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To study the effects of minimally invasive pulmonary surfactant (PS) on oxygenation, liver function, kidney function and respiratory function of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. From March 2018 to March 2019, 66 children with respiratory distress syndrome were selected and divided into observation group (n=33) and control group (n=33) according to the method of random digital table. The children in the control group were treated with routine treatment, while the children in the observation group were treated with minimally invasive PS on the basis of the control group. Arterial blood gas indexes, type II alveolar cell surface antigen (KL-6), macrophage migration inhibitory factor-1 (MIF-1), high mobility group protein 1 (HMGB-1), liver and kidney function, oxygenation index and ventilator parameters were observed and compared between the two groups. After treatment, the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), total carbon dioxide (TCO2) and oxygen saturation (SaO2) in both groups were significantly higher than those before treatment, and the above indexes in the observation group were higher than those in the control group. The level of KL-6, MIF-1, HMGB-1 in both groups was significantly lower than that before treatment, and the above indexes in the observation group were lower than those in the control group. The levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (AST), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (ALT), urea nitrogen (BUN), creatine (CRE) in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment, and the above indexes in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group. The ventilator parameters and oxygenation index of the two groups were observed. It was found that the inhaled oxygen concentration (FiO2), peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), positive end-respiratory pressure (PEEP), and oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2, OI) in both groups were better than those before treatment, and the above indexes in the observation group were better than those in the control group (P<0.05). Minimally invasive PS is effective in the treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, which can significantly improve the arterial blood gas index, liver function, kidney function and oxygenation function, reduce the inflammatory reaction and the parameters of mechanical ventilation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore the clinical effect and safety of mucosolvan combined with budesonide atomization in the treatment of meconium aspiration syndrome in newborns. Methods: From January 2017 to February 2018, 76 cases of neonatal meconium aspiration syndrome were treated in the Department of Neonatology of our hospital. The patients were divided into two groups according to the random number table method, 38 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with budesonide atomization, while the patients in the observation group were treated with Mucosolvan on the basis of the treatment in the control group. Analysis and comparison of the therapeutic effects of the two groups, the changes of arterial blood gas analysis indexes and the prognosis in children before and after treatment. Results: After treatment, the total clinical effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group. The relief time of dyspnea, the disappearance time of moist rales in lungs, the disappearance time of cyanosis and the recovery time of oxygen saturation in blood were significantly shorter than those of the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the PaCO2, FIO2 and OI of the two groups were all lower than those before treatment, and PaO2 was all lower. Compared with before treatment, PaCO2, FIO2 and OI in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and PaO2 was higher than that of the control group, the above differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The incidence of total complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05); the cure rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05), there was no significant difference in mortality between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Compared with Budesonide aerosol therapy, Mucosolvan combined with budesonide atomization in the treatment of neonatal meconium aspiration syndrome can shorten the improvement time of clinical symptoms. improve pulmonary function and prognosis, and has higher safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the correlation between fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), asthma control in children and different subtypes of asthma. Methods: 60 children with bronchial asthma and bronchiolitis who were diagnosed in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2018 were selected. They were divided to asthma group and bronchiolitis group. In addition, 40 healthy children who underwent physical examination for non-respiratory diseases in the same period in our hospital were selected as the control group. The FeNO of asthma group and bronchiolitis group were measured before treatment, 1 h after treatment and 4 weeks after treatment. FeNO was measured in the control group at the time of physical examination. The changes of FeNO concentration in control group at the time of physical examination, asthma group and bronchiolitis group at different stages of treatment were compared. children in the asthma group were divide into the asthma controlled group, asthma part controlled group and asthma uncontrolled group according to their asthma control status, and divided into cough variant group and non-cough variant group according to their asthma subtypes. The correlation between FeNO, asthma control and asthma subtypes in children with asthma were analyzed. Results: The concentration of FeNO in asthma group before treatment was higher than that in bronchiolitis group before treatment and control group at the time of physical examination( P<0.05). Compared with before and 1 h after treatment, the concentration of FeNO in asthmatic group and bronchiolitis group decreased significantly at 4 weeks after treatment (P<0.05). The concentration of FeNO in asthma group was higher than that in bronchiolitis group 1 h after treatment and 4 weeks after treatment (P<0.05). The concentration of FeNO in asthma controlled group were significantly lower than asthma part controlled group and asthma uncontrolled group. The concentration of FeNO in asthma part controlled group was lower than that in asthma uncontrolled group. The concentration of FeNO in cough variance group was higher than that in non-cough variance group (P<0.05). The concentration of FeNO was negatively correlated with disease control, the lower the concentration of FeNO, the better the disease controlled (r=-0.512, P=0.034).Conclusions: The concentration of FeNO in children with asthmatic was significantly higher than that in children with bronchiolitis and healthy children. It has correlation with asthma control, and can be used as an auxiliary diagnostic index for children with asthma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the clinical effect of budesonide combined with montelukast sodium in the treatment of children with asthma and it’s effect on the immune function, serum cysteine leukotriene(Cys LTs) and the expression of 5-lipoxygenase activator protein(FLAP). Methods: 118 cases of bronchial asthma were selected in our hospital from March 2015 to January 2017, and divided them into control group and observation group according to the principle of randomization, with 59 cases in each group. The control group was treated with Budesonide Aerosol, and the observation group was treated with montelukast sodium on the basis of the control group. The clinical effect and the changes of lung function, immune index, Cys LTs, FLAP level and clinical effect between the two groups before and after treatment were compared and analyzed. Results: After treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group(93.22%) was significantly higher than that of the control group(77.97%)(P<0.05); the index of FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC in two groups increased significantly compared with those before treatment(P <0.05), and the index of FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P <0.05); the CD4+and CD4+/CD8+of two groups were significantly increased before treatment, and CD8+was significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05), the CD4+and CD4+/CD8+in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the CD8+was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05); the two groups of Cys LTs and FLAP were significantly lower than those before treatment(P<0.05), and the Cys LTs and FLAP in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P <0.05). Conclusions: The combination of budesonide and montelukast can effectively improve the clinical efficacy and improve the pulmonary function of children with asthma.The mechanism may be related to the enhancement of immune function and the reduction of the expression of serum Cys LTs and FLAP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To study the efficacy of T-piece resuscitator on the preterm infants in the delivery room. Methods: From January 2011 to December 2016 born in our hospital, in a total of 62 preterm infants (gestational age 28～37 weeks) were enrolled, of which 31 cases were control group, 31 cases were observation group. The control group were given self-inflating bag, and the observation group were given T-piece resuscitator. 1, 5, 10 min Apgar score, the incidence of lung leakage, and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy,bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, patent ductus arteriosus, hyperbilirubinemia rate were compared between groups.Results: There are no statistically significant difference in gestational age, gender, delivery mode, birth weight, 1, 5, 10 min Apgar scores between two group (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the lung leakage of observation group rate is reduced, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, patent ductus arteriosus, hyperbilirubinemia rate showed no significant difference between two group (P >0.05). Conclusions: The T-piece resuscitator on the preterm infants in the delivery room, has the advantages of simple operation, high efficiency, the resuscitation success rate is not very different between two group, but the T-piece resuscitator can effectively reduce the neonatal mortality of lung leakage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的 探讨临床诊疗指南与问题导向临床医学教学模式(PCMC)相结合的教学方法在儿科临床实习教学中的教 学效果。方法 选择2017年7月至2018年6月在该院儿科实习的80名2014级五年制临床医学本科学生为研究对象。其中 2017年7-12月的实习学生40人为对照组,2018年1-6月的实习学生40人为试验组。试验组采用临床诊疗指南与PCMC相 结合的教学方法带教,对照组采用传统教学方法带教。比较两组学生的出科考试成绩,采用问卷调查法统计学生对2种教学方法 的满意度。结果 试验组出科理论成绩[(91.3±5.1)分]、操作考试成绩[(93.5±4.3)分]、对教学的满意度[95.0%(38/40)]均 高于对照组[理论考核成绩(85.7±5.3)分、操作考试成绩(86.5±4.9)分、对传统教学法的满意度为77.5%(31/40)],差异均有 统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 临床诊疗指南与PCMC相结合的教学方法有利于提高儿科临床实习的教学效果,提高教学质量 和学生对教学的满意度,适宜在儿科临床教学中推广。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the influence of pidotimod combined with budesonide aerosol inhalation on the IL-4, IFN-γ,immunoglobulin and T cell subsets of children with bronchial asthma. Methods: 92 cases of children with bronchial asthma in our hospital from June 2015 to June 2016 were selected as the research objects and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group. The control group was given budesonide suspension treatment, and the observation group was treated by pidotimod oral liquid on the base of the control group. The changes of serum IgA, IgG, IgM, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+and CD4+/CD8+before and after treatment were detected and compared between the two groups. Results: Before treatment, there was no significant difference in the serum IL-4, IFN-γ,IgA, IgG, IgM, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+and CD4+/CD8+between two groups（P>0.05）. Compared with those before treatment, the serum level of IL-4 was significantly decreased, in the observation group, while the IFN-γ, IgA, IgG, IgM, CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+levels were significantly increased after treatment（P<0.05）. The IFN-γ, IgA, IgG, IgM, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+and CD4+/CD8+of control group showed no significant change before and after treatment（P>0.05）, only the serum IL-4 level was significantly decreased（P<0.05）. After treatment, the IL-4, IFN-γ, IgA, IgG, IgM, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+and CD4+/CD8+of observation group were better than those of the control group（P<0.05）.Conclusion: Compared with budesonide alone, pidotimod combined with budesonide could significantly regulate the immune function of children with bronchial asthma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To study the clinical effects and safety of Broncho-vaxom capsules in the adjuvant therapy of bronchial asthma (BA) in children. Methods: 88 cases of children with BA in acute-outbreak period who were treated in the department of Pediatrics from October, 2014 to September, 2015 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College were selected. Based on the random number table method, they were divided uito the Broncho-vaxom group (n = 44) and control group (n = 44) in a 1:1 ratio. There was no statistical difference m the baseline data between the two groups (p<0.05). Besides conventional treatment. Budesonide Aerosol treatment was applied in the control group. The Broncho-vaxom group was treated with Broncho-vaxom capsules on the basis of treatment of control group. Lung function uidex PEF (peak expiratory flow), FEV1, levels of T lymphocytes including CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and CD47CD8, levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-12 and IFN-γ in serum, occurrence of adverse reactions during treatment and clinical effects of the two groups were observed and compared before and after treatment. Results: After treatment, the levels of PEF, FEV1, CD3+, CD4+, CD47CD8, IL-12 and IFN-yin both groups were higher than those before treatment, and the levels of PEF, FEV1, CD3+ CD4+ CD47CD8+, IL-12 and IFN-γ of Broncho-vaxom group were higher than those of the control group. The levels of CD4+ IL-4 and IL-5 were lower than those of the control group (p<0.05). The total effective rate of Broncho-vaxom group (93.18%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (75%)(p<0.05). No statistical difference was found in the incidence of adverse reactions between the Broncho-vaxom group (4.55%) and control group (0%). Conclusion: Broncho-vaxom adjuvant therapy could more significantly enhance the clinical effects of BA in children, improve their lung function, strengthen their immune defence and had high safety, so it was worthy of clinical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD)is a significant cause of neonatal death and long-term neurodevelopmental disability. Many of the studies show that apoptosis plays an important role in the disease, It is a sign of a subtype, regulation of cell physiological or pathological responses, including mitochondrial apoptosis, cell death receptor mediated apoptosis, PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways related to cell apoptosis, p53 mediated apoptosis, oxidative stress reaction mediated apoptosis, etc. however, the regulators and signaling pathway in the regulation should be more investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To construct and identify Nrf2 knockout mouse model. Methods A pair of male and female heterozygous(Nrf2-/+) mice were introduced to breed F1 mice. Male and female Nrf2-/+ mice from F1 generation were bred to obtain F2 generation mice. DNA was extracted from the tail tissue of mice at 5 days of age and their genotype was determined by PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis. NRF2 protein was extracted and coding gene was knocked out from the lung tissues of mice. The expression of NRF2 protein was detected by Western blot, and the identification results were confirmed laterally. Results Homozygous(Nrf2-/-) mice continued to mate and obtain homozygous mice. Three genotypes were identified when F1 was mated with F2 generation heterozygous mice: wild type(Nrf2+/+), heterozygous(Nrf2+/-) and homozygous(Nrf2-/-). The genotypes of offspring mice were successfully identified by PCR. NRF2 protein expression in lung tissue of Nrf2 knockout mice was significantly lower than that of wild-type mice（P＜0.05）. Conclusions The mouse model with Nrf2 knockout is successfully bred in this study, which provides a new experimental tool for further exploring the role and mechanism of NRF2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To study the correlation between heart rate variability indexes and levels of serum terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and cardiac troponin I (cTnl) in childr en with kawasaki disease.and to provide the basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods: Selected 120 cases of children with kawasaki disease in our hospital from July 2015 to July 2013 as the study group, which were divided into A group(with coronary artery lesions) and B group(with no coronary artery lesion) according to whether or not had coronary artery disease, and with 60 patients in each group. Selected 60 healthy children who acceped health examination in our hospital as the control group at the same time, compared the standard deviation in N-N Intervals (SDNN). 5 min N-N interval mean standard deviation(SDANN). Very low frequency (VLF), low frequency (LF). high frequency (HF). NT-proBNP level and cTtrl level of each groups. Results: SDNN. SDANN, VLF. HF and LF of the study group were significantly lower than the control group. SDNN, SDANN. VLF. HF and LF of A group were significantly lower than B group, the difference were statistically significant (P < 0.05): NT-proBNP level and cTnl level of the study group were significantly higher than the control group. NT-proBNP level and cTnl level of A group were significantly higher than B group, the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05): NT-proBNP was negatively correlated with SDNN and HF in the study group. (P< 0.05). CTnl was negatively correlated with SDNN and HF (P<0.05). Conclusion: Heart rate var iability index correlation with coronary artery lesions in children with Kawasaki disease, negative correlation with NT-proBNP and cTnl. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To study the risk factors and nutritional risk screening of children with congenital heart disease (CHD), and to provide theoretical reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of CHD. Methods: 150 children with CHD admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College from January 2014 to December 2019 were selected as the study group, and 150 healthy children who received physical examination in the hospital at the same time were selected as the control group. The age of parents, the number of foetus, Production inspection times, tobacco exposure, negative life events and maternal malnutrition of the two groups were compared, and the related risk factors of children with CHD were analyzed by multi factor Logistic regression. Meanwhile, the nutritional risk screening tool was used to screen the two groups of subjects. Results: The order of disease distribution in the study group was from high to low, which were atrial septal defect (29.33%), patent ductus arteriosus (24.67%), ventricular septal defect (20.67%), tetralogy of Fallot (8.00%) and atrioventricular septal defect (6.67%). Father's age≥ 50 years, mother's age≥ 35 years, multiple fetus, production inspection times<9 times, tobacco exposure, negative life events and maternal malnutrition ratio in study group was higher than that of control group (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that father's age≥ 50 years, mother's age≥ 35 years, multiple fetus, production inspection times<9 times and tobacco exposure were all independent risk factors of children with CHD (P<0.05). The proportion of children with low risk in the study group was lower than that of the control group, and the proportion of severe risk was higher than that of the control group, the difference were statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the comparison of the two groups of moderate risk (P>0.05). Conclusion: The influencing factors of children with CHD include father's age≥ 50 years, mother's age≥ 35 years, multiple fetus, production inspection times<9 times and tobacco exposure, and the children's nutritional risk is high, which deserves clinical attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To study the risk factors and nutritional risk screening of children with congenital heart disease (CHD), and to provide theoretical reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of CHD. Methods: 150 children with CHD admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College from January 2014 to December 2019 were selected as the study group, and 150 healthy children who received physical examination in the hospital at the same time were selected as the control group. The age of parents, the number of foetus, Production inspection times, tobacco exposure, negative life events and maternal malnutrition of the two groups were compared, and the related risk factors of children with CHD were analyzed by multi factor Logistic regression. Meanwhile, the nutritional risk screening tool was used to screen the two groups of subjects. Results: The order of disease distribution in the study group was from high to low, which were atrial septal defect (29.33%), patent ductus arteriosus (24.67%), ventricular septal defect (20.67%), tetralogy of Fallot (8.00%) and atrioventricular septal defect (6.67%). Father's age≥ 50 years, mother's age≥ 35 years, multiple fetus, production inspection times<9 times, tobacco exposure, negative life events and maternal malnutrition ratio in study group was higher than that of control group (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that father's age≥ 50 years, mother's age≥ 35 years, multiple fetus, production inspection times<9 times and tobacco exposure were all independent risk factors of children with CHD (P<0.05). The proportion of children with low risk in the study group was lower than that of the control group, and the proportion of severe risk was higher than that of the control group, the difference were statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the comparison of the two groups of moderate risk (P>0.05). Conclusion: The influencing factors of children with CHD include father's age≥ 50 years, mother's age ≥ 35 years, multiple fetus, production inspection times<9 times and tobacco exposure, and the children's nutritional risk is high, which deserves clinical attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]