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The article focuses on the plan to license the "Aero-Hydro" paper process developed by engineer H. Scherbak to American paper manufacturers. It states that Russia and Germany have the exclusive rights on the process because Scherbak communicated with the countries for the manufacture of the process. It says that changes which would suit the process in paper machines are inexpensive. It adds that resistance to acids can be added to the process if it will be changed into the manufacture line.

This article presents information about political developments around the world during the week as of February 22, 1917. Berlin's figures for submarine sinkings began by agreeing with Lloyd's figures, but have since steadily diverged. What appears to be an effort to impose new German war taxes, sufficient to cover annual interest on the war debt, is reported from Berlin through Amsterdam. The request of the news-print manufacturers that the U.S. Federal Trade Commission fix the prices of paper during the period from March 1 to September 1 is, perhaps, the logical outcome of the activities of that the commission during the last eight months.

A few minutes after Congress declared war against Germany and Italy, WRUL in Boston, WGY in Schenectady, and BBC in London flashed the word to the occupied countries by short-wave radio. These powerful illegal radios rebroadcast the news to hundreds of mobile stations throughout the Continent. Special editions of newspapers, pamphlets, news sheets, letters, and slogans soon flooded the countryside. From the underground press the Allies obtain strategic information, military and civilian, that could not be obtained in any other way. As the war lengthens, as suffering increases, nationalistic differences are breaking down more and more into the realization that democracy, mutual aid, and cooperation are essentials for any future peaceful Europe. This is the basic principle of Europe's underground press.

The article discusses the foreign currency and commercial paper paid out by the Reichsbank and the Ministry of Finance in Germany for reparation purposes. The author gives an overview of the London schedule of payments for German reparations, and the problems it caused for Germany's exporting business and the valuation of its currency. He then points out that after the payment schedule was made, the German government slacked on its reparation payments, even though they were adequately collected by the Reichsbank on exports as stipulated. Information on how this affected American trade with Europe is included.

The article reports that war-born German developments have provided a technical boost and opened vast prospects for the U.S. acetylene industry. Germany made use of acetylene in the absence of normal supply sources for petroleum. Walter Reppe, director of research for I.G. Farbenindustrie AG, found the use of acetylene as the organic building material for synthetic rubber, synthetic lubricants, plastics, adhesives, and textile finishes.

The article reports on the social and political developments in the world during 1923. Gustav Stresemann, the Chancellor of Germany has determined upon complete and unconditional surrender to the French demand for abandonment of passive resistance in the Ruhr, Germany. New York without its customary newspapers was a curious sight to those accustomed to the solid rows of papers that usually hide men's faces in the subways and on the elevated. It was a revelation of the function of the modern daily newspaper, to supply unreal entertainment as a relief from real monotony.

This article discusses economic effects of the Paris Resolution. The Bureau of the League of Nations estimates the average income in Germany at about 3,900 marks paper, as against about 3,200 francs in France. An additional charge of 1,000 marks paper would raise the proportion of charges in Germany to 41 per cent of the average income, as against 12.2 per cent in France, without taking into account the additional 12 per cent of the exports, but considering only the annuity. The balance remaining for living expenses would therefore be about 2,300 marks paper annually in Germany, 2,810 francs, i.e., about 11,800 marks paper in France.

The article reports on the move of U.S. President John Kennedy whose total occupation was turning toward action not only for Berlin but for the whole world. It states that after last-minute revisions, the president will answer to Nikita Khrushchev's last-month memorandum on Berlin. Additionally, the State Department will release a White Paper on Berlin to further justify the Western stand and then, Kennedy will also summon congressional leaders to brief them on U.S. plans.

This section offers news briefs related to businesses outside the U.S. as of September 1937. Exporters in Germany fear drastic decline in their performance since an outbreak of hostilities in Shanghai, China was reported. Businesses in London, England expect an improvement in their income despite the increased materials costs during the year. The Russian government launched a program which aims to promote the daily production of several commodities like coal, steel and oil.

The article offers information on the business achievement and corporate establishments of German industrialist Friedrich Flick as the most powerful industrialist and richest man in Germany. It outlines the business performance of Flick's four pillars including Maximilianshuette, Suedwestfalen and Buderus, Daimler-Benz AG for automobiles, Feldmuele as paper company and Dynamit Nobel as explosive maker. Also presented is the corporate executives of Flick helping him to achieve modern management.

The article discusses economic trends in Europe as of January 1920. It reports a decrease in the ratio of gold reserves to bank notes in Germany and an increase in paper money in Great Britain. It offers a background on importing activities and balance of trade in the region. A chart showing inflation and foreign exchange rates is also presented.

The article focuses on the interest of lumber-producing states and the lumber industry on an improved hydrolysis process for percolating of wood sugar from coniferous wood waste under the Scholler patents in Germany. Lumber-producing states and the industry see hopes that the process can be a new source of revenue as alcohol source. Japan and Italy purchase licenses to use the patent. The Alien Property Custodian makes the patents available to U.S. plants.

This article presents information on various literary developments which were brought about by the German aggression of France. An open contest for young writers was held on a weekly basis by a good literary paper. The subjects were "Portrait of a Collaborator Who Has Turned His Coat," and "Books Which Have Done Most Harm to France in the Last Four Years." Jean Bruller, whose "Silence of the Sea" remains the classic description of the pure French spiritual attitude toward the German triumph, now edits in the open his Editions de Minuit, which was the highwater mark of clandestine publishing. But it is taken as a sign of the present slackness of creative writing that his lists mainly include reprints.

Presents news related to political developments all round the world. Impact of World War I on various industries in the U.S.; Claims that the chief obstacle to a general peace in Germany is the baleful subordination in German policy of political to military considerations; Report that the U.S. government is spending millions on words printed in the daily papers in order to sell Liberty bonds; Features of the agreements and disagreements of the Irish convention; Information about war loans; Work of women in selling liberty bonds in the U.S.; Comments on New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Norfolk, San Francisco, and other harbors that are handling commerce for war.

The article discusses international politics, emphasizing the political conditions of Germany. Every state has become a battle ground for lower gas and electric rates, with the long-suffering public engaged in an uphill fight against the utilities, which in addition to their vast financial resources are generally buttressed by the public authorities, executive, legislative, and judicial. The State public-utilities commission is, at the very best, a feeble neutral. More often it weights the scales in favor of the power companies. Alfred Hugenberg, the man who was chiefly responsible for the appointment by Hindenburg of Adolf Hitler to the Chancellorship of the Reich, has received his walking papers. The period of Nazi rule now beginning will be characterized by an extreme nervousness that will express itself in the persecution of all who dare doubt or resent National Socialist methods.

This article presents the text of the brief presented by the German Delegation at the Spa Conference in July 1920, on the subject of "Germany's Solvency for the Purpose of Reparations." According to the text, German economics before the war had to solve the problem how to feed an ever growing population placed on a comparatively small territory. In spite of all, Germany would never have been able to support her population by agriculture and industry alone. Taking an average of some years, German imports considerably exceeded her exports.

The article focuses on Axel Springer who runs an influential publishing house in Germany. Springer owns a complex of companies that put out a chain of newspapers and magazines read by 150 million people each month. Gross annual income tops 100 million U.S. dollars. Springer also owns a travel bureau and an international press and literary agency.

Presents information on recent socio-political developments from across the world. Information about the great campaign for home repair and modernization in the U.S.; Eighteen thousand banks are ready to make loans for these purposes to people who otherwise could not get the money, and the government guarantees them against loss up to 20 percent, as well as discounting the home owner's paper if desired; Impact of the Nazi movement on Austrian government and administrative circles; Elections in Germany; Mystery of the San Francisco, California longshoremen's strike brought out in the recent inquest into the deaths of Howard Sperry and Nicholas Boredeis, who were killed during the police attacks that accompanied the Industrial Association's attempts to open the port with force.

The article focuses on the reestablishment of Germany's merchant marine after World War I. Early financing of the merchant marine by the German government and the shipping companies themselves is examined. Details related to the policies of German shipping companies concerning joint operations between German and foreign companies, especially American shipping companies, are discussed. Comparisons are made of the capabilities of the German merchant marine before and after World War I, and the improvements upon operation made by companies such as the Hamburg-American Line are presented.

The article details the difficult situation that German businesses are finding themselves in as the German mark depreciates and businesses are unable to find capital to fund growth. The article explains that German business is facing low worker performance, an increase in overhead costs, a lengthening in time to process raw materials, and unstable product prices. The article examines the efforts to stabilize industry, including the attempt by some industrial firms to establish their own banking institutions to attract financing and the formation of branch factories in other countries. The issues of loans, "valorization," and interest rates from the Reichsbank and commercial banks are addressed. Because of instability, much German industrial financing is being backed by foreign currencies.

The article compares the German stock exchange quotations and dividends from before World War I to those up to 1923. The author suggests that to calculate the actual value of the current quotations, the par values of the shares before the war must be considered, as well as the par value of the shares issued in the meantime at their gold par value at the time of the issue. He includes tables showing the real values of stocks before and after the war in several different industries. Furthermore, he analyzes the real value of the stock before and after the war and presents several conclusions.

Presents information on the economic consequences of the French occupation of the Ruhr, Germany. Assumption that France is in the Ruhr for political reasons, and is there to stay, the economic consequences will prove of vastly greater significance; Discussion of motives for the action of France in the Ruhr; View that the French leaders know well enough that Germany is in involuntary default on cash payments; Admittance that the sale of paper marks to foreign bankers and servant girls are no longer a lucrative source of revenue; Were there any valid economic reasons for the French opposition to the appointment of a commission of neutral experts to study the capacity of Germany to pay; Description of two alternatives open to the government in power in France; Report that the only possibility for economic gain lies in a permanent occupation, in the economic, if not political annexation of the Ruhr to France.

The article provides world news briefs for the week ending May 19, 1941. Germany's third top Nazi, Rudolph Hess, is reported to have flown alone in a Messerschmitt fighter and landed in Scotland with identification papers and heart medicine. Former U.S. President Herbert Hoover stated the U.S. shouldn't enter the war because the country is disunited and instead should supply England with tools of war. Japanese Foreign Minister Matsuoka Yosuke has come to the U.S. for diplomatic talks.

This article focuses on the political developments published in the foreign press. At the session of press representatives at the Ministry of Trade and Commerce, Germany, Comrade Marut read a plan for the socialization of the press, whose most important points are all papers circulate in the city where they appear by authority of this decree. The city reserves no right of tutelage over the newspapers. The city has no right to exercise disciplinary powers over any newspaper employee. But the city insures every newspaper employee his stipulated income.

Focuses on the Disarmament Conference which was held in Geneva, Switzerland. Information that the conference gives Germany the theoretical equality of armament with the other Great Powers; View that the conference aim to impress the United States that Europe really is setting its house in order and is therefore entitled to drastic reduction or cancellation of the war debts; Claim that despite the seeming evidence to the contrary, the statesmen assembled at Geneva are not a pack of simpletons.

After the author was forced out of the editorship of the Ullstein Berliner Zeitung am Mittag in December, 1931, the author served as American correspondent for the Ullstein papers for a year. On January 4, 1933, the author returned to Germany and became editor of the daily "12 Uhr Blatt" and the weekly "Montag Morgen," both smaller left-democratic journals. As it happened, the author started to work on January 30, the day the German dictator Adolf Hitler came into power. The very first news item laid on the author's desk was a solemn declaration that in the Third Reich the freedom of the press would be inviolate.

The article discusses the business of privately owned industrial conglomerate Friedrich Flick KG, which includes auto and truck producer Daimler-Benz, locomotives and iron castings producer Buderus group,and chemicals producer Dynamit Nobel in West Germany as of February 1, 1969. Topics include secrecy as part of the development strategy of the company's founder Friedrich Flick, data on the history of the company, and the acquisition of paper producer Feldmühle.

This article presents information regarding political developments in the U.S. and the world. It takes bloodshed to put Germany on the front page now. Mere unemployment, mere starvation, mere food riots are old stories. But the process of degeneration continues, and French Prime Minister Raymond Poincare still betrays no hint of readiness to discuss matters on a common-sense basis. The French papers do indeed show a glimmering recognition of the fact that military victory has its limitations. British Prime Minister Lloyd George tour is not to include Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, or the Falkland Islands, so the inhabitants of those various sections of the British Empire will have to miss, for the present, the exhilarating assurance, on the highest of all authorities, that the assistance they rendered at a critical moment saved civilization.

The year 1923 will go down in the history of Germany as a year of terrible hardship and bitter disillusionment, not only for the "working class," but also for the major part of the intellectual and middle classes. Whatever comfort and subsistence were left them by the inflation were taken away by the unemployment of a third of the industrial workers of the nation. Since the war and especially during the last year or two the agricultural class in Germany has been growing stupendously rich. The rapid depreciation of the mark affected some of the more ignorant farmers unfavorably, because they could not easily rid themselves of the notion that "money" was "money," to be hoarded, but in time they too learned about the worthlessness of the paper mark and refused to have anything to do with it.

This article reports on the launch of a scheme of radical finance reform by Herr Rudolf Hilferding, Minister of Finance for the Reich of Germany in 1923. Under the scheme, the Reichsbank will be the only source of issue for paper currency. The scheme will require real-value notes to be secured by a real-value capital levy. Meanwhile, the police in Berlin started a search for foreign currency.

This article presents a table that shows the ratio of gold to currency notes in the principal countries of the world. It may be noted in this connection that since 1914 world paper currency has increased 600 percent, and the gold reserve only 40 percent, while the world national debts have grown from 40 billion to 260 billion since 1914. The face value of the paper currency of thirty leading countries was 7,250 million in 1914, 40,000 million in November 1918 and 50,000 million in December 1919. The Gold Reserve in the U.S. was 1,023 million in 1914 and 2,107 million in December 1919.

This section offers world news briefs. The resignation of Walter Ulbricht as president of the Communist Party in East Germany is seen as a positive sign for East-West relations, although his successor Erich Honecker is a strict Marxist. A decision is made by the U.S. Federal Trade Commission not to interfere in the merger of paper companies in the Pacific Northwest because of the dominance of imports from Canada.

There is a scarcity of raw materials, foodstuffs and commodities in Germany. Responsibility for this situation must be borne by the "Four-Year Plan," which has placed Germany on a war-economy basis, with the whole industrial set-up concentrated on producing munitions, imports limited to raw materials for military purposes, and home products of good quality shipped abroad in order to obtain foreign currency to buy additional war material. While the population hungers, vast reserves of foreign oil, cotton, anti wheat are being stored for military use.

On October 18, 1948, the newspaper "National Guardian," published its first issue. The newspaper was founded as and remained, an independent and independently owned newsweekly which took strong issue with basic U.S. policy, both foreign and domestic. That is what produced the inquisitorial subpoenas, not the idiotic allegations of adherence to the "international communist conspiracy." The genesis of the National Guardian was in Germany, in 1945, when Cedric Beifrage, co-founder and first editor of the Guardian, and the author were engaged in a combined Allied operation to help set up what was optimistically termed "the new free democratic German press" on the ruins of the Nazi press.

This article focuses on various political and social issues around the world. The formal announcement made through the financial agents of Japan in this country, that the Japanese government has decided on a drastic cut in its military and naval outlay, need cause no surprise. Germany has explained that when she let loose her latest Moroccan thunderbolt, she was merely offering advice, but French journalists when discussing German policy with regard to Morocco will continue to use the favorite adjective, brutal. The Kentish hop-growers are having a hard year. A few months ago they were complaining so bitterly on the "dumping," of American hops on the English market that a select committee was appointed to report on the industry. A striking difference may be pointed out between the Roman Catholic Church and the average young person who writes verses for the magazines.