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In order to provide reference for the institutional construction of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin, from a methodological perspective, this paper analyzed the new institutional construction needs for ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin, and the contradiction of the overall requirements of basin governance between fragmented management in reality. On the premise of adhering to ecological priority and green development, and implementing tailored and classified policies, the above issues could be solved by finding the smallest tool unit that covered both ecological protection and high-quality development. Green credit is the minimum common multiple between ecological protection and high-quality development. Establishing a green credit system through laws, regulations and policy regulations is a necessary foundation and logical starting point for basin collaborative governance. Yellow River Conservancy Commission and the nine provinces (regions) in the Yellow River Basin can, in accordance with higher-level laws and relevant policies such as the Yellow River Protection Law, promptly introduce operational norms applicable to the basin and region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore an effective way to improve the coupling and coordination between ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin, build a high-quality development evaluation index system including five dimensions of innovative development, coordinated development, green development, open development and shared development, and an ecological evaluation index system including three dimensions of ecological environment resources, ecological environment carrying capacity and ecological environment management and based on panel data from nine provinces (regions) in the Yellow River Basin from 2002 to 2021, the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method was used to calculate the high-quality development index and ecological protection index. Then it calculated the coupling coordination degree and the decoupling index of the two and analyzed the coupling coordination level, decoupling state and its temporal and spatial changes. The results show that a) from 2002 to 2021, the level of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin has been improved and the trend of change is steadily improving. However, the issues of uneven high-quality development in the western region lagging behind the eastern region, the larger differences in ecological protection among the provinces (regions) and the fragile ecological environment have not been fundamentally changed. b) The coupling coordination degree between ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin fluctuated significantly before 2010 and the coupling coordination level was basically imbalanced. After 2010, the coupling coordination degree has been steadily improved, and the coupling coordination level is gradually shifted from primary coordination to good coordination and high-quality coordination. However, there are significant differences in the coupling coordination degree and coupling coordination level among different provinces (regions) . c) The decoupling state between ecological protection and high-quality development in the nine provinces (regions) of the Yellow River Basin from 2002 to 2021, in a few years, it is an expansion connection or weak decoupling, and most years experiencing unsatisfactory strong decoupling, strong negative decoupling, weak negative decoupling or declining coupling. At the end of the research period, most provinces (regions) experience a decline in high-quality development level accompanied by a strong negative decoupling state of improved ecological environment. This paper puts forward the path to enhance the coupling coordination between ecological environment protection and high-quality development of strengthening the flow of industrial development factors, accelerating industrial transformation and upgrading, and promoting the development of digital economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to provide reference for the formulation of relevant policies for the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin, this paper started from the perspective of the dual coupling of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin to build separate evaluation indicator systems for development quality and ecological protection. Then, it calculated the development quality index and ecological protection index of each province (autonomous region) in the year 2020 by using entropy method. It built a two-dimensional quadrant model of ecological protection and development quality with the national average development quality index and ecological protection index as the coordinate origin. Based on the distribution of each province (autonomous region) in the two-dimensional quadrants, it determined the coordination status of ecological protection and high-quality development. The results show that there is significant variation in ecological protection and development quality among provinces (autonomous regions) in the Yellow River Basin, with prominent issues of imbalance and inadequacy. Using the national average development quality index and ecological protection index as benchmarks, considering a development quality index higher than the national average as high quality and an ecological protection index higher than the national average as good ecological quality, the coordination status of ecological protection and high-quality development in the various provinces (autonomous regions) of the Yellow River Basin is classified into four types of excellent ecology-high quality, excellent ecology-low quality, low ecology-low quality and low ecology-high quality. The results show that only Sichuan is in a relatively ideal state of excellent ecology-high quality, while the other provinces (autonomous regions) are in the three types of non-coordinated states of excellent ecology-low quality, low ecology-low quality and low ecology-high quality. Finally, it proposes the establishment of a long-term mechanism for the coordinated advancement of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin, focusing on the six aspects of top-level strategic design, inter-provincial (autonomous regional) collaborative control, public participation, rigid constraints on ecological protection, constraints on rights, responsibilities and interests and ecological compensation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scientific and technological innovation is the fundamental support for ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin. This paper analyzed the current status of scientific and technological innovation in nine provinces ( autonomous regions) in the Yellow River Basin from 2016 to 2020, and finds that the supporting mechanisms of scientific and technological innovation for ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin are as follows: speed up the digitalization process of factors of production, smooth the high-quality factor circulation mechanism, improve the adaptability and innovation level of the economic structure, build high-quality synergy mechanism, optimize the law-based business environment, and implement the digitalization progressive governance mechanism. The Yellow River Basin ecological protection and high quality development of science and technology innovation support mechanism path and policy Suggestions for: in green technology innovation as the gripper coordinated development, promote the global ecological construction of the Yellow River Basin integrated large data center, improve the efficiency of digital integration of government affairs, increase efficiency and improve the business environment under the rule of law governance service governance and supervision system, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of internet, new-generation information technology represented by big data, AI and IOT, is accelerating the industrial integration among agriculture, manufacturing and service industries and driving high quality development of China’ s economy. In order to promote the application of new generation information technology in the process of ecological protection and high quality development in the Yellow River basin, this paper analyzed the current situation of natural resources, social and economic development and industrial composition of the Yellow River basin. Then on the basis of discussing the problems faced by ecological protection and high quality development of the basin, this paper put forward the general framework by using new-generation information technology to promote ecological protection and high quality development of the basin, that is to establish the air-space-ground integrated management of ecological environment, improve the comprehensive flood prevention and early warning system, maintain the management and control system of water resources in the Yellow River water supply area, strengthen the optimization and adjustment of industrial structure in the basin and establish a harmonized industrial chain in the basin. On the basis of the framework, it was suggested to establish an air-space-ground integrated big data platform, which could accelerate the ecological restoration along the Yellow River basin and ensure high quality development of the basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

General secretary Xi Jinping delivered an important speech on September 18 of 2019 in Zhengzhou. It is great significant to increase the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin as a major national strategy. This paper discussed the profound connotation of Xi’s important speech from the following three aspects: the value orientation of taking the people as the center, the ideological line of seeking truth from facts, and the ideological light of historical materialism and dialectical materialism. This paper expounded the realization path of implementing national strategy and building a happy river for the benefit of the people from five aspects of “flood control and safety protection, high quality water resources, healthy water ecology, livable water environment and advanced water culture”, focusing on the improvement of flood control engineering system, the downstream treatment ideas of “keeping river wide and reinforcing the levee, stabilizing main channel, beach based policy implementation and comprehensive treatment”, the water resources allocation pattern of “one line and seven reservoirs, node control, north-south economy, east-west balance”, and the overall layout of water ecological protection of the basin of “three zones and one corridor”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to deepen the research on the coordination mechanism of ecological protection and economic development of the urban agglomerations in the Yellow River Basin, and to provide references for the research on high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin, taking the Lanzhou-Xi' an urban agglomeration, the Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration, the Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration, and the Huhhot-Baotou-Erdos-Yulin urban agglomeration, Central China urban agglomeration, Central Shanxi urban agglomeration, and Ningxia urban agglomeration along the Yellow River as the research objects, this paper established an index system according to the four subsystems of ecological environment, economic development, human water relationship, and people' s happiness . It adopted the entropy weight method and the coefficient of variation method to determine the index weights and SMI-P model to calculate the coordination degree between ecologic; J protection and high-quality development, and analyzed the changes in the coordination degree between ecological protection and high-quality development in urban agglomerations along the Yellow River from 2009 to 2018. The results show that the coordination degree of ecological protection and high-quality development of the urban agglomerations along the Yellow River presents a cascade distribution pattern of high in the cast and low in the west (high in the downstream and low in the upper reaches) ; the degree of coordination between protection and high-quality development is rising, and the difference in the degree of coordination among urban agglomerations is gradually decreasing; in 2009, only the Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration is in a state of 'close to synergy", while most other urban agglomerations arc in a state of "on the verge of imbalance" ; in 2018, the Central China urban agglomeration and the Huhhot-Baotou-Erdos -Yulin urban agglomeration also reach a state of "close to synergy", while other urban agglomerations are about to reach a state of "close to synergy" ; there arc: significant spatial differences of the coordinated development index among four subsystems (i.e. ecological environment, economic development, human-water relationship, and people' s happiness of each urban agglomeration) . The urban agglomeration with high degree of coordination has a weaker subsystem coordinated development index, while the urban agglomeration with a low degree of coordination has a larger subsystem coordinated development index. Therefore, each urban agglomeration should he adequate to give full play to their respective location advantages and resource advantages, strengthen their weaknesses, and implement differentiated ecological protection and high-quality economic coordinated development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the horizontal compensation system of the Yellow River Basin and clear theoretical orientation to guide the practice, taking the relevant policies as the research object, this paper analyzed the institutional basis and theoretical characteristics of hori zontal compensation in the Yellow River Basin from the perspective of law and economics and institutional economics and made a comprehen sive comparative evaluation of the relevant institutional arrangements based on the market and diversity characteristics of horizontal compensa tion. The results show that comparing with the vertical compensation with the characteristics of public law such as compensation and regula tion, the horizontal compensation mainly reflects the characteristics of private law such as transaction and market. The real ecological value of the current institutional arrangements for horizontal compensation needs to be fully reflected. Diversification and marketization are lack of sys tem supplement. The legal relationship of horizontal compensation needs to be defined clearly and reasonably. Therefore, aiming at the con struction and improvement of horizontal ecological compensation system in the Yellow River Basin, we should restore the value connotation of horizontal compensation, adjust the intervention scope of public law and private law in the horizontal compensation based on the market mech anism, clarify the legal protection mechanism, and form a decentralized, collaborative, multi-subject participation contractual legal structure and inclusive institutional form of river basin ecological governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve comprehensively water security capability, conside ring the existing problems of flood risk threat, the stortage of water resources, fragile ecological environment and insufficient capacity for water management that the Yellow River Basin is facing with, the water security layout with coordinated protection of five zones including the source area, the upper, middle and lower areas of the Yellow River, the Yellow River estuary and delta areas was proposed based on the idea of "Focus on Protection and Key on Management". Then, the water security measures were put forward from the five aspects of promoting the economical and intensive use of water resources to improve the support ability of water resources, perfecting the flood control and disaster reduction system to ensure the peace and stability of the Yellow Rive r, strengthening the protection of water ecological environment to safeguard the healthy life of the Yellow River, systematically implementing the integrated prevention and control of soil erosion to improve the ecological environment in the Loess Plateau and promoting the river basin management ability to support the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. Also, this paper could provide an important basis for the water security work of the ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the research hotspots and frontier trends of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River basin, this paper collected data from CNKI database in the period of 1992-2021. It used CiteSpace software to analyze the cooperation network of authors and institutions, keywords, keywords in LLR clustering and Burst. Combining with the time, periodicals and subjective distribution map of published articles, the relevant knowledge maps were drawn. It is indicated that the research of ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River basin is closely related to policy evolution. The research focus and frontier can be divided into four aspects of ecological environment, water pollution and restoration, ecological control and high-quality development of the Yellow River basin. However, there is a lack of close cooperation between major researchers. Research on ecological protection and high-quality development of the basin can be deepened from the aspects of perfecting the policy support system and the cooperation network of scientific research institutions in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Good ecological environment is the foundation of high-quality economic and social development, and forest vegetation is an impor tant measure to ensure a good ecological environment. In this paper, in order to provide reference for the protection and restoration of the eco logical space of the Yellow River Basin in Shaanxi Province and according to the existing problems of forest vegetation protection and restora tion in the Yellow River Basin in Shaanxi Province and the law of topography, climate distribution and the principle of "classified strategy ", it made the layout of the ecological construction planning of "one belt, three protective barriers and three zones". It provided reference for pro tection and restoration of forest vegetation in the Yellow River Basin and the construction of green ecological barrier in the Yellow River Basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to promote the ecological protection and economic development of the Yellow River basin, on the basis of the data of cities at and above the prefectural level in the Yellow River basin, the paper adopted the improved "Vertical and Horizontal" scatter degree method to evaluate the level of ecological protection and economic development of the Yellow River basin, at the same time, it used the coupling coordination degree model to measure the coordination degree of ecological protection and economic development. The result shows that the comprehensive level of economic development in the Yellow River basin presents a stable growth, the quality of ecological protection and the coordination of ecological protection and economic development present a trend of strong consistency and displays cyclic variations. From spatial pattern, due to the influence of nature, location, history and other factors, the coordination degree of ecological protection and economic development in the downstream of the Yellow River basin is better than that of the upper and middle reaches. For promoting the coordinated development of the ecological protection and economic in the Yellow River basin, while stabilizing the economic growth, we should further optimize the economic structure, improve the quality of economic development, strengthen ecological environmental protection, establish a crossregional interactive cooperation and cooperative governance mechanism and achieve balanced and coordinated development in the upper, middle and lower reaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecological protection and high quality development of the Yellow River basin have become a major national strategy，but there are still some outstanding difficulties and issues in the current stage which need to be considered and gradually promoted from a strategic perspec¬tive. This paper systematically analyzed the outstanding difficulties and issues in the current development and utilization of water resources， sediment deposition control，flood control and disaster reduction，ecological environment protection and economic and social development in the Yellow River basin. Combining with the major national strategic requirements of ecological protection and high quality development in the Yellow River basin，according to the general idea of “combining points，lines and areas” and “five water resources with one treatment”，it put forward the key points to supplement the weak links of flood control and water & sand regulation，strengthen the protection of main and branch water environment and water ecosystem，implement comprehensive management of mountains，rivers，forests，fields，lakes and gras¬ses in the basin，for^n the overall layout and strategic pattern of protecting water resources，restoring water ecology，improving water environ¬ment， controlling water disasters，strengthening water supervision，and formulate the system and mechanism framework of basin coordination management，for maintaining the ecological health of the Yellow River and supporting the high quality development of the Yellow River basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

： Problems in the Yellow River basin are as follows ： the incompatibility between management strategies in the wide reaches of the- Lower Yellow- River and water and sediment condition； the main frame of the water and sediment regulation system has not been formed; the upper and middle basin has poor economic development basis，harsh ecological environment and endures lack of water resources. Based on the previous and present management methods，the countermeasures for the training of the Yellow，River are provided by this paper. a) Com¬bining “two boundaries mode” and ecological management mode in the training of the wide reaches，using the long-distance high concentra¬tion pipeline sediment transport technolog^^ and other methods to rebuild the functional spaces in the “ newdy-fonned floodplains” and the “ highly-formed floodplains”. Functional spaces in the “ newdy-fonned floodplains” are for agricultural production and functional spaces in the “ highly-formed floodplains” are free for resettlement. Using the precast plank-stake combination dyke technology to build high-level river training stmctures and protection embankments in the “first boundary” construction. The “first boundary” can play a role in the flow，path control and sediment transportation. It can also protect the “ newly-for^med floodplains” under designed discharge. The regulation of the stream line is regarded as the sub-objective of the reser^^oir operation in the upper and middle reaches. Guide the stream line and promote the sedi¬ment transport capacity through river training structures. Achieve the benign management target of the effective utilization of the wide flood¬plains and the coadaptation of stream line stability under medium floods and specific floods conveyance. b) Construct the Guxian Project and the Heishanxia Project as soon as possible to establish main reser^^oirs of water and sediment regulation system in the Yellow River. The water and sediment regulation system in the Yellow River is beneficial in the disaster prevention and can promote the coordinated development of the ecological construction and regional economy in the Yellow River basin. It helps to promote the development of poverty-stricken areas，old revolutionary^ base areas and ethnic minority areas. It further promotes the economic revitalization of the west area and the overall situation of national ecology，food security，energy security and social stability. c) Use modern engineering measures to change the erosion datum level. Transfor^m the serious soil and water loss areas on the Loess Plateau to well-arranged plains. Biological measures are supplemented to reduce the amount of sediment transported into the Yellow- River and to exert ecological benefits persistently. d) The West Route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project and the Water Transfer Project from Tibet can solve the water shortage situation and the trend of serious degra¬dation of the ecological environment in the Yellow River basin and North China, providing water resources guarantee for national water supply security, energy security, food security and ecological security. The “ Water Transfer from Tibet to the Yellow River” project is a fundamental plan for the sustainable development of China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The soil and water conservation cause have got new requirements and new responsibilities on ecological protection and high-quality development of national strategy in the Yellow River basin. It is also an important opportunity for the soil and water conservation high-quality development in the Yellow River basin. Soil and water conservation work will enter into a new stage of high-quality development. Based on the new demand of national strategy for soil and water conservation, on account of summarizing the development experiences of soil and water conservation in the Yellow River basin, this paper introduced the roles and responsibilities of soil and water conservation in the national strategy for the management of the Yellow River in the new period, analyzed the existing problems and the challenges that need to be addressed on soil and water conservation in the Yellow River basin. Some suggestions and countermeasures were put forward, for an example, the strengthening weaknesses of precise control of soil and water loss in typical areas, the promotion of monitoring and forecasting system supervision, the establishment of development mechanism on soil and water conservation in the new period, and the construction of national strategic demonstration area on ecological protection and high-quality development with ecological construction of soil and water conservation as the core and strengthening of the soil and water conservation scientific research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]