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本稿では、製紙業界の新市場開拓に向けたイノベーションの効果について寡占市場を前提に理論的に捉え、新市場の拡大が企業の生産性・効率性にどのように影響するのか、大王製紙を例にしてシミュレーション・データによる実証分析を試みた。その結果、新市場の開拓は、長期的に製紙企業の効率性を向上させる効果があり、大王製紙のケースでは、2050年時点の効率性は、好景気であった1990年の効率水準に並ぶことが明らかになった。, This paper takes a theoretical view of the effect of innovation on the development of new markets in the paper industry, assuming an oligopoly market, and attempts an empirical analysis of how the expansion of new markets affects the productivity and efficiency of companies, using Daio Paper as an example, through simulation data. The results showed that the development of new markets has the effect of improving the efficiency of paper companies over the long term, and in the case of Daio Paper Corporation, the efficiency in 2050 is on par with the efficiency level in 1990, when the economy was booming., 特集 経済制度と社会秩序の形成に関する理論実証分析, Special issue: Theoretical and empirical studies on the evolution of economic institutions and social order, 論説(Article)

Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC), due to its inherent nanometric scale and strength properties, can be considered as a good candidate to be used in papermaking. This work explored the possibility of using it in the production of fine paper as a wet-end component and for the paper coating. Filler-containing handsheet production was performed with and without the presence of common additives typically used in the furnish of office papers. It was found that, under optimized conditions, BNC mechanically treated by high-pressure homogenization could improve all the evaluated paper properties (mechanical, optical and structural) without impairing the filler retention. However, paper strength was improved only to a small extent (increase in the tensile index of 8% for a filler content of ca. 27.5%). On the other hand, when used at the paper surface, remarkable improvements in the gamut area of >25% in comparison to the base paper and of >40% in comparison to only-starch coated papers were achieved for a formulation having 50% BNC and 50% of carboxymethylcellulose. Overall, the present results highlight the possibility of using BNC as a paper component, particularly when applied at the paper substrate as a coating agent aiming at improving printing quality., Fundacão para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal is acknowledged by SFRH/BDE/108095/2015 grant and Strategic Research Centre Project (UIDB/00102/2020). This work was also carried out under the Project Inpactus - innovative products and technologies from eucalyptus, Project N.º 21874 funded by Portugal 2020 through European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) in the frame of COMPETE 2020 nº246/AXIS II/2017, info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

寿岳文章(1900-92)は，関西学院高等学部や京都帝国大学文学部選科で学び，英国詩人ウィリアム・ブレイクの研究やダンテ『神曲』の研究で知られる英文学者，書誌学者である。妻の静子も文筆家であり，夫妻は1933年に京都郊外の西向日町住宅地に居宅向日庵を新築し，そこへ転居する前後から夫妻協力して私版の書物の制作をはじめる。やがて向日庵を拠点としてはじめたのが，北海道を除く本州，四国，九州の和紙漉場調査であった。紙業調査は，寿岳がかねてより師事する言語学者新村出の勧めによるもので，帝国学士院の推薦により，有栖川宮記念学術奨励金を得て実現した。1937年10月から1940年3月までの間に，15回の旅行で96ヵ町村の漉場を実地に訪れている。調査計画の作成と実施には，民藝同人として親交のあった内閣統計局労働課長水谷良一の協力を得た。調査旅行の多くに妻静子が同行し，旅先の風景や紙漉村の描写は静子が，紙漉きに関する専門的な記述は文章が担当し，日々の調査記録が作成された。調査地では文章自ら写真をとり，紙を収集し持ち帰った。紙漉きの沿革や統計資料も集め，実地調査と併行して行われた文献調査の成果と合わせて，紙業調査資料としてまとめてファイルに整理された。漉場調査の成果については，寿岳は調査期間中からの早い段階から，既調査地について『工藝』や『和紙研究』などに論考を発表している。調査の集大成が，私版の向日庵本として制作した文章・静子共著『紙漉村旅日記』である。造本で評価が高いが，訪れた多くの紙漉場ごとに整理された調査項目に従い記述され，紙業調査資料に基づく統計なども含めた科学的な内容を持つ。寿岳はその著作で，化学材料を使い効率化を図る当時流行の改良漉を繰り返し批判する。紙を工藝の視点からみる寿岳は，まざりけない材料で古法を守り漉かれる紙を評価するが，産業としての製紙業とは開きがある。, Bunsho Jugaku (1900-92) is an English scholar and bibliographer known for his research on William Blake and Dante’s Divine Comedy. His wife Shizuko is also a writer. Based in their home, Koujitsu-an, the couple conducted a survey of washi mills in Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu. This research was realized with an academic scholarship at the recommendation of Izuru Shinmura, whom under Jugaku studied. From October 1937 to March 1940, Jugaku visited 96 towns and villages on 15 trips. Ryoichi Mizutani, Director of the Labor Division of the Cabinet Statistics Bureau, who was a fellow of Mingei, cooperated with the survey plan. In the survey, Shizuko recorded the scenery of her travels, and Jugaku recorded the professional papermaking process. Jugaku took pictures, collected papers, and brought them home. The culmination of their research is “Papermaking Village Travel Diary” by Jugaku Bunsho and Shizuko. It is highly regarded for its excellent binding. It has scientifically researched and described contents about papermaking at that time. Jugaku strongly criticizes the use of chemical materials to make paper more efficient. Jugaku, who sees paper as a craft, appreciates paper made by old methods using materials that cannot be mixed, but there is a gap between paper manufacturing as an industry and as a craft., 特集 : 近代京都と文化, Special Issue : Modern Kyoto Culture

WOS:000967659000009 The utilization of plant extraction products from Oeneanthe pimpinelloides (Apiaceae family) seeds were investigated in terms of their use as an insecticide control of packaging materials. The aim was to investigate their insecticidal effects against the flour beetle Tribolium castaneum. The Oeneanthe pimpinelloides seeds were extracted with methanol. By using the liquid-liquid extraction method, the hexane extract (II) was separated from the methanol extract (I) and hexane and methanol were evaporated. Then, the chemical composition of each sample was determined via gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The methanol extract predominantly contained tetrahydrofuran, 1-methoxy-2-propanol, 1-methoxy, 2-butoxyethanol, 1-phenylethanone, cyclohexene carboxylate derivative, (3-phenyl-2-propynylidene) cyclopropane, diphenyldiazene, and dihydroxypropyl ester components, while the hexane fraction contained nonane, 1-octanol, decane, undecane, tridecane, alkyl benzene, benzene sulfonic acid, benzoxazine, and hexadecanoic acid components, as well as some derivatives of them. Each fraction was dissolved in DMSO for impregnation on filter paper. The insecticide effects of the paper samples were determined against Tribolium castneum. According to the results, the mortality started after 3 d for each fraction. After 4 d, the hexane fraction indicated total mortality in comparison with the methanol fraction, which showed partial mortality (3/5).

Background Huntington’s disease is a complex neurodegenerative hereditary disease with symptoms in all domains of a person’s functioning. It begins after a healthy start in life and leads through the relentless progression over many years to complete care dependency and finally death. To date, the disease is incurable. The long progressive complex nature of the disease demands multiple disciplines for treatment and care of patient and family. These health care providers need inter- and multidisciplinary collaboration to persevere and be efficacious in this devastating disease trajectory. Discussion The position paper outlines current knowledge and experience alongside the experience and consensus of a recognised group of HD multidisciplinary experts. Additionally the patient’s voice is clear and calls for health care providers with a holistic view on patient and family. Building long-term trust is a cornerstone of the network around the patient. This paper describes a managed care network comprising all the needed professionals and services. In the health care system, the role of a central coordinator or case manager is of key importance but lacks an appropriate guideline. Other disciplines currently without guidelines are general practitioners, nurses, psychologists, and social workers. Guidelines for neurologists, psychiatrists, geneticists, occupational therapists, speech and language therapists, physiotherapists, dieticians, and dentists are being discussed. Apart from all these profession-specific guidelines, distinctive inter- and multidisciplinary collaboration requirements must be met. Conclusions and recommendations The complex nature of Huntington's disease demands multidisciplinary treatment and care endorsed by international regulations and the lay association. Available guidelines as reviewed in this paper should be used, made available by a central body, and updated every 3–5 years. Time needs to be invested in developing missing guidelines but the lack of this ‘proof’ should not prevent the ‘doing’ of good care.

From the end of the nineteenth century and one hundred years onward, home sewing was an important part of many women’s duties, but it was also a pleasure, something that existed parallel with the emerging mass-produced ready-to-wear industry. The paper patterns used for home dressmaking were often sold and distributed through women’s magazines. These pattern sections were both a kind of reader service and a conscious strategy to capture the female target group. This article, based on an analysis of three Swedish magazines, is the first in-depth survey of patterns for home sewing of women’s clothes in Sweden. The study shows how the magazines adapted to changes in society with increasingly easier patterns and ready-cut fabric for their readers. By highlighting women making their clothes in the home, this article contributes to an often-neglected area of women’s memory and fashion history.

In this study, it was aimed to increase the antimicrobial properties by combining chitosan and titanium nanoparticles. First, titanium nanoparticles were synthesized by sol-gel method and nanoparticles were modified with thiol groups. The chitosan has been modified with allyl glycidyl ether. Both obtained molecules were linked to each other by a thiol-ene click reaction. The chemical structure of the obtained chitosan modified titanium nanoparticles was elucidated by ATR-FTIR. Paper coating formulations were prepared by using the produced nanoparticles and hydroxy ethyl cellulose at different rates and applied on the base paper. Color, gloss, surface energy, contact angle, air permeability properties of the papers were determined by spectrophotometer, glossmeter, goniometer and L&W air permeability device, respectively. Screen prints were made on coated papers and their printability properties were examined. Antimicrobial properties of titanium nanoparticles, chitosan and chitosan modified titanium nanoparticles were determined against E. coli and S. aureus by disk diffusion method. As a result, it has been determined that both titanium and chitosan have antimicrobial properties against both bacterial species separately and the produced chitosan modified titanium nanoparticles increase this antimicrobial property more having a synergetic effect. It has been concluded that the produced antimicrobial papers have a high upside to be active packaging printing material.

Patient value in hospital care has become increasingly important over the last decade. This paper argues that patient value could be ameliorated by investing in patient agility. Patient agility constitutes the capabilities that enable hospitals to sense the health service needs of their patients and respond to the changing health service demands of these patients. This paper further posits that hospitals’ current sensing and responding capabilities are inherently reactive as they detect, act upon and pursue occurrences and patterns in the needs and demands of patients after these have already manifested themselves. Hence, we assert that this reactive nature thwarts hospitals in preventing negative trends or capitalizing on positive trends necessitating a shift to sensing and responding capabilities that are more predictive. We postulate that this necessary organizational shift can be facilitated by implementing and utilizing the power of predictive analytics and that this particular issue has not yet been adequately addressed by existing scientific literature. Based on this argument, an initial research proposal is established centering around the role of predictive analytics in fostering patient agility and patient value in hospitals. The initial research proposal sets out to examine this topic in an inclusive, integrated and comprehensive manner as it outlines a coherent conceptual model, incorporates a multi-stakeholder perspective and integrates biomedical as well as health service needs and demands. The initial proposal is meant to serve as a conceptual framework for future research as well as an initial point of departure for further refinement, improvement, elaboration, and discussion.

Businesses, which provide the production and mediation of goods and services needed by the society, are organizations that have goals such as growth, development, making profit, establishing a sustainable structure, and realizing social responsibility projects. It is important for businesses to have a financially strong structure in order to achieve their goals. In order to establish a sustainable financial structure, analyzes are carried out with various methods using the historical data of the enterprises and future decisions are taken with these analysis outputs. One of the financial sustainability measures for businesses is performance measurement. In many academic studies in the literature, it is observed that Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods are used for financial performance measurement. With MCDM methods, companies are compared financially within themselves, by years and with the sector. This study was carried out to measure the financial performance of businesses operating in the BIST Paper and Paper Products Printing Sector. As a sample, the data of 9 companies operating in the BIST Paper and Paper Products Printing Sector were used. The financial ratios of the enterprises for the years 2016-2021 were obtained and the analysis was carried out with COPRAS and MOORA, which are MCDM methods. Using two analysis methods provides the opportunity to evaluate financial performance rankings from different perspectives. As a result of the study, the financial performance rankings of 9 companies in the sector were evaluated according to both methods.

In the paper by Inna Ganschow, the camp experience in the Soviet Union as a result of forced conscription will be treated, specifically in its artistic processing: secretly written diaries and letters by Luxembourg Wehrmacht soldiers. Contemporary historical research today calls them ego documents – private, handwritten texts of a personal nature. The range of texts to be examined in the lecture ranges from the smuggled out notes and letters that their released comrades took with them to Luxembourg, through diaries, speeches and self-made dictionaries to poems, short stories and drawings, some of which were in the camp and some immediately after the return from Tambov and other camps in the Soviet Union. The focus is on the question of dealing with the thesis of the Auschwitz concentration camp survivor Viktor Frankl, psychiatrist and neurologist from Vienna, that the meaning of camp life - logotherapy - can have a self-healing effect and increase the self-healing powers, which increases the chances of survival.

研究ノート

本研究は日本の大学2 回生が初めて書く英語によるアカデミックペーパーにおいて、文献参照をどのように行っているかを分析したものである。分析には先行研究で提示された5種類の指標を用いた。その指標とはcitation category, integral/non-integral, reportingstructure, rhetorical functions, writer’s stance である。その結果、対象ペーパーの全体の傾向は、同じく学生のペーパーを対象とした類似研究とほぼ共通した特徴を示していることが分かった。また、ライティング経験がより高い対象を分析した先行研究とは、若干の相違点が認められた。

Paper, which is in fact a very complex cellulose-based product derived from different lignocellulosic resources, is usually regarded as a simple omnipresent commodity in our lives. Wood fibers derived from trees are the most employed sources for papermaking purposes. From an environmental protection perspective, and for their essential role in our life (they give us the life itself through their foliar system supporting the photosynthesis process), trees should not be extensively cut down and they should be used less and less for papermaking. Thus, employment of non-woody alternative sources for papermaking could be exploited more as an attractive and feasible option.

Programa de doctorat: Doctorat en Enginyeria Tèxtil i Paperera The different researching lines in the field of Preservation and Conservation of Cultural Heritage on Paper tend to evolve and join other scientific fields in order to comprehend and embrace all the problematics caused by the aging of paper and its nature. Almost every decision made to stabilize the biochemical deterioration of cellulose is strongly conditioned by factors related to the papermaking process of that specific paper. These factors may include the fiber’s origin, the beating, the cooking and bleaching treatments, the technology used in the papermaking, the additives included in the fiber’s solution and posterior surface treatments such as the sizing or the coating among others. The field of Paper Engineering is focused on the development of papermaking technologies through new products and treatments. Those, in addition to the many testing methods used in this field –measurement of paper physical and optical properties, such as tensile strength or brightness ISO-, may be extrapolated to the field of Paper Conservation, adding new criteria and information about how any treatment affects the treated heritage, opening a window for new products and treatments, more bio-compatible with the cellulose nature, allowing to reduce the using of strong chemics and other procedures that are harmful for the environment.

The main thing of Artificial intelligence (AI) is the consummation of natural dialogue between humans and machines. There are numerous IT companies have used the dialogue systems technology to establish various kinds of Virtual assistants grounded on their operations and areas for adding commerce between mortal and machine, similar as Microsoft’s Cortana, Apple’s Siri, Amazon Alexa, Google Assistant. Like Microsoft Cortana we've created our own virtual desktop assistant only for Government College Of Engineering Chandrapur (GCOEC) using python which is suitable to run on any windows operating systems. We use python as a programming language because it has a multitude of libraries which can be used to create Artificial Intelligence. Our version of desktop assistant is capable of recognizing voice and voice commands. Desktop Assistant are programs on digital device like PC that hear and respond to verbal commands. Example, a user can say, “Open GCOEC Website” and the assistant will answer with the sanctioned website of GCOEC. Desktop Assistants can change the way of life of the people in a different manner. Bias is starting to build up in the community as AI’s are getting smarter in their own way to interact with humans in an easy language. The Desktop Assistant is a program that can fete mortal voices and can respond via integrated voice system. This paper will define the working of Desktop assistant, their main problems and limitations. In this paper it's described that the system of creating a Desktop assistant without using pall services, which will allow the expansion of similar bias in the future

Artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized various industries, and its impact on the job market is significant. While AI has the potential to automate repetitive and time-consuming tasks, it also presents new job opportunities that require expertise in data analysis, software engineering, and machine learning. The paper provides an overview of the current state of the job market and the challenges it faces, and explains how AI is transforming the job market, including its impact on job creation and destruction, skill requirements, and wage distribution. The paper analyzes the job market trends from 2019 to 2023 based on the latest research and reports, and discusses the implications of AI for the workforce and policymakers. The paper concludes with some recommendations for future research and policy interventions. It discusses the benefits of AI, such as increased productivity, efficiency, and accuracy, and highlights the challenges that AI poses, including the displacement of certain jobs and the need for retraining workers. The review paper also discusses how AI is impacting workplace safety and health, including both the potential benefits and the new hazards that AI presents. Finally, the review paper explores the policies and regulations needed to ensure that AI is used ethically and responsibly in the job market. Overall, this review paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the impact of AI on the job market and its implications for workers, businesses, and society

Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) plays a crucial role in shaping our digital experiences, with professionals at the forefront of designing and developing interactive systems. This review paper examines the professional issues within HCI, aiming to identify key challenges, trends, and advancements in the field. Through an extensive analysis of existing literature, this paper explores various dimensions of professional issues in HCI, including ethical considerations, user-centered design practices, socio-cultural implications, legal aspects, and the impact of emerging technologies on HCI professionals. By synthesizing research findings and critical insights, this review highlights the importance of addressing these issues for the advancement of HCI. Furthermore, it presents a comprehensive overview of the current state of research, identifies gaps and limitations, and proposes future directions for research and practice in order to foster a more ethical, inclusive, and effective human-computer interaction domain. This review contributes to the understanding of professional challenges faced by HCI practitioners and provides a foundation for informed discussions and developments in this dynamic field.

Paper and garden waste is one of the types of waste that can be found in big cities in Indonesia, one of which is Depok City. Garbage collectors can recycle not all paper waste into new products. In addition, garden waste is also garbage, one of the wastes found produced every day from gardening activities. This study aimed to analyze the potential for reducing the use of paper and garden waste to be used as RDF in Depok City. This study analyzes the quality of RDF based on the parameters of water content, ash content, density, and calorific value resulting from the material substitution. The results were analyzed using the multicollinearity method and the Kepner-Tregoe Decision Analysis (KTDA). The results of the multicollinearity test show that the ash content and water content can reduce the calorific value of RDF mixed with paper and garden waste. The addition of garden waste composition can increase the calorific value. Based on the results of decision analysis using KTDA, it shows that the variation of the mixture of 75% paper waste and 25% wood waste has the largest points compared to other variations. Material Flow Analysis (MFA) utilization of this waste can reduce the generation of paper waste and garden waste by 3.5% and 12.3%, respectively.

The migration of photoinitiators (PIs): benzophenone (BP), ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate (EDAB), and 4-chlorobenzophenone (CBP), from polyethylene (PE)-coated paper to 4% (v/v) acetic acid and 10% (v/v) salt-simulated food solution was quantitatively analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The migration behavior of the three PIs was studied under three specific working conditions: conventional heating, microwave power, and random vibration level. The migration rate of the three PIs in acidic food simulants was ranked from BP > EDAB > CBP under the specific working conditions. The mobility of the three PIs increased with increasing temperature, microwave power, and random vibration acceleration in 4% (v/v) acetic acid by 10, 10, and 15%, respectively. The experimental migration data of three PIs in PE-coated paper under different temperatures and microwave powers were used to establish the Crank monolayer migration model according to Fick’s second law. The diffusion coefficient D increased with an increase in experimental conditions. According to the migration data under the condition of random vibration level, a mathematical model conforming to the Fick model was established, fitting the migration process. These results showed that conventional heating, microwave heating, and vibration could affect the food safety of PE-coated paper.

The use of templates and examples of papers separately is proven to be able to develop students' writing skills. The average degree of mastery that can be achieved is already in the good category. Using various learning facilities can be a solution to improve these achievements into a very good category. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of implementing templates and sample papers in developing students' writing skills in science courses. The pre-experimental research was conducted on elementary school teacher education study program students. Data on each student's scientific research paper writing skills were collected using the documentation method. This data was then analyzed descriptively. The descriptive analysis includes average and proportion measurements. Based on the results of data analysis, it was found that the average student's skills in writing papers were in a good category. Most students have very good (41.44%) and good (40.54%) categories of writing skills. 13 indicators have reached the very good category, one indicator is in a good category, and two indicators are in the sufficient category. The rests are one indicator still in the less category and four indicators in the less category. The conclusion that can be drawn from this research results is using examples and paper templates as effective learning facilities to improve students' writing skills.

The limited supply of wood as a raw material in various industries requires a better alternative material. Wasted-based composite engineering can be a solution to this problem. What's more, composite can be engineered according to needs, such as having the ability to reduce heat to maintain comfortable room temperature conditions. Therefore, in this research, a particle board reinforced by pineapple leaf fiber waste and HVS paper waste was developed to know the effect of the particle board reinforcement composition on reducing heat. In this research, a comparison of pineapple leaf fiber waste and HVS paper waste was used at 100%:0%; 70%:30%; 50%:50%; 30%:70%; and 0%:100% with resin adhesive. This particle board is made by mixing all the ingredients and then printing it into a mold and then carrying out the drying process. The test was carried out based on a temperature difference analysis. The most optimum particle board reinforcement composition to reduce heat is 100% pineapple leaf fiber waste : 0% HVS paper waste.

We develop a vision system for batch inspection by oven white paper model color by manufacturing a machine vision system for the oven manufacturing automation process. In the vision system, white paper object detection (spring), color clustering, and histogram extraction are performed. In addition, for the automated process of home appliances, we intend to develop an automatic mold combination detection algorithm that inspects the label position and direction (angle/coordinate) using deep learning.

This study addresses the barriers that hinder paper recycling and explores potential solutions to overcome these challenges. The barriers discussed include a lack of recycling infrastructure, inadequate education and outreach, cultural attitudes towards waste, and a lack of economic incentives. To address these barriers, governments and organizations can implement solutions such as expanding recycling infrastructure, improving education and outreach, addressing cultural attitudes through targeted messaging, and providing economic incentives. Successful implementations of these solutions in other locations or industries are also highlighted. The study emphasizes the importance of addressing these barriers to increase paper recycling rates and reduce the environmental and economic costs of low recycling rates.

Ning Gao,1,* Meng Li,2,* Weiming Wang,1 Lei Wang,3 Zhen Liu,4 Yufeng Guo1 1Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Gastroenterology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100020, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Zhen Liu, Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 1 Xiyuan Playground, Haidian District, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, Email doctorliuzhen@126.com Yufeng Guo, Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Guang’ an Men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 5 Beixiange St., Xicheng District, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, Email gamgyf@139.comBackground: In recent years, the incidence of herpes zoster has risen steeply, the exact pathogenesis of the acute pain and the transformation into postherpetic neuralgia are still obscure, and the absence of effective management remains a major therapeutic challenge. The purpose of this study was to perform a qualitative and quantitative bibliometric analysis of the 100 most cited papers on herpes zoster.Materials and methods: Related literature were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. Excel and VOSviewer software were applied to quantitatively analyze, and construct the bibliometric network charts.Results: The Top 100 most-cited papers published between 2000 and 2018 showed a fluctuating downward trend. The most studies were published in the year of 2000 (n = 12). The article entitled “A vaccine to prevent herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia in older adults” from Oxman MN, was the most-cited publication. The United States was the most contributing country, followed by the United Kingdom, and Italy. Finland occupied the highest citations per publication (CPP). The University of Colorado topped the list of institutions with the most publications with 18 articles and also had the most citations (average citations: 281.78 per article). Myron J Levin from the University of Colorado School of Medicine is the most published and most cited researcher overall, whereas Duke University’s John W Gnann tops the list in terms of average CPP.Conclusion: In terms of the quantity of T100 articles, researchers, and organizations, the US is the predominant country. The most T100 papers were published in the special journal Clinical Infectious Diseases. The most academic focus remain the remedies for postherpetic neuralgia and vaccine development for individualized groups.Keywords: herpes zoster, bibliometric study, top-cited, citation, VOSviewer

Foam-assisted web forming and chemical application technologies have great potential to improve manufacturing efficiency and product quality in the paper and nonwovens industries. In this study, the benefits of foam forming and foam-assisted application of chemicals were demonstrated in a pilot machine trial. Uniform high-bulk webs of unrefined bleached softwood kraft pulp (BSKP) and viscose fibers were manufactured by foam forming. It was shown that foam formed low-grammage and high-bulk viscose fiber webs can be strengthened by foam-assisted application of latex onto the wet web. Correspondingly, foam-assisted application of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and anionic polyacrylamide (A-PAM) improved the strength of the foam formed low-grammage and high-bulk BSKP web. Overall, the pilot machine results indicated that material cost savings could be achieved and a high-performance product could be manufactured with foam-based technologies.

Cellulose-based materials represent a renewable, biodegradable, and environmentally friendly alternative to plastic from fossil resources. Nanopaper is a strong and lightweight material formed from cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs). Paper and nanopaper have been considered as excellent alternatives to plastics for use in agriculture and for packaging applications. However, common for both paper and nanopaper is their hydrophilic character, and consequently, poor water-resistance properties. ORMOCER®s are a class of inorganic–organic polymers with excellent barrier and protective properties used for a range of coating applications. Here we present ORMOCER®-coated paper and nanopaper. The coated papers and nanopapers are characterized, both in terms of their morphology, hydrophobicity, and mechanical properties. We demonstrate that the pressure used during the pressing and drying of paper and nanopaper influence their tear and tensile—properties, and that the morphology of the coated nanopaper differs significantly from that of the coated paper. While the ORMOCER® was impregnated within the porous network of the paper, a well-defined two-layered morphology was obtained with the coated nanopaper. Further, the biodegradability of the nanopaper with and without coating was assessed. The degradation study demonstrated that both the pressure used during the pressing and drying of the nanopaper, and the composition of the ORMOCER®, influenced the rate of degradation. Taken together, ORMOCER®-coated paper and nanopaper are promising for the preparation of materials that are both water-resistant, renewable, and biodegradable.

Day by day world population is growing rapidly and a huge amount of people shifting to large cities and new places for work, education or job purpose, or a better life. That is why the housing demand is increasing and house renting becoming an elemental part of our society. As a result, I realized the importance of an online house renting website and come up with a decision to implement a such web application. In this paper rental website development is discussed. Through this website, tenants can rent properties and landlords can upload their property details for rent. This website will help users to give or take rent houses without dealing with flat brokers to finally reach an agreement that suits the interests of all parties. The packaging and shifting services facility will help users to shift valuable things safely to destinations. To implement, and testing of the proposed system, this application interface has been developed using HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Bootstrap, PHP, and MySQL database server that allows for making web pages interactive and responsive. This system was developed in such a manner so that it can provide a maximum user-friendly interface, and users can use it more efficiently.

Based on travel notes and reviews from the others opinions, this paper have made a word segmentation which describes the use of MERN technology in the project. This project also includes the scripting languages like HTML, CSS and JavaScript. With the help of HTML, we are building a website. Here, we are using Nav bar, tables and many more thing to look the website attractive. and with the help of CSS, It makes website cool and user-friendly. In CSS, we are using flex-box, grid and Bootstrap. And With the help of JavaScript, It will be show some alert message and more.

With time there is an advancement in technology, one technology that advances from generation to generation is mobile networks. There has been a huge evolution in mobile networks in the last few decades. As the data increases there is a need for a faster and higher bandwidth network to access that data. Fast mobile networks include low latency, more secure, and high-rate data transfer. In the last few decades, there has been a vast improvement. The network started from 1G followed by 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, and it is still going. In this review paper, an attempt has been made to show the difference and advancement between generations by considering various aspects like speed, access time, data transfer time, data rates, and we are also highlighting the challenges and necessities.

Weather forecasting is the use of science and technology to predict the condition of the weather for a given area. It is one of the most difficult issues the world over. This project aims to estimate the weather by utilizing predictive analysis. For this reason, analysis of various data mining procedures is needed before apply. This paper introduces a classifier approach for prediction of weather condition and shows how Naive Bayes and Chi square algorithm can be utilized for classification purpose. This system is a web application with effective graphical User Interface. User will login to the system utilizing his user ID and password. User will enter some information such as current outlook, temperature, humidity and wind condition. This system will take this parameter and predict weather after analyzing the input information with the information in database. Consequently, two basic functions to be specific classification (training) and prediction (testing) will be performed. The outcomes demonstrated that these data mining procedures can be sufficient for weather forecasting.

As the use of social media continues to grow, so does the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in social media platforms. This research paper examines the impact of AIML on social media, including both positive and negative effects. Through a review of literature and case studies, we find that AIML has improved customer service, personalized content and advertising, enhanced user experience, but also raised concerns about privacy and bias. Future research should focus on ethical considerations and potential limitations of AIML in social media.

Vulnerability assessment is a critical process in identifying and mitigating potential security risks in various systems. With the increasing complexity and diversity of modern technologies, traditional vulnerability assessment methods may not be sufficient to address emerging threats effectively. In recent years, new approaches have emerged that leverage advanced techniques, including machine learning and artificial intelligence, to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of vulnerability assessment. In this review paper, we explore the latest developments in vulnerability assessment and provide a comprehensive analysis of various new approaches. We discuss the advantages and limitations of these approaches and provide insights into their practical applications.

This paper aims to inquire for the sociodemographic structure of the Venezuelan occupied labour force and its differences in comparison to the national occupied labour force in the city of Bogotá, Colombia. To achieve this purpose, this research relies on data for the year 2021 from the Integrated Great Survey of Households (Gran Encuesta Integrada de Hogares - GEIH), a monthly socio demographic survey GEIH that captures information related to the main characteristics of the studied population. In this sense, comparisons in terms of educational levels, income, occupational status, family structure, gender and age groups were done in order to determine differences and common patterns. Finally, a hierarchical cluster analysis strategy was proposed to identify possible sociodemographic typologies of the Venezuelan labour force.

The article aims to determine the share of mechanical-biological installation of waste processing (MBP) in the levels of recycling and preparation for the reuse of paper, metals, plastics, and glass (PMPG) achieved by municipalities. Two MBP installations were taken for the analysis - with the highest and the lowest share of municipalities in the Podlaskie Voivodship (Poland), which reached the recycling level required in 2019. In order to determine the share of MBP installations in the level of recycling achieved by communes, the share of the mass of recycled PMPG waste segregated from mixed municipal waste was calculated: in the total mass of generated PMPG waste and in the total mass of recycled PMPG waste from the municipal waste stream. On the basis of the conducted analyses, it should be stated that the MBP installation may have an impact on the achievement by municipalities of the recycling level required by law.

The drainage system is more than a building saving venture, but of life and environment. Inadequacy of drainage system characterised every nook and cranny of major parts in Nigeria, including the Federal Capital Territory, though, it is more pronounced in slums, rural and suburban areas, which accommodate the larger populace. Lack/Inadequacy of drainage system has resulted into improper disposal of greywater, as drainage system is designed to convey waste water to safer place for proper disposal are not available. The consequence of this is seen in a stream of household greywater flow out of the house to the main street. The sight of pipe conveying greywater from bathroom and laundry is a common view in most part of Nigeria, especially in a suburban area, where there is a high dense population. Different severe environmental consequences have resulted from this act, which might be a threat to public health. Also, the practice can also act as a precursor to other ailments in the society. Therefore, there is a need to create awareness on the negative impact of indiscrimate discharge of waste water on the environment. Hence, this paper seeks to review the improper greywater discharge on the street and its possible environmental consequences.

Patients suffering from acute coronary syndrome (ACS) present a high risk of recurrence and new adverse cardiovascular events after hospital discharge. Elevated plasma LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels have been shown to be a causal factor for the development of coronary heart disease, and robust clinical evidence has documented that LDL-C levels decrease linearly correlates with a reduction in cardiovascular events. Recent studies have also demonstrated the safety and efficacy of an early and significant reduction in LDL-C levels in patients with ACS. In this position paper, Italian Association of Hospital Cardiologists proposes a decision algorithm on early adoption of lipid-lowering strategies at hospital discharge and short-term follow-up of patients with ACS, in the light of the multiple evidence generated in recent years on the treatment of hypercholesterolaemia and the available therapeutic options, considering current reimbursement criteria.

We consider a principal who periodically offers a fixed and costly nonmonetary reward to agents to incentivize them to invest effort over the long run. An agent’s output, as a function of his effort, is a priori uncertain and is worth a fixed per-unit value to the principal. The principal’s goal is to design an attractive reward policy that specifies how the rewards are to be given to an agent over time based on that agent’s past performance. This problem, which we denote by [Formula: see text], is motivated by practical examples from both academia (e.g., a reduced teaching load) and industry (e.g., “Supplier of the Year” awards). The following “limited-term” (LT) reward policy structure has been quite popular in practice. The principal evaluates each agent periodically; if an agent’s performance over a certain (limited) number of periods in the immediate past exceeds a predefined threshold, then the principal rewards him for a certain (limited) number of periods in the immediate future. When agents’ outputs are deterministic in their efforts, we show that there always exists an optimal policy that is an LT policy and also, obtain such a policy. When agents’ outputs are stochastic, we show that the class of LT policies may not contain any optimal policy of problem [Formula: see text] but is guaranteed to contain policies that are arbitrarily near optimal. Given any [Formula: see text], we show how to obtain an LT policy whose performance is within ϵ of that of an optimal policy. This guarantee depends crucially on the use of sufficiently long histories of the agents’ outputs. We also analyze LT policies with short histories and derive structural insights on the role played by (i) the length of the available history and (ii) the variability in the random variable governing an agent’s output. We show that the average performance of these policies is within 5% of the optimum, justifying their popularity in practice. We then introduce and analyze the class of “score-based” reward policies; we show that this class is guaranteed to contain an optimal policy and also, obtain such a policy. Finally, we analyze a generalization in which the principal has a limited number for rewards in any given period and show that the class of score-based policies, with modifications to accommodate the limited availability of the rewards, continues to contain an optimal solution for the principal. This paper was accepted by Jeannette Song, operations management. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4482 .

Extended risk stratification and optimal management of patients with a permanently increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) are becoming increasingly important. There are several clinical conditions where the risk of arrhythmic death is present albeit only transient. As an example, patients with depressed left ventricular function have a high risk of SCD that may be only transient if there will be a significant recovery of function. It is important to protect the patients while receiving and titrating to the optimal dose the recommended drugs that may lead to an improved left ventricular function. In several other conditions, a transient risk of SCD can be observed even if the left ventricular function is not compromised. Examples are patients with acute myocarditis, during the diagnostic work-up of some arrhythmic conditions or after extraction of infected catheters while eradicating the associated infection. In all these conditions, it is important to offer a protection to these patients. The wearable cardioverter defibrillator (WCD) is of particular importance as a temporary non-invasive technology for both arrhythmia monitoring and therapy in patients with increased risk of SCD. Previous studies have shown the WCD to be an effective and safe therapy for the prevention of SCD caused by ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation. The aim of this ANMCO position paper is to provide a recommendation for clinical utilization of the WCD in Italy, based upon current data and international guidelines. In this document, we will review the WCD functionality, indications, clinical evidence, and guideline recommendations. Finally, a recommendation for the utilization of the WCD in routine clinical practice will be presented, in order to provide physicians with a practical guidance for SCD risk stratification in patients who may benefit from this device.

In the growing therapeutic armamentarium for heart failure (HF) management, vericiguat represents an innovative therapeutic option. The biological target of this drug is different from that of other drugs for HF. Indeed, vericiguat does not inhibit neuro-hormonal systems overactivated in HF or sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 but stimulates the biological pathway of nitric oxide and cyclic guanosine monophosphate, which is impaired in patients with HF. Vericiguat has recently been approved by international and national regulatory authorities for the treatment of patients with HF and reduced ejection fraction who are symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy and have worsening HF. This ANMCO position paper summarises key aspects of vericiguat mechanism of action and provides a review of available clinical evidence. Furthermore, this document reports use indications based on international guideline recommendations and local regulatory authority approval at the time of writing.

In this work, the issue of applying water or a homogeneous aqueous suspension with a uniform size of (nano)particles (e.g., ink) to the surface of SBSK (southern bleached softwood kraft) paper with randomly arranged local hydrophobic treatment is investigated and then simulated. Based on the two investigated models, various simulation approaches were compared, an own simulation model was created, and its validity was subsequently demonstrated on the experiments performed.

In recent years, many projects have been developed to reduce the energy consumption of buildings, both from the point of view of energy efficiency and the integration of renewable energies. However, few projects are related to the problem of integrating DER in environments dominated by high-tech equipment, the so-called ”critical loads”: data centers, railroad stations, airports, and hospitals. The European Interreg Sudoe IMPROVEMENT project aim is to renovate existing public buildings where critical loads predominate, converting them into nearly zero-energy buildings (NZEB), and for this purpose, it integrates combined cooling, heat, and power (CCHP) microgrid with renewable and other distributed energy resources (DER) like hybrid energy storage systems (ESS). With still one year to go before the end of the project, the consortium partners present in this position paper the latest progress of their respective work packages to date. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

This column is intended to address the kinds of knotty problems and dilemmas with which many scholars grapple in studying health professions education. In this article, the authors address the question of why papers may be desk rejected (rejected without going out for formal peer review) and describe simple steps for authors to optimize their work so it gets past the desk reject stage. Submitted/Accepted version

This study looked at how using small or large pieces of Rice Husk Ash and Waste Paper Sludge Ash can affect how strong and how much the concrete shrinks when it dries. When Rice Husk Ash (RHA) and Waste Paper Sludge Ash (WPSA) were added to concrete, more water was needed. However, the mechanical properties of the concrete were similar or better than the concrete made with just Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). Finer RHA and WPSA gave the best improvements. Rice husk and waste paper ash made things shrink a lot because of tiny particles that cause it to happen. This research looked at using waste paper sludge ash instead of some of the cement in a kind of concrete called M20 mix. They tested different amounts of the ash (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%) to see how strong it made the concrete. They tested the strength of the concrete up to 28 days after it was made and compared it to normal concrete. Waste paper sludge can be used as fuel because it has a lot of heat energy. Afterwards, the remaining ash can be used to replace some of the cement.

We propose a unique form of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), paper DSSCs based on carbon-nanotube (CNT) composite papers, and the use of a gel electrolyte for the paper DSSC. In our previous study, we succeeded in developing the paper DSSC. However, its performance and lifetime were not sufficient. We considered that the problem was the use of liquid-type electrolyte. To improve the performance of the paper DSSC, a gel electrolyte was introduced to increase safety and durability. Here, a polymer gel electrolyte was synthesized using a copolymer of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as a matrix, mixed with iodine and potassium iodide. The resulting paper DSSC had a fill factor (FF, a performance indicator) of 0.248 and a conversion efficiency of 2.43 × 10−5% with an extended working time (lifetime) of more than 110 min. Further modifications were made to the metallic CNT composite paper and the gel electrolyte, resulting in an increased conversion efficiency of 2.02 × 10−3%. This study suggests the potential of gel electrolytes in enhancing the performance of paper DSSCs, providing new insights for their future applications.

The aim of this study is to propose a test method for the determination of the quality of transformer paper insulation. For this purpose, the oil/cellulose insulation systems were exposed to various accelerated aging tests. The results of the aging experiments of normal Kraft and thermally upgraded papers, two different types of transformer oil (mineral and natural ester), and copper are shown. Aging was carried out in various experiments at 150 °C, 160 °C, 170 °C, and 180 °C with dry (initial values ≤ 0.5%) and moistened cellulose insulation (initial values 3–3.5%). Following insulating oil and paper, degradation markers were measured: the degree of polymerization, tensile strength, furan derivates, methanol/ethanol, acidity, interfacial tension, and dissipation factor. It was found that the aging of cellulose insulation in cycles was 1.5–1.6 times faster in comparison to continuous aging, due to the more pronounced effect of hydrolytic mechanism in cyclic aging owing to the produced and absorbed water. Furthermore, it was observed that the high initial water content in cellulose increases the aging rate two to three times more than in the dry experimental setup. The proposed aging test in cycles can be used to achieve faster aging and to compare the quality of different insulating papers.

Today, legal regulations, along with social awareness, have made waste management a necessity. Depending on the type of waste, technological developments have enabled an increase in the number of approaches, e.g., reusing, recycling, and manufacturing of different products. In this study, low-density boards were produced using different proportions of office waste paper, wood chips, and chopped E-glass fiber. Waste paper and glass fiber formed the middle layer of the boards and wood chips comprised the surface layers. The density, water absorption, and thickness swelling properties of the boards were investigated. Among the mechanical properties, the modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, and internal bond strength were determined. The use of wastepaper led to a reduction in the modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity of the boards. An increase in the glass fiber ratio contributed positively to the water absorption and thickness swelling properties, whereas it directly led to decreases in the internal bond strength, and the modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity values. Nonetheless, the low-density boards were able to meet the minimum modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity specified in ANSI 208.1 standards, while only one variation met the IB requirements., U današnje je vrijeme zakonska regulativa, uz društvenu svijest, gospodarenje otpadom učinila nužnošću. Ovisno o vrsti otpada, tehnološki je razvoj omogućio povećanje broja pristupa gospodarenju otpadom, npr. pri ponovnoj uporabi, recikliranju i proizvodnji različitih proizvoda. Za ovo su istraživanje izrađene ploče niske gustoće s različitim udjelima otpadnoga uredskog papira, drvnog iverja i usitnjenih staklenih vlakana. Pritom su otpadni papir i usitnjena staklena vlakna iskorišteni za izradu središnjeg sloja, a drvno je iverje upotrijebljeno za vanjske slojeve ploča. Izrađene su ploče ispitane i utvrđena je njihova gustoća, moć upijanja vode i debljinsko bubrenje. Dodatno su određeni modul loma, modul elastičnosti i čvrstoća raslojavanja. Rezultati ispitivanja pokazali su da je uporaba otpadnog papira pridonijela smanjenju vrijednosti modula loma i modula elastičnosti. Istodobno je povećanje udjela usitnjenih staklenih vlakana imalo pozitivan učinak na vrijednosti upijanja vode i na debljinsko bubrenje, ali je izravno utjecalo i na smanjenje čvrstoće raslojavanja, modula loma i modula elastičnosti. Ipak, izrađene ploče niske gustoće zadovoljile su minimalne zahtjeve norme ANSI 208.1 glede modula loma i modula elastičnosti, a samo je jedna skupina eksperimentalno izrađenih ploča zadovoljila uvjete čvrstoće raslojavanja.

Purpose: The aim of this research work is to analyze and compare profitability performance of selected paper companies in India. Approach/Methodology/Design: An analytical study method is employed in this research work by relying on secondary data. In this research work 12 paper companies are selected as a sample based on their higher net sales and the study period are last10 financial years from 2012-13 to 2021-22. Ratio Analysis is used as an accounting tool in which six profitability ratios are employed. One-way ANOVA technique of parametric test is used as a statistical tool to identify the difference among sample means. Findings: The major finding of the research work indicates that in all the selected paper companies the profitability performance of shows fluctuating trend during the study period of 10 years. The overall performance was good and satisfactory in Satia Industries Ltd., JK paper Ltd., Seshasayee Paper and Board Ltd. and NR Agarwal Industries Ltd. and it was low and dissatisfactory in Orient Paper & Industries Ltd. and Astron Paper & Board Mill Ltd. for all the selected profitability ratio during the study period. The results of statistical test revealed that in gross profit ratio, operating profit ratio and return on assets ratio formulated null hypotheses are rejected and in net profit ratio, return on net worth ratio and return on capital employed ratio formulated null hypotheses are accepted. Originality/value: In this research work profitability analysis is carried out which is helpful to know the profitability performance of selected paper companies. The result would help investors to make right choice of investment in selected companies. It would also identify that how efficiently a business can generates profit and value for its shareholders from its sales or operations, shareholders' fund or balance sheet’s assets.

Currently, tissue product producers try to meet consumers’ requirements to retain their loyalty. In perforated products, such as toilet paper, these requirements involve the paper being portioned along the perforation line and not outside of it. Thus, it becomes necessary to enhance the behavior of the perforation line in perforated tissue papers. The current study aimed to verify if the perforation line for 0° (the solution found in commercial perforated products) is the best solution to maximize the perforation efficiency. A finite element (FE) simulation was used to validate the experimental data, where the deviations from the experiments were 5.2% for the case with a 4 mm perforation length and 8.8% for a perforation of 2 mm, and optimize the perforation efficiency using the genetic algorithm while considering two different cases. In the first case, the blank distance and the perforation line angle were varied, with the best configuration being achieved with a blank distance of 0.1 mm and an inclination angle of 0.56°. For the second case, the blank distance was fixed to 1.0 mm and the only variable to be optimized was the inclination angle of the perforation line. It was found that the best angle inclination was 0.67°. In both cases, it was verified that a slight inclination in the perforation line will favor partitioning and therefore the perforation efficiency.

In the research of the review of this creative and innovation area that can benefit community and nation. The review that had been picked in this research was the paper. The aim of this review is to explain about the advantages or the benefits of paper and also the used of the paper, also the improvement of the nation by the helps of the paper production and innovation. The methods that we going to describe in this review was the involvement of the paper production in many fields, such as for individuals, schools, medical centre and so on. There are a lot of information and new knowledges that we going to present and cite in this review. The conclusion of this article review was to be making sure that everyone knows the important and the properties of the paper in our country.