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Abstract  Digital in-line holography and digital image plane holography (DIPH) are applied for the study of the droplets generated by a micro-dispensing device. This micro-dispenser provides droplets whose diameter can be changed by varying the pressure applied to the reservoir containing the substance to be atomized. The droplet diameters measured with both techniques show good agreement in the range between 10 and 20 psi. The diameter increases with the pressure and so does the dispersion. Droplet velocity has been measured with DIPH at 10 and 20 psi. It was found that the velocity increases linearly with the droplet size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assess diet quality and to examine the association between diet quality and overweight and obesity in a group of university students. Subjects: Our simple consisted of 749 volunteer students of the State University of the Basque Country (68% females and 32% males). Mean age was 21.52 ± 2.50 years old. Methods: Dietary intake data were obtained from food frequency questionnaire. This questionnaire was validated using a 24 hour recall technique. From these data the diet quality index score was calculated. The total diet quality index score ranges from 0 to 50. Body mass index was used as criteria to identify overweight and obesity. Demographic data (age, sex), smoking status and alcohol use were also registered. The statistical analyses were performed with SPSS vs 13.0. Significance level P < 0.05. Results: Prevalence of overweight and obesity for the total sample was 17.5% (25% in males and 13.9% in females). The mean diet quality index was 31.93 ± 5.62. The diet quality index score was higher in women and among individuals who have a consumption of alcohol lower than 3 times per week. The mean diet quality index was significantly lower among obese and overweight subjects compared to the normal weight individuals in total sample and in men. Conclusions: Our results suggest that diet quality is associated with overweight and obesity in this population, and that this association varied across sex groups and groups according to alcohol consumption. Since the diet quality index is based on the Dietary Guidelines, the use of these guidelines as a way to improve health should be emphasized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Malnutrition is still a largely unrecognized problem in hospitals. Malnutrition in hospitalized patients is generally related to increasing morbidity and mortality, and costs and length of stay. The aim of this study was to assess the nutritional status of patients on admission to a general hospital using different nutritional scores and to test the sensitivity and specificity of these scores. Sample population included 60 patients (55% male; 45% female) selected (aged 65.6±15.9 y) at random by using a computer software program. The nutritional state assessment was performed within 48 h of admission, using different nutritional indices (Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), Nutritional Risk Index (NRI), Gassull classification, Instant Nutritional Assessment (INA) and a combined index). About 78.3% of patients were found to be malnourished on admission. The frequency of malnutrition degree varied from 63.3% as assessed by the SGA to 90% with the NRI. Malnutrition severity was not related to the diagnosis. However, an elderly population was associated with a higher prevalence of malnutrition. INA was the best single score to identify patients who are malnourished or at risk of malnutrition and who may benefit from nutrition support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the magnetic and weak magnetic dipole moments (WEDMs) of charged leptons in the framework of the two Higgs doublet model type III (THDM-III) with four zero textures. We first analyze the possibility that the discrepancy between the experimental measurements and the theoretical prediction of the muon anomalous magnetic dipole moment () in the standard model can be explained in the context of the model and then find values for the parameters of the THDM-III: neutral and charged Higgs boson masses (mH, ), mixing angles (), CP-violating angles and an additional parameter arising from the mass matrix (), for which a correspondence between theory and experiment is possible. We use and current low energy processes mixing, , , , , , , , and the rare higgs decay in order to determine the allowed parameter space of THDM-III and from these we give a prediction for the magnetic and WEDM of charged leptons, in particular of the τ lepton. The obtained magnetic dipole moment of the τ lepton is of the order of (10−8–10−7) and the weak magnetic is of the order (10−10–10−7). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivo: caracterizar las secuelas cognitivas y neuropsiquiátricas en pacientes con infección única por tuberculosis del sistema nervioso central (TB SNC) y con coinfección TB SNC/VIH. Antecedentes: la TB SNC es la forma más severa de TB y presenta una alta tasa de mortalidad y secuelas neurológicas, cognitivas y neuropsiquiátricas incluso después de un tratamiento médico favorable. Actualmente, en México no existen investigaciones del funcionamiento mental en estos pacientes. Métodos: se recolectaron datos de los expedientes clínicos de pacientes con TB SNC ingresados en el INNN entre el año 2008 y 2018, incluyendo una evaluación neuropsicológica con el instrumento Neuropsi breve y datos de la esfera neuropsiquiátrica obtenidos de notas médicas y del Cuestionario del Inventario Neuropsiquiátrico.Núm. de registro del protocolo: 33/20. Resultados: se incluyó a un total de 86 pacientes (media de edad 40.43 +15.8 años, media de seguimiento 21.6 +16.7 meses). En la esfera neuropsiquiátrica las afecciones más frecuentes fueron depresión en el 15.1% (n=13) e irritabilidad en el 11.6% (n=10); no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos. En el rendimiento cognitivo, solo se encontraron 22 pacientes con evaluación neuropsicológica, de los cuales 27.2% (n=6) presentaron alteraciones en el funcionamiento cognitivo, y 22.7% (n=5) en atención visual, praxias visoconstructivas y en memoria de modalidad viso-espacial. Se encontró mejor ejecución en memoria visoespacial en los pacientes con TB SNC/VIH en comparación con el grupo TB SNC (p=.038). Conclusiones: Las secuelas cognitivas y neuropsiquiátricas encontradas son similares a las descritas previamente por otros autores, mismas que señalan deficiencias en el funcionamiento temporo-frontal cortico-subcortical y que están en relación con la fisiopatología de la TB SNC y a las características sociodemográficas y clínicas del paciente. La promoción en la detección y tratamiento de dichas secuelas en esta población es imprescindible para incrementar su funcionalidad y calidad de vida. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The medial temporal lobe (MTL) is a nidus for neurodegenerative pathologies and therefore an important region in which to study polypathology. We investigated associations between neurodegenerative pathologies and the thickness of different MTL subregions measured using high-resolution post-mortem MRI. Tau, TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), amyloid-β and α-synuclein pathology were rated on a scale of 0 (absent)—3 (severe) in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex (ERC) of 58 individuals with and without neurodegenerative diseases (median age 75.0 years, 60.3% male). Thickness measurements in ERC, Brodmann Area (BA) 35 and 36, parahippocampal cortex, subiculum, cornu ammonis (CA)1 and the stratum radiatum lacunosum moleculare (SRLM) were derived from 0.2 × 0.2 × 0.2 mm3 post-mortem MRI scans of excised MTL specimens from the contralateral hemisphere using a semi-automated approach. Spearman's rank correlations were performed between neurodegenerative pathologies and thickness, correcting for age, sex and hemisphere, including all four proteinopathies in the model. We found significant associations of (1) TDP-43 with thickness in all subregions (r = − 0.27 to r = − 0.46), and (2) tau with BA35 (r = − 0.31) and SRLM thickness (r = − 0.33). In amyloid-β and TDP-43 negative cases, we found strong significant associations of tau with ERC (r = − 0.40), BA35 (r = − 0.55), subiculum (r = − 0.42) and CA1 thickness (r = − 0.47). This unique dataset shows widespread MTL atrophy in relation to TDP-43 pathology and atrophy in regions affected early in Braak stageing and tau pathology. Moreover, the strong association of tau with thickness in early Braak regions in the absence of amyloid-β suggests a role of Primary Age-Related Tauopathy in neurodegeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: El desarrollo de operaciones militares en países donde el sistema de salud pública está deteriorado hace necesario utilizar diferentes capacidades militares para apoyar a las autoridades civiles o militares cuando así sea necesario. Esto en el caso de las enfermedades animales de alto impacto económico es una realidad incuestionable por las consecuencias que generan, tanto en las áreas de responsabilidad asignadas, como debido a su posible introducción en Territorio Nacional (TN). De igual forma, no se puede descartar la integración de Equipos Veterinarios militares en TN cuando así sea requerido para el apoyo a Autoridades civiles en situaciones de Eventos de Salud Pública de Importancia Nacional o Internacional (ESPIN/ESPll), ya sea en labores de asesoramiento técnico en función de la situación epidemiológica. así como integrarse en la UF EDRIB-RDOIT. Objetivos: Se establece como objetivo evaluar la necesidad de crear un grupo de estudios con el objetivo de analizar la necesidad operativa de creación de una Unidad de Apoyo Veterinario en Epidemias (UAVE) de carácter conjunto modular, reducido y autónomo de despliegue rápido, con capacidad de asesoramiento, intervención y diagnóstico clínico y provisional e incluso disponer, si así se considerara de sistemas portátiles de gestión y tratamiento de cadáveres, tanto en TN como en ZO. En una primera fase se considera que debiera estar enfocada únicamente a la Fiebre Aftosa y a las producidas por los virus HPAI Influenza. Para alcanzar estos objetivos sería preciso realizar un análisis que determinara los contenidos curriculares del personal, su programa de instrucción y adiestramiento en función de las capacidades y necesidades logísticooperativas necesarias para el desarrollo de la misión. Considerándose que en una primera fase solo se tendría capacidad para Disponer de la capacidad veterinaria de respuesta ante brotes de enfermedad con potencial carácter zoonótico o de alto impacto económico permitirá mejorar nuestra imagen ante la población y proteger los intereses nacionales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract  The antigenic phenotype of cultured human osteoblast-like cells, their ability to phagocytose particles of different nature and size, and their capacity to stimulate allogeneic T cells suggest that they are related to other cell populations with which they may also have immunological functions in common. The objective of this study was to investigate the intracytoplasmatic presence of cytokines and their modulation by different biomolecules. Immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry were used to study the expression of IL-4, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, and IFNγ cytokines. To investigate whether FGF, TGF, PDGF, IL-1, and IFNγ modulate expression of these cytokines in cultured human osteoblast-like cells we used flow cytometry. IL-4, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, and IFNγ cytokines were expressed by all the cultured human osteoblast-like cells studied. Treatment with FGF and TGFβ1 reduced the percentage expression and fluorescence intensity of the cytokines. PDGF treatment enhanced their fluorescence intensity but did not modify their expression. IL-1 treatment produced a small reduction in expression and fluorescence intensity of IL-12 and IL-15, but did not produce major changes in the expression of IL-4, IL-18, or IFNγ. IFNγ markedly increased the fluorescence intensity of the cytokines. The results indicate that human osteoblast-like cells may perform immunological functions (e.g., synthesizing cytokines with immune regulator function) that can be modulated by different biomolecules related to bone tissue and/or immune response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two Spanish investigations to various allergens in rubber dermatitis showed that 56 % of 78 patients with housewives' eczema of the hands showed sensitization to various allergens in rubber gloves. They also found that hexavelent chromium was another of the allergens with a large number of positive reactions, but were unable to determine if this substance was used in the manufacture of any of the gloves. The inorganic components which can be in rubber processing are numerous and are present in the article.

Background: The CellSearch System is a technique to detect circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in patients with cancer. Few data have been published concerning the role of CTCs detection by this method in colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to correlate the presence of CTCs with the commonest clinical and morphological variables. Patients and methods: Blood samples were collected from 97 patients and 30 healthy volunteers. Quantification of CTCs in 7.5 ml of blood was carried out with the CellSearch System. The results were expressed as number of CTCs/7.5 ml and the cut-off of ≥2 CTCs/7.5 ml was chosen to define the test as positive. Results: Positive CTCs were detected in 34 of 94 patients (36.2%). Correlation was not found among positive CTCs and location of primary tumor, increased carcinoembryonic antigen level, increased lactate dehydrogenase level or grade of differentiation. Only stage correlated with positive CTCs (20.7% in stage II, 24.1% in stage III and 60.7% in stage IV, P = 0.005). Conclusions: CTCs detection by CellSearch is a highly reproducible method that correlates with stage but not with other clinical and morphological variables in patients with colorectal cancer. Colon cancer tumor cells are detectable in all stages. Further studies are warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]