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Paper is a basic material derived from organic carbon used for writing and storing information. Books, letters, maps, and official documents are written on paper and enable the transfer of information from generation to generation. Archives and libraries provide an excellent food source for many microorganisms with their organic carbon sources and as a result, they cause biodeterioration. The rate of biodeterioration, on the other hand, depends not only on the composite properties of archival materials, but also on the environment in which they are foun In this study, which was carried out to contribute to active conservation practices, microbial samples were taken from the Department of Culture and Registration. These microbial samples belong to two works with archive numbers 756 and 759, located in the archive room of the Safranbolu collection in the central library within the Foundation Records Directorate. As a biocidal product, the active ingredients were 20% chlorhexidine digluconate, 15% polyhexanide, 3.9% lactic acid, 4.5% acetic acid and 70% ethyl alcohol, respectively. The effects of biocidal products on microorganisms were investigated by the disc diffusion method. Evaluation of the effectiveness on paper, which is important for conservation, was carried out with short and long-term aging tests, colour spectroscopy and SEM fibre degradation analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transfer of the designs to the surface of ceramic wall tiles is performed by ink-jet digital printing technology. CMYK ink colors are used in ink-jet printing technology. The similarities between hues for various color types make it difficult to come up with different designs. In this study, the development of a wall tile matte glaze recipe with high color activity, which can be worked with CMYK+Pink ink colors. Different recipes were developed by increasing the amount of calcite, dolomite, zinc oxide and magnesite ratios, respectively. Firstly, matt glaze recipes are prepared and employed on wall tile with engobe, followed by CMYK+Pink ink digital decor application. Succeeding the sintering of tiles, L,a,b color measurements of ink decorated glaze recipes were made, and it was determined that the value of 'a' increased from 15.35 to 22.18. The hue angle and chroma values of the recipies were calculated. No significant differences were observed in the color activities of the colors other than pink, and the desired pink color intensity was achieved with one of the new wall tile matte glaze recipes. It was observed that the pink color intensity increased with the increase in the amount of CaO in the content of the matte glaze recipe. The color activity of the pink color could is not obtained in the glaze recipe where the amount of ZnO increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Capacitated lot sizing is a frequently encountered production-planning problem in manufacturing companies. However, many real life factors are usually not taken into account during the model development phase for these problems. In this study, an integrated lot-sizing and scheduling problem of a paper bag production firm is considered. A mixed integer mathematical programming model is proposed for modeling and solving the problem. Setup cost/time between product and period changes are considered in the proposed model. It is aimed to minimize the total cost of production, holding inventory, backorder, procurement and setup for product type change and product period change. It is observed that productive utilization of manufacturing resources and the generation of more effective production plans are possible by the application of the proposed model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Financial stress, defined as a situation where the financial system is under pressure and disruptions occur in the normal functioning of financial markets, adversely affects markets through various channels, leading to the emergence of uncertainty and a slowdown in economic activity. This study investigates the impact of financial stress on the Istanbul Stock Exchange sector stock market. As part of the research, the Financial Stress Index has been considered as the indicator of financial stress, while the Istanbul Stock Exchange sector stock market includes the Istanbul Stock Exchange Banks, Electricity, Financials, Service, Holdings & Investments, Chemical, Petroleum & Plastic, Leasing and Factoring, Securities Investment Trusts, Primary Metal, Non-Metallic Minerals, Metal Products & Machinery, Wood, Paper & Printing, Industrial, Insurance, Textile & Leather, Wholesale & Retail Trade, Tourism, Transportation, Food & Beverage indices, in addition to the Istanbul Stock Exchange 100 Index. The dataset consists of monthly/closing data for the period March 1997-September 2022. According to the causality test results of Fourier Toda-Yamamoto (2016), a causality relationship has been found from financial stress towards the Istanbul Stock Exchange 100, Banks, Financials, Holdings & Investments, Chemical, Petroleum & Plastic, Securities Investment Trusts, Primary Metals, Non-Metallic Minerals, Metal Products & Machinery, Wood, Paper & Printing, Insurance, Textile & Leather, Wholesale & Retail Trade, and Tourism indices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ductility and energy absorption characteristics of concrete-filled steel tube columns (CFSTCCs) make these columns a good choice. In this paper, the three-dimensional (3D) nonlinear finite element method (FEM) (3DFEM) modeling, and simplified numerical modeling results, are compared to those of the computation methods presented in previous studies on estimating the ultimate load capacity of circular stub concrete-filled steel tube composite columns (CFSTCCs). Another comparison between practical design methodology approaches based on advanced analyses, namely, multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS), relevance vector machine (RVM), and artificial neural network (ANN)-based models were also presented by Avci-Karatas. In order to improve the accuracy of the modeling process and achieve more precise predictions, a thorough set of experimental data was collected. This data encompassed the geometrical and mechanical properties of circular CFSTCC, including parameters such as height, diameter, thickness, steel yield stress, unconfined concrete strength, and Young's modulus for steel. In the present study, it is found that the predicted ultimate axial compression load capacity of circular stub CFSTCCs based on 3D-FEM, numerical modeling, and MARS, RVM, and ANN-based modeling is comparable with the experimentally measured values. In the MARS-based model, the minimum and maximum values of the predicted-to-experimental ultimate axial load ratios (PuMARS / PuE) were found to range from 0.87 to 1.10. For the RVM-based model, the ratios (PuRVM/PuE) varied between 0.90 and 1.06. Similarly, in the ANN-based model, the ratios (PuANN / PuE) ranged from 0.92 to 1.04. As powerful statistical modeling tools as MARS- and RVM-based models are, ANN-based models, achieve high computational efficiency in terms of accuracy in the context of this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Authenticity is an important concept that is directly related to psychological well-being and is mentioned in many theories of clinical psychology. Different psychological theories have various views on the definition of authenticity. While varying definitions according to the theory enrich the view of authenticity, they can also make it difficult to work within a common conceptualization of the concept. This paper reviewed the literature to summarize the different definitions of authenticity and unite them in a common ground. Discussing why authenticity would be important for clinical psychology practice and research and framing the role of psychotherapy in ensuring authenticity were also included in the scope of the study. Considering the commonalities among the theories examined in the study, it can be said that authenticity is shaped by many factors, such as temperament, life experiences, interaction with caregivers, and environment, and can develop throughout life. In addition, it was also inferred that authenticity, which is closely related to psychological health, should be addressed and included in interventions by mental health professionals and researchers working in the field. In this context, it was deduced that it would be important for psychotherapists to discuss and work on authenticity in sessions, regardless of the approach they work with. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autonomous weapon systems, as new generation military technologies, are the subject of discussions in many areas such as security, law and ethics. The study aims to test whether non-governmental organizations are successful in mobilizing states to legally regulate autonomous weapon systems. In this context, the working papers of the Government Experts Group meetings and the reports and studies (research, surveys, etc.) of international non-governmental organizations were examined, and the decisions taken at the meetings were compared with the reports. Qualitative research method was used in the study. In the study, the studies carried out to establish legal regulations fell behind the pace of technological development. In this regard, it has been concluded that non-governmental organizations are effective but insufficient in mobilizing states regarding autonomous weapon systems. The study is the first to examine the contributions of non-governmental organizations to the global debate on autonomous weapon systems and claims to fill the gap in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a novel operational amplifier (op-amp) model was created by redesigning the internal structure of conventional op-amp (ua741 family) circuit element with the linear dopant drift TiO2 memristor (LDDTM) emulator model. The optimized operating conditions and states of this novel op-amp model were determined. The memristor based op-amp model was used as an amplifier element in the phase shift oscillator (PSO) circuit which is one of the RC oscillators. With the novel new phase shift oscillator, the oscillation settling time, start time, fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis and their effects on the output parameters are investigated both experimentally and simulated. The new oscillator model novel in this study is evaluated in detail not only in the middle frequency region, but also in the high and low frequency regions. In addition, the efficiency of these circuits has been merged with the experimental circuits, and the accuracy and practicality of the novel op-amp model has been comprehensively studied theoretically and supported by simulation and experimental results. Finally, both experimental and simulation results of the oscillator circuits realized with the novel op-amp model are shown in detail in tables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Qatar is experiencing significant development as a result of its abundant natural resources. Qatar is taking crucial initiatives to ensure the sustainability of this position, such as the Qatar National Development Strategy 2030. This strategy paper focuses a variety of development issues, including economic diversification, education reform, sustainable urbanisation, transportation infrastructure strengthening, and environmental sustainability. It also seeks to safeguard liberties, promote moral and religious values, and provide security, stability, and equality of opportunity. The goal of this research is to thoroughly investigate the content of the Qatar National Development Strategy 2030, assess its development, and analyse the country's success in reaching the targets outlined in the existing plan. The analysis covers the period from the plan's implementation in 2008 to the present. The study's drawback is the lack of a complete data set to measure all of the pillars of the strategy document simultaneously. In this context, data sets that are commonly used in the literature to measure the dimensions of 'human development," "social development," "economic development," and "environmental development" were used The analysis revealed that, while Qatar has made progress towards the QNV 2030 goals, there are still problems and areas that require improvement [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to evaluate the impact of the pandemic on accounting research by examining the Covid-19 themed accounting articles indexed by Web of Science with the bibliometric analysis method. 761 articles within the scope of the research are analyzed with Vosviewer software. With the global spread of the virus causing Covid-19 disease in 2019, it is observed that the number of publications by accounting researchers increased rapidly since 2020. The number of publications, which is 126 in 2020, increases to 325 in 2021 and 310 in 2022. It seems that investigating the effects of the pandemic is an important subject of study in accounting research. The results show that the Covid-19 themed accounting articles covered financial markets, public finance, business performance measurement, accounting education, corporate governance and sustainability. The journal that publishes the most articles on accounting and Covid-19 is the "Journal of Public Budgeting Accounting Financial According to the co-occurrence analysis of the keywords, the most frequently used keyword is 'Covıd-19'. The country with the most publications is the USA, the countries with the strongest co-authorship connections is England. Turkey ranks 22nd among the countries with co-authorship link with 12 papers, 92 citations and 23 total link strength. Among the researchers' affiliations, the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology is the most productive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed to reveal the suitability of the Turkish Dictionary for Schools prepared by the TDK for the target audience in terms of form and content features. Findings were collected through document review, one of the qualitative research data collection techniques. Form and content characteristics were determined by scanning the literature, and the findings were subjected to descriptive analysis. The aspects that should be examined in terms of the format features of the dictionary were determined as weight, size, spine, cover, combination method, paper, font type and size, based on the criteria in the literature review. The content features of the dictionary were determined from the words in the vocabulary activities of the Turkish textbooks in use and the words in the target word lists of the 5th-8th grade levels, based on whether the object of study corresponds to these words. As a result of the research, it was determined that the formal standards of the dictionary were not only suitable in terms of font size, but also other criteria. In terms of content features, the dictionary was able to cover the words in the target word lists at a rate of 87%-96% according to grade levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, the Turkish translations of the Qur'ān had reached a great accumulation. The international symposium titled "Translations of Qur'an: Problems and Solution Suggestions" hosted by Muş Alparslan University (October 13-15, 2023) revealed this once again. During the sessions of the threeday symposium, method, content, goals and problems of the Translations of the Qur'ān / maāls were brought to the agenda. In addition to many criticisms, there were also academician who made offers on what needs to be done for a correct translation. In this review, the scientific meeting in question has been widely introduced and the contents of the papers in briefly reflected, the discussions have been mentioned upon and some evaluations have been made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Uzbekistan seems to be mentioned more often among other Central Asian republics due to significant modification observed in its both domestic and foreign policies. It would be prudent to review Uzbekistan's position within several international organizations operating at regional scale as its geopolitical and geostrategical importance are ascending. The discussion on the possible contributions of both Organization of Turkic States (OTS) and Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) on the resolution efforts of country's water based issues and also Uzbekistan's real strategic importance for the two regional organizations at near future constitutes main objective of this paper. We aim to observe and evaluate the functionalist and liberal institutional perspectives in constructing the theoretical framework of the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies a two-dimensional two-stage guillotine cutting stock problem which includes determination of how the items should be cut from stock panels in an optimal way, by developing and applying different solution approaches. An integer programming model with new features is proposed. A random key based genetic algorithm is utilized to obtain feasible solutions, and by applying a local search within the algorithm, a hybrid structure is acquired. Besides, a novel two-stage math-heuristic solution method is proposed. In the first stage of this method, a relaxation of the problem is solved; in the second, this solution is improved. The time to obtain the results of the developed two-stage math-heuristic solution approach is significantly lower than the other methods given in the article. Optimal solution values were obtained in 26 of 30 test problems taken from the literature with the proposed mathematical model, in 14 with mathematical programming based heuristic method, and in 16 with a random key based genetic algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unemployment and environmental pollution are two significant obstacles to achieving long-term development goals in most countries. The literature generally agrees that shifting the basic dynamic of economic activity from fossil energy to renewable energy sources is necessary to solve these two problems simultaneously. This paper examines the dynamic influences of renewable energy (REN) consumption on unemployment in BRICST (Brazil, Russia, India, South Africa, and Türkiye) countries using annual data spanning from 1991 to 2021. To this end, the bootstrap LM test is first used to evaluate the cointegration relationship between REN consumption, fossil fuel utilization, economic growth, and unemployment variables included in the econometric model to be estimated in the study. Then, the short and long-term connections between the analyzed variables are explored using the cross-sectionally augmented ARDL (CS-ARDL) model, which can produce consistent results when there is cross-sectional dependence and slope heterogeneity and when the variables exhibit different stationarity properties. Findings from the bootstrap LM test provide evidence of a long run cointegration association between the variables. Moreover, the CS-ARDL model estimation results demonstrate a negative but statistically insignificant connection between REN consumption and unemployment and that economic growth and fossil fuel usage significantly reduce unemployment in the short and long run. These outcomes suggest that the proportion of REN in total energy consumption in BRICS-T nations has yet to reach a sufficient level to realize its potential to reduce unemployment and/or that the economies of these countries depend on traditional energy. The findings also confirm the validity of Okun's Law in the sample nations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Proverbs and idioms are among the most important language and cultural treasures of a nation. Proverbs are concise and set phrases based on past and life experiences. Idioms are short-set phrases that contain figurative meanings. Proverbs and idioms, which are widely used in daily language, are also used in literary works. The use of proverbs and idioms in poetry enriches the meaning world of poetry. Many studies, especially dictionary studies, have been carried out to reveal the richness of Turkish at this point. Studies have been done on the identification and evaluation of proverbs and idioms in classical Turkish poetry texts based on a rich poetry tradition. In these studies, proverbs and idioms that can be identified from other poetry sources especially divans are generally discussed in terms of subject, content, style and linguistic aspects, taking into account the alphabetical order. In this study, a bibliography of studies such as papers, articles, dissertations, books and book chapters on proverbs and idioms in the field of classical Turkish poetry is presented. The general characteristics of the studies on proverbs and idioms, their statistical meanings, etc. are aimed to shed light on the following studies by making some evaluations on the points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are many studies written on tombs, tomb structures and tombstones in scientific fields such as Art History, Archaeology, History and Architecture. Today, studies conducted in this field can be categorized with various data using some software programs. This makes it easier for scientists conducting academic studies to access contemporary sources and provides the convenience of analyzing studies collectively. This approach also allows field studies to be examined from past to present. There are not many current studies in the literature aimed at determining the general structure and characteristics of tombs, grave structures and tombstones within the framework of bibliometric laws. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the bibliometric features of peer reviewed articles published in the field of tombs, grave structures and tombstones. It is important to determine the contribution of academic studies on the subject to scientific field at the international level and the place of the studies in the international publication rankings. When the keywords "Tomb-Tombs", "Gravestone-Gravestones", "Tombstone-Tombstones" are surveyed in the Web of Science Core Collection database using the "or" option, 70 scientific papers appear. 45 of these studies, on which 94 authors worked, have a single author. Moreover, it is found that 25 publications are co-authored studies. Analysis findings show that the first article in this field indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection database was published in 2007. For this reason, the starting date is accepted as 2007, and 2023 is not included in the time period since it has not ended yet. Most of the studies related with the field and key word were published in Milli Folklore, Olba and Belleten journals. According to the findings, it is predicted that interdisciplinary academic collaborations will increase the international visibility of art history literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Dede Korkut stories are considered among the most fundamental works by many researchers studying Turkish culture. The stories are marked by the repercussions of the cultural elements from varying periods in social life, the admittance and refutation by all the strata of the society from heroes to lower classes, and the included motifs, functions and ideological elements. Having achieved a wide popularity especially in a broad geographical area housing the Turkic people, Dede Korkut is a collection of stories that requires a textual analysis and interpretation as well as an examination by various social sciences and cultural studies owing to its multi-dimensional nature providing data to various disciplines. This article aims to analyse the movie Dədə Qorqud filmed in 1975 in Soviet Azerbaijan and screened in Soviet movie theatres after translated into Russian as Свет погасших костров (The Light of Quenched Hearths) in 1977. Adapted and directed by Tofig Taghizade and written by Anar Rızayev, the movie derives from the script, target audience, the actors and the artistic and political inclinations of the period although it inspires from the book Dede Korkut at large. Recently, there has been an increase in the performing arts and, in particular, movies that originate from the Dede Korkut stories. As the main focus of this study, the movie offers new perspectives to researchers with regard to the analysis of an era since it reflects the cultural policy and ideology of the USSR. We are of the opinion that this paper will contribute to the literature for the folklore studies in Turkey mainly focus on textual analyses and the researches on Turkish folk culture and art in the USSR have received limited interest. This article evaluates the publication process of Dede Korkut in the USSR as well as the cultural policy of the USSR and its impact on the development and transformation of cinema. In this sense, the following study endeavours to expand on the reflections of Soviet ideology in movies by discussing the approaches towards the Dede Korkut stories. After all, the script of the movie was devised not as a mere adaptation but to serve the long-lasting propagandistic activities of the Soviets. Indeed, the analyses under this study indicate that the contents altered during the adaptation process or fabricated in the movie script were used with success in the transmission of the ideological messages of the USSR to the society. The adaptation of the Dede Korkut stories bears significance for applied folklore studies. Ideological ends aside, it can be claimed that the movie supports the representation of the cultural codes and motifs inherent to the Dede Korkut stories. In this respect, further studies by varying disciplines will help to reveal the sphere of influence of the movie. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Collecting charge through passage of Straits initially began systematically with the Ottoman State. The initial charge collected fort he passage through the Straits was lighthouse service fees. Additionally, health service fees, mooring fees, rescue fees and towage fees were among the initial charges that civil ships had to pay. The number of passages through the Straits sharply increased, especially soon after the Industrial Revolution and the widespread effect of Western capitalism which was bolstred by industrial developments. Contrary to accelerated developments the Ottoman State could not develop and adapt both passage services and newly emerging lighthouse technologies. This incapability led to the granting of the lighthouse service concession in the Straits to a French company, and after that, rescue operations in the Straits were also undertaken by Western countries. In particular, the process of reclaiming the lighthouses concession from French company caused some serious problems, even during the first decades of Republican era. The concession was nationalized a few years after the Montreux Convention with the help of new conditions that emerged at the eve of World War II. In this paper, the granting process of the lighthouse concession to a French company, the problems related to that concession, the process of reclaiming and lighthouse revenues collected through the passage will be analyzed. Additionally, the development process of rescue and health service charges will also be discussed, shedding light on the charging policies for services provided in the Straits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the lifetime of the Prophet, some narrations were occasionally versified with his approval, albeit to a limited extent. Furthermore, it is evident that during the Ottoman period, poets aspired to versify hadiths with the aim of seeking the Prophet’s intercession. This endeavor reflected both religious devotion and a literal perspective in their compositions. The subject of this study is the analysis of the work titled “A Thousand Ahadith Sharḥ” by İsmail Sadık Kemal, which is crafted with the intent of providing commentary on selected narrations from Sahih al-Bukhari. The paper endeavors to ascertain the role of verses, which originated within the realm of uṣul al-hadith sciences and gained prominence in forty hadith literature over time, within the domain of hadith commentary studies. In addition to the formal analysis, including the method and sources employed in the book, a sample narration with normative implications is examined. Furthermore, the status of hadith commentary in verse is discussed utilizing the quantitative analysis method. In this regard, it is observed that out of the 611 narrations in the A Thousand Ahadith Sharḥ, selected from Sahih al-Bukhari, the remainder are chosen from various hadith collections. These narrations are presented in verse format, employing a didactic approach and a literal translation. Moreover, the text is structured as a verse commentary, addressing jurisprudential rulings and incorporating diverse sectarian perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prisons are spaces in which confinement is implemented as a method of punishment. They are typically surrounded by high walls, iron bars, and wire fences and organized into a ward and cell system. Scholarly attention on and studies that address the social–psychological and spatial aspects of human–prison relationships are scant in the Turkish literature. Thus, the current study aims to reveal the prison representations of the three groups: those (i) with prison experience, (ii) without prison experience but are relatives of prisoners, and (iii) without prison experience and prisoner relatives. The study also aims to examine how prison representations are shared or differentiated among these groups. It conducted a field study using the cognitive mapping method and semistructured interviews with 50 participants (18 women, 32 men) from various cities in Turkey selected via the purposeful, snowball, and convenience sampling techniques. In the semistructured interviews, open-ended questions were formulated to elucidate the perceptions, evaluations, and experiences of the participants toward prisons. Using the cognitive mapping technique, the participants draw mental images of prisons on a blank paper. Data were analyzed by content analysis. The results demonstrated various commonalities, such as the experience of isolation and the spatial characteristics of prisons in the sociospatial representations of the three groups of participants. However, the findings indicate that the participants exhibit diverse social realities constructed and maintained through their representations of prisons. The primary experiences of, the spatial characteristics of prisons and the production in daily communication channels are important factors in the emergence of these social realities.. Furthermore, the results highlighted the explicit role of the social representation of prisons in forming and perpetuating various social realities within a system that sustains power relation and social inequality. Moreover, the findings illustrated that the cognitive maps reveal the spatial elements of prisons, the contingencies of prisoners, and the social conditions of prisons more clearly than did semistructured interviews. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents research that investigated attitudes toward caring for older parents, including filial obligation norms and the intention to support parents in the future. It explores the relationship between these attitudes and cultural values (relatedness and autonomy and instrumental and psychological values of chilldren) and sociodemographic factors (family living situation, maternal and paternal educational levels). This study involved 364 university students who completed the measures of filial obligation norms, intention to support parents in the future, cultural values, value of children, and sociodemographic variables. Results indicated that participants from urban areas were less inclined to endorse material family obligation norms and instrumental and psychological values of children compared with their non-urban counterparts, reflecting lower levels of collectivist tendencies. Moreover, participants with lower maternal educational levels demonstrated higher levels of children’s instrumental value, highlighting their emphasis on intergenerational dependencies. Similarly, those with lower paternal educational levels demonstrated higher endorsement of material and emotional filial obligation norms, as well as instrumental and psychological values of children, indicating stronger collectivist tendencies. Hierarchal regression analyses revealed that paternal education level, instrumental and psychological values of children, and relatedness values predicted material filial obligation norms, while psychological values of children and relatedness values predicted emotional filial obligation norms. Furthermore, the intention to support parents in the future was predicted by gender and material filial obligation norms. In the context of relevant literature, the results show a decline in familial and intergenerational collectivist characteristics, as well as instrumental and psychological values of children, in Türkiye with socioeconomic development. The intention to support parents in the future was associated with hierarchy-oriented filial obligation norms. These findings are significant for informing family change models and the development of social policies aimed at caring for older people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The word coincidence, which is frequently encountered and expressed by human beings in their daily lives; It is a concept used in the definition of unplanned, random and instantaneous situations, facts and events. Coincidence, which is encountered in almost every aspect of daily life, has also found its place in the field of art, and has been used by artists as an act of creation in modern art movements, especially since the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. The inclusion of chance as an element in the act of artistic creation has also gamified this process. The gamification of the creation process contributed to the art creation of the modern period and had important interactions with the subsequent contemporary art process. Original works that emerged as a result of the application of various methods, and visual, stain or formal results achieved by chance at some point, enabled the game to turn into art. The free, enthusiastic, moment-oriented artist, who directs his works by using randomness consciously or instinctively (unconsciously), stains his canvas; He creates improvised practices with splashes, collages by cutting random papers and cardboards, with his body, with the fictions/arrangements he creates indoors or outdoors, or with ready-made objects. Thus, the artist now plays games during the production process of the work, and with the changing understanding of art, art becomes audience-centered, and a 'play friendship' occurs between the artist and the audience, which takes place in the field of play. In the article, the phenomenon of the reflections of the game in artistic action within the scope of art movements developing after modernism was examined within the scope of literature review method and visual research method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the effects of ultrasound-assisted immersion freezing/thawing and conventional refrigerated freezing/thawing at different amplitudes (40%, 70%, 100%) on the quality characteristics of cubed meats were investigated. Analyses were performed on samples thawed in the refrigerator for samples to which ultrasound was applied during the freezing process in the freezer compartment of the refrigerator, and on samples thawed and to which ultrasound was applied during thawing. Although weight loss (7.2.60-8.60%) increased in the samples where ultrasound was applied at 100% amplitude during the freezing and thawing process, lower cooking loss (34.80-38.97%) values were reached in the samples where ultrasound was applied with the thawing process. TBARS values (0.16- 1.05 mg malonaldehyde/kg product) of the meats increased with ultrasound application. For the total colour change values (6.60-15.80) of all samples applied ultrasound, the lowest color change was obtained with ultrasound application at 40% amplitude before and after cooking. According to the textural properties of the meat, it was observed that the hardness (433.81-1455.26 N) and chewiness (140.42-558.92 N) values decreased as the ultrasound amplitude increased. Consequently, the ultrasound process applied to accelerate the freezing and thawing process and to protect the quality of foods had significant effects on the quality characteristics of foods, but the application of ultrasound at 100% amplitude did not provide a significant advantage on the quality characteristics of the samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Creative industry workers play a significant role in the growth of urban economy and migration of the creative class (CC) is a major dimension of economic migration in modern economies. Highly talented individuals are more mobile than other workers, and their spatial preferences differ from those of other employees. Many factors influence the migration tendencies of the CC. tolerance, talent, and technology factors (Florida, 2002), determine the attractiveness of cities, and both soft and hard factors can influence locational preferences. Besides better income and living standards, various factors play a role. Quality of Life (QoL) is one of these factors and plays a significant role in locational preferences. This factor creates a magnet-like environment attracting other creative professionals from different cities. In terms of creative sectors, Istanbul holds a significant share. However, recent times display a rising trend of creative migration. This paper intends to analyze migration trends of the CC from Istanbul to Izmir, through the lens of QoL and decipher the reasons why the CC of a leading city in culture and creative industries, migrate to a lower-rank city in cultural economy. The study questions whether the Creative Migration Theory parameters fully explain the local experience (migration from İstanbul to Izmir) by way of investigating migration tendencies of the CC through the indicators of QoL. The research shows that creative migration to Izmir has different reasons and motivations. Findings indicate that the reasons for CC migration from Istanbul to Izmir are related to their satisfaction levels and living standards in terms of social, environmental, economic and physical aspects. Although Izmir does not stand out as an upper-rank city according to the CC Theory and the parameters QoL, it still attracts the CC. in its impact, Izmir constitutes an asymmetric example for mobility of the CC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the agenda items and outcomes of the London Monetary and Economic Conference of 1933, convened by the League of Nations with the aim of finding common international solutions to the 1929 World Economic Crisis, in terms of the economic policies pursued in Turkey in the early years of the Republic. During the years of the Great Depression, states were pursuing independent economic policies while struggling against the crisis. However, this not only did not solve the problems, but also deepened the economic crisis. At this point, the conference was expected to end the disagreements between the big powers such as the US, Great Britain and France over monetary policies and customs walls and to take common measures against the global economic crisis. However, the conference failed to reach a consensus on monetary policies and the Customs Truce signed at the conference lasted only a few months. On the other hand, Turkey, one of the participating countries of the conference, kept its customs walls high and adopted an anti-devaluation policy in its monetary policies. In essence, this policy was part of the process that had been operating worldwide after the First World War, to the detriment of the industrialized states in the "center". One of the conclusions of the paper is that the divergence of views at the London Conference gave an advantage to "periphery" countries like Turkey, which wanted to pursue independent economic policies in the international conjuncture. Another conclusion reached in the article is that the process of change in the global economy, which started with the First World War and accelerated with the 1929 Crisis, came to light at the London Conference in 1933. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to develop a high-performance method for designing Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filters that effectively control the over-frequency response parameters. The proposed approach involves designing an optimal FIR filter based on an Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) filter, considering various parameters such as pass and stop band ripples, stop band attenuation, transition bandwidth, and linear phase response. The advantages of the IIR filter's better frequency response are utilized in this design. The parameters of Butterworth and Chebyshev filters are optimized using Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithms, incorporating novel fitness functions based on different distance metrics. Visual examination of the filtered signals shows that the proposed algorithm reduces phase delay compared to traditional filters. Additionally, the performance of the designed filter is evaluated by decomposing a sinusoidal signal with four different frequencies into its sub-bands. The numerical results demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves more precise decomposition compared to commonly used traditional filters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, effect of small deviations in the parameters that appear either in the definition or determination of a physical problem to the resultant calculated value. Within the study, Perturbation theory and Asymptotic Series expansions have been used as mathematical tools. In this work, perturbation theory has been handled in two alternative ways: numerical and analytical. Electromagnetic waves has been dealed extensively. Electromagnetic propagation equation has been nondimensionalised and presented via asymptotic series approach. Spatial Fourier transformation provides singular perturbation application to the equation. Validity of the solution has been investigated. This manuscript also concerns the electromagnetic feature extraction of the multilayered properties by the inverse scattering theory approach. In this work, in order to characterize the unknown or ambiguous part of the structure, random modeling of the parameters was introduced. Monte Carlo methods are used to calculate the resultant randomness effect. The description of any parameter, including thickness, with any probability density function (pdf) to represent nonnegative/bounded/unbounded cases and any combination of all these parameters, is represented in a framework. Skewness and kurtosis values are added to the output structure in order to lead complex analysis on the output descriptions. In this work, depending on the structure or aim of the analysis, the permittivity or the permeability of a layer is randomized. The overall reflection coefficient is calculated via recursive analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid integration of digital technologies into e-commerce platforms, online sales have increased dramatically in recent years. Additionally, customers' awareness of the global competition among hundreds of e-commerce companies has increased their expectations such as high quality, low price, fast and free delivery like never before. In response, e-commerce companies have started revisiting their logistics systems to survive in such a business environment by meeting rising expectations and minimizing operational costs. Thus, most companies have been focused on order-picking processes, which are characterized by high operating times and labor costs. Accordingly, collaborative robots (cobots) have been used in many warehouses to make order-picking operations more efficient and profitable. Depending on the distance between pick locations, a cobot can either be ridden by the order picker or autonomously move to the next pick location while the order picker is walking. This paper proposes a bi-level programming model to find the optimal designs of order-picking warehouses employing collaborative robots. The top-level model is used to determine the optimal shape factor (width-to-depth ratio) minimizing the order-picking time; whereas, the bottom-level model determines the optimal route and collaboration strategy. Based on Monte Carlo simulation, it is shown that the shape factor significantly affects the length of an order-picking tour when the pick-list size is small. However, it is concluded that the optimal shape factor varies depending on the pick-list size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the factors affecting the capital structure of Turkish real estate investment trusts whose all earnings are exempt from corporate tax. The study employs the panel data analysis method, covering the period from 2013 to 2022. The dependent variable is the financial leverage ratio, which is used as a proxy for capital structure. Firm-specific, financial market-specific and macroeconomic factors are the analyzed independent variables affecting capital structure. According to the analysis results, positive relationships exist between the financial leverage ratio with the asset size and the level of bond market development, while negative relationships exist between the dividend payout ratio, the firm's age, the level of capital market development and the operating risk. These factors are consistent with the assumptions of both trade-off and pecking-order theories of firm capital structure. The factors affecting the capital structure of firms can be explained with distinct theories, taking into account firm-specific variables, financial market developments, and macroeconomic conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]