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The aim of this paper is to identify activities to promote environmental awareness in the university environment and to present an example of good practice through implementation of the Climatic Atrium of Matej Bel. The focus of our investigation is to focus on the implementation of the findings from the surveys into practice and thus increase the level of environmental awareness at UMB. The object of the research consisted of two groups of respondents: students at UMB (questionnaire survey) and representatives from foreign tertiary education institutions (guided interviews). The theoretical background was drawn from scientific papers and proceedings available on the Internet, which focus on the issues of sustainable behaviour and the promotion of environmental awareness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The issue of e-commerce is a current topical issue and is increasingly described in the context of the circular economy. The aim of this paper is to create a comprehensive overview study by linking the fields of circular economy, consumer behaviour and e-commerce. Thus, the intention is to review recent scholarly articles, summarize existing knowledge and offer a systematic treatment of it. Twelve previous scientific research papers, retrieved from the ScienceDirect database, were processed to provide an overview of the key findings on the interrelationships between these areas. This review study not only contributes to enrich the theoretical construct of the issue, but can also help e-commerce actors in the process of meeting the goals of the circular economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to evaluate the competitiveness of the EU in the economic comparison of selected world economies in the observed time interval. The paper defines the theoretical framework of the selected issue, consisting of the definition of the world economy and globalization, the definition of competitiveness and ways of measuring it through GDP and selected indices. Subsequently, the contribution aims to evaluate the economic condition of the EU and its competitiveness based on selected indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper is to describe knowledge about corporate sustainability initiatives in the hotel industry, based on research by other authors. Corporate sustainability has gained more attention in the hospitality industry since the 1990s. In the paper, we analyze articles from online indexed journals published between 2003 and 2022. At the same time, the aim of the paper is to provide hoteliers with the necessary information about corporate sustainability practices within the hotel industry, to offer various options for new, creative sustainability activities, and to take a closer look at corporate sustainability initiatives, which are currently produced in the hotel industry. The results of the analysis show that corporate sustainability is a domain that is currently still developing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The presented paper focuses on the perception of sustainable fashion from the perspective of Slovak companies. The aim of the paper is to present the views of three selected Slovak companies on sustainable fashion. The main research technique was an interview with three Slovak companies SUCHANOVA, Nika Intima and Lull Loungewear. The interview was focused on consumer behavior in the segment of sustainable fashion, a view on the promotion of sustainable fashion in Slovakia, government support and environmental legislation in the fashion industry. Based on the obtained results, recommendations were proposed that could help to develop a sustainable trend and reduce negative environmental consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the issue of moisture and unhealthy environments in older buildings. Moisture is a widespread problem not only in historical constructions but also in more recent constructions, occurring globally and thus considered a global issue. Moisture in these buildings contributes to the creation of unhealthy environments, negatively impacting both the structural integrity of the buildings and the health of the occupants. It is also associated with the deterioration of various construction layers and the reduction of thermal resistance, leading to further unhealthy conditions. After initially describing this well-known problem, the paper presents potential remediation measures aimed at dehumidifying the studied building. This research will be followed by a subsequent article, which will explore the possible application of active thermal protection in the renovated constructions to improve the indoor climate and ensure its sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the emergence and evolution of the courtship novel in eighteenth-century England. Within the context of societal upheaval and growing feminist consciousness, the courtship novel served as a platform for women to explore their roles and wishes within the restraints of patriarchal society. By examining the socio-historical background, key authors and works, the paper analyses how the genre evolved from idealised romantic narratives to more complex reflections of women's experiences and ambitions. It particularly highlights the courage of pivotal female authors, such as Frances Burney, Jane Austen, and Maria Edgeworth, in shaping this subgenre and contributing to the ongoing discourse on women's rights and duties. This article concludes that the courtship novel served as a significant tool in the continuing struggle for female empowerment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Co-administration of the nirmatrelvir/ritonavir with cardiovascular medications has a number of drug interactions that can lead to failure of pharmacotherapy for chronic diseases. It is therefore essential to evaluate the risk of interactions that may occur with current chronic pharmacotherapy before indicating this drug.Aim: To identify drug interactions of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir with medication for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes in chronic pharmacotherapy, to assess the risk of potential drug-drug interactions, and to summarize clinically relevant interactions and thereby contribute to the reduction of the risk of adverse effects of pharmacotherapy. Methods: The study was performed in public pharmacies and at the Infectious Diseases Clinic of the University Hospital Nitra. A total of 150 drugs in combination with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir were assessed. Drug interactions were validated using SmPC data and the Lexicomp and Liverpool COVID-19 drug interactions checker databases. Results: Of the total number of drugs assessed (N=150), 31.3% showed interactions of variably different severity. 35% of the drugs were cardiovascular and 4.7% antidiabetic drugs. Of the drug interactions, 25% required dose adjustment or monitoring of therapy, 7.7% were severe interactions in which the drug was contraindicated, and 67.3% showed no interactions. For 42.9% of antidiabetic drugs, patients’ clinical status needs to be monitored for the possible occurrence of drug adverse events. Conclusion: Administration of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir is limited by the high prevalence of drug-drug interactions. This paper summarizes all clinically relevant interactions and is intended to contribute to reducing the risk of adverse drug therapy effects due to interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic security is one of the fundamental components considered when assessing the security of a state. The strength of a country's economic security is significantly influenced by whether the state is a member of various economic and trade alliances. The competitiveness of a small country in today's global economy is substantially weakened without participation in such structures. An important indicator of economic security is also the standard of living of the country's population. In this paper, we define the organizations to which the Slovak Republic belongs and analyse the impact of this membership on Slovakia's economic security. Finally, we assess and identify potential threats and risks that may affect and weaken the level of economic security in our country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper addresses the issue of suicidality and suicidal behaviour in children and adolescents, with a particular focus on the risk factors and motives underlying suicidal behaviour in the school setting. The objective of the present study, conducted through semistructured interviews and focus groups with members of school support teams and psychologists from the counselling and prevention centres, was to investigate the most common motives for suicidal behaviour in older school-aged pupils and the extent to which school motivation is involved in this behaviour. The findings indicate that depressive rumination, academic difficulties, and victimisation are the primary motivating factors behind suicidal attempts. Recommendations for educational professionals emphasise the implementation of efficacious interventions and the provision of adequate support to meet children's psychological needs, which may enhance the efficacy of preventing suicidal behaviour in educational settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Old-age pension systems are one of the key pillars of social policy in the politically and economically developed countries of Western civilisation. They provide stability for about one third of the population, especially in economies that actively promote the development of pension provision. Social policy focuses on government measures that address social challenges and improve the quality of life of citizens, including ensuring a decent standard of living in old age. In the Slovak Republic, one of the options for guaranteeing an adequate standard of living is the second pillar of old-age pension savings. It is also the subject of various policy decisions by the government coalitions between 2016 and 2023. During this period, the ideological orientations of political actors have played a significant role in shaping pension reforms. The aim of this paper is to identify the influence of political subjects on the shape of the second pillar of the Slovak Republic's old-age pension savings 2016-2023. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neuromanažment predstavuje interdisciplinárny prístup, ktorý integruje poznatky z neurovied do manažérskej praxe (Parincu a kol. 2020). Ponúka vedúcim pracovníkom nástroje na zlepšenie strategického plánovania, odstraňovanie predsudkov v rozhodovaní a posilňovanie organizačnej výkonnosti. Príspevok analyzuje vývoj neuromanažmentu, jeho aplikáciu v riadení ľudských zdrojov a používané neurovedecké nástroje. Osobitná pozornosť je venovaná etickým princípom, ktoré sú kľúčové pri implementácii neurovied v HR praktikách. Systematická analýza akademických zdrojov bola vykonaná s cieľom definovať základné pojmy a preskúmať praktické možnosti využitia tejto disciplíny. Môžeme tvrdiť, že neuromanažment má potenciál nielen zlepšiť efektívnosť a motiváciu zamestnancov, ale aj posilniť konkurenčnú výhodu organizácií. Neuromanagement represents an interdisciplinary approach that integrates insights from neuroscience into managerial practice (Parincu et al. 2020). It provides leaders with tools to enhance strategic planning, eliminate biases in decision-making, and strengthen organizational performance. This paper examines the development of neuromanagement, its application in human resource management, and the neuro-scientific tools utilized in the field. Special attention is given to ethical principles that are crucial for the implementation of neuroscience in HR practices. A systematic analysis of academic sources was conducted to define key concepts and explore practical applications of this discipline. We can argue that neuromanagement has the potential not only to improve employee efficiency and motivation but also to enhance organizations' competitive advantage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quality of life is an important question, topic, but also an object of investigation in today's increasingly complex times. Everyone perceives and feels it differently, and it often becomes the subject of political struggle, but also a poorly understood concept. This area is very complex and is a combination of both objectively given factors and subjective perception. However, as part of its investigation, minorities in the form of segregated population groups suffering from social inclusion are often not taken into account. Exactly this case in the Slovak Republic represents the Roma ethnicity belonging to the marginalized Roma community. The declared quality of life of the marginalized Roma community does not reach the level of the majority. The aim of the paper is to identify the phenomena causing the deterioration of the quality of life and their impact on the Roma population in our conditions, and the possibilities of their solution and improwement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper was to analyze cognitive errors in the work of salespeople. They were characterized by the connection between the assessment of the occurrence of selected cognitive errors and the age of traders. To obtain data, a questionnaire for the investigation of cognitive errors was used, modified according to the requirements within the set objective of the analysis. Questionnaire items were determined with the form of dichotomous answers, simple and multiple choice of answers using the chosen scale. Mathematical-statistical methods with a focus on correlation analysis in the SPSS mathematical-statistical program were used in the evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The loss of a loved one affects not only adults, but also children, who often face this experience without sufficient understanding and emotional support. As highlighted in the paper, open and sensitive communication with a child who has had a direct experience of the death of a loved one is crucial. Parents, educators, and therapists play an indispensable role in explaining this complex phenomenon, as open and sensitive communication between parents can promote proper understanding and emotional coping with loss. Stories, literary works and shared conversations can help children process their feelings and find a path to healing. Word and story serve as a bridge between pain and understanding, helping the child cope with loss and find a new way of looking at the world. The word has a great power because it carries an idea, a story and a message. Such communication creates a safe space in which children can express their emotions and gradually come to terms with a difficult life situation, even with the help of us, adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social, religious, family life and especially the education of children, youth and the future generation in the European area will always be shaped, to a greater or lesser extent, by the values of Christian faith and tradition. The cultural contexts of the Christian tradition also have their direct repercussions in pedagogy. The development of a culture of language is perhaps the most important path in the process of education and training, in the development of the integrity, coherence and identity of the human person. Even today, language is considered to be the primary moulder of the philosophical and spiritual thought of a society or a particular nation. We educate and nurture mainly through linguistic culture and the ability to express, explain and evaluate what we communicate. We also find interconnected links in the cultural development of Slovak and Slavic relations, in the development of language, and in their contemporary experience in the everyday reality of life. The paper presents a brief analysis of the picture of the contemporary world of values, which is manifested in the field of education and training. It summarizes the latest results of a research probe on the state of implementation of moral education in schools in Slovakia. The article also informs about modern pedagogical approaches and innovations in the use of methods of character, value or pro-social education in the contemporary school environment. Ethical and value education in its theory, but also in its practical form, are important didactic sources of religious, moral or character education, of consolidating the culture of education, and become the pillars of the spiritual foundations of European pedagogical thought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The visually accented texts analysed in this paper are a selective choice compiled for the needs of the chosen topic. Despite this, findings can be formulated that may stimulate further research. In the case of the application of visually accented texts in literature for children, there is a form of experimentation with language that has its roots in the 1960s and is influenced by several movements in the artistic milieu. One of the defining influences is the significant opening up of technical possibilities in the composition of books for children. These are reflected in imaginative covers, illustrations, but also in the text-forming devices and typographic possibilities of the books. The most intense presence of visually accentuated texts in literature for children can be observed in the 1960s to the 1980s. The tendency to create in an intermedial spirit can be attributed in particular to specific personalities from the literary and artistic spheres as a manifestation of a certain authorial poetics, for example, in J. Pavlovič, Š. Moravčík, D. Hevier, V. Klimáček; M. Cipár, S. Mydlo, M. Kellenberger or D. Tóth; F. Rojček, J. Gavura and M. Čorejová. On the basis of the analysis of the selected samples, we have demonstrated that this is still a productive way of presenting deeper textual and pictorial relationships, which seems to be welcome given the dominance of visual stimuli at the present time. Indeed, in a small area of text, the process of composing and interpreting meaning can be applied through verbal-visual relations, which slows down and problematizes the process of reading and seeing, in order to subsequently point to the deeper possibilities of both creating and interpreting a multi-layered artistic narrativ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper The Poetry of Rudolf Dilong in the Service of the National Idea is a selective probe into the issue of the representation of national themes in the poetry of the Catholic Modern poet Rudolf Dilong (1905-1986). The whole spectrum of national and nationalist art is characterized by a particular lexis (rhetoric, pathetic words, topography, etc.) and national or regional symbols. Nation-oriented verses in a „softer" form can already be found in Dilong's first rural-vitalist and naive-sentimental collections, primarily through the relation to his native region. The construction of a national myth involved the celebration of the nation's rich history and its territorial integrity (especially tradition of Nitra, Great Moravia, Cyril and Methodius, most concentratedly expressed in the collection Roky pod slnkom, 1933), the glorification of distinguished and state-forming figures (from Pribina to J. Tiso), the thematization of speech (also through the codifiers of language A. Bernolák and Ľ. Štúr), ethnicity (the motif of blood and lineage, especially in the collection Oslava rodu, 1943), the characteristic features of the national community (the myth of the peaceful and plebeian nation), etc. The poetically constructed grand history of the nation was also supported by combining historical facts with pseudo-facts, stereotypes and myths, blurring the boundary between them and artificially emphasising the antiquity of the Slovaks. The escalating radicalisation before the Second World War was also manifested in the „hard", vulgar forms of nationalist poetry represented by the collection Gardisti, na stráž! (1939). In line with the folk mythology, he emphasized the importance of the leadership personality (A. Hlinka, J. Tiso) and „martyr" sacrifice in the life of the nation (Anton Kopal). National issues were also raised through themes such as the day of the establishment of the Slovak state on 14 March, the so-called Little War, the secession of Slovak territory in favour of Poland, the celebration of the paramilitary organisation HG, etc. The justification of radicalisation was made possible by the reduction of a complex multidimensional reality to a schematic battle of opposing forces, the evocation of an ever-present sense of threat in the face of the vague unveiling of the enemy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare, debilitating, and often lethal condition primarily affecting the pulmonary arterioles. Vasoconstriction, remodeling, and local thrombosis lead to a reduction in the total cross-sectional area of the pre-capillary pulmonary vascular bed, resulting in increased pulmonary vascular resistance and afterload on the right ventricle (RV). This pressure overload ultimately results in RV failure. Owing to the non-specific nature of its symptoms, the diagnosis of PAH is often delayed. Early diagnosis and intervention may improve the prognosis for patients. This paper presents a practical approach to the early diagnosis of PAH and other types of pulmonary hypertension, emphasizing the importance of early referral to specialized PAH centres. The majority of patients present with progressive dyspnea. Physical examination may reveal an accentuated pulmonary second heart sound and signs of systemic congestion due to RV failure. Electrocardiograms typically show characteristics such as P pulmonale, RV hypertrophy and overload, and right bundle branch block. Chest X-ray can indicate right atrial enlargement, as well as dilation of the pulmonary artery and its branches. Elevated levels of natriuretic peptides are often observed. Echocardiography typically reveals tricuspid regurgitation with increased peak jet velocity, along with dilation and signs of dysfunction of the RV. In conclusion, PAH should be suspected in patients with unexplained dyspnea and related symptoms of RV failure, particularly when their symptomatic burden does not correlate with the degree of heart or lung lesions and persists despite standard treatments. Evidence supporting the suspicion of PAH includes electrical dominance of the right-sided heart compartments, elevated levels of natriuretic peptides, and characteristic findings on chest X-ray and echocardiography. These indicators warrant an active search for PAH. If clinical presentation and additional find- ings are suggestive of PAH or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, patients should be referred to a specialized centre for consideration of right heart catheterization and further diagnostic procedures. Most cases of other types of pulmonary hypertension do not require invasive testing. The ultimate goal of these early diagnosis efforts is to improve the prognosis for patients with PAH. Fig. 5, Tab. 6, Ref. 15, on-line full text (Free, PDF) www.cardiologyletters.sk [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we present a description of a Cyrillic manuscript collection of homilies which, although previously described by R. Cleminson and P. Šima, has not been further examined in detail. The book belongs to a number of manuscripts of the genre of sermon collections for particular Sundays and feasts of the liturgical year. As part of the preparation of a representative catalogue of Cyrillic writings, we have been able to see and digitize the text of this precious manuscript heritage, and in this paper we present a brief description of it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper dealing with the topic of the application of environmental management principles in the hotel industry around the world presents a brief overview of significant findings in the field of eco-friendly accommodation abroad. The aim of the paper was to investigate and analyse the application of environmental management principles in the hotel industry worldwide. In the research aspect of the paper, we use secondary data obtained from a publicly available report of the World Travel and Tourism Council. We consider the finding that accommodation establishments in the world currently have common management practices that address a specific part of sustainable hotel management to be an essential conclusion of the paper. It is also a positive fact that most hotels in the world are addressing environmental management approaches and have successfully implemented or are looking to further implement them in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the importance of ethics in neuromarketing research and examines ethical issues from the perspective of potential research participants. The goal is to analyze and statistically verify established hypotheses regarding ethical issues in neuromarketing research. The data obtained from the respondents provides insight into their attitudes towards neuromarketing research from an ethical perspective. The paper deals with the theoretical foundations of ethics and neuromarketing, analytical assessment of ethics according to the results of the questionnaire within the ethically responsible approach in neuromarketing research. The conclusion is an evaluation of ethical problems in neuromarketing research and measures to improve them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on the message of the Byzantine Cyrillo-Methodian mission in Great Moravia, which lasted only a short time but became an important part of our common European heritage. The message of the mission of brothers from Thessalonica, whom Pope John Paul II had declared Co-Patrons of Europe, influenced the religious and cultural development of Slavic peoples. The spread of its cultural heritage through generations had a significant impact on political events in Central Europe as well. The purpose of the paper is not to provide an analysis of the influence of Cyrillo-Methodian mission among Slavs, but rather to pay attention to how the Cyrillo-Methodian heritage and tradition was used as cultural, national, social and political capital in the history of the Slovak nation. The paper briefly deals with political factors and ideological interests that significantly determined the possibilities and limits of the spiritual and social message of these Christian theologians, teachers and missionaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two concepts are of interest in this polemic, the notion of past events and the notion of representation. All the arguments presented here should be understood in the context of my attempt to defend the usefulness of this pair of concepts for understanding the nature of history as a discipline and for interpreting the nature of historical works. In the first part of the paper, I argue for the necessity of these notions by means of a critique of non-representationalism (represented by the claims of Eugen Zeleňák), which seeks to dispense with these notions in explaining the nature of historical works. In the second part, I sketch my own interpretation of how representation needs to be understood to be not only necessary but also useful for the work of the historian. Thus, the aim of the paper is to answer the following, interrelated trio of questions formulated by Eugen Zeleňák (2022): 1. Do we need to use the notion of representation in order to be able to do history? My answer: Yes, we do. 2. In order to understand the results of the work of historians, do we need to assume that these works represent a past reality? My answer: Yes, we do. 3. Is there a way to comprehend what historians do without resorting to the notion of representation? My answer: Even if there is, it is problematic because it fails to explain the difference between historically inspired fiction and the historian's own work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of small and medium-sized enterprises in the tourism market is undeniable. Especially in the European area, their dominance is evident. Through their operation, they bring not only economic values, but also enrichment for tourism participants. On the other hand, their operation is characterized by a wide range of problems that affect their operation and that need to be addressed. The paper discusses environmental problems in tourism. Based on a questionnaire survey, it points to the current perception of selected environmental problems from the point of view of small enterprises of accommodation services in Slovakia. The results show that the current state is perceived as manageable, but opportunities for change can be found in many of them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Case Studies are a quite frequently used scientific method nowadays. For example, many authors use them in scientific publications to demonstrate the results of their research and to verify proposed models and solutions. The case study is also a common educational method that finds application in various scientific disciplines. Crisis Management, within Security and Safety Sciences, is one of the disciplines where case studies can be an appropriate method for identifying relationships and evidence between variables determining the occurrence and effects of emergency events. The aim of this paper is to describe the different parts of the use of case studies in crisis management and to present a general methodological procedure of the whole process of their solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The stability and security of public finances is a challenge not only for Slovakia and the countries of the European Union, but also for economies at the global level. Sound public finances are a prerequisite for the efficient functioning of the state, ensuring the fulfilment of its tasks at all levels. In addition to ensuring the efficient management of state budget expenditures, the lack of funds for the running of the state can also be addressed by improving tax collection through the elimination of tax evasion and tax fraud. The aim of this paper is to analyse and compare the state and development of public finances in relation to economic crime and tax fraud at the level of the Slovak Republic. The control activity in the framework of the fight against tax fraud requires a conceptual approach of all involved state components and the adoption of systemic measures and instruments to eliminate the damage caused in the effort to stabilise public finances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's globalized world, where travel has become more accessible than ever before, there is a growing interest in exploring new, exotic destinations beyond the borders of Europe. Non-European tourist destinations are gaining popularity as European tourists cross the boundaries of their continent to discover the richness of culture, natural beauty, and unique experiences that distant countries offer. The main goal of the research is to examine the motivation and decision-making processes of European tourists when choosing non-European tourist destinations. Various motivational factors such as cultural curiosity, the search for adventure, value for money, and social influences that affect tourists' decisions are analyzed. In addition, the study also addresses the impact of marketing channels, including the role of social media, on tourists' decision-making processes. By analyzing the interaction of personal motivations and external influences, the paper contributes to a deeper understanding of how European tourists navigate the wide range of non-European tourist destinations. The conclusions of this study can inform stakeholders in the tourism industry, including destination marketers and travel agencies, in adapting their offers to better meet the needs and preferences of European tourists seeking experiences beyond Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the state administration became a largest landowner in the whole Hungarian Kingdom until 1787, state-administrated estates and castles were not in focus of systematic historical research yet. This paper is focussed on acquirement, governing and material culture of the Revište castle and domain during the Habsburg state administration, i.e. from its assumption by the chamber government in 1661 to a loss of commercial and political importance of the state mining enterprising in the second decade of the nineteenth century. The Revište domain situated in the Lower Hungarian mining district (in present-day Central Slovakia) represented a worth material basis for the complex of state mining enterprises in the eighteenth century. Especially in the second half of the eighteenth century, the Revište chamber estate was the most profitable state dominion in large district of the Chief Chamber-County Office (Oberstkammergrafenamt) in Banská Štiavnica. The agrarian production on the Revište dominion was centred on a saturation of material needs of the state mining enterprising, and mainly on breeding the vehicular animals that were used in carter's business as well as in supplying the populous labourers with baking products and beer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The perception of innovation and innovation management in a selected area of tourism, which is hotels in historic buildings, represents a key aspect in the current environment where dynamism and rapid change require constant adaptation and progress. Tourism, as an industry, is immensely influenced by social, technological, and environmental factors, which raises the need for a systematic approach to innovation and its management. The aim of the present paper is to elaborate and evaluate the impact of innovative approaches on competitiveness and sustainable development in this sector through the method of scientific abstraction. The results of the paper emphasize the need for education and education to improve the awareness and importance of innovation and its benefits for sustainable tourism development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the application of selected system and operational analysis methods in fire modelling. In the first part, the paper deals with the analysis of multi-criteria decision making using the AHP and TOPSIS methods, in which each method is described. The multicriteria decision making is based on the selection of one most suitable program for modelling confined space fires from three alternatives. These options are CFAST, PyroSim and FDS. The main objective of the paper is to select one most suitable program for modelling confined space fires from three alternatives using two multi-criteria decision making methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motivation is a key driver of success in the business environment, so it is important to understand how different factors can influence the decisions and behaviour of entrepreneurs. This paper examines the significant differences in motivational factors for entering entrepreneurship between men and women. Based on a review analysis of existing research and studies, the paper identifies and explains the differences in motivational factors between the two genders. The results show that men and women have different motivations in deciding to become entrepreneurs. Men are often more driven by financial benefits and the competitive environment, while women are more motivated by the opportunity for personal development, work-family balance, and potential contribution to society. The aim of this paper is to provide a deeper insight into the relationship between gender and entrepreneurial motivation, which could be beneficial not only for policy and business communities aiming to promote gender equality and inclusiveness in the world of entrepreneurship, but also as a starting point for exploring the motives for entrepreneurship of men and women in Slovakia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper describes the current state of documentation of Cyrillic manuscripts in Slovak archives and museums. It points to the inevitable need for their systematic description from the formal and content point of view, which will enable, in particular, a deeper understanding of the processes of inter-confessional communication in the Slovak as well as in the wider Slavic and European context. Such documentary research is a challenging topic, which is, however, only partially supported by a project in the Slovak academic environment, but only teamwork is most important to achieve the result, and such a team is mainly composed of individuals not only professionally prepared, but also personally interested in finding common solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leadership is a process in which the leader influences and is influenced by his or hers followers. It is a phenomenon that is complex and hard to define. Over the centuries, many authors have dealt with the subject of leadership. Today we know that one of the key aspects of a successful leader is the leadership style he or she uses in practice. Followers' preferences for leadership styles can vary from culture to culture, so it is necessary to have an overview of those styles that are accepted by members of a given culture and, on the other hand, those that are perceived as ineffective. The aim of this paper is to provide a theoretical overview of the existing knowledge about the paticipative leadership style and to link it with Slovak culture. Previous research suggests that this style could be considered ineffective by members of Slovak culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on the issue of purposeful influencing of public opinion through the so-called "troll farms" -- organized groups of individuals carrying out a disinformation agenda on social media. The article highlights the role of these organized entities in spreading disinformation and propaganda and their effects on the social and political landscape. It analyzes their role in manipulating public opinion and influencing political processes around the world, specifically in Ukraine, the USA, France, the United Kingdom, India, Brazil, and Slovakia. The article also examines the consequences of this issue for democracy, political discourse, and society as a whole, including societal polarization, disruption of political processes, erosion of trust in institutions, and the creation of conflicts. It also addresses possible countermeasures and strategies for the future at various levels -- from individuals and communities to technological companies, governments, and international organizations. The aim of this paper is to explore the mechanisms of organized dissemination of disinformation, to analyze the impact of this phenomenon on global politics and society through specific case studies, and to introduce basic concepts and strategies related to countering disinformation campaigns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - This paper describes the possibilities of using assistive software to efficiently create image datasets from digital library documents. The software described, in addition to the usual ways of working with data, uses machine learning features that have the potential to both make the work of annotators easier and to change annotation practices. At the same time, the emphasis is on simplicity and openness of the whole process. The aim is to highlight these elements through practical examples. Design / methodology / approach - After an introductory section, the possibilities for selecting and separating data from digital library documents are presented. At the same time, the limitations of these approaches are pointed out. Based on these insights, possible approaches and the use of assistive software are then explored in order to overcome these limits. The methods are described based on the practical use of the software in the annotation process. The validation of the machine learning features is performed using, among others, the visualization technique Class Activation Mapping and the F-score metric. Results - The described approaches and the use of assistive software with machine learning features proved to be very beneficial. The software not only makes the work of the annotators easier but also considerably faster and more accurate. The versatility of the tested machine learning model also proved to be a great positive, allowing to extend the annotation processes beyond the initially assumed use and thus giving room for further research in this area. Originality / value - The technical paper highlights possible approaches to use assistive software to facilitate the creation of datasets for documents with a limited number of identifiers, such as a digital library, without the need for commercial tools. It also shows practical examples of how machine learning can be used to make these processes more efficient. Examples of how these processes can be used universally are also provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the formation of ethnolinguistic and axiological research, the direction of which was set by Ján Doruľa. By systematically investigating the relationship between language and culture, the Jan Stanislav Institute of Slavic Studies confirms that language is an integral part of everyday culture, and at the same time, it is a tool for learning about individual and collective mentality, because its usage is deeply rooted in the consciousness of a particular community. Using culturally characteristic linguistic expressions, diverse interpretations of the image of the world are created, which are synergistically and syncretically combined in the Slavic and wider European context. The paper highlights important ethnolinguistic research programs that intersect with the domains of folkloric, spiritual, textual, and axiological themes within this Slavic academic institution. At the same time, we point to the value-based ethnolinguistic specificity of the research orientation of Slovak culture in the international context. This paper discusses the development of ethnolinguistic and axiological research, influenced by Ján Doruľa. It focuses on timeless topics within Slavic and non-Slavic linguistic-historical or linguistic-cultural relations. The Jan Stanislav Institute of Slavistics, to the founding of which Ján Doruľa contributed significantly, explores the connection between language and culture, affirming language's role in daily life and its reflection of individual and collective mentality within a particular community. Culturally distinctive linguistic expressions shape various interpretations of the world, which can be similar or divergent in the Slavic and wider European contexts. The paper highlights key ethnolinguistic research programs at the Jan Stanislav Institute of Slavistics, encompassing folklore, spirituality, values, and textual analysis. Finally, it illustrates the contribution of the ethnolinguistic focus of the Slovak research approach in an international context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on a selected group of biblical phrasemes [(po)zdvihnúť pätu (päty) proti niekomu; krívať (kuľhať) na obe (dve) nohy vs. krívať (kuľhať) na obe (dve) strany; kameň úrazu vs. kameň urážky]. In addition to the formal-semantic and communication analysis, their connection with the biblical source is given particular attention (based on Slovak translations of the Bible, comparing the contemporary translations with historical ones). The life path of biblical idioms in a diachronic-synchronic perspective is created, on the one hand, on the material base of the Historical Dictionary of the Slovak Language and selected historical written sources bearing witness to the past of the language; on the other, drawing on the material of the Slovak National Corpus (the corpus of Slovak texts available on the web), which provides testimony on the language of the present. The paper analyzes selected biblical phrasemes with a focus on their origin (source connection with the biblical text), formal-semantic interpretation (including registering and explanation of possible changes that phrasemes have undergone in the process of secularization), and communicative application (past and present). The analysis shows that the phraseme (po)zdvihnúť pätu (päty) proti niekomu (biblical source Ps 41,10; Jn 13,18), both in a diachronic and synchronic view, remains connected with the sphere of religious communication (it has not significantly penetrated the general communication). In the Slovak context, the form krívať (kuľhať) na obe (dve) strany and krívať (kuľhať) na obe (dve) nohy is connected with verse 18,21 1Kng. While the meaning of phraseme krívať na obe strany draws from the semantic qualities of the biblical text (doubleness, fickleness, playing both sides against the middle) and the unit remains bound to the religious communication sphere, in the case of krívať na obe nohy, a significant secularization process took place (meaning: not fulfilling certain requirements, not acquiring certain level, something unsatisfactory). What is more, the unit entered the general communication (phraseme of the general phraseological fund). Phraseme kameň úrazu (biblical source Is 8,14; 1Pt 2,7-8; Rom 9,32-33) is an example of how the qualitative change that occurs in the semantic structure of the word (urážka) over time affects phraseme with the relevant lexical component in its composition (existence of lexical variant of the phrase kameň úrazu/urážky in the past; invariance of kameň úrazu in the present). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human capital represents one of the most important values of a dynamically developing society. One of the way to achieve the development of human resources is to maximize human potential. The aim of the paper is to highlight coaching as a tool for human capital development and its contribution to human resource management. In the article, we focus on the theoretical starting points and specific opinions of many authors on the field of coaching. We point to the development of a new field of managerial coaching in management as well as to the application of the new role of the manager as a coach. At the same time, we describe the effectiveness and benefit of coaching for the development of human capital. The paper thus offers a closer look at the field of coaching and its use in management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents reflexively the previous interpretations of the dual forms visnije Moravě and the ethnonyms Marhari and Merehani, evidenced in the 9th century manuscript of the Bavarian Geographer. The author recalls the ever-inspiring interpretations of Pavel Jozef Šafárik from his Slavonic Antiquities. He divided Upper Moravia (in later literature - from the time of Constantine Porphyrogenitus - traditionally referred to as Great Moravia) into the Danube and the Pannonian parts. Opinions according to which these are the territories of Pomoravie and Slovak Ponitrie are not correct or acceptable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The linguistic-cultural identity of Greek Catholic Slovaks in the first half of the 20th century was accompanied by efforts to use written Slovak in liturgical celebrations and spiritual songs. The paper analyses the origins and processes of this linguistic-cultural identification. Texts in Slovak were educational and culturally formative for the broadest layers of the Slovak Greek Catholic community and cultivated the linguistic culture and its Cyril and Methodius legacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In their works, historians do not only deal with individual acts or smallscale events, but also with complex phenomena. Thus, it is common in historical works to discuss late antiquity, the Middle Ages, the Scholastic period, the Renaissance, the French Revolution, and the Cold War. In this context, some theorists and philosophers of history speak of specific concepts or terms used to unify a mass of information into a single whole. These so-called colligatory concepts are not only used in political history, but are common in cultural history, the history of philosophy, and elsewhere. How are these concepts to be understood and what is their relationship to past reality? Answers to these questions vary according to whether the respondent holds a position close to a realist or a constructivist view of historical work. On the one hand, there are authors who argue that these concepts are about given past events and processes. On the other hand, there are opponents who argue that these are constructs without a preexisting counterpart in reality. The aim of this paper is to present this debate with an emphasis on the dispute between realism and constructivism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The topic of the article is the place of history in the development of cultural relations between Czechoslovakia and Italy between 1948 and 1989. Cultural relations are an inseparable part of bilateral relations between countries, and this is true in the case of the complicated relations between Czechoslovakia and Italy in the period from the rise of the communist regime in Czechoslovakia in 1948 to its demise in 1989. History, in its various forms, also had an indispensable place in these relations. This was due to the general fact that the regime in Czechoslovakia used historical themes and adapted their content as part of its promotional action not only for its own population but also in international relations. It was also due to the specific features of the historical development of the two countries and a number of common features. This paper deals with the wide range of traces that the question of history has left in Czechoslovak-Italian relations. First, it concerns the question of historical scientific research carried out by Slovak and Czech scholars (historians or archivists) in Italy based on a cultural interstate agreement, an agreement between academies of sciences or outside the framework of agreements, and the formal and informal relations between professional historians of both countries. Another aspect examined is the place of historical themes in cultural, popularization and propaganda activities in the form of films, lectures, exhibitions, museums, celebrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Andrej Cvinček was a politically active priest. His involvement in politics was also noticed by the episcopate, especially by his superiors, the bishops of Nitra, who were authorised to control and approve his political activity in the light of canon law and the doctrine of the Church. In the present paper we want to analyse both Cvinček’s relations with the bishops and the influence of the episcopate on his views and actions in politics. For the sake of comparison, we have chosen three periods of Cvinček’s life that had different parameters in his political and ecclesiastical position. Before 1918, Cvincek was a young enthusiast of popular politics, but also a poor chaplain interspersed among Slovak village parishes. In the interwar period he became a canon, but found himself in the minority in Slovak political Catholicism. After the Second World War, Cvinček experienced a remarkable return to politics, in which he achieved a much more important position than in previous periods, and so his political importance also increased in the eyes of Slovak bishops. The aim of this paper is thus to examine Cvinček’s political career in the light of the fact that he was a Catholic clergyman. The priestly component of Andrej Cvinček’s personality is as essential to our research as the political one. Against this background, we can also observe the development of the ideas that were promoted in the ecclesiastical milieu. Therefore, our study intends to be a contribution not only to the knowledge of Cvincek in the light of political changes, but also to place his personality in the context of ecclesiastical development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on the problem of teaching foreign language grammar using literature in secondary schools. Our aim is to propose and provide teachers of French as a foreign language with effective and practical didactic recommendations for teaching the past tense in French through a literary text. In selecting a particular text and in conceiving didactic recommendations, we take into account the potential of working with a literary text to contribute to the self-development of the learner, to the development of his/her reading and language skills, to the development of his/her critical thinking and other important aspects of his/her personality. The chosen text is an authentic literary text -- the Quebec short story Le petit bonhomme de graisse, which in terms of content and scope meets the criteria for selecting a text for the chosen didactic purposes. The proposed activities for working with the text are designed for learners with reference language level B1 according to the CEFR, where the learners encounter the chosen grammatical phenomenon and the problem of its application in communicative practice. From a linguodidactic point of view, the chosen text corresponds to this language level and does not need to be didacticised. The partial aim of this paper is to offer FLE teachers a tool for the development of grammatical competence and its application to learners' communicative practice. In proposing activities related to authentic literary text, we take into account Slovak learners in Slovak schools, but nevertheless these proposals are applicable in the educational system of other countries where French is taught as a foreign language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is drafted as an analysis and interpretation of a specific French travelogue of the 19th century. The main aim is to analyse work in the first part at the level of genre poetics and clarify its expressive qualities and their origin, in the second part the interpretation will focus on specific content in the form of representation of the Danube landscape and of sailing on the Danube. In the study, we focus on images of topographic objects, such as the town of Komárno, the town of Pressbourg and the Danube and the landscape in its catchment area between the towns of Pest and Pressbourg. In conclusion, we summarize the author's poetics at the divide of the Enlightenment and Romanticism and the most important topographic images involved in the creation of stereotypes. The findings presented in the paper form part of the dissertation research in the field of comparative literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complex correlations between literature and science are currently being explored in a number of disciplines and from a variety of perspectives. In German-speaking countries, systematic research in this direction has intensified since the mid-1990s. Based on the certain opacity of existing models and approaches in this complex, we find it meaningful to show how the different research directions have been differentiated so far and how they are interconnected, furthermore which categories and concepts make up competing tensions and what these tensions mean, to what extent we can really speak of competing approaches or only of possible inconsistencies in the use of terminology. However, the main intention of this paper is to correlate the basic theoretical approaches within which the interdependencies between literature and science can be modelled and to attempt a kind of syntopia, albeit in a necessarily selective form. However, the aim of this paper is not to evaluate the approaches discussed or to offer explicit recommendations. Nor will the subject of any evaluation be the already existing more or less elaborated and generalized typologizations or systematizations, to which we will refer, however, for logical reasons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the text, the author examines the definition of the term homelessness and finds out how the authors explain this phenomenon, its causes and typology. The paper is interested in the impact of homelessness on society. It provides a detailed overview of individual homelessness typologies, explains the difference between apparent, hidden and potential homelessness. The article identifies the most fundamental causes of this phenomenon and clarifies the differences between the subjective and objective causes of homelessness. The author also points out the importance of the time period during which homelessness persists for individuals. It explains the link between the length of life on the street and social re-inclusion. In the context of his contribution, she emphasizes the importance of preventive measures with an emphasis on primary prevention, the application of which can significantly help to eliminate the deepening of homelessness. At the end of the article, the author emphasizes the key activities, the implementation of which is necessary to solve the problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Europe's competitiveness in global markets significantly affects the speed and degree of digitization. The success of the digital transformation depends on introducing reforms, improving the business environment, creating incentives, and increasing investments in digital technologies, digital skills, and digital infrastructure. The paper is focused on the analysis and mutual comparison of the overall DESI score and its dimensions of Slovakia with the EU-27 countries in 2022 and revealing the key determinants affecting Slovakia's digital performance within the European digital transformation. We used secondary data from the annual report of the European Commission, which has been published annually since 2014 to monitor the progress of member states in the field of digital technologies. Finland is the leader in the digital performance of the EU-27 countries in 2022, the worst score was achieved by Romania and Slovakia ranked 23rd in the DESI ranking with a score of 43.45. The lowest European average was achieved by dimension 3 - Integration of digital technologies (36.07%) and the highest average European rating was recorded for dimension 4 - Digital public services (67.35%). Slovakia achieved the worst results (24th position) for dimension 4 - Digital public services (52%). In conclusion, we can conclude that among the key determinants of Slovakia's digital performance are the following indicators from dimension 4 of the DESI index - Open data, Digital services for businesses and Digital services for citizens, which had a negative impact on Slovakia's digital performance in 2022. We recommend focusing on improving key indicators, which would help Slovakia improve its digital transformation within the European space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]