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The development of information technologies, which has led to an increase in the amount of multimedia content in World traffic, makes the role of the steganographic component in modern information protection systems significant. At the same time, to ensure steganographic protection of information in real-time when operating with digital video, the steganographic method is expected to meet the main effectivity criteria, as well as provide a low level of computational complexity, which is possible when performing steganographic transformation in the spatial domain of the container. One such modern method is the steganographic method with code control of additional information embedding. The problem of increasing the robustness of the specified steganographic method in the conditions of compression attacks by compression algorithms of digital video, primarily, the widespread MPEG-4 algorithm, is of particular interest. The purpose of this paper is to increase the robustness against attacks by compression of the steganographic method with code control of additional information embedding when operating with digital video. In this paper, experimental research on the robustness of the steganographic method with code control of additional information embedding in the conditions of a co mpression attack against the emb edded message by digital video compression algorithm MPEG-4 when embedding information using different colour models is performed. It is shown that embedding additional information in the Y-component of the YCbCr colour model allows reducing the number of errors when extracting additional information by 17%. It is also proposed to embed additional information using the steganographic method with code control only in dynamic blocks, which made it possible to reduce the number of errors when extracting additional information by 8%. The obtained results can be applied in practical steganographic applications to increase the robustness of the applied steganographic component of information protection systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of solving the task of discrete optimization is not completely solved. Lack of publications, scientific developments, algorithms and software products do not give the ability to transfer the mathematical apparatus of solving discrete optimization problems to the class P of computational complexity. All analytical and combinatorial algorithms for solving problems of linear and non-linear optimization are NP completeness. There are developments to improve the efficiency of robotic algorithms, they are filled with requests and actual ones. In this paper, it is proposed to use deterministic and probabilistic methods for forming a priority queue of decision vector components in order to assign positive values to them. After the formation of the variant of the solution, it is possible to vectorize as if the approached solution is taken away from the record value of the goal function, which in exact algorithms is like a solution, which results in a polyp. In this paper has a method for forming a priority line for concretizing the components of the solution vector. The basis of deterministic methods is the idea of a greedy algorithm. The location in the queue is determined by the value of the corresponding component of the cost vector. The appearance of the value of non-visibility in the system of restrictions increases the priority of the component. Behind such a way, another method of determination is modified. Probability assessment probability of priorities is based on the ideas of algorithms in an ant colony and simulated annealing. The scope of probability indicates the significance of the component - a contender for a positive value. A numerical example of a small variability of the task about a knapsack has been introduced, which demonstrates the imitation of a nearby solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increase in the amount of multimedia content generated, stored and transmitted by modern information systems leads to an increase in the role of the steganographic component in information protection systems. At the same time, significant requirements are put to the applied steganographic methods regarding their effectiveness, which include sufficient bandwidth, ensuring the reliability of perception, and resistance to attacks against the embedded message. The performance of the steganographic methods is of great importance, especially if it is intended to be used in real-time on a resource-constrained platforms. One of the modern steganographic methods, which is characterized by providing the main effectiveness indicators with a small computational complexity due to the execution of steganographic transformation in the space domain of the container, is a steganographic method with code control of additional information embedding. However, despite the rather high indicators of resistance to noise attacks, which can occur in many practical applications, the issue of increasing the resistance of steganographic transformation to these types of attacks remains relevant. The purpose of the paper is to increase the resistance to noise attacks of the steganographic method with code control of additional information embedding. The paper researches attacks against an embedded message with two types of noise: additive white Gaussian noise and "Salt and Pepper" noise. In the paper, experimental research on the effects of the structure of the codeword used on the robustness of the steganographic method with code control against a noise attack by additive white Gaussian noise was performed, which made it possible to develop practical recommendations regarding the parameters of the steganographic method with code control under the conditions of this type of attack. The application of the BAN method (broadband signal, attenuator, narrowband signal) is proposed to increase the resistance of the steganographic method with code control against the "Salt and Pepper" noise attack, which allowed to reduce the number of errors when extracting additional information in conditions of this noise by 48%. The results obtained in this paper can be useful for the application of the steganographic method with code control in practice in the conditions of transmission of a steganographic message over channels characterized by the presence of noise attacks against the embedded message. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Steganography methods are considered to be one of the most common technologies for the protection of any digital data when transmitted over open communication channels at a given time. The solution of the problem of digital data protection using steganography methods is used not only by government services, but also by terrorist organizations. Therefore, the need for research, development and continuous improvement of steganoanalytical methods is becoming extremely important. The steganoanalytical algorithm based on the study of the singular decomposition of digital image matrix blocks is proposed in the paper. The main purpose of this paper is to increase the efficiency of digital image steganoanalysis, in the absence of a container, by developing a new steganoanalytical algorithm based on the study of the singular decomposition of digital image matrix blocks. As a result of a detailed study of the steganography algorithm using the singular decomposition of digital image matrix blocks, the statistical characteristics of the singular values of image matrix blocks are established. Based on the defined characteristics, the paper presents the main steps of the stegananoanalytical algorithm. As a criterion for assessing the effectiveness of the developed steganoanalytical algorithm, the probability of detecting additional information was used. Errors of the first and second type are considered. To compare the results of the developed steganoanalytical algorithm with existing algorithms in open access, the following applications are selected: XSteg; StegSpy. The software product "StegoAnalysis" has been implemented for the automated solution of the stegananalytical problem for digital image. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is said that the best password manager is our brain. This statement makes sense, but sometimes our brain does not cope, we have to use external resources. The number of passwords per user is growing every year: new social networks, new bank accounts, new registrations in various services, accounts on various services (television, music, Internet service providers, etc.). According to the rules of information security, using the same password for different client services is not rational, because if attackers can, for example, choose a password for your email, they will try to apply it to your other applications such as Internet banking and more. Modern man understands that each service needs its own unique password. The password must be strong, contain a certain number of characters, where among the numbers and letters the reliability of the password is increased by special characters and case changes. It's hard to remember. But remembering one password is beyond the power of most of us. Choosing a convenient and reliable password manager is not an easy task. You really have to trust the service. In the end, it is he who will store your confidential information. In this paper, two dozen password managers were tested and eleven were selected, which are the best in terms of functionality, security and convenience. However, each of the well-known managers does not take into account the individual characteristics of users and needs additions according to their needs. Therefore, the creation of software for storing passwords in encrypted form is relevant. Encrypted passwords can be accessed through the one password you need to remember. Such relationship software was created in this paper, taking into account the needs of corporate and private use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of information technologies, including artificial intelligence, is leading to their widespread use in many areas of our lives. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, the number of cases of its application to generate digital images, audio, video, etc. is growing. Counterfeiting digital audio files is dangerous from the point of view of being used by criminals to exert information and psychological influence and manipulate society and individuals. There are modern methods for detecting audio fakes made by artificial intelligence. They are highly accurate, but not without drawbacks. The main drawback is the complex architecture and high resource intensity. The aim of this paper is to develop a neural network that would allow detecting audio fakes with satisfactory accuracy and whose training would not require significant computing resources. A method was chosen for modification, namely, the method of detecting audio fakes using a convolutional neural network. The method for detecting audio fakes was modified by building a model with a new architecture with fewer layers, which significantly reduced the time and computational resources required compared to analogues. The experimental results obtained using the modified method show satisfactory efficiency and accuracy of the system. Errors of the first kind amounted to 24%, errors of the second kind - 9%. The developed modification is implemented in a software application with a convenient and simple interface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The task of path finding by an agent is one of the basic tasks and is of great practical importance. As a rule, this is an optimization task that is solved in the space of the state graph in order to minimize the length of the path. Such a task becomes more difficult and becomes even more popular if it is solved on the basis of one graph space by several agents. In this case, another practically important optimization parameter appears, which is expressed by the number of conflicts between agents. Such an abstract formulation of the task has numerous variants of formalization and a large number of approaches to its solution. In this paper, the main element of the approach is the application of the classic Dijkstra algorithm, which is executed sequentially by each agent. When finding the shortest route, each agent modifies the graph space in such a way as to reduce the probability of conflicts with subsequent agents. This approach is original and a number of computational experiments were performed to verify it using software developed for this purpose. The experiments that were conducted demonstrate the adequate behavior of the main algorithm. The work analyzes the limitations inherent in the proposed approach within the framework of the abstract formulation of the task. The directions of further development of the basic approach have been determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the fact that the effectiveness of experiment planning methods, especially when solving applied problems, has been proven more than once, the ideas of a multifactorial experiment are very slowly being introduced into science and engineering practice. The reasons for this are: the complexity of organizing the experiment; the parameters of the systems under study are of a complex dynamic nature and are subject to significant influences of changes in environmental conditions; the apparent complexity of the planning and calculation matrix discourages researchers with insufficient mathematical background; many manuals on the application of a multifactorial experiment are written at a level inaccessible to engineers, given the training in the disciplines of mathematical and computer cycles in technical universities. The experiment occupies the main place among the methods of obtaining information about the internal relationships of phenomena in nature and technology. As the processes and phenomena under study become more complex, the costs of the equipment and the experiment increase. During the tests, a large amount of experimental data is collected that requires processing and analysis. At the same time, the duration of the analysis, comprehension of the test results and their accounting for adjusting the characteristics of new products is very significant. The systems approach involves considering all elements of an active experiment as a single system. From these positions, it is necessary to present the general properties of the experiment as an object of study and give recommendations on the choice of mathematical techniques and methods that the experimenter can use when choosing decisions during the preparation of the experiment, its conduct and processing of the results. It is very important to choose methods and tools for processing experimental data. Despite the fact that, since 2002, many works have been proving the effectiveness of using the Excel analysis package for processing experimental data, the scientific and educational literature still uses coding of variables, randomization of experiments, and the choice of critical values of the criteria for assessing the quality of mathematical models from tables. In addition, optimization methods are not used in the works for forecasting. In this paper, in order to accelerate the process of introducing effective computer processing methods into science and engineering practice, the implementation of the methodology for processing active experiment data using Excel is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Video analysis is a very important tool in video surveillance systems with one or more cameras. Among the most promising features are tracking the movement of objects - tracking. The current state of development in the field of tracking is considered in the work. There are several types of trekking. Pixel Tracking is the tracking of the movement of a specific point (pixel) or group of points on the original video sequence. The result of this process is the trajectory of the pixel, corresponding to the movement of an object in the frame. Matchmoving is a complex process that allows you to create a three-dimensional scene with a digital camera based on the available video sequence, which exactly repeats the movement of a real camera. Motion Capture is a technology designed to determine the position and orientation of a real object in a virtual environment, determining the position and orientation of a real object in space is carried out using special sensors and markers. Each of these types of tracking can be used on its own or as part of more complex processes. The paper develops a modification of the camera motion detection algorithm, which works in the field of Pixel Tracking. The description of the main approaches to motion estimation is given, namely recursive raster algorithms, frequency domain algorithms, optical flow algorithms and block matching methods. The urgency of the work, its purpose and objectives are given. The paper describes a method of arranging blocks in a video sequence frame, which are used to calculate the movement of the camera. Similarity metrics are used to estimate the similarity of the blocks, namely the correlation coefficient. The paper describes the steps of the developed modification of the camera motion detection algorithm. The results of the modification of the camera motion detection algorithm are presented. The result of this work is an indicator of the visual quality of tracking in the form of a 2D image of the camera motion vector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper considers the current state of developments in the field of security assessment. The problem of information technology security is becoming increasingly important in the implementation of computer systems as their role in the informatization of society. Ensuring the security of information technology is a complex problem that is solved in the areas of improving the legal regulation of information technology, improving methods and means of their development, development of certification systems, ensuring appropriate organizational and technical conditions of operation. The paper considers systemic problems of information systems security, lists the threats that can cause one or more harmful effects on systems. The paper provides a list of standards and regulations that can be used to assess the quality of the information system or individual indicators. The urgency of the work, its purpose and objectives are given. A key aspect of solving the problem of information technology security is to develop a system of requirements, criteria and indicators of the level of information technology security. The paper describes in detail the structure of the ISO 15408 standard, which was chosen as the basis of the developed methodology. The ISO 15408 standard consists of three parts. The paper uses the second part of the standard, which contains a universal systematized catalog of functional safety requirements and provides for the possibility of detailing and expanding them according to certain rules. The developed method of assessing the security of information systems is given. The paper describes the main indicators used to assess the security of information systems in the developed methodology. A software product has been developed that implements the described technique and the program interface is presented in the form of the main program windows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The volume of medical data in the world is enormous. Electronic medical records are growing rapidly. Therefore, in order to establish the correct diagnosis, with a large number of different analyzes (CT, cardiograms, etc.), intelligent systems for predicting cardiovascular diseases come to the aid of the doctor. The prediction problem is solved by machine learning methods. The most popular machine learning method for classification and prediction are decision trees. The idea behind decision trees is to split the set of possible values of the feature vector (independent variables) into disjoint sets and fit a simple model for each such set. Decision trees allow you to get high accuracy in solving many problems, while maintaining a high level of interpretation. The decision tree is built automatically depending on the statistical data. This paper examines different types of decision trees: CART, ID3, C4.5, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting. Based on the analysis of these types, the best result for predicting cardiovascular diseases was obtained by the Random Forest and Gradient Boosting methods. The random forest method is based on the construction of an ensemble of decision trees, each of which is constructed from a sample obtained from the original training sample using a bootstrap. Another ensemble is the Gradient Boosting method. Its main difference from Random Forest is that in Random Forest trees are built independently of each other, while Gradient Boosting improves the previous model at every step. Using a decision tree (Random Forest and Gradient Boosting), you can predict the vulnerability to heart disease in patients with reasonable accuracy. The paper proposes improvements to the Gradient Boosting method by modifying boosting. Namely, at each step of the algorithm, a new ensemble item is constructed based not on the entire training sample, but only on a random subsample of a fixed size. This idea is a combination of gradient boosting and bagging techniques. The Heart Disease UCI set is used as initial data. The heart_failure_clinical_records set was used to test the performance of the improved Gradient Boosting algorithm. As a result of the work carried out, an algorithm was obtained that allows increasing the accuracy of predicting cardiovascular diseases from 89% to 94%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a steganographic method of embedding a binary digital watermark into the mid-frequency coefficients of discrete cosine transform of a digital image. One of the mid-frequency coefficients of the two-color components of a color image is used to embed the digital watermark: one color component is used to embed a secret coefficient which reflects changes in the image and helps to improve the quality of the extracted digital watermark after applying noise to the stego. The second color component of the container is used for embedding of the digital watermark. The proposed method involves the automatic selection of color components of the container for embedding the digital watermark and its pre-processing to increase the distance between its elements. The article contains the main steps of embedding and extracting of a digital watermark, as well as the results of computational experiments aimed at evaluating the efficiency of the steganographic method, and comparing the results with modern analogues. The efficiency of the steganographic method is evaluated by the indicator of visual quality PSNR of stego and various indicators of message extraction. Resistance to attacks is evaluated by indicators of extraction of information from the modified stego. The paper analyzes the developed method when embedding some secret coefficient equal to 20 and the digital watermark into the coefficient (5.5) of the discrete cosine transform of each 8»8 block of digital image is carried out. The results of computational experiments showed the high visual quality of the received stegan messages (PSNR is 50-58 dB) and the resistance of this method to noise, namely: multiplicative, Poisson, Gaussian and "salt and pepper". In the case of Poisson noise, the digital watermark is extracted almost without loss, the quality of extraction of the digital watermark was not lower than 0.97. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article considers the option of improving the automatic control systems for natural gas combustion as a fuel for boilers. The aim of the improvement is to optimize the gas-air ratio to maintain the set temperature in the heated rooms, depending on the ambient temperature. In most of the currently used hot water boilers, the gas / air ratio is maintained in accordance with the regime maps without taking into account the economic and environmental combustion of gas, without automatically taking into account the ambient temperature. The desire to reduce excess fuel consumption necessitates the creation of automatic control systems that would maintain the required temperature of the coolant at the boiler outlet at different ambient temperatures. The main principle of increasing efficiency is the maximum possible use of available (lower) heat of combustion QnP. The main components of losses of warmth at the same time are losses with q2 flue gases and losses from so incomplete combustion of q3 fuel. The amount of harmful emissions into the atmosphere depends of both of these indicators that are closely related to the coefficient of excess air α in the burning fuel flare. The paper analyzes several types of fuel-air ratio control systems, notes their advantages and disadvantages. It is con-cluded that the greatest positive effect can be achieved only with the use of systems of continuous automatic control and regulation of the fuel-air ratio. The article proposes the structure of the control system that moni-tors the ambient temperature and changes the temperature at the boiler outlet accordingly. At the same time, in order to be able to operate the system in a significant range of ambient temperatures and maintain economical fuel combustion, the use of adaptive PID controllers is proposed on the basis of tabular changes in their set-tings. To ensure environmentally friendly fuel combustion, a "rebound" mode is used. The simulation of tem-perature change in the control system showed the possibility of its practical for house heating systems with low-power boilers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At a time when the use of digital content in all spheres of life is constantly growing, the ability to verify the authenticity of digital files, in particular digital images, is extremely important in protecting information from integrity violations. In the information war, photo fakes are always used to achieve certain, often criminal, goals. Both society as a whole and individuals must take care of information security and protect their information space from unverified information. Modern methods of detecting violations of the integrity of graphic information to some extent address some issues of information security, however, they are not universal and often require development, improvement, additional research and so on. Thus, existing methods for detecting such a common method of image falsification as scaling are effective only in cases where the falsified part is enlarged, however, when reducing part of the image, they are not effective. Moreover, in open printing the problem of detecting reduced scalable parts of the image is not covered. Therefore, the aim of this work is to increase the efficiency of scaling detection as digital image falsification by developing an algorithm for detecting scaling with a negative coefficient. In this paper, the method of error level analysis is adapted to detect reduced parts of the digital image. The efficiency of the adapted method in terms of errors of the 1st and 2nd kind was: errors of the 1st kind - 2%, 2nd kind - 7%. In addition, it has been found that this method is also effective in detecting simultaneously scalable (reduced) and moved parts of a digital image. This method detects artifacts (errors) in the digital image, which occur when reducing its part - the falsified area has a higher high-frequency component than the rest of the image, which is amplified under the influence of compression after saving the falsification in a lossy format. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, one of the most powerful trends in innovative change in the modern world is the Internet of Things IoT. And although this trend is essentially only at an early stage, it already plays a significant role in the modern world, in modern civilization. It is safe to predict that further expansion of its scope. However, the emergence of this phenomenon is also accompanied by the emergence of related problems. This is especially true of cyber threats, which can cause significant harm to both the Internet of Things itself and the people who use those networks. Accordingly, there is a need for means to combat these threats. This is a rather complex problem, which primarily requires the development of methods and technologies for detecting such threats. At the same time, there are no clear concepts of relevant solutions for cyber security of various IoT applications, especially where financial resources are limited. Therefore, research is currently relevant to find solutions that may be acceptable for relatively low-budget facilities. The aim of the work is to obtain a method for detecting intrusions into the IoT network by detecting anomalies in the network traffic flow of AAA protocols. This problem is complicated by the fact that the solution found must comply with basic security policies. The study conducted in this paper showed that such a solution is possible in principle by using the capabilities of the AAA RADIUS protocol and the use of machine learning. Machine learning methods were tested on the UNSW_NB15 dataset. For machine learning, pre-processing was performed to normalize and standardize the data. Computer experiments have tested the suitability of detecting a set of cyberattacks for different models of machine learning. It was shown that the formulated approach has the potential to be used in practical developments to detect intrusions in the IoT network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fundamental concept of information security is security policy. The importance of this concept is difficult to overestimate - there are situations where a well-formulated policy is almost the only mechanism to protect against unauthorized access. The concept of information security policy means an organized set of documented management decisions aimed at protecting information and associated system resources. The security policy sets out a system of views, basic principles, practical recommendations and requirements that underlie the set of information protection measures implemented in the system. Security policy-making is a very complex analytical process that is difficult to formalize. The paper presents organizational measures to create a security policy of the enterprise. Business process notations are used to describe these activities. Business process modeling is the process of reflecting a subjective vision of the workflow in the form of a formal model consisting of interrelated operations. Currently, the greatest development and application in the description of business processes are graphical approaches and methods. The most widely used business process description methodology is the IDEF0 standard.IDEF0 notation is intended for a high-level description of the business process in functional terms. Decomposition of diagrams A-0 and A0 was developed. IDEF0 is not used to build lower-level processes that detail the detailed work performed by staff. To increase the understanding of the functioning of the developed process, it was decided to show the interaction between the mechanisms used in the IDEF0 notation. To describe the interaction between the mechanisms, the BPMN notation was chosen, which focuses on a detailed description of workflows and is best suited for modeling lower-level processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modern education is aimed at providing an opportunity to acquire quality knowledge and skills. Many studies in recent years demonstrate the significant contribution of information technology to improving the quality of acquired knowledge and skills in all areas of education. To assess the quality of the knowledge gained during the educational process, it is necessary to carry out control in various forms. Significant pedagogical research proves the effectiveness of test control to obtain an assessment of knowledge and skills. Information technology can help increase the independence of testing and assessment from the personality of the teacher, that is, increase objectivity through the use of an automated test form. In accordance with modern realities, the development, implementation and subsequent use of automated software for testing knowledge takes place on the Internet. In this regard, information security is a factor that must be identified as the most important. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to develop and implement an automated web-based knowledge testing system with an increased level of information security. One of the most popular open source web application security research projects, the Open Web Application Security Project, publishes the top ten most common threats annually. The paper presents the development of a software protection mechanism, the level of information security of which ensures the protection of information from the most critical risks established in accordance with the OWASP Top 10 2021. The developed software product can be recommended for use in higher and general educational institutions, to improve the quality of knowledge and objectivity through the use of a test form in an automated format with an increased level of information security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to a September 2021 report by Positive Technologies, 91% of the world's industrial companies have information systems vulnerable to cyberattacks. The industrial sector is the second most attacked sector in the U.S., and the leading one in developed countries. Ukraine ranks sixth and seventh in the top 20 for the largest industrial attacks. Many scientific publications are devoted to industrial cybersecurity in the world, but, unfortunately, in Ukraine this area of cybersecurity is poorly studied. To develop the topic of increasing the level of cybersecurity of industrial control systems, we focused on the problems of cybersecurity of the lower level of control - the operator control station of the technological plant. Previously, we investigated the problem of cybersecurity of the industrial computer network of the lower level Modbus RTU. Continuing the topic, in this paper we investigate the cybersecurity of important software - the OPC server. This study proposes to pay attention to a vulnerability that has not yet been investigated. This vulnerability is related to the fact that having an extensive network of workstations in the enterprise, an attacker can substitute OPC server on any workstation (usually the most important one in production) with his own OPC server and do it in such a way that on the one hand to bring the technological unit of the selected site to stop or crash, but on the other hand to prevent the operator of technological unit, watching the SCADA-system on the computer screen, from noticing anything. A special diagnostic system has been developed to detect a cyber attack. Appropriate software has been developed and, with its help, all solutions have been simulated in real time using components of real industrial software and Modbus network model. The developed solutions and software can be used in industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital forensics is a field of knowledge that is currently actively developing. The challenges facing digital forensics often intersect with mathematical methods for finding traces of violations of the integrity of digital images. Photomontage, application of filters and other violations of the integrity of digital images are possible thanks to graphic editors with a large number of tools, in particular - filters for artificial sharpening. Graphic editors such as Gimp or Adobe Photohsop will allow users to perform various image manipulations and other digital media files, even without special training. Little attention has been paid in open printing to the problem of detecting violations of the integrity of digital images in the form of filter processing, in particular, sharpening filters. The aim of this work is to improve the detection efficiency of digital image processing by modifying the method of detecting sharpening. It has been observed that a large number of pixels with a value of 0 appear in the digital image matrices under the influence of the artificial sharpening filter. This effect is called the "black effect". The paper analyzes the parameters of the digital image and the black effect, which allowed to modify the method of detecting artificial sharpening of digital images. As a result of the work, the method of detecting artificial sharpening of digital images was modified. The original method was tested for digital images in a lossless format. The performed modification was checked both for the images saved after processing by the filter in a lossless format, and with losses. When testing the method, the number of errors of the first kind was 8%, the second kind - 10% for digital images saved after falsification with loss, and 4% and 7% respectively for digital images saved after falsification in lossless format. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, the world is undergoing a digital transformation of society. Most of human activities are gradually being transferred to the digital dimension. In this regard, the digitalization of the peer review process is a very urgent task. The description of the implementation of automated peer review systems is not publicly available, because such systems are the intellectual property of the respective journals. The aim of the work is to develop an automated system for double-blind reviewing of articles for the professional Informatics and Mathematical Methods in Simulation journal. The paper discusses the process of reviewing in an automated system for reviewing articles. Described actions of reviewer, editor and authors. The sequence of these actions is considered. Designed the database that ensures the functioning of the developed system. An algorithm has been developed that removes the personal information of authors from the file. The algorithm allows you to delete: personal information of the author from the first page, headers of even pages, annotations in Russian and English at the end of the file. The article has developed an automated system for double-blind reviewing of articles, which provides double-blind reviewing, automates the workflow of the journal editor and reviewer, and minimizes the possibility of a third-party reviewing. Due to the introduction of an automated system for reviewing articles, the speed of reviewing will significantly increase and a single database of reviews will appear. The developed automated review system is used by the editors of the Informatics and Mathematical Methods in Simulation journal to improve the efficiency of the review process. The results of this work can be used to build a similar system for reviewing articles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Management and differentiation of access to computer systems and their resources is one of the important aspects of information security, which can be implemented by identifying users. Recently, identification systems that use biometric characteristics of a person to solve the problem of access to information systems are becoming more and more widespread. The paper proposes a new method for biometric identification of users of computer systems based on the definition of the Volterra integral model of the human oculo-motor system (OMS) based on the data of experimental "input-output" studies using innovative eye tracking technology. The aim of the work is to increase the efficiency (reliability) of information protection in computer systems through the development of hardware and software tools for identifying human OMS based on a nonlinear dynamic model and experimental eye tracking data using test visual stimuli. The object of the research is the process of biometric identification of a computer system user based on eye tracking data in dynamics - responses to given test visual stimuli. The subject of the research is instrumental algorithmic and software tools for constructing the Volterra model - assessing the multidimensional transition functions of the OMS based on eye tracking data. OMS identification software was developed in the Python IDLE programming environment. Test visual stimuli are used in the form of bright dots, which are sequentially displayed on the display screen at different distances from the starting position, which formally corresponds to different amplitudes of test step signals. Experimental studies of OMS were carried out in two individuals. Based on the data obtained using the TOBII PRO TX300 eye tracker, the transition functions of the first, second and third orders of the OMS are determined. A significant difference in the diagonal sections of the transition functions of the second and third orders was revealed in two individuals. Consequently, they can be used to form a space of informative features and build statistical classifiers of individuals using machine learning tools that implement the proposed method for protecting information in computer systems based on biometric identification of users based on eye tracking data. The proposed method of biometric identification and the developed means of introducing information protection mechanisms in computer information systems have the ability to flexibly control security, depending on the requirements put forward, the permissible risks and optimal resource costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crowd forecasting is a relatively new task in predicting the future. Today, the crowd studied by classical social psychology has undergone significant changes, which has led to the emergence of such a concept as "Internet crowd". Internet crowd technology is now used to create "dead souls", i.e. fake accounts, using fake names and addresses to form, disseminate opinions and/or impose opinions on real users. The aim of the work is to develop a mathematical model of a virtual crowd to predict its behavior and calculate the probability of transition of a virtual crowd to a real one. The paper highlights the most important factors influencing the emergence of protest movements through the formation of a virtual crowd. It is shown that a person living in a country with a high level of economic development, it is easier to decide to participate in the protest because of confidence in the further stable development of the state. The importance of Internet censorship in the modern world and the possibility of the influence of this factor on the formation of primary groups of protesters in a virtual environment are demonstrated. The methods of mathematical modeling used in the work make it possible to obtain scientifically substantiated variants of development and the probability of changes that the virtual crowd undergoes in time, until its rebirth into real motion. Thus, the assessment of the probability of the transition of the crowd from the virtual to the real state, is important and relevant both in terms of security of the individual citizen and society, and in terms of security of the state as a whole. The proposed model will allow to develop recommendations for specialists who help to ensure a high level of safety in ordinary and extreme situations, to optimize urban development in terms of efficiency of human traffic flow, as well as to effectively manage traffic flow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the present stage of providing information security of the state, it is important to make secret military communication networks. One of the key areas to secret a network is the use of cryptographic methods for information protection, in particular, asymmetric cryptography. To improve asymmetric cryptography algorithms we can find the remains of long numbers. The implementation of known algorithms for finding the remains of long numbers has a number of significant drawbacks. The paper analyzes two new methods of finding long-numbered residues, their drawbacks, and computational complexities. The method proposed by the authors is described, its algorithm and block diagram are presented. The computational complexities of the three researched methods are studied. The numerical complexity evaluation experiment shows that when performing modular operations used in asymmetric cryptographic algorithms, when transferring numbers from the decimal system to the system of the numbers of residual classes, the proposed method should be used. The method has less complexity. There are two ways of further consideration. It is well-known that the algorithm effectiveness gain is equal to the ratio of computational complexity and equal 2. The application developed in the high-level programming language C ++ allows us to investigate the time characteristics of the two methods. In this paper, we give a fragment of the testing of the application for double Mersenne numbers and a graphic representation of the dependence of the time of finding the remnants of large numbers from the prime number for which the remainder is. The developed algorithm for finding the remnants of large numbers allowed to increase the speed compared to the known due to the use of the properties of residues and the numerical basis of Rademacher. This reduced the computational complexity and increased the efficiency of the algorithm compared with the known twice, which proves the expediency of its use in processing long numbers in asymmetric cryptographic information security systems to increase the speed of encryption and cryptanalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Block symmetric ciphers are an integral part of modern complex information security systems. Today, the attention of researchers is focused on increasing the efficiency and performance of block symmetric ciphers. However, it is shown by the practical experience of implementation of data encryption systems, that block cipher modes of operation are also of great importance for the efficiency and performance of encryption systems. In this paper we propose new block cipher modes of operation: with block skipping, as well as with block skipping and the use of pseudo-random key sequence generator. The proposed block cipher modes of operation make it possible to reduce the amount of used in the program data encryption operations (i.e. the amount of the block symmetric cipher runs). For the developed block cipher modes of operation, the parameters are calculated to ensure a high level of stochastic quality of the obtained ciphertext, which is confirmed by the tests carried out in accordance with the NIST stochastic test suite. At the same time, it was found that the block cipher mode of operation with skipping of blocks and the use of a pseudo-random key sequence generator, provides a significant increase in the number of information protection levels of the applied cryptographic transformation, and also shows the best results when passing the NIST stochastic tests suite. The developed block cipher modes of operation are a reasonable solution for use in applications running on platforms with limited computing and power resources, primarily on mobile platforms. In this case, it is preferable to select a block cipher mode of operation with skipping of blocks and use of pseudo-random key sequence generator. Note also that the presented block cipher modes of operation allow to combine the advantages of block ciphers and generators of pseudorandom key sequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The protection of electronic information by cryptographic and steganographic methods, as well as their combination, is in great demand today. However, the new type of steganography - hash-steganography, fundamentally differs from classical steganography in that there is no need to embed messages in a container, no need to worry about the amount of information that can be transmitted in one container without compromising the visual stability of the image. A certain sequence of ordinary digital images is a message. The purpose of this work is to increase the efficiency of transmitting a secret message by modifying the hash-method of steganography. Previously, algorithms for obtaining hash functions of digital images have not been used to transmit messages, but they have found their application in hash-steganography. This paper compares two algorithms for obtaining hash codes and suggests a method of their application for transforming a text message into a sequence of digital images. It is a certain order of files transferred that is decisive in the decryption of a message. The symbols of the message are put in correspondence with the part of the hash code of the digital image. Thus, the necessary combination of files is formed, the number of which is equal to the number of symbols in the message. A comparative analysis of the two algorithms of the method has been performed. The results obtained have confirmed the effectiveness of the hash code algorithm based on the analysis of digital image DCT coefficients. This algorithm makes the method resistant to attack by compression, changing brightness and contrast, magnification and rotation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents a short review of combinatorial methods presented in the primary publications. Preconditions are listed for the need to improve conditions of the mathematical tool of solving problems of integer linear programming. A one-way branching algorithm is the main development is for solving problems of linear programming with Boolean variables. The paper presents turn-based structure of the algorithm, was solved a numerical example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the expansion of Internet capabilities, distance learning is actively developing in the world, as well as in Ukraine. Distance learning is gradually becoming the standard throughout the world. The term "online school" is becoming popular and it consists of distance learning through various communication platforms and videoconferences with the teacher. There are various training systems. This approach will allow students to go deeper into the material studied by not only visualizing the studied object, but also ability to rotate 3D objects, and go around using VR content. This approach is based on a person's visual perception, when the text is reinforced not by figurative thinking, but by a parallel representation of the image on the screen in order to avoid mistakes of perception and misunderstanding. The paper describes the basic principles of creating a learning system for distance learning based on the game platform Unreal Platform 4. Game platform allows you to create from scratch a product that will include the management of the objects' actions and the creation of various simulations that may not necessarily be physically correct or real. The proposed learning system is a new generation of distance learning system. The constituent elements of the work with the teaching material are sequentially described. A block diagram of creating a test lesson on the discipline "Design systems" is presented. The block diagram shows in detail the computer programs in which the work was carried out and the processes that were performed. Features of work with the learning system are considered in detail. It's been created the animation assistant, which makes the learning process easier. Test training courses were created in ONPU about 3D modeling in CAD. The advantages of using the game platform for creating a learning system are shown. The training system was approved at the regional competition of startups SpringUp in Odessa. New training courses for students of specialty 122 "Computer Science", specialization - "Computer Design" are being developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a solution to the problem of optimizing the processing of incoming information from a UAV for object recognition in the absence of the necessary amount of initial information. The proposed private methods of object recognition can be easily implemented on computer equipment, which are located both on board the UAV and at a ground station. These methods make it possible to promptly receive an answer to the correctness of the decisions made regarding the object being explored. In the practical construction of recognition systems that are used in UAVs, it is necessary to use large amounts of data on the signs of objects. The construction of logical systems of recognition of objects containing a large number of classes and features, and the evaluation of their effectiveness is associated with considerable difficulties. The most significant indicator of the effectiveness of the recognition system is the probability of the correct solution of problems of recognition of unknown objects. With other things being equal, in particular, under conditions of optimal processing of a posteriori information, the value of this indicator is the higher, the greater the amount of incoming information is used in the recognition of this object. Moreover, under certain restrictions imposed by the signs used in recognition, the probability of a unique solution to the recognition problem increases and increases. The implementation of priorities in the field of creation and use of UAVs should be based on the use of high-tech achievements and world experience in the use of UAVs, taking into account the state of development of the national research and production base and the realization of the accumulated scientific, technical and technological potential of Ukraine in the information, aviation, space, telecommunications and related areas, the availability of appropriate infrastructure in Ukraine, and also taking into account the real economic, geopolitical and military requirements and capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the principles of creating a framework design framework in CAD Autodesk Inventor are discussed. The information model of the electric scooter frame is proposed, which consists of five levels. Based on the created information model, the technique and technology of building an electric scooter frame were developed. After comparing the steps of creating a computer parametric frame model. First, we create a skeleton-vectorparametric sketch of a spatial frame. Based on the sketch frame sketch created in the "Frame Design" environment, we model the main file of the three-dimensional parametric assembly. In this file, the framework of the frame and connection of components is profiled. An application for designing automation in the iLogic environment of Autodesk Inventor CAD is created, which uses the received parametric model of an electric scooter frame for three configurations. The developer is a user-friendly interface for managing the design of the frame. The analysis of the distributed load on the luggage part of the frame, the lateral load on the frame base and the load on the front part of the structure are carried out. Mechanical loads on the frame elements were carried out for three designs: passenger, cargo, and freight. Optimization of three variants of designs on elements and materials is carried out. The passenger version of the frame can be made of aluminum. The cargo and passenger variant of the frame must be made of steel structures with elements of retaining loads in the form of ribs of rigidity. The proposed subsystem, allowing you to control the time when security is required, the passenger and reliability for power loads. For the first time, an information model for the creation of the supporting structure of an electric catcher has been proposed. A further continuation is the automation of the creation of a complete design of an electric scooter and an analysis of its static and dynamic characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper a technique for minimizing the number of regimes and optimizing the parameters of a discrete-adaptive signal processing system (DAS) in conditions of gaussian noises is proposed, with an additional restriction on the magnitude of efficiency losses compared to systems with continuous parameters variation. A procedure for parametric DAS synthesis was developed using the graph-theoretic model. Results of the mathematical modeling of a single-channel on doppler frequency DAS in the conditions of an additive mixture of correlated and uncorrelated gaussian noises are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper the new method for digital image processing is proposed. Application of this method leads to decrease the conditioning number of the majority of matrix blocks obtained by standard partitioning as a result of preconditioning of the corresponding matrices. The proposed method preserves the reliability of the perception of the distorted image, which in the work is quantitatively estimated using the peak signal-to-noise ratio. The application of the proposed method as pre-processing of the cover image before steganography transformation makes it possible to extend the application domain of the steganography algorithm based on the sign-insensitivity of the singular vectors of blocks of the digital image matrix developed by one of the authors earlier. The preconditioning of the block matrix occurred after its precoding. The result of precoding is a symmetric positive-definite sparse matrix, which is mapped to the image block. The positive definiteness and sparsification of obtained matrix make it possible to use as its preconditioner the incomplete Cholesky factorization. The results of the computational experiment are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is mathematically valid and withdrawn expression that describes sequential rule Wald. As part of the assumptions and research derived the optimal expression of testing two simple prediction, which in turn allows you to further development addressing unauthorized access prediction. Based on a study of optimality is not truncated serial entitled to receive equity Wald linking the probability of errors with the set thresholds and thresholds with given probabilities of error which are valid for the general case of dependent observations of inhomogeneous and homogeneous for independent observations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of research, formalization and mathematical justification of the Fibonacci Q-matrix coding method. This method allows finding errors in the encoded message with high probability and correcting them in certain cases. The notes on algorithm implementation are given. The developed "block Q-matrix" method based on the standard method is described. The comparative analysis of the algorithms is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides an analysis of one of the algorithms for constructing Bayesian network structure (heuristic method based on the data) in terms of program implementation within the framework of the personal mobile expert system. The algorithm has been implemented on the Android SDK platform. The paper proposes an approach to improve the results of the algorithm due to the interaction with the user-expert. The usage of this approach in a number of cases led to improvement of the network structure. The study developed a software architecture that implements algorithms and having considered the possibility of extension for the implementation of the other algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, issues related to the operation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the conditions of active electronic countermeasures are discussed. An important factor in UAV's work is to restore the image which it gives on the ground. In consequence of processing the receptor field of this image using proposed algorithm allows for each of the figures to extend its generic feature, and it is distributed its generic feature and it is distributed simultaneously to all the pieces of a video image. Thus, it is possible to easily recover and isolate separately from any image presented on the receptor field, which allows to recognize and classify the image in real time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the adaptation of steganalytic method developed earlier by the author, based on the accounting of differences in the change of the number of blocks with the equal color brightness values of color matrices of sequence of images / frames of a video sequence as a result of primary and repeated insertion of additional information for containers in losses formats. The proposed steganalytic method analyzes digital content in the spatial domain and is aimed to detect the presence of the embedding of additional information by modification of the least significant bits with a small hidden capacity (not more than 0.5 bit / pixel). Results of computational experiment are shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper it is proposed basics of a new approach to identify cloning results, conducted in digital images, in additional disturbing influences conditions in a digital image after cloning, that may be considered as lossy compression, add noise, blur, etc. The approach is based on identifying the comparability of the surface parts, which is put into correspondence the analyzed image appropriate clones and its preimage. The surface is determined by the graph of the interpolation spline, approaching the function of the image, and the elements of the image are regarded as the interpolation nodes. It is proved that as the main quantitative characteristics of such comparability is advisable to use the volume of a cylindrical body with generator parallel to the axis OZ, bounded from above corresponding part of the interpolation function graph, bounded below - plane XOY. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the classification system model information space systems, air traffic control for a set of three criteria that allow the simulation of its operation, but the choice of modeling methods necessary to assess the level of possible relationships between the elements of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper three methods of synthesis of binary sequences with optimal value of the peak-to-average power ratio of Walsh-Hadamard spectrum which may be used to construct C-codes used in the CDMA technology are proposed. On the basis of these structures an synthesis algorithm of infinite families of sequences having optimal value of peak-toaverage power ratio of Walsh-Hadamard spectrum is developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we propose a method for identifying the changes of image completion based on stegano transformation of original image. In the case of using the steganography algorithm that resistant for disturbing influences proposed method provides the possibility of identifying nonoriginal areas of the image, even when image was saved in lossy formats. The developed method allows to allocate a specific method of image completion violations - cloning; identify the cloned area and its prototype; separate clone in the case of absence of post-processing from the original image that has not been done before. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses the results of experimental detection of editing traces in digital audio records. It was proved experimentally that both cutting of the pause fragments from voice records and adding the pre-cut fragments into pauses results in the changes in signal spectrum at editing locations. It was proposed to develop a methodology for the expertise of digital audio records. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the optimization of structures and software modeling complex systems and information transfer with the analysis of the stability of the topology information transmission systems based on the concept of duality, as well as the efficiency of transmission of confidential information processing steps and recommendations on the capacity of these steps and systems in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is devoted to research of the impact of the type of orthogonal transform on the PAPR of signals in systems with CDMA technology. We consider all five classes of orthogonal transforms of order N=16 that are based on Walsh functions, as well as discreet Fourier transform and transform based on orthogonal Vilenkin-Christenson functions. A set of ternary sequences having uniform Vilenkin-Christenson spectrum is discovered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses the issues related to opportunities for student self-expression when studying Web Application programming and Support to improve the study efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the authors present a modification of a branch and bound method for solving the problem of placement of productive resources for the case of selecting an economic production output from specified possible outputs. Worthy of notice are the method to obtain an initial solution as well as the method to assess the subsets of solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the authors present the results of their research of a fuzzy-probability model developed for assessing the risks in complex technical systems. A fuzzy inference algorithm and a schematic structure for the fuzzy-probability model assessing the risks in complex technical systems were developed. A fuzzy production rulebase was formed for the linguistic variables proposed for the fuzzy-probability model developed for assessing the risks. Based on the research results, the authors developed a 3-D visualization for the surface of fuzzy-probability model for assessing the structural and functional risks of the elements and element-to-element links in a complex technical system. The results of research of the fuzzy-probability model developed for assessing the risks in complex technical systems made it possible to assess the effect of damage and failure probability of the elements and element-to-element links on a total risk level of a complex technical system. The research and development results obtained make it possible to improve the efficiency of operation of complex technical systems and to give a high-quality forecast of their operational reliability under various emergency scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is devoted to the problem of computer-aided forming of scenarios, with the latter describing the behavior of malicious software. The means of step by step problem solution using machine learning methods were discussed, and the choice of specific methods was substantiated. Presenting the possible scenarios in the form of Bayesian networks was proposed. Applicability of this approach was exemplified. Moreover, there were described the requirements to learning sample, which, if met at the data acquisition stage, would increase the accuracy of operation of machine learning methods. The experiments were conducted to demonstrate the improvement of the result quality with improvement of sample quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is related to the development of the methodology for quality control of printed circuit cards based on automatic script. The development of both quality control systems appropriate for small-batch production and automatic scripts providing for reduction of time required for quality control is a burning issue. The quality control system and methodology proposed offer robust and less time-consuming quality control process, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper contains the results of studies of the cognitive model developed information technology interdependence and interrelation of complex technical systems to assess their vulnerability. A general block diagram of a ship interconnectedness of complex technical systems. The interaction of ship power plant units, the power supply system of the ship and ship's auxiliary systems in extreme emergency situations. Based on the results of research developed an information processing model of cognitive functioning marine interdependence of complex technical systems. In accordance with the established algorithm vulnerability assessment information elements of the cognitive model calculated the coefficients of the structural vulnerability of its elements. The calculation results have allowed to identify the most critical elements of the model in terms of reliability. The results of research and development will improve the efficiency of operation of complex technical systems that provide high-quality prediction of the reliability of their operation in extreme emergency situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on new steganographic algorithm development. Proposed algorithm is stable to compression, including high rate compression, and based on singular vectors insensitive of image matrix blocks which corresponding to maximal singular values. Algorithm is polynomial of degree 2. The results of numerical experiments confirm the efficiency of the proposed algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]