenant des liens étroits avec la tradition orale, et écrits au service du projet politique et religieux du groupe dont fait partie l’auteur. Il peut également s’appuyer sur toute une gamme de documents non destinés à transmettre un message historique aux générations futures, mais d’où il tire de nombreuses informations : lettres, textes théoriques, poèmes sur les relations avec le colonisateur, et même, documents purement religieux. Ces sources écrites internes encore peu exploitées constituent une nouvelle frontière de l’histoire africaine et sont le complément indispensable des sources externes jusqu’à présent privilégiées par la recherche. The Arabic and Fulfude manuscripts from Futa Jallon (Guinea) are an illustrative example – apart from their local characteristics – of the literature written in the areas of ancient Islamic Sub‑Saharan Africa. Here, the historian can find extensive chronicles, but also shorter historical narratives written in Arabic or in Fulfulde. They are closely tied to oral traditions and they serve the political and religious aims of the group to which the author belongs. But the historian can also rely on a wide set of documents, from which he draws many interesting conclusions, although these texts were not written to deliver an historical message to the generations to come. They include: letters, theoretical texts, poems dealing with the relations with colonisers, and even purely religious texts. In such a way, these internal sources, which remain underexploited, are a new frontier for African history and an essential complement to the external sources that scholars have so far brought into the foreground.

Le Livre sur la Connaissance des Appareils Merveilleux d’Al-Jazarī : un mode de représentation et de communication du savoir technique dans le contexte musulman médiéval.En 602 H./1206 après J.-C. al-Jazarī publia son Livre sur la Connaissance des Appareils Merveilleux à Diyarbakir en Anatolie. Le traité copieusement illustré décrit principalement des horloges et autres automates pneumatiques-hydrauliques-mécaniques. Dans sa préface l’auteur évoque comme motivation de publication le désir de son seigneur d’obtenir une documentation sur les appareils merveilleux mais fragiles qui pourrait survivre dans le temps. On peut arguer que le traité d’al-Jazarī’s balance entre une description pratique (comment faire fonctionner) et l’ambition de procurer un manuscrit regardé par le gouverneur Artuqid comme un objet prestigieux. Les riches illustrations des manuscrits allaient jouer un rôle très important dans la réception du traité. In 602 H./1206 C.E. al-Jazarī published in Diyarbakir, Southeast Anatolia, his Compendium of Ingenious Devices. The richly illustrated treatise describes mainly clocks and other pneumatic-hydraulic-mechanic automata. In his foreword the author mentions as motivation for the publication the desire of his sovereign to have a documentation of the marvellous but fragile devices that would survive in time. The study argues that al-Jazarī’s treatise balances between his practical description of how-to-make-it-work and the fulfilment of the ambition of the sponsor of the manuscript who presumably regarded the content and the illustrations as an object of prestige. The copious illustrations played an important role in the later reception of the technical treatise.

The Timbuktu manuscripts are a representative sample of West African manuscripts written in Arabic. Since 2000, they are at the center of digitization programs raising numerous scientific obstacles that are of interest to different professional communities. The digital archiving of West African manuscripts written in Arabic has clear advantages, it raises issues related to their nature and their own characteristics unknown because they are unexplored. There is a need to know their particularities, the sociohistorical contest that produced them, their current conditions (environment, means), their uses, the practices related to these resources and as many subjects which constitute the very soul of the documents and which make these documents historical witnesses of a civilizational area to bring out from the darkness. This research is part of the field of information and communication Science which is interdisciplinary. Indeed, the electronic archiving of manuscripts goes through their digitization raising issues related to documentary information and communication (description, classification, organization and management of information, mediation and access), computer science (scanning, image processing, compression, data storage, electronic management system). Beyond technical aspects, the electronic archiving of manuscripts raises questions, social issues whose analysis makes use of theories and paradigms relating to social science and humanities. The present research aims at highlighting the features to be taken into account in the programs intended to modernize manuscripts heritage institutions and document enhancement, to address the issues raised by their electronic archiving., Les manuscrits de Tombouctou constituent un échantillon représentatif des manuscrits ouest-africains en langue arabe. Depuis 2000, ils sont au centre de programmes de numérisation buttés à de nombreux verrous scientifiques intéressant différentes communautés professionnelles. L'archivage électronique des manuscrits ouest-africains en langue arabe présente des avantages certains, il suscite des problématiques liées à leur nature et leurs caractéristiques propres méconnues du fait qu'ils sont inexplorés. Il y a nécessité de connaître leurs particularités, le cadre sociohistorique qui les a produits, leurs conditions actuelles (environnement, moyens), leurs usages, les pratiques associées à ces ressources et autant de sujets qui constituent l’âme même des documents et qui en font les témoins historiques d’une aire civilisationnelle à faire sortir de la nuit du temps. Cette recherche s'inscrit, par excellence, dans le domaine des sciences de l'information et de la communication qui est interdisciplinaire. En effet, l'archivage électronique des manuscrits passe par leur numérisation suscitant des problématiques relevant de l'information documentaire et de la communication (description, classement, organisation et gestion de l'information, médiation et mise à disposition), de l’informatique (numérisation, traitement d’image, compression, stockage des données, système de gestion électronique). Au-delà des aspects techniques, l'archivage électronique des manuscrits soulève des questions, des enjeux sociaux dont l'analyse fait appel à des théories et des paradigmes touchant aux sciences humaines et sociales. La présente recherche vise à faire ressortir quelques caractéristiques des manuscrits à prendre en compte dans les programmes de modernisation des institutions patrimoniales et de valorisation des documents, à aborder les problématiques suscitées par leur archivage électronique.

Изучение арабоязычных книжных коллекций рукописей показывает динамику развития исламских наук в Дагестане. Мусульманскую интеллектуальную историю можно разделить на два периода. Первый период был связан с тесными контактами мусульман Дагестана с образовательными центрами Ближнего Востока. В этот период широкое развитие в Дагестане получили хадисоведение и суфийская литература. В XVII в. мы можем наблюдать некоторую трансформацию в системе изучения мусульманских наук в Дагестане. Начиная с этого периода широкое развитие в Дагестане получили такие науки, как грамматика арабского языка, логика, риторика и мусульманское право. Об этом свидетельствует тематический состав дагестанских книжных коллекций. Пример изучения сочинений по догматике и суфизму в коллекциях Гасанова Каримуллы и Гитиномагомедова Османа-хаджи показывает, что труды по этим дисциплинам представлены в основном работами ближневосточных авторов. Вместе с тем оригинальные сочинения дагестанских авторов по этим дисциплинам показывают, что наибольшего расцвета мусульманская наука достигла в конце XIX в. Именно в этот период появляется наибольшее количество оригинальных работ дагестанских ученых по разным жанрам и дисциплинам. Такую картину мы можем наблюдать и на основе других частных коллекций рукописей. Вместе с тем толчок такому развитию был дан в самом конце XVII-XVIII вв. благодаря новой системе образования, в том числе широкому развитию сетей исламского образования., The study of Arabic manuscript collections show us the dynamic of the development of the Muslim sciences of Daghestan. The Muslim intellectual history can be divided into the two parts. First stage is characterised by the close contacts of the daghestani Muslims with the educational centers of the Middle East. In this period there were spread in Daghestan such sciences like hadith and Sufism. In XVIIth century we can observe some transformation in educational system and Muslim scientific field. Since this period, such sciences as the Arabic grammar, logic, rhetoric and Muslim law have been widely developed in Dagestan. It is evidenced by the thematic characteristic of the Dagestan manuscript collections. The study of two collection one of them is in private possession of Gasanov Karimulla and another of Gitinomagomedov Osman-haji show us that the dogmatic and Sufism are represented by the Middle Eastern scholars. At the same time the original works written by the daghestani scholars in these two fields allow us to assume that the Muslim sciences reached its greatest prosperity at the end of the 19th century. Especially in this period we can see numerous original works of daghestani scholars in various genres. However the impulse of such growth has been done at the end of XVIIth - beginning of XVIIIth century due to the new system of Islamic educations as well as the widespread networks of Islamic schools., №1(44) (2020)

In Rome, the Istituto per l’Oriente houses the library belonging to one of the most important scholar of the last century, Carlo Alfonso Nallino who, during his life, collected a large amount of printed and lithographed books as well as a small number of manuscripts in Arabic. The Īqāẓ al-wasnān fī l-ʿamal bi-l-ḥadīṯ wa-l-Qurʾān by al-Sanūsī, the only manuscript copy identified so far, is part of this small collection. My intent is to present its description along with the description of other two manuscripts acquired by Nallino containing two works written by the same Sufi scholar, al-Salsabīl al-maʿīn fī l-ṭarāʾiq al-arbaʿīn and al-Manhal al-rāwī al-rāʾiq fī asānīd al-ʿulūm wa-uṣūl al-ṭarāʾiq.

Muslims in Ethiopia constitute a considerable part of the total population, but until few years ago, their literary tradition and cultural heritage have remained understudied. The present article aims to shed light on the field of Islamic literature in Ethiopia in the late Nineteenth and early Tewntieth century through the study of the manuscripts owned by Shaykh Ḥabīb, a renowned scholar and respected walī who lived in Wallo, in northeastern Ethiopia. The presence of Andalusi Sufi poems among the text gathered by this scholar will be analyzed so far., Project Islam in the Horn of Africa: a comparative literary approach, hosted by the University of Copenhagen

The Taḥrīr al-Majisṭī by Naṣīr al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī is known to have survived in several dozen manuscript copies in different parts of the world. At present, however, we do not have a full list of the preserved manuscripts —or any record that might serve as a basis for drawing up a list of this kind. For the first time, the present article gathers together information on more than a hundred Arabic manuscripts of the Taḥrīr al- Majisṭī, identified through an extensive search in manuscript-catalogues, collection reports and, when possible, by inspection of manuscript copies. Special importance has been given to clarifying the bibliographical situation of each manuscript, particularly concerning the printed catalogues. The article consists of four parts: 1. A brief introduction; 2. A description of the methodology; 3. The list of manuscripts; 4. Concluding remarks.

Абу Исхак Ибрахим б. Адхам ал-Балхи широко известен в мусульманской историографии как аскет, который жил в районе Балха в VIII в. Ранние источники изображают его сыном правителя Балха, который отказался от богатства мирской жизни и посвятил себя служению Богу. Наиболее важные из этих источников: «Табакат ас-суфийа» Абу ‘Абд ар-Рахмана ас-Сулами, «Хилйат ал-аулийа’» Абу Ну‘айма ал-Исфахани, «Табакат ас-суфийа» Абу ‘Абдаллаха Ансари, «Ар-Рисала фи-‘илм ат-тасаввуф» Абу-л-Касима ал-Кушайри, «Салват ал-‘арифин» Абу Халафа ат-Табари и «Райхан ал-хака’ик» Абу Бакра Мухаммада ад-Дарбанди. Здесь особенно важно проследить духовную преемственность ранней суфийской традиции: ад-Дарбанди получил иджазуот Абу Халафа ат-Табари, который, в свою очередь, был учеником Абу-л-Касима ал-Кушайри. Более поздние источники («Тазкират ал-аулийа’» Фарид ад-дина ‘Аттара, «Маснави» Руми и др.) показывают Ибрахима б. Адхама как правителя, который становится «святым». Преобразование образа святого, пришедшего из династии правителей Балха, можно четко проследить в миниатюрах школы Великих Моголов, резонируя с образами «святых правителей» династии Моголов, прежде всего с Ауренгзебом. Образ Ибрахима б. Адхама проник в Индию и Индонезию, где он приобрели дополнительные мифологические черты.Abu Iskhaq Ibrahim B. Adham al-Balkhi is well known in Muslim Historiography as the famous mystic and ascetic who lived in Balkh region in the 8th century. The early sources portray him as a ruler’s son who gave up riches of the worldly life and devoted himself to the service of God. The most important of these sources are: “Tabaqat as-sufiya” by Abu ‘Abd ar-Rahman as-Sulami, “Hilyat al-awliya” by Abu Nu‘aym al-Isfahani, “Tabaqat as-sufiya” by Abu ‘Abdallah Ansari, “Ar-Risala fi-‘ilm at-tasawwuf” by Abu ’l-Qasim al-Qushayri, “Salwat al-‘arifin” by Abu Khalaf at-Tabari and “Rayhan al-haqa’iq” by Abu Bakr Muhammad al-Darbandi. It is especially important to trace the spiritual continuity of the early Sufi tradition: ad-Darbandi received the written permission ( al-ijaza ) from Abu Khalaf at-Tabari, who was a disciple of Abu’l-Qasim al-Qushayri. The later sources (Farid ad-Din ‘Attar’s “Tadhkirat al-awliya”, Maulana Rumi’s “Masnawi”, etc.) show Ibrahim B. Adham as a ruler who becomes a saint. The transformation of the image of the saint, who came from the dynasty of the rulers of Balkh, can be clearly traced in the miniatures of the Mughal School, resonating with the images of the “holy rulers” of the Mughal dynasty. The image of Ibrahim B. Adham infiltrated to India and Indonesia, where it acquired additional mythological features.

The Tomás Navarro Tomás library (CSIC, Madrid) holds thirty seven manuscripts of the Qur’an and of tafsīr literature, copied by Mudejars and Moriscos; eleven of them are translations into Aljamía. They had been hidden in a house of the Almonacid de la Sierra village (Aragon) with no more than 1.600 inhabitants in the 16th century. Through a careful analysis of these translations, we can state that, in spite of one exception, they exhibit a strong link between themselves as far as the copyists, the ornamentation, the paper or the textual kinship. These similarities enable us to surmise that they were all produced within a very short period, in the same area (probably in Almonacid de la Sierra itself), by a small group of copyists working with common textual sources. New hypotheses about the production and transmission of books in this area can thus be put forward., Escondidas en una casa del pueblo de Almonacid de la Sierra (Aragón), de no más de 1600 habitantes, se nos han conservado treinta y siete copias del Corán y del tafsīr, copiadas por mudéjares y moriscos siendo once de ellas traducciones a la aljamía. Hoy se encuentran en la biblioteca Tomás Navarro Tomás (CSIC, Madrid). A través de un atento estudio de estas traducciones, podemos afirmar que con la excepción de una, todas ofrecen un fuerte vínculo entre ellas: copistas, decoración, papel o parentesco textual. Estas similitudes nos permiten plantear que todas ellas se realizaron en un muy breve lapso de tiempo, en una misma zona (probablemente en el propio Almonacid de la Sierra), y que se llevaron a cabo por un pequeño grupo de copistas, que trabajaba con referentes textuales comunes. Esto permite plantear nuevas hipótesis sobre la producción y transmisión de libros en esta zona.

Dating manuscripts is a difficult task – particularly when these are not expressly datemarked, but even when they are. Factors such as the existence of successive copies that continue and repeat established models and production methods make dating a challenging task. The present work forms part of a much broader, comprehensive, investigation on the material composition of dated and bound manuscripts from the School of arabic Studies– CSIC of Granada. By means of a study protocol, errors in the dating of manuscripts ms6, ms10, ms26 and ms29 are successfully detected and corrected, and alternative dating proposed., La datación de los manuscritos es una tarea ardua, en especial cuando carecen de data expresa o –incluso si esta aparece de manera expresa- cuando entran en juego factores como la posibilidad de hallarnos ante copias sucesivas que continúan y repiten modos de ejecución y modelos establecidos. Este trabajo se enmarca dentro de una investigación extensa e integral sobre la materialidad de los manuscritos datados y encuadernados de la Escuela de Estudios Árabes (CSIC) de Granada. La aplicación de un protocolo de estudio ha permitido detectar y corregir errores y proponer una datación alternativa en la datación de los manuscritos ms6, ms10, ms26 y ms29.

Pendant les siècles de l’époque moderne (xve-xviiie siècle), les oasis du Grand Touat dans l’extrême Sud de l’Algérie se développent jusqu’à devenir un des principaux pôles de l’érudition musulmane au Sahara. La cristallisation de milieux lettrés s’accompagne de la formation d’une juridiction islamique au niveau régional. L’article s’attache à étudier le fonctionnement de cette juridiction à travers une analyse des usages de l’institution du compromis (ṣulḥ). Empiriquement, une telle enquête est rendue possible par l’existence d’une série de recueils de jurisprudence compilés par des lettrés locaux entre 1750 et 1850. À partir des matériaux confinés dans ces recueils, nous montrons comment le ṣulḥ s’intègre aux procédures judiciaires comme complément indispensable à l’émission de jugements (ḥukm). Il apparaît par ailleurs que les affrontements judiciaires s’inscrivent dans le contexte d’une société oasienne travaillée par le poids de structures tribales et l’absence d’un pouvoir étatique centralisé. During the early modern period (fifteenth-eighteenth centuries), the oasis of Tuwāt in present-day southern Algeria became one of the most important centers of Islamic learning in the Sahara. The spread of scholarship across the oasis accompanied the formation of powerful Islamic legal institutions operating at a regional level. This article analyzes the work of these institutions by focusing on the practice of compromise settlements (ṣulḥ). Empirically, our research is based on the close examination of a series of comprehensive collections of casuistic jurisprudence (nawāzil) compiled by local scholars between 1750 and 1850. The extraordinary richness of the materials conserved in these collections allows us, on the one hand, to show how the ṣulḥ was integrated into judicial decision-making processes as a device to complement and support legal rulings (ḥukm). On the other hand, we seek to illustrate how litigation was embedded in social relations marked by tribal structures and decentralized political power.

International audience; Ibn al-Yāsamīn’s poem in algebra (d. 601/1204) is considered one of the most widelyspread mathematical texts in the Maghreb at the end of the Middle Ages. It has been the subject of thirteen comments among which we find that of Abū "U#mān Sa"īd b. Mu$ammad al-"Uqbānī (d. 811/1408). The latter was considered lost by specialists in the history of Arabic mathematics. But after investigations in private libraries, we found a copy of this commentary in a collection of astronomy and mathematics preserved in the Zaouia al-"U#maniyya of Tolga in Algeria. As it has been written by several scholars, this didactic text testifies to the diffusion of comments and abstracts in the teaching of mathematics in the Muslim West.; Resumen: El poema de Ibn al-Yāsamīn sobre el álgebra (m. 601/1204) se considera como uno de los textos matemáticos más difundidos en el Magreb a finales de la Edad Media. Fue objeto de trece comentarios entre los cuales encontramos el de Abū ˁUṯmān Saˁīd b. Muḥammad al-ˁUqbānī (m. 811/1408). Este último fue considerado perdido por los especialistas en la historia de las matemáticas árabes. Pero después de investigaciones en las bibliotecas privadas, encontramos una copia de este comentario en una colección de astronomía y matemáticas conservada en la zagüía al-ˁUṯmāniyya de Tolga en Argelia. Como ha sido escrito por varios especialistas, este texto didáctico testimonia la difusión de comentarios y resúmenes en la enseñanza de las matemáticas en el Occidente islámico.

One of the subjects Arabic astrologers dealt with in the medieval era was the animodar of conception, which used lunar cycles to determine gestation times and to verify the degree of an ascendant, in accordance with one of the principles of Pseudo-Ptolemy's Centiloquium. This paper investigates Ibn al-Kammād's treatise on the animodar of conception edited and translated from Arabic manuscript 939 at the Real Biblioteca del Monasterio, San Lorenzo de El Escorial, Madrid. The special significance attached to the animodar by later astrologers had two consequences for Ibn al-Kammād's treatise. First, the treatise, which was initially one of several parts of a book, has arrived to us as a self-contained piece, probably because it was already regarded as such in medieval times. Second, the initial contents in Ibn al-Kammād's treatise gradually underwent a transformation due to the addition of a number of materials associated with the animodar. Keywords: Ibn al-Kammād, Ibn Hilāl, Pseudo-Ptolemy, Vettius Valens, periods of gestation, lunar cycles, ascendant, animodar of conception.

At the beginning of the Mamluk period, the Damascene historian Abū Šāma and some of his successors invented a new but somehow short-lived genre of chronicles and biographical dictionaries, focusing on contemporary events and persons. Together with Ibn Rāfiʿ, Ibn Kaṯīr, Ibn Ḥiğğī and Ibn Qāḍī Šuhba, they formed a group of scholars whose texts interacted with each other, one author pursuing the narrative of his predecessor. In this article, we analyze these intertextual relations through the concept of “family of texts”.

This article focuses on the writing styles employed by the Andalusi calligraphers specialised in the production of Quranic manuscripts, between the 5th/11th and the 6th/12th centuries. During this crucial period, the shape, aspect, and concept of the muṣḥaf underwent a profound transformation in the Iberian Peninsula. In particular, the notion of “Quranic script” became more fluid, elusive even, mainly owing to the introduction of Maġribī round scripts for transcribing the Sacred Book. This article aims to demonstrate that all the calligraphic traits found in Maġribī “Quranic” styles were ultimately derived from the scripts employed in coeval, non-Quranic manuscripts. Also presented here is a discussion of the activity of some Andalusi copyists of the period, their aesthetic models, their social status, and of the cultural context emerging from the material aspects and colophons of the manuscripts they produced. Dans cet article on analyse les graphies utilisées par les copistes andalous qui se consacrèrent à la production de manuscrits coraniques entre le Ve/XIe et le VIe/XIIe siècle. On examine aussi la transformation qui se produisit pendant cette époque dans la forme, l’aspect, et la conception du muṣḥaf en péninsule Ibérique. On démontrera que la notion de « graphies coraniques » en Occident islamique est tellement fluide qu’elle devient insaisissable pour la période qui va de l’introduction des graphies cursives dans les manuscrits du Coran à l’apogée de la domination Almoravide. On tentera aussi d’expliciter comment tous les traits calligraphiques de ces styles dérivent des écritures livresques de la même époque. Enfin, on traitera de l’activité de quelques copistes andalous de cette période, de leurs modèles esthétiques et statut social, et du contexte culturel qui émerge des aspects matériaux des manuscrits qu’ils produisirent.

The aim of this thesis is to bring to light the unknown figure of Ahmad al-Rabbât al-Halabî, a Syrian bookseller, who lived between the second half of the eighteenth century and the first half of the nineteenth century, to catalog and present his manuscripts and to investigate the users « readers » of this cultural archive: it can provide concrete answers to questions raised in the Arabic literature, the creation and circulation of texts. The research led to identify about 240 volumes, scattered around the world, from the initial library of al-Rabbât. The margins of these manuscripts contain a large number of reading certificates written by many generations of readers.The work on the manuscript sources also presented an opportunity to create a database of the copyists, the owners and the readers of manuscripts, and to determine the role played by Western travelers and consular agents in the production and the history of the manuscripts., L’objectif de cette thèse est de faire découvrir le personnage d’Ahmad al-Rabbât al-Halabî, un libraire syrien qui a vécu entre la seconde moitié du XVIIIe siècle et la première moitié du XIXe siècle, de répertorier et présenter ses manuscrits et d’enquêter sur les utilisateurs « lecteurs » de cette archive culturelle : ce qui peut permettre d’apporter des réponses concrètes à certaines questions sur la littérature arabe, la création et la circulation des textes. Les recherches ont conduit à identifier environ 240 volumes, dispersés un peu partout dans le monde, de la bibliothèque initiale d’al-Rabbât. Les marges de ces manuscrits contiennent un grand nombre de certificats de lecture rédigés par plusieurs générations de lecteurs. Le travail sur les sources manuscrites a aussi donné la possibilité de créer une base de données sur les copistes, les propriétaires et les lecteurs des manuscrits, de déterminer le rôle qu’ont joué les voyageurs occidentaux et les agents consulaires dans la vie de ces documents.

This contribution explores a peculiar kind of annotation in Arabic multiple-text manuscripts. These manuscripts were often compiled as a personal &lsquo, one-volume library&rsquo, containing copies and excerpts of a unique selection of texts. Further, they were often used for less guided writing activities. The owners left notes, lists and sometimes even sketches in the margins or on blank pages between the texts. Among these, lists of life dates of relatives are a valuable source for studies on domestic devotion. On the one hand, they give glimpses on the composition of households. How many people lived together and who were they? These lists inform us about names regardless of gender. On the other hand, the penning of these list is in itself a trace of a practice intricately tied to the familial and domestic spheres. These lists are usually the only place, in which the memory of those people is preserved.

International audience; The present subject occurred to me during my research about the role of the Internet in the discipline of New Testament textual criticism.2 If one is inter- ested in New Testament textual criticism and conducts research on the Internet wanting to know more about manuscripts, ancient versions, editions, etc., one will quickly find Islamic websites presenting topics on New Testament textual criticism. This fact, though it might be surprising to some, is actually related to a classical topic in Islamic debates against Christianity, the taḥrīf. To under- stand this unexpected meeting between a specialized field and a notion, which over time involved into polemics, it is first necessary to establish the definition of the notion and then its interesting historical development. Thereafter, we will analyze how taḥrīf is used in the digital age and interacts with New Testament textual criticism.

Ever since colonial times, West Africa Arabic manuscripts have been the object of ambiguous attention on the part of administrators, conservators and scholars. As a result, collections were first concealed or disclosed (depending on the predatory or protective nature of Western attentions), then targeted by modern scientific initiatives focused on bibliographic description, content analysis and preservation. A review of their accomplishments and shortcomings will help understand how many such projects often failed to meet – or even understand – the expectations of their intended and potential users. Or if they did meet such expectations, they misunderstood or underestimated the nature of the tools they employed and the rapidly evolving technological and cultural environment that nurtures and supports them. Only by understanding these evolving trends and realities, and therefore engaging information professionals equipped with the appropriate knowledge and skills to take advantage of them, will new initiatives to preserve and document West African Arabic manuscript heritage succeed in providing continuous and relevant access to its intellectual content and material culture., Desde la época colonial, los manuscritos arábigos conservados en África Oriental han sido objeto de una atención ambigua por parte de las administraciones, los conservadores y los investigadores. Como resultado, las colecciones han sido, primeramente, ocultadas o reveladas (según haya sido la naturaleza depredadora o protectora de Occidente). Más tarde, han sido objeto de iniciativas científicas modernas centradas en la descripción bibliográfica, el análisis del contenido y la conservación. Una revisión tanto de los logros como de los errores ayudará a entender cómo algunos proyectos han fallado a menudo a la hora de contemplar –o incluso entender– las necesidades de los potenciales lectores. Si se han contemplado dichas expectativas, se ha malinterpretado o infravalorado la naturaleza de las herramientas que se han empleado, así como el rápido desarrollo tecnológico y cultural que las sostiene. Sólo si entendemos las realidades y tendencias inherentes y si atendemos, consecuencia, a la información que proporcionan, los profesionales, equipados con nuevas competencias y recursos, podrán desarrollar nuevas iniciativas para preservar el patrimonio documental de África Oriental. De este modo, se conseguirá permitir un acceso continuo y relevante al contenido intelectual de dicho patrimonio y a la cultura material que representa.

La recuperació i publicació electrònica de fonts escrites ha progressat àgilment gràcies a les oportunitats que ofereixen les noves tecnologies de la informació i la comunicació per a la digitalització de documents i la construcció de bases de dades o repositoris, un procés que hores d’ara afecta tant els fons occidentals com els propis de la civilització àrab i islàmica. Així, les institucions que preserven llegats i col∙leccions de documents medievals i moderns en llengua àrab, o en altres llengües pròpies de la cultura islàmica, veuen com s’incrementa la capacitat d’accés públic a aquests fons gràcies a les noves eines digitals. The electronic recuperation and publication of written sources has been improved thanks to the opportunities provided by new technologies related to reserach and digitalisation. This process has modified the management of Western and Arabic manuscripts. The institutions that preserve the documentary heritage of Medieval and Modern manuscripts in Arab and other languages of the Islamic culture have increased the digital processes in order to obtain more public access. a recuperació i publicació electrònica de fonts escrites ha progressat àgilment gràcies a les oportunitats que ofereixen les noves tecnologies de la informació i la comunicació per a la digitalització de documents i la construcció de bases de dades o repositoris, un procés que hores d’ara afecta tant els fons occidentals com els propis de la civilització àrab i islàmica. Així, les institucions que preserven llegats i col·leccions de documents medievals i moderns en llengua àrab, o en altres llengües pròpies de la cultura islàmica, veuen com s’incrementa la capacitat d’accés públic a aquests fons gràcies a les noves eines digitals.

As more efforts are performed to digitize Western Saharan manuscripts, for preserving the memory they represent, the need to be able to work on thesedigitized materials naturally grows. Beyond cataloguing, an ontology is the basis to provide to researchers new tools for retrieving and integrating these knowledge sources. In this paper, we present the design of OMOS, an ontology describing Western Saharan manuscripts. We illustrate each step, from expert interviews and local resources analysis to the alignment with well-established reference ontologies, including an automatic enrichment from existing thesaurus., Dans le cadre de la sauvegarde et de la valorisation des documents patrimoniaux, des campagnes de numérisation des manuscrits anciens ont été entreprises dans différents endroits notamment dans une partie de l'ouest africain. Ces campagnes de numérisation ont généré un nombre important des ressources numériques potentiellement riches en informations que les chercheurs en sciences humaines et sociales et le grand public désireraient exploiter. Dans cet article, nous proposons un moyen d'accès à toutes les informations sur les manuscrits qui soit plus riche que ceux disponibles dans les catalogues. Pour cela, nous avons construit de façon semi-automatique une ontologie regroupant les connaissances sur les manuscrits. Les différentes étapes suivies dans la construction de l'ontologie allant de l'acquisition des connaissances à partir d'un certain nombre de ressources jusqu'à son enrichissement semi-automatique à partir d'un thésaurus sont présentées. Nous avons par la suite procédé à son alignement avec certaines ontologies de référence.

International audience; As more efforts are performed to digitize Western Saharan manuscripts, for preserving the memory they represent, the need to be able to work on thesedigitized materials naturally grows. Beyond cataloguing, an ontology is the basis to provide to researchers new tools for retrieving and integrating these knowledge sources. In this paper, we present the design of OMOS, an ontology describing Western Saharan manuscripts. We illustrate each step, from expert interviews and local resources analysis to the alignment with well-established reference ontologies, including an automatic enrichment from existing thesaurus.; Dans le cadre de la sauvegarde et de la valorisation des documents patrimoniaux, des campagnes de numérisation des manuscrits anciens ont été entreprises dans différents endroits notamment dans une partie de l'ouest africain. Ces campagnes de numérisation ont généré un nombre important des ressources numériques potentiellement riches en informations que les chercheurs en sciences humaines et sociales et le grand public désireraient exploiter. Dans cet article, nous proposons un moyen d'accès à toutes les informations sur les manuscrits qui soit plus riche que ceux disponibles dans les catalogues. Pour cela, nous avons construit de façon semi-automatique une ontologie regroupant les connaissances sur les manuscrits. Les différentes étapes suivies dans la construction de l'ontologie allant de l'acquisition des connaissances à partir d'un certain nombre de ressources jusqu'à son enrichissement semi-automatique à partir d'un thésaurus sont présentées. Nous avons par la suite procédé à son alignement avec certaines ontologies de référence.

Póster presentado en la International Conference On the Same Page: Digital Approaches to Hebrew Manuscripts, celebrada en King's College London el 18 y 19 de mayo de 2015.-- Contiene un documento pdf con más información, The Manuscript@CSIC portal presents the collections of manuscripts in Hebrew, Arabic and Aljamiado stored in the CSIC libraries, including both, their cataloging and digitalization. This is a joint project between the Institute of Mediterranean and Near Eastern Languages and Cultures (ILC), the School of Arabic Studies in Granada (EEA) and the CSIC Library Coordination Unit. This portal is conceived as an open project, since in later stages it intends to incorporate other important collections of manuscripts written in other languages and kept in CSIC libraries., Under the management of Mª Teresa Ortega Monasterio and Agnès Ponsati Obiols, research staff has been appointed from the institutes and technical staff from both libraries and also from the Library Coordination Unit for the tasks of developing the catalogue, the portal and monitoring the digitalization processes., The Manuscript@CSIC portal provides access to codicological and catalographic descriptions of these manuscripts, and the complete text of each document. It also has advanced visualization functions, making it a valuable working tool for both national and international scientific communities.

The Arabic and Ajami manuscripts are one of the Nigeria’s literary and cultural heritage. The manuscripts certainly facilitate greater understanding on the past, present and future of Nigeria’s literary and scholarly tradition. The manuscripts, particularly, those written by Sokoto Jihad triumvirate i.e. Sheikh Usman bin Danfodiyo, Abdullahi bin Fodiyo and Muhammad Bello dwelt on religion, politics, economic, medicine etc. However, despite the immense importance of the manuscripts, a number of problems are bedeviling the efforts of preserving them. In view of this, the article discusses the nature of paper and ink formation and some of the problems confronting its preservation. It also examines the colonial insensitivity towards Islam/Arabic language. Equally, it points out the Northern Nigeria’s environmental condition as one of the major challenges in the preservation and conservation processes. The last segment discusses future prospect of the conservation and preservation activities of Arabic and Ajami manuscripts in the Northern Nigeria.

Identificación de un fragmento de la obra Kitāb al-Muktafà fi l-waqf wa-l-ibtidā’ del célebre experto andalusí en lecturas coránicas Abū `Amr `Uṯmān b. Sa`īd al-Dānī (m.1053) en la miscelánea cataloga-da como Libro I del Archivo Histórico Provincial de Málaga, procedente del hallazgo en Cútar (Málaga) de la biblioteca del alfaquí Muhammad b. `Alī b. Muhammad al-Ŷayyār al-Ansārī (m. principios s. XVI). A su descripción se une una propuesta de nueva datación de este manuscrito. A fragment of Kitāb al-Muktafà fi l-waqf wa-l-ibtidā’ by the famous Andalusi scholar Abū `Amr `Uṯmān b. Sa`īd al-Dānī (m. 1053) is identified among the books included in Arabic Manuscript I from Malaga Provincial Historic Archive. This manuscript belongs to the library of Muhammad b. `Alī b. Muhammad al-Ŷayyār al-Ansārī (died in the early sixteenth century) from Cutar (Malaga, Spain). Its description and a new dating of the manuscript are proposed.

101-113 В статье рассматривается формирование восточной (преимущественно арабо- язычной) археографии в Дагестане позднего имперского и раннего советского вре- мени в общем контексте складывания круга востоковедных дисциплин на мусуль- манских окраинах Российской империи, а позднее Советского Союза. Автор статьи анализирует репертуар, исторические особенности, переводы и интерпретации па- мятников оригинальной северокавказской литературы и документов на арабском языке. Цель данной работы в том, чтобы выявить значение и роль археографической 357 работы по собиранию и научной критике в процессе складывания исламоведческого направления отечественной ориенталистики в последней трети XIX - первой по- ловины XX в. How did Oriental archeography evolve in Daghestan, in the late tsarist and early Soviet periods? This article analyzes various expeditions to collect manuscripts (most of them in the Arabic language) in the North East Caucasus against the background of the emergence of Oriental studies in the Muslim borderlands of imperial, and then Soviet, Russia. The author took into consideration the thematic repertoire and the historical particularities of original North Caucasus manuscripts and documents in the Arabic language, including how works and documents were translated and interpreted. The aim is to point out the role of archeographic work in the emergence of Islamic studies within the academic school of Russian Orientology from the last third of the nineteenth to the first half of the twentieth centuries.

Resources are main tools for the editor of classical Arabic texts and researchers dealing with Arabic manuscripts and intellectual heritage. This essay is an introduction for the electronic resources in the field. It shortly reviews the most important resources, categorized according to textual criticism steps, introducing them and tips about how to use them., Resources is a main tool for the editor of Classical Arabic texts and dealers with Arabic manuscripts and heritage in general. This essay is a suitable introduction for electronic resources in the field. It shortly reviews the most important resources, categorized according to textual criticism steps, introducing them and tips about how to use.

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo la edición árabe y su traducción al español de un pequeño tratado científico anónimo incluido en el manuscrito misceláneo nº 888 de la Real Biblioteca del Monasterio de San Lorenzo de El Escorial, titulado Tratado sobre el pelo. En la obra se describen, de manera muy concisa, las causas por las que se genera el pelo, la importancia que este tiene en determinadas zonas del cuerpo, las diferencias existentes entre el pelo de hombres, mujeres y niños, las características y cualidades de las personas de pelo rizado, lacio, rubio o moreno, y las enfermedades capilares y sus orígenes. El manuscrito completo consta de catorce obras, escritas de la mano del mismo copista, a lo largo de los 170 folios. El título general que lo encabeza es El libro de las curiosidades y las utilidades médicas y filosóficas y, como bien describe este título, todas las obras versan sobre materias curiosas de estas dos ramas del saber., Arabic edition and the Spanish translation of an anonymous short scientific treatise, Dissertation on the hair, included in the miscellaneous manuscript nº 888 of the Royal Library of the Monastery of San Lorenzo de El Escorial, providing reasons for hair growth and significance in the body, differences between hair of men, women and children, and characteristics and qualities of people with curly, straight, blond or dark hair and capillary diseases. The whole manuscript consists of fourteen parts written by the same copyist in 170 folios under the general title of The book of medical and philosophical curiosities and utilities, covering several subjects from both branches of knowledge.

101-113 В статье рассматривается формирование восточной (преимущественно арабо- язычной) археографии в Дагестане позднего имперского и раннего советского вре- мени в общем контексте складывания круга востоковедных дисциплин на мусуль- манских окраинах Российской империи, а позднее Советского Союза. Автор статьи анализирует репертуар, исторические особенности, переводы и интерпретации па- мятников оригинальной северокавказской литературы и документов на арабском языке. Цель данной работы в том, чтобы выявить значение и роль археографической 357 работы по собиранию и научной критике в процессе складывания исламоведческого направления отечественной ориенталистики в последней трети XIX - первой по- ловины XX в. How did Oriental archeography evolve in Daghestan, in the late tsarist and early Soviet periods? This article analyzes various expeditions to collect manuscripts (most of them in the Arabic language) in the North East Caucasus against the background of the emergence of Oriental studies in the Muslim borderlands of imperial, and then Soviet, Russia. The author took into consideration the thematic repertoire and the historical particularities of original North Caucasus manuscripts and documents in the Arabic language, including how works and documents were translated and interpreted. The aim is to point out the role of archeographic work in the emergence of Islamic studies within the academic school of Russian Orientology from the last third of the nineteenth to the first half of the twentieth centuries.

Este artículo pretende analizar el conjunto de las tesis doctorales presentadas en Universidades españolas sobre la figura de Ibn al-Jaṭīb, gran escritor y político, durante el siglo XX y hasta la actualidad. Se ofrece una relación de dichas tesis doctorales, ordenadas por el nombre del doctorando, indicando título de la tesis, lugar de su presentación, año y nombre del director de la misma. A continuación comento el contenido de la tesis, en referencia a la obra de Ibn al-Jaṭīb sobre la que se trate. También señalo si han sido publicadas o siguen inéditas. Asimismo se añaden algunos comentarios sobre cada tesis. Finalmente ofrezco algunas referencias y explicaciones de conjunto sobre las Universidades respectivas en que fueron presentadas., Analyses the doctoral theses on Ibn al-Jaṭīb, a notable writer and politician, submitted to Spanish universities during the 20th century and up to the present. Bibliographic data are arranged by name of candidates and include title, institution, year and name of the director, as well as information on publication, if available. Content of the dissertations in relation to the works of Ibn al-Jaṭīb covered is reviewed, together with references and commentary on the group of theses as a whole and on the universities where they were submitted.

Póster presentado en la International Conference On the Same Page: Digital Approaches to Hebrew Manuscripts, celebrada en King's College London el 18 y 19 de mayo de 2015.-- Contiene un documento pdf con más información The Manuscript@CSIC portal presents the collections of manuscripts in Hebrew, Arabic and Aljamiado stored in the CSIC libraries, including both, their cataloging and digitalization. This is a joint project between the Institute of Mediterranean and Near Eastern Languages and Cultures (ILC), the School of Arabic Studies in Granada (EEA) and the CSIC Library Coordination Unit. This portal is conceived as an open project, since in later stages it intends to incorporate other important collections of manuscripts written in other languages and kept in CSIC libraries. Under the management of Mª Teresa Ortega Monasterio and Agnès Ponsati Obiols, research staff has been appointed from the institutes and technical staff from both libraries and also from the Library Coordination Unit for the tasks of developing the catalogue, the portal and monitoring the digitalization processes. The Manuscript@CSIC portal provides access to codicological and catalographic descriptions of these manuscripts, and the complete text of each document. It also has advanced visualization functions, making it a valuable working tool for both national and international scientific communities.

101-113 В статье рассматривается формирование восточной (преимущественно арабо- язычной) археографии в Дагестане позднего имперского и раннего советского вре- мени в общем контексте складывания круга востоковедных дисциплин на мусуль- манских окраинах Российской империи, а позднее Советского Союза. Автор статьи анализирует репертуар, исторические особенности, переводы и интерпретации па- мятников оригинальной северокавказской литературы и документов на арабском языке. Цель данной работы в том, чтобы выявить значение и роль археографической 357 работы по собиранию и научной критике в процессе складывания исламоведческого направления отечественной ориенталистики в последней трети XIX - первой по- ловины XX в. How did Oriental archeography evolve in Daghestan, in the late tsarist and early Soviet periods? This article analyzes various expeditions to collect manuscripts (most of them in the Arabic language) in the North East Caucasus against the background of the emergence of Oriental studies in the Muslim borderlands of imperial, and then Soviet, Russia. The author took into consideration the thematic repertoire and the historical particularities of original North Caucasus manuscripts and documents in the Arabic language, including how works and documents were translated and interpreted. The aim is to point out the role of archeographic work in the emergence of Islamic studies within the academic school of Russian Orientology from the last third of the nineteenth to the first half of the twentieth centuries.

A fragment of Kitāb al-Muktafà fi l-waqf wa-l-ibtidā’ by the famous Andalusi scholar Abū `Amr `Uṯmān b. Sa`īd al-Dānī (m. 1053) is identified among the books included in Arabic Manuscript I from Malaga Provincial Historic Archive. This manuscript belongs to the library of Muhammad b. `Alī b. Muhammad al-Ŷayyār al-Ansārī (died in the early sixteenth century) from Cutar (Malaga, Spain). Its description and a new dating of the manuscript are proposed. Identificación de un fragmento de la obra Kitāb al-Muktafà fi l-waqf wa-l-ibtidā’ del célebre experto andalusí en lecturas coránicas Abū `Amr `Uṯmān b. Sa`īd al-Dānī (m.1053) en la miscelánea cataloga-da como Libro I del Archivo Histórico Provincial de Málaga, procedente del hallazgo en Cútar (Málaga) de la biblioteca del alfaquí Muhammad b. `Alī b. Muhammad al-Ŷayyār al-Ansārī (m. principios s. XVI). A su descripción se une una propuesta de nueva datación de este manuscrito.

Comment faire vivre un manuscrit ? C’est la question qui se pose au centre des manuscrits créé dans la Bibliotheca Alexandrina, en Égypte, spécialisé dans la collecte, le traitement et la restauration de manuscrits arabes. Patrimoine littéraire et objet d’histoire, codex à conserver et livre à lire, le manuscrit a en effet pour particularité de se situer aussi bien dans l’univers textuel de la lecture et de la transmission érudite que dans celui matériel de la préservation et de la sauvegarde. Le suivi des traitements de l’objet manuscrit sous différentes formes (microfilm, codex, image numérisée) permet d’examiner la manière dont le manuscrit est déployé en versions alternatives : celles-ci proposent non seulement différentes relations entre le texte et la matière, la copie et l’original, l’authentique et la reproduction, mais également des ontologies plurielles du livre comme matière à lire, à manipuler et à contempler. How can one make a manuscript live? This is the question which the manuscript centre created in the Bibliotheca Alexandrina in Egypt has to face. This centre is dedicated to the collection, preservation and restoration of Arabic manuscripts. Manuscripts are at the same time codices to be kept and as well as books to be read. They therefore have the peculiarity of concerning simultaneously the study of texts, reading, and the transmission of learning and needing conservation and preservation. The examination of the various ways manuscripts as objects are treated (microfilms, codices electronic scans) show how they are made available in varying ways. These different ways reveal different types of relations of text and thing, copies and originals, authentic versions and reproductions but also the multiple ontologies of the book as an object to be read manipulated and contemplated.

Une fréquentation assidue des sources anciennes m’a permis de noter l’importance du nom propre dans la culture islamique. Mon attention a très tôt été attirée par une série de textes, notamment des traditions prophétiques, où il en est question. Ces textes, qui mettent en scène la première communauté musulmane à Médine, montrent Muḥammad donnant des noms à ses disciples, leurs épouses ou leurs enfants, ou bien changeant leurs noms, et prononçant des oukases contre plusieurs noms. On a toujour...

Préambule. Baybars ou la ménagerie du nom Le sultan Baybars (al-Malik al-Ẓāhir Rukn al-Dīn al-Ṣāliḥī al-Bunduqdārī), né vers 1233, était originaire du Qipšāq, au nord de la mer Noire. Dans la langue turque que l’on parlait dans cette région, Baybars signifie littéralement « prince tigre » : bay désignant le prince, bars le tigre.Bars semble apparenté au turc pars, la panthère. Cet animal est également nommé bar en mongol, bars en russe. En arabe et en persan, le tigre est désigné par babr (pl...

Contrairement à d’autres itinéraires, celui de Jacqueline Sublet est d’une parfaite clarté. L’histoire le guide tout au long, mais pas n’importe laquelle. D’entrée de jeu, la recherche du document s’y impose, comme indispensable moyen d’accès à la connaissance de milieux divers : marchands, juristes, fonctionnaires au premier rang desquels Ibn al-Suqāʿī, témoin majeur de l’intérêt porté par Jacqueline Sublet à l’époque mamelouke. Biographie et historiographie vont très vite, dans cet itinérai...

Responsabilité de la Série Onomasticon Arabicum : à partir de 1973, 8 fascicules parus à l’Institut de Recherche et d’Histoire des Textes (IRHT) - CNRS, Collection « Documents, Colloques, Travaux préparatoires, Série Onomasticon Arabicum », dont deux en co-édition avec l’Istituto per l’Oriente à Rome et un avec l’UCLA à Los Angeles. Cahiers d’onomastique arabe, éd., 5 volumes parus : Paris, Éditions du CNRS 1979 (176 p.), 1981 (127 p.), 1982-1984 (170 p.), 1985-1987 (153 p.), 1988-1992 (166 p...

Le nom propre (ism 'alam) fait l'objet, dans les traités grammaticaux arabes tardifs, de développements substantiels, soit dans les généralités sur le nom, soit dans le chapitre consacré aux expressions définies (ma'rifa). Dans le présent article, on traite d'abord des anthroponymes, en partant de la divergence remarquable entre grammairiens arabes et arabisants : les premiers en comptent trois types, ism (nom), laqab (surnom), en concurrence avec nabaz (surnom péjoratif), et kunya ; les seconds en ajoutent deux : nasab (patronyme, au sens anthropologique) et nisba (nom de relation). On insiste sur la mystérieuse kunya, qui est un teknonyme, mais semble avoir été plus généralement un " métonyme ", désignant un individu comme terme d'une relation de parenté quelconque. On rappelle qu'elle peut être réelle ou factice et on en propose une classification. On traite ensuite des zoonymes, qui ont en propre le " nom propre d'espèce " (ism 'alam jinsî), mais en commun avec l'anthroponyme le " nom propre d'individu " (ism 'alam shakhsî), qui peut être soit un ism et/ou une kunya, situation qui témoigne d'un état de la culture où l'homme est pensé en continuité avec la nature. On traite ensuite des toponymes (ism mawd'i', mais parfois aussi ism makân) et des " noms propres de choses " ('alam ma'nâ), catégorie hybride regroupant, à côté de " personnifications ", des noms propres par accident (si on donne à des noms communs la flexion des noms propres) ou encore sémiotiquement, comme le ism al-mas'dar et, pour certains, le ism al-fi'l, " noms " ayant pour " dénommés " (musammâ) un mas'dar (nom verbal) formel ou un verbe, c'est-à-dire le même sens qu'eux. Ce qui nous amène aux autonymes, considérés dans la tradition arabe comme des noms propres. On termine par le classement formel et étymologique des noms propres et les raisons de l'absence du nasab et de la nisba dans l'onomastique des grammairiens, qui apparaît, au terme de cette enquête, comme une source de premier ordre et pour tout dire incontournable.

Travaillant depuis novembre 2000, dans le cadre de mon séminaire de recherche de l’École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, sur la magie chez les musulmans balkaniques, je me suis très rapidement rendu compte de l’intérêt qu’il y avait à mener cette recherche selon trois principes : l’entreprendre pays par pays, afin d’analyser plus facilement l’ensemble des publications connues et de la documentation accessible ; le faire en comparaison constante avec la magie pratiquée chez les populat...

Parmi les traditionnistes du iiie/ixe siècle, même si par la suite la réputation d’un Buḫārī, d’un Muslim, a de loin dépassé la sienne, Ibn Ḫuzayma a tenu une place éminente, dont témoigne son surnom, toujours rappelé, d’« imam suprême » (imām al-a’imma). Ibn Ḥibbān (m. 354/965), lui-même auteur d’un Ṣaḥīḥ célèbre, disait à son propos : « Je n’ai jamais vu sur la surface de la terre quelqu’un qui ait maîtrisé à ce point la technique des traditions (ṣinā‘at al-sunan) et les ait comme lui conse...