Search

Considering the current energy and climate crisis, it is important to examine how the impact on these can be managed and reduced within the building sector. One of the objectives of this study is to analyze the impact of several typical thermal bridges for a single-family house on the energy use and show how these vary depending on the choice of framing system. The framing systems studied are CLT, lightweight concrete and wooden stud walls. The other objective is to calculate the climate impact of these three different framing systems and compare it to the energy use. The results showed that the CLT house had the lowest energy use as the designed connections have the least thermal bridge percentages and therefore the lowest energy losses. The climate impact of CLT was also the smallest as the chosen materials have the least impact compared to the other two framing systems. The framing choice with the highest energy use and climate impact was lightweight concrete house., Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Energi- och klimatberäkningar kopplat till olika byggmaterial och värmeförluster som uppkommer i anslutningar där byggdelar möts. Klimat och miljö har under de senaste åren blivit alltmer uppmärksammat och äntligen följer Boverket med! Med den nya lagen som trädde i kraft under 2021, om att undersöka klimatpåverkan hos nybyggda hus har man satt byggbranschens miljöpåverkan i ett nytt ljus. Det är även ett stort problem i samhället idag med den ökade energianvändningen i byggnader och därmed av intresse att försöka minska denna. Den genomförda studien är en jämförelse mellan tre villor uppförda i olika typer av material. Fallstudien bygger på en villa om 144 m2 belägen i södra Skåne. De olika material som undersöks är korslaminerat trä (KL-trä), lättbetongblock samt träregelvägg. De granskade anslutningar i byggnaden som har undersökts i detta arbete har varit takets anslutning till ytterväggen, mellanbjälklaget, fönster och dörrar, balkong, hörn och grunden. De sämsta anslutningarna, med de högsta värmeförluster, blev balkongen och grunden. Största boven sett till material, blev lättbetong som hade den högsta värmeförluster i nästan alla anslutningar, förutom mellanbjälklaget och balkongen. Lättbetongen fick den högsta klimatpåverkan, men inte långt ifrån träregelväggen. Detta resultat blev inte särskilt överraskande då dessa villor hade material med mycket hög klimatpåverkan. Material så som betong i bjälklaget och balkongen, stålprofilen och vindskivan hos träregelväggen samt lättbetongblocket och putsen hos lättbetong huset. Resultatet som ficks fram tycktes vara överraskande då det i början fanns en tanke om att lättbetonghuset skulle vara bättre än träregelväggen i och med att isoleringen mellan blocken inte bryts, men så blev inte fallet. De beräknade värmeförlusterna, även kallat köldbryggorna, kan användas till att jämföra de olika stomsystemens energianvändning. Detta eftersom köldbryggorna står för en relativt stor del av

Post-earthquake structural damage shows that out-of-plane wall collapse is one of the most prevalent failure mechanisms in unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings. This issue is particularly critical in Groningen, a province located in the northern part of the Netherlands, where low-intensity ground shaking has occurred since 1991 due to gas extraction. The majority of buildings in this area are constructed using URM and were not designed to withstand earthquakes, as the area had never been affected by tectonic seismic activity before. Hence, the assessment of URM buildings in the Groningen province has become of high relevance. Out-of-plane failure mechanisms in brick masonry structures often stem from poor wall-to-wall, wall-to-floor or wall-to-roof connections that provide insufficient restraint and boundary conditions. Therefore, studying the mechanical behaviour of such connections is of prime importance for understanding and preventing damages and collapses in URM structures. Specifically, buildings with double-leaf cavity walls constitute a large portion of the building stock in the Groningen area. The connections of the leaves in cavity walls, which consist of metallic ties, are expected to play an important role. Regarding the wall-to-floor connections, the traditional way for URM structures in Dutch construction practice is either a simple masonry pocket connection or a hook anchor as-built connection, which are expected to be vulnerable to out-of-plane excitation. However, until now, little research has been carried out to characterise the seismic behaviour of connections between structural elements in traditional Dutch construction practice. This thesis investigates the seismic behaviour of two types of connections: wall-to-wall connections between cavity wall leaves and wall-to-floor connections between the masonry cavity wall and timber diaphragm, commonly found in traditional houses in the Groningen area. The research is divided into three phase, External advisor: Ihsan Engin Bal, Applied Mechanics

To what extent and how are today's increasingly interconnected and porous real and virtual worlds conditioning and even determining research in Art History? Several art historians have pointed out that, as the globe becomes hyper-connected, the discipline is shifting its focus from local and national questions to global or worldwide issues. This paper aims to analyze this shift in the historiography of medieval Iberian art. I argue that research is indeed being reshaped by the removal or the crossing of physical, epistemic and virtual boundaries as well as by pushing forth an increasing interest in connectivity. Additionally, I propose to cross or remove surviving rigid boundaries still further, to construct more flexible and fluid epistemic limits, and to establish additional connections at several levels., Em que medida e como os mundos reais e virtuais de hoje, cada vez mais interconectados e porosos, condicionam e até determinam a investigação em História da Arte? Vários historiadores da arte já apontaram que, à medida que o mundo se torna hiperconectado, a disciplina está mudando seu foco de questões locais e nacionais para questões globais ou mundiais. Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar essa mudança na historiografia da arte medieval na Península Ibérica. Argumento que a investigação está de fato sendo transformada pela remoção ou pelo cruzamento de fronteiras físicas, epistêmicas e virtuais, bem como pelo aumento do interesse pela conectividade. Além disso, proponho cruzar ou remover fronteiras rígidas ainda existentes, construir limites epistêmicos mais flexíveis e fluidos e estabelecer conexões adicionais em vários níveis., ¿En qué medida y cómo los mundos reales y virtuales, cada vez más interconectados y porosos, condicionan e incluso condicionan la investigación en Historia del Arte? Varios historiadores del arte han señalado que, a medida que el mundo se vuelve hiperconectado, la disciplina está cambiando su enfoque de cuestiones locales y nacionales a problemas globales o mundiales. Este trabajo pretende analizar este giro en la historiografía ibérica del arte medieval. Sostengo que, de hecho, la investigación está siendo transformada por la eliminación o el cruce de los límites físicos, epistémicos y virtuales, así como por el impulso de un creciente interés en la conectividad. Además, propongo cruzar o eliminar límites rígidos todavía existentes, construir límites epistémicos más flexibles y fluidos y establecer conexiones adicionales en varios niveles.

This article presents aspects of method and approach to study the mobility and rootedness of Hispanic interpreters during the conquests and territorialisation in America during the sixteenth century. For that purpose, it focuses on four cases of interpreters who circulated in areas which, as a result of their actions, later became part of New Spain and the governorate of Guatemala. Based on the study of the proofs of merits and services of these characters, it proposes that their links and circulation were essential for the knowledge of local languages, the connection between conquests, the dynamics of interpretation and the establishment of royal jurisdiction., El presente artículo expone aspectos de método y enfoque para estudiar la movilidad y el arraigo de intérpretes hispanos durante los procesos de conquista y territorialización en América durante el siglo XVI. Para ello nos enfocamos en cuatro casos de intérpretes que circularon por espacios que, como resultado de su acción, posteriormente adscribieron a Nueva España y a la gobernación de Guatemala. A partir del estudio de las probanzas de méritos y servicios de dichos personajes, se plantea que sus vínculos y circulación fueron esenciales para el conocimiento de las lenguas locales, la conexión entre conquistas, las dinámicas de interpretación y la implantación de la jurisdicción real.

Denna rapport fokuserar på att hitta hållbara lösningar inom byggindustrin med inriktning på återanvändning av prefabricerade betongelement. Betong är ett vanligt byggmaterial, men tillverkningen och användningen av betong medför höga kostnader och stor miljöpåverkan. För att minska dessa negativa effekter har användningen av prefabricerade betongelement som kan demonteras och återanvändas blivit allt vanligare. Detta steg mot en cirkulär och hållbar byggindustri har flera fördelar, inklusive minskade kostnader och minskad miljöpåverkan. En viktig aspekt när det gäller återanvändning av betongelement är anslutningarna mellan dessa element. Dessa anslutningar måste vara både starka och demonterbara för att möjliggöra enkel demontering. Genom att återanvända prefabricerade betongelement kan man uppnå besparingar i tid och pengar, eftersom det är enklare och snabbare att demontera och återmontera dessa element jämfört med att bygga nyproducerad varje gång. Denna rapport presenterar resultaten av en studie som undersöker olika typer av anslutningar mellan prefabricerade betongelement i byggnader med pelar-/balkstomme och bärande väggar/bjälklag. Målet är att klassificera anslutningarna baserat på deras demonterbarhet och återmonterbarhet. Studien inleds med en litteraturgenomgång för att undersöka befintliga metoder och tekniker för anslutningar i prefabricerade betongelement. Baserat på denna genomgång utarbetades en klassificering av anslutningarna utifrån förutsättningarna för demontering och återmontering. Klassificeringen framhöll att bultade anslutningar är de enklaste att demontera och återmontera, därvid sammangjutna anslutningar med genomgående armeringsjärn visade sig vara de mest utmanande när det kommer till demontering och återmontering. En byggnad valdes som fallstudie för att visa tillämpningen av anslutningar mellan prefabricerade betongelement. Med hjälp av den utvecklade klassificeringen anpassades och föreslogs nya anslutningar för den prefabricerade, This report focuses on sustainable solutions in construction, emphasizing the reuse of prefabricated concrete elements. Making concrete has so many negative environmental impacts. One way of tackling these impacts is minimizing the production of concrete through the growing use of prefabricated elements that can be dismantled and reused, leading to cost reduction and environmental benefits. An important aspect concerning the reuse of concrete elements is the connections between these elements which should be both strong and detachable to enable easy disassembly. The reuse of elements saves both time and concrete. In this thesis, a comprehensive study has been made on different types of connections between precast concrete elements in buildings with column and beam structures, as well as load-bearing walls and floors. The study is then used to classify the connection types according to their ease and capability of disassembly. In order to implement the result of the classification, a building is selected, and connections are suggested between the load-bearing elements. The strength of the connections are then controlled with the help of detailed calculations to see if the suggested connection types can bear the load of the building. The primary aim of this report is to contribute to a better understanding of connections in prefabricated concrete elements and provide a practical example through the case study. It can be beneficial for engineers, architects, and professionals in the construction sector involved in the design and construction of prefabricated concrete buildings.

To study how the visual areas of the 2 hemispheres interact in processing visual stimuli we have recorded local field potentials in the callosally connected parts of areas 17 and 18 of the ferret during the presentation of 3 kinds of stimuli: 2.5 degrees squares flashed for 50 ms randomly in the visual field (S1), 4 full-field gratings differing in orientation by 45 degrees and identical in the 2 hemifields (S2) and gratings as above but whose orientation and/or direction of motion differed by 90 degrees in the 2 hemifields (S3). The gratings remained stationary for 0.5 s and then moved in 1 of the 2 directions perpendicular to their orientation for 3 s. We compared the responses in baseline conditions with those obtained whereas the contralateral visual areas were inactivated by cooling. Cooling did not affect the responses to S1 but it modified those to S2 and to S3 generally increasing early components of the response while decreasing later components. These findings indicate that interhemispheric processing is restricted to visual stimuli which achieve spatial summation and that it involves complex inhibitory and facilitatory effects, possibly carried out by interhemispheric pathways of different conduction velocity., Depto. de Análisis Matemático y Matemática Aplicada, Fac. de Ciencias Matemáticas, TRUE, pub

At the start of the 21st century, growing insecurity and conflict around water marks community life in the Bolivian highlands. In the community of Peñas, located in the original peasant indigenous territory of Jach’a Marka Tapacari Cóndor Apacheta, the threat of a mining project that could affect the community’s water sources was answered by the adoption of a “zero mining” resolution. The decision in defence of water is literally supported by an infrastructure: a system of 50 infiltration galleries. It is an extensive network of underground galleries and surface irrigation canals. Considered "ancestral" by the community, the system continues to facilitate the distribution of water across the landscape to this day. In a context of climate change, this infrastructure has acquired an increasingly important role in the memory, organization and defence of the community and its intimate relations with the landscape. Following a community process of description and revaluation of the practices around the galleries, we trace the articulation of a landscape multiple –a landscape in which many landscapes fit- and the partial connections between these landscapes. We conceptualize these practices as the implementation of a way of “infrastructuring” a landscape multiple. Attending to the filtering function of the galleries, we argue that the galleries of Peñas constitute a consciously "incomplete" process of infrastructuring, and we observe the frictions that this generates with initiatives guided by other forms of infrastructuring the Andean subsoil., Entrado ya el siglo XXI, una creciente inseguridad y conflictividad en torno al agua marca la vida comunitaria en el altiplano boliviano. Ante la amenaza de un proyecto minero que podría afectar las fuentes de agua de Peñas, situada en el territorio indígena originario campesino Jach’a Marka Tapacari Cóndor Apacheta, la comunidad respondió con la adopción de una resolución de “cero minería”. La decisión en defensa del agua está literalmente soportada por una infraestructura: un sistema de 50 galerías filtrantes. Se trata de una extensa red de galerías subterráneas y acequias de riego en la superficie. Considerado “ancestral” por la comunidad, este sistema sigue facilitando la distribución de agua en todo el paisaje hasta el día de hoy. En un contexto de cambio climático, esta infraestructura ha adquirido un papel cada vez más importante dentro de la memoria, la organización y la defensa de esta comunidad y sus relaciones íntimas con el paisaje. Siguiendo un proceso comunitario de descripción y revalorización de las prácticas en torno a las galerías, trazamos la articulación de un paisaje múltiple –un paisaje en el que caben muchos paisajes– y las conexiones parciales entre estas versiones de paisaje. Conceptualizamos estas actividades como una forma de “infrastructurar” conscientemente “incompleta”, y observamos las fricciones que genera en el paisaje múltiple estas versiones con iniciativas guiadas por otras formas de “infraestructurar” el subsuelo andino.

Although building systems made of cross-laminated timber (CLT) have become common in Sweden in the past 20 years and they have developed rapidly during the same period, steps remain to be taken to simplify the assembly of such systems, especially at construction sites. Current construction methods, however, remain labour-intensive and thus show room for improvement. This paper describes a novel connection for the assembly of building elements made of CLT. Simple and inexpensive, the connection is fairly insensitive to manufacturing tolerances and enables rapid, more efficient construction than the connections for CLT structures currently used. Test results show the excellent strength and stiffness of the connection, which also allows the replacement of numerous fasteners, including nails and screws, with only a single steel rod., Funding: Familjen Kamprads stiftelse 2020013

Bakgrund: Primär och sekundär dysmenorré hos barn är vanligt och bidrar till lidande och frånvaro från både skola och fritidsaktiviteter. Endometrios, som är den vanligaste orsaken till sekundär dysmenorré, innebär lidande och problematik som kan leda till kronisk smärta och infertilitet om det inte upptäcks och behandlas i tid. Skolsköterskan har en viktig funktion när det handlar om att identifiera, stötta och hjälpa barn med dysmenorré, varför det krävs kunskap om dysmenorré och endometrios hos skolsköterskan. Det är i nuläget oklart hur den kunskapen och erfarenheten ser ut. Syfte:Syftet med studien var att undersöka skolsköterskors kunskap och erfarenheter av dysmenorré hos barn och vilka samband som finns mellan kunskap och erfarenhet. Metod: En studie med kvantitativ design av tvärsnittstyp genomfördes genom en webbenkät som 113 skolsköterskor i Skåne besvarade anonymt. Materialet bearbetades sedan för att mynna ut i beskrivande och analytisk statistik. Resultat: Resultatet visade att råden skolsköterskor generellt ger till barn med dysmenorré går i linje med rådande forskning. Det visade även att skolsköterskor, oavsett kunskapsnivå, är i behov av mer utbildning gällande dysmenorré. Slutsats: För att fler skolsköterskor ska kunna hjälpa barn med dysmenorré på bästa sätt bör de få mer utbildning inom området. Vidare forskning bör göras kring barnens upplevelse av skolsköterskans stöd i förhållande till dysmenorré., Background: Primary and secondary dysmenorrhea are common problems in children and contributes to both suffering and absence from school and daily activities. Endometriosis, which is the most common cause of secondary dysmenorrhea, involves suffering and problems that can lead to chronic pain and infertility if not detected and treated in time. The school nurse has an important function when it comes to identifying, supporting, and helping children with dysmenorrhea, which is why knowledge of dysmenorrhea and endometriosis is required for the school nurse. It is currently unclear what the knowledge and experience look like. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate school nurses' knowledge and experiences of dysmenorrhea in children and what connections exist between knowledge and experience. Method: A study with quantitative design of a cross-sectional type was conducted through a web survey that 113 school nurses in Skåne answered anonymously. The material was then processed to result in descriptive and analytical statistics. Results: The results showed that the advice school nurses generally give to children with dysmenorrhea is accurate according to current research. It also showed that school nurses, regardless of their level of knowledge, are in need of more education regarding dysmenorrhea. Conclusion: For more school nurses to be able to help children with dysmenorrhea in the best way, they should receive more education in the field. Further research is needed about how children experience the school nurse's support in relation to dysmenorrhea.

OBJECTIVES: This paper considers home from the perspective of people living with dementia supporting ongoing discourse around ageing in place and the significance of creating more inclusive communities. METHODS: Forty-six home tour interviews led by people living with dementia were conducted in England and Scotland to better understand the connectivity between home and neighbourhood for people living with dementia. These interviews used a range of participatory and creative approaches including video, photographic images and in situ interviews. Data were analysed via reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS: Three themes were identified in data analysis. 1. Connected home and neighbourhood, where participants revealed the dynamic relationship between home and neighbourhood; 2. Practices of home, where participants discussed the everyday nature of their homes and routines; and 3. Displaying home and family, which reflected participant's biographical homes in the context of living with dementia. DISCUSSION: The findings show that home holds multiple meanings for people living with dementia. For example, home is understood as a part of the neighbourhood and an extension of the home space into gardens and backyards, thus extending existing discourses that solely focus on the inside of people's homes. For people living with dementia, homes are also sites of negotiation and renegotiation where new meanings are created to reflect the changing nature and context of the home. There is not one fixed solution to these issues. Support and understanding for people living with dementia will need to evolve to adapt to the shifting dynamics and multiple meanings of home.

The component method for joint analysis relies on the formulation of stiffness and strength of individual parts to derive the global properties of the joint. One of these components is the web of an open I-section, or the face of a rectangular hollow section, hereby referred to as face plate. It is currently not codified despite its frequent occurrence in the engineering practice. Hereby, a new mechanical model is proposed to estimate the initial stiffness of the face plate component under out-of-plane loading, leading to closed-form analytical expressions. The model is validated against experimental test results and an extensive numerical parametric study, showing excellent agreement., Steel & Composite Structures

Although building systems made of cross-laminated timber (CLT) have become common in Sweden in the past 20 years and they have developed rapidly during the same period, steps remain to be taken to simplify the assembly of such systems, especially at construction sites. Current construction methods, however, remain labour-intensive and thus show room for improvement. This paper describes a novel connection for the assembly of building elements made of CLT. Simple and inexpensive, the connection is fairly insensitive to manufacturing tolerances and enables rapid, more efficient construction than the connections for CLT structures currently used. Test results show the excellent strength and stiffness of the connection, which also allows the replacement of numerous fasteners, including nails and screws, with only a single steel rod., Funding: Familjen Kamprads stiftelse 2020013

The purpose of this case study was to understand the influences that playing high school football has on graduation. The theories guiding this study were the theory of connectedness and the theory of attachment and how students' connections to football helped them achieve the goal of graduation. Ainsworth and Bowlby and their theories of attachment were used to tie football as an extracurricular activity to graduation and why educators push for students to be involved. I attempted to show the benefits that involvement in football helps a student succeed in high school. Themes like connections, support, and academics were revealed through research that showed that with these themes as keys, the individuals who participated in this study were able to graduate from high school.

Bakgrund: Primär och sekundär dysmenorré hos barn är vanligt och bidrar till lidande och frånvaro från både skola och fritidsaktiviteter. Endometrios, som är den vanligaste orsaken till sekundär dysmenorré, innebär lidande och problematik som kan leda till kronisk smärta och infertilitet om det inte upptäcks och behandlas i tid. Skolsköterskan har en viktig funktion när det handlar om att identifiera, stötta och hjälpa barn med dysmenorré, varför det krävs kunskap om dysmenorré och endometrios hos skolsköterskan. Det är i nuläget oklart hur den kunskapen och erfarenheten ser ut. Syfte:Syftet med studien var att undersöka skolsköterskors kunskap och erfarenheter av dysmenorré hos barn och vilka samband som finns mellan kunskap och erfarenhet. Metod: En studie med kvantitativ design av tvärsnittstyp genomfördes genom en webbenkät som 113 skolsköterskor i Skåne besvarade anonymt. Materialet bearbetades sedan för att mynna ut i beskrivande och analytisk statistik. Resultat: Resultatet visade att råden skolsköterskor generellt ger till barn med dysmenorré går i linje med rådande forskning. Det visade även att skolsköterskor, oavsett kunskapsnivå, är i behov av mer utbildning gällande dysmenorré. Slutsats: För att fler skolsköterskor ska kunna hjälpa barn med dysmenorré på bästa sätt bör de få mer utbildning inom området. Vidare forskning bör göras kring barnens upplevelse av skolsköterskans stöd i förhållande till dysmenorré., Background: Primary and secondary dysmenorrhea are common problems in children and contributes to both suffering and absence from school and daily activities. Endometriosis, which is the most common cause of secondary dysmenorrhea, involves suffering and problems that can lead to chronic pain and infertility if not detected and treated in time. The school nurse has an important function when it comes to identifying, supporting, and helping children with dysmenorrhea, which is why knowledge of dysmenorrhea and endometriosis is required for the school nurse. It is currently unclear what the knowledge and experience look like. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate school nurses' knowledge and experiences of dysmenorrhea in children and what connections exist between knowledge and experience. Method: A study with quantitative design of a cross-sectional type was conducted through a web survey that 113 school nurses in Skåne answered anonymously. The material was then processed to result in descriptive and analytical statistics. Results: The results showed that the advice school nurses generally give to children with dysmenorrhea is accurate according to current research. It also showed that school nurses, regardless of their level of knowledge, are in need of more education regarding dysmenorrhea. Conclusion: For more school nurses to be able to help children with dysmenorrhea in the best way, they should receive more education in the field. Further research is needed about how children experience the school nurse's support in relation to dysmenorrhea.

The importance of joints in timber structures is strongly emphasized in the existing literature (e.g., Blaß & Sandhaas, 2017; McLain, 1998). The aim of this project is to provide insight into whether the cross-sectional sizes of the member are dictated by the dimensional sizes of the laterally loaded dowel-type connection or the strength and stiffness requirements of the member itself in timber frame structures. In this research project, a parametric study is performed. The parameters in this study represent the global frame structure and the laterally loaded dowel-type connections. Together, these parameters form a parametric model that lays the foundation for the tool that is constructed in this study. This tool is built in order to generate a number of unique configurations that fulfill the design verifications. Using the tool, two analyses are performed. In analysis 1, the effect of different distances between the secondary beams is examined. In analysis 2, the effect of different grid sizes of the column in the frame structure is studied. In both analyses, two member sizes are first selected based on the criteria 'lowest cross-sectional area' (LCA) and 'lowest height beam' (LHB). These two member sizes form the starting point for generating different configurations of laterally loaded dowel-type connections. In this research project, three factors are found to contribute to the largest reduction in the number of unique configurations for all constructed cases examined in analysis 1 and 2. These three factors are small column widths combined with high shear forces, the effect of a 'compact' member, and the effect of 'brittle' failure mechanisms on the LCA-members, which was selected as a design constraint in this study. These factors may be relevant for engineers to take into account when designing the structural members. However, in this study, no constructed case is found in which the member needs to be redesigned in order to f, Civil Engineering | Building Engineering - Structural Design

This study proposes a new hybrid concrete joint using glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) bolts and reinforcements to replace steel bolts and reinforcements for corrosion damage mitigation. The experimental results indicate that the proposed hybrid concrete joints satisfy the seismic-resistant requirements with respect to the ductility and energy dissipation. The energy dissipation of the hybrid concrete joint was approximately 57% higher than the reference monolithic joint. In addition, the application of GFRP bolts and reinforcements not only avoided brittle failure during the test but also showed excellent behaviours in terms of the drift ratio, ductility, and energy dissipation. Numerical simulation using ABAQUS software was also carried out, which successfully captured the failure modes, drift ratios, and peak loads of the dry, hybrid, and monolithic joints. The numerical results proved that the common assumptions which were adopted in the proposed models of the previous studies (Ngo et al., 2020; Ngo et al., 2020) [1,2] were reliable to predict the peak loads. The ratio of the thickness of the concrete-end-plate (CEP) over the height of the beam of 1.3 was the optimal value and it can be used in CEP design of the dry joint. Finally, the developed three-dimensional finite element (3D-FE) model verified with the testing data can be confidently applied in future studies to investigate the seismic performances of the dry, hybrid, and monolithic beam-column joints using GFRP reinforcements and bolts.

This study investigated dynamic performances of concrete beam-column joints under various impact loading scenarios including impact contact condition (i.e., impact directly or via an interlayer), impact location, and impact loading pattern (i.e., concentrated or distributed loads). The influence of impact contact conditions was experimentally studied by a pendulum impact testing system. The test results showed that the softer contact by using a rubber pad led to an impact force profile with a less prominent force peak but resulted in more flexural concrete cracks on the beam. Furthermore, the finite element models of beam-column joints under impact were developed and verified by the test results. Based on the calibrated numerical models, the effects of impact location and impact loading pattern on the dynamic performances of joints were investigated. It was found that the specimens exhibited more flexural-governed cracks as the impact location moved away from the joint area. In addition, the distributed impact loading pattern resulting from an impactor with a wider contact area caused higher impact force, larger displacement response of beam, and severer damage at joint area than those generated by the concentrated impact loading pattern of the same kinetic energy, indicating the distributed impact loading is a more dangerous impact scenario to the safety of beam-column joints.

Números (em 1928), o qual afirma que E(Q) é um grupo abeliano finitamentegerado. O teorema de estrutura para grupos finitamente gerados garante que é possível decompor o grupo E(Q) na forma E(Q)=E(Q)_{tor} ⊕ Z^r, onde E(Q)_{tor} é o subgrupo de pontos de torção (elementos de ordem finito) eré um número inteiro chamado o posto de E(Q) (posto algébrico da curva elíptica, é um invariante da curva). Por outro lado, um número racional é dito congruente se ele representa a área de um triângulo retângulo cujos lados são números racionais. O problema dos Números Congruentes consiste precisamente em determinar se um dado número racional é congruente ou não. Neste trabalho apresentamos este problema e discutimos um resultado que estabelece a relaçãoentre Números Congruentes e Curvas Elípticas., Números (em 1928), o qual afirma que E(Q) é um grupo abeliano finitamentegerado. O teorema de estrutura para grupos finitamente gerados garante que é possível decompor o grupo E(Q) na forma E(Q)=E(Q)_{tor} ⊕ Z^r, onde E(Q)_{tor} é o subgrupo de pontos de torção (elementos de ordem finito) eré um número inteiro chamado o posto de E(Q) (posto algébrico da curva elíptica, é um invariante da curva). Por outro lado, um número racional é dito congruente se ele representa a área de um triângulo retângulo cujos lados são números racionais. O problema dos Números Congruentes consiste precisamente em determinar se um dado número racional é congruente ou não. Neste trabalho apresentamos este problema e discutimos um resultado que estabelece a relaçãoentre Números Congruentes e Curvas Elípticas., Las Curvas Elípticas ha sido muy usadas para el tratamiento de problemas importantes como la Criptografia, el Problema de Empacotamiento de Esferas, el Problema de los Números Congruentes, entre otros. Una de las principales características de una Curva Elíptica E es que el conjunto de sus puntos racionales, E(Q), tiene una estructura de grupo abeliano finitamente generado. Especificamente se tiene el famoso teorema demostrado por Mordell, para Curvas Elípticas Racionales, (en 1922) e generalizado por Weil para Curvas Elípticas sobre Cuerpos de Números (en1928), el cual afirma que E(Q) es un grupo abeliano finitamente generado. El teorema de estructura para grupos finitamente generados garantiza que es posible descomponer el grupo E(Q) en la  formaE(Q) = E(Q)_{tor} + Z}^r, donde E(Q)_{tor} es el subgrupo de puntos de torção (elementos de orden finito) e r es un número entero llamado el rango de E(Q) (rango algébraico de la curva elíptica,  un invariante de la curva). Por otro lado, un número racional es llamado congruente se el representa el área de un triângulo rectângulo cuyos lados son números racionales. El problema de los Números Congruentes consiste precisamente en determinar se un determinado número racional es congruente o no. En este trabajo presentamos este problema y discutimos un resultado que establece la relacion entre Números Congruentes y Curvas Elípticas.

Prokaryotic genomes evolve via horizontal gene transfer (HGT), mutations, and rearrangements. HGT is a mechanism that plays a significant role in prokaryotic evolution and leads to biodiversity in nature. One of the important components of HGT is the genomic island (GI) which is a subsequence of the genome created by HGT. This research aims to identify the structures of the prokaryotic GIs that have a fundamental role in the adoption of prokaryotes and the impact of the species on the environment. Previous computational biology research has focused on developing tools that detect GIs in prokaryotic genomes, while there is little research investigating GI structure. This research introduces a novel idea that has not yet been addressed intensively, which is identifying additional structures of the GIs in prokaryotes. There are two main directions in this research used to study the prokaryotic GIs structure from each different perspective. In the first direction, the aim is to investigate GI patterns and the existence of biological connections across bacterial phyla in terms of GIs on a large scale. This direction mainly aims to pursue the novel idea of connecting GIs across prokaryotic and phage genomes via patterns of protein families across many species. A pattern is a sequence of protein families that is found to frequently occur in the genomes of a number of species. Here the large data set available from the IslandViewer4 database and protein families from the Pfam database have been combined. Furthermore, implementing a comprehensive strategy to identify patterns that makes use of HMMER, BLAST, and MUSCLE; also implement Python programs that link the analysis into a single pipeline. Research results demonstrate that related GIs often exist in multiple species that are not evolutionarily related and indeed may be from multiple bacterial phyla. Analysis of the discovered patterns led to the identification of biological connections among prokaryotes and phages thro

The first essay shows that academic directors significantly increase firms' innovation. Following an academic director's death and relative to a non-academic director's death, the average firm reduces the number of citation-weighted patent applications by 30.7%. The number of patent applications also increases when an academic director becomes less busy after another company she holds directorship is acquired. Consistent with an advising channel, academic directors in STEM disciplines are particularly pro-innovation. In line with monitoring channels, firms with academic directors tend to dismiss CEOs who do not innovate and restrict real earnings management that waste financial resources. The relation between academic directors and innovation is not driven by PhD CEOs or non-academic PhD directors. Academic directors are associated with higher firm value at firms where innovation is more important but not at other firms. Overall, our results highlight the vital advising and monitoring roles academic directors play in corporate innovation. The second essay finds that pre-existing professional ties with a firm's board significantly increase a CEO candidate's probability of being hired by the firm. Considering all CEOs hired this year as potential candidates, a board-connection corresponds to a 152% increase in the probability the candidate is selected as CEO. Consistent with the hypothesis that boards select connected candidates to increase shareholder value, we find significantly greater firm performance improvement after CEO turnovers for firms hiring connected CEOs than those hiring unconnected CEOs. Further, the performance increases are significant only among firms with severe information asymmetry, large CEO termination risk, and high coordination costs. We also find that connected CEOs make better acquisitions than unconnected CEOs. These results suggest connected hiring increases firm performance because it reduces information asymmetry, CEO termination risk

Números (em 1928), o qual afirma que E(Q) é um grupo abeliano finitamentegerado. O teorema de estrutura para grupos finitamente gerados garante que é possível decompor o grupo E(Q) na forma E(Q)=E(Q)_{tor} ⊕ Z^r, onde E(Q)_{tor} é o subgrupo de pontos de torção (elementos de ordem finito) eré um número inteiro chamado o posto de E(Q) (posto algébrico da curva elíptica, é um invariante da curva). Por outro lado, um número racional é dito congruente se ele representa a área de um triângulo retângulo cujos lados são números racionais. O problema dos Números Congruentes consiste precisamente em determinar se um dado número racional é congruente ou não. Neste trabalho apresentamos este problema e discutimos um resultado que estabelece a relaçãoentre Números Congruentes e Curvas Elípticas., Números (em 1928), o qual afirma que E(Q) é um grupo abeliano finitamentegerado. O teorema de estrutura para grupos finitamente gerados garante que é possível decompor o grupo E(Q) na forma E(Q)=E(Q)_{tor} ⊕ Z^r, onde E(Q)_{tor} é o subgrupo de pontos de torção (elementos de ordem finito) eré um número inteiro chamado o posto de E(Q) (posto algébrico da curva elíptica, é um invariante da curva). Por outro lado, um número racional é dito congruente se ele representa a área de um triângulo retângulo cujos lados são números racionais. O problema dos Números Congruentes consiste precisamente em determinar se um dado número racional é congruente ou não. Neste trabalho apresentamos este problema e discutimos um resultado que estabelece a relaçãoentre Números Congruentes e Curvas Elípticas., Las Curvas Elípticas ha sido muy usadas para el tratamiento de problemas importantes como la Criptografia, el Problema de Empacotamiento de Esferas, el Problema de los Números Congruentes, entre otros. Una de las principales características de una Curva Elíptica E es que el conjunto de sus puntos racionales, E(Q), tiene una estructura de grupo abeliano finitamente generado. Especificamente se tiene el famoso teorema demostrado por Mordell, para Curvas Elípticas Racionales, (en 1922) e generalizado por Weil para Curvas Elípticas sobre Cuerpos de Números (en1928), el cual afirma que E(Q) es un grupo abeliano finitamente generado. El teorema de estructura para grupos finitamente generados garantiza que es posible descomponer el grupo E(Q) en la  formaE(Q) = E(Q)_{tor} + Z}^r, donde E(Q)_{tor} es el subgrupo de puntos de torção (elementos de orden finito) e r es un número entero llamado el rango de E(Q) (rango algébraico de la curva elíptica,  un invariante de la curva). Por otro lado, un número racional es llamado congruente se el representa el área de un triângulo rectângulo cuyos lados son números racionales. El problema de los Números Congruentes consiste precisamente en determinar se un determinado número racional es congruente o no. En este trabajo presentamos este problema y discutimos un resultado que establece la relacion entre Números Congruentes y Curvas Elípticas.

Seismic events have shown the hazardous and expensive consequences resulting from seismic damage of non-structural elements. For this reason, the concern regarding the seismic performance of glazed curtain walls has acquired more relevance in the building industry; however, there is still a gap of information in the literature about this topic. To contribute with a broader panorama about the seismic performance of CW, this thesis project is focused on the seismic of the connections within a curtain wall. This thesis intends to evaluate the performance of the connections that contribute to the seismic response of a glazed curtain wall with finite element models and experimental tests. To achieve this objective, several important points were taken into account. First, a literature study to understand what is a CW, and which are the components that may have influence in seismic design. Second, the two case-studies considered in this research are presented; in this section information about the specimens tested and types of tests performed is provided. Third, elaborate finite element models of the connections corresponding to each case study describing the criteria used. Finally, a comparison between the experimental and numerical results is elaborated to determine if the modelling approach is correct. The experimental tests were carried out with the collaboration of Permasteelisa Group, and the numerical models were elaborated with DIANA FEA software. Five connections were analysed in this research: mullion to mullion, transom to starter sill, top aluminium bracket and hook, starter sill- bottom steel bracket, and silicone by a non-linear analysis with incremental displacements. At the end of this analysis it was observed a good agreement in the behaviour of the frame to frame connections with a minimal over estimation of the stiffness of certain frame to frame connections. Regarding the connections involving brackets, it was observed that the behaviour in the, Civil Engineering | Building Engineering - Structural Design

Números (em 1928), o qual afirma que E(Q) é um grupo abeliano finitamentegerado. O teorema de estrutura para grupos finitamente gerados garante que é possível decompor o grupo E(Q) na forma E(Q)=E(Q)_{tor} ⊕ Z^r, onde E(Q)_{tor} é o subgrupo de pontos de torção (elementos de ordem finito) eré um número inteiro chamado o posto de E(Q) (posto algébrico da curva elíptica, é um invariante da curva). Por outro lado, um número racional é dito congruente se ele representa a área de um triângulo retângulo cujos lados são números racionais. O problema dos Números Congruentes consiste precisamente em determinar se um dado número racional é congruente ou não. Neste trabalho apresentamos este problema e discutimos um resultado que estabelece a relaçãoentre Números Congruentes e Curvas Elípticas., Números (em 1928), o qual afirma que E(Q) é um grupo abeliano finitamentegerado. O teorema de estrutura para grupos finitamente gerados garante que é possível decompor o grupo E(Q) na forma E(Q)=E(Q)_{tor} ⊕ Z^r, onde E(Q)_{tor} é o subgrupo de pontos de torção (elementos de ordem finito) eré um número inteiro chamado o posto de E(Q) (posto algébrico da curva elíptica, é um invariante da curva). Por outro lado, um número racional é dito congruente se ele representa a área de um triângulo retângulo cujos lados são números racionais. O problema dos Números Congruentes consiste precisamente em determinar se um dado número racional é congruente ou não. Neste trabalho apresentamos este problema e discutimos um resultado que estabelece a relaçãoentre Números Congruentes e Curvas Elípticas., Las Curvas Elípticas ha sido muy usadas para el tratamiento de problemas importantes como la Criptografia, el Problema de Empacotamiento de Esferas, el Problema de los Números Congruentes, entre otros. Una de las principales características de una Curva Elíptica E es que el conjunto de sus puntos racionales, E(Q), tiene una estructura de grupo abeliano finitamente generado. Especificamente se tiene el famoso teorema demostrado por Mordell, para Curvas Elípticas Racionales, (en 1922) e generalizado por Weil para Curvas Elípticas sobre Cuerpos de Números (en1928), el cual afirma que E(Q) es un grupo abeliano finitamente generado. El teorema de estructura para grupos finitamente generados garantiza que es posible descomponer el grupo E(Q) en la  formaE(Q) = E(Q)_{tor} + Z}^r, donde E(Q)_{tor} es el subgrupo de puntos de torção (elementos de orden finito) e r es un número entero llamado el rango de E(Q) (rango algébraico de la curva elíptica,  un invariante de la curva). Por otro lado, un número racional es llamado congruente se el representa el área de un triângulo rectângulo cuyos lados son números racionales. El problema de los Números Congruentes consiste precisamente en determinar se un determinado número racional es congruente o no. En este trabajo presentamos este problema y discutimos un resultado que establece la relacion entre Números Congruentes y Curvas Elípticas.

The study of the Nueva Canción in Latin America has revealed artistic spaces whose territories, dynamics and actors often transcend the traditional frameworks of the State and its institutions. Focusing on the Chilean case, this article explores some of the dimensions of transnationality present in a particular body of literature. Firstly, it identifies studies in which the transnational approach is evident in the broad frameworks used to identify musical movements. Secondly, it examines studies whose object of research requires a supranational perspective. Thirdly, it reflects on scholarship whose method and object of study are based on overtly transnational approaches. Examined from this perspective, the literature seems to suggest a diverse and heterogenous musical world, of variable geo- graphies and dynamics (binational, transnational, comparative), in which the multiple layers of contemporary artistic experience are articulated and interwoven., El estudio de la Nueva Canción en América Latina ha puesto en evidencia escenas artísticas cuyos territorios, dinámicas y actores sobrepasan, a menudo, los marcos tradicionales del Estado y sus instituciones. Centrado en el caso chileno, el presente artículo se interroga sobre algunas dimensiones de la transnacionalidad presentes en un corpus bibliográfico específico. En primer lugar, identificamos estudios donde el enfoque transnacional se manifiesta en los marcos generales usados para identificar movimientos musicales. En segundo lugar, examinamos trabajos cuyo objeto de investigación exige una mirada supranacional. En tercer lugar, reflexionamos acerca de trabajos donde el método y el objeto de estudio se cimentan sobre enfoques abiertamente transnacionales. Interrogado desde esta perspectiva, el corpus parece sugerir un mundo musical diverso y heterogéneo, de geografías y dinámicas variables (binacionales, transnacionales, comparativas), donde se articulan y conectan las numerosas capas de la experiencia artística contemporánea.

Capacity design for bolted connections in tension means that yielding of the gross cross-section is decisive over the ultimate resistance of the net cross-section. If the requirement for capacity design is met, ductile connection behavior is achieved, and brittle failure is avoided. However, in many practical cases the bolt holes are too large to satisfy the current capacity design requirement of EN 1993-1-1. In this capacity design requirement, both failure criteria involved, plastic resistance of the gross cross-section and ultimate resistance of the net cross-section, are considered independently with their own partial factors. This may be overly conservative. The goal of the research is to determine an improved capacity design requirement such that bigger bolt holes can be allowed without hampering safety. Both partial factors and the factor 0,9 in the net cross-section resistance are combined in one factor. With the use of a Monte Carlo simulation a new capacity design requirement with its own combined factor is developed. Several distributions for dimensions and steel properties are used as input for the Monte Carlo simulation. The correlation between the yield stress and the ultimate strength is considered as well. In the Monte Carlo simulation, also a model factor is used. The current combined factor for the capacity design requirement is 1.39. Based on the research performed, it can be concluded that this is very conservative and that the value of the combined factor can be lowered to 1.05.

Números (em 1928), o qual afirma que E(Q) é um grupo abeliano finitamentegerado. O teorema de estrutura para grupos finitamente gerados garante que é possível decompor o grupo E(Q) na forma E(Q)=E(Q)_{tor}⊕Z^r, onde E(Q)_{tor} é o subgrupo de pontos de torção (elementos de ordem finito) eré um número inteiro chamado o posto de E(Q) (posto algébrico da curva elíptica, é um invariante da curva). Por outro lado, um número racional é dito congruente se ele representa a área de um triângulo retângulo cujos lados são números racionais. O problema dos Números Congruentes consiste precisamente em determinar se um dado número racional é congruente ou não. Neste trabalho apresentamos este problema e discutimos um resultado que estabelece a relaçãoentre Números Congruentes e Curvas Elípticas., Números (em 1928), o qual afirma que E(Q) é um grupo abeliano finitamentegerado. O teorema de estrutura para grupos finitamente gerados garante que é possível decompor o grupo E(Q) na forma E(Q)=E(Q)_{tor}⊕Z^r, onde E(Q)_{tor} é o subgrupo de pontos de torção (elementos de ordem finito) eré um número inteiro chamado o posto de E(Q) (posto algébrico da curva elíptica, é um invariante da curva). Por outro lado, um número racional é dito congruente se ele representa a área de um triângulo retângulo cujos lados são números racionais. O problema dos Números Congruentes consiste precisamente em determinar se um dado número racional é congruente ou não. Neste trabalho apresentamos este problema e discutimos um resultado que estabelece a relaçãoentre Números Congruentes e Curvas Elípticas., Las Curvas Elípticas ha sido muy usadas para el tratamiento de problemas importantes como la Criptografia, el Problema de Empacotamiento de Esferas, el Problema de los Números Congruentes, entre otros. Una de las principales características de una Curva Elíptica E es que el conjunto de sus puntos racionales, E(Q), tiene una estructura de grupo abeliano finitamente generado. Especificamente se tiene el famoso teorema demostrado por Mordell, para Curvas Elípticas Racionales, (en 1922) e generalizado por Weil para Curvas Elípticas sobre Cuerpos de Números (en1928), el cual afirma que E(Q) es un grupo abeliano finitamente generado. El teorema de estructura para grupos finitamente generados garantiza que es posible descomponer el grupo E(Q) en la  formaE(Q) = E(Q)_{tor} + Z}^r, donde E(Q)_{tor} es el subgrupo de puntos de torção (elementos de orden finito) e r es un número entero llamado el rango de E(Q) (rango algébraico de la curva elíptica,  un invariante de la curva). Por otro lado, un número racional es llamado congruente se el representa el área de un triângulo rectângulo cuyos lados son números racionales. El problema de los Números Congruentes consiste precisamente en determinar se un determinado número racional es congruente o no. En este trabajo presentamos este problema y discutimos un resultado que establece la relacion entre Números Congruentes y Curvas Elípticas.

This thesis uses GIS and spatial analysis to study connections in the archaeological landscape of the Morello Valley, in the Enna province in Sicily (Italy). To identify potential social relations, the idea of social networks is adapted into the spatial network analysis. The spatiality of 42 sites with archaeological layers from Mid-to Late Neolithic until Medieval times are explored by looking at intervisibility, movement and accessibility. A historical map is used to reconstruct hydrology, and spatial data is accessed to include ancient paths and sulphur resources. Phenomenological methods are also used to describe the landscape and applied in GIS and spatial analysis to explore how people may have related to their environment. Local and external contacts in Sicily throughout history are reflected upon through different time scales to give context to the spatial network analysis of the Morello Valley. Furthermore, links between people and landscape are also contemplated through the notion of affordances. Throughout the thesis, the methodology of spatial analyses is being assessed. The aim is to put emphasis on the practical process of analysing landscape and spatiality through networks, while at the same time analysing the connectedness of the Morello Valley.

When arriving to a new city one can have a hard time finding a place to stay or overall feel lost and a lack of belonging; A problem which could be solved through architecture by providing young people in the same situation: a temporary home and friends to keep when moving out, also local events: inviting in established citizens already having a network in which they can take you in.My architectural solution follows three requirements which I’ve set: 1. Even though there is no land shortage, one should utilize existing urbanized spaces. 2. Leaving spaces for action, interaction and dwelling (instead of a maximized footprint for profit). 3. A balanced relation between private, public and community areas.The research leading up to this included advantages and disadvantages of skyscrapers, the basic human needs for fulfillment, recreational areas providing for it and lastly contemporary architectural projects that have accomplished such.To start off the design process of the studio project a central parking lot was selected to be transformed into an intersecting node of the city areas, creating a city network. After exploring possible mass-void and private-public configurations of the plot, the final variant was motivated by sun studies as it has the most sun exposure and least shadow. It was also the most fun, warm and welcoming form, where the curves move you on the plot. Lastly, the program consists of a mixed use of housing, common spaces and recreational areas, with different activities of differing scale.

We dispose of things when they fall out of style, when taste changes, when they break or when we can no longer find a use for them. Sometimes, we sell things when we see value in them. Sometimes we recycle. Sometimes we feed the landfill — the meeting point for materials that have lost their utility. Many of them have the potential to serve their use much longer than having just one life as one object. My degree project investigates what role disassembly plays in the lifespan of a material. Can it support the recovery and subsequent use of matter? Whose responsibility is to take care of an object’s afterlife? By researching the possibilities of exchanging fixed pieces of joinery for detachable ones, my project reinvents the way we attach materials based on forces such as tension, pressure and gravity. Can joinery invite us to disassemble?

This thesis uses GIS and spatial analysis to study connections in the archaeological landscape of the Morello Valley, in the Enna province in Sicily (Italy). To identify potential social relations, the idea of social networks is adapted into the spatial network analysis. The spatiality of 42 sites with archaeological layers from Mid-to Late Neolithic until Medieval times are explored by looking at intervisibility, movement and accessibility. A historical map is used to reconstruct hydrology, and spatial data is accessed to include ancient paths and sulphur resources. Phenomenological methods are also used to describe the landscape and applied in GIS and spatial analysis to explore how people may have related to their environment. Local and external contacts in Sicily throughout history are reflected upon through different time scales to give context to the spatial network analysis of the Morello Valley. Furthermore, links between people and landscape are also contemplated through the notion of affordances. Throughout the thesis, the methodology of spatial analyses is being assessed. The aim is to put emphasis on the practical process of analysing landscape and spatiality through networks, while at the same time analysing the connectedness of the Morello Valley.

When arriving to a new city one can have a hard time finding a place to stay or overall feel lost and a lack of belonging; A problem which could be solved through architecture by providing young people in the same situation: a temporary home and friends to keep when moving out, also local events: inviting in established citizens already having a network in which they can take you in.My architectural solution follows three requirements which I’ve set: 1. Even though there is no land shortage, one should utilize existing urbanized spaces. 2. Leaving spaces for action, interaction and dwelling (instead of a maximized footprint for profit). 3. A balanced relation between private, public and community areas.The research leading up to this included advantages and disadvantages of skyscrapers, the basic human needs for fulfillment, recreational areas providing for it and lastly contemporary architectural projects that have accomplished such.To start off the design process of the studio project a central parking lot was selected to be transformed into an intersecting node of the city areas, creating a city network. After exploring possible mass-void and private-public configurations of the plot, the final variant was motivated by sun studies as it has the most sun exposure and least shadow. It was also the most fun, warm and welcoming form, where the curves move you on the plot. Lastly, the program consists of a mixed use of housing, common spaces and recreational areas, with different activities of differing scale.

Objective: This study explored the Swedish digital health testbeds through the lens of complexity science. Methods: The purposive sampling was used to identify 38 digital health testbed organizations to conduct interviews in written or audio-conferencing. The interview responses were aggregated and analyzed using thematic analysis. The themes were mainly generated through complexity theory and the principles of complex adaptive systems. Results: Fifteen testbed organizations responded, comprising 13 written responses and two audio-conferencing. Five maintheoretical themes were generated: agents and diversity, connections and communication, adaptation and learning, perturbations,and path dependence. Agents and diversity depicted different types of testbeds, stakeholders and innovation, and the primary function and purpose of the testbeds. Various factors enhancing connections and communications among multiple stakeholders were identified, such as the quality of e-health solutions and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Some adaptation and learning factors, such as internal reorganization, sharing and creating learning opportunities, and additional funding, guaranteed the sustainability of testbeds. Perturbations were characterized by two factors: non-linear interactions – lack of commitment and transparency in stakeholders’ engagement, and uncertainty about testbed definitions and concepts. Path dependence highlighted the importance of history, such as previous positive and negative experiences. Conclusion: This study provided insights into testbeds’ organization, their functions, how various aspects were challenged,and how they adapted to overcome and improve the system issues. Identifying the stakeholders and relevant factors, commissioning an evaluation, backing up with a contingency plan, securing adequate funding, and disseminating the findings can improve the testbeds’ design and implementation., eHealth Arena

We dispose of things when they fall out of style, when taste changes, when they break or when we can no longer find a use for them. Sometimes, we sell things when we see value in them. Sometimes we recycle. Sometimes we feed the landfill — the meeting point for materials that have lost their utility. Many of them have the potential to serve their use much longer than having just one life as one object. My degree project investigates what role disassembly plays in the lifespan of a material. Can it support the recovery and subsequent use of matter? Whose responsibility is to take care of an object’s afterlife? By researching the possibilities of exchanging fixed pieces of joinery for detachable ones, my project reinvents the way we attach materials based on forces such as tension, pressure and gravity. Can joinery invite us to disassemble?

Números (em 1928), o qual afirma que E(Q) é um grupo abeliano finitamentegerado. O teorema de estrutura para grupos finitamente gerados garante que é possível decompor o grupo E(Q) na forma E(Q)=E(Q)_{tor} ⊕ Z^r, onde E(Q)_{tor} é o subgrupo de pontos de torção (elementos de ordem finito) eré um número inteiro chamado o posto de E(Q) (posto algébrico da curva elíptica, é um invariante da curva). Por outro lado, um número racional é dito congruente se ele representa a área de um triângulo retângulo cujos lados são números racionais. O problema dos Números Congruentes consiste precisamente em determinar se um dado número racional é congruente ou não. Neste trabalho apresentamos este problema e discutimos um resultado que estabelece a relaçãoentre Números Congruentes e Curvas Elípticas., Números (em 1928), o qual afirma que E(Q) é um grupo abeliano finitamentegerado. O teorema de estrutura para grupos finitamente gerados garante que é possível decompor o grupo E(Q) na forma E(Q)=E(Q)_{tor} ⊕ Z^r, onde E(Q)_{tor} é o subgrupo de pontos de torção (elementos de ordem finito) eré um número inteiro chamado o posto de E(Q) (posto algébrico da curva elíptica, é um invariante da curva). Por outro lado, um número racional é dito congruente se ele representa a área de um triângulo retângulo cujos lados são números racionais. O problema dos Números Congruentes consiste precisamente em determinar se um dado número racional é congruente ou não. Neste trabalho apresentamos este problema e discutimos um resultado que estabelece a relaçãoentre Números Congruentes e Curvas Elípticas., Las Curvas Elípticas ha sido muy usadas para el tratamiento de problemas importantes como la Criptografia, el Problema de Empacotamiento de Esferas, el Problema de los Números Congruentes, entre otros. Una de las principales características de una Curva Elíptica E es que el conjunto de sus puntos racionales, E(Q), tiene una estructura de grupo abeliano finitamente generado. Especificamente se tiene el famoso teorema demostrado por Mordell, para Curvas Elípticas Racionales, (en 1922) e generalizado por Weil para Curvas Elípticas sobre Cuerpos de Números (en1928), el cual afirma que E(Q) es un grupo abeliano finitamente generado. El teorema de estructura para grupos finitamente generados garantiza que es posible descomponer el grupo E(Q) en la  formaE(Q) = E(Q)_{tor} + Z}^r, donde E(Q)_{tor} es el subgrupo de puntos de torção (elementos de orden finito) e r es un número entero llamado el rango de E(Q) (rango algébraico de la curva elíptica,  un invariante de la curva). Por otro lado, un número racional es llamado congruente se el representa el área de un triângulo rectângulo cuyos lados son números racionales. El problema de los Números Congruentes consiste precisamente en determinar se un determinado número racional es congruente o no. En este trabajo presentamos este problema y discutimos un resultado que establece la relacion entre Números Congruentes y Curvas Elípticas.

Prokaryotic genomes evolve via horizontal gene transfer (HGT), mutations, and rearrangements. HGT is a mechanism that plays a significant role in prokaryotic evolution and leads to biodiversity in nature. One of the important components of HGT is the genomic island (GI) which is a subsequence of the genome created by HGT. This research aims to identify the structures of the prokaryotic GIs that have a fundamental role in the adoption of prokaryotes and the impact of the species on the environment. Previous computational biology research has focused on developing tools that detect GIs in prokaryotic genomes, while there is little research investigating GI structure. This research introduces a novel idea that has not yet been addressed intensively, which is identifying additional structures of the GIs in prokaryotes. There are two main directions in this research used to study the prokaryotic GIs structure from each different perspective. In the first direction, the aim is to investigate GI patterns and the existence of biological connections across bacterial phyla in terms of GIs on a large scale. This direction mainly aims to pursue the novel idea of connecting GIs across prokaryotic and phage genomes via patterns of protein families across many species. A pattern is a sequence of protein families that is found to frequently occur in the genomes of a number of species. Here the large data set available from the IslandViewer4 database and protein families from the Pfam database have been combined. Furthermore, implementing a comprehensive strategy to identify patterns that makes use of HMMER, BLAST, and MUSCLE; also implement Python programs that link the analysis into a single pipeline. Research results demonstrate that related GIs often exist in multiple species that are not evolutionarily related and indeed may be from multiple bacterial phyla. Analysis of the discovered patterns led to the identification of biological connections among prokaryotes and phages thro

This paper studies a new mechanism that allows political elites from a nondemocratic regime to survive a democratic transition: connections. Wedocument this mechanism in the transition from the Vichy regime to democracy in post-World War II France. The parliamentarians who had supported the Vichy regime were purged in a two-stage process where each case was judged twice by two different courts. Using a difference-in-differences strategy, we show that Law graduates, a powerful social group in French politics with strong connections to one of the two courts, had a clearance rate that was 10 percentage points higher than others. This facilitated the persistence of that elite group. A systematic analysis of 17,589 documents from the defendants' dossiers is consistent with the hypothesis that the connections of Law graduates to one of the two courts were a major driver of their ability to avoid the purge. We consider and rule out alternative mechanisms., info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Objective: This study explored the Swedish digital health testbeds through the lens of complexity science. Methods: The purposive sampling was used to identify 38 digital health testbed organizations to conduct interviews in written or audio-conferencing. The interview responses were aggregated and analyzed using thematic analysis. The themes were mainly generated through complexity theory and the principles of complex adaptive systems. Results: Fifteen testbed organizations responded, comprising 13 written responses and two audio-conferencing. Five maintheoretical themes were generated: agents and diversity, connections and communication, adaptation and learning, perturbations,and path dependence. Agents and diversity depicted different types of testbeds, stakeholders and innovation, and the primary function and purpose of the testbeds. Various factors enhancing connections and communications among multiple stakeholders were identified, such as the quality of e-health solutions and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Some adaptation and learning factors, such as internal reorganization, sharing and creating learning opportunities, and additional funding, guaranteed the sustainability of testbeds. Perturbations were characterized by two factors: non-linear interactions – lack of commitment and transparency in stakeholders’ engagement, and uncertainty about testbed definitions and concepts. Path dependence highlighted the importance of history, such as previous positive and negative experiences. Conclusion: This study provided insights into testbeds’ organization, their functions, how various aspects were challenged,and how they adapted to overcome and improve the system issues. Identifying the stakeholders and relevant factors, commissioning an evaluation, backing up with a contingency plan, securing adequate funding, and disseminating the findings can improve the testbeds’ design and implementation., eHealth Arena

Objective: This study explored the Swedish digital health testbeds through the lens of complexity science. Methods: The purposive sampling was used to identify 38 digital health testbed organizations to conduct interviews in written or audio-conferencing. The interview responses were aggregated and analyzed using thematic analysis. The themes were mainly generated through complexity theory and the principles of complex adaptive systems. Results: Fifteen testbed organizations responded, comprising 13 written responses and two audio-conferencing. Five maintheoretical themes were generated: agents and diversity, connections and communication, adaptation and learning, perturbations,and path dependence. Agents and diversity depicted different types of testbeds, stakeholders and innovation, and the primary function and purpose of the testbeds. Various factors enhancing connections and communications among multiple stakeholders were identified, such as the quality of e-health solutions and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Some adaptation and learning factors, such as internal reorganization, sharing and creating learning opportunities, and additional funding, guaranteed the sustainability of testbeds. Perturbations were characterized by two factors: non-linear interactions – lack of commitment and transparency in stakeholders’ engagement, and uncertainty about testbed definitions and concepts. Path dependence highlighted the importance of history, such as previous positive and negative experiences. Conclusion: This study provided insights into testbeds’ organization, their functions, how various aspects were challenged,and how they adapted to overcome and improve the system issues. Identifying the stakeholders and relevant factors, commissioning an evaluation, backing up with a contingency plan, securing adequate funding, and disseminating the findings can improve the testbeds’ design and implementation., eHealth Arena

[ES] El planteamiento del proyecto apuesta por la conexión, por el establecimiento de relaciones, y por la ruptura de las barreras existentes entre los pueblos de Alfafar y Benetúser gracias a un esponjamiento del límite ferroviario. La estación de tren, centro de la intervención, permite claramente trabajar con estas cuestiones gracias a la creación de dos grandes plazas escalonadas que hacen a la vez de nexo entre las poblaciones y de acceso a la estación. Por otro lado se propone un programa complementario, un centro cultural situado a caballo entre ambos territorios, que se mimetiza con el entorno y sale de la tierra como si de un único ente se tratase. Las distintas salas del centro cultural van acompañando el paseo y permiten establecer una conexión total gracias a las terrazas y plataformas que configuran el espacio., [EN] The approach of the project bets on the connection, for the establishment of relations, and for the rupture of the existing barriers between the towns of Alfafar and Benetúser thanks to an overlapping of the railway limit. The train station, the center of the intervention, clearly allows to work with these issues thanks to the creation of two large squares that make at the same time a connection between the towns and access to the station. On the other hand, a complementary program is proposed, a cultural center located between the two territories, which mimics the environment and leaves the land as if it were a single entity. The different rooms of the cultural center accompany the walk and allow to establish a total connection thanks to the terraces and platforms that make up the space.

[ES] El planteamiento del proyecto apuesta por la conexión, por el establecimiento de relaciones, y por la ruptura de las barreras existentes entre los pueblos de Alfafar y Benetúser gracias a un esponjamiento del límite ferroviario. La estación de tren, centro de la intervención, permite claramente trabajar con estas cuestiones gracias a la creación de dos grandes plazas escalonadas que hacen a la vez de nexo entre las poblaciones y de acceso a la estación. Por otro lado se propone un programa complementario, un centro cultural situado a caballo entre ambos territorios, que se mimetiza con el entorno y sale de la tierra como si de un único ente se tratase. Las distintas salas del centro cultural van acompañando el paseo y permiten establecer una conexión total gracias a las terrazas y plataformas que configuran el espacio., [EN] The approach of the project bets on the connection, for the establishment of relations, and for the rupture of the existing barriers between the towns of Alfafar and Benetúser thanks to an overlapping of the railway limit. The train station, the center of the intervention, clearly allows to work with these issues thanks to the creation of two large squares that make at the same time a connection between the towns and access to the station. On the other hand, a complementary program is proposed, a cultural center located between the two territories, which mimics the environment and leaves the land as if it were a single entity. The different rooms of the cultural center accompany the walk and allow to establish a total connection thanks to the terraces and platforms that make up the space.

[ES] El planteamiento del proyecto apuesta por la conexión, por el establecimiento de relaciones, y por la ruptura de las barreras existentes entre los pueblos de Alfafar y Benetúser gracias a un esponjamiento del límite ferroviario. La estación de tren, centro de la intervención, permite claramente trabajar con estas cuestiones gracias a la creación de dos grandes plazas escalonadas que hacen a la vez de nexo entre las poblaciones y de acceso a la estación. Por otro lado se propone un programa complementario, un centro cultural situado a caballo entre ambos territorios, que se mimetiza con el entorno y sale de la tierra como si de un único ente se tratase. Las distintas salas del centro cultural van acompañando el paseo y permiten establecer una conexión total gracias a las terrazas y plataformas que configuran el espacio., [EN] The approach of the project bets on the connection, for the establishment of relations, and for the rupture of the existing barriers between the towns of Alfafar and Benetúser thanks to an overlapping of the railway limit. The train station, the center of the intervention, clearly allows to work with these issues thanks to the creation of two large squares that make at the same time a connection between the towns and access to the station. On the other hand, a complementary program is proposed, a cultural center located between the two territories, which mimics the environment and leaves the land as if it were a single entity. The different rooms of the cultural center accompany the walk and allow to establish a total connection thanks to the terraces and platforms that make up the space.

[ES] El planteamiento del proyecto apuesta por la conexión, por el establecimiento de relaciones, y por la ruptura de las barreras existentes entre los pueblos de Alfafar y Benetúser gracias a un esponjamiento del límite ferroviario. La estación de tren, centro de la intervención, permite claramente trabajar con estas cuestiones gracias a la creación de dos grandes plazas escalonadas que hacen a la vez de nexo entre las poblaciones y de acceso a la estación. Por otro lado se propone un programa complementario, un centro cultural situado a caballo entre ambos territorios, que se mimetiza con el entorno y sale de la tierra como si de un único ente se tratase. Las distintas salas del centro cultural van acompañando el paseo y permiten establecer una conexión total gracias a las terrazas y plataformas que configuran el espacio., [EN] The approach of the project bets on the connection, for the establishment of relations, and for the rupture of the existing barriers between the towns of Alfafar and Benetúser thanks to an overlapping of the railway limit. The train station, the center of the intervention, clearly allows to work with these issues thanks to the creation of two large squares that make at the same time a connection between the towns and access to the station. On the other hand, a complementary program is proposed, a cultural center located between the two territories, which mimics the environment and leaves the land as if it were a single entity. The different rooms of the cultural center accompany the walk and allow to establish a total connection thanks to the terraces and platforms that make up the space.

The first essay shows that academic directors significantly increase firms' innovation. Following an academic director's death and relative to a non-academic director's death, the average firm reduces the number of citation-weighted patent applications by 30.7%. The number of patent applications also increases when an academic director becomes less busy after another company she holds directorship is acquired. Consistent with an advising channel, academic directors in STEM disciplines are particularly pro-innovation. In line with monitoring channels, firms with academic directors tend to dismiss CEOs who do not innovate and restrict real earnings management that waste financial resources. The relation between academic directors and innovation is not driven by PhD CEOs or non-academic PhD directors. Academic directors are associated with higher firm value at firms where innovation is more important but not at other firms. Overall, our results highlight the vital advising and monitoring roles academic directors play in corporate innovation. The second essay finds that pre-existing professional ties with a firm's board significantly increase a CEO candidate's probability of being hired by the firm. Considering all CEOs hired this year as potential candidates, a board-connection corresponds to a 152% increase in the probability the candidate is selected as CEO. Consistent with the hypothesis that boards select connected candidates to increase shareholder value, we find significantly greater firm performance improvement after CEO turnovers for firms hiring connected CEOs than those hiring unconnected CEOs. Further, the performance increases are significant only among firms with severe information asymmetry, large CEO termination risk, and high coordination costs. We also find that connected CEOs make better acquisitions than unconnected CEOs. These results suggest connected hiring increases firm performance because it reduces information asymmetry, CEO termination risk

Objective: This study explored the Swedish digital health testbeds through the lens of complexity science. Methods: The purposive sampling was used to identify 38 digital health testbed organizations to conduct interviews in written or audio-conferencing. The interview responses were aggregated and analyzed using thematic analysis. The themes were mainly generated through complexity theory and the principles of complex adaptive systems. Results: Fifteen testbed organizations responded, comprising 13 written responses and two audio-conferencing. Five maintheoretical themes were generated: agents and diversity, connections and communication, adaptation and learning, perturbations,and path dependence. Agents and diversity depicted different types of testbeds, stakeholders and innovation, and the primary function and purpose of the testbeds. Various factors enhancing connections and communications among multiple stakeholders were identified, such as the quality of e-health solutions and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Some adaptation and learning factors, such as internal reorganization, sharing and creating learning opportunities, and additional funding, guaranteed the sustainability of testbeds. Perturbations were characterized by two factors: non-linear interactions – lack of commitment and transparency in stakeholders’ engagement, and uncertainty about testbed definitions and concepts. Path dependence highlighted the importance of history, such as previous positive and negative experiences. Conclusion: This study provided insights into testbeds’ organization, their functions, how various aspects were challenged,and how they adapted to overcome and improve the system issues. Identifying the stakeholders and relevant factors, commissioning an evaluation, backing up with a contingency plan, securing adequate funding, and disseminating the findings can improve the testbeds’ design and implementation., eHealth Arena

Objective: This study explored the Swedish digital health testbeds through the lens of complexity science. Methods: The purposive sampling was used to identify 38 digital health testbed organizations to conduct interviews in written or audio-conferencing. The interview responses were aggregated and analyzed using thematic analysis. The themes were mainly generated through complexity theory and the principles of complex adaptive systems. Results: Fifteen testbed organizations responded, comprising 13 written responses and two audio-conferencing. Five maintheoretical themes were generated: agents and diversity, connections and communication, adaptation and learning, perturbations,and path dependence. Agents and diversity depicted different types of testbeds, stakeholders and innovation, and the primary function and purpose of the testbeds. Various factors enhancing connections and communications among multiple stakeholders were identified, such as the quality of e-health solutions and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Some adaptation and learning factors, such as internal reorganization, sharing and creating learning opportunities, and additional funding, guaranteed the sustainability of testbeds. Perturbations were characterized by two factors: non-linear interactions – lack of commitment and transparency in stakeholders’ engagement, and uncertainty about testbed definitions and concepts. Path dependence highlighted the importance of history, such as previous positive and negative experiences. Conclusion: This study provided insights into testbeds’ organization, their functions, how various aspects were challenged,and how they adapted to overcome and improve the system issues. Identifying the stakeholders and relevant factors, commissioning an evaluation, backing up with a contingency plan, securing adequate funding, and disseminating the findings can improve the testbeds’ design and implementation., eHealth Arena

Extended keynote paper of Eurosteel 2021. This article provides an overview of the various support structures for offshore wind turbines and addresses the challenges that arise for the different design variants. First of all, the existing types of support structures are explained and their benefits and shortcomings discussed. Following that, the focus is on material fatigue and its analysis, which is of great importance due to the cyclic loading on the structures. A central topic of this article is the experimental evaluation of fatigue strength using large-scale test setups and state-of-the-art measurement methods. Critical and complex design details such as welds for extremely thick plates, tubular joints, grouted connections, large HV bolts and ring flanges are investigated to improve methods of analysis. Further, the new series of German standards (DIN 18088) for support structures for wind energy turbines and platforms is addressed. Finally, these topics are summarized and the importance of offshore wind energy for the transition to cleaner energy is emphasized.

The presented project aims to develop prototypes for building connections inspired by the furniture and interior industry and explore them with representatives from the timber construction industry. The long-term vision is that actors from furniture and building industry together develop a smart system for assembly of building elements, which provide higher precision, faster and more efficient assembly than what is available today. The prototype connection developed in this project shows that the idea is ripe for full-scale investigation. Laboratory tests showed promising results due to the high failure loads obtained with very high stiffness., QC 20220603

This paper presents the results of an experimental study conducted on multiple-shear joints consisting of gusset plates made of either LVL or plywood connected to the timber members by means of full-threaded self-tapping screw. Both hardwood and softwood timber based gusset plates with different thickness and face grain orientations were investigated. The results show that this type of connection has an excellent structural performance, with not very dissimilar strength from that of comparable connections which makes use of slotted-in steel plates and dowels. It is believed, therefore, that the proposed solution can be a valid alternative to the more traditional timber connection with slotted-in steel plates and dowels., QC 20220603

Building elements are required to provide sufficient fire resistance based on requirements set forth in the National Building Code of Canada (NBCC). Annex B of the Canadian standard for wood engineering design (CSA O86-19) provides a design methodology to calculate the structural fireresistance of large cross-section timber elements. However, it lacks at providing design provisions for connections. The objectives of this study are to understand the fire performance of modern mass timber fasteners such as self-tapping screws, namely to evaluate their thermo-mechanical behavior and to predict their structural fire-resistance for standard fire exposure up to 2 h, as would be required for tall buildings in Canada. The results present the great fire performance of using self-tapping screws under a long time exposure on connections in mass timber construction. The smaller heated area of the exposed surface has limited thermal conduction along the fastener’s shanks and maintained their temperature profiles relatively low for two hours of exposure. Based on the heat-affected area, the study presents new design principles to determine the residual length of penetration that would provide adequate load-capacity of the fastener under fire conditions. It also allows determining safe fire-resistance values for unprotected fasteners in mass timber construction exposed up to two hours of standard fire exposure.