51 results on '"Elena Boggio"'
Search Results
2. Research from University of Piemonte Orientale Reveals New Findings on Pharmaceutics (Use of Poly Lactic-co-glycolic Acid Nano and Micro Particles in the Delivery of Drugs Modulating Different Phases of Inflammation).
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INFLAMMATION ,DRUGS ,UNIVERSITY research ,CHRONIC wounds & injuries ,ANTI-inflammatory agents ,REPORTERS & reporting ,GLYCOLIC acid - Abstract
Keywords: Drugs and Therapies; Health and Medicine; Inflammation; Pharmaceutics EN Drugs and Therapies Health and Medicine Inflammation Pharmaceutics 583 583 1 07/10/23 20230711 NES 230711 2023 JUL 10 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Immunotherapy Weekly -- Investigators publish new report on pharmaceutics. Drugs and Therapies, Health and Medicine, Inflammation, Pharmaceutics. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2023
3. Use of Poly Lactic-co-glycolic Acid Nano and Micro Particles in the Delivery of Drugs Modulating Different Phases of Inflammation.
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Puricelli, Chiara, Gigliotti, Casimiro Luca, Stoppa, Ian, Sacchetti, Sara, Pantham, Deepika, Scomparin, Anna, Rolla, Roberta, Pizzimenti, Stefania, Dianzani, Umberto, Boggio, Elena, and Sutti, Salvatore
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WOUND healing ,DRUGS ,HEALING ,INFLAMMATION ,CARDIOVASCULAR diseases ,ANTI-inflammatory agents - Abstract
Chronic inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of many diseases, including apparently unrelated conditions such as metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, osteoporosis, and tumors, but the use of conventional anti-inflammatory drugs to treat these diseases is generally not very effective given their adverse effects. In addition, some alternative anti-inflammatory medications, such as many natural compounds, have scarce solubility and stability, which are associated with low bioavailability. Therefore, encapsulation within nanoparticles (NPs) may represent an effective strategy to enhance the pharmacological properties of these bioactive molecules, and poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) NPs have been widely used because of their high biocompatibility and biodegradability and possibility to finely tune erosion time, hydrophilic/hydrophobic nature, and mechanical properties by acting on the polymer's composition and preparation technique. Many studies have been focused on the use of PLGA-NPs to deliver immunosuppressive treatments for autoimmune and allergic diseases or to elicit protective immune responses, such as in vaccination and cancer immunotherapy. By contrast, this review is focused on the use of PLGA NPs in preclinical in vivo models of other diseases in which a key role is played by chronic inflammation or unbalance between the protective and reparative phases of inflammation, with a particular focus on intestinal bowel disease; cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, osteoarticular, and ocular diseases; and wound healing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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4. Genes and Microbiota Interaction in Monogenic Autoimmune Disorders.
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Costa, Federica, Beltrami, Eleonora, Mellone, Simona, Sacchetti, Sara, Boggio, Elena, Gigliotti, Casimiro Luca, Stoppa, Ian, Dianzani, Umberto, Rolla, Roberta, and Giordano, Mara
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IMMUNOLOGICAL tolerance ,AUTOIMMUNE diseases ,SYMPTOMS ,RARE diseases ,GENES ,PREVENTIVE medicine - Abstract
Monogenic autoimmune disorders represent an important tool to understand the mechanisms behind central and peripheral immune tolerance. Multiple factors, both genetic and environmental, are known to be involved in the alteration of the immune activation/immune tolerance homeostasis typical of these disorders, making it difficult to control the disease. The latest advances in genetic analysis have contributed to a better and more rapid diagnosis, although the management remains confined to the treatment of clinical manifestations, as there are limited studies on rare diseases. Recently, the correlation between microbiota composition and the onset of autoimmune disorders has been investigated, thus opening up new perspectives on the cure of monogenic autoimmune diseases. In this review, we will summarize the main genetic features of both organ-specific and systemic monogenic autoimmune diseases, reporting on the available literature data on microbiota alterations in these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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5. Platelets, Protean Cells with All-Around Functions and Multifaceted Pharmacological Applications.
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Puricelli, Chiara, Boggio, Elena, Gigliotti, Casimiro Luca, Stoppa, Ian, Sutti, Salvatore, Giordano, Mara, Dianzani, Umberto, and Rolla, Roberta
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CELL physiology ,BLOOD platelets ,ERYTHROCYTES ,BLOOD coagulation factors ,DRUG delivery systems ,REGENERATIVE medicine ,THROMBOEMBOLISM ,EXTRACELLULAR vesicles ,PLATELET-rich plasma - Abstract
Platelets, traditionally known for their roles in hemostasis and coagulation, are the most prevalent blood component after erythrocytes (150,000–400,000 platelets/μL in healthy humans). However, only 10,000 platelets/μL are needed for vessel wall repair and wound healing. Increased knowledge of the platelet's role in hemostasis has led to many advances in understanding that they are crucial mediators in many other physiological processes, such as innate and adaptive immunity. Due to their multiple functions, platelet dysfunction is involved not only in thrombosis, mediating myocardial infarction, stroke, and venous thromboembolism, but also in several other disorders, such as tumors, autoimmune diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. On the other hand, thanks to their multiple functions, nowadays platelets are therapeutic targets in different pathologies, in addition to atherothrombotic diseases; they can be used as an innovative drug delivery system, and their derivatives, such as platelet lysates and platelet extracellular vesicles (pEVs), can be useful in regenerative medicine and many other fields. The protean role of platelets, from the name of Proteus, a Greek mythological divinity who could take on different shapes or aspects, is precisely the focus of this review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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6. Exploiting Nanomedicine for Cancer Polychemotherapy: Recent Advances and Clinical Applications.
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Boggio, Elena, Gigliotti, Casimiro Luca, Stoppa, Ian, Pantham, Deepika, Sacchetti, Sara, Rolla, Roberta, Grattarola, Margherita, Monge, Chiara, Pizzimenti, Stefania, Dianzani, Umberto, Dianzani, Chiara, and Battaglia, Luigi
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COMBINATION drug therapy ,DRUG side effects ,CLINICAL medicine ,COMBINED modality therapy ,MULTIDRUG resistance ,NANOMEDICINE - Abstract
The most important limitations of chemotherapeutic agents are severe side effects and the development of multi-drug resistance. Recently, the clinical successes achieved with immunotherapy have revolutionized the treatment of several advanced-stage malignancies, but most patients do not respond and many of them develop immune-related adverse events. Loading synergistic combinations of different anti-tumor drugs in nanocarriers may enhance their efficacy and reduce life-threatening toxicities. Thereafter, nanomedicines may synergize with pharmacological, immunological, and physical combined treatments, and should be increasingly integrated in multimodal combination therapy regimens. The goal of this manuscript is to provide better understanding and key considerations for developing new combined nanomedicines and nanotheranostics. We will clarify the potential of combined nanomedicine strategies that are designed to target different steps of the cancer growth as well as its microenvironment and immunity interactions. Moreover, we will describe relevant experiments in animal models and discuss issues raised by translation in the human setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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7. A Computational Model for the Release of Bioactive Molecules by the Hydrolytic Degradation of a Functionalized Polyester-Based Scaffold.
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Batoni, Elisa, Bonatti, Amedeo Franco, De Maria, Carmelo, Dalgarno, Kenneth, Naseem, Raasti, Dianzani, Umberto, Gigliotti, Casimiro Luca, Boggio, Elena, and Vozzi, Giovanni
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BONE regeneration ,MOLECULES ,TISSUE engineering ,HEALING - Abstract
This work presents a computational model to study the degradation behavior of polyester-based three-dimensional (3D) functionalized scaffolds for bone regeneration. As a case study, we investigated the behavior of a 3D-printed scaffold presenting a functionalized surface with ICOS-Fc, a bioactive protein able to stimulate bone regeneration and healing, inhibiting osteoclast activity. The aim of the model was to optimize the scaffold design to control its degradation and thus the release of grafted protein over time and space. Two different scenarios were considered: (i) a scaffold without macroporosity presenting a functionalized external surface; and (ii) a scaffold presenting an internal functionalized macroporous architecture with open channels to locally deliver the degradation products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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8. Differential Modulation of Human M1 and M2 Macrophage Activity by ICOS-Mediated ICOSL Triggering.
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Gigliotti, Casimiro Luca, Dianzani, Chiara, Stoppa, Ian, Monge, Chiara, Sutti, Salvatore, Sblattero, Daniele, Puricelli, Chiara, Rolla, Roberta, Dianzani, Umberto, and Boggio, Elena
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CELL migration ,IMMUNE response ,T cells ,INTERLEUKIN-6 ,SECRETION ,INTERLEUKIN-10 - Abstract
Activated T cells express the inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS) that, upon binding to its ubiquitously expressed ligand (ICOSL), regulates the immune response and tissue repair. We sought to determine the effect of ICOS:ICOSL interaction on human M1 and M2 macrophages. M1 and M2 macrophages were polarized from monocyte-derived macrophages, and the effect of a soluble recombinant form of ICOS (ICOS-CH3) was assessed on cytokine production and cell migration. We show that ICOS-CH3 treatment increased the secretion of CCL3 and CCL4 in resting M1 and M2 cells. In LPS-treated M1 cells, ICOS-CH3 inhibited the secretion of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 and CCL4, while it increased that of IL-23. In contrast, M2 cells treated with LPS + IL4 displayed enhanced secretion of IL-6, IL-10, CCL3 and CCL4. In CCL7- or osteopontin-treated M1 cells, ICOS-CH3 boosted the migration rate of M1 cells while it decreased that of M2 cells. Finally, β-Pix expression was upregulated in M1 cells and downregulated in M2 cells by treatment with ICOS-CH3. These findings suggest that ICOSL activation modulates the activity of human M1 and M2 cells, thereby eliciting an overall anti-inflammatory effect consistent with its role in promoting tissue repair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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9. Acknowledgment to the Reviewers of International Journal of Molecular Sciences in 2022.
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Office, IJMS Editorial
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SCHOLARLY publishing ,ELECTRONIC journals - Published
- 2023
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10. Acknowledgment to the Reviewers of Pharmaceutics in 2022.
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SCHOLARLY publishing - Published
- 2023
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11. Acknowledgment to the Reviewers of Antioxidants in 2022.
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ANTIOXIDANTS ,SCHOLARLY publishing - Published
- 2023
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12. Acknowledgment to the Reviewers of Biomedicines in 2022.
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SCHOLARLY publishing - Abstract
I Biomedicines i was able to uphold its high standards for published papers due to the outstanding efforts of our reviewers. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2023
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13. Optimization of an Injectable, Resorbable, Bioactive Cement Able to Release the Anti-Osteoclastogenic Biomolecule ICOS-Fc for the Treatment of Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures.
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Banche-Niclot, Federica, Corvaglia, Ilaria, Cavalera, Caterina, Boggio, Elena, Gigliotti, Casimiro Luca, Dianzani, Umberto, Tzagiollari, Antzela, Dunne, Nicholas, Manca, Antonio, Fiorilli, Sonia, and Vitale-Brovarone, Chiara
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VERTEBRAL fractures ,POWDERED glass ,CEMENT composites ,OSTEOPOROSIS ,CEMENT ,CALCIUM sulfate ,DENTAL glass ionomer cements - Abstract
Vertebral compression fractures are typical of osteoporosis and their treatment can require the injection of a cement through a minimally invasive procedure to restore vertebral body height. This study reports the development of an injectable calcium sulphate-based composite cement able to stimulate bone regeneration while inhibiting osteoclast bone resorption. To this aim, different types of strontium-containing mesoporous glass particles (Sr-MBG) were added to calcium sulphate powder to impart a pro-osteogenic effect, and the influence of their size and textural features on the cement properties was investigated. Anti-osteoclastogenic properties were conferred by incorporating into poly(lactic-co-glycolic)acid (PLGA) nanoparticles, a recombinant protein able to inhibit osteoclast activity (i.e., ICOS-Fc). Radiopaque zirconia nanoparticles (ZrO
2 ) were also added to the formulation to visualize the cement injection under fluoroscopy. The measured cement setting times were suitable for the clinical practice, and static mechanical testing determined a compressive strength of ca. 8 MPa, comparable to that of human vertebral bodies. In vitro release experiments indicated a sustained release of ICOS-Fc and Sr2+ ions up to 28 days. Overall, the developed cement is promising for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures and has the potential to stimulate bone regeneration while releasing a biomolecule able to limit bone resorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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14. Researcher at University of Piemonte Orientale Has Published New Study Findings on Autoimmunity (Genes and Microbiota Interaction in Monogenic Autoimmune Disorders).
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AUTOIMMUNITY ,IMMUNOLOGICAL tolerance ,GENES ,AUTOIMMUNE diseases ,NEWSPAPER editors ,GENETICS - Abstract
Keywords: Autoimmunity; Genetics; Immunology EN Autoimmunity Genetics Immunology 1176 1176 1 04/24/23 20230428 NES 230428 2023 APR 28 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Genomics & Genetics Weekly -- Research findings on autoimmunity are discussed in a new report. According to the news editors, the research concluded: "Recently, the correlation between microbiota composition and the onset of autoimmune disorders has been investigated, thus opening up new perspectives on the cure of monogenic autoimmune diseases. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2023
15. Studies Conducted at University of Piemonte Orientale on Cancer Recently Published (Exploiting Nanomedicine for Cancer Polychemotherapy: Recent Advances and Clinical Applications).
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COMBINATION drug therapy ,CLINICAL medicine ,NANOMEDICINE ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,DRUG side effects - Abstract
Keywords: Cancer; Drugs and Therapies; Emerging Technologies; Health and Medicine; Nanomedicine; Nanomedicines; Nanotechnology; Oncology EN Cancer Drugs and Therapies Emerging Technologies Health and Medicine Nanomedicine Nanomedicines Nanotechnology Oncology 1182 1182 1 04/03/23 20230404 NES 230404 2023 APR 4 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Immunotherapy Weekly -- A new study on cancer is now available. Cancer, Drugs and Therapies, Emerging Technologies, Health and Medicine, Nanomedicines, Nanomedicine, Nanotechnology, Oncology. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2023
16. Parenteral Nanoemulsions Loaded with Combined Immuno- and Chemo-Therapy for Melanoma Treatment.
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Monge, Chiara, Stoppa, Ian, Ferraris, Chiara, Bozza, Annalisa, Battaglia, Luigi, Cangemi, Luigi, Miglio, Gianluca, Pizzimenti, Stefania, Clemente, Nausicaa, Gigliotti, Casimiro Luca, Boggio, Elena, Dianzani, Umberto, and Dianzani, Chiara
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CANCER chemotherapy ,TUMOR growth ,MELANOMA ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,POISONS ,EMULSIONS ,NUTRITION - Abstract
High-grade melanoma remains a major life-threatening illness despite the improvement in therapeutic control that has been achieved by means of targeted therapies and immunotherapies in recent years. This work presents a preclinical-level test of a multi-pronged approach that includes the loading of immunotherapeutic (ICOS-Fc), targeted (sorafenib), and chemotherapeutic (temozolomide) agents within Intralipid
® , which is a biocompatible nanoemulsion with a long history of safe clinical use for total parenteral nutrition. This drug combination has been shown to inhibit tumor growth and angiogenesis with the involvement of the immune system, and a key role is played by ICOS-Fc. The inhibition of tumor growth in subcutaneous melanoma mouse models has been achieved using sub-therapeutic drug doses, which is most likely the result of the nanoemulsion's targeting properties. If translated to the human setting, this approach should therefore allow therapeutic efficacy to be achieved without increasing the risk of toxic effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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17. University of Piemonte Orientale Researcher Discusses Findings in Regenerative Medicine (Platelets, Protean Cells with All-Around Functions and Multifaceted Pharmacological Applications).
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REGENERATIVE medicine ,CELL physiology ,BLOOD platelets - Abstract
Keywords for this news article include: University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy, Europe, Biotechnology, Biomedical Engineering, Biomedicine, Therapy, Pharmacology, Bioengineering, Health and Medicine, Regenerative Medicine. Keywords: Bioengineering; Biomedical Engineering; Biomedicine; Biotechnology; Health and Medicine; Pharmacology; Regenerative Medicine; Therapy EN Bioengineering Biomedical Engineering Biomedicine Biotechnology Health and Medicine Pharmacology Regenerative Medicine Therapy 532 532 1 03/23/23 20230317 NES 230317 2023 MAR 16 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Drug Week -- Data detailed on regenerative medicine have been presented. Bioengineering, Biomedical Engineering, Biomedicine, Biotechnology, Health and Medicine, Pharmacology, Regenerative Medicine, Therapy. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2023
18. Electrospun Collagen Scaffold Bio-Functionalized with Recombinant ICOS-Fc: An Advanced Approach to Promote Bone Remodelling.
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Melo, Priscila, Montalbano, Giorgia, Boggio, Elena, Gigliotti, Casimiro Luca, Dianzani, Chiara, Dianzani, Umberto, Vitale-Brovarone, Chiara, and Fiorilli, Sonia
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BONE remodeling ,TERIPARATIDE ,BONE regeneration ,COLLAGEN ,BONE fractures ,BONE growth ,TISSUE engineering ,POLYCAPROLACTONE - Abstract
The treatment of osteoporotic fractures is a severe clinical issue, especially in cases where low support is provided, e.g., pelvis. New treatments aim to stimulate bone formation in compromised scenarios by using multifunctional biomaterials combined with biofabrication techniques to produce 3D structures (scaffolds) that can support bone formation. Bone's extracellular matrix (ECM) is mainly composed of type I collagen, making this material highly desirable in bone tissue engineering applications, and its bioactivity can be improved by incorporating specific biomolecules. In this work, type I collagen membranes were produced by electrospinning showing a fibre diameter below 200 nm. An optimized one-step strategy allowed to simultaneously crosslink the electrospun membranes and bind ICOS-Fc, a biomolecule able to reversibly inhibit osteoclast activity. The post-treatment did not alter the ECM-like nanostructure of the meshes and the physicochemical properties of collagen. UV-Vis and TGA analyses confirmed both crosslinking and grafting of ICOS-Fc onto the collagen fibres. The preservation of the biological activity of grafted ICOS-Fc was evidenced by the ability to affect the migratory activity of ICOSL-positive cells. The combination of ICOS-Fc with electrospun collagen represents a promising strategy to design multifunctional devices able to boost bone regeneration in osteoporotic fractures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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19. Cutting-Edge Delivery Systems and Adjuvants in Tolerogenic Vaccines: A Review.
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Puricelli, Chiara, Boggio, Elena, Gigliotti, Casimiro Luca, Stoppa, Ian, Sutti, Salvatore, Rolla, Roberta, and Dianzani, Umberto
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DRUG delivery systems ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,VACCINES ,THERAPEUTICS ,VACCINE development ,REGULATORY T cells - Abstract
Conventional therapies for immune-mediated diseases, including autoimmune disorders, transplant reactions, and allergies, have undergone a radical evolution in the last few decades; however, they are still not specific enough to avoid widespread immunosuppression. The idea that vaccine usage could be extended beyond its traditional immunogenic function by encompassing the ability of vaccines to induce antigen-specific tolerance may revolutionize preventive and therapeutic strategies in several clinical fields that deal with immune-mediated disorders. This approach has been supported by improved data relating to the several mechanisms involved in controlling unwanted immune responses and allowing peripheral tolerance. Given these premises, several approaches have been developed to induce peripheral tolerance against the antigens that are involved in the pathological immune response, including allergens, autoantigens, and alloantigens. Technological innovations, such as nucleic acid manipulation and the advent of micro- and nanoparticles, have further supported these novel preventive and therapeutic approaches. This review focuses on the main strategies used in the development of tolerogenic vaccines, including the technological issues used in their design and the role of "inverse adjuvants". Even though most studies are still limited to the preclinical field, the enthusiasm generated by their results has prompted some initial clinical trials, and they show great promise for the future management of immune-mediated pathological conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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20. ICOSL Stimulation by ICOS-Fc Accelerates Cutaneous Wound Healing In Vivo.
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Stoppa, Ian, Gigliotti, Casimiro Luca, Clemente, Nausicaa, Pantham, Deepika, Dianzani, Chiara, Monge, Chiara, Puricelli, Chiara, Rolla, Roberta, Sutti, Salvatore, Renò, Filippo, Boldorini, Renzo, Boggio, Elena, and Dianzani, Umberto
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WOUND healing ,SKIN injuries ,T cells ,HEALING ,IMMUNE response ,MACROPHAGES ,FIBROBLASTS - Abstract
Background: ICOS and its ligand ICOSL are immune receptors whose interaction triggers bidirectional signals that modulate the immune response and tissue repair. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the in vivo effects of ICOSL triggering by ICOS-Fc, a recombinant soluble form of ICOS, on skin wound healing. Methods: The effect of human ICOS-Fc on wound healing was assessed, in vitro, and, in vivo, by skin wound healing assay using ICOS
−/− and ICOSL−/− knockout (KO) mice and NOD-SCID-IL2R null (NSG) mice. Results: We show that, in wild type mice, treatment with ICOS-Fc improves wound healing, promotes angiogenesis, preceded by upregulation of IL-6 and VEGF expression; increases the number of fibroblasts and T cells, whereas it reduces that of neutrophils; and increases the number of M2 vs. M1 macrophages. Fittingly, ICOS-Fc enhanced M2 macrophage migration, while it hampered that of M1 macrophages. ICOS−/− and ICOSL−/− KO, and NSG mice showed delayed wound healing, and treatment with ICOS-Fc improved wound closure in ICOS−/− and NSG mice. Conclusion: These data show that the ICOS/ICOSL network cooperates in tissue repair, and that triggering of ICOSL by ICOS-Fc improves cutaneous wound healing by increasing angiogenesis and recruitment of reparative macrophages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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21. ABSTRACTS (BY NUMBER): These are the abstracts as submitted through the website. Last minute changes, title and presenting changes are not always reflected in this file.
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- 2022
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22. Inducible T‐cell co‐stimulator (ICOS) and ICOS ligand are novel players in the multiple‐myeloma microenvironment.
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Boggio, Elena, Gigliotti, Casimiro Luca, Moia, Riccardo, Scotta, Annamaria, Crespi, Ilaria, Boggione, Paola, De Paoli, Lorenzo, Deambrogi, Clara, Garzaro, Massimiliano, Vidali, Matteo, Chiocchetti, Annalisa, Stoppa, Ian, Rolla, Roberta, Dianzani, Chiara, Monge, Chiara, Clemente, Nausicaa, Gaidano, Gianluca, and Dianzani, Umberto
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T cells ,MULTIPLE myeloma ,CELL migration ,PLASMA cells ,TUMOR markers - Abstract
Summary: The inducible T‐cell co‐stimulator (ICOS) is a T‐cell receptor that, once bound to ICOS ligand (ICOSL) expressed on several cell types including the B‐cell lineage, plays a decisive role in adaptive immunity by regulating the interplay between B and T cells. In addition to its immunomodulatory functions, we have shown that ICOS/ICOSL signalling can inhibit the activity of osteoclasts, unveiling a novel mechanism of lymphocyte–bone cells interactions. ICOS and ICOSL can also be found as soluble forms, namely sICOS and sICOSL. Here we show that: (i) levels of sICOS and sICOSL are increased in multiple myeloma (MM) compared to monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and smouldering MM; (ii) levels of sICOS and sICOSL variably correlate with several markers of tumour burden; and (iii) sICOS levels tend to be higher in Durie–Salmon stage II/III versus stage I MM and correlate with overall survival as an independent variable. Moreover, surface ICOS and ICOSL are expressed in both myeloma cells and normal plasma cells, where they probably regulate different functional stages. Finally, ICOSL triggering inhibits the migration of myeloma cell lines in vitro and the growth of ICOSL+ MOPC‐21 myeloma cells in vivo. These results suggest that ICOS and ICOSL represent novel markers and therapeutic targets for MM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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23. The Gut-Brain-Immune Axis in Autism Spectrum Disorders: A State-of-Art Report.
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Puricelli, Chiara, Rolla, Roberta, Gigliotti, Luca, Boggio, Elena, Beltrami, Eleonora, Dianzani, Umberto, and Keller, Roberto
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AUTISM spectrum disorders ,FECAL microbiota transplantation ,GUT microbiome ,HUMAN microbiota ,MICROORGANISM populations ,DENTAL calculus - Abstract
The interest elicited by the large microbial population colonizing the human gut has ancient origins and has gone through a long evolution during history. However, it is only in the last decades that the introduction of high-throughput technologies has allowed to broaden this research field and to disentangle the numerous implications that gut microbiota has in health and disease. This comprehensive ecosystem, constituted mainly by bacteria but also by fungi, parasites, and viruses, is proven to be involved in several physiological and pathological processes that transcend the intestinal homeostasis and are deeply intertwined with apparently unrelated body systems, such as the immune and the nervous ones. In this regard, a novel speculation is the relationship between the intestinal microbial flora and the pathogenesis of some neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders, including the clinical entities defined under the umbrella term of autism spectrum disorders. The bidirectional interplay has led researchers to coin the term gut-brain-immune system axis, subverting the theory of the brain as an immune-privileged site and underscoring the importance of this reciprocal influence already from fetal life and especially during the pre- and post-natal neurodevelopmental process. This revolutionary theory has also unveiled the possibility to modify the gut microbiota as a way to treat and even to prevent different kinds of pathologies. In this sense, some attempts have been made, ranging from probiotic administration to fecal microbiota transplantation, with promising results that need further elaboration. This state-of-art report will describe the main aspects regarding the human gut microbiome and its specific role in the pathogenesis of autism and its related disorders, with a final discussion on the therapeutic and preventive strategies aiming at creating a healthy intestinal microbial environment, as well as their safety and ethical implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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24. Inducible T-Cell Costimulator Mediates Lymphocyte/Macrophage Interactions During Liver Repair.
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Ramavath, Naresh Naik, Gadipudi, Laila Lavanya, Provera, Alessia, Gigliotti, Luca C., Boggio, Elena, Bozzola, Cristina, Albano, Emanuele, Dianzani, Umberto, and Sutti, Salvatore
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T cells ,LIVER cells ,LIVER ,LYMPHOCYTES ,MACROPHAGES - Abstract
The liver capacity to recover from acute liver injury is a critical factor in the development of acute liver failure (ALF) caused by viral infections, ischemia/reperfusion or drug toxicity. Liver healing requires the switching of pro-inflammatory monocyte-derived macrophages(MoMFs) to a reparative phenotype. However, the mechanisms involved are still incompletely characterized. In this study we investigated the contribution of T-lymphocyte/macrophage interaction through the co-stimulatory molecule Inducible T-cell co-stimulator (ICOS; CD278) and its ligand (ICOSL; CD275) in modulating liver repair. The role of ICOS/ICOSL dyad was investigated during the recovery from acute liver damage induced by a single dose of carbon tetrachloride (CCl
4 ). Flow cytometry of non-parenchymal liver cells obtained from CCl4 -treated wild-type mice revealed that the recovery from acute liver injury associated with a specific up-regulation of ICOS in CD8+ T-lymphocytes and with an increase in ICOSL expression involving CD11bhigh /F4-80+ hepatic MoMFs. Although ICOS deficiency did not influence the severity of liver damage and the evolution of inflammation, CCl4 -treated ICOS knockout (ICOS-/- ) mice showed delayed clearance of liver necrosis and increased mortality. These animals were also characterized by a significant reduction of hepatic reparative MoMFs due to an increased rate of cell apoptosis. An impaired liver healing and loss of reparative MoMFs was similarly evident in ICOSL-deficient mice or following CD8+ T-cells ablation in wild-type mice. The loss of reparative MoMFs was prevented by supplementing CCl4 -treated ICOS-/- mice with recombinant ICOS (ICOS-Fc) which also stimulated full recovery from liver injury. These data demonstrated that CD8+ T-lymphocytes play a key role in supporting the survival of reparative MoMFs during liver healing trough ICOS/ICOSL-mediated signaling. These observations open the possibility of targeting ICOS/ICOSL dyad as a novel tool for promoting efficient healing following acute liver injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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25. Platelets: "multiple choice" effectors in the immune response and their implication in COVID‐19 thromboinflammatory process.
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Rolla, Roberta, Puricelli, Chiara, Bertoni, Alessandra, Boggio, Elena, Gigliotti, Casimiro Luca, Chiocchetti, Annalisa, Cappellano, Giuseppe, and Dianzani, Umberto
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COVID-19 ,BLOOD platelets ,IMMUNE system ,HEMOSTASIS ,IMMUNOLOGICAL adjuvants - Abstract
Although platelets are traditionally recognized for their central role in hemostasis, the presence of chemotactic factors, chemokines, adhesion molecules, and costimulatory molecules in their granules and membranes indicates that they may play an immunomodulatory role in the immune response, flanking their capacity to trigger blood coagulation and inflammation. Indeed, platelets play a role not only in the innate immune response, through the expression of Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) and release of inflammatory cytokines, but also in the adaptive immune response, through expression of key costimulatory molecules and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules capable to activate T cells. Moreover, platelets release huge amounts of extracellular vesicles capable to interact with multiple immune players. The function of platelets thus extends beyond aggregation and implies a multifaceted interplay between hemostasis, inflammation, and the immune response, leading to the amplification of the body's defense processes on one hand, but also potentially degenerating into life‐threatening pathological processes on the other. This narrative review summarizes the current knowledge and the most recent updates on platelet immune functions and interactions with infectious agents, with a particular focus on their involvement in COVID‐19, whose pathogenesis involves a dysregulation of hemostatic and immune processes in which platelets may be determinant causative agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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26. Eltrombopag second‐line therapy in adult patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia in an attempt to achieve sustained remission off‐treatment: results of a phase II, multicentre, prospective study.
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Lucchini, Elisa, Palandri, Francesca, Volpetti, Stefano, Vianelli, Nicola, Auteri, Giuseppe, Rossi, Elena, Patriarca, Andrea, Carli, Giuseppe, Barcellini, Wilma, Celli, Melania, Consoli, Ugo, Valeri, Federica, Santoro, Cristina, Crea, Enrico, Vignetti, Marco, Paoloni, Francesca, Gigliotti, Casimiro Luca, Boggio, Elena, Dianzani, Umberto, and Giardini, Ilaria
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IDIOPATHIC thrombocytopenic purpura ,ELTROMBOPAG ,LYMPHOCYTE subsets ,LONGITUDINAL method ,ADULTS - Abstract
Summary: Up to 30% immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) patients achieve a sustained remission off‐treatment (SROT) after discontinuation of thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO‐RAs). Factors predictive of response are lacking. Patients aged ≥18 years with newly diagnosed or persistent ITP were treated with eltrombopag for 24 weeks. Primary end‐point was SROT: the proportion of responders that were able to taper and discontinue eltrombopag maintaining the response during a period of observation (PO) of six months. Secondary end‐points included the association between some immunological parameters (TPO serum levels, cytokines and lymphocyte subsets) and response. Fifty‐one patients were evaluable. Primary end‐point was achieved in 13/51 (25%) treated patients and 13/34 (38%) patients who started the tapering. Baseline TPO levels were not associated with response at week 24 nor with SROT. Higher baseline levels of IL‐10, IL‐4, TNF‐α and osteopontin were negative factors predictive of response (P = 0·001, 0·008, 0·02 and 0·03 respectively). This study confirms that SROT is feasible for a proportion of ITP patients treated with eltrombopag. Some biological parameters were predictive of response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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27. Vitamin D Supplementation Modulates ICOS+ and ICOS- Regulatory T Cell in Siblings of Children With Type 1 Diabetes.
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Savastio, Silvia, Cadario, Francesco, D’Alfonso, Sandra, Stracuzzi, Marta, Pozzi, Erica, Raviolo, Silvia, Rizzollo, Stefano, Gigliotti, Luca, Boggio, Elena, Bellomo, Giorgio, Basagni, Chiara, Bona, Gianni, Rabbone, Ivana, Dianzani, Umberto, Prodam, Flavia, and D'Alfonso, Sandra
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TYPE 1 diabetes ,SUPPRESSOR cells ,VITAMIN D ,AUTOANTIBODIES ,CHOLECALCIFEROL ,VITAMIN D receptors ,T helper cells ,LYMPHOCYTE metabolism ,RESEARCH ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL cooperation ,EVALUATION research ,LYMPHOCYTES ,DIETARY supplements ,COMPARATIVE studies ,VITAMIN D deficiency ,T cells ,LYMPHOCYTE count - Abstract
Objectives: Vitamin D plays an immunoregulatory activity. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between blood serum 25(OH)D levels and Th17 and Treg circulating subsets, mainly Treg/inducible costimulatory-positive (ICOS+), which seems to have a protective role in autoimmunity, in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) and their healthy siblings (S). The secondary aim was to evaluate the impact of vitamin D supplementation on these subsets.Patients and Methods: 22 T1D and 33 S were enrolled. Glucose, hemoglobin A1c, 25 OH vitamin D (25[OH]D), T helper type 17 (Th17; CD4+CCR6+), regulatory T cells (Treg; CD4+CD25+Foxp3+), and Treg/ICOS+ cells were evaluated. According to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haplotypes, subjects were classified as "at risk" (HLA+), "protective haplotypes" (HLA-; "nested controls"), and "undetermined" (HLAUND). T1D and S subjects were supplemented with cholecalciferol 1000 IU/die and evaluated after 6 months.Results: Vitamin D insufficiency (74.4%) and deficiency (43%) were frequent. S subjects with 25(OH)D levels <25 nmol/L had Th17, Treg (p < 0.01), and Treg/ICOS+ (P < 0.05) percentages higher than subjects with 25(OH)D >75 nmol/L. Treg/ICOS+ percentages (P < 0.05) were higher in HLA- S subjects compared to percentages observed in S with T1D. At baseline, in S subjects, a decreasing trend in Th17 and Treg/ICOS+ values (P < 0.05) from vitamin D deficiency to sufficiency was observed; 25(OH)D levels were negative predictors of Treg/ICOS+ (R2 = 0.301) and Th17 percentages (R2 = 0.138). After 6 months, supplemented S subjects showed higher 25(OH)D levels (P < 0.0001), and lower Th17 (P < 0.0001) and Treg/ICOS+ (P < 0.05) percentages than at baseline; supplemented T1D patients only had a decrease in Th17 levels (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Serum 25(OH)D levels seem to affect Th17 and Treg cell subsets in S subjects, consistent with its immunomodulating role. HLA role should be investigated in a larger population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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28. Paclitaxel-Loaded Nanosponges Inhibit Growth and Angiogenesis in Melanoma Cell Models.
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Clemente, Nausicaa, Argenziano, Monica, Gigliotti, Casimiro Luca, Ferrara, Benedetta, Boggio, Elena, Chiocchetti, Annalisa, Caldera, Fabrizio, Trotta, Francesco, Benetti, Elisa, Annaratone, Laura, Ribero, Simone, Pizzimenti, Stefania, Barrera, Giuseppina, Dianzani, Umberto, Cavalli, Roberta, and Dianzani, Chiara
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NEOVASCULARIZATION ,CANCER cell culture ,CELL migration ,MELANOMA ,CELL analysis ,CELL motility - Abstract
This study investigated the effects of free paclitaxel (PTX) and PTX-loaded in pyromellitic nanosponges (PTX-PNS) in reducing in vitro and in vivo melanoma cell growth and invasivity, and in inhibiting angiogenesis. To test the response of cells to the two PTX formulations, the cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay in seven continuous cell lines, in primary melanoma cells, both in 2D and 3D cultures, and in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) after exposure to different concentrations of PTX or PTX-PNS. Cell motility was assessed by a scratch assay or Boyden chamber assay, evaluating cell migration in presence or absence of diverse concentrations of PTX or PTX-PNS. The effect of PTX and PTX-PNS on angiogenesis was evaluated as endothelial tube formation assay, a test able to estimate the formation of three-dimensional vessels in vitro. To assess the anticancer effect of PTX and PTX-PNS in in vivo experiments, the two drug formulations were tested in a melanoma mouse model obtained by B16-BL6 cell implantation in C57/BL6 mice. Results obtained were as follows: 1) MTT analysis revealed that cell proliferation was more affected by PTX-PNS than by PTX in all tested cell lines, in both 2D and 3D cultures; 2) the analysis of the cell migration showed that PTX-PNS acted at very lower concentrations than PTX; 3) tube formation assay showed that PTX-PNS were more effective in inhibiting tube formation than free PTX; and 4) in vivo experiments demonstrated that tumor weights, volumes, and growth were significantly reduced by PTX-PNS treatment with respect to PTX; the angiogenesis and the cell proliferation, detected in the tumor samples with CD31 and Ki-67 antibodies, respectively, indicated that, in the PTX-PNS-treated tumors, the tube formation was inhibited, and a low amount of proliferating cells was present. Taken together, our data demonstrated that our new PTX nanoformulation can respond to some important issues related to PTX treatment, lowering the anti-tumor effective doses and increasing the effectiveness in inhibiting melanoma growth in vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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29. Study Findings from University of Piemonte Orientale Broaden Understanding of Mononuclear Phagocyte System [Role of the co-stimulatory molecule inducible T-cell co-stimulator ligand (ICOSL) in the progression of experimental metabolic...].
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RETICULO-endothelial system ,CONNECTIVE tissue cells ,BONE marrow cells ,T cells ,HEPATIC fibrosis - Abstract
A study conducted by researchers at the University of Piemonte Orientale in Novara, Italy, explores the role of the co-stimulatory molecule inducible T-cell co-stimulator ligand (ICOSL) in the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). The study found that ICOS was up-regulated on CD8+ T-cells and ICOSL was expressed by macrophages in animal models of MASH. Additionally, ICOSL deficiency in mice resulted in milder steatohepatitis and reduced liver fibrosis. The findings suggest that the interaction between CD8+ T-cells and monocyte-derived macrophages through ICOS/ICOSL contributes to the development of steatohepatitis and that targeting ICOS/ICOSL could be a potential therapeutic intervention for MASH. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2023
30. Anti-rasburicase antibodies induce clinical refractoriness by inhibiting the enzyme catalytic activity.
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Moia, Riccardo, Boggio, Elena, Gigliotti, Luca, Crisà, Elena, De Paoli, Lorenzo, Margiotta Casaluci, Gloria, Rolla, Roberta, Patriarca, Andrea, Gaidano, Gianluca, Dianzani, Umberto, and Bruna, Riccardo
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BORTEZOMIB ,URIC acid ,TUMOR lysis syndrome ,CATALYTIC activity ,IMMUNOGLOBULINS ,ENZYMES - Abstract
Keywords: antibodies response; multiple myeloma; rasburicase; tumor lysis syndrome EN antibodies response multiple myeloma rasburicase tumor lysis syndrome 204 206 3 04/09/20 20200401 NES 200401 Rasburicase is a recombinant urate oxidase enzyme that rapidly metabolizes uric acid into allantoin, a more soluble and rapidly secreted metabolite.[[1], [3]] Since the rasburicase protein is derived from genetically modified I Saccharomyces cerevisiae i , it may have immunogenic properties and may elicit antibody responses in humans.[[4]] In one pivotal trial, anti-rasburicase antibodies (rasAbs) were detected in 14% of patients,[6] whereas in another trial, no antibodies were detected at day 14 after first exposure.[7] To the best of our knowledge, the clinical and functional consequences of rasAbs development are unclear, and it has not been documented whether rasAbs might inhibit the catalytic activity of the enzyme. In order to verify whether the rasAbs levels remained stable over time, rasAbs were analyzed in the patient's serum collected 1 week and 1 month after the detection of rasAbs. The patient's level of allantoin slightly decreased over time, conceivably because of uric acid reduction in the patient's serum since the resume of anti-MM therapy. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2020
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31. Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Carrying Temozolomide for Melanoma Treatment. Preliminary In Vitro and In Vivo Studies.
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Clemente, Nausicaa, Ferrara, Benedetta, Gigliotti, Casimiro Luca, Boggio, Elena, Capucchio, Maria Teresa, Biasibetti, Elena, Schiffer, Davide, Mellai, Marta, Annovazzi, Laura, Cangemi, Luigi, Muntoni, Elisabetta, Miglio, Gianluca, Dianzani, Umberto, Battaglia, Luigi, and Dianzani, Chiara
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DRUG delivery systems ,TEMOZOLOMIDE ,MELANOMA treatment ,GLIOBLASTOMA multiforme treatment ,NANOPARTICLES ,DNA ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Aim: To develop an innovative delivery system for temozolomide (TMZ) in solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN), which has been preliminarily investigated for the treatment of melanoma. Materials and Methods: SLN-TMZ was obtained through fatty acid coacervation. Its pharmacological effects were assessed and compared with free TMZ in in vitro and in vivo models of melanoma and glioblastoma. Results: Compared to the standard free TMZ, SLN-TMZ exerted larger effects, when cell proliferation of melanoma cells, and neoangiogeneis were evaluated. SLN-TMZ also inhibited growth and vascularization of B16-F10 melanoma in C57/BL6 mice, without apparent toxic effects. Conclusion: SLN could be a promising strategy for the delivery of TMZ, allowing an increased stability of the drug and thereby its employment in the treatment of aggressive malignacies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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32. Development and Characterization of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Loaded with a Highly Active Doxorubicin Derivative.
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Stella, Barbara, Peira, Elena, Dianzani, Chiara, Gallarate, Marina, Battaglia, Luigi, Gigliotti, Casimiro Luca, Boggio, Elena, Dianzani, Umberto, and Dosio, Franco
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NANOPARTICLES ,DOXORUBICIN - Abstract
Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) comprise a versatile drug delivery system that has been developed for the treatment of a variety of diseases. The present study will investigate the feasibility of entrapping an active doxorubicin prodrug (a squalenoyl-derivative) in SLNs. The doxorubicin derivative-loaded SLNs are spherically shaped, have a mean diameter of 300-400 nm and show 85% w/w drug entrapment efficiency. The effects on cell growth of loaded SLNs, free doxorubicin and the prodrug have been examined using cytotoxicity and colony-forming assays in both human ovarian cancer line A2780 wild-type and doxorubicin-resistant cells. Further assessments as to the treatment's ability to induce cell death by apoptosis have been carried out by analyzing annexin-V staining and the activation of caspase-3. The in vitro data demonstrate that the delivery of the squalenoyl-doxorubicin derivative by SLNs increases its cytotoxic activity, as well as its apoptosis effect. This effect was particularly evident in doxorubicin-resistant cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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33. Decreased function of Fas and variations of the perforin gene in adult patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia.
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Boggio, Elena, Gigliotti, Casimiro L., Rossi, Davide, Toffoletti, Eleonora, Cappellano, Giuseppe, Clemente, Nausicaa, Puglisi, Simona, Lunghi, Monia, Cerri, Michaela, Vianelli, Nicola, Cantoni, Silvia, Tieghi, Alessia, Beggiato, Eloise, Gaidano, Gianluca, Comi, Cristoforo, Chiocchetti, Annalisa, Fanin, Renato, Dianzani, Umberto, and Zaja, Francesco
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THROMBOCYTOPENIA treatment ,FAS proteins ,PERFORINS ,IMMUNE response ,DENDRITIC cells - Abstract
A defective switching off of the immune response is involved in several autoimmune diseases. This switching off involves Fas-mediated apoptosis, perforin-mediated fratricide of activated lymphocytes, and the suppressive activity of regulatory T (Treg) cells. These mechanisms are altered in autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome that often displays autoimmune thrombocytopenia. The aim of this research was to evaluate these mechanisms in adult patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia ( ITP), compared with healthy controls. The results show that a substantial subgroup of the ITP patients displayed a defective Fas function; most of them displayed decreased Fas expression in T cells activated in vitro. Moreover, ITP patients displayed an increased frequency of rare missense variations of the PRF1 gene and decreased levels of Treg. Immunological analysis showed that levels of Interleukin ( IL)10 and IL17 were decreased and marginal zone B cells were increased. Moreover, myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells were decreased in ITP patients. In conclusion, in adult ITP patients, several mechanisms involved in shutting off the immune response are defective and several immunological parameters are dysregulated; these alterations may play a role in the clinical heterogeneity of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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34. Enhanced cytotoxic effect of camptothecin nanosponges in anaplastic thyroid cancer cells in vitro and in vivo on orthotopic xenograft tumors.
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Gigliotti, Casimiro Luca, Ferrara, Benedetta, Occhipinti, Sergio, Boggio, Elena, Barrera, Giuseppina, Pizzimenti, Stefania, Giovarelli, Mirella, Fantozzi, Roberto, Chiocchetti, Annalisa, Argenziano, Monica, Clemente, Nausicaa, Trotta, Francesco, Marchiò, Caterina, Annaratone, Laura, Boldorini, Renzo, Dianzani, Umberto, Cavalli, Roberta, and Dianzani, Chiara
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CAMPTOTHECIN ,ANTINEOPLASTIC agents ,DNA topoisomerase I ,ANAPLASTIC thyroid cancer ,THYROID cancer treatment - Abstract
Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid (ATC) is a lethal human malignant cancer with median survival of 6 months. To date, no treatment has substantially changed its course, which makes urgent need for the development of novel drugs or novel formulations for drug delivery. Nanomedicine has enormous potential to improve the accuracy of cancer therapy by enhancing availability and stability, decreasing effective doses and reducing side effects of drugs. Camptothecin (CPT) is an inhibitor of DNA topoisomerase-I with several anticancer properties but has poor solubility and a high degradation rate. Previously, we reported that CPT encapsulated in β-cyclodextrin-nanosponges (CN-CPT) increased solubility, was protected from degradation and inhibited the growth of prostate tumor cells bothin vitroandin vivo. The aim of this study was to extend that work by assessing the CN-CPT effectiveness on ATC bothin vitroandin vivo. Results showed that CN-CPT significantly inhibited viability, clonogenic capacity and cell-cycle progression of ATC cell lines showing a faster and enhanced effect compared to free CPT. Moreover, CN-CPT inhibited tumor cell adhesion to vascular endothelial cells, migration, secretion of pro-angiogenic factors (IL-8 and VEGF-α), expression of β-PIX, belonging to the Rho family activators, and phosphorylation of the Erk1/2 MAPK. Finally, CN-CPT significantly inhibited the growth, the metastatization and the vascularization of orthotopic ATC xenografts in SCID/beige mice without apparent toxic effectsin vivo. This work extends the previous insight showing that β-cyclodextrin-nanosponges are a promising tool for the treatment of ATC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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35. Studies from University of Piemonte Orientale Describe New Findings in CC Chemokines (Differential Modulation of Human M1 and M2 Macrophage Activity by ICOS-Mediated ICOSL Triggering).
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CHEMOKINES ,CONNECTIVE tissue cells ,MACROPHAGES ,SIGNAL peptides ,MYELOID cells - Abstract
In CCL7- or osteopontin-treated M1 cells, ICOS-CH3 boosted the migration rate of M1 cells while it decreased that of M2 cells." Keywords: Biological Factors; CC Chemokines; Chemokine CCL4; Connective Tissue Cells; Cytokines; Health and Medicine; Immunology; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; Macrophages; Mononuclear Phagocyte System; Myeloid Cells; Peptides; Phagocytes; Proteins EN Biological Factors CC Chemokines Chemokine CCL4 Connective Tissue Cells Cytokines Health and Medicine Immunology Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins Macrophages Mononuclear Phagocyte System Myeloid Cells Peptides Phagocytes Proteins 6821 6821 1 03/23/23 20230303 NES 230303 2023 MAR 3 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- Researchers detail new data in CC chemokines. M1 and M2 macrophages were polarized from monocyte-derived macrophages, and the effect of a soluble recombinant form of ICOS (ICOS-CH3) was assessed on cytokine production and cell migration. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2023
36. Research from Polytechnic University Torino Reveals New Findings on Tissue Engineering (Optimization of an Injectable, Resorbable, Bioactive Cement Able to Release the Anti-Osteoclastogenic Biomolecule ICOS-Fc for the Treatment of Osteoporotic ...).
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TISSUE engineering ,OSTEOPOROSIS ,STRONTIUM ,SILICATE cements (Dentistry) ,CEMENT ,VERTEBRAL fractures ,APPLIED sciences - Abstract
Overall, the developed cement is promising for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures and has the potential to stimulate bone regeneration while releasing a biomolecule able to limit bone resorption." Keywords: Biomedical Engineering; Bone Regeneration; Bone Research; Compression Fractures; Emerging Technologies; Health and Medicine; Nanoparticles; Nanotechnology; Regenerative Medicine; Tissue Engineering EN Biomedical Engineering Bone Regeneration Bone Research Compression Fractures Emerging Technologies Health and Medicine Nanoparticles Nanotechnology Regenerative Medicine Tissue Engineering 2023 FEB 9 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Blood Weekly -- New research on tissue engineering is the subject of a new report. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
37. Acknowledgment to Reviewers of IJMS in 2021.
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SCHOLARLY publishing - Abstract
Thanks to the great efforts of our reviewers, I IJMS i was able to maintain its standards for the high quality of its published papers. Rigorous peer-reviews are the basis of high-quality academic publishing. Thanks to the contribution of our reviewers, in 2021, the median time to first decision was 16 days and the median time to publication was 34 days. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2022
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38. Acknowledgment to Reviewers of Biomedicines in 2021.
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SCHOLARLY publishing - Published
- 2022
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39. Inducible T-Cell Costimulator Ligand Plays a Dual Role in Melanoma Metastasis upon Binding to Osteopontin or Inducible T-Cell Costimulator.
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Raineri, Davide, Cappellano, Giuseppe, Vilardo, Beatrice, Maione, Federica, Clemente, Nausicaa, Canciani, Elena, Boggio, Elena, Gigliotti, Casimiro Luca, Monge, Chiara, Dianzani, Chiara, Boldorini, Renzo, Dianzani, Umberto, and Chiocchetti, Annalisa
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OSTEOPONTIN ,T cells ,MYELOID cells ,MELANOMA ,METASTASIS - Abstract
Recently, we demonstrated that inducible T-cell costimulator (ICOS) shares its unique ligand (ICOSL) with osteopontin (OPN), and OPN/ICOSL binding promotes tumor metastasis and angiogenesis in the 4T1 breast cancer model. Literature showed that OPN promotes melanoma metastasis by suppressing T-cell activation and recruiting myeloid suppressor cells (MDSC). On the opposite, ICOS/ICOSL interaction usually sustains an antitumor response. Here, we engineered murine B16F10 melanoma cells, by transfecting or silencing ICOSL. In vitro data showed that loss of ICOSL favors anchorage-independent growth and induces more metastases in vivo, compared to ICOSL expressing cells. To dissect individual roles of the three molecules, we compared data from C57BL/6 with those from OPN-KO, ICOS-KO, and ICOSL-KO mice, missing one partner at a time. We found that OPN produced by the tumor microenvironment (TME) favors the metastasis by interacting with stromal ICOSL. This activity is dominantly inhibited by ICOS expressed on TME by promoting Treg expansion. Importantly, we also show that OPN and ICOSL highly interact in human melanoma metastases compared to primary tumors. Interfering with this binding may be explored in immunotherapy either for nonresponding or patients resistant to conventional therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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40. Franco Simone e il Barocco.
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DALLA VALLE, DANIELA
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BAROQUE literature -- History & criticism ,17TH century French literature ,INFLUENCE (Literary, artistic, etc.) ,SCHOLARS ,HISTORY ,TWENTIETH century ,LITERARY criticism ,FRENCH literature - Abstract
The article discusses the studies of Italian scholar of French history and literature Franco Simone on the Baroque period of French literature. Reference is made to scholarship undertaken by Simone in the period from 1953 to 1972. Topics discussed include the concept of the period and its date range developed by Simone, the relationship between the concept of the French Baroque and the writing of French authors Giovanni Getto and Jean Rousset, and the influence of Simone and his work on later scholars and on the journal "Studi Francesi."
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- 2013
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41. Serum levels of osteopontin are increased in SIRS and sepsis.
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Vaschetto, Rosanna, Nicola, Stefania, Olivieri, Carlo, Boggio, Elena, Piccolella, Fabio, Mesturini, Riccardo, Damnotti, Federica, Colombo, Davide, Navalesi, Paolo, Della Corte, Francesco, Dianzani, Umberto, and Chiocchetti, Annalisa
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SEPSIS ,OSTEOPONTIN ,IMMUNE response ,MULTIPLE organ failure ,EXTRACELLULAR matrix ,INTENSIVE care units ,SERUM - Abstract
In sepsis, dysregulation of the immune response leads to rapid multiorgan failure and death. Accurate and timely diagnosis is lifesaving and should discriminate sepsis from the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) caused by non-infectious agents. Osteopontin acts as an extracellular matrix component or a soluble cytokine in inflamed tissues. Its exact role in immune response and sepsis remains to be elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the role of osteopontin in SIRS and sepsis. Prospective, observational study. Intensive care unit of a university hospital. Fifty-six patients with SIRS or sepsis and 56 healthy subjects were enrolled. We analyzed the serum levels of osteopontin and TH1–TH2 cytokines and investigated the role of osteopontin on interleukin 6 secretion by monocytes. Serum osteopontin levels were strikingly higher in patients than in controls and in sepsis than in SIRS, and decreased during the resolution of both the disorders. Receiver operating characteristic curves showed that osteopontin levels have discriminative power between SIRS and sepsis with an area under the curve of 0.796. Osteopontin levels directly correlated with those of interleukin 6 and in vitro, recombinant osteopontin increased interleukin 6 secretion by monocytes in both the absence and presence of high doses of lipopolysaccharide. These data suggest that osteopontin might be a mediator involved in the pathogenesis of SIRS and sepsis, possibly by supporting interleukin 6 secretion. 45. SIRS/Sepsis: clinical studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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42. Sr-Containing Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses Bio-Functionalized with Recombinant ICOS-Fc: An In Vitro Study.
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Fiorilli, Sonia, Pagani, Mattia, Boggio, Elena, Gigliotti, Casimiro Luca, Dianzani, Chiara, Gauthier, Rémy, Pontremoli, Carlotta, Montalbano, Giorgia, Dianzani, Umberto, and Vitale-Brovarone, Chiara
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BIOACTIVE glasses ,BONE resorption ,BONE remodeling ,STRONTIUM ions ,LIGAND binding (Biochemistry) ,BONE regeneration - Abstract
Osteoporotic bone fractures represent a critical clinical issue and require personalized and specific treatments in order to stimulate compromised bone tissue regeneration. In this clinical context, the development of smart nano-biomaterials able to synergistically combine chemical and biological cues to exert specific therapeutic effects (i.e., pro-osteogenic, anti-clastogenic) can allow the design of effective medical solutions. With this aim, in this work, strontium-containing mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) were bio-functionalized with ICOS-Fc, a molecule able to reversibly inhibit osteoclast activity by binding the respective ligand (ICOS-L) and to induce a decrease of bone resorption activity. N
2 adsorption analysis and FT-IR spectroscopy were used to assess the successful grafting of ICOS-Fc on the surface of Sr-containing MBGs, which were also proved to retain the peculiar ability to release osteogenic strontium ions and an excellent bioactivity after functionalization. An ELISA-like assay allowed to confirm that grafted ICOS-Fc molecules were able to bind ICOS-L (the ICOS binding ligand) and to investigate the stability of the amide binding to hydrolysis in aqueous environment up to 21 days. In analogy to the free form of the molecule, the inhibitory effect of grafted ICOS-Fc on cell migratory activity was demonstrated by using ICOSL positive cell lines and the ability to inhibit osteoclast differentiation and function was confirmed by monitoring the differentiation of monocyte-derived osteoclasts (MDOCs), which revealed a strong inhibitory effect, also proven by the downregulation of osteoclast differentiation genes. The obtained results showed that the combination of ICOS-Fc with the intrinsic properties of Sr-containing MBGs represents a very promising approach to design personalized solutions for patients affected by compromised bone remodeling (i.e., osteoporosis fractures). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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43. Osteopontin binds ICOSL promoting tumor metastasis.
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Raineri, Davide, Dianzani, Chiara, Cappellano, Giuseppe, Maione, Federica, Baldanzi, Gianluca, Iacobucci, Ilaria, Clemente, Nausicaa, Baldone, Giulia, Boggio, Elena, Gigliotti, Casimiro L., Boldorini, Renzo, Rojo, Josè M., Monti, Maria, Birolo, Leila, Dianzani, Umberto, and Chiocchetti, Annalisa
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OSTEOPONTIN ,METASTASIS ,IMMUNOGLOBULINS ,BIOLOGICAL assay ,IMMUNIZATION - Abstract
ICOSL/ICOS are costimulatory molecules pertaining to immune checkpoints; their binding transduces signals having anti-tumor activity. Osteopontin (OPN) is here identified as a ligand for ICOSL. OPN binds a different domain from that used by ICOS, and the binding induces a conformational change in OPN, exposing domains that are relevant for its functions. Here we show that in vitro, ICOSL triggering by OPN induces cell migration, while inhibiting anchorage-independent cell growth. The mouse 4T1 breast cancer model confirms these data. In vivo, OPN-triggering of ICOSL increases angiogenesis and tumor metastatization. The findings shed new light on ICOSL function and indicate that another partner beside ICOS may be involved; they also provide a rationale for developing alternative therapeutic approaches targeting this molecular trio. Davide Raineri, Chiara Dianzani et al. show that osteopontin binds ICOSL at a different domain than the one used by ICOS. Activation of ICOSL by osteopontin induces cell migration in vitro and tumor metastatization in a 4T1 breast cancer mouse model; highlighting the functional role of this interaction in cancer progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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44. Nanoemulsions as Delivery Systems for Poly-Chemotherapy Aiming at Melanoma Treatment.
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Dianzani, Chiara, Monge, Chiara, Miglio, Gianluca, Serpe, Loredana, Martina, Katia, Cangemi, Luigi, Ferraris, Chiara, Mioletti, Silvia, Osella, Sara, Gigliotti, Casimiro Luca, Boggio, Elena, Clemente, Nausicaa, Dianzani, Umberto, and Battaglia, Luigi
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DISEASE relapse prevention ,ANIMAL experimentation ,ANTINEOPLASTIC agents ,BIOLOGICAL models ,CANCER chemotherapy ,CELL lines ,COMBINATION drug therapy ,DRUG delivery systems ,EMULSIONS ,INTRAVENOUS fat emulsions ,MELANOMA ,MICE ,NANOPARTICLES ,NANOTECHNOLOGY ,PARENTERAL feeding ,QUALITY assurance ,RAPAMYCIN ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,BEVACIZUMAB ,CELL migration inhibition ,IN vitro studies ,TEMOZOLOMIDE ,IN vivo studies ,PHARMACODYNAMICS - Abstract
Aims: Advanced melanoma is characterized by poor outcome. Despite the number of treatments having been increased over the last decade, current pharmacological strategies are only partially effective. Therefore, the improvement of the current systemic therapy is worthy of investigation. Methods: a nanotechnology-based poly-chemotherapy was tested at preclinical level. Temozolomide, rapamycin, and bevacizumab were co-loaded as injectable nanoemulsions for total parenteral nutrition (Intralipid
® ), due to suitable devices, and preliminarily tested in vitro on human and mouse cell models and in vivo on the B16-F10 melanoma mouse model. Results: Drug combination was efficiently loaded in the liquid lipid matrix of Intralipid® , including bevacizumab monoclonal antibody, leading to a fast internalization in tumour cells. An increased cytotoxicity towards melanoma cells, as well as an improved inhibition of tumour relapse, migration, and angiogenesis were demonstrated in cell models for the Intralipid® -loaded drug combinations. In preliminary in vivo studies, the proposed approach was able to reduce tumour growth significantly, compared to controls. A relevant efficacy towards tumour angiogenesis and mitotic index was determined and immune response was involved. Conclusions: In these preliminary studies, Intralipid® proved to be a safe and versatile poly-chemotherapy delivery system for advanced melanoma treatment, by acting on multiple mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Improvement in the Anti-Tumor Efficacy of Doxorubicin Nanosponges in In Vitro and in Mice Bearing Breast Tumor Models.
- Author
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Argenziano, Monica, Gigliotti, Casimiro Luca, Clemente, Nausicaa, Boggio, Elena, Ferrara, Benedetta, Trotta, Francesco, Pizzimenti, Stefania, Barrera, Giuseppina, Boldorini, Renzo, Bessone, Federica, Dianzani, Umberto, Cavalli, Roberta, and Dianzani, Chiara
- Subjects
ANTINEOPLASTIC agents ,CELL proliferation ,ANIMAL experimentation ,APOPTOSIS ,BREAST tumors ,CARDIOTOXICITY ,CELL cycle ,CELL lines ,DOXORUBICIN ,MICE ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,IN vitro studies ,IN vivo studies ,EVALUATION - Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anthracycline widely used in cancer therapy and in particular in breast cancer treatment. The treatment with DOX appears successful, but it is limited by a severe cardiotoxicity. This work evaluated the in vitro and in vivo anticancer effect of a new formulation of β-cyclodextrin nanosponges containing DOX (BNS-DOX). The BNS-DOX effectiveness was evaluated in human and mouse breast cancer cell lines in vitro in terms of effect on cell growth, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis induction; and in vivo in BALB-neuT mice developing spontaneous breast cancer in terms of biodistribution, cancer growth inhibition, and heart toxicity. BNS-DOX significantly inhibited cancer cell proliferation, through the induction of apoptosis, with higher efficiency than free DOX. The breast cancer growth in BALB-neuT mice was inhibited by 60% by a BNS-DOX dose five times lower than the DOX therapeutic dose, with substantial reduction of tumor neoangiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Biodistribution after BNS-DOX treatment revealed a high accumulation of DOX in the tumor site and a low accumulation in the hearts of mice. Results indicated that use of BNS may be an efficient strategy to deliver DOX in the treatment of breast cancer, since it improves the anti-cancer effectiveness and reduces cardiotoxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Diplomatic List.
- Subjects
DIPLOMATIC & consular service - Abstract
The article presents a list of names of members of the diplomatic staffs and their spouses published by the U.S. Department of State's Office of the Chief of Protocol including John Hamilton Watts, Philipp Marxgut, and Richard Chibuwe, embassies of Australia, Austria, and Zimbabwe respectively.
- Published
- 2015
47. Diplomatic List.
- Subjects
DIPLOMATS - Abstract
The article lists the names of the members of the U.S. diplomatic staffs of all missions and their spouses, wherein the diplomats include Collin D. Beck, Hunaina Sultan Ahmed Al Mughairy, and Marlene Inemwin Moses.
- Published
- 2015
48. Diplomatic List.
- Subjects
DIPLOMATS ,SPOUSES - Abstract
A list of the members of the diplomatic staff of all missions and their spouses compiled as of October 30, 2014, is presented, along with a list of national holidays and order of precedence and date of presentation of credentials.
- Published
- 2014
49. Diplomatic List.
- Subjects
DIPLOMATS - Abstract
A list of the members of the diplomatic staffs of all missions and their spouses is presented, including His Excellency Eklil Ahmad Hakimi of Afghanistan, His Excellency John Ernest Beale of Barbados, and His Excellency Omar Arouna of Benin.
- Published
- 2014
50. Diplomatic List.
- Subjects
HOLIDAYS ,EMAIL ,DIPLOMATIC & consular service ,DIPLOMATS ,DIPLOMACY - Abstract
The article presents several lists including website and e-mail addresses of embassies, national holidays and diplomats across the world and presents information on diplomatic agent.
- Published
- 2014
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