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With the widespread use of computers, in the design world, rule-based design methods, which can work in harmony with computer logic and can be easily adapted to the computer environment, have come to the fore. It is possible to analyze the logic of a design made with the rule-based design method. It is even possible to change the design which is placed on the rule base by removing the rules, in the computer environment, or creating new designs with the same design logic. In this paper, a new hybrid model is proposed based on Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Analytic Network Process (IT2 FANP) and Interval Type-2 Fuzzy TOPSIS (IT2 Fuzzy TOPSIS) for the evaluation of store plan alternatives produced with rule-based design method. The IT2 FANP method is used to determine the weight of criteria determined by experts in the selection of store plan alternatives. Then, the IT2 Fuzzy TOPSIS method is used to obtain the ranking of alternatives with Interval Type-2 trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. The originality of the paper comes from the first-time usage of a hybrid approach based on IT2 FANP and IT2 Fuzzy TOPSIS methodology in the prioritizing of store plan alternatives produced with rule-based design method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper puts forward a new vertical-tunneling-attributed dual-material double-gate heterojunction-TFET (VTDMDG-HTFET). The device structure of VTDMDG-HTFET includes Si 0. 7 Ge 0. 3 material for the designing of source region. The mechanism of vertical tunneling in VTDMDG-HTFET provides superior electric field at tunneling interface and leads to improved transfer characteristics. VTDMDG-HTFET also includes metal gate work-function engineering approach to facilitate high ON-current and small OFF-current. Application of high- k dielectric material HfO˙2 in the form of gate oxide enhances the capacitive-coupling at channel-source interface. Moreover, the work includes the comparison of proposed VTDMDG-HTFET with the conventional vertical-tunneling based dual-material double-gate-TFET (VTDMDG-TFET). It has been observed from the simulation results that SiGe source-based VTDMDG-HTFET offers better DC characteristics in terms of superior ON-current, smaller OFF-current, steeper subthreshold-slope, lower threshold voltage, higher transconductance along with smaller drain-induced barrier-lowering (DIBL) effects as compared to its counterpart silicon-source-based VTDMDG-TFET. In this work, reliability of VTDMDG-HTFET has also been examined and compared with VTDMDG-TFET in terms of temperature sensitivity and effect of different interface trap charges. The device simulation and investigations have been carried out using technology computer aided design (TCAD) tool. Moreover, device circuit mixed-mode simulation analysis is carried out for conventional and proposed device based resistive load inverters. A comparison is performed between both the inverters in terms of prorogation delay and switching threshold voltages. Further, the mixed mode simulation analysis is also performed for the proposed device based inverter under the influence of different interface trap charges (ITCs). Study shows that reliability performance of the proposed device is better as compared to its counterpart conventional device. Hence, vertical tunneling and SiGe source-based VTDMDG-HTFET can be a better choice for various applications such as analog/RF, analog and digital electronic circuits, energy harvesting, gas-sensing and memory devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Design of intelligent research systems is considered as one of the most prominent developments in multi-modal information domains in our day-to-day life. While significant growth in computer-aided English teaching methods (CAETMs) has made a progression over the past few years using techniques such as computational intelligence, biological computing aspects within the artificial intelligence domain. All the research in English teaching structures has been automated through online cloud-based applications and progressing at a rapid rate. But there are still a number of subjects that need to be explored in terms of its design, implementation, deployment of intelligent methods, and multi-agent systems in a real-world environment. However establishing teaching research subjects with novel techniques and methodologies utilized in computer vision in support of deep learning, semantic models in healthcare, organizations, and education sector are in need of further research with innovative and creative ideas. This paper will provide the emerging CAETM that solved the global needs of people in the educational domain. We will also discuss the improvements that need to be done in English teaching methods with digital computing solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microfluidic biochips are extensively utilized in biochemistry procedures due to their low cost, high precision and efficiency when compared to traditional laboratory procedures. Recent, computer-aided design (CAD) techniques enable a high performance in digital microfluidic biochip design. A key part in digital microfluidic biochip CAD design is the biochip placement procedure which determines the physical location for biological reactions during the physical design. For the biochip physical design, multiple objects need to be considered, such as the size of the chip and the total operation time. In this paper, a multi-objective optimization is proposed based on Markov decision processes (MDPs). The proposed method is evaluated on a set of standard biochip benchmarks. Compared to existing works, experimental results show that the total operation time, the capacity for routing and the chip size can be optimized simultaneously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a developed structure for DC–DC quasi-Z-source (QZS) converters is proposed. First, the proposed two-stage structure is presented and analyzed. Then, the proposed structure is extended to n stages and its relations are calculated. Compared with other conventional structures, the proposed structure has higher voltage gain and higher reliability. The proposed topology is suitable for high power applications. To have the correct performance of conventional QZS converter, all impedance network elements must be intact. In the case of small failure in one of the elements, the operation of the whole system is disrupted. The proposed structure has high reliability because when one stage fails, the fault management system separates that stage from the other stages and the remaining stages continue to transmit power. In this paper, in addition to analyzing the operation of the proposed converter in different operating modes, calculations of voltage gain, voltage stresses across capacitors and reliability analysis are also presented. Reliability is calculated according to well-known Markov model. Moreover, a comprehensive comparison in terms of voltage gain and reliability is made between the proposed converter and the other conventional structures. Also, the rating values of inductors and capacitors are designed. Finally, experimental and simulation results are presented by using power system computer-aided design (PSCAD) software to verify the theories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dynamic Partial Reconfiguration (DPR) on Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) allows reconfiguration of some of the logic at runtime while the rest of the logic keeps operating. This feature allows the designers to build complex systems such as Software-Defined Radio (SDR) in a reasonable area. New issues can arise due to usage of DPR technique such as guaranteeing proper connections for the ports of the Reconfigurable Modules (RMs) which share the same Reconfigurable Region (RR) on the FPGA, waiting for running computations on a module before reconfiguring it, isolation of the reconfigurable modules during the reconfiguration process, and initialization of the reconfigurable module after the reconfiguration process is done. Also, the Clock Domain Crossing (CDC) verification of the dynamically reconfigurable systems is a complicated task due to the need to verify all the modes of the designs, and the lack of Computer Aided Design (CAD) tools support for DRS designs. This paper summarizes our previous work to address these verification challenges for DPR. The approaches are demonstrated on a SDR system to show the effectiveness of applying these approaches in the design cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the Double gate Graphene Nano-ribbon Tunnel Field-Effect Transistor (DG GNR TFET) for bio-sensing applications. The biomolecules are Streptavidin, APTES, Biotin, DNA and protein. Differentiation between biomolecules is possible based on dielectric permittivity and charge concentration. The protein switching ratio ( I ON / I OFF ) is 25.7 times that of Streptavidin and around 300 times that without any biomolecule in the cavity. The maximum current sensitivity among the biomolecules is achieved by protein biomolecule for VGS = 0.7 V. The sub-threshold swing obtained for a biomolecule in DG GNR TFET is 40 mV/dec compared to that of 80 mV/dec for an empty cavity. The device characteristics reveal that the drain current is maximum with a biomolecule in a cavity compared to an empty cavity. Results obtained emphasize that double gate Graphene Nano-Ribbon TFET is suitable as a biosensor. The simulations are executed using Silvaco Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD). Bio-molecular identification is based on dielectric constant values, utilizing a double-gate graphene nano-ribbon TFET-based device. This device employs two nanocavities (NCs) and a dual metal gate positioned below the two gate electrodes to increase detecting sensitivity. Dielectric values of biomolecules vary the electric field in the transistor, which alters the drain current. This change in drain current can be tabulated and used to detect a particular type of biomolecule. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite its important existing challenges, quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) is one of the promising replacement candidates of the traditional VLSI technology. Practical implementation issues such as fault tolerance and lack of customized CAD tools and algorithms for automatic synthesis of large complex systems are some important instances of QCA circuit design challenges. Currently, most of the research papers focus only on development of individually efficient QCA gates and circuits in terms of only their physical properties such as area and delay. However, throughout this paper, it is demonstrated that these compressed and fast individual QCA gates and circuits cause serious concerns when they are exploited as building blocks in modular design of higher level complex circuits. Some simple but effective design rules are then emphasized to solve this problem by preserving the 'modular design efficiency' of the developed underlying QCA gates and circuits. As a case study, two new instances of fault-tolerant QCA XOR gates are introduced which are designed by simultaneously considering both area/delay and modular design efficiency rules. A wide range of numerical experiments are provided throughout the paper to prove the priority of the proposed gates with respect to eight other samples of the most efficient existing XOR structures, when exploiting them to build more complex circuits such as adders and error detection/correction circuits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, model order reduction (MOR) of interconnect system has become an important technique to reduce the computation complexity and improve the verification efficiency in the nanometer VLSI design. The Krylov subspaces techniques in existing MOR methods are efficient, and have become the methods of choice for generating small-scale macro-models of the large-scale multi-port RCL networks that arise in VLSI interconnect analysis. Although the Krylov subspace projection-based MOR methods have been widely studied over the past decade in the electrical computer-aided design community, all of them do not provide a best optimal solution in a given order. In this paper, a minimum norm least-squares solution for MOR by Krylov subspace methods is proposed. The method is based on generalized inverse (or pseudo-inverse) theory. This enables a new criterion for MOR-based Krylov subspace projection methods. Two numerical examples are used to test the PRIMA method based on the method proposed in this paper as a standard model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper designs a visual 3D CAD framework based on Vega Prime/Creator. This framework solves problems such as the customization of Vega Prime application class, establishment of multichannel and multi-view scenes, transmitting method of plenty of view pointers, management of data with diversified source, multithreading communication, movement of the model and its view point controlling. In the end, this paper developed a real-time interactive CAD system using this framework, which verifies the validity of the framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a finite element analysis (FEA) has been used for the design of horn with different Bezier profiles for rotary ultrasonic machine (RUM). First, for validation, the results are compared with available literature. FEA-based MATLAB code is developed for finding the stress components, axial amplitude, and resonance frequency over the domain of horn with different Bezier profiles. In domain of horn with different Bezier profiles, the component of stresses is studied and found that the stress generated is within the endurance strength of the selected material. The amplification of the proposed horns is 24%, and 18% higher than the traditional linear Bezier horn with same length and diameters of surface end. For RUM, effect of inertia (self-weight or gravity of horn) on domain has been studied for horn with different Bezier profiles using FEA. The effect of tool shape and size on the stress distribution for horn have also been studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Supercomputing Cloud Platform (SCP) provides a simple online Web way for computer aided engineering (CAE) simulation on supercomputer 'Tianhe No.1.' We develop SCP prototype by using service-oriented architecture (SOA). Fuzzy colored Petri nets (FCPN) is selected as the automatic combination technology for the Ontology Web Language for Services (OWL-S) in our SCP. To build the dependency relation graphs among Web services in our SCP, we put forward some definitions of semantic threshold similarity for Web services. Based on these definitions, we propose a generation algorithm to build the FCPN dependency relation graph based on semantic similarity of Web services, and analyze an example about this algorithm. Also, we design an algorithm to simplify the FCPN dependency relation graph for fast responding the user's requirements. The research works of this paper (SCP prototype) have been applied in real world, and we show the engineering design and application at the end. We will further research the service verification, transaction model and exception recovery mechanism in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Computerized tongue diagnosis can make use of a number of pathological features of the tongue. To date, there have been few computerized applications that focus on the very commonly used and distinctive diagnostic and textural features of the tongue, Fungiform Papillae Hyperplasia (FPH). In this paper, we propose a computer-aided system for identifying the presence or absence of FPH. We first define and partition a region of interest (ROI) for texture acquisition. After preprocessing for detection and removal of reflective points, a set of 2D Gabor filter banks is used to extract and represent textural features. Then, we apply the Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) to identify the data sets from the tongue image database. The experimental results reasonably demonstrate the effectiveness of the method described in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents finite element-based numerical simulation and performance analysis of dual and single gate pentacene-based organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) using technology computer-aided design (TCAD) tools. Electrical characteristics of the devices have been simulated using 2D numerical device simulation software ATLAS™ from Silvaco International. Also, device parameters like threshold voltage, mobility, transconductance, subthreshold swing and current on/off ratio of the single and dual gate OTFTs have been extracted and compared. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a new design and manufacture paradigm, Cloud-Based Collaborative Design (CBCD) has motivated designers to outsource their product data and design computation onto the cloud service. Despite non-negligible benefits of CBCD, there are potential security threats for the outsourced product data, such as intellectual property, design intentions and private identity, which has become an interest point. This paper presents a novel secure product data exchange (PDE) in the processes of CBCD. Different from general cloud security mechanism, our method is content-based. We first show an outline of the collaborative scenario to describe the architecture of the proposed secure CBCD, in which a security mechanism is combined with the data exchange service to achieve secure PDE. Second, we present a novel grid-based geometric deformation method for the security mechanism with three processes: the original shapes of a source Computer Aided Design (CAD) model can be hidden by deforming the control grid; then the deformed grid can be exchanged to target system where a deformed target CAD model can be reconstructed; at last, the deformed target CAD model can be recovered to the original shape after recovering the deformed grid. Finally, typical CAD model tests demonstrate that our method can keep the sensitive information of source model and also maintain the same level of data exchange error. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A knowledge-based intelligent die design system for automotive panels is developed by UG software platform. This system can accomplish design intelligently and automatically through engineering rules in the knowledge base. The framework and implementation of the system are discussed. Finally, a case study of the panel die design of car trunk in the system is implemented, which illustrates working process, working principle, implement method and practicability of the system, and validates the advanced design conception proposed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes model transformation for analyzing dynamic behavior of large-scale systems. The Unified Modeling Language (UML) based system model is transformed into the Colored Petri Nets (CPN) model, which is used for analyzing the scenarios of the use cases of a system and checking freedom of system deadlock at an early stage of software development. The CPN model that is executable is hierarchically structured on the basis of the functional decomposition of a large-scale system. The UML-based system model consisting of the use case model, class model and collaboration model is not executable so that the dynamic behavior of the system cannot be analyzed until implementation of the system. However, the UML-based system model has no hierarchical structure to be transformed into the hierarchical CPN model as well. The discrepancies of dynamic and structural views in the two models are resolved by transformation of the UML model into the layered, executable CPN model with three layers — the use case layer, object layer and operation layer. The model transformation is carried out using relationships among the use case model, class model, and collaboration model of the UML. With the executable CPN model transformed, the dynamic properties of the system are analyzed using the simulation technique, occurrence graph, and state space report provided by the Design/CPN tool. The approach in this paper is validated through two case studies — the gas station system and the distributed factory automation system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is concerned with "open kernel" geometric modelling systems for mixed-dimensional cellular objects. Concepts from topology, differential geometry and computer aided geometric design are used to improve the foundation of the recently described Djinn Application Programming Interface (API) to a geometric modelling kernel. The proposed alternatives are provided with formal definitions that are imperative for the construction of robust software and the integrity of data transfer. The concepts of this paper also should aid the development of alternative geometric modelling systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes a highly efficient broadband second-harmonic generator in the mid infrared region using an isotropic reverse tapered semiconductor slab configuration, using fractional total internal reflection quasi-phase matching technique. A computer aided simulation has been performed using ZnTe as the nonlinear material which provides an extremely high conversion efficiency of 22.94% with a 3dB bandwidth of 200nm. Effect of varying the slab dimensions on the performance parameters has also been analyzed. Finally, the catastrophic effect caused by destructive interference due to nonlinear law of reflection has also been incorporated in the analysis thereby giving more accurate results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a set of computer-aided tools for problem analysis in the software development process. Jackson's problem diagrams are used to model the problem owners' needs and relevant contexts for the software to be built. An algorithm based on three classes of rules is provided for the systematic transformation of these models into behavioral descriptions of the software. This work is part of our long-term research efforts aiming at embedding and empirically evaluating Jackson's Problem Frames framework (PF) in requirements engineering practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper considers a kind of design of a ruled surface. The design interconnects some concepts from the fields of computer-aided geometric design (CAGD) and kinematics. Dual unit spherical Bézier-like curves on the dual unit sphere (DUS) are obtained by a novel method with respect to the control points. A dual unit spherical Bézier-like curve corresponds to a ruled surface by using Study's transference principle and closed ruled surfaces are determined via control points and also, integral invariants of these surfaces are investigated. Finally, the results are illustrated by several examples and the motion interpolation was shown as an embodiment of this method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a new software tool, namely RoboClass, to include and manage realistic robots and elements of the environment in Matlab simulations. These elements are loaded from CAD models using an STL-file and can be as detailed as desired. All the steps involved in the process are explained in detail. Furthermore, two illustrative examples are considered to show the effectiveness and versatility of the proposed approach: the ABB-IRB120 industrial robot and the CSA research robot. The developed tool is especially useful both for robotics research and teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the ramification problem in the setting of spatial xml data. Standard solutions from the literature on reasoning about action are inadequate because they cannot capture integrity constraints in spatial data. In this paper, we provide a solution to the ramification problem based on situation calculus. We present a tool that connects the theoretical results with the practical considerations, by producing the User Interface in C# in order to address the ramification problem in spatial XML file in specific time period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowledge of the inertial parameters of a humanoid robot is crucial for the development of model-based controllers or realistic simulation and motion planning in dynamic situations. Inertial parameters are usually provided from CAD data and thus are inaccurate especially if the robot is modified over time. Recent results showed that the inertial parameters specific to each robot can be identified using the external ground reaction forces and moments. However, the identification accuracy intrinsically depends on the excitation properties of the recorded motion and of the system's specific level of measurement artefact/noise. In this paper, a new method for obtaining a system's specific pseudo-online optimal set of optimal exciting motions (OEM) is proposed. This method is based on a real-time balance controller and on an optimization process to generate OEM while handling mechanical constraints. The method was experimentally validated with an NAO humanoid robot and a laboratory grade force-plate. The method shows a reduction of 1.6 times in average of the RMS difference between measured external ground reaction forces and moments and their estimates from CAD data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In conventional 3D NURBS-based isogeometric analysis (IGA), it is required to generate a discretized 3D model from the imported CAD model. Since a CAD file only contains surface information of the 3D object, generation of 3D mesh and trivariate basis functions are required for the IGA. In CAD system, the Boolean difference operation, so-called "trimming" is frequently employed for creating complex objects. To directly utilize the trimming information into analysis, trimmed elements need to be defined and their integration schemes are also needed. In this paper, trimmed elements searching, classification, decomposition and integration rules are presented. In the process, seven types of generalized trimmed elements are defined. Since covering all possible 3D geometries is not possible, three out of seven types of trimmed elements formed by extrusion are treated. The decomposition rule of trimmed elements is introduced and curved tetrahedral cells are adopted to integrate the trimmed elements. For numerical integration of curved tetrahedral cells, 3D NEFEM-like integration scheme has been developed. For the demonstration of the usage of the developed elements, two numerical examples of trimmed volume are treated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the advancement in computer technology, the use of 3D virtual mannequin has mostly replaced the use of physical mannequin in the fashion industry. This paper reviews current interaction frameworks of 3D human body modeling for interactive fashion design and an optimized interaction framework is provided. Four methods are used in this study to collect the human body data to create the 3D body model: photograph-based method, laser scan method, feature curve method and combined method. The crafted garment modeling could be used for garment fitting and 2D pattern flattening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Automation of diagnosis process in medical imaging using various computer-aided techniques is a leading topic of research. Among many computer-aided methods, nonlinear entropies are widely applied in the development of automated algorithms to diagnose abnormalities present in medical images. The use of entropy features in development of Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) may enhance the accuracy of the system. Entropy features depict the nonlinearity of images and thereby the presence of complexity in the images. Various types of entropies have been employed in medical image analysis for automated diagnosis of abnormalities present in the images. This paper focuses on the diverse types of entropies employed in the development of CAD systems for the diagnosis of abnormalities in the medical images. In addition to the diagnosis, these entropies can be used to differentiate the images based on the severity of the abnormalities and for other biomedical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we analyze the effects of temperature dependence of energy bandgap on characteristics in some carbon nanotube field effect transistors (CNTFETs) models proposed in literature in order to identify the one more suitable for computer aided design (CAD) applications. At first we consider a compact, semi-empirical model, already proposed by us, performing characteristic simulations at different temperatures. Our results are compared with those obtained with the Stanford-Source virtual carbon nanotube field-effect transistor model (VS-CNFET), obtaining characteristics comparable, but with lower CPU calculation time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tight time-to-market pressure requires CAD tools to heavily involve component reuse, or intellectual property (IP) reuse, which imposes intense security concerns on IP protection. For the IP providers, it is critical to protect their products against unauthorized reproduction. Thus, circuit layout fingerprinting becomes quite important which helps the IP providers to detect which user distributes the illegal IPs. However, previous works addressing the circuit fingerprinting all have large area and runtime overhead. In this paper, a novel efficient discrete wavelet transform (DWT)-based key sensitive circuit layout fingerprinting technique using chaotic system is proposed. The new circuit layout fingerprinting technique targets to be applied after placement and routing, while before fabrication. Thus, it only slightly impacts the original design and introduces small runtime overhead as well. To further enhance the security, the chaotic system based on Fibonacci trans-formation is integrated. The experimental results demonstrate that our chaotic DWT-based technique largely outperforms a median-based technique for various attacks. The chaotic DWT-based technique improves the detection error rate by 68.5% for the gate swapping attack, by 65.8% for the random perturbation attack, by 54.8% for the partition-based perturbation attack and by 54.5% for the combined perturbation attack. In addition, the average wirelength overhead is only 0.0149% compared to the original design and the average runtime overhead is only 6.73 s. These demonstrate the effectiveness of our circuit layout fingerprinting technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analogous to the quartic B-splines curve, a piecewise quartic trigonometric polynomial B-spline curve with two shape parameters is presented in this paper. Each curve segment is generated by three consecutive control points. The given curve posses many properties of the B-spline curve. These curves are closer to the control polygon than the different other curves considered in this paper, for different values of shape parameters for each curve. With the increase of the value of shape parameters, the curve approach to the control polygon. For nonuniform and uniform knot vector the given curves have C0, G3; C1, G3; C1, G7; and C3 continuity for different choice of shape parameters. A quartic trigonometric Bézier curves are also introduced as a special case of the given trigonometric spline curves. A comparison of quartic trigonometric polynomial curve is made with different other curves. In the last, quartic trigonometric spline surfaces with two shape parameters are constructed. They have most properties of the corresponding curves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Assembly sequence planning of a product involves several steps, including generation of precedence constraints, generation of assembly sequences, and selection of assembly sequences. Generation and selection of assembly sequences should be able to guarantee the feasibility of assembly. Assembly will be feasible if there is no collision between components when assembled. Detection of collision-free path of assembly can be done in an automated way. There are a number of collision detection methods that have been developed, but the method requires a complicated process of data geometry analysis. This paper proposes a method for detecting a collision-free path of the assembly component in a more simple way. Geometrical data required, taken from the three-dimensional (3D) solid drawing in the form of stacked drawing in computer-aided design (CAD) systems. Retrieval of geometrical data of components and detection of the collision-free path of an assembly were done in an automated way, directly from the CAD system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper develops a computer-aided process simulation model (CPSM) to navigate value chain reconfiguration. The model uses a three-layered methodology incorporating the principle of knowledge-integrated traceability (KIT) to create more efficient performance measures and provides a rigorous and stepwise clustered module structure that will act as a guideline for all entities decision makers are involved. The model is based on three kinds of mature toolsets variable. First, an in-depth interview of a group of experts makes the BSC (Balanced Scorecard) KIT model along with AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) technique into an integrated AHP-BSC structure. Second, internal validation of core propositions during CPSM development is then used to construct an account both qualitative and quantitative decision factors in the best delivery causality diagram of theory-building mode. Defining the KIT of toolset variables into two specific themes allows a practical hierarchy for AHP-BSC structure to be evaluated without excessive computation barriers, and the systems thinking archetype of strategic activities in the ARIS-EPCs (Architecture of Integrated Information System/extending Event-driven Process Chains) architecture delivers the validity and reliability of research methodology as validation model of CPSM development. Third, the hybrid ST-ARIS (System Thinking) simulation model is constructed based on the feasibility test of relevant decision factors whether or not KPI (Key Performance Indicator) could be measured. The reconfiguration provides new insights for contributing to the foundations to link the process capability of the value chain with the three-layered methodology, and emphasises the CPSM development by highlighting a specific approach associated with KIT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper developed a quality check system for digital model based on knowledge engineering and explained the frame construction of the check system. The workflow and rules of digital model check were expressed in detail by bringing in knowledge engineering. Digital model quality check process was divided into five steps: system environment check, general data check, entity model check, assembly model check, and engineering drawing check. This Check System will contribute to collecting data from high-qualified models and supporting the product for designing and manufacturing. Finally, a case was employed to demonstrate the efficiency and feasibility of the quality check system for digital models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapid Prototype (RP) manufacturing has been widely used in many industries, including prototype fabrication, product assembly testing, mechanism interference testing, and rapid tooling. Researchers have been focusing on the RP applications for functional part fabrication in recent years. One of the most challenging research topics in RP is Rapid Prototype fabrication, particularly with graded material objects. Graded material means that the material's composition is changed according to the area of the object. The graded material object model includes the typical part geometric information and the heterogeneous material information that forms a more complicated object model. This research developed a heterogeneous object model, which was implemented on a software program. Results show that the heterogeneous model contains material grading information as well as geometry information. Two examples are included for the material composition distribution at the end of this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All Rapid Prototyping and CNC material removal processes use information which is extracted from a CAD system. There are several ways to convert CAD data into usable manufacturing information. In this paper, five methods of translating CAD data into a usable manufacturing format are explained. These five methods are data translation from CAD files in STL, DXF, STEP-NC, and IGES formats as well as a platform-dependent area method of manufacturing information in a desirable format. For each method, algorithms and details about the CAD data translation into usable manufacturing and prototyping processes formats are presented. Finally, applications of each approach and its pros and cons are summarized in a table. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High speed interactive virtual reality (VR) exploration of scientific datasets is a challenge when the visualization is computationally expensive. This paper presents a point-based remote visualization pipeline for real-time virtual reality (VR) with asynchronous client-server coupling. Steered by the client-end frustum request, the remote server samples the original dataset into 3D point samples and sends them back to the client for view updating. From every view updating frame, the client incrementally builds up a point-based geometry under an octree-based space partition hierarchy. At every view-reconstruction frame, the client continuously splats the available points onto the screen with efficient occlusion culling and view-dependent level of detail (LOD) control. An experimental visualization framework with a server-end computer cluster and a client-end head-tracked autostereo VR desktop display is used to visualize large-scale mesh datasets and ray-traced 4D Julia set datasets. The overall performance of the VR view reconstruction is about 15 fps and independent of the original dataset complexity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a novel design procedure for class DE amplifier. And design curves of class DE amplifier with switch on resistance as functions of output Q, duty ratio, and load resistance are clarified. The feature of the proposed design procedure is that the waveform equations are never required. The design procedure requires only circuit equations and the design specifications. When circuit equations are derived, the other procedures for computations of design values are carried out with aid of computer. Therefore, it is possible to design class DE amplifier at any conditions, namely, at any output Q, any duty ratio, any switch on resistance and so on. By carrying out the circuit experiments, we denote that the experimental results agree with the calculation results quantitatively, and show the validity of the proposed design procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The successful adaptation and optimization of existing designs play an important role in the design of high speed machinery. Adaptation and extension of existing design principles to achieve some new functional or performance requirement is imperative for the development of the next generation of machines. In addition to this, continual improvement and optimization of existing designs are necessary to sustain a product's commercial success. Where complex mechanical systems are considered such design activities usually require the application of advanced simulation packages or intelligent CAD systems. The widespread utilization of such techniques, for all but the largest enterprises, is severely frustrated by the considerable level of resources required in order to retain a single, proficient user. These resources include extensive initial training as well as ongoing courses, the purchase of commercial licenses and more often than not, the considerable time and effort necessary for the creation and development of complex computer based models. As a consequence, many SMEs demand reliable, efficient and economical methods to generate simulation models for analysis and investigation. One method for delivering this is to provide an approach for the automatic creation of simulation models from data describing an existing design. Such an approach can reduce costs and resources as well as expedite the model building process. This paper presents a method for automatically generating a representative CAD model of a mechanical system. It supports the transformation of digital images into kinematic models for simulation and analysis. The method integrates motion analysis techniques, a parametric description of mechanical systems and a constraint-based CAD system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this paper is to demonstrate the application of the algorithmic analysis of hybrid systems to idle speed control. This problem can be formulated as to design a safety hybrid controller. In principle, such controllers can be derived from the maximal invariant set. It is, however, hard to compute this set for a nonlinear hybrid system with both continuous control and disturbance inputs. We propose to use a class of piecewise constant control functions, which allows to develop an effective synthesis algorithm based on reachability computations. In addition, we show how assume-guarantee reasoning from automatic verification can be used to reduce the computational complexity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current repairing process for worn-out blades and blisks of aeroengines and industrial gas turbines is highly manual, labor experience-based and hence error-prone. It requires more sophisticated CNC-driven laser equipment to replace manual welding for the repair. This paper presents an innovative strategy that will lead to the automation of laser welding and cladding. The project makes use of reverse engineering techniques to capture the geometric shape of the broken area by a digitized point cloud and nominal geometry. The core software technologies include four aspects: (i) point-to-surface-best-fitting technology that puts the point cloud coordinate system nominal CAD coordinate system, (ii) a procedure to extract a broken boundary that automatically separates the broken area and the unbroken area, (iii) geometric model representation for the broken area, and (iv) generation of a STL file to drive CNC laser machine. The tool has been implemented with UG API. Some experimental results have shown that the presented strategy is efficient for repair automation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditionally, magnetic component design has been based on power frequency transformers with sinusoidal excitation. However, the movement towards higher density integrated circuits means that reductions in the size of magnetic components must be achieved by operating at higher frequencies, mainly through nonsinusoidal switching circuits. As this trend continues, computing tools are required to carry out designs of magnetic components that also allow evaluation of the high frequency losses in these components. A computer design package is described here that implements a robust transformer design methodology allowing customizable transformer geometries. The concept of a critical frequency is a vital part of this methodology. In addition, the winding choice at high frequencies is optimized to give the most accurate results for the best possible speed. This paper includes a description of the software design processes used and describes the main aspects that were incorporated into the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces a novel framework that automates and accelerates the development of embedded Field Programmable Gate Arrays (eFPGAs). The proposed solution is considered as the first environment for tree-based eFPGA implementation including software, hardware and loader. The developed framework allows users to generate eFPGA architecture in the form of hardware description language using Physical Design Flow (PDF) tool. It is a powerful tool that can produce a wide variety of designs ranging from small eFPGA to complex eFPGA. The bit file description of practical application is done in parallel, simultaneously and rapidly by the suggested Computer Aided Design (CAD) tools. The Loader, called Multi-Level Loader (MLL), is also provided to inject the bits into the corresponding SRAMs. Our framework is widely explored by modifying the data width. This research proves that data width equal to 17 has the best trade-off between performance, area and static power. However, it is penalized for buses having data length greater than 32. The experimentation demonstrates that a data width equal to 12 is the best for a 32-bit bus. Automation and significant acceleration of the eFPGA development cycle are also achieved in this study. A set of bench-marking applications with various multi-use purposes is mapped. The experimental results show the efficiency and flexibility of the proposed framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work is concerned with the study of the kinematic-geometry of a special kind of tube surfaces, so-called sweeping surface in Euclidean 3-space 3 . It is generated by a plane curve moving through space such that the movement of any point on the surface is always orthogonal to the plane. In particular, the type-2 Bishop frame is considered and some important theorems are obtained. Also, the problem of singularity and convexity of such sweeping surface is discussed. Finally, an application is presented and plotted using computer aided geometric design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we describe a recognition method of lung nodule shadows in X-ray CT images using 3-dimensional nodule and blood vessel models. From these 3D object models, artificial CT images are generated as templates. The templates are then applied to input images which comprise of suspicious shadows. If any parameters of the suspicious shadow matches a nodule template rather than any blood vessel template, then it is determined to be abnormal. Otherwise, it is determined to be normal. By applying our new method to the actual lung CT images of 38 patients, the false positive ratio is reduced to 4.31 [shadow/patient] with the sensitivity exceeding 95%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, power is a dominant factor that constrains highly integrated hardware-systems designs. The implied problems of high power density, causing chip overheating, or limited power source in modern Internet-of-Things devices are most commonly dealt with the use of the dynamic power management. This method enables to use power-reduction techniques, such as clock gating, power gating, or voltage and frequency scaling. Since the adoption of power management is quite difficult in modern complex systems, there are new approaches evolving intended to simplify power-constrained systems design. We have also proposed such an approach, utilizing the system level of design abstraction and increased automation in the design process. In this paper, the proposed hybrid verification approach is described that represents an integral part of the suggested design methodology. It consists of formal and informal techniques, enabling the verification process to begin at the very early specification stage of the system development. Our approach helps a designer to create correct and consistent power-management specification and verifies whether the specified power intent is preserved after design refinement. The continuous automated verification steps can quickly find errors at early design stages and thus reduce the amount of design re-spins, which speeds-up the overall development process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A significant curve modeling technique has been introduced with a view to its applications in geometric modeling, computer graphics and computer-aided design. It is a new spline method using quadratic trigonometric functions with well-controlled shape influences of parameters introduced through geometric continuity of order two. The proposed curve model owns the best possible geometric properties such as convex hull, partition of unity, affine invariance and variation diminishing. A quadratic normally has three control points giving lesser flexibility to one piece of curve. However, a cubic has four control points giving higher flexibility to one piece of curve. In the proposed scheme, we have introduced a quadratic trigonometric with four control points. Thus, the proposed quadratic trigonometric has embedded geometric features of cubic/cubic trigonometric. The proposed spline method, constrained with Nu spline like GC2 smoothness, produces a quadratic trigonometric Nu spline (QTNS) with interesting shape control locally and globally. The method is helpful for a variety of shape effects, like point tension, interval tension or global tension. It also produces a quadratic trigonometric alternative to cubic/cubic trigonometric spline because of having four control points in its piecewise description. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study a model of generalized Dullin-Gottwald-Holm equation, depending on the power law nonlinearity, that derives a series of planar dynamical systems. The study of the traveling wave solutions for this model derives a planar Hamiltonian system. By investigating the dynamical behavior and bifurcation of solutions of the traveling wave system, we derive all possible exact explicit traveling wave solutions, under different parametric conditions. These results completely improve the study of traveling wave solutions to the mentioned model stated in [Biswas & Kara, 2010]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the equation of barotropic Friedmann-Robertson-Walker cosmologies. By using the method of dynamical systems, we obtain bifurcations of the phase portraits of the corresponding planar dynamical system. Corresponding to different level curves, we derive exact explicit parametric representations of bounded and unbounded solutions, such as periodic solutions, periodic peakon solutions, homoclinic and heteroclinic solutions and compacton solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, Ultra-Wideband (UWB) filters at 6–18 GHz are designed that can reduce undesired frequency responses at lower and upper frequency bands to less than − 20 dB. Arbitrary load impedances are considered in the design of these filters. The structure of these filters is the combination of microstrip band-pass filters and Defected Ground Structures (DGSs) with multiple sections. The optimum circuit dimensions are calculated using a computer code which implements the Least Mean Squares (LMS) optimization method. Two design examples are included to illustrate this method. In these examples, eight-section DGS structures are employed to eliminate the unwanted upper frequency band responses. To ensure the correct performance of the designed filters, they are analyzed using full-wave methods and fabrication and the results of the measurement or full-wave analysis shows good agreement with the results of the computer code and the circuit model simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abdomen related diseases are responsible of many deaths every year. These deaths can be reduced by early diagnosis of abdomen diseases. Computer aided diagnosis (CAD) can play vital role in early detection of diseases. Hence, a novel CAD is proposed in this paper that can diagnose abdomen diseases like Hepatocellular carcinoma, cysts and Calculi using statistical curvelet texture descriptors. The proposed CAD is divided into four stages: (a) Image segmentation using active contours, (b) feature extraction, (c) feature selection and (d) abdomen disease classification. The regions of interest (ROIs) are segmented from 120CT images using active contour models. The statistical features are extracted from segmented ROIs. Further, the classifiers are used to evaluate the ability of feature set in diagnosis various diseases of abdomen. The performance metrics indicates that the proposed CAD achieves accuracy of 87.9% using curvelet coefficient features and neural network as classifier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]