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2. WASP (Write a Scientific Paper) using Excel 9: Analysis of variance.
- Author
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Grech V
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- Biomedical Research education, Peer Review standards, Software, Analysis of Variance, Biostatistics methods, Medical Writing standards
- Abstract
Analysis of variance (ANOVA) may be required by researchers as an inferential statistical test when more than two means require comparison. This paper explains how to perform ANOVA in Microsoft Excel., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2018
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- View/download PDF
3. Freehand drawing activity: a comparison between tablet-finger vs paper&crayon throughout time.
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Paule Ruiz, MPuerto, Sánchez Santillán, Miguel, and Pérez-Pérez, Juan Ramón
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MOBILE apps , *MOTOR ability , *PORTABLE computers , *GRAPHIC arts , *PHYSIOLOGICAL adaptation , *DATA analysis , *RESEARCH funding , *DRAWING , *CLINICAL trials , *INTERVIEWING , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *CHI-squared test , *CREATIVE ability , *TEACHERS , *ONLINE education , *COLLEGE teacher attitudes , *ANALYSIS of variance , *STATISTICS , *COMPARATIVE studies , *VISUAL perception , *DATA analysis software , *CHILDREN - Abstract
The apps for drawing are present in our children's life. Nevertheless, little is known about the impact of mobile technology on the freehand drawing educational activity. There are few works which are contextualised within short periods of time, with teachers who are not theirs and, in some cases, outside the children's classroom. In this paper, we are focussed on the use of technology on freehand drawing activity. Thus, we have compared the graphics produced by 4- and 5-year-old children with paper&crayon in comparison with those with tablet-finger. Children made the drawings during a planned free-drawing activity, in their ordinary classrooms, with their teachers and during five sessions. Assessment of drawings has evidenced tablet feasibility for making graphics. Nevertheless, with the passing of time, quality of graphics (tablet-finger vs paper&crayons), are nearly matched, demonstrating the low impact level technology has on this activity. In addition, if drawings are analysed specifically according to ages, results have shown that both groups have to develop adaptation strategies of visual perceptual skills and fine motor skills for the touch screen in order to obtain the same quality in the drawings made on both support types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
4. Airborne power ultrasound for paper drying: an experimental study.
- Author
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Noori O'Connor, Zahra and Yagoobi, Jamal S.
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ULTRASONIC imaging , *FACTORIAL experiment designs , *PERMEABILITY measurement , *DOPPLER ultrasonography , *ANALYSIS of variance , *ENERGY consumption , *AIRBORNE-based remote sensing - Abstract
A novel approach for paper drying using airborne ultrasound technology is presented. A unique experimental setup is developed, and a systematic study is conducted using 23 factorial design of experiments and Analysis of Variance. Three controlling factors are considered in the experiments including the initial moisture content, basis weight and refining condition. The outcome of the experiments is compared to a previous work on direct-contact ultrasonic drying of paper. The results confirm that similar to direct-contact, for airborne ultrasonic drying, the basis weight/thickness of the sample is the most important factor in ultrasonic drying and it is followed by the effect of initial moisture content. Using linear regression model, a correlation for predicting the total time of ultrasonic drying is provided. Quality of the dried samples is evaluated, and the permeability measurements confirmed the effect of pore characteristics on ultrasonic drying. The analysis for energy consumption reveals that airborne ultrasonic drying is more efficient at higher moisture contents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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5. The effects of 16-weeks of prebiotic supplementation and aerobic exercise training on inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, uremic toxins, and the microbiota in pre-dialysis kidney patients: a randomized controlled trial-protocol paper
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Headley, Samuel A, Chapman, Donna J, Germain, Michael J, Evans, Elizabeth E, Hutchinson, Jasmin, Madsen, Karen L, Ikizler, Talat Alp, Miele, Emily M, Kirton, Kristyn, O’Neill, Elizabeth, Cornelius, Allen, Martin, Brian, Nindl, Bradley, and Vaziri, Nosratola D
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Sciences ,Cardiovascular ,Prevention ,Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities ,Clinical Research ,Kidney Disease ,6.1 Pharmaceuticals ,Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions ,Renal and urogenital ,Adult ,Aged ,Amylose ,Analysis of Variance ,Biomarkers ,Double-Blind Method ,Exercise ,Gastrointestinal Microbiome ,Humans ,Inflammation ,Kidney Failure ,Chronic ,Middle Aged ,Oxidative Stress ,Resistant Starch ,Zea mays ,Resistant starch ,Inflammatory markers ,Oxidative stress ,Uremic toxins ,Urology & Nephrology ,Clinical sciences ,Health services and systems ,Nursing - Abstract
BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by dysbiosis, elevated levels of uremic toxins, systemic inflammation, and increased markers of oxidative stress. These factors lead to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) which is common among CKD patients. Supplementation with high amylose maize resistant starch type 2 (RS-2) can change the composition of the gut microbiota, and reduce markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with end-stage renal disease. However, the impact of RS-2 supplementation has not been extensively studied in CKD patients not on dialysis. Aerobic exercise training lowers certain markers of inflammation in CKD patients. Whether combining aerobic training along with RS-2 supplementation has an additive effect on the aforementioned biomarkers in predialysis CKD patients has not been previously investigated.MethodsThe study is being conducted as a 16-week, double-blind, placebo controlled, parallel arm, randomized controlled trial. Sixty stage 3-4 CKD patients (ages of 30-75 years) are being randomized to one of four groups: RS-2 & usual care, RS-2 & aerobic exercise, placebo (cornstarch) & usual care and placebo & exercise. Patients attend four testing sessions: Two baseline (BL) sessions with follow up visits 8 (wk8) and 16 weeks (wk16) later. Fasting blood samples, resting brachial and central blood pressures, and arterial stiffness are collected at BL, wk8 and wk16. A stool sample is collected for analysis of microbial composition and peak oxygen uptake is assessed at BL and wk16. Blood samples will be assayed for p-cresyl sulphate and indoxyl sulphate, c-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, interleukin 10, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, malondialdehyde, 8-isoprostanes F2a, endothelin-1 and nitrate/nitrite. Following BL, subjects are randomized to their group. Individuals randomized to conditions involving exercise will attend three supervised moderate intensity (55-65% peak oxygen uptake) aerobic training sessions (treadmills, bikes or elliptical machine) per week for 16 weeks.DiscussionThis study has the potential to yield information about the effect of RS-2 supplementation on key biomarkers believed to impact upon the development of CVD in patients with CKD. We are examining whether there is an additive effect of exercise training and RS-2 supplementation on these key variables.Trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov Trial registration# NCT03689569 . 9/28/2018, retrospectively registered.
- Published
- 2020
6. Tensile Experiments on Adhesion Between Aluminium Profiles and Glass
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Nyberg, Svein Olav, Robbersmyr, Kjell G., Holm, Jan Andreas, Sanfilippo, Filippo, Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Prates, Raquel Oliveira, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Sanfilippo, Filippo, editor, Granmo, Ole-Christoffer, editor, Yayilgan, Sule Yildirim, editor, and Bajwa, Imran Sarwar, editor
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- 2022
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7. Intelligent Smart Waste Management Using Regression Analysis: An Empirical Study
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Rath, Abinash, Das Gupta, Ayan, Rohilla, Vinita, Balyan, Archana, Mann, Suman, Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Prates, Raquel Oliveira, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Balas, Valentina E., editor, Sinha, G. R., editor, Agarwal, Basant, editor, Sharma, Tarun Kumar, editor, Dadheech, Pankaj, editor, and Mahrishi, Mehul, editor
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- 2022
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8. Experimental study of paper drying with direct-contact ultrasound mechanism.
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Noori O'Connor, Zahra, Yagoobi, Jamal S., and Tilley, Burt S.
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TECHNOLOGICAL innovations , *ULTRASONIC effects , *FACTORIAL experiment designs , *ANALYSIS of variance , *SURFACE roughness , *GREEN technology - Abstract
A systematic-study is conducted using an innovative technology for paper drying by applying ultrasound mechanism. The advantages include greater energy efficiency, lower drying time and temperature, improvement of the product quality, and it is considered a green technology. The effects of initial moisture content, thickness, and refining condition are studied for different types of pulps (hardwood and softwood) using 23 factorial design of experiments. Analysis of Variance show that in the range of the studied parameters, thickness has the maximum effect on ultrasonic drying time followed by the initial moisture content. In addition, using a linear regression model, a relationships for the total time of drying is provided. The results confirmed that ultrasonic drying is more efficient at higher moisture content and higher thickness of the sample. These results are related to the structural characteristic of the samples such as porosity, pore distribution, and surface roughness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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9. Modeling of Insulation Paper Damage in the Assembly of a Solid Slot Winding
- Author
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Blaz Stefe and Marjan Jenko
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Analysis of variance ,breakdown voltage ,design for experiments ,design for manufacture ,dielectrics and electrical insulation ,extended additive model ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
Tight assembly of stator windings with no insulation paper damage is a manufacturing challenge. We evaluate different sets of parts according to the following parameters: magnet wire thickness, stator slot smoothness, length of the straight magnet wire after the slot end, and type and amount of insulation cap at the end of the slot. These parameters have discrete values with small differences between them. The damage criterion is the decrease of the insulation paper breakdown voltage after assembly/disassembly of parts, assembled in a small set of designed experiments. Parameter values, i.e., levels at individual experiments are set by an orthogonal experiment matrix. Repetition of each experiment provides statistical significance. Data analysis shows that the additive model alone is not sufficient due to the high correlation of the parameters' influences. We extend the model to include interparameter influences, which we model by adding a virtual parameter. The extended additive model generates parameter values that do not degrade the insulation paper breakdown voltage within the manufacturing process. These values are verified by repetitions of the control experiment.
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- 2020
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10. Measurement equivalence of the paper-based and electronic version of the Integrated Palliative care Outcome Scale (IPOS): A randomised crossover trial.
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Bolzani, Anna, Kupf, Sophie, Hodiamont, Farina, Burner-Fritsch, Isabel, Bausewein, Claudia, and Ramsenthaler, Christina
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RESEARCH , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *ANALYSIS of variance , *RESEARCH methodology evaluation , *AGE distribution , *RESEARCH methodology , *HEALTH outcome assessment , *COMPARATIVE studies , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *INTRACLASS correlation , *RESEARCH funding , *CROSSOVER trials , *STATISTICAL sampling , *STATISTICAL correlation , *PALLIATIVE treatment , *EVALUATION ,RESEARCH evaluation - Abstract
Background: The Integrated Palliative Care Outcome Scale (IPOS) validly and reliably measures symptoms and concerns of those receiving palliative care. Aim: To determine the equivalence of the paper version with an electronic version of the IPOS (eIPOS). Design: Multicentre randomised crossover trial (NCT03879668) with a within-subject comparison of the two modes (washout period 30 min). Setting/Participants: Convenience sample of specialist inpatient and palliative home care patients aged over 18 years with cancer and non-cancer conditions was recruited. Scores were compared using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), Bland-Altman plots and via a mixed-effects analysis of variance. Results: Fifty patients were randomised to complete paper-electronic (n = 24) and electronic-paper (n = 26) IPOS with median age 69 years (range 24–95), 56% male, 16% non-cancer. The ICCs showed very high concordance for the total score (ICC 0.99, 95% CI 0.98–1.00), lowest ICCs being observed for symptoms 'Appetite loss' and 'Drowsiness' (ICC 0.95, 95% CI 0.92–0.97). Nine of seventeen items had ICCs above 0.98, as did all subscales. No statistically significant mode, order, age, and interaction effects were observed for IPOS total score and subscales, except for 'Communication' (Fmode = 5.9, p = 0.019). Fifty-eight percent preferred the electronic version. In the group 75+ years, 53% preferred the paper version. Only three entries in the free-text main problems differed between the versions. Conclusion: The very high equivalence in scores and free text between the IPOS and the eIPOS demonstrates that eIPOS is feasible and reliable in an older palliative population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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11. Multivariate Optimization of Operational Parameters in Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices for the Determination of Organophosphate and Carbamate Pesticides.
- Author
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Beshana, Sheleme, Hussen, Ahmed, Leta, Seyoum, and Kaneta, Takashi
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RESPONSE surfaces (Statistics) , *FENITROTHION , *PESTICIDES , *ORGANOPHOSPHORUS pesticides , *ANALYSIS of variance , *ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE - Abstract
The aim of this study is to employ a response surface methodology (RSM) to optimize experimental parameters in microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (µ-PADs). The independent parameters include concentrations and volumes of acetylcholinesterase, acetylthiocholine iodide, and 5,5-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid). Their effect on mean color intensity was tested and optimized. From the analysis of variance, high regression and fitting values were obtained between the experimental and RSM predicted mean color intensity. Under optimum conditions, satisfactory linearity (R2 > 0.9990) in the range of 0.25–16 mg/L was obtained for the studied pesticides. The limit of detection (LOD) varies from 0.13 to 0.27 mg/L; high precision (RSD of 3.8–8.0%), reproducibility (RSD of 7.2–11.0%), and recovery (78–97%) were achieved. The RSM approach has been demonstrated to be more efficient than the traditional approach. It resulted in a µ-PAD system with less amount of reagent usage and better LOD compared with a univariate approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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12. A Study of the Two-Way Effects of Cover Source Mismatch and Texture Complexity in Steganalysis
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Hu, Donghui, Ma, Zhongjin, Fan, Yuqi, Wang, Lina, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Shi, Yun Qing, editor, Kim, Hyoung Joong, editor, Perez-Gonzalez, Fernando, editor, and Liu, Feng, editor
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- 2017
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13. The efficacy of appropriate paper-based technology for Kenyan children with cerebral palsy.
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Barton, Catherine, Buckley, John, Samia, Pauline, Williams, Fiona, Taylor, Suzan R., and Lindoewood, Rachel
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PILOT projects , *STATISTICS , *ANALYSIS of variance , *POSTURAL balance , *RESEARCH methodology , *CHILDREN with cerebral palsy , *INTERVIEWING , *POVERTY areas , *FUNCTIONAL assessment , *T-test (Statistics) , *ASSISTIVE technology , *RESEARCH funding , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *STATISTICAL sampling , *DISABILITY chairs , *DATA analysis software , *DATA analysis , *FRIEDMAN test (Statistics) - Abstract
Appropriate paper-based technology (APT) is used to provide postural support for children with cerebral palsy (CP) in low-resourced settings. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the impact of APT on the children's and families' lives. A convenience sample of children with CP and their families participated. Inclusion was based on the Gross Motor Function Classification System levels IV and V. APT seating or standing frames were provided for six months. A mixed methods impact of APT devices on the children and families included the Family Impact Assistive Technology Scale for Adaptive Seating (FIATS-AS); the Child Engagement in Daily Life (CEDL) questionnaire; and a qualitative assessment from diary/log and semi-structured interviews. Ten children (median 3 years, range 9 months to 7 years). Baseline to follow-up median (IQR) FIATS-AS were: 22.7 (9.3) and 30.3 (10.2), respectively (p=.002). Similarly mean (SD) CEDL scores for "frequency" changed from 30.5 (13.2) to 42.08 (5.96) (p=.021) and children's enjoyment scores from 2.23 (0.93) to 2.91 (0.79) (p=.019). CEDL questionnaire for self-care was not discriminatory; seven families scored zero at both baseline and 6 months. Qualitative interviews revealed three key findings; that APT improved functional ability, involvement/interaction in daily-life situations, and a reduced family burden of care. APT devices used in Kenyan children with non-ambulant CP had a meaningful positive effect on both the children's and their families' lives. Assistive devices are often unobtainable for children with cerebral palsy (CP) in low-income countries. APT is a low cost and sustainable solution to make seating and standing devices for disabled children in Kenya. The regular use of a postural support device enhanced the children's motor skills, ability to function and participate in everyday activities, reduced the burden of care for the families and promoted the children's social interaction. The postural support devices were highly valued and utilised by the children and families in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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14. <PAPERS and REPORTS> Educational Effects of Streaming and the Utilization of ICT in English Teaching
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analysis of variance ,分散分析 ,ICT ,questionnaire ,online learning ,習熟度別クラス ,streaming ,TOEIC Bridge Test(s) ,t検定 ,アンケート ,t-test ,オンライン授業 - Abstract
At Kindai University, Fukuoka Campus, 1st year students are required to take a TOEIC Bridge test twice a year in April and December, being streamed according to their test scores. Little research has been conducted, however, to analyze the test data so far. In addition, due to the spread of the Coronavirus, the form of English classes drastically changed, i.e. from face-to-face to online from 2020. The effect of this newly introduced method of instruction, however, has not been evaluated, either. In this paper, I will first give a short overview of the old and new TOEIC Bridge tests, explaining the difference of the sections and the score ranges. The main focus of this paper will be to examine the effect of streaming (tracking) to enhance students’ English ability. Another focus will be to examine if teaching online works better than or at least as well as teaching face-to-face. Finally, I will closely look into students’ answers of questionnaire and examine if there is a correlation between their answers and their levels of English.
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- 2022
15. A statistical approach to calibrating the scores of biased reviewers of scientific papers
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Kuhlisch, Wiltrud, Roos, Magnus, Rothe, Jörg, Rudolph, Joachim, Scheuermann, Björn, and Stoyan, Dietrich
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- 2016
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16. Comment on the paper 'Soil microplastic pollution under different land uses in tropics, southwestern China'.
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Chia, Rogers Wainkwa, Lee, Jin-Yong, and Cha, Jihye
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SOIL pollution , *FILTER paper , *SOIL science , *DISSECTING microscopes , *LAND use , *SUBSOILS - Abstract
Research on soil microplastics is currently at an early stage, and there is no widely approved sampling protocol. Even so, any basic research should minimize errors to ensure that they are not amplified in future research. This paper examines some weaknesses of the original research paper 'Soil microplastic pollution under different land uses in tropics, southwestern China' recently published in this journal. The authors neglected to report the equipment used for soil sampling and did not use field blank samples. There is also a soil layer that was incorrectly named. The type and pore size of filter paper used for filtration during pre-analytical soil sample preparation is very important. In this paper the nature of the filter paper used, and its larger pore sizes are questionable by today's scientists. In addition, the authors in the original paper also overlooked reporting the statistical package used for statical analysis and ensuring if all data sets obey normality, homogeneity, and equality before running the one-way ANOVA test. This statistical step is widely considered mandatory, especially in the soil science community. So, this makes it difficult to trust the results documented. Furthermore, in the original paper, the needle and stereo microscope instruments used to sort microplastic-like materials prior to proper analysis are not reliable. [Display omitted] • A dissecting needle and stereo microscope shouldn't be used to sort out soil microplastics. • Gold-coated filter paper with smaller pore size is better than nitrocellulose filter paper. • The 0–10cm is the top soil layer and 10–20cm is the subsoil layer not a deep soil layer. • The statistical package used for analysis must be documented accordingly. • If the dataset is a normal distribution prior to ANOVA testing, it must be confirmed and reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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17. Evaluation of a Confidence Interval Approach for Relative Agreement in a Crossed Three-Way Random Effects Model
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Cappelleri, Joseph C., Ting, Naitee, Chen, Jiahua, Series editor, Chen, Ding-Geng (Din), Series editor, Chen, Zhen, editor, Liu, Aiyi, editor, Qu, Yongming, editor, Tang, Larry, editor, Ting, Naitee, editor, and Tsong, Yi, editor
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- 2015
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18. Comparison of the quality of documentation between electronic and paper medical records in orthopaedic trauma patients.
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Witkowski, Chris, Kimmel, Lara, Edwards, Elton, and Cosic, Filip
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ANALYSIS of variance , *PATIENTS , *RETROSPECTIVE studies , *DOCUMENTATION , *T-test (Statistics) , *EMERGENCY medical services , *MEDICAL records , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *ORTHOPEDICS , *ELECTRONIC health records , *LOGISTIC regression analysis , *DATA analysis software - Abstract
Objective: The medical record is critical for documentation and communication between healthcare professionals. This study compared the completeness of orthopaedic documentation between the electronic medical record (EMR) and paper medical record (PMR). Methods: A review was undertaken of 400 medical records (200 EMR, 200 PMR) of patients with operatively managed traumatic lower limb injury. The operative report, discharge summary and first and second out-patient reviews were evaluated using criteria designed by a senior orthopaedic surgeon and senior physiotherapist. The criteria included information deemed critical to the post-operative care of the patient in the first 6 weeks post-surgery. Results: In all cases, an operative report was completed by a senior surgeon. Notable findings included inferior documentation of patient weight-bearing status on the operative report in the EMR than PMR group (P = 0.018). There was a significant improvement in the completion of discharge summaries in the EMR compared with PMR cohort (100% vs 82.5% respectively; P < 0.001). In the PMR group, 70.0% of discharge summaries were completed and adequately documented, compared with 91.5% of those in the EMR group (P < 0.001). At out-patient review, there was an improvement in documentation of weight-bearing instructions in the EMR compared with PMR group (81.1% vs 76.2% respectively; P = 0.032). Conclusion: The EMR is associated with an improvement in the standard of orthopaedic medical record documentation, but deficiencies remain in key components of the medical record. What is known about the topic?: Medical records are an essential tool in modern medical practice and have significant implications for patient care and management, communication and medicolegal issues. Despite the importance of comprehensive documentation, numerous examples of poor documentation continue to be demonstrated. Recently, significant changes to the medical record in Australia have been implemented with the conversion of some hospitals to an EMR and the implementation of the My Health Record. What does this paper add?: Standards of patient care should be monitored continuously and deficiencies identified in order to implement measures for improvement and to close the quality loop. This study has highlighted that although there has been improvement in medical record keeping with the implementation of an EMR, the standard of orthopaedic medical record keeping continues to be below what is expected, and several key areas of documentation require improvement. What are the implications for practitioners?: The implications of these findings for practitioners are to highlight current deficiencies in documentation and promote change in current practice to improve the quality of medical record documentation among medical staff. Although the EMR has improved documentation, there remain areas for further improvement, and hospital administrators will find these observations useful in implementing ongoing change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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19. Automated analysis of pen-on-paper spirals for tremor detection, quantification, and differentiation.
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Rajan, Roopa, Anandapadmanabhan, Reghu, Nageswaran, Sharmila, Radhakrishnan, Vineeth, Saini, Arti, Krishnan, Syam, Gupta, Anu, Vishnu, Venugopalan Y., Pandit, Awadh K., Singh, Rajesh Kumar, Radhakrishnan, Divya M, Singh, Mamta Bhushan, Bhatia, Rohit, Srivastava, Achal, Kishore, Asha, and Padma Srivastava, M. V.
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STATISTICS ,RESEARCH ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,ANALYSIS of variance ,TASK performance ,HANDWRITING ,ACCELEROMETERS ,DYSTONIA ,MOVEMENT disorders ,TREMOR ,DRAWING ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,PARKINSON'S disease ,SENSITIVITY & specificity (Statistics) ,DATA analysis ,RECEIVER operating characteristic curves ,DATA analysis software ,ALGORITHMS - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To develop an automated algorithm to detect, quantify, and differentiate between tremor using pen-on-paper spirals. METHODS: Patients with essential tremor (n = 25), dystonic tremor (n = 25), Parkinson’s disease (n = 25), and healthy volunteers (HV, n = 25) drew free-hand spirals. The algorithm derived the mean deviation (MD) and tremor variability from scanned images. MD and tremor variability were compared with 1) the Bain and Findley scale, 2) the Fahn–Tolosa–Marin tremor rating scale (FTM–TRS), and 3) the peak power and total power of the accelerometer spectra. Inter and intra loop widths were computed to differentiate between the tremor. RESULTS: MD was higher in the tremor group (48.9±26.3) than in HV (26.4±5.3; p < 0.001). The cut-off value of 30.3 had 80.9% sensitivity and 76.0% specificity for the detection of the tremor [area under the curve: 0.83; 95% confidence index (CI): 0.75, 0.91, p < 0.001]. MD correlated with the Bain and Findley ratings (rho = 0.491, p = 0 < 0.001), FTM–TRS part B (rho = 0.260, p = 0.032) and accelerometric measures of postural tremor (total power, rho = 0.366, p < 0.001; peak power, rho = 0.402, p < 0.001). Minimum Detectable Change was 19.9%. Inter loop width distinguished Parkinson’s disease spirals from dystonic tremor (p < 0.001, 95% CI: 54.6, 211.1), essential tremor (p = 0.003, 95% CI: 28.5, 184.9), or HV (p = 0.036, 95% CI: -160.4, -3.9). CONCLUSION: The automated analysis of pen-on-paper spirals generated robust variables to quantify the tremor and putative variables to distinguish them from each other. SIGNIFICANCE: This technique maybe useful for epidemiological surveys and follow-up studies on tremor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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20. The effect of uncoated paper application on skin moisture, risk of pressure injury and incidence of pressure injury in neurologic intensive care unit patients: A randomized controlled trial.
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Choi, Yoo‐Hyung and Kim, Sung Reul
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INTENSIVE care units , *RESEARCH , *ANALYSIS of variance , *PRESSURE ulcers , *HUMIDITY , *DISEASE incidence , *TERTIARY care , *MANN Whitney U Test , *RISK assessment , *SKIN physiology , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *T-test (Statistics) , *REPEATED measures design , *BLIND experiment , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *CHI-squared test , *GLASGOW Coma Scale , *STATISTICAL sampling , *DATA analysis software , *DISEASE risk factors ,BEDSORE risk factors - Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of uncoated paper on skin moisture, pressure injury risk and pressure injury incidence in neurological intensive care unit patients. Methods: A randomized controlled design was used. The experimental group (n = 68) received usual care (repositioning every 2 h and use of an air mattress) and application of uncoated paper on the sacral area for 5 days, whereas the control group (n = 67) received only usual care. A repeated measures analysis of variance was used to determine changes in the skin moisture and risk of pressure injury between the groups. A chi‐squared test was used to determine the change in the incidence of pressure injuries for sacral area. Data were collected from 20 October 2017 to 6 March 2018. Results: There were statistically significant differences in the skin moisture and risk of pressure injuries between the experimental and control groups. However, a significant difference was not observed in the incidence of pressure injuries between the groups. Conclusion: The use of uncoated paper may be a valid nursing intervention for the prevention of pressure injuries in neurological intensive care unit patients. SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is already known about this topic? The neurological intensive care unit patients with motor deficits, loss or deterioration of sensory function and decreased consciousness have high risk of pressure injuries.Although various guidelines consider excessive skin moisture as an important cause of pressure injuries, few targeted interventions exist to manage excessive skin moisture. What this paper adds? The uncoated paper application was effective in reducing skin moisture in neurologic intensive care unit patients.In addition, application of uncoated paper application has an effect on risk of pressure injury in neurologic intensive care unit patients. The implications of this paper: The use of uncoated paper may be a valid nursing intervention for the prevention of pressure injuries in neurological intensive care unit patients.Nurses should recognize that pressure injuries are potentially preventable adverse events and use various preventive interventions including skin moisture management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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21. Detection of Cytomegalovirus in Urine Dried on Filter Paper.
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Amin, Minal M, Wong, Phili, McCann, Mark, and Dollard, Sheila C
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CYTOMEGALOVIRUS disease diagnosis , *NEWBORN screening , *ANALYSIS of variance , *FACTOR analysis , *URINALYSIS , *CHILDREN - Abstract
Urine is the best specimen for the diagnosis of congenital cytomegalovirus, but collection and processing of liquid urine are impractical for screening. Urine dried on filter paper was processed by the same convenient, low-cost method used by newborn screening to test blood spots and showed high sensitivity and specificity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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22. Regression modeling of solid mottle in coated papers.
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Joshi, Akshay
- Subjects
PRINTING ,PAPER industry ,PACKAGING industry ,INTAGLIO inks ,STOCHASTIC analysis ,ANALYSIS of variance - Abstract
The print industry has observed an exponential growth over the last decade. A shift from plastics to paper has been observed in the packaging industry due to its sustainability. The gravure process dominates the packaging industry because of long runs and high print precision. This work focuses on the effect of gravure process parameters on print mottle for 50 GSM (gram/square meters) and 65 GSM (gram/square meters) C1S (coated-one-side) paper. Solid mottle refers to unevenness in print density and occurs due to variations in substrate, ink, and process parameters degrading the print quality, thereby resulting in printed wastage and loss to an organization. The intricate mechanism of ink transfer in the gravure process needs to be studied in depth so as to deliver higher yield and lower print waste. The Stochastic Frequency Distribution Analysis (SFDA) algorithm was used to measure the print mottle. The design of experiments (DOE) was run for gravure process parameters such as line screen, viscosity, press speed, electrostatic assist (ESA) voltage, and air gap (distance between impression roller and charge bar) at varying levels. The experimental data were analyzed through analysis of variance (ANOVA), main plot, and interaction plot. The analysis revealed significance of all process parameters for minimization of solid mottle. The optimized settings showed reduction in solid mottle by 64.68% and 67.78% for 50 GSM and 65 GSM, respectively. A stepwise regression model was developed to predict the print mottle that showed correlation coefficient of 0.912 and 0.938 for 50 GSM and 65 GSM C1S papers. This work could serve as a framework to maintain operating levels of gravure process for minimization of solid mottle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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23. Osmanlı Devleti'nde Kaime ve Döviz Kuru Piyasalarında Rassal Yürüyüş Hipotezi'nin Analizi.
- Author
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ÇETİN, Mehmet
- Subjects
INTEREST rates ,RANDOM walks ,PAPER money ,FOREIGN exchange rates ,ANALYSIS of variance - Abstract
Copyright of Itobiad: Journal of the Human & Social Science Researches / İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Itobiad: Journal of the Human & Social Science Researches and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
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24. Usability and Emotions of Mental Health Assessment Tools: Comparing Mobile App and Paper-and-Pencil Modalities.
- Author
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Liu, Yang S., Hankey, Jeffrey, Lou, Nigel Mantou, Chokka, Pratap, and Harley, Jason M.
- Subjects
- *
COMPETENCY assessment (Law) , *STATISTICS , *ANALYSIS of variance , *MOBILE apps , *USER interfaces , *MULTIVARIATE analysis , *COMPARATIVE studies , *SEX distribution , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *RESEARCH funding , *ANALYSIS of covariance , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *EMOTIONS , *DATA analysis , *TELEMEDICINE - Abstract
Users' experiences in mental health assessment are multifaceted, including their emotional experiences. Yet, studies of mobile apps for psychiatric assessment have centered on diagnostic accuracy and perceived usability, with little consideration of the impact of user emotional experiences. In this study, we focused on users' perceived usability and emotions and compared the user experience of a paper-and-pencil and an app-based collection of mental health screening questionnaires: EarlyDetect. The System Usability Scale (SUS) and modality-directed emotion questionnaires were administered using paper-and-pencil or iPad. Modality was assigned pseudo-randomly on patients' first visit at a referral-based mental health clinic. We found that patients assigned to the iPad app reported a significantly higher SUS score than patients assigned to paper-and-pencil, qualified by a modality-by-gender interaction where modality effects were significant for men but not for women. Moreover, enjoyment was positively linked to perceived usability, whereas boredom, frustration, and anxiety were negatively linked to usability. Our findings illustrate the added value of studying user experience applied to psychiatric assessments, where both emotions and gender-specific user experience should be taken into consideration. We further discuss the implications for psychiatric assessments via app versus traditional data collection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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25. Modeling of Insulation Paper Damage in the Assembly of a Solid Slot Winding
- Author
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Marjan Jenko and Blaz Stefe
- Subjects
Materials science ,dielectrics and electrical insulation ,General Computer Science ,Stator ,design for experiments ,020209 energy ,02 engineering and technology ,engineering.material ,law.invention ,breakdown voltage ,Matrix (mathematics) ,design for manufacture ,law ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Breakdown voltage ,General Materials Science ,Analysis of variance ,Magnet wire ,Smoothness ,business.industry ,General Engineering ,Structural engineering ,extended additive model ,Small set ,Design for manufacturability ,Electromagnetic coil ,engineering ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,business ,lcsh:TK1-9971 - Abstract
Tight assembly of stator windings with no insulation paper damage is a manufacturing challenge. We evaluate different sets of parts according to the following parameters: magnet wire thickness, stator slot smoothness, length of the straight magnet wire after the slot end, and type and amount of insulation cap at the end of the slot. These parameters have discrete values with small differences between them. The damage criterion is the decrease of the insulation paper breakdown voltage after assembly/disassembly of parts, assembled in a small set of designed experiments. Parameter values, i.e., levels at individual experiments are set by an orthogonal experiment matrix. Repetition of each experiment provides statistical significance. Data analysis shows that the additive model alone is not sufficient due to the high correlation of the parameters’ influences. We extend the model to include interparameter influences, which we model by adding a virtual parameter. The extended additive model generates parameter values that do not degrade the insulation paper breakdown voltage within the manufacturing process. These values are verified by repetitions of the control experiment.
- Published
- 2020
26. The effects of reading on pixel vs. paper: a comparative study.
- Author
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Çınar, Murat, Doğan, Dilek, and Seferoğlu, Süleyman Sadi
- Subjects
- *
PILOT projects , *KRUSKAL-Wallis Test , *ANALYSIS of variance , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *DIGITAL technology , *SMARTPHONES , *MANN Whitney U Test , *SCREEN time , *COMPARATIVE studies , *ACHIEVEMENT tests , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *CHI-squared test , *SCHOOL children , *DATA analysis software , *READING , *EQUIPMENT & supplies - Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the effects that reading on screens (using digital devices with different screen sizes) and on paper have on reading time and comprehension. The study group was comprised of126 secondary students from a private school. To ensure balance, the participants were assigned into test groups, formed according to the size of the reading device, based on class levels, gender, and average school grade. In the data collection process, a narrative text was transferred to both print and electronic media. Access to the text was provided on paper and three digital devices. There were no time limitations. After reading, participants were given comprehension tests that consisted of twenty multiple-choice questions. Female participants' on-screen comprehension scores were found to be relatively higher compared to their paper comprehension scores. They also acquired better scores as the screen size increased. Conversely, male participants had higher comprehension scores on tablets and smart phones. Participants who read the text on smart phones and tablets completed the tasks in less time compared to other groups. However, the effects of reading modality on comprehension and reading time were not found to be statistically significant in either the male or female groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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27. RSM and ann modeling of dissolved oxygen response using paper industry effluent in semi batch fermenter.
- Author
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Sumathi, J., Arulmozhi, M., and Sundaram, S.
- Subjects
DISSOLVED oxygen in water ,PAPER industry ,ARTIFICIAL neural networks ,OXYGEN ,ANALYSIS of variance ,FORECASTING - Abstract
Effluent from paper industry was oxygenated till saturation using Lark Hygiene Fermenter at 25°C under real time environment. Time, speed, and feed concentration were selected as dominant input factors to determine the dissolved oxygen (DO) under response surface methodology (RSM) based Box–Behnken design to provide 17 experimental runs. The experimental results were optimized using RSM and artificial neural networks (ANN). From RSM analysis, a second-order quadratic representation for single objective optimization was successfully fitted which produced R² = 99.07 and R²
adj = 97.87. Analysis of variance results shows that time and feed concentration were the most significant parameters than the speed, influencing the DO. Another single objective optimization tool ANN produced R² = 96.27 and R²adj = 94.06. Validation analysis provided the predicted values by RSM and ANN were close to the validation values, whereas RSM showed a better prediction than the ANN with the lowest deviation. Hence, the optimal condition predicted by RSM was taken to conduct the confirmatory experiment. The confirmatory experimental condition of time at 6 min, speed of 142 rpm with 90% concentration produced the minimal DO of 5.38 ppm. The error percentage of the predicted with confirmatory experimental and theoretical equations results were 1.11% and 0.035%, respectively, which validates the predicted model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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28. The advantage of simple paper abstracts.
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Letchford, Adrian, Preis, Tobias, and Moat, Helen Susannah
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SCIENCE ,PUBLISHING ,BIBLIOGRAPHICAL citations ,SOCIAL sciences ,ANALYSIS of variance - Abstract
Each year, researchers publish an immense number of scientific papers. While some receive many citations, others receive none. Here we investigate whether any of this variance can be explained by the choice of words in a paper's abstract. We find that doubling the word frequency of an average abstract increases citations by 0.70%. We also find that journals which publish papers whose abstracts are shorter and contain more frequently used words receive slightly more citations per paper. Specifically, adding a 5 letter word to an abstract decreases the number of citations by 0.02%. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the style in which a paper's abstract is written bears some relation to its scientific impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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29. Detecting unexpected scores of individual students in an examination based on past scores and current daily efforts
- Author
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Alauddin, Nursuhana, Tanaka, Saki, and Yamada, Shu
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- 2023
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30. Research Paper: Effects of Different Doses and Time-Dependency of Busulfan on Testes Parameters and Spermatogenesis in a Rat Model: A Quantitative Stereological Study
- Author
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Azizollah Bakhtari, Soghra Bahmanpour, Bahia Namavar Jahromi, Mojtaba Keshavarz, and Farhad Koohpeyma
- Subjects
Andrology ,Germinal epithelium ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Spermatid ,Rat model ,medicine ,Time dependency ,Spermatocyte ,Analysis of variance ,Biology ,Spermatogenesis ,Busulfan ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Objectives: The current study aimed at evaluating testis parameters and spermatogenesis changes in male rats administrated by different busulfan doses and time to construct a subfertile animal model by stereological methods.Materials and Methods: In the present study, 150 male Wistar rats randomly divided into 5 groups. All experimental groups were treated by different concentrations of busulfan (0.0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 15 mg/kg). Rats were sacrificed 1, 15, and 30 days after busulfan treatment. The tissue processing was done for stereological study and the results were analyzed by the one-way ANOVA followed by the Duncan test. Results: The most stereological parameters such as testes weight and volume, tubules volume density, interstitial tissue (P
- Published
- 2019
31. Assessment of black coffee temperature profiles consumed from paper-based cups and effect on affective and descriptive product sensory attributes
- Author
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Chloe N. Stokes, Maurice G. O'Sullivan, and Joseph P. Kerry
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,biology ,Flavour ,Sensory system ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Paper based ,biology.organism_classification ,040401 food science ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,03 medical and health sciences ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,Spectral analysis ,Food science ,Analysis of variance ,Product (category theory) ,Aftertaste ,Aroma ,Food Science ,Mathematics - Abstract
Summary Sensory acceptance testing was used to determine whether the serving temperature of black filter coffee had an effect on the hedonic sensory quality of the imbibed product using naive assessors (n = 25) analysed in duplicate. Additionally, descriptive sensory evaluation was used to assess coffee aroma, flavour and aftertaste attributes at different temperatures using a total of fourteen attributes. Prior to consumption, exothermic spectral analysis was assessed using a thermal imaging camera on each cup of coffee to ensure that the correct drinking temperature was recorded prior to being consumed by assessors. anova Partial Least-Squares Regression (APLSR) was used to analyse experimental data accumulated. This study established that various sensory attributes of coffee are affected by the temperature coffee is imbibed at. Coffee served at 31.0 °C was negatively correlated (P
- Published
- 2016
32. Detection of unusual scores of individual students for immediate remedy according to daily assessment data
- Author
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Alauddin, Nursuhana and Yamada, Shu
- Published
- 2023
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33. Review Paper on Applications of Principal Component Analysis in Multimodal Biometrics System.
- Author
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Khandelwal, Chhaya Sunil, Maheshewari, Ranjan, and Shinde, U.B.
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INFORMATION resources ,DATA quality ,BIOMETRIC identification ,ANALYSIS of variance ,COMPUTER access control - Abstract
Unimodal biometric systems are susceptible to a variety of problems such as noisy data, intra-class variations, limited degrees of freedom, non-universality, spoof attacks and unacceptable error rates. Some of these limitations can be addressed by deploy multimodal biometric systems that integrates the evidence presented by multiple sources of information The proposed system provides effective fusion scheme that combines information presented by the multiple domain experts based on the Rank level fusion integration method, thereby increasing the efficiency of the system which is not possible by the unimodal biometric system. The proposed multimodal biometric system has a number of unique qualities, including principal component analysis and fisher's linear discriminate methods for individual matchers authentication. The novel rank level fusion method is used in order to consolidate the results obtained from different biometric matchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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- View/download PDF
34. Optimized precooling combined with SO2‐released paper treatment improves the storability of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) fruits stored at room temperature.
- Author
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Han, Dongmei, Luo, Tao, Zhang, Lu, Wu, Jiaqi, Wu, Huitao, Wu, Zhenxian, Li, Jianguang, Wang, Jing, and Pan, Xuewen
- Subjects
- *
LONGAN , *FRUIT , *ANALYSIS of variance , *SULFUR dioxide , *MULTIVARIATE analysis - Abstract
Precooling and sulfur dioxide fumigation were proved as effective methods for the preservation of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) fruits. However, inadequate precooling and sulfur dioxide fumigation resulted in unexpected losses and short shelf life. A L9(34) orthogonal test was conducted to screen out ideal dosage of sodium metabisulfite (factor A), precooling method (factor B), and precooling duration (factor C) to improve the storability of longan fruit stored for 48 hr at room temperature (RT) (25℃). The overall qualities of all of the treated longan fruits after a 48‐hr storage (OQST) and during the 5‐day shelf at 25℃ (OQSF) were better than those of the control fruits. The treated fruits showed brighter fresh color (higher L*, b*, C*, and h° values but lower a* value), higher flavonoid, and chlorophyll contents. Moreover, the SO2 residue was concentrated in pericarp but little in aril for any of the 12 treatments. The multivariate variance analysis showed that factor A was dominant to determine both of the OQST and OQSF, while factor B affected the OQST, and factor C affected the OQSF. In total, "0.22% sodium metabisulfite + 4 hr precooling + uncovered precooling" was considered to be an ideal treatment. These results would contribute to improving longan postharvest preservation technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Polyamidoamine starburst dendrimer-activated chromatography paper-based assay for sensitive detection of telomerase activity.
- Author
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Zhang, Hua, Lei, Zhen, Tian, Rongrong, and Wang, Zhenxin
- Subjects
- *
POLYAMIDOAMINE dendrimers , *TELOMERASE , *CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis , *ANALYSIS of variance , *CHEMICAL detectors - Abstract
Telomerase is extensively expressed in various cancer cells and recognized as a target for cancer drug discovery. In the present study, a simple and amplification-free fluorescence assay based on polyamidoamine starburst dendrimer (PAMAM dendrimer)-activated paper device is proposed for sensitive detection of telomerase activity through hybridization of Cy5 modified single strand DNA probes with telomerase extension products. The paper substrate is fabricated by hand drawing according to a template, which is low cost, instrument free and easy operation. PAMAM is rich in amino groups on its surface and employed to immobilize the telomerase substrate (TS) primer. Highly sensitive detection of telomerase activity in HeLa cell lysate of 10 cells is achieved since the PAMAM dendrimer-activated paper surface can provide high density of binding sites for immobilization of TS primer. The experimental results also demonstrate that the assay can be employed to evaluate telomerase activity levels of various cell lines and screen telomerase inhibitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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36. The effects of 16-weeks of prebiotic supplementation and aerobic exercise training on inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, uremic toxins, and the microbiota in pre-dialysis kidney patients: a randomized controlled trial-protocol paper
- Author
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Elizabeth E. Evans, Kristyn Kirton, Bradley C. Nindl, Talat Alp Ikizler, Donna J. Chapman, Nosratola D. Vaziri, Elizabeth O'Neill, Michael J. Germain, Samuel Headley, Brian J. Martin, Emily M. Miele, Allen Cornelius, Karen Madsen, and Jasmin C. Hutchinson
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Nephrology ,Kidney Disease ,medicine.medical_treatment ,030232 urology & nephrology ,Inflammatory markers ,Cardiovascular ,lcsh:RC870-923 ,law.invention ,Kidney Failure ,Study Protocol ,0302 clinical medicine ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Chronic ,Resistant starch ,VO2 max ,Middle Aged ,Urology & Nephrology ,6.1 Pharmaceuticals ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities ,Clinical Sciences ,Renal and urogenital ,Uremic toxins ,Placebo ,Zea mays ,03 medical and health sciences ,Double-Blind Method ,Clinical Research ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Aerobic exercise ,Humans ,Exercise ,Dialysis ,Aged ,Inflammation ,Analysis of Variance ,business.industry ,Prevention ,Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions ,medicine.disease ,lcsh:Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,Gastrointestinal Microbiome ,Oxidative Stress ,030104 developmental biology ,Oxidative stress ,Arterial stiffness ,Kidney Failure, Chronic ,Amylose ,business ,Biomarkers ,Kidney disease - Abstract
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by dysbiosis, elevated levels of uremic toxins, systemic inflammation, and increased markers of oxidative stress. These factors lead to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) which is common among CKD patients. Supplementation with high amylose maize resistant starch type 2 (RS-2) can change the composition of the gut microbiota, and reduce markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with end-stage renal disease. However, the impact of RS-2 supplementation has not been extensively studied in CKD patients not on dialysis. Aerobic exercise training lowers certain markers of inflammation in CKD patients. Whether combining aerobic training along with RS-2 supplementation has an additive effect on the aforementioned biomarkers in predialysis CKD patients has not been previously investigated. Methods The study is being conducted as a 16-week, double-blind, placebo controlled, parallel arm, randomized controlled trial. Sixty stage 3–4 CKD patients (ages of 30–75 years) are being randomized to one of four groups: RS-2 & usual care, RS-2 & aerobic exercise, placebo (cornstarch) & usual care and placebo & exercise. Patients attend four testing sessions: Two baseline (BL) sessions with follow up visits 8 (wk8) and 16 weeks (wk16) later. Fasting blood samples, resting brachial and central blood pressures, and arterial stiffness are collected at BL, wk8 and wk16. A stool sample is collected for analysis of microbial composition and peak oxygen uptake is assessed at BL and wk16. Blood samples will be assayed for p-cresyl sulphate and indoxyl sulphate, c-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, interleukin 10, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, malondialdehyde, 8-isoprostanes F2a, endothelin-1 and nitrate/nitrite. Following BL, subjects are randomized to their group. Individuals randomized to conditions involving exercise will attend three supervised moderate intensity (55–65% peak oxygen uptake) aerobic training sessions (treadmills, bikes or elliptical machine) per week for 16 weeks. Discussion This study has the potential to yield information about the effect of RS-2 supplementation on key biomarkers believed to impact upon the development of CVD in patients with CKD. We are examining whether there is an additive effect of exercise training and RS-2 supplementation on these key variables. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov Trial registration#NCT03689569. 9/28/2018, retrospectively registered.
- Published
- 2020
37. Differences between Computer-Based and Paper-Based Assessments of the Clinical Reasoning Competency of Dental Students
- Author
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Michiyo, Kurosa, Ken-ichi, Tonami, Satoko, Ohara, Sachi, Umemori, Kanako, Noritake, Masayo, Sunaga, Atsuhiro, Kinoshita, and Kouji, Araki
- Subjects
Male ,Paper ,Analysis of Variance ,Computers ,Students, Dental ,Competency-Based Education ,Thinking ,Mental Processes ,Japan ,Aptitude Tests ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Humans ,Female ,Clinical Competence ,Education, Dental - Abstract
Clinical reasoning competency is essential for an appropriate clinical dental treatment. Among the tools for the assessment of clinical reasoning competency, computer-based testing (CBT) is considered more useful than paper-based testing (PBT), because teachers can control the timing of information given to the examinees. Such timings could possibly affect the thinking process of examinees. However, few studies reported differences of reasoning between the two testing modes. In the present study, we developed an assessment of clinical reasoning and applied it using CBT and PBT to compare the examinees' performance. The participants comprised 60 students in the fifth-year class in 2012 of the School of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University. The tests comprised 25 problems, each with four questions, totaling 100 questions. The contents of the questions were the same in CBT and PBT. The students were assigned to CBT (Group C, n = 30) and PBT (Group P, n = 30) groups, with an almost equal gender ratio in the groups. The difference between scores was analyzed with a univariate analysis of variance. No significant intergroup differences were found regarding the test duration, total score, and average score of each question. The number of problems with perfect marks was higher in Group P than in Group C (P0.05), probably because Group P students could access the information of the previous question (s) within a problem. Thus, the differences of the examinees' performance between the two testing modes were small.
- Published
- 2016
38. Paper Tape Prevents Foot Blisters: A Randomized Prevention Trial Assessing Paper Tape in Endurance Distances II (Pre-TAPED II).
- Author
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Lipman, Grant S., Sharp, Louis J., Christensen, Mark, Phillips, Caleb, DiTullio, Alexandra, Dalton, Andrew, Ng, Pearlly, Shangkuan, Jennifer, Shea, Katherine, and Krabak, Brian J.
- Subjects
- *
BLISTERS , *RUNNING injuries , *ADHESIVE tape , *ANALYSIS of variance , *CHI-squared test , *CLINICAL trials , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *FOOT , *MEDICAL cooperation , *PROBABILITY theory , *RESEARCH , *RESEARCH funding , *STATISTICAL hypothesis testing , *T-test (Statistics) , *LOGISTIC regression analysis , *SAMPLE size (Statistics) , *STATISTICAL power analysis , *MULTIPLE regression analysis , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *LONG-distance running , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *ODDS ratio , *PREVENTION - Abstract
Objective: To determine whether paper tape prevents foot blisters in multistage ultramarathon runners. Design: Multisite prospective randomized trial. Setting: The 2014 250-km (155-mile) 6-stage RacingThePlanet ultramarathons in Jordan, Gobi, Madagascar, and Atacama Deserts. Participants: One hundred twenty-eight participants were enrolled: 19 (15%) from the Jordan, 35 (27%) from Gobi, 21 (16%) from Madagascar, and 53 (41%) from the Atacama Desert. The mean age was 39.3 years (22-63) and body mass index was 24.2 kg/m² (17.4-35.1), with 31 (22.5%) females. Interventions: Paper tape was applied to a randomly selected foot before the race, either to participants' blister-prone areas or randomly selected location if there was no blister history, with untaped areas of the same foot used as the control. Main Outcome Measures: Development of a blister anywhere on the study foot. Results: One hundred six (83%) participants developed 117 blisters, with treatment success in 98 (77%) runners. Paper tape reduced blisters by 40% (P< 0.01, 95% confidence interval, 28-52) with a number needed to treat of 1.31. Most of the study participants had 1 blister (78%), with most common locations on the toes (n = 58, 50%) and heel (n = 27, 23%), with 94 (80%) blisters occurring by the end of stage 2. Treatment success was associated with earlier stages [odds ratio (OR), 74.9, P < 0.01] and time spent running (OR, 0.66, P = 0.01). Conclusion: Paper tape was found to prevent both the incidence and frequency of foot blisters in runners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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- View/download PDF
39. Reading from computer screen versus reading from paper: does it still make a difference?
- Author
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Köpper, Maja, Mayr, Susanne, and Buchner, Axel
- Subjects
ANALYSIS of variance ,EXPERIMENTAL design ,EYE diseases ,INFORMATION display systems ,LIGHTING ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,READING ,T-test (Statistics) - Abstract
Four experiments were conducted to test whether recent developments in display technology would suffice to eliminate the well-known disadvantages in reading from screen as compared with paper. Proofreading speed and performance were equal for a TFT-LCD and a paper display, but there were more symptoms of eyestrain in the screen condition accompanied by a strong preference for paper (Experiment 1). These results were replicated using a longer reading duration (Experiment 2). Additional experiments were conducted to test hypotheses about the reasons for the higher amount of eyestrain associated with reading from screen. Reduced screen luminance did not change the pattern of results (Experiment 3), but positioning both displays in equal inclination angles eliminated the differences in eyestrain symptoms and increased proofreading speed in the screen condition (Experiment 4). A paper-like positioning of TFT-LCDs seems to enable unimpaired reading without evidence of increased physical strain. Practitioner Summary: Given the developments in screen technology, a re-assessment of the differences in proofreading speed and performance, well-being, and preference between computer screen and paper was conducted. State-of-the-art TFT-LCDs enable unimpaired reading, but a book-like positioning of screens seems necessary to minimise eyestrain symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. FROM COIN TOSSING TO ROCK-PAPER-SCISSORS AND BEYOND: A LOG-EXP GAP THEOREM FOR SELECTING A LEADER.
- Author
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FUCHS, MICHAEL, HSIEN-KUEI HWANG, and YOSHIAKI ITOH
- Subjects
ROCK-paper-scissors (Game) ,EXPONENTIAL families (Statistics) ,ANALYSIS of variance ,MELLIN transform ,PERIODIC functions - Abstract
A class of games for finding a leader among a group of candidates is studied in detail. This class covers games based on coin tossing and rock-paper-scissors as special cases and its complexity exhibits similar stochastic behaviors: either of logarithmic mean and bounded variance or of exponential mean and exponential variance. Many applications are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Analysis of covariance in randomized trials: More precision and valid confidence intervals, without model assumptions.
- Author
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Wang B, Ogburn EL, and Rosenblum M
- Subjects
- Computer Simulation, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Humans, Linear Models, Mental Disorders, Sample Size, Treatment Outcome, Analysis of Variance, Confidence Intervals, Models, Statistical, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
"Covariate adjustment" in the randomized trial context refers to an estimator of the average treatment effect that adjusts for chance imbalances between study arms in baseline variables (called "covariates"). The baseline variables could include, for example, age, sex, disease severity, and biomarkers. According to two surveys of clinical trial reports, there is confusion about the statistical properties of covariate adjustment. We focus on the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) estimator, which involves fitting a linear model for the outcome given the treatment arm and baseline variables, and trials that use simple randomization with equal probability of assignment to treatment and control. We prove the following new (to the best of our knowledge) robustness property of ANCOVA to arbitrary model misspecification: Not only is the ANCOVA point estimate consistent (as proved by Yang and Tsiatis, 2001) but so is its standard error. This implies that confidence intervals and hypothesis tests conducted as if the linear model were correct are still asymptotically valid even when the linear model is arbitrarily misspecified, for example, when the baseline variables are nonlinearly related to the outcome or there is treatment effect heterogeneity. We also give a simple, robust formula for the variance reduction (equivalently, sample size reduction) from using ANCOVA. By reanalyzing completed randomized trials for mild cognitive impairment, schizophrenia, and depression, we demonstrate how ANCOVA can achieve variance reductions of 4 to 32%., (© 2019, The International Biometric Society.)
- Published
- 2019
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42. The fuzzy tri-objective mean-semivariance-entropy portfolio model with layer-by-layer tolerance evaluation method paper.
- Author
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Deng, Xue, Song, Jian, Zhao, Junfeng, and Li, Zhongfei
- Subjects
- *
FUZZY sets , *PORTFOLIO management (Investments) , *ENTROPY (Information theory) , *ANALYSIS of variance , *FINANCIAL markets - Abstract
In a complex financial market, people pay more attention to the portfolio selection model in some fuzzy environment. Some properties and definitions of semivariance and entropy are given and proved in this paper. Then, the fuzzy tri-objective mean-semivariance-entropy portfolio model is proposed based on credibility theory when the return rates are fuzzy numbers. We present a novel layer-by-layer tolerance evaluation method to solve the proposed model in this paper. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the model and method proposed in this paper. There are two improvements in our proposed method: one is that the evaluation function idea is considered in the process of laying objective functions; the other is that the preference degree and subjective wills are presented by tolerant amounts of objective function values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. The (Mis)use of One-Way ANOVA Testing in Sociology Research Papers and Their Implications
- Author
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Nancy Yang
- Subjects
One-way analysis of variance ,Mathematics education ,Sociology ,Analysis of variance - Published
- 2019
44. Investigation of photochemical machining characteristics of stainless steel AISI 304 via novel PCM equipment design
- Author
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Tunç, Murat, Gökkaya, Hasan, Sur, Gökhan, and Motorcu, Ali Riza
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Research Paper: The Comparison of Lecture-Based and Web-Based Education on Nursing Students' Learning in the Management of Radiation Injuries.
- Author
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Pishgooie, Amir Hosein, Aliyari, Shahla, Baniyaghoobi, Faeze, Sharififar, Simintaj, and Dadgari, Ali
- Subjects
- *
RADIATION injuries , *ONLINE education , *NURSING students , *ANALYSIS of variance , *T-test (Statistics) , *MILITARY nurses - Abstract
Background: Extensive application of radioactive materials to medical and military purposes justifies the necessity of training military nurse students regarding the management of radiation injury. The current study aimed at comparing the effect of two methods (lecture and webbased) of training on the management of radiation-injured patients among military nurse students from 2013 to 2014. Materials and Methods: The current semi-experimental study was conducted on 60 military nursing students in two military nursing schools in Tehran, Iran selected purposively. Subjects of the study were divided into two groups of 30 as lecture and web-based teaching. The effect of education was measured on three levels of knowledge, comprehension, and application; before, immediately after, and four weeks after completion of teaching. The data were analyzed with SPSS software version 21, using Repeated Measures (RM)-ANOVA and t-test. Results: Mean and standard deviation of scores in all learning levels (knowledge, comprehension, and application) in both groups had a significant difference between before and after the intervention (P<0.001). No significant difference was observed in the total mean scores of the two groups before intervention. In the post-test, immediately after training, mean scores of the web-based group had a greater increase, but no significant difference was observed (P=0.12). In the retention stage (four weeks after training), it was observed that the lecture-based method was more effective (P=0.01). Conclusion: According to the obtained results, learning increased in both methods . Therefore, it is recommended to use the combined teaching method to educate nursing students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Reseach Paper: The Relationship Between Quality of Work Life and Organizational Commitment of Iranian Emergency Nurses.
- Author
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Hashempour, Reza, Ghahremanlou, Hasan Hosseinpour, Etemadi, Sina, and Poursadeghiyan, Mohsen
- Subjects
- *
QUALITY of work life , *ORGANIZATIONAL commitment , *EMERGENCY nursing , *JOB performance , *ANALYSIS of variance , *EMERGENCY nurses - Abstract
Background: Quality of work life depends on a combination of variables in the work environment that has an important impact on organizational commitment, work participation, and job performance. Therefore, measuring two variables of quality of work life and organizational commitment is important for all employees of organizations, including emergency nurses, who are important members of the health service community. This study aimed to determine the relationship between quality of work life and organizational commitment among Iranian emergency nurses. Materials and Methods: A descriptive and correlational study was conducted in 2016. The study population included all emergency nurses working in one of the hospitals of Kerman Province, Iran. The data collection tool was the personal and occupational questionnaire, Walton quality of work life questionnaire, and Allen and Meier organizational commitment questionnaire. Data analysis was performed by using descriptive tests, the Pearson correlation and ANOVA statistics tests in SPSS V. 23. Results: The results showed that the quality of work life has a positive and significant relationship (r=0.49, P=0.017) with organizational commitment. More specifically, quality of work life is related to emotional commitment (r=0.44, P=0.001), normative commitment (r=0.40, P=0.003) and continuous commitment (r=0.33, P=0.015). Conclusion: Since the higher quality of work life brings more commitment for employees, managers can improve the essential components of working life quality of nurses by adopting appropriate solutions, and providing the necessary conditions for improving the quality of service provision and productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Rethinking testing mode: Should I offer my next chemistry test on paper or computer?
- Author
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Prisacari, Anna Agripina and Danielson, Jared
- Subjects
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CHEMISTRY students , *EXAMINATIONS , *ACADEMIC achievement , *ANALYSIS of variance , *CHEMISTRY education - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare student performance on two proctored quizzes and one practice test taken in paper-based or computer-based testing mode using an equal number of algorithmic, conceptual, and definition questions to examine the effect of testing mode when students take multiple tests in class. Data were collected from 221 students enrolled in a general chemistry course at a Midwestern university. After learning the material in lecture, students completed two quizzes: Quiz 1 and Quiz 2. One quiz was delivered on paper and another quiz was taken on computer. Each quiz tested student understanding of different chemistry concepts and the quizzes were proctored on different days. Several days after Quiz 2, students took a practice test that tested the knowledge of Quiz 1 and Quiz 2 with different yet similar questions, and again, the testing mode of the practice test was either paper-and-pencil or computer. After each quiz and the practice test, students received feedback on their performance. Differences in performance between the quizzes and the practice test were measured with normalized gains and the differences between the normalized gains for each condition were analyzed using an Analysis of Variance. The results showed no significant testing mode effects among the four conditions overall, or for algorithmic, conceptual, or definition type of questions. Altogether, the results of the present study do not provide evidence to suggest that instructors need to be concerned about testing mode (paper versus computer) when designing and administering chemistry tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. WASP (Write a Scientific Paper) using Excel 9: Analysis of variance
- Author
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Victor Grech
- Subjects
Analysis of Variance ,Biomedical Research ,Computer science ,business.industry ,education ,Microsoft excel ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Biostatistics ,Medical Writing ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Software ,030225 pediatrics ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Statistics ,Analysis of variance ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Statistical hypothesis testing - Abstract
Analysis of variance (ANOVA) may be required by researchers as an inferential statistical test when more than two means require comparison. This paper explains how to perform ANOVA in Microsoft Excel.
- Published
- 2018
49. Optimization of ink consumption in screen printing within color difference limits.
- Author
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Özdemir, Lutfi, Kurt, Mustafa Batuhan, Akgül, Ahmet, Oktav, Mehmet, and Nayci Duman, Mujgan
- Subjects
SCREEN process printing ,COLOR printing ,TAGUCHI methods ,INK ,ANALYSIS of variance ,POISSON regression - Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to optimize the key parameters (mesh count, paper type and ink type) in screen printing, which are affecting the printed ink volume. The objective of the optimization was to maximize the color reliability by decreasing the color difference (ΔE value) of the prints while minimizing the ink consumption. Screen printing is still dominating the printing industry to make cost-effective production when high volumes are needed. Design/methodology/approach: The experiment was designed using the Taguchi method, and the samples were prepared with screen-printing by using the standard squeegee angle and pressure. The effect of mesh count, ink type and paper type on ink consumption was evaluated with using analysis of variances and main effects plots of S/N ratio and standard deviation. Findings: The factors ink type, paper type and mesh count were found significant for ink consumption due to their Probability (P) values which were lower than 0.05. It was determined that the mesh count was the most critical variable with the analysis of variance. The analysis showed that the selection of an optimum mesh count was the key to controlling the amount of the deposited ink. Although mesh counts were inversely proportional with the ink consumptions, they did not affect the color differences as expected. Originality/value: The optimization of process parameters, that are most effective on the print quality, is necessary to minimize the ink usage and lower the costs and environmental impact without exceeding the desired ΔE value limits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Determination of Nickel and Cobalt in Cosmetic Products Marketed in Iraq Using Spectrophotometric and Microfluidic Paper-based Analytical Device (µPADs) Platform.
- Author
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Abdulkareem, Ekhlas A. and Abdulsattar, Jwan O.
- Subjects
NICKEL ,COBALT ,ION analysis ,ANALYSIS of variance ,LIPSTICK - Abstract
Two quantitative, environment-friendly and easily monitored assays for Ni (II) and Co (III) ions analysis in different lipstick samples collected from 500-Iraqi dinars stores located in Baghdad were introduced. The study was based on the reaction of nickel (II) ions with dimethylglyoxime (DMG) reagent and the reaction of cobalt (III) ions with 1-nitroso-2-naphthol (NN) reagent to produce colored products. The color change was measured by spectrophotometric method at 565 nm and 430 nm for Ni and Co, respectively, with linear calibration graphs in the concentration range 0.25-100 mg L-1 (Ni) and 0.5-100 mg L -1 (Co) and LOD and LOQ of 0.11 mg L-1 and 0.36 mg L-1 (Ni), and 0.15 mg L-1 and 0.49 mg L-1 (Co). The UV/VIS data was compared to the results obtained by a novel microfluidic paper-based analytical device (µPAD) platform offering in-situ and cost-effect assay with a similar calibration graph with LOD and LOQ of 0.21 mg L-1 and 0.70 mg L-1 (Ni), and 0.22 mg L-1 and 0.75 mg L-1 (Co). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated no significant difference between the UV/VIS, µPAD, and standard atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) assay Ftab= 3.46 is much higher than FStat = 0.13 (Ni) and Ftab= 3.46 is much higher than FStat = 0.02 (Co). Also, a good correlation between results via the three methods was found. Thus, the µPAD platform offers a solid base for providing valuable information outside centralized laboratories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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