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Innovation districts are widely known as an effective land use type for fostering and sustaining knowledge and innovation economy growth in cities. Knowledge workers and the public are among the main stakeholders and key drivers for the growth of innovation districts. However, these groups' needs are often not well considered in the top-down implementation of innovation districts. This paper aims to explore the user preferences and decision makers' perspectives in innovation district planning, design, and development. The study tackles the question of which characteristics fulfil the responsibility of innovation districts toward both societies (reflecting user preferences) and cities (reflecting decision makers' perspectives). As for the methodology, a case study approach was employed to collect the required data from three innovation districts in Brisbane, Australia. The data are qualitatively and quantitatively analysed. The analysis findings highlighted the similarities between user preferences and decision makers' perspectives—e.g., usefulness of decentralisation, urbanism, mixed-use development, street life, and social interactions in innovation districts—and the differences that need to be carefully factored into the planning, design, and development of innovation districts with a user-centric approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose — The purpose of this paper is to describe the impact of a university-wide deposit mandate on the self-archiving practices of academics and to show how a mandate can make a positive difference. Design/methodology/approach — The paper explains the genesis of the eprints mandate at QUT and outlines the response of the academics to the endorsement of the policy. The implementation of the mandate is then examined in detail, including discussion and evaluation of specific implementation strategies and practices. Findings — The experience of Queensland University of Technology suggests that a university-wide eprints mandate definitely increases the rate of self-archiving. Cultural and organisation change takes time, even with a mandate. Advocacy initiatives and implementation strategies have to be aligned with current skills and needs of the researchers. For a self-deposit system to be successful, the barriers need to be as low as possible. Originality/value — Institutional repository administrators should consider creating a scaffolded deposit system that is fast, intuitive and requires only basic technology skills. The efforts of early adopters should be recognised as publicly as possible. Evidence of success is the best form of persuasion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a new land use type, innovation districts are taking prominence in the urban development policies and plans of many cities across the globe. This new urban land use comes in many shapes and forms and offers various features and functions to the users. Despite its increasing popularity, there exist only limited approaches to classify innovation districts, and there are no holistic typologies developed so far. This study focuses on this understudied, but important area of research. The paper aims to develop an innovation district typology matrix and evaluates its practicality with real innovation district data. The methodological approach is three-fold. First, the multidimensional innovation district classification framework is adopted as a performance framework. Second, data from three eminent Australian innovation districts—i.e., Macquarie Park Innovation District (Sydney), Monash Technology Precinct (Melbourne), and Kelvin Grove Urban Village (Brisbane)—are collected. Third, both qualitative and quantitative analysis methods are employed for data analysis. The study finds that innovation district performances can be measured, and typologies can be developed though a novel approach. These, in return, inform property developers and managers, city administrators, and urban planners in their efforts to plan, design, develop, and manage competitive innovation districts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The security hypothesis posits that the international crime drop can be attributed to, in large part, improvements in security technology. However, in recent years, certain types of property crime are increasing. In this paper, we test the hypothesis that offenders are adapting to increased security in vehicles through burglarizing residences to steal keys. We analyze residential burglaries, thefts of vehicles, and their co-occurrences in Brisbane Australia (2009–2018) to identify changes in their temporal patterns. Residential burglaries declined while thefts of vehicle remained relatively constant. Co-occurrences of residential burglaries and thefts of vehicle doubled while the rate almost tripled. Data signatures indicate a shift in modus operandi showing significant increases in the use of residential burglaries to facilitate thefts of vehicle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the evolution of a small electronic music scene in Brisbane from the mid-1980s to the present. Drawing upon the concept of scene and highlighting its local and trans-local dimensions, we assess how the place-bound attributes of Brisbane (cultural and political history, climate, built form) are still relevant when analyzing the emergence and development of an electronic music scene. The place-bound attributes of Brisbane played a strong role in shaping this scene: the sub-tropical climate enabling outdoor parties; the development of a strong trans-local character due to isolation; 'scene hopping' strategies from electronic artists, as well as bands; the hostile political and social environment that characterized Queensland, have all influenced the development of its electronic scene and informed the local/interlocal/virtual dimensions of this scene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing research demonstrates how the governance of urban nuisances is often linked to the punitive treatment of marginalised subjects and the neoliberal imperatives that drive this. Yet, whilst the discourse of nuisance disproportionately effects marginalised populations, it is also applied to other urban subjects and problems. Drawing on a qualitative study of nuisance governance in Brisbane, Australia, this paper extends upon the existing literature by investigating how nuisances are governed in the wider community, paying particular attention to the role of punitive practices and neoliberal rationalities in this process. It shows how a broader array of neoliberal rationalities inform nuisance governance than acknowledged in previous research, which has predominantly focused on the political-economic rationality of 'urban entrepreneurialism'. It shows, furthermore, that these rationalities do not merely promote punitive responses to nuisance problems, but rather combine punishment with more traditionally 'liberal' governance practices that seek to facilitate self-governance. I argue that taking account of this broader array of nuisance governance practices enables us to better understand what is specific about the treatment of marginalised urban populations, as well as deepening our understanding of the relationship between neoliberal rationalities and punitive governance practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Retirement villages are regarded as a viable accommodation option for the ever increasing ageing population in Australia. This paper aims to identify sustainability features and practices adopted in retirement villages and associated benefits to improve the life quality of older people. A case study of an existing retirement village 10 kms from Brisbane CBD was conducted involving a series of interviews with the village managers and residents together with documents relating to the village's operations and activities. The environmentally friendly features that were incorporated into the development mainly include green design for the site and floor plan and waste management in daily operation. More importantly, a variety of facilities are provided to strengthen the social engagement and interactions among the residents. Additionally, different daily services are provided to assist independent living and improve the health conditions of residents. Also, the relatively low vacancy rate in this village indicates that these sustainability features offer good value of money for the residents. The paper provides a first look at sustainable retirement villages in terms oftriple bottom line sustainabilitywith emphasis on social aspects, reveals the importance in maintaining an appropriate balance, and provides examples of how this can be achieved in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Italian migrants, as well as diverse migrant groups, brought with them cultural practices and a way of life, which are nowadays part of the multicultural Australian built environment and society. This research study focuses on the external yards of domestic dwellings built in the late 1980s and early 1990s in Brisbane by the Italian migrants. Namely, it is argued that the external yards of migrants' houses are embedded by cultural meanings. The research study is of a qualitative nature and, as primary sources of data, uses (1) semi-structured interviews, (2) photo-elicitation interviews and (3) focus group discussion, which were conducted both in Australia with 21st-generation Italian migrants, and in Italy with 10 informants indigenous to the Veneto region, where they built their homes. Visual data about the houses were collected with (4) photographs and drawings. This paper explores the activities occurring inside migrants' houses in Brisbane, highlighting the meaning of the activities and the settings where these activities are performed. Through the study of these meanings, it is revealed that the various activities are expressions of the culture, as an accepted way of doing things and/or a way of life, of the country of origin of the respondents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Everyday activities and routines, such as, cooking, cleaning, and shopping, draw attention to the changes, contrasts, and adaptive processes that migrants undertake when settling into new living arrangements and relationships. For those coming from countries with rigid gender hierarchies, such as Nepal, these changes and necessary adaptations to the new socio-cultural practices and more flexible gender roles, often magnify the emotional and relational experiences of migration. This paper explores how female Nepalese students living in Brisbane, Australia experience shifting gender roles and expectations. It expands on the scarce literature on female Nepalese migration, in contrast to the recent growth in females as primary visa holders. Drawing on a series of qualitative interviews and ethnographic reflections, we examine how the more mundane roles and duties of a household are negotiated by these students and their partners. We suggest that attention to the mundane, everyday negotiations of gender between partners and in shared households sheds light on the complexity of migration experiences for Nepalese students living in Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper gives insights into the collective ways that Samoans and Tongans living in Brisbane have responded to the changes and uncertainties of the COVID-19 era. As Samoan and Tongan insider researchers, we present observations and dialogue from Samoan and Tongan families that were recorded during March 2020, as part of an inquiry into Pasifika mobilities and wellbeing in Australia. The responses drawn from these cohorts suggest an established resilience and purposed creativity during this global crisis. The social distancing regulations, border closures and travel bans have caused Samoan and Tongan communities in Brisbane to engage more; particularly connecting through digital spaces (vā) of social media and other online communication platforms. Pasifika have responded to the pressures and parameters of a pandemic with innovative ways of nurturing their collective well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the evolution of the punk and goth subcultures in Brisbane, Australia. We analyse how these subcultures are representing the idea of the counter-city through the 'heterotopia' displayed in the city from the birth of the punk movement in the late 1970s until now. This paper reflects on the continuous presence of these two subcultures in the city, and examines their relationship to space and the city. We investigate how spaces in the city have served these subcultural practices over the past 50 years. We examine the link between the concept of the counter-city and the material concerns of urban life by detailing the ways in which those participating in these subcultures exemplify value systems that run counter to hegemonic social and cultural norms. Using a typology of "critical urban interventions", we examine the role the musicians and audiences in Brisbane's punk and goth scenes play in the urban sphere. First, we situate music scenes and subcultures within the broader 'counter-cities' theoretical framework. We then analyse interviews from participants in Brisbane's punk and goth scenes to examine the extent to which these subcultures have displayed counter-cities dispositions in the making and remaking of these subcultures. • Goth and Punk subcultures in Brisbane represent two types of counter-cities. • The Punk scene is a live music scene while the Goth scene is a club scene. • The Punks have evolved from 'political artivists' to 'social artivists'. • New media technologies allow the nurturing of international connections. • Relationships between scene and space are best understood through the Heterotopia concept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports findings of an Australian study on cross-cultural communication and employment of several African birthplace groups of former refugees. The study was conducted in the greater Brisbane area in 2009–10 and collected both quantitative (based on a short questionnaire) and qualitative (based on 12 focus groups) data. Drawing on the uncertainty reduction theory (URT), the segmented labour market theory (SLMT) and Bourdieu's concepts of linguistic and cultural capital, the paper focuses on cross-cultural communication aspects of job search (particularly the job interview situation), the workplace (communication with supervisors and co-workers) and overcoming linguistic and cultural obstacles in building bridging social networks. Existing power relations that structure the communication process, especially the ‘symbolic power’ aspect of Australian ethnic relations, are the context of our analysis. We also report on gender differences that additionally structure these processes in the job search and workplace contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In 2007 the film-maker Michael Noonan embarked on a project initially entitled 'Laughing at the Disabled' (a title then changed to 'Laughing with the Disabled'), a collaboration between himself and three people with intellectual disabilities. A doctoral candidate in the Creative Industries at Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Noonan's film was the subject of a furious attack by two QUT academics - and then became a cause celebre not only in Australia but around the world. The 'Laughing at/with the Disabled' project became a touchstone for the futility and contempt inherent in much contemporary academic research and teaching - but especially was viewed by many as proof of the troubling status of disability in Australian universities. While it has been widely discussed in the press, and with the furore continued online via blogs, YouTube, and email lists, there has been an absence of critical discussion of the case. Accordingly, in this paper, I analyze the public record covering the criticisms of this research project, disciplinary action by QUT, and responses by those involved in the research. Rather than making judgments on the project, I explore this case for the light it sheds on the place of disability in Australian culture, the role of power, questions of ethics - and, perhaps most importantly, the cultural politics of disability in education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to identify factors contributing to the success of demand management measures in a period of severe water shortage in urban areas of Queensland, Australia; to reflect on the role of demand management measures as a policy tool integral to Australia's National Water Initiative. Design/methodology/approach - The paper takes the form of a case study and literature review. Findings - Australia's National Water Initiative, with its emphasis on market-based reform, failed to provide adequate mechanisms for dealing with severe drought in Australia's urban areas. In contrast, a mix of regulatory, fiscal and educational initiatives encouraged Brisbane residents to reduce their water consumption by 57 per cent. These initiatives were successful because they formed part of a comprehensive, pervasive and persistent campaign delivered by two tiers of government working in conjunction and exhibiting strong local leadership. Originality/value - The paper identifies the need to include demand management measures - including regulatory, fiscal and educational measures - as well as market-based reforms in national water policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses an innovative approach Io teaching cataloguing. At Queensland University of Technology (QUT), students enrolled in the Graduate Diploma of Library and Information Studies were involved m an independent learning activity which aimed to develop LIS students' foundation knowledge of descriptive cataloguing, while simultaneously encouraging students to think critically about broader issues that would inevitably impact on their role as information professionals. In the self-study program, learning activities included an interactive multimedia CD-ROM and a primed workbook with exercises, argument by the opportunity for group discussion in weekly tutorials to enable students to share key aspects of their independent learning. Students were asked to critically evaluate the CD-ROM and the workbook and also to develop their own professional views about the arguments for and against the inclusion of cataloguing in the LIS curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Chinese society, traditional postnatal practices and family support protect the health and well-being of women after childbirth. The absence of support for these practices for Chinese migrants in Western societies can have negative implications for their health. Recent studies reveal that postnatal stress is a growing concern among Chinese migrant women in Brisbane, Australia. There is a need to investigate the experiences of these women in order to understand factors affecting their postnatal health and to identify gaps in, and ways to improve, existing services and support identified needs. This paper examines postnatal experience and health needs of Chinese migrant women in Brisbane from three different places of origin: Taiwan, Hong Kong and the People's Republic of China (PRC). Previous studies on reproductive health beliefs and practices of Chinese women have found that a relationship exists between postnatal maternal health and postnatal cultural practices, appropriate family and community support and social circumstances, particularly pressures relating to employment. This study further tests and confirms these findings by comparing the experience of the three Chinese groups who have different migration circumstances, socio-economic and employment status, and support networks. The study reveals that among the three groups, PRC migrants are more likely to have encountered downward social mobility, economic hardship, social isolation, employment and language problems. While all three groups believe in the necessity of traditional postnatal practices, the PRC group has less support and is also more likely to have experienced postnatal health problems than the other two groups. This paper concludes with two sets of recommendations: one for community organisations with a focus on empowerment and cooperation; and one for service providers concerning improvement of multi-sectoral partnership, cross-cultural communication and the development of a postnatal care service model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Review of Social Sciences is the property of National Chengchi University, College of Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Due to the rising prices of houses and rent, apartment buildings have become the preferred and most utilized dwellings in Australia. However, there have been cases of serious defects in multi-unit dwellings (apartment buildings), posing various risks to and reducing potential residents' confidence in such dwellings. To address this issue, the current study investigated the types, causes, risk severity, and impacts of defects on residents in mid- to high-rise multi-unit dwellings in Australia. The study utilized a mixed approach involving quantitative (online questionnaire) and qualitative (interviews) methods. Data were collected from 104 apartment building residents in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, with support from interviews with six experienced local construction professionals. The results revealed that there are 11 key defects present in local apartment buildings, with waterproofing, internal finishes, and structural issues being the most frequently reported. Residents typically report these defects to building owners, agents, and managers, who take more than three months, on average, to rectify them, adding to the residents' psychological issues and their inability to use the property as intended. The reasons for the delayed rectification of defects include non-responsive owners, agents, and building management teams, scheduling conflicts, litigation, and high costs. The interviewed professionals acknowledged the presence of defects and identified the reliance on Design and Construct (D&C) and fixed price contracts, lack of public awareness, and absence of a system to capture builders' reputation, as well as a manipulative quality check system, as key reasons for defects. This study addresses the defect concerns in multi-unit Australian dwellings (apartments) and expects to spark a much-needed debate around reforms in the construction sector to address these issues and minimize their risks and impact on residents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of archaeological site formation processes, although routinely undertaken for prehistoric sites, is only carried out in historical archaeology in a limited way. Understanding the processes which formed the archaeological record of a site is an important first step towards developing justifiable inferences about past behavior and past societies regardless of the age of the site. This paper identifies and examines the cultural and non-cultural processes that formed the archaeological record at the Commissariat Store, Brisbane. The history of the site, from its construction in 1829 as part of the Moreton Bay penal settlement to the present, is examined and the expected impacts and processes on the archaeological record are identified. Archaeological evidence from the salvage excavation of the site undertaken in 1978 and 1979 is analyzed to identify the cultural and non-cultural site formation processes. This study identifies the presence of cultural formation processes including discard, loss, abandonment and re-use from an examination of the historical and archaeological evidence. Non-cultural formation processes at work in the site include faunalturbation, floralturbation, flooding, and aquaturbation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sports sponsorship increasingly provides organisations with the opportunity to reach their target audiences in a manner that facilitates engagement and encourages relationship development. This paper provides an Australian perspective of the value of sports sponsorship using a case study of WOW Sight and Sound's long-term sponsorship of the Brisbane Broncos rugby league team. The case study investigates WOW's marketing objectives which centre generating brand awareness using sponsorship with the Brisbane Broncos as an integrated marketing communications tool. WOW believes that the integration of its sponsorship of the Broncos with the team's total marketing plan is integral to its success. This integration requires the facilitation of two-way communications between WOW, its advertising agency, the Brisbane Broncos and customers to ensure that all parties' needs are met. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some researchers in the field of ageing claim that significant extension of the human lifespan will be possible in the near future. While many of these researchers have assumed that the community will welcome this technology, there has been very little research on community attitudes to life extension. This paper presents the results of an in-depth qualitative study of community attitudes to life extension across age groups and religious boundaries. There were 57 individual interviews, and 8 focus groups (totalling 72 focus group participants) conducted with community members in Brisbane, Australia. Community attitudes to life extension were more varied and complex than have been assumed by some biogerontologists and bioethicists. While some participants would welcome the opportunity to extend their lives others would not even entertain the possibility. This paper details these differences of opinion and reveals contrasting positions that reflect individualism or social concern among community members. The findings also highlight the relationship between Christianity, in particular belief in an afterlife, and attitudes to life extension technology. Overall, the study raises questions about the relationship between interest in life extension, the medicalisation of ageing and the increasing acceptability of enhancement technologies that need to be addressed in more representative samples of the community. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In built-up areas, creating segregated bicycle lanes involves trade-offs with other modes, such as repurposing existing kerbside parking. Can parking be eliminated without financially impacting local businesses? This study answers this question empirically, employing as a case study Boundary Street – the high street of a gentrifying inner-city suburb in Brisbane, Australia. It seeks to elucidate (1) the current use of on-street parking along Boundary Street; (2) the necessity for driving to Boundary Street, based on distances travelled; and (3) Boundary Street patrons' spending habits and visitation patterns. Three sets of primary data are used, including a public forum, an intercept survey, and a series of systematic field observations. The results show that most visitors reach the area on foot; parking spaces are generally available along the street, contrary to local perceptions. Nearly a third of private car users travel less than 3 km to Boundary Street and more than half travel less than 10 km (in other words, they come from the inner city). Therefore, they do not need to travel by car – if distance was the only consideration. Based on these findings, it is concluded that reassigning at least one row of kerbside parking to cycling along Boundary Street would be appropriate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study reviews perceptions over flood insurance and the purchase of this measure among residents living in Southeast Queensland, Australia. The decision of householders living in eleven suburbs in Brisbane to take up flood insurance is analysed by an exploratory model that regresses a polar dependent variable with 22 independent variables directly associated with flood insurance experience. The main findings, based on a questionnaire personally delivered to 1796 householders (homeowners and renters) randomly selected and representing a survey return rate of 26.16% (N = 469), are (i) the need to review and include a clear definition of 'flooding' in insurance policies to minimize unexpected surprises by policyholders claiming coverage for this hazard; (ii) the neutral influence that insurers' recommendations exert on householders' decisions to engage in residential flood risk reduction measures; (iii) the self-reliance of householders living in risky areas even in the absence of financial relief provided by public flood insurance schemes; and (iv) the objection of householders to increased insurance premiums based on updates of flood hazard maps. The findings from this case study are assessed based on a literature review before making policy recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In public art, the paradigm is shifting from 'look but don't touch' towards interactive displays and creations that involve visitors. Accordingly, this study examined some of the factors that lead audiences to interact and engage with public art. Systematic observations of the 'users' of 11 public sculptures were conducted in Brisbane, Australia. The investigation revealed that the design features of public art are key to encouraging or deterring visitors. Interaction levels are higher on weekends than on weekdays whereas factors such as the time of day and the location of artworks (parkland, CBD, or neighbourhood) are less influential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapid and widespread monitoring of inland and coastal water quality occurs through the use of remote sensing and near-surface water quality sensors. A new addition is the development of smartphone applications (Apps) to measure and record surface reflectance, water color and water quality parameters. In this paper, we present a field study of the HydroColor (HC, measures RGB reflectance and suspended particulate matter (SPM)) and EyeOnWater (EoW, determines the Forel–Ule scale—an indication to the visual appearance of the water surface) smartphone Apps to evaluate water quality for inland waters in Eastern Australia. The Brisbane river, multiple lakes and reservoirs and lagoons in Queensland and New South Wales were visited; hyperspectral reflection spectra were collected and water samples were analysed in the laboratory as reference. Based on detailed measurements at 32 sites, covering inland waters with a large range in sediment and algal concentrations, we find that both water quality Apps are close, but not quite on par with scientific spectrometers. EoW is a robust application that manages to capture the color of water with accuracy and precision. HC has great potential, but is influenced by errors in the observational procedure and errors in the processing of images in the iPhone. The results show that repeated observations help to reduce the effects of outliers, while implementation of camera response functions and processing should help to reduce systematic errors. For both Apps, no universal conversion to water quality composition is established, and we conclude that: (1) replicated measurements are useful; (2) color is a reliable monitoring parameter in its own right but it should not be used for other water quality variables, and; (3) tailored algorithms to convert reflectance and color to composition could be developed for lakes individually. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Homelessness is a significant social issue that continues to confront Australian society, despite burgeoning public and policy responses to the issue. Existing scholarship demonstrates the important role the media can play in shaping such responses by framing homelessness – and the people who experience it – in particular ways. However, to date there has been limited focus on how the media represents social responses to homelessness, or how such representations might influence public perceptions of the appropriateness of current responses. Drawing on analysis of four years of media articles (2016–2019), this article examines how the print media frames responses to homelessness in Brisbane, Australia. Our findings demonstrate that the media largely frames current responses as fulfilling and enjoyable for volunteers, and as desperately needed by people who experience homelessness. In representing the issue in this way, the media highlights the unequal power dynamics between those experiencing homelessness and those responding to homelessness. Rather than challenging this problematic power hierarchy, however, the media reifies it through its celebration of temporary and inadequate homelessness responses. We argue that such framing has the potential to promote public and policy support for responses that do little to address the underlying causes of the issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Previous studies of sociodemographic and lifestyle correlates of dietary patterns among young adults have primarily focused on physical activity and smoking, with inconclusive results. This study aims to examine the associations between a broader range of lifestyles of young adults and their patterns of food consumption. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: Brisbane, Australia. Participants: The data set are from a long running birth cohort study which commenced in 1981. Details of dietary intake and sociodemographic and lifestyle factors were from the 21-year follow-up of the Mater-University of Queensland Study of Pregnancy (MUSP) birth cohort. The effective cohort (n 2665, 57 % women) is of young adult offspring. Usual dietary intake was assessed using a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Data on sociodemographic and lifestyle variables were obtained from self-reports. Results: Western and prudent dietary patterns were identified for the combined cohort of women and men using principal components analysis. Multivariable linear regression models were used to examine the associations between lifestyle variables and dietary patterns adjusting for potential confounders. Results from multivariable adjusted models showed that physical activity, watching TV and smoking were strongly associated with each dietary pattern; alcohol consumption and BMI showed weaker associations (P < 0·05 for all). Conclusions: Our study describes a clustering of unhealthy lifestyles in young adults. Young adults with unhealthy lifestyles less often adhere to a healthy prudent dietary pattern and more often an unhealthy Western pattern. Dietary preferences are enmeshed in a lifestyle matrix which includes physical activity, sedentary activity, smoking and alcohol consumption of young adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This pilot study, set in Brisbane, Australia, provides answers to the following research questions: (1) Is there inter- or intra-suburb inequality in street tree provision, in particular along routes that lead to public transport stops? (2) Are further investments in street trees justifiable on heatwave harm reduction alone? The pilot targets three suburbs away from the urban core, which have different socio-economic levels. The 'number of street trees per kilometre' is used as a foundational measure and a labour-intensive (but quite granular and accurate) data collection method is adopted. Our findings point toward inequality in the provision of street trees, especially in the lower income suburb. In the two wealthier suburbs too, street trees are not regarded as a pedestrian transport infrastructure asset. At the same time, our threshold analysis shows that street tree planting is justifiable on heatwave harm reduction alone. In the future, a study of all Brisbane streets would provide more conclusive answers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Literature on dermatology outpatient demographic and clinical data is limited, and the few studies on this topic are mainly conducted overseas, with medical systems and case mix different to Australia. This study presents demographic data relating to dermatology public outpatient referrals to a tertiary hospital in Brisbane, Australia, and determines what additional structured data should be collected to formulate and evaluate initiatives to address service issues such as referral quality, triage process and wait times. Methods: A four‐year retrospective audit was undertaken, summarising all referrals (n = 7140) and clinical dermatology encounters (n = 53 844) between January 2016 and December 2019 at Princess Alexandra Hospital (PAH), the largest hospital in Metro South Health (MSH), serving a population of one million. PAH has one of the two largest public dermatology clinics in Queensland and is the only dermatology service within MSH. Results: Patient demographic data, wait time by triage category, referral rates over time and encounter durations were collected. Structured diagnostic data (e.g. ICD‐10 coding) of the provisional diagnosis, comorbidities, medications and the final diagnosis are not collected in a structured format and would be a valuable addition. Conclusions: The clinical burden of public dermatology is increasing. Both collection and analysis of structured data pertaining to the referrals and encounters are important to help formulate, implement and evaluate initiatives that aim to improve health service provision in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study changes in the spatial distribution and segregation of socio‐economic groups in Australia using a new data set with harmonised census data for 1991 and 2011. We find a general increase in residential segregation by education and occupation groups across the major capital cities in Australia. Importantly, these trends cannot be explained in general by changes in the demographic structure of groups and areas but rather by the rise in the over and underrepresentation of groups across areas. In particular, our analysis reveals clear diverging trends in the spatial configuration of high and low socio‐economic groups as measured by their occupation and education. Whereas high‐skilled groups became more concentrated in the inner parts of cities, the low‐educated and those working in low‐status occupations became increasingly overrepresented in outer areas. This pattern is observed in all five major capital cities, but it is especially marked in Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The redevelopment of a football stadium in Brisbane, Australia provided the opportunity to archaeologically salvage the remains of 397 colonial inhabitants from a cemetery that was in use between 1843 and 1875. No burial registers survived and DNA testing of the remains failed. One person, Eliza Coffey, who burned to death in 1863, has been identified through the forensic analysis of a small piece of textile found in the coffin and extensive archival research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background In high-income countries (HICs), migrants often have higher rates of late diagnosis of HIV than the host population. Timely HIV testing has significant implications for HIV prevention and management. Newer HIV testing approaches, namely provider-initiated testing and counselling (PITC), HIV rapid testing (HIV RT) and HIV self-testing (HIV ST), aim to reach those populations most at risk and, particularly, those who have not previously tested for HIV.Methods: This study used semi-structured interviews to examine the (un)acceptability, barriers and facilitators to newer HIV testing approaches (i.e. PITC, HIV RT and HIV ST) among Vietnamese-born migrants (n = 10) in greater-Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.Results: Vietnamese-born migrants had mixed perspectives on the (un)acceptability of newer HIV testing approaches. PITC was largely viewed by participants as a facilitator to HIV testing for Vietnamese-born migrants. Likewise, HIV RT (undertaken by a doctor in a medical setting, as opposed to a trained community member in a community setting) was generally considered to facilitate HIV testing. HIV ST was largely not considered acceptable to Vietnamese-born migrants and they would prefer to go to a doctor for HIV testing. Several factors were identified that either facilitate or act as barriers to newer HIV testing approaches, including privacy; cost of (accessing) HIV testing; comfort and convenience; healthcare provider relationship; risk perception; symptoms; and technical and emotional support.Conclusions: There is a need to understand migrants' HIV testing preferences if poorer HIV-related outcomes are to be overcome. The findings from this study show a preference for doctor-centred HIV testing, due to enhanced privacy, accuracy and support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Urban Policy & Research is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study measures where gentrification has been occurring in the past decade in Australia's three major cities: Brisbane, Sydney and Melbourne. Based on existing theory, an analytical framework is built to locate gentrification, which takes into account various demographic indicators and spatial markers. The findings are quite surprising, and contradict earlier urban geography theories that frame gentrification as an inner-city phenomenon. The highest levels of gentrification are not found in the immediate inner cities but rather in a band located 5–15 km from the CBDs. In contrast to outer suburbs, the inner suburbs in all three cities are relatively stable and affluent at this point, with median house prices surpassing one million dollars, and median incomes substantially higher than average. The 'new middle class' which has traditionally been associated with inner city gentrification is unable to access the housing market in these previously gentrified suburbs, and is therefore moving outwards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Faced with global warming, Australia aims to wean itself from mechanical approaches to cooling homes. Cities are searching for passive solutions to residential development. These involve the use of porches, basements, natural ventilation, tree shading and the like. In 2016, the Brisbane City Council introduced the New World City Design Guide: Buildings that Breathe (BtB), a non-binding policy document to guide new development in a subtropical climate. The aim of this study was to establish the effectiveness of BtB on overall development outcomes in Brisbane. We found that development applications received after the implementation of the BtB policy incorporated more subtropical design elements than those applications received before the policy. However, overall designers and developers had responded poorly to subtropical design guidance due to various path dependencies. We conclude that discretionary and flexible planning may not be in the public interest in the present era of climate emergency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Australian jazz culture faces an interesting conundrum. Professional jazz musicians aim to create high-quality music in a range of styles, but finding the eyes and ears of the wider audience can be a challenge, especially in a music that constantly invents and reinvents what it is and what it can be. The national jazz festival circuit in Australia contains several key events: the Wangaratta, Perth, Melbourne and Brisbane jazz festivals. For these festivals to continue to attract sustainable audiences, a diversity of programming featuring the crucial balance between local artists, international imports and Australian music must be a part of a robust programming strategy. This article investigates the diversity of artistic programming at the Wangaratta, Perth, Melbourne and Brisbane jazz festivals, and the challenges faced by the regionality of their locations, in order to identify pathways for these festivals to connect with local audiences, musicians and wider fans of the music nationally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aims: Little data exist on the incidence of stroke in Australia. Our aim was to report age and sex disparities in hospital admission for stroke in Queensland, Australia's most populous northern state. Methods: We identified all patients admitted to hospital in Queensland with a diagnosis of stroke from January to December 2015. Results: Among 25,776 admissions with a diagnosis of stroke or TIA and related sequelae, stroke was the principal diagnosis in 11,072 cases of whom 5270 (47.60%) were first-ever stroke. Based on incidents per 100,000 population per year, the crude annual admission rate for first-ever strokes was 110 (95% CI, 107 to 113), 120 (95% CI, 115 to 124) for men and 101 (95% CI, 97 to 105) for women. The corresponding rates adjusted to the world population were 69 (95% CI, 52 to 85), and 88 (95% CI, 70 to 107) adjusted to the European population. Gender and age-adjusted incidence was greater for men than women in all age-groups, except those aged 30–34 years, where occurrence was 10 for men and 16 for women. Conclusions: Based on the outcomes, hospital admission for stroke occurs less frequently in Queensland than in other regions of Australia. Men generally show a higher rate of hospitalization than women, with the notable exception of women aged 30–34, for whom the trend reverses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]