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The city of Milan stands today as a prominent model of sustainable urban development. Yet, beneath its allure lies a paradox: the quest for 'green' and 'smart' development has exacerbated privatization and fueled debates on green gentrification, social equity, and urban accessibility. This research explores the emerging impacts of large-scale green urbanization intervention in the Bovisa district using the theory of urban environmental justice, green gentrification, and right to the city. Through 17 semi-structured interviews, it clarifies citizens' perspectives on the social, economic, and environmental complexities of the redevelopment. The findings reveal a mismatch between developers’ vision and the desires and needs of residents, raising significant questions about the right to the city, and access to and perceived value of green spaces. The prevalent concern that Bovisa will become an enclave of environmental privilege underscores the need for the Milan Model to integrate citizens’ lived experiences into governance processes.

There are many children who live in situations of social vulnerability today in Brazil, and, consequently, their Right to the City, understood as a social right, has been violated. This scenario demonstrates the importance of  interdisciplinary practice  to minimize inequalities and guarantee the rights of this population through diverse knowledge. This research aims to analyze the perceptions of socially vulnerable children who are assisteed by the  basic social protection service in Brazil about the city and territory in which they live. A qualitative methodology was used, through “activity workshops”,  technique  of Occupational Therapy in the social area. Social Brazilian Occupational Therapy has consolidated work with populations in situations of social vulnerability, including  using territorial by children  in order to  increase autonomy and social participation of individuals  and collectives. As  finds, the research showed the limited use of the territory by children, due to social, economic and spatial obstacles. This demonstrates the need for services, such as social assistance, to guarantee and reflect on the importance of the rights and use of cities and public spaces for children., Son muchos los niños que viven hoy en situaciones de vulnerabilidad social en Brasil y, en consecuencia, su Derecho a la Ciudad, entendido como un derecho social, ha sido violado. Este escenario demuestra la importancia del trabajo interdisciplinario en la búsqueda de minimizar las desigualdades y garantizar los derechos de esta población a través de conocimientos diversos. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar las percepciones de niños socialmente vulnerables que asisten a un servicio básico de protección social en Brasil sobre la ciudad y el territorio en el que viven. Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa, a través de “talleres de actividades”, técnica de investigación e intervención específica de la Terapia Ocupacional en el área social. La Terapia Social Ocupacional ha consolidado el trabajo con poblaciones en situación de vulnerabilidad social, incluyendo el trabajo con niños utilizando acciones territoriales como forma de buscar la autonomía y la participación social de sujetos y colectivos. Como resultado, la investigación mostró el uso limitado del territorio por parte de los niños, quienes tienen cruces sociales, económicos y espaciales por este factor. Esto demuestra la necesidad de que los servicios de asistencia social garanticen y reflexionen sobre la importancia del derecho y uso de las ciudades y los espacios públicos para los niños., São muitas as crianças que vivem em situação de vulnerabilidade social hoje no Brasil, e, consequentemente, têm o Direito à Cidade, entendido como um direito social, violado. Esse cenário demonstra a importância do trabalho interdisciplinar na busca de minimizar as desigualdades e garantir os direitos dessa população por meio de diversos saberes. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar as percepções das crianças em vulnerabilidade social frequentadoras de um serviço da proteção social básica no Brasil sobre a cidade e o território em que vivem. Foi utilizada uma metodologia qualitativa, por meio das “oficinas de atividades”, recurso esse que caracteriza a atuação da Terapia Ocupacional na área social. A Terapia Ocupacional Social tem uma atuação consolidada com populações em situação de vulnerabilidade social, incluindo o trabalho com as infâncias utilizando-se das ações territoriais como forma de buscar a autonomia e a participação social de sujeitos e coletivos. Como resultado, a pesquisa mostrou o uso limitado do território pelas crianças, as quais possuem atravessamentos sociais, econômicos e espaciais para esse fator. Isso demonstra a necessidade de serviços, como da assistência social, de garantirem e refletirem sobre a importância do direito e do uso das cidades e espaços públicos para as infâncias., São muitas as crianças que vivem em situação de vulnerabilidade social hoje no Brasil, e, consequentemente, têm o Direito à Cidade, entendido como um direito social, violado. Esse cenário demonstra a importância do trabalho interdisciplinar na busca de minimizar as desigualdades e garantir os direitos dessa população por meio de diversos saberes. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar as percepções das crianças em vulnerabilidade social frequentadoras de um serviço da proteção social básica no Brasil sobre a cidade e o território em que vivem. Foi utilizada uma metodologia qualitativa, por meio das “oficinas de atividades”, recurso esse que caracteriza a atuação da Terapia Ocupacional na área social. A Terapia Ocupacional Social tem uma atuação consolidada com populações em situação de vulnerabilidade social, incluindo o trabalho com as infâncias utilizando-se das ações territoriais como forma de buscar a autonomia e a participação social de sujeitos e coletivos. Como resultado, a pesquisa mostrou o uso limitado do território pelas crianças, as quais possuem atravessamentos sociais, econômicos e espaciais para esse fator. Isso demonstra a necessidade de serviços, como da assistência social, de garantirem e refletirem sobre a importância do direito e do uso das cidades e espaços públicos para as infâncias.

This article presents three types of experimental urban governance projects (Cano Blandón, 2021) led by the Arquitectura Expandida Collective in collaboration with various grassroots urban move-ments. These projects are characterized by the principles of the right to the city (Lefebvre, 1969) and radical and insurgent territorial plan-ning (Miraftab, 2009). (1) Collaborative self-construction projects explore organizational forms for the self-construction and self-man-agement of cultural spaces. (2) They engage in tactical provocation seeking to dynamize urban negotiations with different urban agents in situations of high conflict in public space through the use of fur-niture. (3) Collective cartographies play a significant role, as diverse urban languages—including hip-hop, agriculture, urban sports, or community cinema, among many others—are used to analyze the contradictions between urban culture and urban planning culture, Este artículo expone tres tipos de proyectos de gobernanza urba-na experimental (Cano Blandón 2021) liderados por el colectivo Arquitectura Expandida, en articulación con distintos movimientos urbanos de base y caracterizados por los principios del derecho a la ciudad (Lefebvre 1969) y de la planificación radical e insurgente del territorio (Miraftab 2009): (1) Autoconstrucción colaborativa, que explora formas de organización para la autoconstrucción y autoges-tión de espacios culturales; (2) Provocación táctica, que busca dina-mizar, a través de mobiliarios, negociaciones urbanas con distintos agentes urbanos en situaciones de alto conflicto en el espacio pú-blico; y (3) Cartografías colectivas, en las que se analizan, a través de lenguajes urbanos diversos —que incluyen hip hop, agricultu-ra, deportes urbanos o cine comunitario, entre muchos otros— las contradicciones entre la cultura urbana y la cultura urbanística

Since the early 1980s, urban social movements in Brazil have played a key role in changing urban policy across the country. In the lead up Brazil’s democratization process following twenty years of dictatorship (1964–1985), these movements were key in approving a ‘citizens’ Constitution in 1988, and later, in promulgating the 2001 law known as the Statute of the City to improve conditions in Brazilian cities. While much is known about social movements in Brazil, this chapter considers Brazil’s urban social movements in perspective, showing: (1) the importance of debates on the right to the city and a rights and legal emphasis among these movements; (2) the growing challenges in Brazil’s urban reform project; and (3) recent struggles involving urban transformations which reflect ideas of insurgent planning. Through this analysis, I highlight a series of paradoxes framing Brazil’s trajectory of urban transformations.

Históricamente, las mujeres han encontrado diversas maneras para redefinir y revalorizar los entornos naturales. Propuestas que han estado caracterizadas por la representación, recalificación o resignificación de la naturaleza, trascendiendo a la cuestión de forma, belleza o al puro aprovechamiento visual para enfocarse en una comprensión real y compleja: la necesaria interacción y dependencia que tenemos los seres humanos como especie, con otras especies, y con el ecosistema. Conceptos como la simbología, el bien común, la memoria, la participación, los espacios propios para la creación y el entendimiento, y también para el desarrollo personal y colectivo, hilvanan la primera parte del presente artículo a través de distintas formas de aproximación a la naturaleza, la mayoría de ellas no reconocidas en absoluto por la historiografía de la arquitectura y el paisajismo, que las ha relegado de sus discursos hegemónicos y, por tanto, a una condición periférica. Se trata, sin embargo, de una selección histórica de posiciones políticas a través del paisaje: proyectos pensados desde la experiencia y desde la práctica de mujeres paisajistas, arquitectas, artistas o activistas motivadas por valores integrales y de fondo para un uso igualitario de los espacios naturales. Se propone un segundo apartado que arriba en el caso concreto del diseño del paisaje realizado por mujeres en Cataluña. Una breve antología, con el propósito de reivindicar actuaciones y protagonistas para ser analizadas desde claves comunes con los relatos históricos de la primera parte. La arquitectura del paisaje en Cataluña es actualmente un ámbito consolidado y reconocido profesional y académicamente. Existen estructuras y mecanismos al servicio de su especialización, así como ofertas educativas, observatorios institucionales y organismos internacionales enfocados en el ámbito del paisaje y los retos futuros. De la denominada Escuela de Barcelona y su posterior contexto sociopolítico y académico, surgier, Throughout history, women have found different ways to redefine and revalorize natural environments. These have been proposals that have been shaped by the representation, requalification or resignification of nature, which have transcended the issue of appearance, aesthetics or pure visual use to focus on a real and complex understanding: the necessary interaction and dependency that we humans have as a specie, with other species, and with the environment. The first part of this article is threaded through different ways of interacting with nature, most of them completely unrecognised by the historiography of architecture and landscaping, through concepts such as symbology, the common weal, memory, participation, spaces for creation and understanding, as well as personal and collective growth. Being neglected by prevailing discourses and, therefore, relegated to a peripheral status, it is, however, a historical selection of political positions across the landscape: projects based on the experience and practice of women landscape designers, architects, artists, and activists driven by integral and fundamental values. A second section is proposed that focuses on the specific case of landscape design in Catalonia and carried out by women. A brief anthology is collected in order to vindicate actions and protagonists capable of being analyzed from common keys with the historical stories of the first part. Landscape architecture in Catalonia is nowadays consolidated and recognized as an academic and professional field. There are structures and mechanisms for its specialization, as well as educational offers, institutional observatories and international organizations focused on the field of landscape and addressing future challenges. From the so-called Escuela de Barcelona and its later socio-political and academic context, other architectural narratives and expressions emerged from women graduates or influenced by this School, which are part of the origin and legacy of

The following research study takes the form of a nomadic and exploritative voyage, centered around the urban photowalk. In an effort to decipher the intricate relationship between people and places—the social and the spatial—the study aims to shed light on the social dimensions of urban photography, in relation to spatial practices within the urban built environment. The research is anchored to a distinct theoretical framework, in which established principles are woven into an exploritative context. On this basis, the study examines the use of walking-based strategies as a toolkit for understanding contemporary urban space as an embodied experience (Careri, 2017). The research also draws on Henri Lefebvre’s notions concerning the right to the city and the production of space, delving into matters of possession, perception and appropriation from a citizen perspective (Purcell, 2002). At the heart of the research lies an empirical field study, carried out in the city of Toronto, Canada through experiential means of observation. The field study comprises a series of participatory photowalks, designed and conducted in order to examine the urban photowalk from a methodological point of view. By implementing Careri’s theories on walking-based strategies, the research seeks to embody the conceivable impacts of photowalking on social and spatial relations, at a human scale; this, in turn, illustrates how the urban photowalk can aid the production of temporary and improvised spaces in public urban settings, in order to catalyze social interaction and communal exchange. In parallel, the study encompasses research on how photowalking can provide a hands-on method, which can be used by city dwellers to take possession of urban public space, as well as claim and distribute their right to the city.

The consolidation of public opinion as an extra-institutional sphere endowed with political functions and legitimacy and the growing complexity and scale of cities motivate reflection on the role of the press and other media in the area of urban policy. The proposal may seem obvious, but it has not received adequate academic or political attention. We then proposed an analysis on the participation of media actors in the urban environment, in particular in the development of participatory urbanism. The press becomes a control mechanism for planning and as a foundation for civic education, therefore, as a fundamental vector of urban environment, beyond their work as sources of information, democratic surveillance and co-producers of a media genius loci., La consolidación de la opinión pública como esfera extrainstitucional dotada de funciones y legitimidad políticas y la creciente complejidad y escala de las ciudades motivan la reflexión sobre el papel de la prensa y de otros medios de comunicación en el ámbito de la política urbana. La propuesta puede parecer obvia, pero no ha recibido una adecuada atención académica o política. Planteamos entonces un análisis sobre la participación de los actores mediáticos en el medio urbano, en particular en el desarrollo del urbanismo participativo. La prensa se configura como un dispositivo de control de la planificación y como fundamento de la formación cívica, por tanto, como vector fundamental de la opinión pública urbana. En este contexto delimitamos y definimos las posibles funciones de los media en el entorno urbano, más allá de su labor como fuentes de información, vigilancia democrática y coproductores de un genius loci mediático

The following research study takes the form of a nomadic and exploritative voyage, centered around the urban photowalk. In an effort to decipher the intricate relationship between people and places—the social and the spatial—the study aims to shed light on the social dimensions of urban photography, in relation to spatial practices within the urban built environment. The research is anchored to a distinct theoretical framework, in which established principles are woven into an exploritative context. On this basis, the study examines the use of walking-based strategies as a toolkit for understanding contemporary urban space as an embodied experience (Careri, 2017). The research also draws on Henri Lefebvre’s notions concerning the right to the city and the production of space, delving into matters of possession, perception and appropriation from a citizen perspective (Purcell, 2002). At the heart of the research lies an empirical field study, carried out in the city of Toronto, Canada through experiential means of observation. The field study comprises a series of participatory photowalks, designed and conducted in order to examine the urban photowalk from a methodological point of view. By implementing Careri’s theories on walking-based strategies, the research seeks to embody the conceivable impacts of photowalking on social and spatial relations, at a human scale; this, in turn, illustrates how the urban photowalk can aid the production of temporary and improvised spaces in public urban settings, in order to catalyze social interaction and communal exchange. In parallel, the study encompasses research on how photowalking can provide a hands-on method, which can be used by city dwellers to take possession of urban public space, as well as claim and distribute their right to the city.

Urbanization and densification are growing city populations at the same time as private backyards and green areas are diminished. Consequently, public playgrounds are becoming more important for providing children with opportunities for outdoor play in urban environments. Access to outdoor play promotes children’s development and improves their social, physical and psychological health. The children’s right to play in the city is however far from guaranteed. Urban planning is often dominated by adult perspectives, prioritizing their needs and wants above all else. For children with disabilities the access to spaces within public realms and playgrounds in urban environments is even more limited. This study aims to explore the experiences of children with visual impairments regarding public playgrounds and to analyze opportunities for improvements to their access to and use of these playgrounds. Additionally, the goal is for the study’s results to contribute to a usable matrix for accessibility adaptation for children with visual impairments. To achieve this, the study utilized interviews and field observations conducted together with children with visual impairments and their parents in Karlstad and students with visual impairments and teachers at Ekeskolan in Örebro. During these interviews and field observations children with visual impairments, their parents and teachers shared their experiences and opinions on what is required of public playgrounds in urban environments. Finally, site audits to five public playgrounds in Stockholm city and two public playgrounds in Örebro were conducted to complement the results from the main interviews and field observations of the study. The result of the study indicates that public playgrounds in urban environments need further adaptation to be accessible to children with visual impairments. The playgrounds exhibited a lack of opportunity for children with visual impairments to move and play freely. Furthermore, the

That to the city is a fundamental right that emphasises the importance of people’s access to the opportunities of urban life, including essential services and cultural activities. This contribution argues that mobility of proximity and walkability are essential components of spatial justice, with particular attention to enhancing elderly people’s quality of life. Different strategies to develop more walkable urban environments will be identified through the construction of design scenarios. Facing the challenges that elderly people encounter in walking throughout the city is crucial when urban infrastructural elements are taken into consideration, while solutions acting at a softer level (social and participatory activities), to be effective, should promote walkability for all members of society, regardless of their age or other specific conditions.

In plural and secular societies today, religious communities understand access to public space as a right to the city. Thisright legitimises their status as social actors and, through various notions linked to modernity and transparency, entitlesthem to have a public life and be recognised by others. By examining the case of Bangladeshi Muslims in Lavapiés, oneof Madrid’s multicultural district undergoing intense gentrification and touristification processes, this article analyses theconditions through which this community accesses public space and achieves legitimisation and recognition through different practices and discourses displayed in a variety of events and festivities., Depto. de Antropología Social y Psicología Social, Fac. de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología, TRUE, pub

The purpose of this text is to reflect on the subjectivities that shape the experience of spatial injustice based on the unequal distribution of endowments and resources in the urban space of Granada (Spain). My intention is to show how in Almanjáyar, one of the seven neighborhoods of the Northern District of this city, converge different forces that define this urban enclave as a periphery produced from the ineffectiveness of public housing and local development policies. To this end, I will present the results of an ethnographic research that conceives anthropology as a reflexive and feminist act. From this epistemological approach, I intend to take up the emotions that Almanjáyar arouses in its neighbors to reconstruct the history of the neighborhood and the way in which its inequalities are far from being solely the result of social class fractures. I will thus insist on the need to incorporate the contributions of feminist geography and geography of emotions to reveal the subjectivities that the women of the neighborhood have forged while their right to the city is violated., L'objectif de ce texte est de réfléchir à la subjectivité qui façonne l'expérience de l'injustice spatiale basée sur la distribution inégale des dotations et des ressources dans l'espace urbain de Grenade (Espagne). Mon intention est de montrer comment à Almanjáyar, l'un des sept quartiers du district nord de cette ville, les forces convergent pour définir cette enclave urbaine comme une périphérie produite par l'inefficacité des politiques de logement public et de développement local. A cette fin, je présenterai les résultats d'une recherche ethnographique qui conçoit l'anthropologie comme un acte réflexif et féministe. À partir de cette approche épistémologique, je me propose de reprendre les émotions qu'Almanjáyar suscite chez ses voisins pour reconstruire l'histoire du quartier et la manière dont ses inégalités sont loin d'être uniquement le résultat de fractures de classes sociales. J'insisterai donc sur la nécessité d'intégrer les apports de la géographie et des émotions féministes afin de révéler la subjectivité que les femmes du quartier ont forgée alors que leur droit à la ville est bafoué., O objectivo deste texto é reflectir sobre a subjectividade que molda a experiência da injustiça espacial com base na distribuição desigual de dotações e recursos no espaço urbano de Granada (Espanha). A minha intenção é mostrar como em Almanjáyar, um dos sete bairros do Distrito Norte desta cidade, as forças convergem para definir este enclave urbano como uma periferia produzida pela ineficácia das políticas de habitação pública e de desenvolvimento local. Para tal, apresentarei os resultados de uma investigação etnográfica que concebe a antropologia como um acto reflexivo e feminista. A partir desta abordagem epistemológica, pretendo retomar as emoções que Almanjáyar suscita nos seus vizinhos a fim de reconstruir a história do bairro e a forma como as suas desigualdades estão longe de ser apenas o resultado de fracturas de classe social. Insistirei assim na necessidade de incorporar as contribuições da geografia feminista e das emoções a fim de revelar a subjectividade que as mulheres do bairro forjaram enquanto o seu direito à cidade é violado., El objeto de este texto es reflexionar sobre las subjetividades que configuran la experiencia de la injusticia espacial a partir del reparto desigual de dotaciones y recursos en el espacio urbano de Granada (España). Mi intención es mostrar cómo en Almanjáyar, uno de los siete barrios del Distrito Norte de esta ciudad, confluyen fuerzas que definen este enclave urbano como una periferia producida desde la ineficiencia de las políticas públicas de vivienda y desarrollo local. Para ello, presentaré los resultados de una investigación etnográfica que concibe la antropología como un acto reflexivo y feminista. Desde este enfoque epistemológico, además de tratar de derribar discursos estereotipados sobre la marginación urbana, propongo retomar las emociones que Almanjáyar despierta en sus vecinas para reconstruir la historia del barrio y el modo en que sus desigualdades distan mucho de ser únicamente el resultado de las fracturas de clase social. Insistiré así en la necesidad de incorporar las aportaciones de la geografía feminista y de las emociones para desvelar las subjetividades que las mujeres del barrio han forjado mientras se vulnera su derecho a la ciudad.

En el presente trabajo de investigación, se realiza un análisis sobre la relación que existe entre las cesiones urbanísticas obligatorias incorporadas en los Planes de Ordenamiento Territorial (POT) de Medellín expedidos en los años 2006 y 2014 con la creación y promulgación de normas que generen iniciativas urbanísticas para la transformación, creación y recuperación del espacio público en el Distrito de Medellín. Lo anterior, con la finalidad de determinar si los programas y/o Políticas Públicas sobre espacio público incluidos en los diferentes Acuerdos vigentes en Medellín, han permitido el disfrute efectivo del llamado “Derecho a la Ciudad”., This research paper conducts an analysis of the relation that exists between obligatory urban cessions incorporated within Medellin’s Territorial Distribution Plans (POT in Spanish) from 2006 and 2014 with the creation and disclosure of norms that would generate urbanistic initiatives for the transformation, creation, and recuperation of public spaces in the city. All of this with the aim of determining if the programs and/or public policies on public space that are included in the current Accords of Medellín have allowed the enjoyment of the “right to the city”.

This work responds to isolating urban places, and contributes new ways for thinking about placemaking. Progressing through autoethnography and prototyping, we critique design proposals with Lefebvre’s theory of utopia. There inhabitants can enjoy and shape their place together without risking depletion of their abilities and motivations to do so. The critique produces political sensibilities that help us make sense of common tensions among inhabitants, landowners, and visitors, and generate possible responses. The critique process itself illustrates how designing through critique with theory can help us think in new ways. This paper contributes a display of how design with critical theory can happen, ultimately to support our abilities and motivations to envision and make places of social flourishing that can respond to our socio-environmental crises., QC 20230804

The aim of this study is to analyze 25 fake election posters that have been put up between 2018 and 2022 in Sweden, through a narrative analysis, to gain an insight into how they displace political messages in the public space. The study is also done to gain a deeper understanding of the practice from a media activist perspective and to investigate how these practices renegotiate a traditional form of political communication. These renegotiation practices are theorized in terms of territorialization (Deleuze & Guattari, 1987). In addition, the concept right to the city (Harvey, 2003, 2008; Lefebvre, 1996) is used to understand the city as a public political space. The results of the study show that many fake election posters seem to want to challenge and try to influence their surroundings, although there are differences in what the the election posters specifically want to challenge or criticize. Common characteristics of the practice are activism, criticism, disclosure, disinformation, appropriation, intertextuality, irony, satire, humor, and political standpoints. This also shows that fake election posters can be understood as a type of activism, as there are many similarities with other media activist practices such as culture jamming, street art and graffiti.

This research is about using digital technology in feminist advocacy work addressing violence against women in the city. Violence against women is a wicked problem that affects women’s rights and freedoms. Wicked problems are considered as hard-to-define and difficult to address without an immediate/easy solution. Feminist advocates address violence against women using tactics that include research, lobbying, alliance building, and communication. Advocacy work increasingly involves the use of digital technology; specifically, the use of digital tools for data management and social media platforms to disseminate information for awareness. This use of technology creates a tension between the origins of digital technology in the patriarchal-capitalist system and the purpose of feminist advocacy of dismantling that very system. This research explored this tension through a single case-study of a feminist organisation – Safetipin – and their work in Delhi between 2013-2019. Safetipin, a tech social enterprise, offers digital data management tools for capturing women’s experiences within the city. Working with its advocacy partners, Safetipin supports inclusive urban planning practices that improve women's lives in the city. This research used a rights-based approach and the notion of women’s right to the city to explore Safetipin’s work and identify the patterns of change resulting from this work. Framing the city as a complex adaptive system and using advocacy evaluation as the conceptual framework, this research examined how feminist advocates can create urban change using digital technology. This work is based on a qualitative approach involving the analysis of twenty-three semi-structured interviews with Safetipin’s stakeholders. This research argues for the importance of building the capability of stakeholders/agents within a system to drive systemic change. This argument is based on the understanding that large-scale systemic change depends on people within that sy

This research departs from three intersecting field studies in Berlin, Copenhagen, and Paris, and includes both my interventions in the urban texture and integrations with existing communities working in the subject field of the Right to the City (Lefebvre 1968). The projects explore the mutable “nature” of cities and build on political philosophies which describe egalitarian actions that have shaped what those places could be. Laid out across three chapters (X, Y & Z) are descriptions of work processes for multiple projects that locate a social and spatial phenomenon which I call “the unruly city.” Manufactured keys, trapdoors, dug-out tunnels, informal dissemination, bricolaged furniture, loopholes, pulleys, hatches, and shacks recur throughout the thesis; each of these tools, methods or architectural elements support a praxis of transgressivism and stealth. Even if the practical constructions, historical investigations, and cultural theory analyses explored in the thesis do not give access to the physical places themselves, they unlock rooms in the reader’s political imagination, by showing that such spaces exist. At the core of Lefebvre’s philosophical and political argument is the call for action. Praxis is understood here as holding the potential of critical performativity: the possibility to merge culture and politics with claims of creating access to the urban and the production of space. A promise of going beyond philosophy and theory to arrive at praxis. Jacques Rancière (2019) theorizes that which is recognized as (im)possible through sensation. In effect, Rancière addresses a regulation of what can be done. By departing from such an aesthetic order of distributed sensibility, there is the possibility to make a true politics; one which can peel off the foreclosing façades of Western democracy, where the order of things is contested by, as Rancière frames it, the part which has no part. This would be an active politics that challenges the policed orde, Avhandlingen omfattar tre kapitel och innehåller en sammanställning av fältstudier, fotodokumentation och beskrivningar av arbetsprocesser för tre platsspecifika projekt som bidrar till att utforska kapaciteten av det sociala och rumsliga fenomen som jag kallar den oregerliga staden (the Unruly City). De tillämpade konstruktionerna, de historiska undersökningarna och den kulturteoretiska analysen är samtliga avsedda att ge tillgång till — om inte de självaste fysiska rummen — nyckeln som låser upp rum i läsarens politiska fantasi när de väl har visat sig att sådana utrymmen existerar. Dessa tre studier prövar en praxis för oliktänkande och inbjuder till möjligheter för deltagande i produktionen av avvikande uppfattningar – både i att återta fysiskt utrymme och i förståelsen att förmågan att göra det kräver små medel. Utforskat är städernas föränderliga “natur” och bygger på politiska filosofier och de handlingar som har format vad dessa platser är och vad de skulle kunna vara. Tre platsspecifika interventioner i urbana miljöer — Berlin, Köpenhamn och Paris — som samtliga inkluderar både mina interventioner i stadsrummen samt integrationer och samarbeten med såväl redan existerande grupper och tillkomsten av nya kollektiv. Jag delar därmed en uppsättning taktiker och verktyg – både fysiska och analytiska – som använts för att göra saker möjliga och tänkbara. Detta dokument bidrar därför till att “synliggöra” en del av de samarbetsprocesser och den kreativa olydnad som kontinuerligt prövar, formar och omformar urbana rum. I kapitel X, An-Building Berlin, befinner vi oss framför en gigantisk falsk fasad i Berlins historiska stadskärna. Vi ser hur historien om den oregerliga staden fortsätter att utvecklas och tar reda på vart den urbana, flyktiga, berättande rörelsen att kliva bakom slöjan tar oss. En enskild plats i Berlin visas genom en serie omvandlingar — en tidsintervall som visar en plats vändas ut och in, framgrävas och omtvistas. Placerad på en tvärgående axel, QC 20230822

This work responds to isolating urban places, and contributes new ways for thinking about placemaking. Progressing through autoethnography and prototyping, we critique design proposals with Lefebvre’s theory of utopia. There inhabitants can enjoy and shape their place together without risking depletion of their abilities and motivations to do so. The critique produces political sensibilities that help us make sense of common tensions among inhabitants, landowners, and visitors, and generate possible responses. The critique process itself illustrates how designing through critique with theory can help us think in new ways. This paper contributes a display of how design with critical theory can happen, ultimately to support our abilities and motivations to envision and make places of social flourishing that can respond to our socio-environmental crises., QC 20230804

This work responds to isolating urban places, and contributes new ways for thinking about placemaking. Progressing through autoethnography and prototyping, we critique design proposals with Lefebvre’s theory of utopia. There inhabitants can enjoy and shape their place together without risking depletion of their abilities and motivations to do so. The critique produces political sensibilities that help us make sense of common tensions among inhabitants, landowners, and visitors, and generate possible responses. The critique process itself illustrates how designing through critique with theory can help us think in new ways. This paper contributes a display of how design with critical theory can happen, ultimately to support our abilities and motivations to envision and make places of social flourishing that can respond to our socio-environmental crises., QC 20230804

This article focuses on national and local anti-homeless ordinances and investigates emerging spatial banishment strategies and their impacts on unhoused folks’ basic freedoms. First, we review debates on co-existing geographies of punishment and care through theoretical and legal lenses. Focusing on sixteen cities in the United States, we examine categories of anti-homeless ordinances and their evolution in the past two decades. Next, we focus on Los Angeles and use archival research and interviews with activists to examine the expansion of newly emerging anti-homeless spaces. Our research details ad hoc strategies of spatial banishment targeting homelessness. We find that the city represents a fragmented landscape of “no-go-zones” for the unhoused. We posit that the COVID-19 pandemic enabled various spatial banishment strategies and that Los Angeles is neo-revanchist. We advocate for city policies that abolish spatial banishment strategies and respond to the needs of the unhoused.

El espacio público es la ciudad, es un lugar de encuentro de igualdad, equidad social y el lugar o escenario de la expresión colectiva de la diversidad social y cultural (Borja y Muxí, 2003; Peñalosa, 2005; Pardo, 2008). Es el lugar donde los ciudadanos viven, se interrelacionan, comparten y gozan de la ciudad, sus espacios, colores y sonidos. Los niveles de participación y apropiación comunitaria en su conjunto definen en gran medida la calidad de vida de los habitantes. Pensando desde el usuario como protagonista en el espacio público el objetivo al momento de proyectar los componentes del diseño urbano, es conseguir que todos los ciudadanos puedan permanecer en estos espacios y entornos sin importar su condición física, sensorial o cognitiva que pueda conflictuar su circulación y permanencia en estos espacios donde el aspecto humano social en la actualidad se encamina hacia el planteamiento de ciudades mucho más accesibles y dinámicas. Para promover la identidad del diseño urbano accesible con el fin de lograr diferente experiencia en el espacio público que le apunten a garantizar una mayor apropiación de estos espacios de acceso universales, se debe comenzar por garantizar accesibilidad total en igualdad de condiciones e incorporar la red de criterios de diseños universal para todos y todas. En el desarrollo de espacios públicos con accesibilidad universal, los componentes más importantes son la diversidad tanto humana como urbana, entendiendo esta última como la variedad de actividades económicas y sociales que se pueden generar en el entorno urbano y su capacidad de adaptarse a la complejidad y con ello mejorar la calidad de vida. Para conseguirlo se requiere una participación y comunicación efectiva de información que permita adquirir los recursos necesarios para su despliegue bajo las regulaciones normativas de accesibilidad urbana, sin limitar al usuario y que a su vez le permitan apropiarse de estos lugares de encuentro e identidad de usos y así mismo gene

En este texto queremos dar luz a la movilización surgida de un grupo vecinal del barrio de Parque Alcosa, en Sevilla, por la patrimonialización de la antigua fábrica de algodón “Virgen de los Reyes” y en contra del proyecto de urbanización que se está desarrollando sobre la misma. Con ello, queremos conocer la relación existente entre las demandas sociales que han motivado las acciones de determinados colectivos por la definición y apropiación de este espacio, y el contexto urbano, producto de políticas neoliberales como es el Distrito Este de Sevilla, en el que aquella tiene lugar. Desde una perspectiva antropológica, queremos comprender la estrategia de patrimonialización como reivindicación del derecho a la ciudad en este caso concreto y atendiendo a su encaje en dinámicas globales., In this text we want to shed light on the mobilisation that has arisen from a neighbourhood group in the Parque Alcosa neighbourhood (Seville), for the patrimonialisation of the old cotton factory “Virgen de los Reyes” and against the urbanisation project that is being developed on the site. With this, we want to understand the relationship between the social demands that have motivated the actions of certain groups for the definition and appropriation of this space, and the urban context, product of neoliberal policies such as the Eastern District of Seville, in which it takes place. From an anthropological perspective, we want to understand the strategy of patrimonialisation as a vindication of the right to the city in this specific case and in terms of how it fits into global dynamics.

This article presents the design process adopted for the design of Indigenous Temporary Accommodation in Florianopolis - Santa Catarina - Brazil, focusing on design strategies and changes in the proposal, considering State actions and the participation of the indigenous community. These proposals were developed through an outreach project at the Federal University of Santa Catarina, addressing the importance of indigenous presence in the city, the constant struggle of indigenous people for physical and symbolic spaces in contemporary society, and the social role of architects and urban planners within these challenges. A participatory project process is adopted as a methodological strategy, which comprises theoretical and documentary research stages, joint actions with the indigenous community, interactions with the State, preparation of guidelines, and architectural proposals. As a result, the architectural proposals developed based on community demands are presented, as well as the changes from the different strategies built using State actions to handle the issue. It is believed that when considering the different actors involved in the design process, possibilities broaden both to enable the execution of key public facilities in the city and to make these meet the wants and needs of the communities involved., Este artigo apresenta o processo de projeto adotado para a concepção da casa de passagem indígena de Florianópolis - Santa Catarina - Brasil com enfoque nas estratégias projetuais e nas alterações da proposta frente às ações do Estado e participação da comunidade indígena. As propostas, elaboradas por meio de um projeto de extensão na Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, abordam a importância da presença indígena na cidade, a luta constante dos povos originários por espaços físicos e simbólicos na sociedade contemporânea e o papel social de arquitetos e urbanistas diante destes desafios. Adota-se como estratégia metodológica um processo de projeto participativo, que compreende etapas de pesquisa teórica e documental, ações junto à comunidade indígena, interface com o Estado e a elaboração coletiva de diretrizes e propostas arquitetônicas. Como resultado, apresentam-se os projetos elaborados a partir das demandas da comunidade bem como as alterações decorrentes das diferentes estratégias construídas a partir das movimentações do poder público frente à problemática. Acredita-se que ao considerar os diversos atores envolvidos no processo de projeto, ampliam-se as possibilidades tanto de viabilizar a execução de equipamentos públicos fundamentais da cidade quanto de fazer com que estes de fato atendam os anseios e as necessidades das comunidades envolvidas., Este artículo presenta el proceso de proyecto adoptado para el diseño de la casa de tránsito indígena en Florianópolis - Santa Catarina - Brasil, centrándose en las estrategias de diseño y cambios en la propuesta frente a las acciones del Estado y la participación de la comunidad indígena. Las propuestas, desarrolladas a través de un proyecto de extensión en la Universidad Federal de Santa Catarina abordan la importancia de la presencia indígena en la ciudad, la lucha constante de los pueblos originarios por los espacios físicos y simbólicos en la sociedad contemporánea y el papel social de los arquitectos y urbanistas en frente a estos desafíos. Se adopta como estrategia metodológica un proceso de proyecto participativo, que comprende etapas de investigación teórica y documental, acciones con la comunidad indígena, interfaz con el Estado y elaboración colectiva de lineamientos y propuestas arquitectónicas. Como resultado, se presentan los proyectos desarrollados a partir de las demandas de la comunidad, así como los cambios resultantes de las distintas estrategias construidas a partir de los movimientos del poder público frente a la problemática. Se cree que al considerar los diversos actores involucrados en el proceso de diseño, se amplían las posibilidades tanto para viabilizar la ejecución de equipamientos públicos fundamentales en la ciudad, como para hacerlos realidad satisfacer los deseos y necesidades de las comunidades involucradas.

The city of Stockholm grapples with significant challenges related to social exclusion and segregation. This particularly affects vulnerable groups such as individuals of migrant background residing in low-income suburbs around the city centre. The comprehensive plan of Stockholm underscores the importance of inclusive planning where inhabitants directly participate in the democratic urban development processes. Ideally, all inhabitants should be able to influence spatial change that affects their local built environment through participatory planning processes. However, studies show that persons of migrant background seldom participate in such processes in Stockholm. This thesis aims to critically examine the theoretical ideals of social inclusion and public participation and compare how these concepts are translated into Stockholm´s city planning documents and how they are implemented in practice in local urban development projects. The study operationalizes right to the city urban theories as analytical tools to investigate three levels of Stockholm´s city planning namely, comprehensive municipal planning, district level planning and their implication on the community level. The thesis employs a case study of Hagsätra-Rågsved, a suburb in the south of Stockholm municipality. Through the study of relevant planning documents and by interviewing appropriate stakeholders, the present study sheds light on the experiences of migrant groups and the barriers they face in participating in Stockholm´s planning processes. This thesis underscores the need to build trust between planning practitioners and underrepresented groups through improved outreach methods as well as tackling possible language barriers. This thesis argues that a right-based approach can provide planning with the necessary tools to overcome participation challenges that hinder achieving inclusion ideals.

En este texto queremos dar luz a la movilización surgida de un grupo vecinal del barrio de Parque Alcosa, en Sevilla, por la patrimonialización de la antigua fábrica de algodón “Virgen de los Reyes” y en contra del proyecto de urbanización que se está desarrollando sobre la misma. Con ello, queremos conocer la relación existente entre las demandas sociales que han motivado las acciones de determinados colectivos por la definición y apropiación de este espacio, y el contexto urbano, producto de políticas neoliberales como es el Distrito Este de Sevilla, en el que aquella tiene lugar. Desde una perspectiva antropológica, queremos comprender la estrategia de patrimonialización como reivindicación del derecho a la ciudad en este caso concreto y atendiendo a su encaje en dinámicas globales., In this text we want to shed light on the mobilisation that has arisen from a neighbourhood group in the Parque Alcosa neighbourhood (Seville), for the patrimonialisation of the old cotton factory “Virgen de los Reyes” and against the urbanisation project that is being developed on the site. With this, we want to understand the relationship between the social demands that have motivated the actions of certain groups for the definition and appropriation of this space, and the urban context, product of neoliberal policies such as the Eastern District of Seville, in which it takes place. From an anthropological perspective, we want to understand the strategy of patrimonialisation as a vindication of the right to the city in this specific case and in terms of how it fits into global dynamics.

This work responds to isolating urban places, and contributes new ways for thinking about placemaking. Progressing through autoethnography and prototyping, we critique design proposals with Lefebvre’s theory of utopia. There inhabitants can enjoy and shape their place together without risking depletion of their abilities and motivations to do so. The critique produces political sensibilities that help us make sense of common tensions among inhabitants, landowners, and visitors, and generate possible responses. The critique process itself illustrates how designing through critique with theory can help us think in new ways. This paper contributes a display of how design with critical theory can happen, ultimately to support our abilities and motivations to envision and make places of social flourishing that can respond to our socio-environmental crises., QC 20230804

This work responds to isolating urban places, and contributes new ways for thinking about placemaking. Progressing through autoethnography and prototyping, we critique design proposals with Lefebvre’s theory of utopia. There inhabitants can enjoy and shape their place together without risking depletion of their abilities and motivations to do so. The critique produces political sensibilities that help us make sense of common tensions among inhabitants, landowners, and visitors, and generate possible responses. The critique process itself illustrates how designing through critique with theory can help us think in new ways. This paper contributes a display of how design with critical theory can happen, ultimately to support our abilities and motivations to envision and make places of social flourishing that can respond to our socio-environmental crises., QC 20230804

This research departs from three intersecting field studies in Berlin, Copenhagen, and Paris, and includes both my interventions in the urban texture and integrations with existing communities working in the subject field of the Right to the City (Lefebvre 1968). The projects explore the mutable “nature” of cities and build on political philosophies which describe egalitarian actions that have shaped what those places could be. Laid out across three chapters (X, Y & Z) are descriptions of work processes for multiple projects that locate a social and spatial phenomenon which I call “the unruly city.” Manufactured keys, trapdoors, dug-out tunnels, informal dissemination, bricolaged furniture, loopholes, pulleys, hatches, and shacks recur throughout the thesis; each of these tools, methods or architectural elements support a praxis of transgressivism and stealth. Even if the practical constructions, historical investigations, and cultural theory analyses explored in the thesis do not give access to the physical places themselves, they unlock rooms in the reader’s political imagination, by showing that such spaces exist. At the core of Lefebvre’s philosophical and political argument is the call for action. Praxis is understood here as holding the potential of critical performativity: the possibility to merge culture and politics with claims of creating access to the urban and the production of space. A promise of going beyond philosophy and theory to arrive at praxis. Jacques Rancière (2019) theorizes that which is recognized as (im)possible through sensation. In effect, Rancière addresses a regulation of what can be done. By departing from such an aesthetic order of distributed sensibility, there is the possibility to make a true politics; one which can peel off the foreclosing façades of Western democracy, where the order of things is contested by, as Rancière frames it, the part which has no part. This would be an active politics that challenges the policed orde, Avhandlingen omfattar tre kapitel och innehåller en sammanställning av fältstudier, fotodokumentation och beskrivningar av arbetsprocesser för tre platsspecifika projekt som bidrar till att utforska kapaciteten av det sociala och rumsliga fenomen som jag kallar den oregerliga staden (the Unruly City). De tillämpade konstruktionerna, de historiska undersökningarna och den kulturteoretiska analysen är samtliga avsedda att ge tillgång till — om inte de självaste fysiska rummen — nyckeln som låser upp rum i läsarens politiska fantasi när de väl har visat sig att sådana utrymmen existerar. Dessa tre studier prövar en praxis för oliktänkande och inbjuder till möjligheter för deltagande i produktionen av avvikande uppfattningar – både i att återta fysiskt utrymme och i förståelsen att förmågan att göra det kräver små medel. Utforskat är städernas föränderliga “natur” och bygger på politiska filosofier och de handlingar som har format vad dessa platser är och vad de skulle kunna vara. Tre platsspecifika interventioner i urbana miljöer — Berlin, Köpenhamn och Paris — som samtliga inkluderar både mina interventioner i stadsrummen samt integrationer och samarbeten med såväl redan existerande grupper och tillkomsten av nya kollektiv. Jag delar därmed en uppsättning taktiker och verktyg – både fysiska och analytiska – som använts för att göra saker möjliga och tänkbara. Detta dokument bidrar därför till att “synliggöra” en del av de samarbetsprocesser och den kreativa olydnad som kontinuerligt prövar, formar och omformar urbana rum. I kapitel X, An-Building Berlin, befinner vi oss framför en gigantisk falsk fasad i Berlins historiska stadskärna. Vi ser hur historien om den oregerliga staden fortsätter att utvecklas och tar reda på vart den urbana, flyktiga, berättande rörelsen att kliva bakom slöjan tar oss. En enskild plats i Berlin visas genom en serie omvandlingar — en tidsintervall som visar en plats vändas ut och in, framgrävas och omtvistas. Placerad på en tvärgående axel, QC 20230822

The concept of urban living is evolving, and there is a growing interest in creating smaller, more connected, and hyperlocal neighbourhoods, where everything people need is within a 15-minute walk or bike ride. This paper challenges the concept of the ‘15-minute city’ as a panacea for urban ills, by exploring the history of utopian urban planning and regeneration aimed at creating sustainable, inclusive and vibrant communities by desegregating disadvantaged groups. Specifically, we examine social mixing policies, which are recurring top-down interventions that pathologise concentrated urban disadvantage. We trace the evolution of these policies in Europe from the Garden City movement to post-war social housing redevelopment to the current 15-minute city, which we consider to be social mix by stealth. While such policies can reduce the degree of concentrated disadvantage in the short term, they tend to be ineffective in the long term, as deprived neighbourhoods often remain so despite attempts to make them more diverse. The paper argues that the 15-minute city would be implemented through de facto social mix actions at the neighbourhood level, which are insufficient to address the deeper structural issues that perpetuate spatial inequality and deprivation. We propose that longitudinal and comparative analyses, combined with ‘right to the city’ perspectives, should be considered in future research and policymaking to understand – and more importantly address – why urban renewal initiatives that aim for equitable outcomes at the neighbourhood scale ultimately fail to deliver., Urban Studies

Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences

This research departs from three intersecting field studies in Berlin, Copenhagen, and Paris, and includes both my interventions in the urban texture and integrations with existing communities working in the subject field of the Right to the City (Lefebvre 1968). The projects explore the mutable “nature” of cities and build on political philosophies which describe egalitarian actions that have shaped what those places could be. Laid out across three chapters (X, Y & Z) are descriptions of work processes for multiple projects that locate a social and spatial phenomenon which I call “the unruly city.” Manufactured keys, trapdoors, dug-out tunnels, informal dissemination, bricolaged furniture, loopholes, pulleys, hatches, and shacks recur throughout the thesis; each of these tools, methods or architectural elements support a praxis of transgressivism and stealth. Even if the practical constructions, historical investigations, and cultural theory analyses explored in the thesis do not give access to the physical places themselves, they unlock rooms in the reader’s political imagination, by showing that such spaces exist. At the core of Lefebvre’s philosophical and political argument is the call for action. Praxis is understood here as holding the potential of critical performativity: the possibility to merge culture and politics with claims of creating access to the urban and the production of space. A promise of going beyond philosophy and theory to arrive at praxis. Jacques Rancière (2019) theorizes that which is recognized as (im)possible through sensation. In effect, Rancière addresses a regulation of what can be done. By departing from such an aesthetic order of distributed sensibility, there is the possibility to make a true politics; one which can peel off the foreclosing façades of Western democracy, where the order of things is contested by, as Rancière frames it, the part which has no part. This would be an active politics that challenges the policed orde, Avhandlingen omfattar tre kapitel och innehåller en sammanställning av fältstudier, fotodokumentation och beskrivningar av arbetsprocesser för tre platsspecifika projekt som bidrar till att utforska kapaciteten av det sociala och rumsliga fenomen som jag kallar den oregerliga staden (the Unruly City). De tillämpade konstruktionerna, de historiska undersökningarna och den kulturteoretiska analysen är samtliga avsedda att ge tillgång till — om inte de självaste fysiska rummen — nyckeln som låser upp rum i läsarens politiska fantasi när de väl har visat sig att sådana utrymmen existerar. Dessa tre studier prövar en praxis för oliktänkande och inbjuder till möjligheter för deltagande i produktionen av avvikande uppfattningar – både i att återta fysiskt utrymme och i förståelsen att förmågan att göra det kräver små medel. Utforskat är städernas föränderliga “natur” och bygger på politiska filosofier och de handlingar som har format vad dessa platser är och vad de skulle kunna vara. Tre platsspecifika interventioner i urbana miljöer — Berlin, Köpenhamn och Paris — som samtliga inkluderar både mina interventioner i stadsrummen samt integrationer och samarbeten med såväl redan existerande grupper och tillkomsten av nya kollektiv. Jag delar därmed en uppsättning taktiker och verktyg – både fysiska och analytiska – som använts för att göra saker möjliga och tänkbara. Detta dokument bidrar därför till att “synliggöra” en del av de samarbetsprocesser och den kreativa olydnad som kontinuerligt prövar, formar och omformar urbana rum. I kapitel X, An-Building Berlin, befinner vi oss framför en gigantisk falsk fasad i Berlins historiska stadskärna. Vi ser hur historien om den oregerliga staden fortsätter att utvecklas och tar reda på vart den urbana, flyktiga, berättande rörelsen att kliva bakom slöjan tar oss. En enskild plats i Berlin visas genom en serie omvandlingar — en tidsintervall som visar en plats vändas ut och in, framgrävas och omtvistas. Placerad på en tvärgående axel, QC 20230822

The aim of this article is to analyse the concept of the right to the city in the vulnerable areas of Madrid, starting by proposing a way of operationalising and applying it to the city. This is justified by the fact that Madrid is one of the most segregated capitals in Europe. Qualitative methodology is used to measure the inclusion-exclusion of this type of areas in relation to the rest of the urban areas. Four discursive axes have been identified as a foundation for the qualitative analysis, which serve to outline the weaknesses and strengths of this type of neighbourhood. The f inal idea is the articulation of an identity discourse that enables the appropriation of the urban to exercise the right to the city., El objetivo de este artículo es el análisis del concepto del derecho a la ciudad en las áreas vulnerables de la ciudad de Madrid, comenzando por una propuesta de operacionalización del mismo y su aplicación a esta ciudad, justificado por ser una de las capitales más segregadas de Europa. A través de metodología cualitativa, se mide la inclusión-exclusión de este tipo de áreas en relación al resto de áreas urbanas. Como principales ejes del análisis cualitativo se han establecido cuatro ejes discursivos que determinan los puntos débiles y las fortalezas que se dan en este tipo de barrios. La idea final viene a destacar la articulación de un discurso identitario que permite configurar la apropiación de lo urbano como ejercicio del derecho a la ciudad.

This research departs from three intersecting field studies in Berlin, Copenhagen, and Paris, and includes both my interventions in the urban texture and integrations with existing communities working in the subject field of the Right to the City (Lefebvre 1968). The projects explore the mutable “nature” of cities and build on political philosophies which describe egalitarian actions that have shaped what those places could be. Laid out across three chapters (X, Y & Z) are descriptions of work processes for multiple projects that locate a social and spatial phenomenon which I call “the unruly city.” Manufactured keys, trapdoors, dug-out tunnels, informal dissemination, bricolaged furniture, loopholes, pulleys, hatches, and shacks recur throughout the thesis; each of these tools, methods or architectural elements support a praxis of transgressivism and stealth. Even if the practical constructions, historical investigations, and cultural theory analyses explored in the thesis do not give access to the physical places themselves, they unlock rooms in the reader’s political imagination, by showing that such spaces exist. At the core of Lefebvre’s philosophical and political argument is the call for action. Praxis is understood here as holding the potential of critical performativity: the possibility to merge culture and politics with claims of creating access to the urban and the production of space. A promise of going beyond philosophy and theory to arrive at praxis. Jacques Rancière (2019) theorizes that which is recognized as (im)possible through sensation. In effect, Rancière addresses a regulation of what can be done. By departing from such an aesthetic order of distributed sensibility, there is the possibility to make a true politics; one which can peel off the foreclosing façades of Western democracy, where the order of things is contested by, as Rancière frames it, the part which has no part. This would be an active politics that challenges the policed orde, Avhandlingen omfattar tre kapitel och innehåller en sammanställning av fältstudier, fotodokumentation och beskrivningar av arbetsprocesser för tre platsspecifika projekt som bidrar till att utforska kapaciteten av det sociala och rumsliga fenomen som jag kallar den oregerliga staden (the Unruly City). De tillämpade konstruktionerna, de historiska undersökningarna och den kulturteoretiska analysen är samtliga avsedda att ge tillgång till — om inte de självaste fysiska rummen — nyckeln som låser upp rum i läsarens politiska fantasi när de väl har visat sig att sådana utrymmen existerar. Dessa tre studier prövar en praxis för oliktänkande och inbjuder till möjligheter för deltagande i produktionen av avvikande uppfattningar – både i att återta fysiskt utrymme och i förståelsen att förmågan att göra det kräver små medel. Utforskat är städernas föränderliga “natur” och bygger på politiska filosofier och de handlingar som har format vad dessa platser är och vad de skulle kunna vara. Tre platsspecifika interventioner i urbana miljöer — Berlin, Köpenhamn och Paris — som samtliga inkluderar både mina interventioner i stadsrummen samt integrationer och samarbeten med såväl redan existerande grupper och tillkomsten av nya kollektiv. Jag delar därmed en uppsättning taktiker och verktyg – både fysiska och analytiska – som använts för att göra saker möjliga och tänkbara. Detta dokument bidrar därför till att “synliggöra” en del av de samarbetsprocesser och den kreativa olydnad som kontinuerligt prövar, formar och omformar urbana rum. I kapitel X, An-Building Berlin, befinner vi oss framför en gigantisk falsk fasad i Berlins historiska stadskärna. Vi ser hur historien om den oregerliga staden fortsätter att utvecklas och tar reda på vart den urbana, flyktiga, berättande rörelsen att kliva bakom slöjan tar oss. En enskild plats i Berlin visas genom en serie omvandlingar — en tidsintervall som visar en plats vändas ut och in, framgrävas och omtvistas. Placerad på en tvärgående axel, QC 20230822

In this paper, I propose to subdivide philosophy of the city into three more specific areas of study. First, philosophy of the city as urban epistemology and philosophy of the urban sciences focusses on problems of experiencing and knowing cities and of generating scientific knowledge about cities (sect. 2). Second, philosophy of the city as urban normative theory seeks to interpret and spell out the central categories of practical philosophy—the right, the good, the aesthetic, the democratic etc.—for urban contexts (sect. 3). Third, applied philosophy of the city aims to combine philosophical analysis with the search for practical solutions and concrete possibilities for change (sect. 4). The benefit of such a subdivision of the field is twofold. On the one hand, this systematization clarifies the mutual relations between philosophy of the city, other branches of philosophy, and other urban sciences. On the other hand, it helps identifying open question and blind spots within the current debate and, thereby, opens up new directions for future research in philosophy of the city.

The aim of this study is to analyze 25 fake election posters that have been put up between 2018 and 2022 in Sweden, through a narrative analysis, to gain an insight into how they displace political messages in the public space. The study is also done to gain a deeper understanding of the practice from a media activist perspective and to investigate how these practices renegotiate a traditional form of political communication. These renegotiation practices are theorized in terms of territorialization (Deleuze & Guattari, 1987). In addition, the concept right to the city (Harvey, 2003, 2008; Lefebvre, 1996) is used to understand the city as a public political space. The results of the study show that many fake election posters seem to want to challenge and try to influence their surroundings, although there are differences in what the the election posters specifically want to challenge or criticize. Common characteristics of the practice are activism, criticism, disclosure, disinformation, appropriation, intertextuality, irony, satire, humor, and political standpoints. This also shows that fake election posters can be understood as a type of activism, as there are many similarities with other media activist practices such as culture jamming, street art and graffiti.

This paper aims to explore and discuss the emerging paradigms of the right to the city, fair habitat and the principle of equal protection under a structural perspective, around the situation and social conditions that characterizes vulnerable neighborhoods or slums in Latin America and Argentina. We argue that these new rights approaches, fruits of social mobilization and participation, attempt in a multidimensional manner to account for the complex social reality that affects these neighborhoods and related phe-nomena such as socio-spatial segregation and social inequality in all Latin American cities. Thus, the traditional analytical frameworks about violations on social rights such as fair housing, access to health or education, among others, are weighted in an aggregative and joint way to other more complex and specific social dimensions that are part of the dy-namics of the city. These urban and legal approaches bring novel rules and principles that are slowly permeating the implementation of regulations and public policies in the cities of the region and our country., Este trabajo tiene como objetivo general explorar y poner en discusión los pa-radigmas emergentes del derecho a la ciudad, el hábitat digno y el principio de igualdad de forma estructural, en torno a la situación y condiciones sociales que atraviesan a los barrios populares en Latinoamérica y Argentina. Sostenemos que estos nuevos enfoques conceptuales de derechos, frutos de la movilización y participación social, intentan de forma multidimensional dar cuenta de la compleja realidad social que atraviesa a los ba-rrios populares y fenómenos conexos como la segregación socio-espacial y la desigualdad social presentes en todas las ciudades latinoamericanas. Así, los tradicionales marcos ana-líticos de vulneración de derechos sociales como la vivienda digna, la salud o la educación entre otros, son ponderados de forma agregativa y conjunta a otras dimensiones sociales más complejas y específicas que forman parte de las dinámicas de la ciudad. Estos emer-gentes jurídicos urbanos aportan reglas y principios novedosos que lentamente van per-meando la implementación de normativas y políticas públicas en las ciudades de la región y de nuestro país.

The paper explores the potentialities that lie in the debates that arise in the Encuentros Nacionales de Mujeres (Argentina) to form a platform of women for their right to the city. The journey begins with a brief bibliographical review where a revision of the right to the city from the Social Reproduction Theory is exposed and the historical relevance of the Encuentros for feminisms in the country that shelters them is given. Through a documentary analysis of the published Conclusiones of the Encuentros from 2008 to 2018, it was possible to identify significant elements to rethink the social space, the tensions between production and reproduction and the implications of continuing to sustain a right to the city that eliminates the body and the home as sensitive territories for the explanation of everyday experiences and their politicization., El artículo explora las potencialidades que radican en los debates que se suscitan en los Encuentros Nacionales de Mujeres (Argentina) para formar una plataforma de las mujeres por su derecho a la ciudad. El recorrido inicia con una revisión bibliográfica muy breve donde se expone una revisita del derecho a la ciudad desde la Teoría de la Reproducción Social y se da cuenta de la relevancia histórica de los Encuentros para los feminismos en el país que los cobija. Mediante un análisis documental de las Conclusiones publicadas de los Encuentros de 2008 a 2018, se lograron identificar elementos significativos para repensar el espacio social, las tensiones entre producción y reproducción y las implicancias de continuar sosteniendo un derecho a la ciudad que elimina el cuerpo y el hogar como territorios sensibles para la explicación de las experiencias cotidianas y su politización.

This article focuses on the unequal access to the right to the city in the inhabitants of the locality 19 of Ciudad Bolívar in Bogotá, produced by the social inequalities that have historically accompanied this population, and generated in part, by the hegemonic powers present both at global and local, who are unaware of their dynamics and their territorial particularities. The re-appropriation of the territory is intended based on training and/or training workshops that provide, on the one hand, theoretical tools based on Harvey's postulates regarding the right to the city and other authors who develop concepts such as events and micropolitics, and on the other, practices from their own territorial experiences, from their community work. At the end, a significant experience of micropolitical action is presented with a foundation that has been carrying out its community work in a sector of the town for thirty years., Este artículo se centra en el problema de la no satisfacción del derecho a la ciudad a los habitantes de la localidad 19 de Ciudad Bolívar, producido por las desigualdades sociales que históricamente han acompañado a esta población, y generadas en parte, por los poderes hegemónicos presentes tanto a nivel global como local, quienes desconocen sus dinámicas y sus particularidades territoriales, generando fragmentación socioeconómica, el empobrecimiento de la experiencia urbana y la precarización de la misma vida urbana. Se pretende la re-apropiación del territorio a partir de unas capacitaciones y/o talleres formativos en torno a temas de relevancia para las organizaciones y colectivos sociales quienes trabajan por las comunidades, con acciones micropolíticas resistentes, formas de utilizar el poder de los sujetos individuales y colectivos para construir y posicionar acciones y procesos propios, no impuestos.

This paper aims to explore and discuss the emerging paradigms of the right to the city, fair habitat and the principle of equal protection under a structural perspective, around the situation and social conditions that characterizes vulnerable neighborhoods or slums in Latin America and Argentina. We argue that these new rights approaches, fruits of social mobilization and participation, attempt in a multidimensional manner to account for the complex social reality that affects these neighborhoods and related phe-nomena such as socio-spatial segregation and social inequality in all Latin American cities. Thus, the traditional analytical frameworks about violations on social rights such as fair housing, access to health or education, among others, are weighted in an aggregative and joint way to other more complex and specific social dimensions that are part of the dy-namics of the city. These urban and legal approaches bring novel rules and principles that are slowly permeating the implementation of regulations and public policies in the cities of the region and our country., Este trabajo tiene como objetivo general explorar y poner en discusión los pa-radigmas emergentes del derecho a la ciudad, el hábitat digno y el principio de igualdad de forma estructural, en torno a la situación y condiciones sociales que atraviesan a los barrios populares en Latinoamérica y Argentina. Sostenemos que estos nuevos enfoques conceptuales de derechos, frutos de la movilización y participación social, intentan de forma multidimensional dar cuenta de la compleja realidad social que atraviesa a los ba-rrios populares y fenómenos conexos como la segregación socio-espacial y la desigualdad social presentes en todas las ciudades latinoamericanas. Así, los tradicionales marcos ana-líticos de vulneración de derechos sociales como la vivienda digna, la salud o la educación entre otros, son ponderados de forma agregativa y conjunta a otras dimensiones sociales más complejas y específicas que forman parte de las dinámicas de la ciudad. Estos emer-gentes jurídicos urbanos aportan reglas y principios novedosos que lentamente van per-meando la implementación de normativas y políticas públicas en las ciudades de la región y de nuestro país.

This paper aims to explore and discuss the emerging paradigms of the right to the city, fair habitat and the principle of equal protection under a structural perspective, around the situation and social conditions that characterizes vulnerable neighborhoods or slums in Latin America and Argentina. We argue that these new rights approaches, fruits of social mobilization and participation, attempt in a multidimensional manner to account for the complex social reality that affects these neighborhoods and related phe-nomena such as socio-spatial segregation and social inequality in all Latin American cities. Thus, the traditional analytical frameworks about violations on social rights such as fair housing, access to health or education, among others, are weighted in an aggregative and joint way to other more complex and specific social dimensions that are part of the dy-namics of the city. These urban and legal approaches bring novel rules and principles that are slowly permeating the implementation of regulations and public policies in the cities of the region and our country., Este trabajo tiene como objetivo general explorar y poner en discusión los pa-radigmas emergentes del derecho a la ciudad, el hábitat digno y el principio de igualdad de forma estructural, en torno a la situación y condiciones sociales que atraviesan a los barrios populares en Latinoamérica y Argentina. Sostenemos que estos nuevos enfoques conceptuales de derechos, frutos de la movilización y participación social, intentan de forma multidimensional dar cuenta de la compleja realidad social que atraviesa a los ba-rrios populares y fenómenos conexos como la segregación socio-espacial y la desigualdad social presentes en todas las ciudades latinoamericanas. Así, los tradicionales marcos ana-líticos de vulneración de derechos sociales como la vivienda digna, la salud o la educación entre otros, son ponderados de forma agregativa y conjunta a otras dimensiones sociales más complejas y específicas que forman parte de las dinámicas de la ciudad. Estos emer-gentes jurídicos urbanos aportan reglas y principios novedosos que lentamente van per-meando la implementación de normativas y políticas públicas en las ciudades de la región y de nuestro país.

El espacio público es la ciudad, es un lugar de encuentro de igualdad, equidad social y el lugar o escenario de la expresión colectiva de la diversidad social y cultural (Borja y Muxí, 2003; Peñalosa, 2005; Pardo, 2008). Es el lugar donde los ciudadanos viven, se interrelacionan, comparten y gozan de la ciudad, sus espacios, colores y sonidos. Los niveles de participación y apropiación comunitaria en su conjunto definen en gran medida la calidad de vida de los habitantes. Pensando desde el usuario como protagonista en el espacio público el objetivo al momento de proyectar los componentes del diseño urbano, es conseguir que todos los ciudadanos puedan permanecer en estos espacios y entornos sin importar su condición física, sensorial o cognitiva que pueda conflictuar su circulación y permanencia en estos espacios donde el aspecto humano social en la actualidad se encamina hacia el planteamiento de ciudades mucho más accesibles y dinámicas. Para promover la identidad del diseño urbano accesible con el fin de lograr diferente experiencia en el espacio público que le apunten a garantizar una mayor apropiación de estos espacios de acceso universales, se debe comenzar por garantizar accesibilidad total en igualdad de condiciones e incorporar la red de criterios de diseños universal para todos y todas. En el desarrollo de espacios públicos con accesibilidad universal, los componentes más importantes son la diversidad tanto humana como urbana, entendiendo esta última como la variedad de actividades económicas y sociales que se pueden generar en el entorno urbano y su capacidad de adaptarse a la complejidad y con ello mejorar la calidad de vida. Para conseguirlo se requiere una participación y comunicación efectiva de información que permita adquirir los recursos necesarios para su despliegue bajo las regulaciones normativas de accesibilidad urbana, sin limitar al usuario y que a su vez le permitan apropiarse de estos lugares de encuentro e identidad de usos y así mismo gene

Urbanism is a way of thinking and acting needed for sustainable development; urbanists are becoming inter- and transdisciplinary, bringing science, technology, and design into their field. As the world is in a cascading of crises related to, e.g., health, energy, food, and water, as well as issues of, e.g., traffic, housing, and services, integrated approaches become increasingly relevant as most of these challenges are related. Having a holistic urbanism viewpoint is the path to resilience and sustainability. Here, we are not referring to a longer list of notions but particularly encouraging dialogues between (possibly perceived) conflicting discourses. This book is the proceedings of the 14th IFoU conference, a stepping stone towards a new culture of working together. It includes papers in five tracks representing five types of debates over a set of dichotomies: “Urban-rural Integration” and “Areas In-Between” The City is an Object and a City is in Transition Political Ecology and Adaptive and Transformative Framework Metropolization and the Right to the City Human-centred and Nature-based Approaches in Cities

Urbanism is a way of thinking and acting needed for sustainable development; urbanists are becoming inter- and transdisciplinary, bringing science, technology, and design into their field. As the world is in a cascading of crises related to, e.g., health, energy, food, and water, as well as issues of, e.g., traffic, housing, and services, integrated approaches become increasingly relevant as most of these challenges are related. Having a holistic urbanism viewpoint is the path to resilience and sustainability. Here, we are not referring to a longer list of notions but particularly encouraging dialogues between (possibly perceived) conflicting discourses. This book is the proceedings of the 14th IFoU conference, a stepping stone towards a new culture of working together. It includes papers in five tracks representing five types of debates over a set of dichotomies: “Urban-rural Integration” and “Areas In-Between” The City is an Object and a City is in Transition Political Ecology and Adaptive and Transformative Framework Metropolization and the Right to the City Human-centred and Nature-based Approaches in Cities

Urbanism is a way of thinking and acting needed for sustainable development; urbanists are becoming inter- and transdisciplinary, bringing science, technology, and design into their field. As the world is in a cascading of crises related to, e.g., health, energy, food, and water, as well as issues of, e.g., traffic, housing, and services, integrated approaches become increasingly relevant as most of these challenges are related. Having a holistic urbanism viewpoint is the path to resilience and sustainability. Here, we are not referring to a longer list of notions but particularly encouraging dialogues between (possibly perceived) conflicting discourses. This book is the proceedings of the 14th IFoU conference, a stepping stone towards a new culture of working together. It includes papers in five tracks representing five types of debates over a set of dichotomies: “Urban-rural Integration” and “Areas In-Between” The City is an Object and a City is in Transition Political Ecology and Adaptive and Transformative Framework Metropolization and the Right to the City Human-centred and Nature-based Approaches in Cities

Children's participation in the decision-making and design of urban public spaces is crucial for achieving inclusive cities. International covenants have recognized the importance of participation as a right. Having adhered to these agreements, Turkey is obliged to enable children's participation in all public matters that concern them, including shaping urban spaces. This paper analyses national and local legislation in Turkey and Istanbul to distil how children's right to participate is legislated and institutionalised. It shows that lack of integrated child-responsive legislation, accounting for children's individuality, and lack of collaboration between national and local governments are the root of the problem.

Insbesondere in Städten werden Gesundheitsungleichheiten individuell verkörpert. Gleichzeitig werden sie in Recht-auf-Stadt-Kämpfen kollektiv adressiert. Dennoch bleibt das Verhältnis zwischen Gesundheit und Ungleichheit in der Kritischen Stadtgeographie unterrepräsentiert. Wie genau werden Machtverhältnisse in Form von Gesundheit und Krankheit konkret und ortsspezifisch ungleich verkörpert und mit welcher Raumwirksamkeit? Mithilfe eines relationalen Gesundheitsverständnisses fragen wir, wie Machtverhältnisse – vermittelt über Gesellschaftsstrukturen und (politisch konstruierte) Umwelten – krank machen. Urbane Gesundheitsinitiativen verfolgen vielfältige räumliche Strategien zur Sichtbarmachung und Bearbeitung krank machender Verhältnisse. Mithilfe des Konzepts Worlding tragen wir das verstreut vorliegende Wissen dieser Initiativen bezogen auf Stadtteilgesundheit, Frauen- und migrantische Gesundheit zum Einfluss bioökosozialer Verhältnisse auf Gesundheit zusammen. Wir diskutieren die Raumrelevanz für die Hervorbringung von Krankheit und die kollektive Repolitisierung von Gesundheit auf Stadtteilebene. Damit tragen wir zu einer Kritischen Stadtgeographie verkörperter Ungleichheiten bei, die zeigt, wie Machtverhältnisse sich in Form von Krankheit und Gesundheit in Körper einschreiben., Cities are sites of the individual embodiment of health inequalities and their collective contestations in struggles for the right to the city. This remains underrepresented in Critical Urban Studies. How are power relations embodied unequally as health and sickness in concrete and place-specific terms? What are the spatial implications? With relational health concepts, we ask how power relations – mediated through social structures and (politically constructed) environments – make sick. Urban health initiatives pursue manifold spatial strategies to uncover the conditions that make people sick and to change them. By Worlding, we gather these dispersed knowledges from community, women’s and migrants’ health about the health impacts of bioecosocial relations. We discuss the relevance of space for the emergence of sickness and a collective re-politicization of health. This contributes to a Critical Urban Geography of embodied inequalities, which shows how power relations inscribe in bodies in forms of health and sickness.

Insbesondere in Städten werden Gesundheitsungleichheiten individuell verkörpert. Gleichzeitig werden sie in Recht-auf-Stadt-Kämpfen kollektiv adressiert. Dennoch bleibt das Verhältnis zwischen Gesundheit und Ungleichheit in der Kritischen Stadtgeographie unterrepräsentiert. Wie genau werden Machtverhältnisse in Form von Gesundheit und Krankheit konkret und ortsspezifisch ungleich verkörpert und mit welcher Raumwirksamkeit? Mithilfe eines relationalen Gesundheitsverständnisses fragen wir, wie Machtverhältnisse – vermittelt über Gesellschaftsstrukturen und (politisch konstruierte) Umwelten – krank machen. Urbane Gesundheitsinitiativen verfolgen vielfältige räumliche Strategien zur Sichtbarmachung und Bearbeitung krank machender Verhältnisse. Mithilfe des Konzepts Worlding tragen wir das verstreut vorliegende Wissen dieser Initiativen bezogen auf Stadtteilgesundheit, Frauen- und migrantische Gesundheit zum Einfluss bioökosozialer Verhältnisse auf Gesundheit zusammen. Wir diskutieren die Raumrelevanz für die Hervorbringung von Krankheit und die kollektive Repolitisierung von Gesundheit auf Stadtteilebene. Damit tragen wir zu einer Kritischen Stadtgeographie verkörperter Ungleichheiten bei, die zeigt, wie Machtverhältnisse sich in Form von Krankheit und Gesundheit in Körper einschreiben., Cities are sites of the individual embodiment of health inequalities and their collective contestations in struggles for the right to the city. This remains underrepresented in Critical Urban Studies. How are power relations embodied unequally as health and sickness in concrete and place-specific terms? What are the spatial implications? With relational health concepts, we ask how power relations – mediated through social structures and (politically constructed) environments – make sick. Urban health initiatives pursue manifold spatial strategies to uncover the conditions that make people sick and to change them. By Worlding, we gather these dispersed knowledges from community, women’s and migrants’ health about the health impacts of bioecosocial relations. We discuss the relevance of space for the emergence of sickness and a collective re-politicization of health. This contributes to a Critical Urban Geography of embodied inequalities, which shows how power relations inscribe in bodies in forms of health and sickness.

Insbesondere in Städten werden Gesundheitsungleichheiten individuell verkörpert. Gleichzeitig werden sie in Recht-auf-Stadt-Kämpfen kollektiv adressiert. Dennoch bleibt das Verhältnis zwischen Gesundheit und Ungleichheit in der Kritischen Stadtgeographie unterrepräsentiert. Wie genau werden Machtverhältnisse in Form von Gesundheit und Krankheit konkret und ortsspezifisch ungleich verkörpert und mit welcher Raumwirksamkeit? Mithilfe eines relationalen Gesundheitsverständnisses fragen wir, wie Machtverhältnisse – vermittelt über Gesellschaftsstrukturen und (politisch konstruierte) Umwelten – krank machen. Urbane Gesundheitsinitiativen verfolgen vielfältige räumliche Strategien zur Sichtbarmachung und Bearbeitung krank machender Verhältnisse. Mithilfe des Konzepts Worlding tragen wir das verstreut vorliegende Wissen dieser Initiativen bezogen auf Stadtteilgesundheit, Frauen- und migrantische Gesundheit zum Einfluss bioökosozialer Verhältnisse auf Gesundheit zusammen. Wir diskutieren die Raumrelevanz für die Hervorbringung von Krankheit und die kollektive Repolitisierung von Gesundheit auf Stadtteilebene. Damit tragen wir zu einer Kritischen Stadtgeographie verkörperter Ungleichheiten bei, die zeigt, wie Machtverhältnisse sich in Form von Krankheit und Gesundheit in Körper einschreiben., Cities are sites of the individual embodiment of health inequalities and their collective contestations in struggles for the right to the city. This remains underrepresented in Critical Urban Studies. How are power relations embodied unequally as health and sickness in concrete and place-specific terms? What are the spatial implications? With relational health concepts, we ask how power relations – mediated through social structures and (politically constructed) environments – make sick. Urban health initiatives pursue manifold spatial strategies to uncover the conditions that make people sick and to change them. By Worlding, we gather these dispersed knowledges from community, women’s and migrants’ health about the health impacts of bioecosocial relations. We discuss the relevance of space for the emergence of sickness and a collective re-politicization of health. This contributes to a Critical Urban Geography of embodied inequalities, which shows how power relations inscribe in bodies in forms of health and sickness.

The city of Stockholm has increased its number of surveillance cameras in public places the last few years in the name of crime prevention. However, as the number of cameras increases, how does this affect the people living in the city? This paper examines how surveillance cameras affect young women between the ages of 18-24 and their perception in different area around Sergels torg, T-Centralen and Centralstationen in Stockholm, Sweden, as well as how the cameras affect their perceived Right to the City. By using the theory of the right to the city and feminist geography and focus groups and observations as methods, this paper shows that while surveillance cameras do not affect the women who participated in the study right now, it would affect them negatively if either the number of cameras increased or if the quality of the cameras became higher. However, it is not concluded how it affects their perception of their right to the city, as it could be both positive and negative in that regard, depending on how the women perceive the cameras.

The interconnection between the mutually linked right to the city and cultural rights, and their expression in Mexican cultural policies are analyzed in this text. The union of both rights has been strengthened by the emergence of new instruments for reflection and intervention to achieve more just, equitable, inclusive and respectful societies. Culture becomes, in this context, a resource required to reinforce citizenship, horizontal dialogue and inclusive participation in the configuration of public spaces. Cultural policies have come closer to the approaches of the right to the city and cultural rights, which maintain certain similarities. This common field is analyzed as the basis for a new way of managing culture. The case of the ‘Cultural Community’ program is addressed for this purpose., En este texto se analiza la vinculación entre el derecho a la ciudad y los derechos culturales, como mutuamente incluyentes, así como su expresión en el ámbito de las políticas culturales mexicanas. El nexo entre los dos ámbitos de derechos se ha ido fortaleciendo en la medida en que han surgido nuevos instrumentos de reflexión e intervención para lograr sociedades más justas, equitativas, incluyentes y respetuosas de la diferencia. La cultura se convierte, en este contexto, en un recurso necesario para fortalecer la ciudadanía, el diálogo horizontal y la participación incluyente en la configuración de los espacios públicos. Las políticas culturales se han acercado a los planteamientos del derecho a la ciudad y de los derechos culturales, que mantienen ciertas similitudes. Este plano común es analizado como base de una nueva manera de gestionar la cultura. Se aborda, para este fin, el caso del programa ‘Cultura Comunitaria’.