497,605 results
Search Results
2. Chronic pancreatitis for the clinician. Part 2: Treatment and follow-up. Interdisciplinary position paper of the Societat Catalana de Digestologia and the Societat Catalana de Pàncrees
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Xavier Molero, Àngels Ginès, Lucas Ilzarbe, Teresa Serrano, Juli Busquets, Anna Casteràs, Carme Loras, Juan Ramón Ayuso, Gloria Fernàndez Esparrach, Mar Concepción, Esther Fort, Silvia Salord, Jorge J. Olsina, Miquel Masachs, Borobia Fg, Xavier Merino, Eva Cristina Vaquero, Joaquim Balsells, Jaume Boadas, Valentí Puig-Diví, and Míriam Cuatrecasas
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Abdominal pain ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency ,Interventional radiology ,General Medicine ,Evidence-based medicine ,medicine.disease ,Genetic mutations ,Therapeutic approach ,Diabetes mellitus ,Quality of life (healthcare) ,Health care ,medicine ,Pancreatitis ,Position paper ,Intensive care medicine ,business ,Chronic pancreatitis - Abstract
Chronic pancreatitis is associated with impaired quality of life, high incidence of comorbidities, serious complications and mortality. Healthcare costs are exorbitant. Some medical societies have developed guidelines for treatment based on scientific evidence, but the gathered level of evidence for any individual topic is usually low and, therefore, recommendations tend to be vague or weak. In the present position papers on chronic pancreatitis from the Societat Catalana de Digestologia and the Societat Catalana de Pàncrees we aimed at providing defined position statements for the clinician based on updated review of published literature and on multidisciplinary expert agreement. The final goal is to propose the use of common terminology and rational diagnostic/therapeutic circuits based on current knowledge. To this end 51 sections related to chronic pancreatitis were reviewed by 21 specialists from 6 different fields to generate 88 statements altogether. Statements were designed to harmonize concepts or delineate recommendations. Part 2 of these paper series discuss topics on treatment and follow-up. The therapeutic approach should include assessment of etiological factors, clinical manifestations and complications. The complexity of these patients advocates for detailed evaluation in multidisciplinary committees where conservative, endoscopic, interventional radiology or surgical options are weighed. Specialized multidisciplinary units of Pancreatology should be constituted. Indications for surgery are refractory pain, local complications, and suspicion of malignancy. Enzyme replacement therapy is indicated if evidence of exocrine insufficiency or after pancreatic surgery. Response should be evaluated by nutritional parameters and assessment of symptoms. A follow-up program should be planned for every patient with chronic pancreatitis. © 2021 Elsevier España, S.L.U.
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- 2022
3. Management of Incidental Thyroid Nodules on Chest CT: Using Natural Language Processing to Assess White Paper Adherence and Track Patient Outcomes
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Benjamin Wildman-Tobriner, Steven Dondlinger, and Ryan G. Short
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Thyroid nodules ,Chest ct ,Thyroid ultrasound ,computer.software_genre ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,White paper ,Chart review ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Thyroid Nodule ,Natural Language Processing ,Retrospective Studies ,Incidental Findings ,business.industry ,Ultrasound ,Nodule (medicine) ,medicine.disease ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Artificial intelligence ,medicine.symptom ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,business ,computer ,Natural language processing - Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to develop a natural language processing (NLP) pipeline to identify incidental thyroid nodules (ITNs) meeting criteria for sonographic follow-up and to assess both adherence rates to white paper recommendations and downstream outcomes related to these incidental findings. Methods 21583 non-contrast chest CT reports from 2017 and 2018 were retrospectively evaluated to identify reports which included either an explicit recommendation for thyroid ultrasound, a description of a nodule ≥ 1.5 cm, or description of a nodule with suspicious features. Reports from 2018 were used to train an NLP algorithm called fastText for automated identification of such reports. Algorithm performance was then evaluated on the 2017 reports. Next, any patient from 2017 with a report meeting criteria for ultrasound follow-up was further evaluated with manual chart review to determine follow-up adherence rates and nodule-related outcomes. Results NLP identified reports with ITNs meeting criteria for sonographic follow-up with an accuracy of 96.5% (95% CI 96.2-96.7) and sensitivity of 92.1% (95% CI 89.8-94.3). In 10006 chest CTs from 2017, ITN follow-up ultrasound was indicated according to white paper criteria in 81 patients (0.8%), explicitly recommended in 46.9% (38/81) of patients, and obtained in less than half of patients in which it was appropriately recommended (17/35, 48.6%). Discussion NLP accurately identified chest CT reports meeting criteria for ITN ultrasound follow-up. Radiologist adherence to white paper guidelines and subsequent referrer adherence to radiologist recommendations showed room for improvement.
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- 2022
4. Stability of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus varies across different paper types
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Tomo Daidoji, Hajime Miyazaki, Takaaki Nakaya, Risa Bandou, Ryohei Hirose, Takuma Yoshida, Naoto Watanabe, and Yoshito Itoh
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Paper ,Microbiology (medical) ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Virus transmission ,viruses ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,IP, inkjet paper ,PBS, phosphate-buffered saline ,Viral transmission ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ,Virus ,IPP, inkjet photo paper ,FBS, fetal bovine serum ,IAV, influenza A virus ,Influenza A virus ,medicine ,Humans ,Surface structure ,Pharmacology (medical) ,FFU, focus-forming units ,DMEM, Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium ,TCID50, 50% tissue culture infectious dose ,SARS-CoV-2 ,PP, plain paper ,Postcard ,COVID-19 ,MDCK, Madin–Darby canine kidney ,Orthomyxoviridae ,Virology ,Infectious Diseases ,Original Article ,Stability - Abstract
Introduction The assessment of the risk of virus transmission through papers, such as postcards, is important. However, the stability of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and influenza A virus (IAV) on different types of papers is currently unknown. Investigation of the survival time of these viruses on different types of papers will provide insights into their risk of long-distance transport by postal items. Methods We evaluated the stability of SARS-CoV-2 and IAV, mixed with a culture medium, on the surface of postcards with various coatings, including plain paper (PP), inkjet paper (IP), and inkjet photo paper (IPP). The surface structure of each paper was microscopically assessed. Results The surface structures of PP, IP, and IPP varied greatly depending on the presence or absence, and type, of coat layer, regardless of the base material. IP and IPP surfaces were less conducive to virus survival than PP surfaces, because of the difference in surface shapes. The survival times of SARS-CoV-2 on each paper were approximately 59.8 (PP), 6.5 (IP), and 9.8 h (IPP), and significantly longer than those of IAV (10.3, 1.8, and 3.3 h, respectively). Conclusions The risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission via paper, such as postcards, is significantly higher than that of IAV transmission. While PP, IP, and IPP have the same base material, their surface structures differ, which affects viral stability. The IP and IPP surfaces are less suitable for virus survival. This study provides novel insights into the risks of viral transmission via paper.
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- 2022
5. Randomized Controlled Trial of Paper-Based at a Hospital versus Continual Electronic Patient-Reported Outcomes at Home for Metastatic Cancer Patients: Does Electronic Measurement at Home Detect Patients' Health Status in Greater Detail?
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Naruto Taira, Kojiro Shimozuma, Takashi Fukuda, Takuya Kawahara, Takeru Shiroiwa, Shinichi Noto, Yasuhiro Hagiwara, Tetsuya Iwamoto, and Keiko Konomura
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Health Policy ,Health Status ,Cancer ,Paper based ,medicine.disease ,Outcome (game theory) ,Eortc qlq c 30 ,Hospitals ,law.invention ,Randomized controlled trial ,Quality of life ,law ,Neoplasms ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Physical therapy ,Quality of Life ,Medicine ,Humans ,Patient-reported outcome ,Patient Reported Outcome Measures ,Electronics ,business - Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to determine whether continual electronic patient-reported outcome (ePRO) measurements at home can capture the fluctuations in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) scores between visits. Methods We performed a randomized controlled trial to compare the scores obtained by standard practice (paper-based measurements in the hospital) to scores by continuous measurement of ePRO at home. Metastatic cancer patients were randomly assigned to either the paper-based ( n = 50) or the ePRO group ( n = 52). EQ-5D-5L and EORTC QLQ C-30 scores were obtained on 3 different chemotherapy days in the paper-based group. Meanwhile, scores were obtained on the chemotherapy day and on days 3, 7, 10, and 14 in the ePRO group during 2 cycles. The first hypothesis of our study was that both scores at the same time points would be equivalent despite different measurement frequency, place, or mode of measurement. The second hypothesis was that PRO score–adjusted time would be different between the groups. For equivalence, the endpoint was the mean EQ-5D-5L index value on the chemotherapy day before the outpatient treatment. Only if equivalence was shown, quality-adjusted life-days (QALDs) were considered using all the data. Results The adjusted mean difference in the EQ-5D-5L index was determined to be −0.013 (95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.049 to 0.022); the 95% CI did not exceed the equivalence margin. Similarly, the mean difference in global health status (2.28 [95% CI: −2.55 to 7.11]) also showed equivalence. However, the QALD by EQ-5D-5L was significantly lower in the ePRO group by 1.36 per 30 d (95% CI: −2.22 to −0.51; P = 0.0021). Conclusions Continual measurements of the HRQOL at home by ePRO may yield more detailed profiles of the HRQOL.
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- 2022
6. White paper on antimicrobial stewardship in solid organ transplant recipients
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Deborah Levine, Michael Spinner, Margaret R. Jorgenson, Jennifer Pisano, Dilek Ince, Helen S. Te, Sarah Kabbani, Miranda So, Stephanie M Pouch, Gopi Patel, Darshana Dadhania, Elizabeth C. Verna, Shahid Husain, Jonathan Hand, Linda Ohler, Graeme Forrest, Erika D. Lease, Lilian M. Abbo, Monica I. Ardura, Rachel Bartash, and Jeffrey D. Edelman
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Transplantation ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Risk of infection ,MEDLINE ,Immunosuppression ,Organ Transplantation ,Tissue Donors ,Transplant Recipients ,United States ,Article ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Antimicrobial Stewardship ,White paper ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Antimicrobial stewardship ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Stewardship ,Antibiotic prophylaxis ,Solid organ transplantation ,Intensive care medicine ,business - Abstract
Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) have made immense strides in optimizing antibiotic, antifungal, and antiviral use in clinical settings. However, although ASPs are required institutionally by regulatory agencies in the United States and Canada, they are not mandated for transplant centers or programs specifically. Despite the fact that solid organ transplant recipients in particular are at increased risk of infections from multidrug-resistant organisms, due to host and donor factors and immunosuppressive therapy, there currently are little rigorous data regarding stewardship practices in solid organ transplant populations, and thus, no transplant-specific requirements currently exist. Further complicating matters, transplant patients have a wide range of variability regarding their susceptibility to infection, as factors such as surgery of transplant, intensity of immunosuppression, and presence of drains or catheters in situ may modify the risk of infection. As such, it is not feasible to have a “one-size-fits-all” style of stewardship for this patient population. The objective of this white paper is to identify opportunities, risk factors, and ASP strategies that should be assessed with solid organ transplant recipients to optimize antimicrobial use, while producing an overall improvement in patient outcomes. We hope it may serve as a springboard for development of future guidance and identification of research opportunities.
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- 2022
7. The palliative clinical specialist radiation therapist: A CAMRT White Paper
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Nicole Harnett, Natalie Rozanec, and Carrie Lavergne
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,Palliative Radiation Therapy ,business.industry ,Radiation Therapist ,media_common.quotation_subject ,medicine.medical_treatment ,food and beverages ,Cancer ,medicine.disease ,Radiation therapy ,White paper ,Health care ,medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Quality (business) ,Incurable cancer ,Intensive care medicine ,business ,media_common - Abstract
Palliative radiation therapy (pRT) is an effective tool for people with incurable cancer, in the treatment of many cancer-related symptoms such as pain, bleeding and dyspnea. As utilization rates for palliative radiation therapy increase, the demands on the healthcare system continue to grow. Radiation Therapists with advanced knowledge, skills and judgements began demonstrating their ability to practice autonomously in 2004, with the development of the Clinical Specialist Radiation Therapist (CSRT) role. Since this time, CSRTs with a specific focus in pRT (pCSRT) have been increasing in both numbers as well as their positive effects on the cancer care system. Integrating a pCSRT into the existing pRT system has resulted in increased access to and quality of pRT being delivered to palliative cancer patients. The benefits of the addition of pCSRTs to the cancer care system include increasing system capacity and increasing quality of care. This white paper provides information related to the improvements that can be realized in a RT program related to the care and treatment of its palliative patients by adding a pCSRT to the interprofessional healthcare team and suggest it as one of many strategies that can be undertaken to make improvements to access and quality of care.
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- 2021
8. Diagnostic approach to neonatal and infantile cholestasis: A position paper by the SIGENP liver disease working group
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Maurizio Fuoti, Mara Cananzi, Giulia Paolella, Manila Candusso, Paola Francalanci, Lidia Monti, Emanuele Nicastro, Lorenzo D'Antiga, Carlo Dionisi Vici, Michele Pinon, Lorenza Matarazzo, Irene Degrassi, P. Gaio, Angelo Di Giorgio, Giusy Ranucci, Pier Luigi Calvo, Giuseppe Indolfi, Claudia Mandato, Fabio Mosca, Pietro Vajro, Maria Pia Bondioni, Maria Iascone, Maria Grazia Clemente, Federica Nuti, Marco Sciveres, Jean de Ville de Goyet, Claudia Della Corte, Marco Spada, Chiara Grimaldi, Federica Ferrari, Gabriella Nebbia, Giuseppe Maggiore, Fabio Fusaro, Daniele Serranti, Daniele Alberti, Fabiola Di Dato, Paola Roggero, Raffaele Iorio, and Giovanni Boroni
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Genetic liver disease ,Alagille syndrome ,Biliary atresia ,Diagnosis ,Inborn errors of metabolism ,Jaundice ,Monogenic liver disease ,Newborn ,Female ,Gastroenterology ,Humans ,Infant ,Infant, Newborn ,Cholestasis ,Evidence-Based Medicine ,Infant, Newborn, Diseases ,Practice Guidelines as Topic ,Diseases ,Disease ,Liver disease ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Intensive care medicine ,Hepatology ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Etiology ,Position paper ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Neonatal and infantile cholestasis (NIC) can represent the onset of a surgically correctable disease and of a genetic or metabolic disorder worthy of medical treatment. Timely recognition of NIC and identification of the underlying etiology are paramount to improve outcomes. Upon invitation by the Italian National Institute of Health (ISS), an expert working grouped was formed to formulate evidence-based positions on current knowledge about the diagnosis of NIC. A systematic literature search was conducted to collect evidence about epidemiology, etiology, clinical aspects and accuracy of available diagnostic tests in NIC. Evidence was scored using the GRADE system. All recommendations were approved by a panel of experts upon agreement of at least 75% of the members. The final document was approved by all the panel components. This position document summarizes the collected statements and defines the best-evidence diagnostic approach to cholestasis in the first year of life.
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- 2022
9. Paper Spray Ionization Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry of Sebum Classifies Biomarker Classes for the Diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease
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Monty Silverdale, Kaneez Jafri, Johannes P. C. Vissers, Keith Richardson, Caitlin Walton-Doyle, Eleanor Sinclair, Perdita E. Barran, Joy Milne, Sze Hway Lim, Depanjan Sarkar, and Drupad Trivedi
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Chromatography ,Parkinson's disease ,integumentary system ,Chemistry ,Ion-mobility spectrometry ,Metabolite ,Treatment options ,Tandem mass spectrometry ,medicine.disease ,sebum ,lipids ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,biomarker classes ,ion mobility ,paper spray ionization ,Clinical diagnosis ,medicine ,Biomarker (medicine) - Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder and identification of robust biomarkers to complement clinical diagnosis will accelerate treatment options. Here we demonstrate the use of direct infusion of sebum from skin swabs using paper spray ionisation coupled with ion mobility mass spectrometry (PS-IM-MS) to determine the regulation of molecular classes of lipids in sebum that are diagnostic of PD. A PS-IM-MS method for sebum samples that takes three minutes per swab was developed and optimised. The method was applied to skin swabs collected from 150 people and elucidates ~ 4200 features from each subject which were independently analysed. The data included high molecular weight lipids (>600 Da.) that differ significantly in the sebum of people with PD. Putative metabolite annotations of several lipid classes, predominantly triglycerides and larger acyl glycerides, were obtained using accurate mass, tandem mass spectrometry and collision cross section measurements.
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- 2022
10. Towards a Reformulated Theory Underlying Schema Therapy: Position Paper of an International Workgroup
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Eva Fassbinder, Marta Panzeri, Christopher W. Lee, Alp Karaosmanoglu, Marleen M. Rijkeboer, Arnoud Arntz, Edward Chan, Klinische Psychologie (Psychologie, FMG), Psychology Other Research (FMG), Section Clinical Psychology, and RS: FPN CPS III
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Schema therapy ,Cognitive science ,050103 clinical psychology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,05 social sciences ,Schema modes ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,050105 experimental psychology ,Clinical Psychology ,Early maladaptive schemas ,Needs ,Personality disorders ,Schema (psychology) ,Taxonomy (general) ,Identity (object-oriented programming) ,medicine ,Position paper ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Workgroup ,Set (psychology) ,Construct (philosophy) ,Psychology - Abstract
Background A central construct in Schema Therapy (ST) is that of a schema mode, describing the current emotional-cognitive-behavioral state. Initially, 10 modes were described. Over time, with the world-wide increasing and broader application of ST to various disorders, additional schema modes were identified, mainly based on clinical impressions. Thus, the need for a new, theoretically based, cross-cultural taxonomy of modes emerged. Methods An international workgroup started from scratch to identify an extensive taxonomy of modes, based on (a) extending the theory underlying ST with new insights on needs, and (b) recent research on ST theory supporting that modes represent combinations of activated schemas and coping. Results We propose to add two emotional needs to the original five core needs that theoretically underpin the development of early maladaptive schemas (EMSs), i.e., the need for Self-Coherence, and the need for Fairness, leading to three new EMSs, i.e. Lack of a Coherent Identity, Lack of a Meaningful World, and Unfairness. When rethinking the purpose behind the different ways of coping with EMS-activation, we came up with new labels for two of those: Resignation instead of Surrender, and Inversion instead of Overcompensation. By systematically combining EMSs and ways of coping we derived a set of schema modes that can be empirically tested. Conclusions With this project, we hope to contribute to the further development of ST and its application across the world.
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- 2021
11. Determination of inhibitory activity of Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts on xanthine oxidase with a paper-based analytical device
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Jingjing Pan, Shangxin Guo, Jingyuan Shao, Xingchu Gong, and Xiaohui Fan
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Pharmaceutical Science ,Allopurinol ,RM1-950 ,Pharmacy ,Salvia miltiorrhiza ,Analytical Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Drug Discovery ,Electrochemistry ,medicine ,Glycerol ,Xanthine oxidase ,Spectroscopy ,Detection limit ,Chromatography ,Filter paper ,Salvia miltiorrhiza extract ,3D printing ,Point-of-care testing ,chemistry ,Reagent ,Polycaprolactone ,Paper-based analytical device (PAD) ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,medicine.drug - Abstract
A novel paper-based analytical device (PAD) was prepared and applied to determine the xanthine oxidase (XOD) inhibitory activity of Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts. First, polycaprolactone was 3D printed on filter paper and heated to form hydrophobic barriers. Then the modified paper was cut according to the specific design. Necessary reagents including XOD for the colorimetric assay were immobilized on two separate pieces of paper. By simply adding phosphate buffer, the reaction was performed on the double-layer PADs. Quantitative results were obtained by analyzing the color intensity with the specialized device system (including a smartphone, a detection box and sandwich plates). The 3D-printed detection box was small, with a size of 9.0 cm × 7.0 cm × 11.5 cm. Color component G performs well in terms of linearity and detection limits and thus was identified as the index. The reaction conditions were optimized using a definitive screening design. Moreover, a 10 % glycerol solution was found to be a suitable stabilizer. When the stabilizer was added, the activity of XOD could be maintained for at least 15 days under 4 °C or -20 °C storage conditions. The inhibitory activity of Salvia miltiorrhiza extracts was investigated and compared to that of allopurinol. The results obtained with the PADs showed agreement with those obtained with the microplate method. In conclusion, the proposed PAD method is simple, accurate and has potential for point-of-care testing. It also holds promise for use in rapid quality testing of medicinal herbs, intermediate products, and preparations of traditional Chinese medicines.
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- 2021
12. Quantitative assessment of AD markers using naked eyes: point-of-care testing with paper-based lateral flow immunoassay
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Liding Zhang, Xiaohan Liang, Yanqing Li, Haiming Luo, Xuewei Du, Shiqi Niu, and Ying Su
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Paper ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Gold nanoparticle ,medicine.drug_class ,Point-of-care testing ,Biomedical Engineering ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Bioengineering ,Monoclonal antibody ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Mice ,Cerebrospinal fluid ,Alzheimer Disease ,Limit of Detection ,medicine ,Quantitative assessment ,Medical technology ,Animals ,Humans ,R855-855.5 ,Immunoassay ,Amyloid beta-Peptides ,business.industry ,Aβ42 monomer ,Research ,Antibodies, Monoclonal ,Paper based ,Aβ42 oligomer ,Peptide Fragments ,Visual detection ,Blood ,Point-of-Care Testing ,Elisa test ,Paper-based lateral flow immunoassay ,Magnetic nanoparticles ,Molecular Medicine ,business ,Alzheimer’s disease ,Biomarkers ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Lateral flow immunoassay ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Aβ42 is one of the most extensively studied blood and Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for the diagnosis of symptomatic and prodromal Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Because of the heterogeneity and transient nature of Aβ42 oligomers (Aβ42Os), the development of technologies for dynamically detecting changes in the blood or CSF levels of Aβ42 monomers (Aβ42Ms) and Aβ42Os is essential for the accurate diagnosis of AD. The currently commonly used Aβ42 ELISA test kits usually mis-detected the elevated Aβ42Os, leading to incomplete analysis and underestimation of soluble Aβ42, resulting in a comprised performance in AD diagnosis. Herein, we developed a dual-target lateral flow immunoassay (dLFI) using anti-Aβ42 monoclonal antibodies 1F12 and 2C6 for the rapid and point-of-care detection of Aβ42Ms and Aβ42Os in blood samples within 30 min for AD diagnosis. By naked eye observation, the visual detection limit of Aβ42Ms or/and Aβ42Os in dLFI was 154 pg/mL. The test results for dLFI were similar to those observed in the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Therefore, this paper-based dLFI provides a practical and rapid method for the on-site detection of two biomarkers in blood or CSF samples without the need for additional expertise or equipment. Graphical Abstract
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- 2021
13. Regulating the Deformation Properties of Paper by Varying the Degree of Its Anisotropy
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Anastasiia N. Potasheva, B.P. Techpap Sas, Yakov V. Kazakov, and Didier Rech
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Materials science ,Tension (physics) ,Ultimate tensile strength ,medicine ,Stiffness ,Deformation (meteorology) ,medicine.symptom ,Composite material ,Anisotropy ,Elastic modulus ,Kraft paper ,Tensile testing - Abstract
Mechanical properties are crucial in assessing the paper quality. Deformation and strength properties of paper are determined by the strength and stiffness of the interfiber and intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The contribution ratio of interfiber and intermolecular hydrogen bonds to the strength of paper can be changed by adjusting the degree of its anisotropy. The article presents the results on a study of the deformation properties of laboratory anisotropic paper samples from kraft bleached softwood pulp with a beating degree of 30 °SR. The samples had basic weight of 90 g/m2 and the degree of stiffness anisotropy TSIMD/CD of 1.75–4.08. They were made by using Techpap SAS automatic dynamic handsheet former (Grenoble, France), with varying forming parameters – diameter of the nozzle, motion speed of the forming wire, and injecting speed of pulp. Deformation properties were determined by tensile test and processing of the stress-strain dependence (σ−ε). The outcomes have shown that, an increase of the fiber orientation degree in paper structure by changing the forming parameters caused a change in the nature of the paper deformation under tension. Increasing the fiber orientation degree in the structure of paper made it possible to increase the strength by 55 %, tensile stiffness by 63 % in the machine direction, while reducing the extensibility by 10 %. In the cross direction, it was possible to decrease tensile stiffness by 33 %, strength by 55 %, and increase the extensibility by 5 %. Anisotropy of tensile strength was 1.73–6.00. The greatest effect was obtained for the elasticity modulus in the pre-failure zone E2 (2.8–38.6). It means that, fiber orientation had a key importance when large deformations in the samples took place. The established quantitative regularities allowed optimizing the values of the deformation and strength properties of paper, and their ratio in the machine direction and cross direction due to the variation of the forming parameters. For citation: Rech D., Potasheva A.N., Kazakov Ya.V. Regulating the Deformation Properties of Paper by Varying the Degree of Its Anisotropy. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2021, no. 5, pp. 174–184. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2021-5-174-184
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- 2021
14. Vaccination against COVID-19 for patients with primary immunodeficiency and hereditary angioedema: the position paper of the Russian Association of Allergology, Clinical Immunology, and the National Association of Experts in Primary Immunodeficiencies
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Elena A. Latysheva, Anna Shcherbina, Tatiana V. Latysheva, Musa R. Khaitov, Daria Fomina, Natalya I. Ilyina, Evgeniya V. Nazarova, Irina Kondratenko, and Irina A. Manto
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Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Angioedema ,business.industry ,Context (language use) ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,medicine.disease_cause ,Vaccination ,Hereditary angioedema ,Pandemic ,Primary immunodeficiency ,Medicine ,Position paper ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Coronavirus - Abstract
Since the end of 2019, the whole world has been seized by the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV2 virus. To date, the infection has led to more than 4 million deaths worldwide, and to more than 140 thousand deaths in Russia. COVID-19 (abbreviation for COronaVIrus Disease 2019) is a potentially severe acute respiratory infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (2019-nCoV). Vaccination against COVID-19 plays a key role in stopping the pandemic. According to existing experience in infections prevention, mass vaccination will reduce the virus’s expansion and the risk of vaccine-resistant strains’ development. In the context of the COVID-19 the question of the feasibility and safety of vaccination of patients with Primary Immunodeficiency and Hereditary Angioedema arises. The Russian Association of Allergists and Clinical Immunologists and the National Association of Experts in Primary Immunodeficiencies have developed and approved a position paper on vaccination of patients with Primary Immunodeficiency and Hereditary Angioedema against COVID-19. This position paper provides answers to key questions regarding the vaccination of patients with these diseases.
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- 2021
15. EFFECT OF RECYCLING OF ELEMENTAL CHLORINE FREE BLEACHING EFFLUENT TREATED BY ELECTROCOAGULATION ON PAPER PROPERTIES
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Chhaya Sharma, Qaseem Haider, and Dushyant Kumar
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Chemistry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Organic Chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,medicine ,Elemental chlorine free ,Pulp and paper industry ,Effluent ,Electrocoagulation - Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effect of recycling elemental chlorine free (ECF) bleaching effluent (D0EpD1 and OD0EpD1) after treatment through electrocoagulation under optimum conditions on paper properties. The effect of pH, current density, time and dose of electrolyte on the reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color was studied. Maximum decrease in COD and color was found under optimum conditions (i.e., pH 7, treatment time of 30 min, current density of 29.16 mA/cm2, and 1 g/L NaCl). Under these optimum conditions, the reduction in COD and color was of 79.9% and 99.10%, respectively. The reduction in the strength properties of paper, caused by recycling, was found to be insignificant, but a decline of 2.11% for D0EpD1 and of 1.43% for OD0EpD1 in brightness was found. Using the electrocoagulation method to treat the bleaching effluent can prove to have valuable potential towards wastewater utilization, pollution control, and sustainable development of the industry.
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- 2021
16. Recommendations for photoprotection of parenteral nutrition for premature infants: An ASPEN position paper
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Austin Michalski, Liliia Gutsul, Phil Ayers, Gordon S. Sacks, Daniel T. Robinson, Barbara Fleming, Beverly Holcombe, and Kathleen M. Gura
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Parenteral Nutrition ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Infant, Premature, Diseases ,Health outcomes ,Patient safety ,Enteral Nutrition ,medicine ,Humans ,Child ,Intensive care medicine ,Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,business.industry ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,Retinopathy of prematurity ,medicine.disease ,United States ,Parenteral nutrition ,Bronchopulmonary dysplasia ,Photoprotection ,Necrotizing enterocolitis ,Position paper ,business ,Infant, Premature - Abstract
Although crucial in improving health outcomes in the preterm infants, parenteral nutrition (PN) is not without risk, especially if handled improperly. A growing body of evidence suggests that components of PN admixtures, including lipid injectable emulsions (ILEs), are susceptible to degradation, including oxidation when exposed to light (ie, photo-oxidation), resulting in the production of reactive oxygen species. Infants, especially those born preterm, are considered more susceptible to consequences of oxidative stress than children and adults. Oxidative stress is associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity, necrotizing enterocolitis, and intestinal failure-associated liver disease. The American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) assembled a working group to provide recommendations on clinical practice surrounding photoprotection of PN.This Position Paper reviews the scientific literature on the formation of quantifiable peroxides and other degradation products when PN admixtures and ILEs are exposed to light and reports adverse clinical outcomes in premature infants exposed to PN. Recommendations for photoprotection of PN admixtures and ILEs are provided, as well as the challenges in achieving complete photoprotection with the equipment, supplies, and materials currently available in the US. ASPEN and the authors understand that the full implementation of complete photoprotection may not currently be feasible given current product availability; recommendations provided in this paper serve to represent the goal to which to strive as well as to highlight the importance of product availability to achieve these practices. This paper has been approved by the ASPEN Board of Directors.
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- 2021
17. Hypersensitivity reactions to chemotherapy: an EAACI Position Paper
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Patrizia Bonadonna, Emilio Alvarez-Cuesta, Adile Berna Dursun, Soledad Sanchez Sanchez, Mariana Castells, Josefina Cernadas, Mauro Pagani, Hamadi Sahar, Anca M. Chiriac, Ricardo Madrigal-Burgaleta, and Sevim Bavbek
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Drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,media_common.quotation_subject ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Immunology ,Provocation test ,Drug allergy ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Disease ,Drug Hypersensitivity ,Neoplasms ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,Intensive care medicine ,Anaphylaxis ,Skin Tests ,media_common ,Desensitization (medicine) ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Desensitization, Immunologic ,Position paper ,business - Abstract
Chemotherapeutic drugs have been widely used in the treatment of cancer disease for about 70 years. The development of new treatments has not hindered their use, and oncologists still prescribe them routinely, alone or in combination with other antineoplastic agents. However, all chemotherapeutic agents can induce hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs), with different incidences depending on the culprit drug. These reactions are the third leading cause of fatal drug-induced anaphylaxis in the United States. In Europe, deaths related to chemotherapy have also been reported. In particular, most reactions are caused by platinum compounds, taxanes, epipodophyllotoxins and asparaginase. Despite their prevalence and relevance, the ideal pathways for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of these reactions are still unclear, and practice remains considerably heterogeneous with vast differences from center to center. Thus, the European Network on Drug Allergy and Drug Allergy Interest Group of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology organized a task force to provide data and recommendations regarding the allergological work-up in this field of drug hypersensitivity reactions. This position paper aims to provide consensus on the investigation of HSRs to chemotherapeutic drugs and give practical recommendations for clinicians that treat these patients, such as oncologists, allergologists and internists. Key sections cover risk factors, pathogenesis, symptoms, the role of skin tests, in vitro tests, indications and contraindications of drug provocation tests and desensitization of neoplastic patients with allergic reactions to chemotherapeutic drugs. Statements, recommendations and unmet needs were discussed and proposed at the end of each section.
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- 2021
18. Peripheral blood RNA biomarkers for cardiovascular disease from bench to bedside: a position paper from the EU-CardioRNA COST action CA17129
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Stephanie Bezzina Wettinger, Maarten Vanhaverbeke, Costanza Emanueli, Johannes Grillari, Rosienne Farrugia, Monika Bartekova, Barbora Kalocayova, Soumaya Ben-Aicha, EU-CardioRNA Cost Action Ca, Markus Scholz, R. Attard, Yvan Devaux, Matthias Hackl, Fabio Martelli, David de Gonzalo-Calvo, Timo Brandenburger, and EU-CardioRNA COST Action (CA17129)
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Cardiovascular system -- Diseases ,Physiology ,business.industry ,RNA ,Genomics ,Disease ,Cardiovascular system -- Diseases -- Diagnosis ,Bioinformatics ,medicine.disease ,Transcriptome ,Physiology (medical) ,Heart failure ,Cardiovascular system -- Diseases -- Treatment ,Gene expression ,medicine ,Biomarker (medicine) ,Position paper ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
Despite significant advances in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, recent calls have emphasized the unmet need to improve precision-based approaches in cardiovascular disease. Although some studies provide preliminary evidence of the diagnostic and prognostic potential of circulating coding and non-coding RNAs, the complex RNA biology and lack of standardization have hampered the translation of these markers into clinical practice. In this position paper of the CardioRNA COST action CA17129, we provide recommendations to standardize the RNA development process in order to catalyse efforts to investigate novel RNAs for clinical use. We list the unmet clinical needs in cardiovascular disease, such as the identification of high-risk patients with ischaemic heart disease or heart failure who require more intensive therapies. The advantages and pitfalls of the different sample types, including RNAs from plasma, extracellular vesicles, and whole blood, are discussed in the sample matrix, together with their respective analytical methods. The effect of patient demographics and highly prevalent comorbidities, such as metabolic disorders, on the expression of the candidate RNA is presented and should be reported in biomarker studies. We discuss the statistical and regulatory aspects to translate a candidate RNA from a research use only assay to an in-vitro diagnostic test for clinical use. Optimal planning of this development track is required, with input from the researcher, statistician, industry, and regulatory partners., peer-reviewed
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- 2021
19. Vaccination of patients with allergic disease against novel coronavirus infection: position paper of the Russian Association of Allergology and Clinical Immunology
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O M Kurbacheva, N V Shartanova, Natalya I. Ilyina, Elena A. Latysheva, Musa R. Khaitov, Tatiana V. Latysheva, Evgeniya V. Nazarova, Natalia M. Nenasheva, and Elena S. Fedenko
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Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,Clinical immunology ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Disease ,medicine.disease_cause ,medicine.disease ,Virus ,Vaccination ,Pandemic ,Medicine ,Position paper ,business ,Coronavirus - Abstract
One of the key tasks of the previous year is to stop the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which became a pandemic that led to the deaths of more than 4 million people worldwide and more than 140 thousand deaths in Russia. COVID-19 is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (2019-nCoV) virus of the coronavirus family. Vaccination plays a leading role in ending the pandemic. Currently, five vaccines against COVID-19 have been registered in Russia, namely, Sputnik V, Sputnik light, EpiVacCorona, EpiVacCorona-Н, and СoviVak. The short follow-up period and absence of randomized placebo-controlled trials of COVID-19 vaccines in certain patients with chronic diseases lead to several questions about the effectiveness/safety of vaccination in these patients. Given the wide spread of allergic diseases and the heterogeneity of patients with allergopathology, experts of the Russian Association of Allergology and Clinical Immunology have developed and approved a position paper on vaccination of patients with allergopathology.
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- 2021
20. Paper and thread as media for the frugal detection of urinary tract infections (UTIs)
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Hardik Ramesh Singhal, Amrutha Hasandka, Ankita Ramchandran Singh, Naresh Kumar Mani, M. S. Giri Nandagopal, and Anusha Prabhu
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Burden of disease ,Paper ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Thread (network protocol) ,Microfluidics ,Review ,Biochemistry ,Analytical Chemistry ,Lab-On-A-Chip Devices ,Health care ,medicine ,Humans ,Intensive care medicine ,Cellulose ,Menstrual Hygiene Products ,Urinary tract infection ,Modalities ,Bacteria ,business.industry ,Public health ,Fungi ,Electrochemical Techniques ,Thread ,Culture Media ,Detection ,Urinary Tract Infections ,Colorimetry ,business - Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) make up a significant proportion of the global burden of disease in vulnerable groups and tend to substantially impair the quality of life of those affected, making timely detection of UTIs a priority for public health. However, economic and societal barriers drastically reduce accessibility of traditional lab-based testing methods for critical patient groups in low-resource areas, negatively affecting their overall healthcare outcomes. As a result, cellulose-based materials such as paper and thread have garnered significant interest among researchers as substrates for so-called frugal analytical devices which leverage the material’s portability and adaptability for facile and reproducible diagnoses of UTIs. Although the field may be only in its infancy, strategies aimed at commercial penetration can appreciably increase access to more healthcare options for at-risk people. In this review, we catalogue recent advances in devices that use cellulose-based materials as the primary housing or medium for UTI detection and chart out trends in the field. We also explore different modalities employed for detection, with particular emphasis on their ability to be ported onto discreet casings such as sanitary products. Graphical abstract
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- 2021
21. Oral corticosteroids stewardship for asthma in adults and adolescents: A position paper from the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand
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John Gornall, Laurence Ruane, Li Ping Chung, Anne E Holland, Helen K. Reddel, Philip G. Bardin, Sinthia Bosnic-Anticevich, Trudy Hopkins, Christopher Barton, Mark Hew, Vanessa M. McDonald, Peter G. Gibson, Lata Jayaram, John Blakey, John W. Upham, and John Harrington
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Adult ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Harm reduction ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Administration, Oral ,medicine.disease ,Asthma ,Harm ,Adrenal Cortex Hormones ,Chronic Disease ,medicine ,Humans ,Position paper ,Smoking cessation ,Anti-Asthmatic Agents ,Stewardship ,Medical prescription ,Intensive care medicine ,business ,Adverse effect ,New Zealand - Abstract
Oral corticosteroids (OCS) are frequently used for asthma treatment. This medication is highly effective for both acute and chronic diseases, but evidence indicates that indiscriminate OCS use is common, posing a risk of serious side effects and irreversible harm. There is now an urgent need to introduce OCS stewardship approaches, akin to successful initiatives that optimized appropriate antibiotic usage. The aim of this TSANZ (Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand) position paper is to review current knowledge pertaining to OCS use in asthma and then delineate principles of OCS stewardship. Recent evidence indicates overuse and over-reliance on OCS for asthma and that doses >1000 mg prednisolone-equivalent cumulatively are likely to have serious side effects and adverse outcomes. Patient perspectives emphasize the detrimental impacts of OCS-related side effects such as weight gain, insomnia, mood disturbances and skin changes. Improvements in asthma control and prevention of exacerbations can be achieved by improved inhaler technique, adherence to therapy, asthma education, smoking cessation, multidisciplinary review, optimized medications and other strategies. Recently, add-on therapies including novel biological agents and macrolide antibiotics have demonstrated reductions in OCS requirements. Harm reduction may also be achieved through identification and mitigation of predictable adverse effects. OCS stewardship should entail greater awareness of appropriate indications for OCS prescription, risk–benefits of OCS medications, side effects, effective add-on therapies and multidisciplinary review. If implemented, OCS stewardship can ensure that clinicians and patients with asthma are aware that OCS should not be used lightly, while providing reassurance that asthma can be controlled in most people without frequent use of OCS.
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- 2021
22. Protocols for multi‐site trials using hyperpolarized 129 Xe MRI for imaging of ventilation, alveolar‐airspace size, and gas exchange: A position paper from the 129 Xe MRI clinical trials consortium
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Jonathan H. Rayment, Bastiaan Driehuys, Chase S. Hall, G. Wilson Miller, Zackary I. Cleveland, Sarah Svenningsen, Rachel L. Eddy, Jim M. Wild, John P. Mugler, Ho-Fung Chan, Peter Niedbalski, Mario Castro, Neil J. Stewart, Sean B. Fain, Giles E. Santyr, Brandon Zanette, Jason C. Woods, Guilhem Collier, Grace Parraga, Robert P. Thomen, Matthew M. Willmering, and Jaime F. Mata
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Image quality ,Multi site ,Clinical trial ,Lung structure ,Breathing ,Medicine ,Image acquisition ,Position paper ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Medical physics ,business ,Pulmonary disorders - Abstract
Hyperpolarized (HP) 129 Xe MRI uniquely images pulmonary ventilation, gas exchange, and terminal airway morphology rapidly and safely, providing novel information not possible using conventional imaging modalities or pulmonary function tests. As such, there is mounting interest in expanding the use of biomarkers derived from HP 129 Xe MRI as outcome measures in multi-site clinical trials across a range of pulmonary disorders. Until recently, HP 129 Xe MRI techniques have been developed largely independently at a limited number of academic centers, without harmonizing acquisition strategies. To promote uniformity and adoption of HP 129 Xe MRI more widely in translational research, multi-site trials, and ultimately clinical practice, this position paper from the 129 Xe MRI Clinical Trials Consortium (https://cpir.cchmc.org/XeMRICTC) recommends standard protocols to harmonize methods for image acquisition in HP 129 Xe MRI. Recommendations are described for the most common HP gas MRI techniques-calibration, ventilation, alveolar-airspace size, and gas exchange-across MRI scanner manufacturers most used for this application. Moreover, recommendations are described for 129 Xe dose volumes and breath-hold standardization to further foster consistency of imaging studies. The intention is that sites with HP 129 Xe MRI capabilities can readily implement these methods to obtain consistent high-quality images that provide regional insight into lung structure and function. While this document represents consensus at a snapshot in time, a roadmap for technical developments is provided that will further increase image quality and efficiency. These standardized dosing and imaging protocols will facilitate the wider adoption of HP 129 Xe MRI for multi-site pulmonary research.
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- 2021
23. Pulling-Force Spinning Top for Serum Separation Combined with Paper-Based Microfluidic Devices in COVID-19 ELISA Diagnosis
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Ji Qi, Anyuan Sun, Dan Zhao, Haopeng Fang, Baolong Wang, Jianping Weng, Fanwu Gong, Bofeng Li, Huan Ma, Qiangsheng Li, Lianxin Liu, Jinglong Han, Bowei Li, Tengchuan Jin, Hua-xing Wei, Liu Liu, Hongliang He, Cuichen Ma, and Xucai Zheng
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COVID-19 diagnosis ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Microfluidics ,anti-RBD antibody ,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ,Bioengineering ,Antibodies, Viral ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Article ,COVID-19 Testing ,Lab-On-A-Chip Devices ,serum separation ,medicine ,Humans ,Pull force ,microfluidic devices ,Instrumentation ,Spinning ,Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Human blood ,SARS-CoV-2 ,business.industry ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,COVID-19 ,Paper based ,Immunoassay ,business ,paper-based ELISA ,Biomedical engineering - Abstract
The spread of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), resulting in a global pandemic with around four million deaths. Although there are a variety of nucleic acid-based tests for detecting SARS-CoV-2, these methods have a relatively high cost and require expensive supporting equipment. To overcome these limitations and improve the efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis, we developed a microfluidic platform that collected serum by a pulling-force spinning top and paper-based microfluidic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for quantitative IgA/IgM/IgG measurements in an instrument-free way. We further validated the paper-based microfluidic ELISA analysis of SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific IgA/IgM/IgG antibodies from human blood samples as a good measurement with higher sensitivity compared with traditional IgM/IgG detection (99.7% vs 95.6%) for early illness onset patients. In conclusion, we provide an alternative solution for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 in a portable manner by this smart integration of pulling-force spinning top and paper-based microfluidic immunoassay.
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- 2021
24. Evaluation of filter paper to transport inactivated bacteria to detect carbapenem resistance genes by multiplex real-time PCR using high-resolution melting
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Priscila Lamb Wink, Maiara dos Santos Carneiro, Marina Niada Crispim, and Afonso Luis Barth
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Paper ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Bacteria ,Ethanol ,Filter paper ,Microorganism ,Biology ,Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ,biology.organism_classification ,Microbiology ,High Resolution Melt ,Specimen Handling ,Real-time polymerase chain reaction ,Medical microbiology ,Carbapenems ,Drug Resistance, Bacterial ,Media Technology ,medicine ,Food microbiology ,Multiplex ,Clinical Microbiology - Short Communication - Abstract
Infections caused by resistant microorganisms are a complex global public health challenge, and the way to combat the increase of resistance is the development of more modern and faster techniques for resistance detection. This study aimed to evaluate the transport of inactivated bacteria impregnated in a filter paper disk to detect carbapenem resistance genes by multiplex real-time PCR (qPCR) using high-resolution melting (HRM). A total of 88 isolates of 10 different species of Enterobacterales harboring well-characterized carbapenem resistance genes were evaluated. A full 10-µL loop of fresh growth of bacteria were impregnated in a filter paper disk, which was left at room temperature for 2 days in order to simulate the time spent in transportation. Bacterial inactivation was performed with 70% ethanol at 15 min. Afterwards, the DNA was extracted from the paper disks for further analysis by qPCR HRM. The time of 15 min in 70% ethanol was enough to inactivate all the isolates tested. It was possible to correctly identify the presence of the carbapenem resistance gene by HRM qPCR in 87 isolates (98.87%) that were transported in the filter paper disks. Our results indicated that it is possible to use filter paper to transport inactivated bacteria and to identify carbapenem resistance genes by qPCR HRM. This alternative tends to facilitate the access to this technology by many laboratories which do not have the qPCR equipment.
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- 2021
25. Examining guidelines and new evidence in oncology nutrition: a position paper on gaps and opportunities in multimodal approaches to improve patient care
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Carla M. Prado, Michael D. Bastasch, Shila M. Newman, Maureen Gardner, Chelsia Gillis, Anthony D. Sung, Martin Chasen, Suayib Yalcin, Abby C. Sauer, Suzanne Dixon, Refaat Hegazi, and Alessandro Laviano
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Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Nursing research ,Pain medicine ,Prehabilitation ,Disease ,medicine.disease ,Malnutrition ,Quality of life (healthcare) ,Multidisciplinary approach ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Position paper ,business - Abstract
Malnutrition, muscle loss, and cachexia are prevalent in cancer and remain key challenges in oncology today. These conditions are frequently underrecognized and undertreated and have devastating consequences for patients. Early nutrition screening/assessment and intervention are associated with improved patient outcomes. As a multifaceted disease, cancer requires multimodal care that integrates supportive interventions, specifically nutrition and exercise, to improve nutrient intake, muscle mass, physical functioning, quality of life, and treatment outcomes. An integrated team of healthcare providers that incorporates societies’ recommendations into clinical practice can help achieve the best possible outcomes. A multidisciplinary panel of experts in oncology, nutrition, exercise, and medicine participated in a 2-day virtual roundtable in October 2020 to discuss gaps and opportunities in oncology nutrition, alone and in combination with exercise, relative to current evidence and international societies’ recommendations. The panel recommended five principles to optimize clinical oncology practice: (1) position oncology nutrition at the center of multidisciplinary care; (2) partner with colleagues and administrators to integrate a nutrition care process into the multidisciplinary cancer care approach; (3) screen all patients for malnutrition risk at diagnosis and regularly throughout treatment; (4) combine exercise and nutrition interventions before (e.g., prehabilitation), during, and after treatment as oncology standard of care to optimize nutrition status and muscle mass; and (5) incorporate a patient-centered approach into multidisciplinary care.
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- 2021
26. Update on bone health: the International Menopause Society White Paper 2021
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Steven R. Goldstein and T. J. de Villiers
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Gerontology ,Population ageing ,business.industry ,Osteoporosis ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Bone health ,Menopause ,White paper ,Bone Density ,Intervention (counseling) ,Sarcopenia ,medicine ,Global health ,Humans ,business ,Aged - Abstract
Osteoporosis and associated fractures present a major challenge in improving global health outcomes. Key clinical aspects are the definition of osteoporosis and associated fractures, fracture risk prediction, stratification of risk of fracture, intervention thresholds and the most appropriate intervention based on integration of aforementioned. Correct understanding and application of these concepts are essential to stem the increasing tide of fragility fractures associated with an aging population. The role of muscle strength and function, sarcopenia, and the newly emerging concept of osteosarcopenia in maintaining bone health are discussed in detail.
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- 2021
27. All around suboptimal health — a joint position paper of the Suboptimal Health Study Consortium and European Association for Predictive, Preventive and Personalised Medicine
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Olga Golubnitschaja, Bo Li, Zhaohua Zhong, Youxin Wang, Yulu Zheng, Yuxiang Yan, Xiuhua Guo, Enoch Odame Anto, Haifeng Hou, Zheng Guo, Timothy Kang, Monique Garcia, Gehendra Mahara, Xuerui Tan, and Wei Wang
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Behavioural patterns ,Medical ethics ,Sleep medicine ,Artificial intelligence (AI) ,Drug Discovery ,Health care ,Periodontal health ,Body mass index (BMI) ,Individualised patient profile ,Risk assessment ,Big data management ,Dietary habits ,Glycan ,Cardiovascular disease ,Health policy ,Adolescence ,Mood disorders ,Cancers ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Suboptimal health status (SHS) ,Stress overload ,Communicable ,Multi-parametric analysis ,Neurologic diseases ,Omics ,Risk management tools ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,medicine ,Predictive preventive personalised medicine (PPPM/3PM) ,Modifiable preventable risks ,Non-communicable diseases ,Intensive care medicine ,Epidemics ,Health economy ,Pandemics ,Liquid biopsy ,business.industry ,Research ,Biochemistry (medical) ,COVID-19 ,Traditional medicine ,medicine.disease ,Lifestyle ,Multi-level diagnostics ,Position paper ,Eye disorder ,Microbiome ,business ,Natural substances - Abstract
First two decades of the twenty-first century are characterised by epidemics of non-communicable diseases such as many hundreds of millions of patients diagnosed with cardiovascular diseases and the type 2 diabetes mellitus, breast, lung, liver and prostate malignancies, neurological, sleep, mood and eye disorders, amongst others. Consequent socio-economic burden is tremendous. Unprecedented decrease in age of maladaptive individuals has been reported. The absolute majority of expanding non-communicable disorders carry a chronic character, over a couple of years progressing from reversible suboptimal health conditions to irreversible severe pathologies and cascading collateral complications. The time-frame between onset of SHS and clinical manifestation of associated disorders is the operational area for an application of reliable risk assessment tools and predictive diagnostics followed by the cost-effective targeted prevention and treatments tailored to the person.This article demonstrates advanced strategies in bio/medical sciences and healthcare focused on suboptimal health conditions in the frame-work of Predictive, Preventive and Personalised Medicine (3PM/PPPM). Potential benefits in healthcare systems and for society at large include but are not restricted to an improved life-quality of major populations and socio-economical groups, advanced professionalism of healthcare-givers and sustainable healthcare economy. Amongst others, following medical areas are proposed to strongly benefit from PPPM strategies applied to the identification and treatment of suboptimal health conditions:Stress overload associated pathologiesMale and female healthPlanned pregnanciesPeriodontal healthEye disordersInflammatory disorders, wound healing and pain management with associated complicationsMetabolic disorders and suboptimal body weightCardiovascular pathologiesCancersStroke, particularly of unknown aetiology and in young individualsSleep medicineSports medicineImproved individual outcomes under pandemic conditions such as COVID-19.
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- 2021
28. ESC working group on cardiac cellular electrophysiology position paper: relevance, opportunities, and limitations of experimental models for cardiac electrophysiology research
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Dierk Thomas, Milan Stengl, Dobromir Dobrev, Matteo E. Mangoni, Jordi Heijman, Carol Ann Remme, Larissa Fabritz, Katja E. Odening, Godfrey L. Smith, Cristina E. Molina, Leonardo Sacconi, A.M. Gomez, Antonio Zaza, Frank R. Heinzel, Cardiologie, RS: Carim - H01 Clinical atrial fibrillation, RS: Carim - H04 Arrhythmogenesis and cardiogenetics, Cardiology, ACS - Heart failure & arrhythmias, APH - Methodology, University of Bern, Odening, K, Gomez, A, Dobrev, D, Fabritz, L, Heinzel, F, Mangoni, M, Molina, C, Sacconi, L, Smith, G, Stengl, M, Thomas, D, Zaza, A, Remme, C, and Heijman, J
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0301 basic medicine ,TORSADE-DE-POINTES ,Cardiac electrophysiology ,Medizin ,Cardiomyopathy ,Arrhythmias ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,0302 clinical medicine ,BIO/09 - FISIOLOGIA ,Mechanisms ,Position paper ,Induced pluripotent stem cell ,LEFT-VENTRICULAR WALL ,SINOATRIAL NODE ,Atrial fibrillation ,Animal models ,3. Good health ,PRESERVED EJECTION FRACTION ,Ion channels ,cardiovascular system ,HEART-FAILURE ,Mechanism ,Ion channel ,Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Experimental models ,PLURIPOTENT STEM-CELLS ,Arrhythmia ,Myocarditis ,Cellular electrophysiology ,LONG-QT SYNDROME ,03 medical and health sciences ,[SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system ,Physiology (medical) ,SINUS NODE DYSFUNCTION ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Animal model ,Experimental model ,business.industry ,TRANSGENIC RABBIT MODEL ,Cardiac arrhythmia ,Models, Theoretical ,medicine.disease ,Electrophysiological Phenomena ,030104 developmental biology ,Heart failure ,ATRIAL-FIBRILLATION ,business ,Neuroscience - Abstract
Cardiac arrhythmias are a major cause of death and disability. A large number of experimental cell and animal models have been developed to study arrhythmogenic diseases. These models have provided important insights into the underlying arrhythmia mechanisms and translational options for their therapeutic management. This position paper from the ESC Working Group on Cardiac Cellular Electrophysiology provides an overview of (i) currently available in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo electrophysiological research methodologies, (ii) the most commonly used experimental (cellular and animal) models for cardiac arrhythmias including relevant species differences, (iii) the use of human cardiac tissue, induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived and in silico models to study cardiac arrhythmias, and (iv) the availability, relevance, limitations, and opportunities of these cellular and animal models to recapitulate specific acquired and inherited arrhythmogenic diseases, including atrial fibrillation, heart failure, cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, sinus node, and conduction disorders and channelopathies. By promoting a better understanding of these models and their limitations, this position paper aims to improve the quality of basic research in cardiac electrophysiology, with the ultimate goal to facilitate the clinical translation and application of basic electrophysiological research findings on arrhythmia mechanisms and therapies.
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- 2021
29. One Health: EAACI Position Paper on coronaviruses at the human‐animal interface, with a specific focus on comparative and zoonotic aspects of SARS‐CoV‐2
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Erika Jensen-Jarolim, Jozef Janda, Anna D. J. Korath, Isabella Pali-Schöll, Wojciech Feleszko, Milena Sokolowska, Eva Untersmayr, Ahmed Adel Seida, Katrin Hartmann, Ioana Agache, University of Zurich, and Pali‐Schöll, Isabella
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Eaaci Position Paper ,Immunology ,coronavirus ,610 Medicine & health ,Disease ,medicine.disease_cause ,Quality of life (healthcare) ,10183 Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research ,Environmental health ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,One Health ,Pandemics ,Coronavirus ,disease transmission ,(reverse) zoonosis ,2403 Immunology ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Transmission (medicine) ,COVID-19 ,Outbreak ,companion animals and pets ,Geography ,2723 Immunology and Allergy ,Quality of Life ,Position paper - Abstract
The latest outbreak of a coronavirus disease in 2019 (COVID‐19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), evolved into a worldwide pandemic with massive effects on health, quality of life, and economy. Given the short period of time since the outbreak, there are several knowledge gaps on the comparative and zoonotic aspects of this new virus. Within the One Health concept, the current EAACI position paper dwells into the current knowledge on SARS‐CoV‐2’s receptors, symptoms, transmission routes for human and animals living in close vicinity to each other, usefulness of animal models to study this disease and management options to avoid intra‐ and interspecies transmission. Similar pandemics might appear unexpectedly and more frequently in the near future due to climate change, consumption of exotic foods and drinks, globe‐trotter travel possibilities, the growing world population, the decreasing production space, declining room for wildlife and free‐ranging animals, and the changed lifestyle including living very close to animals. Therefore, both the society and the health authorities need to be aware and well prepared for similar future situations, and research needs to focus on prevention and fast development of treatment options (medications, vaccines).
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- 2021
30. Developing the subspecialty of cardio-nephrology: The time has come. A position paper from the coordinating committee from the Working Group for Cardiorenal Medicine of the Spanish Society of Nephrology
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Patricia de Sequera, Rafael Santamaria, Javier Díez, Alberto Ortiz, and Juan F. Navarro-González
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Nephrology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Enfermedad cardiovascular ,030232 urology & nephrology ,Psychological intervention ,Specialty ,Disease ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Subspecialty ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ,Enfermedad renal crónica ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,Cardio-nefrología ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Family medicine ,Medicina cardiorenal ,Position paper ,Professional association ,RC870-923 ,business ,Kidney disease - Abstract
Patients with the dual burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) experience unacceptably high rates of morbidity and mortality, which also entail unfavorable effects on healthcare systems. Currently, concerted efforts to identify, prevent and treat CVD in CKD patients are lacking at the institutional level, with emphasis still being placed on individual specialty views on this topic. The authors of this position paper endorse the need for a dedicated interdisciplinary team of subspecialists in cardio-nephrology that manages appropriate clinical interventions across the inpatient and outpatient settings. There is a critical need for training programs, guidelines and best clinical practice models, and research funding from nephrology, cardiology and other professional societies, to support the development of the subspecialty of cardio-nephrology. This position paper from the coordinating committee from the Working Group for Cardiorenal Medicine of the Spanish Society of Nephrology (S.E.N.) is intended to be the starting point to develop the subspecialty of cardio-nephrology within the S.E.N.. The implementation of the subspecialty in day-to-day nephrological practice will help to diagnose, treat, and prevent CVD in CKD patients in a precise, clinically effective, and health cost-favorable manner. Resumen: Los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) que presentan enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV) tienen índices de morbilidad y mortalidad inaceptablemente elevados, que impactan desfavorablemente sobre los sistemas de salud. En la actualidad, se requieren actuaciones multidisciplinares para identificar, prevenir y tratar la ECV en los pacientes con ERC, debiendo pues superarse la época de las actuaciones de las especialidades individuales. Los autores de este artículo respaldan la necesidad de un equipo interdisciplinar de subespecialistas en cardionefrología que gestione las intervenciones clínicas adecuadas en el entorno hospitalario y en el ambulatorio. Existe una gran necesidad de programas de formación, de guías y modelos de práctica clínica, y de fondos para la investigación en las sociedades de nefrología, cardiología y otras, para apoyar el desarrollo de la subespecialidad de cardio-nefrología. Este documento de opinión del comité coordinador del Grupo de Trabajo de Medicina Cardiorenal de la Sociedad Española de Nefrología (S.E.N.) pretende ser el inicio del desarrollo de la subespecialidad de Cardionefrología en el marco de la S.E.N. La implementación de la subespecialidad en la práctica nefrológica diaria contribuirá a diagnosticar, tratar y prevenir la ECV en los pacientes con ERC de una manera precisa, clínicamente efectiva y sanitariamente rentable.
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- 2021
31. Management of oral leukoplakia: a position paper of the Society of Oral Medicine, Chinese Stomatological Association
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Xiaobo Luo, Hongxia Dan, Xin Zeng, Lu Jiang, Yu Zhou, Weiyi Pan, and Qianming Chen
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China ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Path diagram ,Oral Medicine ,MEDLINE ,Delphi method ,Cochrane Library ,Pathology and Forensic Medicine ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Dentistry (miscellaneous) ,Grading (education) ,business.industry ,030206 dentistry ,Oral leukoplakia ,Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Family medicine ,Position paper ,Surgery ,Leukoplakia, Oral ,Oral Surgery ,business ,Oral medicine - Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to develop the first edition of a Chinese evidence-based position paper on the management of oral leukoplakia (OLK). Study Design The consultant group for drafting the position paper consisted of 31 oral medicine specialists and 2 evidence-based medicine specialists. English studies (searched in PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library) and Chinese studies (searched in China National Knowledge Infrastructure and WanFang) published before January 2018 were used. The quality of the study was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation grid, and the strength of the recommendations was determined based on the results of 3 rounds of voting among the consultant group members using the Delphi method. Results Twenty-two evidence-based guidelines for clinical management and monitoring of OLK were established in this position paper. A clinical path diagram for oral health practitioners was constructed based on the recommendations. Conclusion Current evidence suggests that management and monitoring of patients with OLK should be performed by experienced clinicians to control the lesion and for early detection of malignant transformation. However, all recommendations are based on evidence of low or extremely low quality and may require further modification as new evidence is produced.
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- 2021
32. INHERITANCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF CHINESE FOLK PAPER-CUT ART
- Author
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Xiaowen Cai
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Inheritance (object-oriented programming) ,History ,Paper cut ,medicine ,medicine.disease ,Genealogy - Abstract
Paper-cut is one of the oldest folk art of Chinese Han nationality. The author assesses the unique artistic form and value of Chinese folk paper-cut art based on a brief summarize of its history, unique artistic style, inheritance and development. It is hoped that the research of this paper may point out a clear direction for the inheritance of Chinese traditional literature and art, thereby developing modern folk paper-cut art with Chinese characteristics
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- 2021
33. 'Toilet Paper Panic': Uncertainty and Insecurity in Early 1970s Japan
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Eiko Maruko Siniawer
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Archeology ,History ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Museology ,medicine ,Panic ,Toilet paper ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Psychiatry - Abstract
When toilet paper disappeared from store shelves across Japan in November 1973, the housewives who searched their neighborhood markets and stood in long lines for the scarce packs were described as unwitting perpetrators of a “toilet paper panic.” The word “panic” evoked well-established notions of a social frenzy, irrational and overwrought. This article overturns a conception of panic laden with condescension and adopts, instead, a more empathetic approach to examining why a run on toilet paper and other daily necessities occurred in late 1973, and why it resonated so deeply across Japan as a “panic.” In the broader context of the early 1970s, the toilet paper scare and its characterization as a “panic” can be understood as responses to sweeping and multifaceted economic challenges that destabilized daily life and threatened to upend middle-class lifestyles. After more than fifteen years of high economic growth, that sense of middle-class comfort and security was shaken by shortages and inflation as well as mounting evidence of government ineptitude and corporate profiteering. Buffeted by insecurity and uncertainty, Japanese “middle-classness” as both an experience and an ideal had never seemed as vulnerable as it did in the early 1970s.
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- 2021
34. Ventilatory support at home for children: A joint position paper from the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand/Australasian Sleep Association
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Amanda Griffiths, Moya Vandeleur, Jacob Twiss, Jasneek Chawla, Andrew Tai, Andrew Wilson, Susan Wilson, Sadasivam Suresh, Karen A. Waters, Elizabeth A. Edwards, and Gillian M. Nixon
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Consensus ,business.industry ,Australia ,Expert consensus ,Home ventilation ,Family medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,Position paper ,Sleep (system call) ,Child ,Sleep ,business ,Association (psychology) ,New Zealand - Abstract
The goal of this position paper on ventilatory support at home for children is to provide expert consensus from Australia and New Zealand on optimal care for children requiring ventilatory support at home, both non-invasive and invasive. It was compiled by members of the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand (TSANZ) and the Australasian Sleep Association (ASA). This document provides recommendations to support the development of improved services for Australian and New Zealand children who require long-term ventilatory support. Issues relevant to providers of equipment and areas of research need are highlighted.
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- 2021
35. Animal exercise studies in cardiovascular research: Current knowledge and optimal design—A position paper of the Committee on Cardiac Rehabilitation, Chinese Medical Doctors’ Association
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Shenghui Lin, Junjie Xiao, Guifu Wu, Yuqin Shen, Yihua Bei, Zhiqing Fan, Lei Wang, Lin Che, Suixin Liu, Wei Gao, Jian Yang, Lan Guo, Xiao Lu, Qi Liang, Guolin Zhang, Wei Zhao, and Rongjing Ding
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medicine.medical_specialty ,China ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Cardiovascular health ,Cardiovascular research ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Disease ,Review ,Basic research ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Intensive care medicine ,Beneficial effects ,Exercise ,Rehabilitation ,Cardiac Rehabilitation ,business.industry ,Exercise models ,Cardiovascular disease ,Animal studies ,Exercise Therapy ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,GV557-1198.995 ,Sports medicine ,Position paper ,business ,RC1200-1245 ,Sports - Abstract
Highlights • Standard procedures and appropriate assessment of exercise are proposed for the commonly used animal models related to chronic exercise (e.g., treadmill running, voluntary wheel running, swimming exercise, and resistance exercise) in cardiovascular research. • Optimal design of animal exercise studies in cardiovascular research should consider the choice of exercise models, control of exercise protocols, exercise at different stages of disease, and other factors, such as age, sex, and genetic background. • An optimal design for studying exercise-induced physiological cardiac growth and its related beneficial effects against cardiovascular diseases is presented., Growing evidence has demonstrated exercise as an effective way to promote cardiovascular health and protect against cardiovascular diseases However, the underlying mechanisms of the beneficial effects of exercise have yet to be elucidated. Animal exercise studies are widely used to investigate the key mechanisms of exercise-induced cardiovascular protection. However, standardized procedures and well-established evaluation indicators for animal exercise models are needed to guide researchers in carrying out effective, high-quality animal studies using exercise to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases. In our review, we present the commonly used animal exercise models in cardiovascular research and propose a set of standard procedures for exercise training, emphasizing the appropriate measurements and analysis in these chronic exercise models. We also provide recommendations for optimal design of animal exercise studies in cardiovascular research, including the choice of exercise models, control of exercise protocols, exercise at different stages of disease, and other considerations, such as age, sex, and genetic background. We hope that this position paper will promote basic research on exercise-induced cardiovascular protection and pave the way for successful translation of exercise studies from bench to bedside in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases., Graphical abstract Image, graphical abstract
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- 2021
36. ANMCO POSITION PAPER: Role of intra-aortic balloon pump in patients with acute advanced heart failure and cardiogenic shock
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Roberta Rossini, Cesare Baldi, Massimo Imazio, Manlio Cipriani, Rossella Gilardi, Domenico Gabrielli, Nicola Gasparetto, Carlotta Sorini Dini, Fortunato Scotto di Uccio, Furio Colivicchi, Tullio Usmiani, Daniela Chiappetta, Alberto Somaschini, Marco Ferlini, Paolo Trambaiolo, Loris Roncon, Serafina Valente, Michele Massimo Gulizia, Simona Giubilato, Marco Marini, and Pasquale Caldarola
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Advanced heart failure ,Cardiogenic shock ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Articles ,Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping ,medicine.disease ,Intra-aortic balloon pump ,Mechanical Circulatory Support (MCS) ,Heart failure ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Cardiology ,Position paper ,AcademicSubjects/MED00200 ,In patient ,Myocardial infarction ,Balloon pump ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
The treatment of patients with advanced acute heart failure is still challenging. Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) has widely been used in the management of patients with cardiogenic shock. However, according to international guidelines, its routinary use in patients with cardiogenic shock is not recommended. This recommendation is derived from the results of the IABP-SHOCK II trial, which demonstrated that IABP does not reduce all-cause mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock. The present position paper, released by the Italian Association of Hospital Cardiologists, reviews the available data derived from clinical studies. It also provides practical recommendations for the optimal use of IABP in the treatment of cardiogenic shock and advanced acute heart failure.
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- 2021
37. ANMCO POSITION PAPER: Timing of coronary angiography in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes
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Manlio Cipriani, Giuseppina Maura Francese, Furio Colivicchi, Vincenzo Amodeo, Stefano Urbinati, Andrea Di Lenarda, Pasquale Caldarola, Michele Massimo Gulizia, Nadia Aspromonte, Massimo Imazio, Loris Roncon, Giuseppe Di Pasquale, Stefano Domenicucci, Domenico Gabrielli, Gianni Casella, Adriano Murrone, Leonardo De Luca, Serafina Valente, and Fortunato Scotto di Uccio
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Coronary angiography ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Articles ,Guideline ,medicine.disease ,Revascularization ,Risk profile ,Scientific evidence ,Revascularization timing ,Medicine ,ST segment ,Position paper ,AcademicSubjects/MED00200 ,Non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes ,Myocardial infarction ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Intensive care medicine ,Risk stratification - Abstract
The European Society of Cardiology guidelines on non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes suggest different temporal strategies for the angiographic study depending on the risk profile. The scientific evidence underlying the guideline recommendations and the critical issues currently existing in Italy, that often do not allow either an extended strategy of revascularization within 24 h or the application of the principle of the same day transfer from a spoke to a hub centre, are analysed. The position paper focuses, in particular, on the subgroup of patients with a defined diagnosis of non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction by proposing a timing of coronary angiography/revascularization that takes into account the available scientific evidence and the organizational possibilities of a considerable part of national cardiology services.
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- 2021
38. Home blood pressure monitoring: methodology, clinical relevance and practical application: a 2021 position paper by the Working Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring and Cardiovascular Variability of the European Society of Hypertension
- Author
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Paul Muntner, Anastasios Kollias, Paul L. Padfield, Jonathan Mant, George S. Stergiou, Juan Eugenio Ochoa, Richard J McManus, Martino F Pengo, Thomas Mengden, James E. Sharman, Satoshi Hoshide, Geoff Head, G. Mancia, Stefano Omboni, A. de la Sierra, Cristina Giannattasio, Anastasia S. Mihailidou, William B. White, Agustin J. Ramirez, Kazuomi Kario, Paolo Palatini, Angeliki Ntineri, Michael A. Weber, Ji-Guang Wang, Kei Asayama, Eoin O'Brien, Rajiv Agarwal, Y. Imai, R. Asmar, José A. Octavio, Nicolas Postel-Vinay, Martin G. Myers, Grzegorz Bilo, Jirar Topouchian, Efstathios Manios, Camilla Torlasco, Andrew Shennan, Gianfranco Parati, Egle Silva, Paul K. Whelton, Y. Li, Philippe Gosse, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Dario Pellegrini, Teemu J. Niiranen, Michel Burnier, Parati, G, Stergiou, G, Bilo, G, Kollias, A, Pengo, M, Ochoa, J, Agarwal, R, Asayama, K, Asmar, R, Burnier, M, De La Sierra, A, Giannattasio, C, Gosse, P, Head, G, Hoshide, S, Imai, Y, Kario, K, Li, Y, Manios, E, Mant, J, Mcmanus, R, Mengden, T, Mihailidou, A, Muntner, P, Myers, M, Niiranen, T, Ntineri, A, O'Brien, E, Octavio, J, Ohkubo, T, Omboni, S, Padfield, P, Palatini, P, Pellegrini, D, Postel-Vinay, N, Ramirez, A, Sharman, J, Shennan, A, Silva, E, Topouchian, J, Torlasco, C, Wang, J, Weber, M, Whelton, P, White, W, and Mancia, G
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cardiovascular risk ,CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,hypertension ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,blood pressure measurement ,Physiology ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,MEDLINE ,ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION ,TARGET-ORGAN DAMAGE ,Blood Pressure ,MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION/EUROPEAN SOCIETY ,cardiovascular disease ,SELF-MEASUREMENT ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,prevention and control ,Blood pressure monitoring ,Hypertension diagnosis ,Societies, Medical ,Science & Technology ,business.industry ,Blood Pressure Determination ,Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory ,medicine.disease ,WHITE-COAT HYPERTENSION ,home blood pressure monitoring ,PROGNOSTIC VALUE ,Blood pressure ,Peripheral Vascular Disease ,MEASURING DEVICES ,Hypertension ,Cardiovascular System & Cardiology ,Position paper ,Medical emergency ,FOLLOW-UP ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,OUTCOME-DRIVEN THRESHOLDS ,blood pressure monitorign, home, methodology - Abstract
The present paper provides an update of previous recommendations on Home Blood Pressure Monitoring from the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) Working Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring and Cardiovascular Variability sequentially published in years 2000, 2008 and 2010. This update has taken into account new evidence in this field, including a recent statement by the American Heart association, as well as technological developments, which have occurred over the past 20 years. The present document has been developed by the same ESH Working Group with inputs from an international team of experts, and has been endorsed by the ESH. ispartof: JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION vol:39 issue:9 pages:1742-1767 ispartof: location:Netherlands status: published
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- 2021
39. Alcohol-Related Liver Disease in the Covid-19 Era: Position Paper of the Italian Society on Alcohol (SIA)
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Pierluigi Allosio, Giovanni Addolorato, Fabio Caputo, Patrizia Balbinot, Davide Mioni, Doda Renzetti, Tiziana Fanucchi, Raffaella Rossin, Gianni Testino, Livia Maccio, Claudia Gandin, S. Arico, Michele Parisi, Maria Francesca Amendola, Aniello Baselice, Vincenzo Palmieri, Vito Campanile, Emanuele Scafato, Valentino Patussi, Mauro Bernardi, Giorgio Zoli, Cristina Meneguzzi, Teo Vignoli, Lisa Lungaro, Giovanni Greco, and Luigi C. Bottaro
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Telemedicine ,Physiology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Telehealth ,Alcohol use disorder ,Alcohol-related liver cirrhosis ,Alcohol-related liver disease ,ALD and SARS-CoV-2 ,Management of AUD ,SARS-CoV-2 infection ,Liver transplantation ,NO ,03 medical and health sciences ,Liver disease ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Humans ,Intensive care medicine ,Liver Diseases, Alcoholic ,Pandemics ,business.industry ,Gastroenterology ,COVID-19 ,Hepatology ,medicine.disease ,Alcoholism ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Communicable Disease Control ,Position paper ,Original Article ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,business - Abstract
Background Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), firstly reported in China last November 2019, became a global pandemic. It has been shown that periods of isolation may induce a spike in alcohol use disorder (AUD). In addition, alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is the most common consequence of excessive alcohol consumption worldwide. Moreover, liver impairment has also been reported as a common manifestation of COVID-19. Aims The aim of our position paper was to consider some critical issues regarding the management of ALD in patients with AUD in the era of COVID-19. Methods A panel of experts of the Italian Society of Alcohology (SIA) met via “conference calls” during the lockdown period to draft the SIA’s criteria for the management of ALD in patients with COVID-19 as follows: (a) liver injury in patients with ALD and COVID-19 infection; (b) toxicity to the liver of the drugs currently tested to treat COVID-19 and the pharmacological interaction between medications used to treat AUD and to treat COVID-19; (c) reorganization of the management of compensated and decompensated ALD and liver transplantation in the COVID-19 era. Results and Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic has rapidly carried us toward a new governance scenario of AUD and ALD which necessarily requires an in-depth review of the management of these diseases with a new safe approach (management of out-patients and in-patients following new rules of safety, telemedicine, telehealth, call meetings with clinicians, nurses, patients, and caregivers) without losing the therapeutic efficacy of multidisciplinary treatment.
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- 2021
40. Best‐practices for preventing skin injury beneath personal protective equipment during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A position paper from the National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel
- Author
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Barbara Delmore, Sharon Eve Sonenblum, Joyce Pittman, Nancy Munoz, Ann Marie Nie, Jill Cox, William V. Padula, Lee Ruotsi, Virginia Capasso, Joyce Black, David M. Brienza, Ann N. Tescher, Sarah Holden-Mount, and Janet Cuddigan
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,integumentary system ,030504 nursing ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Discursive Paper ,Skin Injury ,business.industry ,Best practice ,General Medicine ,Discursive Papers ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Personal hygiene ,Health care ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Position paper ,030212 general & internal medicine ,0305 other medical science ,business ,Intensive care medicine ,Personal protective equipment ,General Nursing - Abstract
COVID‐19 has infected millions of patients and impacted healthcare workers worldwide. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is a key component of protecting frontline clinicians against infection. The benefits of PPE far outweigh the risks, nonetheless, many clinicians are exhibiting skin injury caused by PPE worn incorrectly. These skin injuries, ranging from lesions to open wounds are concerning because they increase the susceptibility of viral infection and transmission to other individuals. Early into the COVID‐19 pandemic (April 2020), the U.S. National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel (NPIAP) developed a series of position statements to improve wear‐ability of PPE and protect healthcare professionals and their patients as safe from harm as possible under the circumstances. The NPIAP positions, which were formed by conducting a systematic review of what was known at the time, include: (1) Prepare skin before and after wearing PPE with skin sealants, barrier creams and moisturizers; (2) Frequent PPE offloading to relieve pressure and shear applied to skin; (3) treat visible skin injuries immediately caused by PPE to minimize future infection; (4) non‐porous dressings may provide additional skin protection, but lack evidence; (5) health systems should take care to educate clinicians about placement and personal hygiene related to handling PPE. Throughout all of these practices, handwashing remains a top priority to handle PPE. These NPIAP positions provided early guidance to reduce the risk of skin injury caused by PPE based on available research regarding PPE injuries, a cautious application of evidence‐based recommendations on prevention of device related pressure injuries in patients and the expert opinion of the NPIAP Board of Directors. Clinicians who adhere to these recommendations reduce the prospects of skin damage and long‐term effects (e.g. scarring). These simple steps to minimize the risk of skin injury and reduce the risk of coronavirus infection from PPE can help.
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- 2021
41. Antibody affinity as a driver of signal generation in a paper-based immunoassay for Ebola virus surveillance
- Author
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James B. Munro, Andrea C. Mora, Lara P. Murray, Charles R. Mace, and Ramesh Govindan
- Subjects
Paper analytical devices ,medicine.drug_class ,Microfluidics ,02 engineering and technology ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Monoclonal antibody ,Antibodies, Viral ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,Epitope ,Analytical Chemistry ,Serology ,Affinity Reagent ,Viral Envelope Proteins ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunoassays ,Diagnostics ,Immunoassay ,Ebola virus ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Equipment Design ,Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola ,Microfluidic Analytical Techniques ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Ebolavirus ,Virology ,0104 chemical sciences ,Ectodomain ,Paper-based microfluidics ,Ebola ,biology.protein ,Antibody ,0210 nano-technology ,Research Paper - Abstract
Graphical abstract During epidemics, such as the frequent and devastating Ebola virus outbreaks that have historically plagued regions of Africa, serological surveillance efforts are critical for viral containment and the development of effective antiviral therapeutics. Antibody serology can also be used retrospectively for population-level surveillance to provide a more complete estimate of total infections. Ebola surveillance efforts rely on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), which restrict testing to laboratories and are not adaptable for use in resource-limited settings. In this manuscript, we describe a paper-based immunoassay capable of detecting anti-Ebola IgG using Ebola virus envelope glycoprotein ectodomain (GP) as the affinity reagent. We evaluated seven monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against GP—KZ52, 13C6, 4G7, 2G4, c6D8, 13F6, and 4F3—to elucidate the impact of binding affinity and binding epitope on assay performance and, ultimately, result interpretation. We used biolayer interferometry to characterize the binding of each antibody to GP before assessing their performance in our paper-based device. Binding affinity (KD) and on rate (kon) were major factors influencing the sensitivity of the paper-based immunoassay. mAbs with the best KD (3–25 nM) exhibited the lowest limits of detection (ca. μg mL−1), while mAbs with KD > 25 nM were undetectable in our device. Additionally, and most surprisingly, we determined that observed signals in paper devices were directly proportional to kon. These results highlight the importance of ensuring that the quality of recognition reagents is sufficient to support desired assay performance and suggest that the strength of an individual’s immune response can impact the interpretation of assay results. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00216-021-03317-4.
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- 2021
42. Simulation Centers and Simulation-Based Education during the Time of COVID 19: A Multi-Center Best Practice Position Paper by the World Academic Council of Emergency Medicine
- Author
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Veronica Tucci, Brad Peckler, Lorraine Mendez, Lisa Moreno, Willy Darmawan, Fatimah Lateef, Madhavi Suppiah, Too Xin Yi, Sagar Galwankar, Alfredo Tirado, and Shruti Chandra
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Norm (philosophy) ,business.industry ,Medical simulation ,Best practice ,“TraceTogether” ,lcsh:Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid ,social distancing ,lcsh:RC86-88.9 ,Decentralization ,simulation-based learning ,simulation centers ,Resilience (organizational) ,Work (electrical) ,computer-based simulation ,Emergency medicine ,Emergency Medicine ,medicine ,Virtual learning environment ,Position paper ,Position Paper ,business ,COVID 19 - Abstract
COVID 19 struck us all like a bolt of lightning and for the past 10 months, it has tested our resilience, agility, creativity, and adaptability in all aspects of our lives and work. Simulation centers and simulation-based educational programs have not been spared. Rather than wait for the pandemic to be over before commencing operations and training, we have been actively looking at programs, reviewing alternative methods such as e-learning, use of virtual learning platforms, decentralization of training using in situ simulation (ISS) modeling, partnerships with relevant clinical departments, cross-training of staff to attain useful secondary skills, and many other alternatives and substitutes. It has been an eye-opening journey as we maximize our staff's talent and potential in new adoptions and stretching our goals beyond what we deemed was possible. This paper shares perspectives from simulation centers; The SingHealth Duke NUS Institute of Medical Simulation which is integrated with an Academic Medical Center in Singapore, The Robert and Dorothy Rector Clinical Skills and Simulation Center, which is integrated with Thomas Jefferson University, Oakhill Emergency Department, Florida State University Emergency Medicine Program, Florida, USA and The Wellington Regional Simulation and skills center. It describes the experiences from the time when COVID 19 first struck countries around the world to the current state whereby the simulation centers have stWWarting functioning in their “new norm.” These centers were representative examples of those in countries which had extremely heavy (USA), moderate (Singapore) as well as light (New Zealand) load of COVID 19 cases in the nation. Whichever categories these centers were in, they all faced disruption and had to make the necessary adjustments, aligning with national policies and advisories. As there is no existing tried and tested model for the running of a simulation center during an infectious disease pandemic, this can serve as a landmark reference paper, as we continue to fine-tune and prepare for the next new, emerging infectious disease or crisis.
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- 2021
43. Overview of virus and cancer relationships. Position paper
- Author
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O Fernández-Capetillo, D Gracia, Joaquín Arribas, M Martín Jiménez, Rafael Bañares, M B Barragán, J.M. Eiros Bouza, J Tovar, Emilio Bouza, Luis Paz-Ares, A Torné, E Valencia, L Alemany, P Muñoz, Esteban Palomo, E Felip, J Bautista Mollar, and Rogelio López-Vélez
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,HPV ,Oncolytic virus ,viruses ,Review ,Cancer mortality ,Hepatitis C. HBV ,Virus ,Tumours ,EBV ,Neoplasms ,Tumor Virus ,Humans ,Medicine ,Papillomaviridae ,HHV-8 ,Tropism ,Cancer ,Pharmacology ,Vaccines ,business.industry ,Human Papillomavirus ,HIV ,virus diseases ,Oncogenes ,General Medicine ,Hepatitis B ,medicine.disease ,Virology ,Cancer-prevention ,Human T Lymphotropic Virus I ,Virus Diseases ,HTLV-1 ,Human Herpes Virus 8 ,HCV ,Etiology ,Position paper ,Oncogenic Viruses ,Cancer-economy ,business ,Epstein-Barr Virus ,Human Immunodeficiency Virus ,Biomedical sciences - Abstract
The role of certain viruses in the etiology of some tumors is today indisputable, but there is a lack, however, of annoverview of the relationship between viruses and cancer with amultidisciplinary approach. For this reason, the Health Sciences Foundation has convened a group of professionals from different areas of knowledge to discuss the relationship between viruses and cancer, and the present document is the result of these deliberations. Although viruses cause only 10-15% of cancers, advances in oncology research are largely due to the work done during the last century on tumor viruses. The clearest cancer-inducing viruses are: HPV, HBV, HCV, EBV and, depending on the geographical area, HHV-8, HTLV-1 and HIV. HPVs, for example, are considered to be the causative agents of cervical carcinomas and, more recently, of a proportion of other cancers. Among the Herpes viruses, the association with the development of neoplasms is well established for EBV and HHV-8. Viruses can also be therapeutic agents in certain neoplasms and, thus, some oncolytic viruses with selective tropism for tumor cells have been approved for clinical use in humans. It is estimated that the prophylaxis or treatment of viral infections could prevent at least 1.5 million cancer deaths per year.
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- 2021
44. North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Position Paper on the Diagnosis and Management of Pediatric Acute Liver Failure
- Author
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Vania Kasper, Mercedes Martinez, Robert H. Squires, Samar H. Ibrahim, James E. Squires, Mohit Kehar, and Estella M. Alonso
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Gastroenterology ,Liver failure ,MEDLINE ,Liver transplantation ,Hepatology ,Clinical decision support system ,Internal medicine ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Etiology ,Medicine ,Position paper ,business ,Intensive care medicine ,Pediatric gastroenterology - Abstract
Pediatric acute liver failure (PALF) is a rare, rapidly progressive clinical syndrome with significant morbidity and mortality. The phenotype of PALF manifests as abrupt onset liver dysfunction, which can be brought via disparate etiology. Management is reliant upon intensive clinical care and support, often provided by the collaborative efforts of hepatologists, critical care specialists, and liver transplant surgeons. The construction of an age-based diagnostic approach, the identification of a potential underlying cause, and the prompt implementation of appropriate therapy can be lifesaving; however, the dynamic and rapidly progressive nature of PALF also demands that diagnostic inquiries be paired with monitoring strategies for the recognition and treatment of common complications of PALF. Although liver transplantation can provide a potential life-saving therapeutic option, the ability to confidently determine the certainness that liver transplant is needed for an individual child has been hampered by a lack of adequately tested clinical decision support tools and accurate predictive models. Given the accelerated progress in understanding PALF, we will provide clinical guidance to pediatric gastroenterologists and other pediatric providers caring for children with PALF by presenting the most recent advances in diagnosis, management, pathophysiology, and associated outcomes.
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- 2021
45. How to Perform Intra-Operative Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound of the Brain—A WFUMB Position Paper
- Author
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M. Yashar S. Kalani, Alberto Martegani, Emilio Quaia, Francesco DiMeco, Christoph F. Dietrich, Min S. Park, Luigi Solbiati, Kathryn N. Kearns, Francesco Prada, Antonio G. Gennari, Ignazio G. Vetrano, Giovanni Mauri, and Luca Maria Sconfienza
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Brain tumors ,Central nervous system ,CEUS ,Contrast-enhanced ultrasound ,Intraoperative ultrasounds ,Neurosurgery ,Neurovascular diseases ,Brain Neoplasms ,Humans ,Intraoperative Period ,Ultrasonography ,Contrast Media ,Neurosurgical Procedures ,Intra operative ,Acoustics and Ultrasonics ,Biophysics ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Vascular supply ,Modality (human–computer interaction) ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,business.industry ,Ultrasound ,Neurovascular bundle ,Position paper ,Radiology ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Intra-operative ultrasound has become a relevant imaging modality in neurosurgical procedures. While B-mode, with its intrinsic limitations, is still considered the primary ultrasound modality, intra-operative contrast-enhanced ultrasound (ioCEUS) has more recently emerged as a powerful tool in neurosurgery. Though still not used on a large scale, ioCEUS has proven its utility in defining tumor boundaries, identifying lesion vascular supply and mapping neurovascular architecture. Here we propose a step-by-step procedure for performing ioCEUS analysis of the brain, highlighting its neurosurgical applications. Moreover, we provide practical advice on the use of ultrasound contrast agents and review technical ultrasound parameters influencing ioCEUS imaging.
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- 2021
46. ANMCO POSITION PAPER: Prognostic and therapeutic relevance of non-obstructive coronary atherosclerosis
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Francesco Orso, Serafina Valente, Adriano Murrone, Gabriele Grippo, Stefano Domenicucci, Stefania Angela Di Fusco, Giancarlo Casolo, Maurizio Giuseppe Abrignani, Marco Corda, Michele Massimo Gulizia, Giuseppe Di Tano, Domenico Gabrielli, Daniele Grosseto, Fortunato Scotto di Uccio, and Furio Colivicchi
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Cardiovascular risk factors ,Coronary Artery Disease ,Disease ,Coronary angiogram ,Non-obstructive CAD ,Coronary Angiography ,Coronary artery disease ,Risk Factors ,medicine ,Humans ,Relevance (law) ,AcademicSubjects/MED00200 ,Intensive care medicine ,Coronary atherosclerosis ,business.industry ,Articles ,Atherosclerosis ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,Coronary arteries ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Position paper ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
Atherosclerosis often affects the coronary arterial tree. Frequently the disease does not translate in significant narrowing of the vessels, thus determining only a non-obstructive disease. This condition that is described as non-obstructive coronary artery disease (NobsCAD) should be distinguished from the absence of disease (i.e. smooth coronary arteries) as it carries a specific prognostic value. The detection and reporting of NobsCAD should prompt preventive measures that can be individualized upon the degree of the underlying burden of disease. The accompanying clinical condition, the other cardiovascular risk factors present, and the description of the severity and extent of NobsCAD should provide the framework for an individualized treatment that should also consider the best available scientific evidence and guidelines. The description of NobsCAD represents important information to be collected whenever a coronary angiogram (both invasive and non-invasive) is performed. Treating the patient according to the presence and extent of NobsCAD offers prognostic benefits well beyond those offered by considering only the traditional cardiovascular risk factors. In order to reach this goal, NobsCAD should not be confused with the absence of coronary atherosclerosis or even ignored when detected as if it was a trivial information to provide.
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- 2021
47. WFUMB Position Paper—Incidental Findings, How to Manage: Spleen
- Author
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Simon Freeman, Christoph F. Dietrich, Corinna Trenker, Christian Jenssen, Elena Simona Ioanițescu, Christian Görg, Yi Dong, and Cosmin Caraiani
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Incidental Findings ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Acoustics and Ultrasonics ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,Biophysics ,Spleen ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Patient management ,Clinical Practice ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Histological diagnosis ,medicine ,Humans ,Position paper ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Radiology ,Medical ultrasound ,Splenic Diseases ,Ultrasonography - Abstract
The World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (WFUMB) is addressing the issue of incidental findings (IFs) with a series of publications entitled "Incidental Imaging Findings-The Role of Medical Ultrasound." IFs are less commonly encountered in the spleen than in many other abdominal organs but remain a frequent dilemma in clinical practice. A histological diagnosis is rarely necessary for patient management. Many IFs, such as secondary spleens and splenic cysts, are harmless and do not require any further investigation. The diagnosis of many other focal splenic lesions is, however, often problematic. The following overview is intended to illustrate a variety of incidentally detected spleen pathologies such as size variants, shape variants, secondary spleens, focal splenic lesions and splenic calcifications. It should aid the examiner in establishing the diagnosis. Moreover, it should help the ultrasound practitioner decide which pathologies need no further investigation, those requiring interval imaging and cases in which immediate further diagnostic procedures are required.
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- 2021
48. ANMCO POSITION PAPER: The reorganization of cardiology in times of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
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Stefano Urbinati, Nadia Aspromonte, Vincenzo Amodeo, Luigi Tavazzi, Michele Massimo Gulizia, Massimo Imazio, Giuseppe Di Pasquale, Pasquale Caldarola, Manlio Cipriani, Loris Roncon, Domenico Gabrielli, Fortunato Scotto di Uccio, Stefano Domenicucci, Adriano Murrone, Giuseppina Maura Francese, Andrea Di Lenarda, Furio Colivicchi, and Serafina Valente
- Subjects
Telemedicine ,National Health Service ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,business.industry ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Cardiology ,COVID-19 ,Articles ,Disease ,medicine.disease ,Phase (combat) ,Health care ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Position paper ,AcademicSubjects/MED00200 ,Medical emergency ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Organization - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic represents an unprecedented event that has brought deep changes in hospital facilities with reshaping of the health system organization, revealing inadequacies of current hospital and local health systems. When the COVID-19 emergency will end, further evaluation of the national health system, new organization of acute wards, and a further evolution of the entire health system will be needed to improve care during the chronic phase of disease. Therefore, new standards for healthcare personnel, more efficient organization of hospital facilities for patients with acute illnesses, improvement of technological approaches, and better integration between hospital and territorial services should be pursued. With experience derived from the COVID-19 pandemic,new models, paradigms, interventional approaches, values and priorities should be suggested and implemented.
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- 2021
49. Peritoneal Dialysis Guidelines 2019 Part 1 (Position paper of Japanese Society of Dialysis Therapy)
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Noritomo Itami, Kei Nishiyama, Yuichi Ishikawa, Yoshihiko Kanno, Hiroshi Hataya, Masaaki Nakayama, Yasuhiko Ito, Hidetomo Nakamoto, Akihiro C. Yamashita, Atsushi Ueda, Hidemichi Yuasa, Hitoshi Sugiyama, Hideki Kawanishi, Motoshi Hattori, Kenichiro Miura, Riku Hamada, Tadashi Tomo, Hiroyuki Terawaki, Munekazu Ryuzaki, Hideki Yokoi, Yoshie Kanazawa, Kazuhiko Tsuruya, Hyogo Nakakura, Minoru Ito, and Mizuya Fukasawa
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis ,Dialysis Therapy ,Urology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Optimal dialysis ,Peritoneal dialysis ,030232 urology & nephrology ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Peritonitis ,Nutritional management ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Peritoneal function ,Intensive care medicine ,Transplantation ,business.industry ,Icodextrin Solution ,Standard methods ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,Clinical Practice ,Systematic review ,Nephrology ,Position paper ,RC870-923 ,EPS ,business - Abstract
Approximately 10 years have passed since the Peritoneal Dialysis Guidelines were formulated in 2009. Much evidence has been reported during the succeeding years, which were not taken into consideration in the previous guidelines, e.g., the next peritoneal dialysis PD trial of encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) in Japan, the significance of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), the effects of icodextrin solution, new developments in peritoneal pathology, and a new international recommendation on a proposal for exit-site management. It is essential to incorporate these new developments into the new clinical practice guidelines. Meanwhile, the process of creating such guidelines has changed dramatically worldwide and differs from the process of creating what were “clinical practice guides.” For this revision, we not only conducted systematic reviews using global standard methods but also decided to adopt a two-part structure to create a reference tool, which could be used widely by the society’s members attending a variety of patients. Through a working group consensus, it was decided that Part 1 would present conventional descriptions and Part 2 would pose clinical questions (CQs) in a systematic review format. Thus, Part 1 vastly covers PD that would satisfy the requirements of the members of the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy (JSDT). This article is the duplicated publication from the Japanese version of the guidelines and has been reproduced with permission from the JSDT.
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- 2021
50. Multiple Sklerose Therapie Konsensus Gruppe (MSTKG): Positionspapier zur verlaufsmodifizierenden Therapie der Multiplen Sklerose 2021 (White Paper)
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Martin S. Weber, Stefan Bittner, Claudio Gobbi, Hayrettin Tumani, Renaud Du Pasquier, Fedor Heidenreich, Ralf A. Linker, Frank Weber, Michael Platten, Martin Stangel, Andrew T. Chan, Heinz Wiendl, Olaf Hoffmann, Thomas Berger, Christian Enzinger, die Multiple Sklerose Therapie Konsensus Gruppe, Elisabeth Fertl, Mathias Mäurer, Orhan Aktas, Uwe K. Zettl, Ralf Gold, Boris Kallmann, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Florian Deisenhammer, Fritz Leutmezer, Jan D. Lünemann, Volker Limmroth, Zoë R. Hunter, Klaus Gehring, Aiden Haghikia, Verena I. Leussink, Franziska Di Pauli, Martin Berghoff, Michael Guger, Luisa Klotz, Tobias Derfuss, Tjalf Ziemssen, Stephan Schmidt, Uta Meyding-Lamadé, Hans-Peter Hartung, Sven G. Meuth, Frauke Zipp, Karl Baum, Achim Gass, Peter Rieckmann, Adam Czaplinski, Norbert Goebels, and Andreas Lutterotti
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0301 basic medicine ,Central Nervous System ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Early therapeutic intervention ,Neurology ,Consensus ,Multiple Sclerosis ,Disease ,Guideline ,Behandlungsempfehlung ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Germany ,medicine ,Humans ,Intensive care medicine ,Leitlinie ,business.industry ,Multiple sclerosis ,Psychosomatic medicine ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Autoimmune-mediated disease ,Immuntherapie ,Europe ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,030104 developmental biology ,Position paper ,Konsensuspapiere ,Neurology (clinical) ,Neurosurgery ,Psychopharmacology ,Immunotherapy ,business ,Treatment recommendation ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Autoimmunerkrankung ,Frühe Therapieintervention - Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a complex, autoimmune-mediated disease of the central nervous system characterized by inflammatory demyelination and axonal/neuronal damage. The approval of various disease-modifying therapies and our increased understanding of disease mechanisms and evolution in recent years have significantly changed the prognosis and course of the disease. This update of the Multiple Sclerosis Therapy Consensus Group treatment recommendation focuses on the most important recommendations for disease-modifying therapies of multiple sclerosis in 2021. Our recommendations are based on current scientific evidence and apply to those medications approved in wide parts of Europe, particularly German-speaking countries (Germany, Austria, Switzerland).Die Multiple Sklerose ist eine komplexe, autoimmun vermittelte Erkrankung des zentralen Nervensystems, charakterisiert durch inflammatorische Demyelinisierung sowie axonalen/neuronalen Schaden. Die Zulassung verschiedener verlaufsmodifizierender Therapien und unser verbessertes Verständnis der Krankheitsmechanismen und -entwicklung in den letzten Jahren haben die Prognose und den Verlauf der Erkrankung deutlich verändert. Diese Aktualisierung der Behandlungsempfehlung der Multiple Sklerose Therapie Konsensus Gruppe konzentriert sich auf die wichtigsten Empfehlungen für verlaufsmodifizierende Therapien der Multiplen Sklerose im Jahr 2021. Unsere Empfehlungen basieren auf aktuellen wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnissen und gelten für diejenigen Medikamente, die in weiten Teilen Europas, insbesondere in den deutschsprachigen Ländern (Deutschland, Österreich, Schweiz), zugelassen sind.
- Published
- 2021
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