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The article studies the co-presence of literary and constitutional realism in the Latin American narrative of violence, in this case, City of God (1997) by the Brazilian author Paulo Lins and Bicentenaire (2004) by the Haitian Lyonel Trouillot. Both realistic texts, in line with Aristotelian requisites, that treat marginalized characters in a space-time with local marks, and 'realist' texts, in line with Rousseauian requisites, that treat the governed subject to citizen norms to be accepted and practiced, allow an appreciation that goes beyond the convened socio-verbal genre to both literary and political meaning. Noting that the category of 'political identity' and the experience of social exclusion unite these realisms in literary-cultural studies and constitutional studies, it is intended to 'read' as a 'democratic act' the writings that fictionalize: the absence of the Brazilian state in the face of peripheral violence, and the repressive violence of the Haitian parapolice State during street protests. When comparing the realisms and situating the constitutional contexts, an 'enlightenment' and 'modern' master language is observed whose exercise (re) produces the 'democratic' imperative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Did urbanism in Brazil appropriate the urban tradition to the same extent as pioneering modern architecture? This article builds an answer to this question, which goes through the theoretical unraveling of the definition of the term space from the recognition of two historically accepted conceptions. It starts with a brief presentation of the main genealogies and principles of these conceptions, as methodological support to read their impact on the work of Oscar Niemeyer. It looks at the design strategies used in two works of the architect: the project for Praça XV in Rio de Janeiro (1991) and the urban complex of Pena Furada, in Portugal (1965). With notions borrowed from other disciplinary fields an interpretation of the incorporation of time as a mediating element of spatial experience is proposed: as a literal landmark - printed in concrete references to tradition - and as a generating element of spatial decisions - when incorporated into the experience of displacement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to establish a look affected by the decoloniality for the performative actions of the Brazilian multi-artist Flávio de Carvalho in the 1930s in São Paulo. The period in which, in line with the ideas of Anthropophagy, the artist promoted several actions that, in addition to the provocative intention, seem to reveal his activism in search of unveiling the effects of coloniality. From the established space-time cut, we highlight the Experience n°2 and the Experience Theater project that will be investigated from the records (text and images) produced and published by the artist himself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the space-time constructions of the telenovela Pantanal with the aim of bringing to light the power tensions underlying the discourse, in interface with the Brazilian socio-historical reality. To this end, Bakhtin's concept of chronotope is used together with the concept of territorialities. The fi rst allows investigating the space-time in the narrative and audiovisual language, in the aesthetic and ethical scope, while the notion of territory/territoriality brings concreteness to the extradiegetic relationship raised by fi ction, mainly because it deals with the representation of a real territory. The adopted decolonial perspective seeks to confront the colonial discursive hegemony that refers to the domination of natural spaces and native peoples by white, patriarchal and capitalist culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research chain that was named as 'research in/of/with the everyday life' started being articulated in Brazil thirty years ago. The article talks about what was this beginning and the preoccupation with the methodological organization at the moment, since something new was being created at the country, and here, it's told the history of the possible beginning. It indicates the initial theoretical bases brought by Certeau and Deleuze, although, next, multiple groups were organized, in many Brazilian universities, around various themes and counting on the inclusion of many European and Latin American authors, such as: Maturana, Lefebvre, Mafesoli, Boaventura de Sousa Santos, among others. At last, it points out the most recent epistemological-theoretical-methodological questions of the group. Reminding then, the necessary movements to research with everyday life; the countless educative networks that we form and in which we are formed; the importance of intercessors to the formation of thinking; the virtuality in the formation of possible curricular events; a diverse comprehension for the idea of repetition, as 'spacetime' of change; the talks as a central locus of research processes; the need of relations with arts for the research of this chain, taking us to the comprehension of everyone presence in all senses in our everyday life, actions and thinking; the comprehension that pedagogical acts always bring into the picture ethical, aesthetical, political and poetical dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The geography of what happens is an expression linked to works associated with Non-representational Theories (TNR), an acronym coined by Nigel Thrift in the mid-1990s and which commonly came to be understood as a participant in more-than-representational geography. The expression "geography of what happens" is associated with representational transcendence and the quest to narrate space-time through the daily pursuit of actors involved in heterogeneous networks. This paper, essentially epistemological, aims to elucidate the geography of what happens, little explored in geographic works in Brazil, pointing out its theoretical framework, exposing its assumptions and critically evaluating its potentialities and challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article, of a theoretical character, presents reflections on the teaching role in discussions of gender and sexualities in the school environment, based on the understanding that, in order to build a safe space-time for all those involved in the school context, it's necessary to have a pedagogical structure that allows the full development of all subjectivities and experiences, leaving no spaces for violence. Some didactic-methodological notes are offered that allow initial and pedagogical referrals for the debate of the theme in the classroom. In conclusion, it's argued that both the school and the teacher by adopting a critical position in the face of LGBTphobic practices, largely contributes to a safe and healthy school trajectory for all subjects involved in the school environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tuberculosis transmission among Brazilian Indigenous people is not recent, leading to deterioration in their quality of life. However, tuberculosis is still disproportionately affecting this population, with high incidence and a stable pattern in most Brazilian regions and states. The present work is an ecological study, based on tuberculosis cases from 2001 to 2020 in municipalities in the state of Mato Grosso. Thematic maps were made for Kernel estimates of the tuberculosis rates and spacetime clusters. The results showed higher rates in locations close to the DSEI headquarters, the same occurring with the space-time clusters. This can be explained by the underreporting of cases, generated by low-quality health care, causing failures in the disease surveillance system. In order to control the disease and improve case detection in indigenous populations, specific and integrated strategies by health authorities are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article we present socioterritorial development as a category of analysis capable of understanding the interactions between some processes that are commonly analyzed separately, such as the struggle for land, on land, socio-territorial movements and the agroecological transition. We discussed how socioterritorial development presents itself as an analysis tool committed to the reading of territorial transformations that result from the convergence between the principles of agroecology and those of the political struggle of socioterritorial movements. We discussed the subversive character of agroecology, as an example of Territorial contentious Policy (PCT), built from peasant agroecological experiences. We argue that agroecology is one of the only productive systems that, interpreted on Polanyi's theoretical perspective, offers possibilities to promote the "(re) embeddedness" of the "(dis) embeddedness" of society, as it allows undoing adjustments space-time hegemonic, imposed by the logic of agribusiness and the corporate diet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is an effort to understand part of the genesis and of the processes that took place in the protection of the right to access mineral wealth over space-time. In addition to the laws that directly interfered with the use and occupation of the soil / subsoil, and the way in which the space is produced, with most of the deposits located in the countryside, this debate also runs through geographic science, the agrarian question, the reflection about nature and the territory category. The route covered important periods in the history of the formation of Brazilian territory, reaching the implementation of the New Mineral Code (2019). Thus, it corroborates for the understanding of the injustices in the legal propositions in the formation of the extractive-mineral territories, demonstrating the popular absence in the decisions and formulations of mineral public policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is an invitation to think about other curricula, to reflect about the curriculum as power, as resistance, as fabulations that move the school surroundings. The aim is to problematize the relations between school spacetime, curriculum and children, who in the immanence of their childhoods, of their affections with the virtual world, create audiovisual narratives not in everyday school life between lines of escapes and escapes. As a methodological inspiration, we used cartography to enter the spacetime of a state public school in the city of Cáceres-MT, we noticed the relationship between school, curriculum, children, and childhood and make it resonate with beauty, fables, and curriculum creations of its thinking practitioners. We present the partial result of a master's research that followed movements and encounters that take place in school spaces-times, which go far beyond standardizations, as they present escape lines, resistances, gaps, and escapes that make the school, that create rhizomatic curricula, curricula thought to be practiced in everyday life, curricula created by children who carry out effects and other singularities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The magnificent Boltzmann-Gibbs statistical mechanics, amalgam of first principles and theory of probabilities, constitutes one of the pillars of contemporary theoretical physics. However, it does not apply to a wide number of the so called complex systems, characterized essentially by a strong space-time entanglement of its elements. We tutorially review here the proposal for its generalization, referred to as nonextensive statistical mechanics, which emerged in 1988. It is based on nonadditive entropies (with index q ≠ 1), in contrast with the Boltzmann-Gibbs-von Neumann-Shannon entropy, which is additive (with index q = 1). Its basic foundations, as well as selected applications in physics and elsewhere, are briefly described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The urban space, constituted through a space-time relationship as a product of socio-spatial processes, presents itself as dynamic and multifaceted due to the capitalist production model that imposes on society transformations from global to local. Nevertheless, spatial processes are observed that, from the point of view of the internal structure of cities, confer changes in the production of space, especially with regard to commercial and service activities. In this sense, the present study was developed from observations of the transformations that occurred in the intra-urban space of Uberlândia (MG). Among the recent dynamics that occurred in the city, it was observed the consolidation of new centralities, especially Avenida João Naves de Ávila, considered a commercial axis, through the analysis and identification of spatial patterns resulting from the densification of commercial and service activities, as a reflection of the spatial process of decentralization. Based on this assumption, the research has as main objective to analyze the process of decentralization and the formation of new centralities from the commercial axes of the city of Uberlândia, having as a cutout Avenida João Naves de Ávila and using the methodology of Ribeiro Filho (2004), from which 129 blocks could be identified in their entirety, with different and large numbers of tertiary activities. After analyzing the data, it was observed that the decentralization of tertiary activities is still in progress on the avenue, resulting in different degrees of functional intensity, as well as in the establishment of distinct patterns of location of commercial and service activities. In this sense, six sectors were classified: Central I, Central II, Special, East I, East II and Far East, being heterogeneous among themselves, but with characteristics that make them singular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the paths built in the interaction between researchers, teachers and children on what the circle of culture constituted a methodological possibility of research. Understood not only as a physical disposition of persons in the occupied space, but as relationships established there, the circle of culture constituted an educative space-time of awareness and teacher's(trans)formation. The research were developed in space-time of a public playschool and has as a goal knowing and (re)mean the conception(s) about welcome of professionals in caring for children whosedevelopment is involved by some disability. The research exercise, grounded in Freire's theory, point to humanized welcome as an original-viable in the horizon, not only in playschool, but in caring of every children and each educational space-time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present research work aims to discuss the teaching of School Geography from the reframing and refunctionalization of the landscapes of the cities of União da Vitória (PR) and Porto União (SC) during the period of the Contestado War (1912-1916). As a methodology, we made an analysis of the 1933 document "Historical Notes of União da Vitória". Based on the concept of geographic reasoning and memory, we discussed proposals for approach considering representation and space-time. The results pointed to a multiplicity of representations both in the same time and social space and in their successions. Therefore, to teach Geography, we conclude that there is a need to align representations with space-time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of time and climate is of extreme importance for environmental science, since it configures temperature, precipitation, to humidity and winds, and can impose limits on the environments in which organisms live. Being one of the driest regions of the country, the Brazilian northeast is characterized by large irregularities, which are caused by atmospheric systems and physiographic factors. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the precipitation variability of the Campina Grande microregion, through the monthly and annual space-time analysis of precipitation; And to identify the dry and rainy cycles of the studied area, with the aid of the rainfall anomaly index (IAC). For this, the rainfall data used in the research correspond to the monthly series of precipitation in the period 1994 to 2014 provided by the AESA for the temporal space evaluation of precipitation and for the calculation of the IAC. Where, the two extremely humid years were 2000 and 2011 and the extremely dry years were 1998 and 2012. The microregion has two distinct periods, one wet and one dry, with six months each. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although in the history of geography the memory appears as an under-construction theme, the spatial and temporal dimensions, the individual or collective place, and the objective and subjective aspects are insufficiently problematized in the Brazilian geography. In this paper, I emphasize the individual memory and its use in memorials, as well as I suggest a "Supernatural Geography" in which the present memory is a comprehensive source of "space-time", "me" and "others", and "current opportunities". The proposal of this text is suggestive and provocative, with the objective to lead the reader more to a reflection than to finding something closed and ready. I use in the text a methodology that combines bibliographic research on memory, including contemporary geographical production, and, to a lesser extent, (self)Biographical research with a life narrative. There are no "conclusions" in the text, as some concerns and questions from the author are placed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This text is an instrument through which we demonstrate the origin, nature and social function of scientific knowledge and its historical importance in school education from the contributions of the marxian ontological perspective, historical-critical pedagogy and historical-cultural theory. The objective is to demonstrate, based on the historical process of human self-construction, the essence of science, as well as the need for more and more school education to defend it. Our intention is to reflect on the constitution and humanizing potential of scientific knowledge in the school environment. We emphasize that these elements are essential for the development of the human psyche and their appropriation requires the teaching, research, teaching and learning task in the school space-time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Brazilian Northeast is characterized by have large irregularities in precipitation, which is one of the most important climatic variables. That is why we must know it, not only to characterize the continent's climate, but also to countless productive activities, such as agriculture, cattle raising, hydropower generation, among others. Therefore, the paper undertakes to evaluate the rainfall variability of the Eastern Serido Paraibano, through the monthly and annual space-time analysis of the rainfall and to identify the dry and rainy cycles of the studied area with the aid of the Rainfall Anomaly Index (IAC). For this, the rainfall data used in the research correspond to the rainfall series from 1994 to 2014 provided by the AESA for the spatial-temporal assessment of rainfall and for the calculation of the Rainfall Anomaly Index (IAC). The area presents two distinct periods, a wet period, which runs from January to June and a dry period from July to December. More precipitation was observed in the North West and South West parts, being in greater abundance in the South West region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The text, in the form of an essay, is anchored by transcriptions of pronouncements by Paulo Freire and Darcy Ribeiro to reflect on the dimensions of time and space in curent practices of integral education. Almost thirty years later, we see ourselves through situations that remind us of the reality of the past. However, more recently, as in the case of the program "Mais Educação", there have been assays in the field of social policies to address the dilemma of expanding time and widening the scope of the search for alternatives to educate children and adolescents who are worse off socially. We point out that the management of time and of the formative spaces through the curriculum is a key issue in the construction of institutional proposals that lead to this enlargement as a strategy to guarantee the right to a critical, integrative and problematizing education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper addresses the problem of continuing education of teachers in early childhood education in contemporary times, asking how to elaborate formative pathways that do not focus exclusively on the models/standards of professionalization predetermined by academic production, and later adopted by government policies. It is organized from the investigative movement traced with the teachers who participate in the extension-research project UERJ-EDU-DEDI, coordinated by the author. It critically analyzes the main causes that justify the failure of the training projects established based on the aforementioned models of professionalization and points out conceptual possibilities to think more immanent formative processes, that is, produced from the experiences that unfold itself in the curricular movement, experiences in which teachers try to build more ethical educational relationships with childhood. It concludes that the formative movement needs to be configured as space-time for the expression and collective evaluation of the ethicaleducational potentialities engendered in these experiences. The work is conceptually aligned with Gilles Deleuze's philosophy of difference, especially the reading he performs of Baruch Spinoza's "Ethics". It is methodologically guided by the monitoring the modes of subjectivation cartography traced by the teachers in the process of curriculum production for early childhood education, according to the theoretical guidance provided by Suely Rolnik and Felix Guattari. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Test-particles motion can be analyzed using the tools of the Theory of General Relativity. Some classical verifications of this theory involve test-particles trajectories in the spherically symmetric spacetime associated to the Schwarzschild solution. Another spacetime with this symmetry is the one described by the Reissner-Nordström solution, associated to a spherical distribution of mass and electric charge as, for instance, a charged black hole. In this spacetime, we analyze the motion of free particles, which follow geodesics, and of particles with electric charge, which, therefore, interact electrically with the central object. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The theme that we propose here is only possible because we live in the time and space in which we live. We live in it, here and now. If we were in the post-World War II period, we might possibly be discussing the "mass schooling" or, if we were in the period of May 1968, we would be debating the "university contestation." Today, however, since life offers us other opportunities, we discuss the role of education in the light of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, aware of its role in the integral development of the person. This new way of understanding education makes the world take a qualitative leap, when conceiving itself as a function of the personal development of each human being. We arrive at the real epicenter of the earthquake that shakes education and will require profound changes to the school subsystem within the education system. The school thus has the responsibility to adapt the curriculum to its students and to take options that it considers more effective in order to guarantee the success of the students - of all the students -, especially of those that manifest some type of fragility. In the article that we propose to develop, we intend to rethink not exclusively the school system - that is determinant in the formation of the person and that we will analyze by way of the school diversity -, but the educational system as a whole and we will propose that it goes farther, more to the concrete and further to the bottom to be truly inclusive, as is demanded today in contemporary societies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On March 11th, 2020, the COVID-19 disease has declared a pandemic. In Brazil, the first official record of the disease was on February 25, 2020, a total of 90,982 cases and 6,367 deaths were counted until May 1st of the same year. Using the spatial and space-time statistical tools of the SaTScan™ software, it is possible to develop a robust retrospective and prospective scanning analysis to identify and monitor the occurrence of the spread of the disease. In this context, the MONITORA-CLUSTERS project was created, which aims to verify and monitor high-risk clusters of confirmed cases and deaths by COVID-19 in Brazil. Throughout the study period, the results showed spatial and space-time significant clusters. To identify active clusters of cases and deaths, the prospective spatio-temporal analysis shows where and when such clusters began, pointing out critical locations for control measures. It was noticed in both approaches that all Brazilian macro-regions present clusters with an excess of registered cases and/or deaths. This powerful epidemiological tool has the potential to collaborate in assisting pandemic decision-making in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we aim to analyze how the School-Time and Community-Time are marked/represented in the genres Notebook of Reality and Monitoring Notebook, two pedagogical instruments of the Pedagogy of Alternation (PA). It is a research of qualitative-interpretative approach. The corpus is consisted of texts of six copies of the Notebook of Reality and three copies of the Monitoring Notebook, being used in the analysis the enunciative categories in the Benvenistean perspective. The study shows that these genres constitute a place of great relevance for records of activities and allow the student not only to evidence their experiences in the two spaces and formative times of PA, but also to express the reflection, the acquired knowledge, making the generalizations expected by the formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper adopts a conception of language as repertoire, conceived as an emergent set of semiotic resources that reflects life trajectories located in specific times and spaces. From this theoretical perspective, it analyzes dimensions of the configuration of the communicative repertoires of Indigenous individuals in the postcolonial contemporaneity. The empirical data under analysis was generated in a linguistic education context and consists of oral, written and multimodal registers of emerging interactions on the production and presentation of linguistic portraits. The analysis aims to highlight the pedagogical relevance of (self)representation of linguistic repertoires as a starting point for language education and as a research tool on linguistic resources, practices and ideologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The central objective this paper is reflect on the internship experience like spacetime privileged to a good formation of the Physical Education (PE) teachers. I intend demonstrate theoretically on the importance of the epistemology and hermeneutics during the internship process. I work with the hypothesis that wath, from this teoretic movement, can be significant impacts in to students formation, with possibles consequences to school PE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper theoretically discusses the relation between ecology and religion in late modernity and questions whether eco-spirituality would be a new space-time grammar. Our purpose is to understand some of the religious responses to the interpellations raised by the environmental crisis. We understand that ecological contingencies stimulate new religious conceptions and practices in time and space and promote a shift from institutionalized religion to a dimension of spirituality. Methodologically, we apply bibliographical revision guided by the religion-ecology binomial to support the hypothesis that eco-spirituality, conjugated in the plural as ecologically reimagined religiousness, seeks to counteract the teleology of progress that moves in a linear space-time, evolutionist and positivist- quantitative perspective. The eco-spirituality brings environmental sensitivity to the holistic horizon of the relationship between humans and nonhumans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article deals with some poems and prose texts of Cora Coralina. They are works where times and spaces intersect, sensations and data of individual and collective memory are recovered, and simultaneously, domestic and distant places are connected. From the notion of expanded field, developed by the American researcher Rosalind Krauss, in the 1979 article "Sculpture in Expanded Field", that addresses some conditions of poetical works and brings sculptural elements that can help define strategies of approach to literary, we understand the contemporary scene in the analytical and critical approximation to objects, texts and images, moving out of the theoretical specifics. Places of poetry and poetic prose, Coralina's poems expand without constraints in anachronistic and transdisciplinary way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This text goes through some places in the literary work of Apollinaire that are motivated by the urban wanderings of the author. A modernization of the gaze is evident there: invested with an allegorical and mythical bias, in favor of an unusual feeling of estrangement from the banal and the quotidian, it concours to a lyrical, sometimes elegiac, game that the writer establishes between objects and figures, and between the past, the present and the future. The wandering Apollinaire, thus, expresses polysemic depth for lived space and time, over an increasing depersonalization imposed by the modern metropolis. The adhesion of Apollinaire to the forms of urban life reveals, at last, orphic power of lyrical and mythical transfiguration of the present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article focuses on the temporal organization proposed in the day care Center and the ways of living the time for the baby in this space. This ethnographic research was conducted in a public daycare center in the southern Santa Catarina state. The research subjects were a group of twelve babies and four adults, two teachers in each period. The time organization proposed by the adults in the day care center was evidenced, and it is governed by the clock chronology, marked by the lightening, fragmentation and mechanization of daily actions. However, babies do not live this organization in a passive or static way. They resist and transgress the proposed time, seeking to live other relationships that are not foreseen by adults, but which are important and necessary for them. These facts indicate the need and urgency to (re) think about the organization of the time proposed in the day care center, in order to consider the experiences and rhythms of the babies who live there daily. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Iguape-Cananéia estuary-lagoon complex (CELIC) has different environment conditions between the northern and Southern sections, with different anthropic pressures. Current study evaluates the space and time variation of bioavailability of metals Fe, Zn, Mn, Co, Cu, Cr, Cd, Pb and Ni in sediments at 8 sites of CELIC during two periods in 2013. Metal bio-availability was assessed by the method of simultaneous extractions of metal ions and sulfates volatized by acidification (SEM/SVA). There was a broad space and time variability in the parameters under analysis where mean availability of metals followed the sequence Fe>Mn>Zn>Pb>Cu. All sites provided ratio SEM/SVA > 1 for metal ions Pb, Cd, Ni, Cu and Zn, with greater toxicity in the northern sediments. The above suggests bio-availability of the metals and highlighted the potential of the sediments, adversely affecting local biota. Results underscore the influence of numerous urban, agricultural and mining activities on the system, mainly derived from the river Ribeira de Iguape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to make a preliminary reflection on the memory paths originated from facing the environmental catastrophe occurred in the districts of Bento Rodrigues, Paracatu de Baixo and Paracatu de Cima, located in Mariana, Minas Gerais, in November 2015. Through the traumatic experience of the disaster, the destruction of the villages, covered with toxic mud, how the citizens socially construct space and time? The main form of struggle of the affected cities' residents is the acts of memory, as they call them: texts, videos, newspapers, profiles and websites, which represent a way of speech (expression, communication) to those who did not suffer the trauma. As well as a form to reach the public sphere, so they can incorporate their narratives silenced by the action of the company responsible which does not recognize most of these citizens as victims of the disaster. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses temporality and spatiality, a subject that concerned important philosophers and mathematicians, but also thinkers such as Jaspers and Freud. It focuses on Jaspers who delimited time and space as guarantors of the internalization of the world, and on Freud, who, familiarized with the semiology of the psychiatric clinic of his time and relying on his knowledge of the hidden meaning of words, constructed a psychic apparatus that was rather based on the inventive temporality of timelessness, a circular and retroactive temporality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the concept of biopower, as elaborated by Michel Foucault, between 1974 and 1979. Biopower is defined as assuming two forms: on the one hand, it consists on a body political anatomy, and on the other hand, on a biopolitics of the population. The political anatomy refers to the disciplinary devices in charge of extracting from the human body its productive force, by controlling time and space, within institutions such as school, hospital, factory and prison. In turn, the population's biopolitics is based on mass regulation, using knowledge and practices to manage birth rates, migration flows, epidemics, and increased longevity. In addition, it is sought to relate Foucault's analyses on the politics of life to the problematic of liberalism, evidencing the extrapolation of economic logic to social relations. At the end of the article, the authors discuss the contemporary developments of technologies in the live and seek to show how the concept of biopower helps in understanding current forms of governance of conduits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Earth has a long natural history, marked by a short social history. Without temporal differentiation, society's rhythm in the production of nature resulted in an environmental crisis in the Twentieth Century, which triggered the notion of sustainable development. Current international proposal aims at alternative models of production and consumption of natural resources, solely focused on society's time without considering nature's time. Thus, sustainable development requires the distinction between natural and social times. The physical time of natural dynamics contains the periodic rhythm of phenomena on a larger time scale, while the historical time of social dynamics, the events' aperiodic rhythm, on a smaller time scale. In current globalization of the capitalist mode of production, historical time is unidirectional to physical time, with results of the localized and differential increase of impacts in the short term and of the likely inability of nature's support in the long one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The longing for a memory haven due to the increasing compression of space-time and the possibility of reconfiguration of the originality of the artwork -- as a consequence of the potential of technical reproducibility in the digital age -- are currently responsible for permanent reappropriation of past pictorial representations and the illusionism characteristic of the early cinema. As a result of the new audiovisual technologies, which have problematized the relation between painting and cinema, "panoramic installations" privilege immersion and interactivity with a participant, a co-author. Peter Greenaway and Lech Majewski are some of the filmmakers that work nowadays at this healthy frontier, updating the cinematographic apparatus, especially in its perceptive conditions of aesthetic fruition and new possibilities of processes of subjectivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Death and the "catholic funeral ritual complex" are events that may inspire ethnographic reflections about the relations between death (particularly its ritual dimension), time, space, memory and saudade. Here I want to explore some of these possibilities by looking at the events occurring after the death of catholic people in the Casa Amarela neighbourbood of Recife (Brazil). It seems to be possible to establish a structural-temporal relationship between these dimensions and hence to construct different times/types of memories based upon, on the one hand, an affective dimension (particularly saudade), and, on the other, a ritual dimension (as in the Day of the Dead), in the production of the "beloved being". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work presents a study on the agrarian structure in the Northeast Region and the state of Ceara in special, using agricultural census data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) for the years 1970, 1975, 1980, 1985, 1996 and 2006. We analysed the concentration of land ownership in this region by calculating the Gini index, grouping the states which had similar rates during the period. Ceará State was used as a study case to evaluate the degree of concentration of land ownership for the microregion in the decade 1996-2006, by time and space. The results found that both the Northeast and Ceará have not changed in the agrarian structure during the period 1970 to 2006, staying with a strong concentration of land ownership during the years studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Authorship in a \"world without frontiers\": paratopia in the technical-scientific informational period. This article discusses some contemporary authorship issues by the light of a discursive perspective. Based on the notion of paratopia (MAINGUENEAU, 2006), we analyze the so called "world without frontiers" as a meaning-effect founded on texts' circulation in the technical-scientific informational period (SANTOS, 2000). Basically, we propose a rapprochement between discursive and geographical issues, since we believe that a better understanding of space-time relations can help to understand many of the current forms of authorship, the way they build identities which are as strong as unstable, producing a proliferation of \"border zones\". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work results from critical reflections about educational practices influenced by Information Technology (IT), in particular those which constitute the learning method known as Distance Education (DE). My purpose is both to problematize and to discuss how new understandings of space-time inspired by IT and its social effects are expressed in the production of subjectivities as result of DE practices. These problematizations are created using the conceptual tool distance, which gains visibility with the rise of this educational method in various time and places in instructor relationships. Our main focus moves beyond looking at distance in the spatial or geographical sense that IT sustains, to view distance as (temporal) duration, posing questions about time in relation to learning. We will attempt to understand the transition taking place as distance no longer occurs in space. The learning process happens in time, time which is now divorced from movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The conformation of a city and the organization of its spaces form a material base starting from which it is possible to think a possible range of sensations and social practices. The city, while interaction and hybridity space, builds and reconstructs in time identities, it produces and reflects meanings, moving the attention to those social processes. It is presupposed that to understand the urban space through the consideration of its culture and of its intermediate spaces - streets, neighborhoods and equipments such as bars and restaurants - it is a way of looking for best means to manage it. This study has as objective to describe the cultural meanings attributed to the intermediate spaces, involving the emerging of bars and restaurants in three contiguous neighborhoods of Fortaleza, discussing the reflexes in terms of social-territorial development of the city. For such it was used, as methodological focus, an ethnographic research, combining varied collection techniques. The Thematic Analysis technique, which belongs to the Analysis of Content techniques group, was applied in the analysis of the collected information. Simultaneous times and differentiated spaces were evidenced, in which "places" and "non places" coexist meaning the "between places" and characterizing the emerging of intermediate spaces in the context of a city divided in two, rich in symbolisms and interaction, fragmented and solitary, unable to share the cultural codes suggesting challenges to its administration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This experiment has as objective shows, through the graphic visualization of the intervals of time among successive impacts of bodies in the soil, that a body in free fall travels proportional distances to the square of the time of fall. Through a quantitative analysis of the experimental data, it is possible to determine the value of the gravity acceleration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Humanity has undergone constant changes that relate to the ways people experience time - more and more accelerated - and space - more and more flexible. This article is a result of an exploratory study with a qualitative focus that seeks to comprehend how the time-space compression operates. For the analysis, indicators of the ways people work and live in the contemporaneity were used, extracted from articles published by a popular business magazine from July, 2005 to June, 2006. Concepts developed by Bauman, Harvey and Virilio were very useful for the analysis of the object of the present study. Among the results observed, we highlight the intense use of information technologies, which contribute to the development of different perceptions, such as being constantly connected and the non-existence of barriers. The distinction between time and space for work and time and space for the family/leisure is weakened. The ways of working in the contemporaneity compel people to adopt auto-management patterns to deal with the constant flux. Time-space compression seems to provoke different impressions, sufferings and (un)certainties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: to analyze composing aspects of verbal narratives of 5 and 6-year-old children. Methods: 50 children took part in this research. There were 23 boys and 27 girls in pre-school classes of four private schools in Praia do Canto, an upper class neighborhood of Vitoria, Espirito Santo. The sample is composed of a verbal narrative of a story and personal account in a formal interaction in which the child was asked to tell the story Little Red Riding Hood, as it is a well-known story, and make a personal narrative. The analysis criteria were based on Perroni (1992) and Brandão & Spinillo (2001). Results: the analyzed group displayed knowledge of narrative structures; satisfactory domain of temporal relations in narrated events; use of clauses which express temporal dependence with action verbs in past tenses; use of connectors with the predominance of "'aí" (a colloquial form similar to then) and "depois" (after that); proper use of time and space reference points; well-organized space-time relations and causative relations being developed. The study also pointed out the importance of the participation of an interlocutor in structuring the narratives. Conclusion: the children showed more ease in structuring the story rather than the personal narrative; they answered all kinds of eliciting questions; most of them needed mediation only in the personal narrative; they followed the time sequence not only in the story, using correctly the story-related flashcards, as for the personal narrative, they use "aí" as the main connector for causative and temporal cohesion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]