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The musical genre designated as "metal", contrary to most popular music genres, highlights religious phenomena within its discourse. Controversy, opposition, and transgression of social norms are entangled in its narrative since its inception. Despite its relatively long history, it had until recently received little attention from social scientists. In this article, we analyze the symbolic context of songs from three subgenres - thrash, death, and black metal - that deal with an unusual subject matter: Islam. We argue that, through a specific attitude regarding the autonomy of the artistic field, the deep, derisive, and scathing critiques of social, political, and religious structures reflect public discourse, becoming an emblematic case for various cultural tensions in contemporary society, as it converges against expectations both from the left and from the right. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is an interview with Ignacio Cano, a Spanish sociologist based in Brazil, who discusses his work as a "policologist" and the relationship between academia and public policies in the field of security. Cano talks about the entry of social scientists into this field, the opposition between human rights and the state apparatus, and the irritation of police officers with the presence of experts. He also mentions the need for a preventive approach in public security and the importance of dealing with the epidemic of crime in Brazil. The text discusses the perception that during the military dictatorship in Brazil there was no corruption or violence, and how democratization contributed to delegitimizing democracy. It also mentions the entry of police officers into universities, the increase in education in Brazilian society, and the improvement of dialogue and interaction in the field of public security. Additionally, it addresses the view that technology and management are topics that generate less resistance among police officers, and how the presence of police officers in universities opens up an institution that was previously isolated from society. The text discusses the importance of strengthening the vision of openness within police forces, highlighting that this movement is also relevant for civil society and human rights organizations. The author mentions the resistance of some sectors to engage with the police, but emphasizes the need to create a relationship that can help improve public policy. Furthermore, the text addresses the importance of understanding the difficulties and problems faced by police officers, as well as the sensitivity necessary to deal with these issues. Finally, the author mentions the death of Marielle Franco as a personal loss and highlights the importance of responding to the most urgent questions through activist and academic efforts. The text recounts the author's experience, Ramón Chaves Gomes, in the process of researching and working in the field of public security in Rio de Janeiro. [Extracted from the article]

This text presents a thematic dossier on racism, contextualizing this phenomenon in time and space. The volume brings together sixteen articles, signed by thirty authors from different scientific areas and institutional affiliations, because it is believed that such plurality can provide a comprehensive view of the phenomenon in order to bring more contributions to its study, framework and confrontation. Fifteen articles are dedicated to the Brazilian context (in general or to specific places such as Curitiba, Mato Grosso do Sul, Santa Catarina, Santa Maria [Rio Grande do Sul] and Sergipe) and one article focuses on the Argentine context (La Plata, Buenos Aires). Some texts expose theoretical reflections, while others are the result of research that analyses the school and training context. The content of this dossier will be useful for social scientists, educators and trainers of children, youth and adults, both in academia and in associations and/or engaged with the causes discussed here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 1930 Revolution was a heterogeneous politicalmilitary movement that ended the First Republic (1889-1930) and brought Getúlio Vargas to power. From the 1930s to the present day, the 1930 movement has generated different readings and interpretations from contemporaries and Brazilian specialists, especially historians and social scientists. Our objective is to show, in general lines, some of the main interpretations and analyzes of contemporaries and specialists about 1930 and its consequences. In this way, we hope to contribute to the systematization of 1930's interpretations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a dossier on the work of Brazilian social scientist Fernando Henrique Cardoso. The dossier seeks to critically reassess Cardoso's contributions to Brazilian social sciences, considering different interpretations of his work. The importance of situating Cardoso's perspective in the context of the Marxist debate and national and international intellectual traditions is highlighted. The article discusses the new reception of Cardoso's work in the 2010s, thanks to advances in research in the field of Brazilian social and political thought. The dossier brings critical reflections on the interpretation of Cardoso's work, addressing aspects such as his relationship with Marxism, the articulation between theory, history, and politics, and his academic trajectory in the United States. [Extracted from the article]

The relationship between laws and social practices in Brazil has been object of frequent reflexion from social scientists, public authorities and even from common persons. Some analysts point to the malleability of the rules according to the contexts, while others argue in favor of the hardening of the codes. This article intends to present a contribution to this debate, examining these extreme positions in terms of cultural relativism. The research dates from more than a decade and involves fieldwork with application of questionnaires, informal interviews with open questions, and direct ethnographic observation. The main theoretical orientation consists in the consideration of certain social situations as "social dramas" (GLUCKMAN, 1987; TURNER, 1970, 1974, 1975; DAMATTA, 1979, 1985, 1993) in which there is a search for conflicts resolution. Our data demonstrate that the plasticity of the rules in Brazil is a cultural phenomenon, which acts both in the micro and in the macro spheres of the Brazilian society. They confirm also that this malleability is not limited to soften the effects of the laws. Frequently it corresponds to a hardening of them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Countless urban revitalization or urban renewal projects have been implemented in innumerous cities around the world. The results cause what social scientists call gentrification. There is, however, a great debate about the use of this term. While some criticize its indiscriminate use, others believe it is necessary to make the concept a little more complex. This paper intends to discuss the definitions and the use of the gentrification term. Furthermore, our hypothesis consists that the gentrification is not a collateral effect or a natural catastrophe; it is planned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Romantic and modernist Brazilian literature tried to tackle the issue of our nationality as a means of self-recognition, a search for national identity. With the rise of post-modernism and especially of cultural studies, the question of national identity and of the representation of the nation is back again; historians, social scientists and literary and visual arts critics have been discussing the theme and we, therefore, see analysis of novels, short stories, poems, paintings, installations, movies and TV series, among others, which deal with how these media try to represent the nation - or if it is still possible to speak in a totalizing way about narratives of the nation and of national identity. Nonetheless, this matter does not seem so compelling in theatre studies. Although there are plays which attempt to narrate a space and its society, whether it be the nation or the city - the latter sometimes representative of an idea of nation -, the debate on what this idea of nation and national identity are is, in theatre studies, limited. Thus, this article aims at analyzing how the nation was imagined and the understanding of national identity in the play BR3, signed by Bernardo Carvalho and staged by the company Teatro da Vertigem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Starting off from Friedrich Nietzsche's well-known expression “beyond good and evil”, the idea of “beyond the social” is proposed together with the establishment of a dialogue between Nietzsche and the philosopher Spinoza. This notion is developed by showing how it can be connected to Nietzsche’s critique of the sociology practiced at the time, stuck to a “herd instinct”. The domain of the “social”, however, is also recognized, and an effort is made to establish ethnography as a possible connection at the disposal of social scientists between these and other domains with the help of the servitude-liberation pair and the idea of expression as proposed by Gilles Deleuze in contrast with that of representation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Concerning Brazil, Sébastien Fath, in his text “From the margins to the mainstream: social challenges of the evangelical rise, a transamerican comparison”, rightly reiterates two predominant tendencies: the Catholic decline and the Evangelical growth. This text presents the main reflections produced by social scientists to explain this reconfiguration of the religious landscape, that has been taking place in the country for some decades. In particular, it analyzes the question about the possibility of Evangelicals to supplant Catholics in Brazil, advances hypotheses about the two lines of force mentioned, highlighting that they result from internal and external situations to each of religious and, finally, the text presents some affinities observed in the evangelical fields of Brazil and the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses in letters written by Brazilian social scientists and intellectuals interested in folklore studies to the Portuguese anthropologist Jorge Dias. This correspondence raises questions about folklore studies and the development of anthropology in Brazil, showing parallels to Portuguese anthropology at the time. The analysis of the relationships established between Jorge Dias and Brazilian scholars is revealing of: how both Portuguese and Brazilian intellectuals looked for the Portuguese origins of Brazilian culture; the role of folk culture in the construction of an idea of nation in both sides of the Atlantic; the relations between social sciences and folklore studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The presence of immigrants in the cultural and artistic labor markets has captured the attention of social scientists. However, to this day, an analysis focused strictly on the socio-professional profiles of artists coming from countries outside of the European Union to Portugal is still lacking in the literature. This article presents a comparative analysis between Portuguese, European Union, and non-European Union artists in Portugal taking both their sociodemographic characteristics and their professional situations into consideration. Census data from 2001 and 2011 allow us to identify a number of similarities and differences between these groups, as well as significant changes across the first decade of the XXI century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Faith is still a topic that generates interest and debate today. This research has as object the faith. The faith has a bibliographical nature, through the systematic and hermeneutical analysis of the thematic, due to several authors. Faith is understood as a human dimension, immanent, but it has also a transcendent perspective for many people. Establishing the relationship and anthropological faith and religious faith today, as well as between faith and meaning off life. It is the focus of this research because faith is a response to the crisis of meaning that contemporary society faces. The faith in this research is analyzed in two ways: religious and anthropological, addressing historically how the concepts of the term have undergone changes in the course of history and how they are explored today. There is the approach to the position of contemporary philosophers and social scientists like Ferry, Gauchet, and Sponville, who reflect on the misconfiguration of the religious and the fallibility of religion. It also discusses the theory of religious crisis, which relates to laicization and secularization, and the phenomena that produce the deinstitutionalization and growth of the "nonreligion", according to the last demographic census, whether atheists or religious faith. One of the importants conclusions shows that there is a re-reading of the patterns of expression of faith, established by the great religious traditions, and an explosion of new ways of experiencing the religious is currently configured. Even atheists experience a non-religious spirituality in search of balance and meaning. It is noteworthy that the meaning of life, which was primarily related to the religious, was affected by contemporary changes and presents itself as a challenge that affects everybody, not only people who have religious faith. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An obituary for social scientist and reformer Fátima Patriarca, who passed away in Lisbon, Portugal, on March 11, 2016, is presented.

This article presents ideas relative to the definition of 'social reality' and 'the social' developed by the social scientists Norbert Elias and Bruno Latour. The presentation of these ideas is guided by the following questions: what is the criticism that the authors make to the sociological assumptions of which they move away?; How do they understand the social reality, society, the social?; What is the discussion and proposal that they do about the relationship individual - society?; What are the differences and similarities between the two proposals?. With the response to these issues, this article makes a connection to the main theoretical suppositions of the Elias's Sociology of figurations and to the Latour's Sociology of associations, as well as makes a presentation of the contributions of the authors to the contemporary sociology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An interview with Portuguese sociologist Boaventura Sousa Santos is presented. He discusses his political consciousness as social scientist as well as his interest in social problems of the 21st-century society. Particular focus is given to his notion of competent rebellion against conformity. Other topics discussed include the illusion of neutrality in social sciences, his participation in the Fórum Social Mundial, and critics to eurocentrism.

In the following interview, the sociologist Laymert Garcia dos Santos discusses his intellectual trajectory. The highlight is the subject about which he has been writing in recent times: the question of the "future of the human". Here, this point is discussed against the framework of its philosophical implications and of the debate concerning politics and technology. Members of the group "Knowledge, Technology and Market", which Santos coordinates, carried out the interview. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay intends to contribute to the current debates on the need to (re)think the usual concepts and practices of the so-called "conventional humanist qualitative methodology" in the light of the epistemological and ontological foundations of feminist contributions informed by poststructuralist, posthumanist, and new materialist theories, named here, following St. Pierre (2018), as "post theories". I seek, at first, to briefly revisit the process of destabilization of the modern triad Subject-Language-Object, heightened by the emergence of post-structuralism and theoretical positions associated with the so-called "ontological turn" underway in the human and social sciences. Then, against the backdrop of a sociological investigative effort theoretically informed by the articulation of new materialist and post-structuralist feminist perspectives, I critically approach the method of interviews, in order to propose alternative ways of conceiving the nature of the relationships established between "accounts" and "experience". I also present the method of diffractive reading, arguing that it characterizes an innovative analytical procedure aligned with the epistemological and ontological commitments of studies based on "post theories". Finally, I defend, in line with recent debates on the possibilities of "post-qualitative inquiry", the need for social scientists to accept the pressing task of "thinking otherwise" (FOUCAULT, 1984) their usual research practices in the light of the challenges posed by contemporary political-theoretical edifices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Universal Church of the Kingdom of God (UCKG), the largest neo-Pentecostal denomination in Brazil, has attracted the attention of social scientists for decades, in part because of its significant growth in the country's institutional politics. Curiously lacking are studies that address the UCKG's most extensive political alliance at the federal level: its coalition with the Workers' Party (PT), a period in which the church reached unprecedented space in its public efforts. Given this, this work aimed to investigate the public presence of the UCKG during the PT governments (2003-2016). We sought to understand the performance of the UCKG as a process of "dispersal of religion" (Burity, 2015) and the approach to the theme followed an anthropological-historical perspective and focused on examining the ways in which the church expanded its spaces in the public sphere during its alliance with the PT. With data collected through a documentary research undertaken mainly in the official media of the UCKG in the period in question, we expose and analyze the chain of some of the public practices outlined by the church that, made with the aim of occupying the centrality of power (Campos and Souza, 2020), deepened its spaces in national politics through the coalition with the PT. The analysis of this alliance was able to indicate interesting investigative paths about the political performance of the Universal Church, a theme that should gather attention of more researchers to advance in the understanding of the project of domination of spaces that the neo-Pentecostal movement (of which the UCKG is an exemplary representative) has been successful in occupying in the Brazilian public sphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since Brazilian Pentecostalism began to be studied by social scientists, given the diversity of groups and denominations, sociologists and sociologists have sought to understand them and divide them into typological categories. Among the proposed typologies that stand out the most are the following: pentecostalism as a religion or sect, classical pentecostalism, divine healing pentecostalism, of magic, neo-pentecostalism and the Pentecostalism of the three waves. It is important to note that these typologies were developed in the field of social sciences, with anthropology and religious sciences, which considered the behavioral aspects, beliefs and actions of groups called pentecostals. As there is the possibility of establishing a typology based on theology, which some theologians have already been doing, the aim of this article is to collaborate with a proposal for a theological typology that analyzes the doctrinal content of the various segments of Brazilian Pentecostalism. We will consider the typological possibility of a Christianity of pentecostality, of the pentecostal and of the pentecostalized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are few disaster studies conducted by social scientists in Brazil, in particular research related to the disaster recovery process. The debate about disaster recovery has been led by the natural and hard sciences, which have used it to frame disaster as an event that requires coping mechanisms and resilience strategies in order to bounce back. The term 'resilience' emerged in the biological and hard sciences and has been applied to human societies. Although the participation of social scientists in this debate is increasing, it is still rare to encounter sociological studies about resilience to disasters. The aim of this article is to discuss the concept of disaster resilience in light of the sociology of disaster. Based on bibliographic reviews, desk research and field research activities in the affected towns of Ilhota/Santa Catarina State (2008) and São Luiz do Paraitinga/São Paulo State (2010), the research discusses theoretical and methodological pathways to comprehend the social dimensions of disaster resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The key question posed in this article is "Why has the rich intellectual legacy bequested by Erving Goffman hardly ever been subsequently taken up and built upon by social scientists and linguists?" In a spirit of jouissance, this question and its proposed answer will be put in mystery form, and the investigation leading to its proposed solution will be pursued in the following manner. First, Goffman's legacy will be outlined with regard to its purported 'plusses' and 'minuses'. Secondly, the solution is pursued by references to the work of Goffman's latterday advocates and to his alleged opponents. Thirdly, a barrier to the proper characterisation, development and critical appreciation of Goffman's legacy was that hardly anyone currently concerned with his analyses has found the appropriate level at which to describe or criticise them. It is argued in this in this paper that the appropriate level for the deep investigation and critique of Goffman's analyses is that of what Ludwig Wittgenstein, in his later work, terms 'logical grammar' - the logical grammar of Goffman's tropes, his similes, his analogies. Perspicuous illustrations of this form of analysis are offered from the work of the theatre director and teacher of acting, Konstantin Stanislavski. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to ground the initial development of conceptions of the Marxist theory of dependence in the heat of the political clash in Brazil between 1959 and 1967. Initially, the text focuses on the formation and development of the Organização Revolucionária Marxista Política Operária through analysis of some political documents of the organization, and then focusing on the Programa Socialista para o Brasil of 1967, in order to highlight certain similarities of the political program with the central lines that would form part of the Marxist theory of dependence. At the end, the article raises a reciprocal relationship between the knowledge forged in the heat of the political struggle with those elaborated within the university, indicating the presence and re-elaboration of the conceptions of political organization in the initial works of the social scientists Theotônio dos Santos and Ruy Mauro Marini. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since its foundation the Brazilian worker's party (PT) has been studied by several historians and social scientists. It has also been constantly probed by the media and common sense due to political-discursive changes of its posture. The purpose of his article is to analyse the institutional ethos of PT in two distinctive historical moments. Firstly, the moment before its foundation (1979), beginning with the so called Charter of Principles, and secondly, the election year when victory to the presidency of the republic was achieved (2002), based on the letter to the Brazilian people. Thus, it is intended to point in these two moments how the different images of the party were rhetorically constructed by establishing a linguistic-discursive panoramic contrast. Initially the article sets the party's origin in the Brazilian context and its course to the presidency of the republic. Hence, for contextualization of its historical changes, notes of political scientists and historians are brought up with the intention of presenting, by sampling, controversial points of view on the party metamorphoses. Ultimately, this paper is concerned to the analysis of the letters which have been mentioned with the intention of apprehending how the ethos is constructed as a rhetorical dimension. The conclusion shows, amongst other things, that in the 1979 letter a party radically classicist is built, it also posits itself next to the exploited mass against the dominant elite. In the 2002 letter, however, such conflict is silenced, highlighting a nationalist and conciliator ethos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Between 1940 and 1960, there was extensive academic research in the field of sociology and anthropology of so-called community studies in Brazil. In the era of large projects in the social sciences in the 1950s, involving research on race relations, education and health, we highlight the research conducted in the São Francisco Valley, under the coordination of the sociologist Donald Pierson. Attention is given in this paper to the issue of health in these studies as a means to make intelligible the relevant issues at the time, namely: cultural resistance to change, relations between tradition and modernity, tensions and complementarities between scientific knowledge and folk healing practices, among others. The examination of the research project of San Francisco identified the issue of health, linked to socioeconomic and cultural aspects, emerges as a key to the knowledge of living conditions and social reality of the communities investigated. Social scientists have sought to describe them in detail and comprehensively, taking the process of cultural change as the main axis of research. This paper presents the research that formed the said project and shows how social scientists have addressed the issue of health in their work. Linked by the theme of health, social sciences and the development context of the 1950s are gathered in the San Francisco Project, whose research allows us to understand the dynamics of social change in that period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The survival of small companies in the capitalist development. The role of small companies in capitalist development has raised, throughout the years, the analytical curiosity of economists and other social scientists. In spite of the enormous disadvantages that they possess in competing with big capital, there are innumerable reasons for their survival. The empirical evidence is clear in attesting the importance of small companies in terms of GDP share and job creation and, at the same time, their difficulties for surviving. This paper presents a theoretical revision, departing from Marx, Marshall, Steindl and Schumpeter up to some contemporary authors, concerning the role of the small companies in capitalist development, emphasizing the reasons and the difficulties for its survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors suggest elements for a definition of the culture of free software. They go on to look at the points where two social worlds intersect: the world of advocates of free software and activists in the co-operative movement in Quebec. They analyse points of divergence and convergence between the former's innovative practices in the technological field and the latter's innovative practices in the social field. They put forward the hypothesis that these cross-fertilizations of practices produce new models of social and technological innovation which come close to what some social scientists call ascendant innovation processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the mística of the Landless Workers' Movement (MST) in Brazil and, in light of the theology of liberation and in dialogue with social sciences, discusses methodological steps to better understand its importance to the MSTs struggle, resistance and political project. Firstly, the article considers some studies undertaken by social scientists into the mística of the MST. Afterwards, the discussion is analyzed in light of the methodology of the theology of liberation. Lastly, the article proposes a dialogue between social sciences and the theology of theology in order to better understand the mística of the MST and to indicate a way in which other social movements and political activists could incorporate mística into their struggles for justice without simply copying the MST. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research presents a qualitative analysis of four agreements (World's intelligibility or studying reality as an object; acquiring a critical attitude; methodological aptitude; and open publication of the results), and other subjects approached. The sample was composed by N= 183 Paraguayan researchers, categorized by PRONII/CONACYT Paraguay in its 2011 and 2013 callings.97 of them accepted to be recorded while they were answering to the Survey on the Sociology of Scientific Research (De la Lama et al., 2013) Chapter Paraguay Version (Coppari, 2015), intended to ask about the agreements that natural and social sciences researchers follow when doing research. Results show evidence that most researchers accept the existence of implicit rules in scientific work. Disagreements between participants refer to the nature of those agreements, namely the first and last, especially between social scientists. Researcher's personal words are highlighted beyond the numbers, to show their experiences in scientific work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies on the models of cooperative governance in metropolitan environments have been expanded in Brazil, currently, due to the territorial and demographic configurations that are formed in the national space. Such configurations affect the quality of the management of the territories established in the country, challenging the society to reorder the functions and the metropolitan roles in the Brazilian political sphere. In this sense, the research centers in Political Geography retake the discussions carried out by jurists, social scientists and technicians on the institutional problems of interinstitutional cooperation in the scale of the Brazilian metropolises, whose public services are competitive among themselves. Such competition affects the quality of life of millions of people in the metropolis, being the case of the Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro emblematic for the study of the metropolitan functions of essential services in Brazilian federalist culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the main features of the life and work of Celso Furtado, paying special attention to the most important aspects of his scholarly contributions in the fields of the history, theory and policy of economic development. Celso Furtado has played a crucial role in the definition of the tenets and programme of the un Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLA - CEPAL) in the early 1950's. His technical and political experience in this commission would be further implemented throughout his career as officer and minister responsible for the development of economic policies in Brazil, before the military coup in 1964, which would imply Furtado's exile. He took large advantages from that political experience, namely as regards the development of his theoretical and doctrinal contributions. He also proved to be quite influential on Portuguese authors who read Furtado aiming at the use of his arguments as a doctrinal framework for economic development in Portugal at the final stage of the authoritarian regime. This article focuses in particular this less known aspect of the influence of Furtado in Portuguese social scientists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article have as purpose the development of the suggestion that a Musical Imagination could bring to the History, specially referring to the Intellectual History, the possibility of bring new ways of considering the theory complexity of various authors, between historians, philosophers, social scientists and others. More specifically, the discussion aims to present the possibility of using a musical metaphor to discuss the complexity of the intellectual identities of historians and philosophers of history. The metaphor used - the 'theory chord' - intents apprehend the complexity of an author supposing that no author, or at least few number of authors, could be closely classified in a single historiography paradigm, such as positivism, historicism or historical materialism. The ideas presented in this article will be developed in an author's book which will be published by the end of 2010, which seeks to analyze various historians and their works using the metaphor proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Subverting the reluctant approximation of arts and academia, we propose, as social scientists, to analyze artistic creation, participating in its process and facing still existing challenges of exteriority and distrust. Unusually, the invitation to this scrutiny arises from the arts world, through the theatrical company Teatro Meia Volta and the project "The public goes to the theater", a proposal that seeks to establish an active dialog between performance, public formation, and action research. Experience, which is simultaneously artistic/ investigative, bringing to the core discussion OPorto public (arbitrarily constituted) and its relationship with theater, questions the role of actors, institutions, and the publics. In this article we reflect on the sociological monitoring carried out in this multidisciplinary study and respective creative process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes the transformations in Portuguese anthropology during the 1990s, both as experienced by the author in connections to North American and Brazilian anthropology and as experienced by the community of Portuguese social scientists, which hosted in 1990 two international conferences that were key to the dynamics of internationalization in that decade: the first EASA meeting and the first Luso-Afro-Brazilian Social Sciences Conference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we suggest a reading of the formation of Anthropology in Portugal that considers that "nation-building" and "empire-building" were never very far from each other and tended to fade into one another, in fact, from a broader perspective, we see Anthropology in Portugal as part of what might be called a "fifth tradition" - that is, one that places itself beyond the four main imperial traditions of Anthropology' (German, French, British and American). In this sense, their non-hegemonic cosmopolitanism places Portuguese social scientists in a position that is akin to that of the Japanese, the Indians or the Brazilians. In particular, Portugal's place at a crossroads of the Euro-American routes of intellectual exchange and the South Atlantic routes has recently reaffirmed itself as an important mark in the way Portuguese social sciences intervene in the global scientific debate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Municipal archaeology", meaning archaeological conservation and management carried on by local councils' professional units, is, as well as all local democratic government, an April 25th Revolution's conquest. The paper summarizes the main streams of Portuguese archaeology post-1974 development, underlining the emergence of dozens of municipal units since 1980. Based upon the available surveys, a general portrait of municipal archaeology is attempted, even considering the absence of case studies and deeper analysis. Nevertheless, the relevance of these kind of local units for the conservation, study and promoting of the Portuguese archaeological heritage is unquestionable and crucial for communities' representations of those cultural elements and for archaeologists' affirmation as essential social scientists in the cultural network of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses several interfaces between memory and history, based on the contribution of the following contemporary authors: Pierre Nora, Michael Pollak, Jacques Le Goff and Roger Chartier, among others. It then investigates how social scientist Gilberto Freyre constructed his historical narrative in a dialogue with the interfaces discussed by these authors. This investigation is oriented by the hypothesis that Freyre undertook his intellectual project (between 1922 and 1926) tracing the borders of memory and of history. We demonstrate how the author proposed a "symbiotic relationship" between history, memory and poetic time based on the conciliation of fields such as science, literature and popular culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to expose and reflect on the debate between remarkable social scientists of our time: Ulrich Beck and Bruno Latour. However, I still suggest that this debate goes beyond the level of their convergences and divergences in providing indicative of some trends in the humanities. One aspect that I intend to discuss refers to what I see as an "anthropological openness" of the human sciences, which in no way corresponds to his anthropologization. I argue that due the proliferation of crises sociologists and political scientists tend to open their macro-explanatory schemes of social scrutiny and the combination of anthropological methodologies as a mean of finding bases for new parameters that can delimit normative political projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The human values of managers and their implications in corporate performance have increasingly became a subject of interest for social scientists all over the world, much due to the recent contributions from psychology which provided reasoning and practical solutions for understanding and studying values. In this context, Schwartz's motivational theory is one of the most representative contributions. This paper aims at studying the human values system of Brazilian managers through the application of a revised version of the PVQ scale originally proposed by Schwartz. Results confirm the validity of this new adapted version of the PVQ for studying higher order values in Brazilian context, although it seems less robust for studying motivational type values. Brazilian managers seem to attribute higher value to individual autonomy as motivator for volunteer cooperation and pursuit of social well-being, valuing freedom and igualitarism over hierarchy and formality in social interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Academic studies on local elites are of recent vintage and require rigorous theoretical support and methodology. The choice and handling of sources have greatly contributed to opening up new lines of inquiry which have been faithfully followed by a new generation of social scientists. This article sets out the methodology and main sources to be used, with practical examples, such as oral memory and even literature, in addition to institutional sources, both local and national, and the standard bibliographies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Historians and social scientists often compare the trajectories of blacks and immigrants in the state of São Paulo after abolition, but rarely study everyday relations between them. The article, based primarily on police investigations and criminal trial records resulting from violent conflicts between Italians and nonwhites, examines the tensions between these groups after abolition in the municipality of São Carlos, which was on the coffee frontier and attracted large numbers of immigrants. The interactions leading to violence and the depositions of witnesses reveal acute symbolic conflicts. Many blacks and other nonwhites insisted that they be treated with dignity and respect, refusing to humble themselves in interactions with Italians, but Italians feared leveling with blacks and claimed superiority. The insults in these fights constituted classification struggles, in which each side tried to associate the other with negative characteristics. The demographic preponderance of immigrants, combined with collective rancor against blacks, favored group aggression by Italians against isolated black individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with discourse based on two previous studies with newspaper texts that interpret not only the discourse process but also the political aspect concerning the linkage of language with history and ideology. Thus, it evaluates the theoretical-methodological principles and procedures of the French Discourse Analysis (DA), based on its use in the Social Sciences field, especially byPolitical Science. It shows that the connection between the social scientist and DA allows the awareness that it is not a field exclusive to Linguistics, but is formed by both Psychoanalysis and Marxism, with close relation to the Social Sciences. Guided by Althusser's analysis of Marx, it reviews concepts of ideology and subject as well as the relation that is established between them in the subjectivation process. The use of this methodology, which is also a theory, places the social scientist, during the process of understanding the studied object, up against theoretical-methodological challenges that may lead him/her to review this reflection based on his/her own education and disciplinary fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]