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Purpose Elders' ICT usage is one of the central subjects of ISG. The cabinet office of Japan has conducted "The International Comparative Survey on the Daily Life and Attitudes of the Elderly" every five years, covering individual men and women aged 60 and over (excluding institutionalized residents) in Japan and three foreign countries. The survey provides information on matters related to home life, health and welfare, economic life, employment, housing and living environment, and social relations and purpose in life of the elderly in the countries. The latest 2021 survey has been done in Japan, Germany, Sweden, and the US (https://www.e-stat.go.jp/statsearch/files?page=1&layout=dataset&toukei=00100106&metadata=1&data=1). In Japan and Sweden, 2,500 participants each country were invited by mail. In Germany and the US, 1,000 participants per country were asked by phone. All participants were chosen by random sampling. The survey period was from Dec. 2020 to Jan. 2021. The result of the survey was open for further analysis and research. Survey data was counted and provided as simple tables or cross tables. In this paper, we chose Q.34, Usage of ICT devices, and Q.35, Reason for not-to-use of such devices. The latter question was asked to participants who responded that they are not using any ICT devices. We have analyzed survey data with Correspondence Analysis to reveal four countries of elders' ICT usage features. Method Two question branches are analyzed in this research. Q34 has nine activity categories. All appropriate activities should be answered (multiple answers): 1. Fax to family members and friends, 2. PC e-mail to family and friends, 3. Mobile phone calls (including mail) to family and friends, 4. Net search for information and/or net shopping, 5. Using SNS, 6. Home Page making or Blogging, 7. Netbanking / Net trading, 8. E-government (tax etc.), 9. No ICT usage. Q35: 1. No needs regarded, 2. ICT devices are hard to understand, 3. Have interest, but no clues for purchase/shop, 4. Have no one to instruct device usage, 5. The problem of price/money, 6. The display is unreadable, 7. other reasons. Correspondence analysis was computed with the FactoMineR package (http://factominer.free.fr/), developed by statisticians at d'Agrocampus Rennes. Analysis was done on statistical computing environment R 4.1.2. Results and Discussion Figures 1 and 2 show the ICT device usage. Japanese favor Mobile phone talk and mail. In Japan, Fax and No ICT usage has larger than in other countries. SNS, HP/blogging, E-government, and Netbanking are relatively minor. US participants favor SNS, PC mail, and HP/blogging. Swedish more favors SNS, Netbanking, and E-government. Germans favor Net searching and shopping and are close to the countries average. Figures 3 and 4 show the reasons for not-to-use ICT devices. Germans with negative ICT device attitude tend to think they do not need to use them. A negative attitude in the US is slightly close to having no instructor. Japanese negative attitude is close to readability problem and understanding device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information about several events organized at the 16th Workshop on Logic, Language, Information and Computation (WoLLIC 2009) that was held in Tokyo, Japan from June 21-24, 2009 is presented. The workshop featured several invitation talks by computation experts and mathematicians including Arnold Beckmann, Thomas Eiter, and Carsten Lutz.

Information about several papers discusses at the 13th International Conference on Low frequency Noise and Vibration and its Control held on October 21-23, 2009 in Tokyo, Japan is presented. Topics include on all the areas of low frequency and vibration. The conference featured several specialists on noise and vibration including Tetsuya Myazaki, Hiroshi Sato and Adam Smith.

Most economists examining the question of 'pollution havens' have concluded that the level of environmental regulation and activism in different states is not generally a significant determinant of international patterns of trade and foreign direct investment. This paper argues on the basis of extensive primary research that with respect to Japan's foreign direct investment during the 1970s, at any rate, this conclusion needs to be rethought. In the early 1970s, Japanese actors were remarkably forthright in ascribing their investment decisions to a desire to move polluting industry overseas. These statements allow us to examine 'pollution export' as a state strategy, a project advocated by industry organizations, and a response of individual firms to high levels of protest and regulation. The paper also traces the development of the Japanese debate over pollution export through the 1970s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information on several papers discussed at the 13th International Conference on Low Frequency Noise (LFN) and Vibration and its Control in Tokyo, Japan on October 20-23, 2008 is presented. Topics include the responses of people to LFN, the perception of LFN, and the problems caused by LFN. The conference featured several participants including Saiji Fukade, Yoshiyuki Maruta, and Setyamartana Parman.

Background: Acute cholecystitis (AC), frequently responsible for presentation to the emergency department, requires expedient diagnosis and definitive treatment by a general surgeon. Ultrasonography, usually performed by radiology technicians and reported by radiologists, is the first-line imaging study for the assessment of AC. Targeted point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS), particularly in the hands of the treating surgeon, may represent an evolution in surgical decision-making and may expedite care, reducing morbidity and cost. Methods: This consensus guideline was written under the auspices of the European Society of Trauma and Emergency Surgery (ESTES) by the POCUS working group. A systematic literature search identified relevant papers on the diagnosis and treatment of AC. Literature was critically-appraised according to the GRADE evidence-based guideline development method. Following a consensus conference at the European Congress of Trauma & Emergency Surgery (Valencia, Spain, May 2018), final recommendations were approved by the working group, using a modified e-Delphi process, and taking into account the level of evidence of the conclusion. Recommendations: We strongly recommend the use of ultrasound as the first-line imaging investigation for the diagnosis of AC; specifically, we recommend that POCUS may be adopted as the primary imaging adjunct to surgeon-performed assessment of the patient with suspected AC. In line with the Tokyo guidelines, we strongly recommend Murphy's sign, in conjunction with the presence of gallstones and/or wall thickening as diagnostic of AC in the correct clinical context. We conditionally recommend US as a preoperative predictor of difficulty of cholecystectomy. There is insufficient evidence to recommend contrast-enhanced ultrasound or Doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis of AC. We conditionally recommend the use of ultrasound to guide percutaneous cholecystostomy placement by appropriately-trained practitioners. Conclusions: Surgeons have recently embraced POCUS to expedite diagnosis of AC and provide rapid decision-making and early treatment, streamlining the patient pathway and thereby reducing costs and morbidity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ten years have passed since the first Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD) was held in 1993. Since then, TICAD II, HI, and Ministerial Level Meetings followed with each meeting producing either internationally agreed upon documents or action plans. There are many similar initiatives for development of African countries. In fact, cynics in and out of Africa castigate TICAD and other international initiatives as waste of time and energy because they have not been associated with any useful and concrete projects and the overall growth of Africa. This paper sets out to assess positive contributions that have been made by international initiatives including TICAD. The premise of this paper is that we are all in the game of globalization and development of Africa is a sub-game of globalization. Any game is played by the rules. Functions of international conferences for development could be defined in terms of setting development rules, guiding strategies and providing opportunities to build capacity for development. The paper examines what TICAD has offered to African countries as well as international community over ten years within this simple framework of analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this overview of the Symposium papers, we note that the bubble that occurred in Japan's asset markets in the late 1980s came at a time when the conventional indicators of Japan's economic performance were relatively stable. Following the collapse of the bubble, neither the Bank of Japan (BOJ) nor the Ministry of Finance (MOF) took timely and effective measures to deal with the recession that followed. While the evidence suggests that looser fiscal policy would have been ineffective, monetary policy measures might have worked. However, the BOJ followed a relatively tight monetary policy in 1991–93. In the face of the liquidity trap that ensued in the last of the 1990s, the conventional tools of stabilisation policy appeared to be of limited use. To help the Japanese economy to recover from the ‘lost decade,’ we thus discuss a number of unconventional and bold measures that the BOJ and MOF could pursue. It appears, however, that the political will is absent to undertake such measures. So long as this is the case, the effects of the lost decade will continue to act as a drag on the economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights the XXI International Conference on the Physics of Electronic and Atomic Collisions held at Sendai, Japan on July 22 to 27, 1999. Organizers of the conference; Issues discussed at the conference; Studies presented at the conference.

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Highlights the 35th Symposium on Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and Applications in Systems held in Tokyo, Japan on November 17-18, 2004. Topics discussed; Lecturers; Sponsors.

Information on the symposium "Biodiversity in Changing Coastal Waters of Tropical and Subtropical Asia" held in Reihoku-Amakusa, Japan from November 30 to December 3, 2012 is presented. The encouragement of the students and aspiring researchers for the engagement in scientific research on coastal marine biodiversity is one of the objectives of the symposium. The 84 presentations featured in the symposium covers diverse topics which include ecology, physiology, and taxonomy.

Presents information on the 10th International Symposium on Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics which was held in Tokyo, Japan on May 13-16, 2001. Sessions; Number of papers, lectures and panel presentations presented.

Introduces a series of articles which were presented in the PACLING conference on natural language processing held in Ohme, Japan, in September 1997.

An introduction to the journal is presented in which the editor discusses the 19th Ozone World Congress in Tokyo, Japan, the papers presented during the World Congress, and their plan to expand their publication regarding ozone.

Sonography is a simple, inexpensive, and non-invasive diagnostic modality. Although tissues behind bony structures and deep tissues are not delineated, sonography can depict superficial soft tissues very clearly. In the head and neck region, however, it has not yet been used widely, as the anatomical structures are complicated, and considerable experience is needed both to perform an examination and to make a diagnosis. To perform examinations efficiently, operators must be familiar with the sonographic system in use, and take images at standard planes. To make a correct diagnosis, operators require knowledge of the sonographic anatomy on standard planes, representative sonographic signs and artifacts, and common diseases and their typical sonographic findings. In this paper, we have explained the sonographic anatomy on standard planes, and the sonographic findings of common diseases in the oral and maxillofacial region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This special issue focuses on Discovery Science (DS), which is a scientific discipline on any discovery process that is mainly approached by computer science. DS first started as a national project in Japan involving more than 100 researchers in 1998 and the project gave birth to a series of international conferences on DS, which have been held successfully every year since 1998. The objective of this special issue is to provide a leading forum for timely, in-depth presentation of recent advances in algorithms, theories and applications in the field of DS. Seven papers, ranging in a spectrum from basic theoretical research to solid application research, are included in this special issue. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The authors explain the purpose and context for the 2009 International Symposium on Economic Education that was the source for articles on four nations with relatively developed systems for economic education: Australia, England, Japan, and Korea. The authors highlight several key comparisons from the four articles that appear in this Journal of Economic Education issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This Special Issue of the IEEE Journal of Solidstate Circuits highlights some of the best papers presented at the 33rd Symposium on VLSI Circuits, held on June 10–14, 2019, at Rihga Royal Hotel Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan. Industry and university engineers from all over the world reported innovative new techniques and state-of-the-art results. Articles presented covered a broad range of topics important to VLSI circuit and system designers, including topics also important to integrated circuit technology developers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the journal "High Temperatures -- High Pressures (HTHP)," being published by Old City Publishing. The authors extend their gratitude to their colleagues around the world who have agreed to serve. It states that the journal aims to serve the thermophysics community with publication of high-quality scientific and technical papers. Accordingly, the issue of the journal includes papers from the "8th Asian Thermophysical Properties Conference" held in Japan in August 2007.

Information about several papers discussed at the 29th National Conference of the Japanese Association for Asian Englishes (JAFAE) held on December 10, 2011 sponsored by Sugiyama Jogakuen University, Nagoya-shi, Japan on concept of English variation in Japan is presented. Topics include attitudes of Japanese learners of English and South Korean English education. The symposium featured various professors including Masakazu Iino, Peter Hassall and Reiko Takahashi.

The article summarises the regulatory and institutional framework governing nuclear activities in Japan. The frameworks were sourced from the papers which include the "Report of the Japanese Government to the IAEA Ministerial Conference on Nuclear Safety June 2011." A background on what transpired in Japan on March 11, 2011 is provided beginning from the earthquake that hit the eastern coast of Japan up to the fuel melting that occurred at the Fukushima Daiichi Power Plant.

The Japanese government provided various political opportunities for non-governmental groups and individuals in Japan to 'jointly propose' policy on education and sustainable development at the World Summit on Sustainable Development, Johannesburg, 2002. These opportunities resulted in the emergence of the Japanese education for sustainable development (ESD) movement, and the crystallisation of a broader proposal that led to the initiation of the UN Decade of ESD (2005-2014). In this paper, we trace the history of these two outcomes, arguing that the opportunities, developed through the coordination of non-governmental groups by government, took place within, rather than broadened or confronted, the government's scope of interests. While the paper illustrates how the government's continued support was crucial to the development of the ESD movement and the UN Decade, and the movement has met with considerable achievements thus far (via its collective challenges to conventional education in a sustainability context in Japan), we argue that recognition of the political opportunity structures that affect the movement's further development remains crucial. In particular, we argue for close attention to the significance of a corporatist framing of this emerging civil society movement in Japan by the national government, and call for further political and historical analysis of ESD movements and their relations with government, around the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information about topics discussed at the 13th International Conference on Low Frequency Noise and Vibration and its Control on October 21-23, 2008 in Tokyo, Japan is presented. Topics include the characteristics of infrasound radiated from the continuous short spans bridge, and low frequency noise caused by the self-excited combustion oscillation. The conference featured several specialists including Saiji Fukade, Tetsuya Myazaki, Yoshiyuki Maruta, and Hiroshi Sato.

Information about several topics discussed at the 13th International Conference on Low Frequency Noise and Vibration and its Control on October 23, 2008 in Tokyo, Japan is presented. It featured the presentation by Yoshiyuki Maruta, Geoff Leventhall, and Saiji Fukade. Fukade presented the characteristics of infrasound radiated from the continuous short spans bridge due to running trucks. Makuta discussed the problems arising from low frequency air vibration at duct. INSET: Newtown's too noisy.

Highlights the 18th Symposium of the International Association for Vehicle System Dynamics at Kanagawa Institute of Technology in Kanagawa, Japan on August 24-30, 2003. Companies and organizations that provide financial supports for the symposium; Poster and oral presentation.

In recent years, the research in the field of optimization has been very active in the Asia-Pacific region, particularly in China and Japan. To promote research activities further and bring significant impact on the development of research, the Second Japanese-Sino Optimization Meeting (JSOM2002) was held in Kyoto, Japan, on September 25-27, 2002. About 130 participants not only from Asia but also from North America and Europe attended the meeting and exchanged their ideas on the latest work in optimization and related areas. In response to our call-for-papers to a special issue for the meeting, a significant number of manuscripts were submitted for possible publication. After careful review, 17 papers have finally been accepted. Reflecting the wide scope of the meeting, these papers cover extremely diverse topics of theory and applications of methods in continuous optimization, discrete optimization, dynamic optimization, and stochastic optimization. They are published in this and the next issues of Optimization Methods & Software. We are thankful to all authors who submitted their papers to the special issue and all anonymous referees who kindly helped us by reviewing the manuscripts carefully. Last but not least, we are grateful to Oleg Burdakov for his constant and generous support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on several conventions related to systems research and behavioral science, including the 51st Annual Meeting of the International Society for the Systems Sciences to be held at Tokyo Institute of Technology in Japan from August 5 to 10, 2007, the 5th IIGSS Workshop to be held at Huazhong University of Science and Technology in China from June 14 to 17, and the ISOneWorld2007 Conference to be held in Las Vegas, Nevada from April 11 to 13.

Since its beginning in 1992 in Japan, International Symposium on Semiconductor Manufacturing (ISSM) has provided unique opportunities to share the best practices of semiconductor manufacturing technologies for professionals. At the symposiums, semiconductor manufacturing professionals discussed the technologies developed to meet the worldwide requirements for advanced manufacturing. It is becoming crucial to re-examine semiconductor manufacturing in terms of fundamental principles to improve the performance of semiconductor devices. Moreover, utilizing artificial intelligence technologies to improve semiconductor manufacturing have become a new challenge. These manufacturing technology challenges are showing the need for drastic revolutionary concept and stronger collaborative efforts to find solutions to the precompetitive challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reports on the International Symposium on Electron-Molecule Collisions and Swarms held on July 18 to 20, 1999 in Tokyo, Japan as a satellite meeting of the 21st International Conference on the Physics of Electronic and Atomic Collisions in Sendai, Japan on July 21 to 27, 1999. Highlights of the symposium; Information on the papers presented at the symposium regarding electron-molecule collisions; Posters presented at the symposium.

An foreword to "Microsystem Technologies" is presented.

The demand for less hostile and more humanitarian ways of caring for patients in health care institutions are becoming more widespread and accepted in Japan. In the city of Tsukuba, student groups are leading the way in developing ways in making hospital stays less stressful through arts programs. This paper is the result of direct participation, observation, and assistance by the hospitals, medical staff, and students who are organize hands-on projects and interactive art sessions designed to serve patients directly. The Arts in Hospital program is a useful tool in engaging community participation and communication among students and hospital staff. It provides a learning opportunity to students, and a creative outlet for patients on extended care. Active participation by students has a very positive impact on by giving them practical outlets to exercise their creativity and knowledge, while hospitals benefit through their service, which also cuts costs. Further research is needed to identify the direct benefit to patients, and the future prospects of arts-based hospital projects in Japan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the spread of COVID-19 throughout the world, almost all academic conferences have been forced to change their meeting styles. Although some were canceled or postponed, many conferences were held with the help of IT technologies. The ninth International Symposium on Electrical Insulating Materials (ISEIM 2020) was also held online from September 13 to 25, 2020, including an extended discussion period from September 18 to 25. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights the 1998 AVEC Symposium in the area of advanced vehicle control, held at the Nagoya Congress Center in Japan. Number of papers submitted; Target date and place for 2000 AVEC Symposium.

Information about several papers presented at the Seventh International Symposium on Bio-Proton induced X-Ray Emission (PIXE), held from October 30 to November 4, 2011, at the Katahira Sakura Hall and the Center Hall, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan, is presented. Topics discussed include nuclear microprobe analysis, ion beam microscopy and synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence (SR-XRF). It featured Tilo Reinert, Chris Ryan and Primoz Pelicon.

The article offers information on several conferences related to avian biology such as the 10th International Symposium on Avian Endocrinology (ISAE2012) of Avian Biology Research to be held at Gifu, Japan on June 5-9, 2012 and Construction and Function 2012 conference at the University of Lincoln in Lincoln, England to be held on September 10-12, 2012.

Information about the 17th International Symposium on Semiconductor Manufacturing held in Tokyo, Japan from October 27 to 29, 2008 is presented. Highlights include the discussion on the yield enhancement and clean technology, which has been considered an essential technical area of semiconductor manufacturing. Further, it was also said to have given emphasis on the new dry and wet combined equipment having the capacity of addressing the issues on process performance and cost-control.

Information about the twenty-second International Insulation in International Symposium on Discharge and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum (ISDEIV) which was held in Marsue, Japan on September 25-29, 2006 is presented. The symposium was hosted by the Vacuum Society of Japan. The conference was significantly altered to include developing vacuum microelectronics devices, surface modification technologies and other new vacuum plasma applications.

Information about different papers and posters on "Advanced Technology paths to Global Sustainability," discussed at the 2006 international conference of Renewable Energy in Chiba, Japan, is presented. The symposium focussed on different approaches to reduce emissions, pollution, wastes and the usage of alternative energy sources. The organizers stressed on the usage of renewable energy, which is the only green energy resource on earth.

Focuses on the Volume Graphics 2003 workshop held in the Centennial Hall, Tokyo Institute of Technology in Tokyo, Japan on July 7-8, 2003. Sponsors of the event; Information on the paper submissions which appeared in the workshop proceedings; Topic discussed by Chandrajit Bajaj from the University of Texas at Austin, Texas; Participants attracted by the event.

At present, for adults with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, two new analogues, entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir, are recommended as the first-line therapy by the EASL (European Association for the Study of the Liver), AASLD (American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases), and APASL (Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver) guidelines. The use of pegylated interferon-α (PEG IFN-α) is recommended as the first-line therapy instead of standard IFN-α according to the above 3 guidelines. In this paper, the aim was to assess: (1) the long-term efficacy and safety as well as the resistance to ETV and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF); (2) the efficacy of PEG IFN-α; (3) the role of combination therapy with IFN plus two analogues, such as lamivudine and ETV; (4) the efficacy and safety of two analogues with cirrhosis, and (5) suppression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by ETV and IFN treatment. The results are as follows: (1) both ETV and TDF showed long-term efficacy and safety; (2) PEG IFN-α resulted in a greater decline in HBV DNA levels and a higher rate of HBeAg seroconversion; (3) combination therapy with IFN plus two analogues did not elevate the rate of sustained responses; (4) both ETV and TDF showed efficacy and safety with cirrhosis (ETV especially displayed efficacy and safety with decompensated cirrhosis), and (5) suppression of HCC was observed by ETV and IFN. © 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Despite the importance of research in the discipline of nursing, current trends in nursing research have rarely been discussed across countries. The purpose of this article was to identify current trends in nursing research across five countries, including the United States, South Korea, Taiwan, Japan, and Hong Kong, in order to provide directions for future global nursing research. Organizing Construct: A discussion article. Methods: To identify the current trends, seven leaders from the five countries had discussions through a series of workshops and conference presentations. After the most recent conference, all the leaders reflected for a month on their presentations and compiled the exemplars and cases from their experience and the existing literature in individual countries into a table. The tables and supporting references were collected at the completion of the reflection period. Then, the PowerPoint (Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA, USA) slideshows of the conference presentations by the leaders and the collected tables were analyzed using a content analysis. Findings: Six themes reflecting the current trends in nursing research were extracted: (a) demographic alterations; (b) increasing diversities and globalization; (c) technology innovation; (d) individualized or personal care and population health initiatives; (e) health policies and regulations; and (f) nursing workforce changes. Conclusions: Future directions for nursing research across the countries were proposed: (a) cost‐effectiveness research; (b) implementation science; (c) data science; (d) training of the future generation of nurse researchers; (e) population health; and (f) team science. Clinical Relevance: This topic could be applied to any clinical settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]