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The biomass content of material from pulp and paper production (a mixture of waste and paper and thin layer packaging plastics) is determined by the adapted balance method. This novel approach is a combination of combustion elemental analysis (CHNSO) and a data reconciliation algorithm based on successive linearisation for evaluation of the analysis results. It also involves less effort and expense than conventional procedures. However, the CHNSO technique only handles small mass amounts (few hundred milligrams), so cryogenic impact milling was applied for particle size reduction below 200 µm in order to generate homogeneous, representative analysis samples. The investigation focuses on the parameters biogenic content as a percentage of the total mass xB and xB (TC), which is the biomass stated as a fraction of the total carbon value. The results are within 1%-5% of the data obtained by the reference methods, namely the selective dissolution method and (14)C- method. Additionally, advantages and drawbacks of the adapted balance method in comparison with standard methods are discussed, showing that the adapted balance method is a method to be considered for the determination of biomass content in solid recovered fuels or similar materials., (© The Author(s) 2014.)

The preference of preschool children for interactive traditional paper books has long been proved. More novel than traditional interactive books are the Augmented Reality (AR) books, which took a place in the book market for more than a decade now. For this study, we have used the Mosaic approach as a form of participatory research. The main methods used included children's presentations, interviews, observations, photo-taking, and taking part in a voting procedure. Our findings showed that the requirements for using AR books are not yet met by mobile devices that the youngest users have, so their audience is still limited. Even though the AR book seemed to be more promising for engaging children's attention longer, this was not possible because of the constraints imposed by the very delicate screen handling and children expressed their preference for the traditional interactive book. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An essay is presented which discusses the relationship between the theft of paper, the use of paper as a food wrapper for cheese and London, England's book industry from 1750 through 1799. An overview of the theft of paper from London printers and booksellers and its sale to cheese shops is provided.

Cet article examine les pages de garde contenues dans des reliures cartonnées et brochées de cinq textes du dix-huitième siècle français. Ces spécimens démontrent qu'il y des livres qui se doivent d'être conservés intacts comme artéfacts, étant donné que leurs feuillets jaunis par le temps peuvent fournir des indices sur le lieu et l'époque où ils ont été reliés, produits et diffusés, voire même donner un aperçu sur l'exercice de la censure. Il en va de même pour le travail de reliure le plus routinier pratiqué sur des ouvrages anciens, lequel peut faciliter notre compréhension des opérations commerciales jadis en vigueur. Le premier spécimen à l'étude est l'Histoire critique de la philosophie de Deslandes publiée par Jean Nourse à Londres en 1742. La typographie indique toutefois que l'ouvrage fut imprimé en Hollande. Même si ce livre fut frappé d'interdiction par le gouvernement français, les pages de garde donnent à penser qu'il fut relié en France. Le deuxième exemple est un pamphlet politique clandestin intitulé Influence du despotisme de l'Angleterre [1781] imprimé probablement à Neuchâtel et Besançon. La page de garde placée à la fin du livre est une page de titre de l'édition de 1779 ou 1780 de La Boussole imprimée par le même imprimeur de Besançon, ce qui suppose que la reliure fut fabriquée à cet endroit. Le troisième ouvrage est une traduction du Tableau de l'Angleterre et de l'Italie par Archenholtz et publiée à Strasbourg en 1788. Si l'on se fie à des événements survenus en septembre 1793 et rapportés par des journaux français de l'époque, la datation des pages de garde coïncide avec une période trouble de l'histoire politique et économique du pays, ce qui explique en partie la mauvaise qualité de la reliure. Le quatrième texte est l'Analyse des ouvrages de J.J. Rousseau publiée par la Veuve Duchesne à Paris en 1785. Comme l'ouvrage comporte un feuillet tiré d'un roman raté d'un dénommé Monvel publié par Duchesne une décennie plus tôt, on peut présumer que la reliure fut réalisée à Paris. Enfin le cinquième spécimen et non le moins intéressant est un pamphlet royaliste daté de 1789. La page de garde se trouvant à la fin du livre consiste en un feuillet tiré de la première édition in-octavo des Mémoires de Saint-Simon publiés par Buisson en octobre 1788. Si l'on compare cet exemple avec une édition in-douze de Buisson (1788), il appert que le censeur fit plus de coupures dans l'in-octavo que dans le format plus petit. La reliure fut sans doute réalisée à Paris au début de l'année 1789. Les feuillets supprimés auraient été probablement vendus à un cartonnier comme c'était l'usage à l'époque mais, dans ce cas-ci, ils furent utilisés par un relieur de manière que le texte censuré soit aisément lisible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents several books related to library and book collection. They include "Book Talk: Essays on Books, Booksellers, Collecting, and Special Collections," by Robert H. Jackson and Carol Zeman Rothkoph, "Blueprint for Your Library Marketing Plan: A Guide to Help You Survive and Thrive," by Patricia H. Fisher and Marseille M. Pride, "Burning Books and Leveling Libraries: Extremist Violence and Cultural Destruction," by Rebecca Knuth and "Developing Library and Information Center Collections," by G. Edward Evans and Margaret Zarnosky Saponaro.

The article investigates whether an electronic book (e-book) reading machine is more environmentally friendly than paper books and other paper reading materials. Figures concerning the number of trees that are required to support the book trade are cited. The environmental benefits of reduced paper use are examined. Analysis of the manufacture and life cycle of an e-book revealed that paper texts created 4 times the greenhouse gas emissions and required more water and raw materials to produce.

Copyright of Papers of the Bibliographical Society of Canada / Cahiers de la Société Bibliographique du Canada is the property of Bibliographical Society of Canada and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Discusses the choice of book wholesalers on whether to purchase cloth- or paper-bound books. Factors that a buyer takes into consideration when buying simultaneous editions; Disadvantages of choosing paper alternates.

This work discusses the trade of bound books in 16th century Poland. Its first part presents some insights into this topic based on extant archival sources, including earlier studies. In the centuries following the invention of the printing press, books were generally sold in the form of loose sheets, and binding was to be commissioned by the buyer. Those trading in books - booksellers, printers and bookbinders - could also have the books bound before offering them for sale. So far this topic has not received broader attention, though numerous remarks about books being bound for sale appeared e.g. in the works of Monika Jaglarz (Księgarstwo krakowskie XVI wieku, Kraków 2004) and Edward Różycki (Z dziejów książki we Lwowie w XVII wieku, Katowice 1991). The primary sources of information are here 16th century booksellers' inventories, preserved in the Krakow City Archives, such as those of Piotr Reismoller, Maciej Szarfenberg and Zacheusz Kessner bookshops. Next to unbound copies, those inventories list between 10 and 20 percent of bound books (ligata). There are also records of cooperation between bookbinders and booksellers, who probably commissioned the binding of some copies for sale (e.g. contracts between the publisher and bookseller Jan Haller, and the bookbinders Piotr Walde and Henryk Süssmund). Such cooperation is also evidenced by large quantities of waste paper used in the bindings, coming from a single printing house, which hints at collaboration of the printer Łazarz Andrysowicz and the bookbinder Jerzy Moeller. Traces of bound book trade have been found not only in Krakow, but also in Lwów, Poznań and Warszawa. Bound books were also sold by bookbinders, as witnessed by the 16th century inventories of Maciej Przywilcki and Stefan Terepetka, listing the prices and types of bindings of the copies being offered for sale. The second part of this work presents two copies of the Polish translation of the Bible, published in Krakow in 1599, which had probably been bound before sale. Of special interest among the decorations on the bindings are the titles Biblia impressed with a woodcut block, an empty oval cartouche with room for a coat of arms, and a quote from the Book of Joshua, pressed onto the front cover. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The focus of this article is on how to create books or other paper products that have a significantly reduced, if any, impact on the environment. To achieve this involves integrating the principles of the three Ds—dematerialization, detoxification, and decarbonization (or de-energizaiion)—and the three Rs—reduction, re-use, and recycling—into how products are designed, created, developed, and manufactured. The aim is to look at how businesses, and publishing in particular, are responding to the need for change, and at what they are doing to reduce the size of their environmental. footprint. This article was originally published as a chapter in The Green Design and Print Production Handbook (Ilex, 2013). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the impact of paper trends in publishing books to several print publishers and paper suppliers. With the demand of eco-friendly papers, various industries were encouraged in meeting the needs of customers due to initiatives given by the government. Scholastic Corp., the publisher of "Harry Potter" book series in the U.S., had purchased nearly 22 million pounds of paper certified by the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC). Based on the standards of FCS, the paper used in printing must contain at least 30% post-consumer waste fiber. According to Canadian publisher Raincoast Books, the Canadian editions of "Harry Potter" were printed on 100% ancient-forest free and 100% post-consumer recycled paper.

Copyright of Journal of the Institute of Conservation is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Recent work in early modern English collecting and bookbinding has shown the extent to which readers viewed books as malleable collections rather than unified totalities. This essay expands our understanding of these practices by examining a series of volumes collected and bound during the second half of the seventeenth century. These volumes show texts transformed by their proximity to other, often incongruous imprints, as well as readers registering their own presence amidst the chaotic print world of Civd War England. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on the environmental responsibility of the U.S. publishing industry. The American Association of University Presses (AAUP) holds strongly to the tenet that the content of books and journals is uniquely valuable to the world. For years a number of university press representatives, notably Cornell University Press Design and Production Manager Deborah Bruner and University of California Press Design and Production Director Tony Crouch, have been educating the AAUP community about the ecological impacts of the business. Due in large part to such efforts, recycled-content paper use and other environmentally conscious practices has long been a goal, if not a reality, for many publishers. Higher prices (whether perceived or in reality) and limited choices have historically prevented these goals from being pursued. As of 2005, however, the Canadian group Markets Initiative (MI) has demonstrated a successful model for bringing ecologically friendly practices to book publishers. MI works on both ends--convincing paper manufacturers and printers to develop and stock new, better quality eco-papers, and bringing together enough publishers to create a critical level of demand. In 2002, Canada's industry initiative model was adopted in the U.S. by an organization called the Green Press Initiative.

Book Information Digital Access to Book Trade Archives: Papers of the 2001 Conference in the Hague. Digital Access to Book Trade Archives: Papers of the 2001 Conference in the Hague Berry Dongelmans Ad Leerintveld Adriaan van der Weel Leiden Academic Press Leiden 2002 viii + 83 90 74372 23 6 Edited by Berry Dongelmans; Ad Leerintveld; Adriaan van der Weel . Academic Press Leiden. Leiden. Pp. viii + 83. 90 74372 23 6, 90 74372 23 6. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Book publishing companies navigate the interplay between localization and globalization seamlessly, yet the cadence at which global dynamics infiltrate local markets unfolds at different rhythms. Using publicly available data about the performance of Romanian book publishers, this paper explores the local market and its dynamics from 2018 to 2021. The results indicate "an inactivity trend" among enterprises: more than 40% of companies could not generate a net profit, and more than 50% had no employees. The prevalence of SMEs (small and medium-sized enterprises) over big companies is an intrinsic characteristic of the Romanian market. Although compared to bigger companies, SMEs manage to translate sales into profitability, over 70% of small and medium-sized companies have a turnover below 60,000 Euros. The paper concludes by highlighting growth opportunities, such as tapping into the Romanian diaspora and exploring the correlation between book sales, university locations, and the role of academic institutions in shaping reading habits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes actions recently taken by the government, scholarly publishers, and researchers to face the COVID-19 challenge in China. By promulgating new policies and funding new programs, the Chinese government at all levels has provided huge support for research on COVID-19. Guided by the new policies, Chinese scholarly book publishers have published 124 new titles on the subject of the coronavirus. Journal publishers have put out numerous calls for papers and launched open access platforms for COVID-19 research. Chinese researchers have produced 2021 English-language papers and 2837 Chinese papers on COVID-19. These activities have the potential to affect scholarly publishing in China and around the world in multiple ways: 1) by establishing a more reasonable academic evaluation system in China; 2) by bringing about a more balanced relationship between Chinese scholarly publishers' profit motive and their commitment to social welfare; and 3) by altering the communication channels that Chinese researchers use and the publishing choices they make. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) book is an indispensable carrier for the implementation of the strategy for invigorating China through science and education. Developing high-quality TCM book publishing industry plays a very important role in training TCM talents, improving the quality of TCM education, and enhancing the confidence in the traditional culture. This paper reviewed the historical process of the TCM book publishing industry from its beginning to the present, and proposed nine problems for promoting the high-quality development of TCM book publishing in the current environment, aiming at the pain points and difficulties existing in the current development of the publishing industry. It fundamentally points out the development direction and coping strategies of the future TCM book publishing, and promotes the high-quality development of the benign, orderly and sustainable publishing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid reception of Gregor Mendel’s paper ‘Experiments on plant hybrids’ (1866) in the early decades of the twentieth century remains poorly understood. We will suggest that this reception should not exclusively be investigated as the spread of a theory, but also as the spread of an experimental and computational protocol. Early geneticists used Mendel’s paper, as well as reviews of Mendelian experiments in a variety of other publications, to acquire a unique combination of experimental and mathematical skills. We will analyse annotations in copies of Mendel’s paper itself, in early editions and translations of this paper, and in early textbooks, such as Reginald Punnett’s Mendelism (1905) or Wilhelm Johannsen’s Elemente der exakten Erblichkeitslehre (1909). We will examine how readers used copies of such works to reproduce the logic behind Mendelian experiments, either by recalculating results, or by retracing the underlying combinatorial reasoning. We will place particular emphasis on the emergent role of diagrams in teaching and learning the practice of Mendelian genetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides information on the concept of end-paper advertising. In the present century there have been many ingenious developments; but to study the phenomenon of end-paper advertising at its most memorable one may well confine the investigations to the high Victorian era and the years before the First World War. Before proceeding, however, it is necessary to remark that there have been important business organizations not primarily engaged in publishing which have used books as a means of drawing attention to vendible commodities of a non-literary nature. These include Lever Brothers of Port Sunlight, and Boots Cash Chemists, the Nottingham-based pharmaceutical company. There were two sides to Jesse Boot's incursions into publishing. From a study of end-paper advertising one can gain some insight into a number of related phenomena. Perhaps the first thing to strike anyone who looks into this matter is the astonishing number of reputable publishing concerns often capable of producing very high quality work, which have been almost entirely forgotten.

Copyright of TESAM Academy Journal is the property of Tesam Academy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Society has always relied on education for the building of progress ever since the dawn of history, and books have always been strong agents of change no matter the shape they came in (papyrus, codex, handwritten manuscripts, printed books, digital books, etc.). For this reason, analyzing the interplay between education and books is valuable and necessary if we wish to get a better sense of society at any moment. This paper explores how education and the book industry intersect in today's Romanian society. However, it also proposes a possible solution for strengthening their relationship and opening new horizons for culture and research. More specifically, my analysis focuses on children's literature since children's education is considered an investment into the future of society in modern democratic states. In the case of Romania, it is unfortunate that this type of literature is somewhat neglected compared to other countries, but this should never be a good enough reason for not trying to create more creative contexts to improve the situation. Drawing inspiration from what other countries are doing to develop bridges between education and the children's book market, but at the same time highlighting essential initiatives in Romania that can become reliable engines of change, I strongly advocate for the necessity and possibility of creating a Romanian House of Children's Literature, open to supporting researchers, professionals, and families in their shared mission to ensure quality development of children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discharging untreated highly acidic (pH<4.0), organic and nutrients rich monosodium glutamate wastewater (MW), and highly alkaline (pH>10.0) paper-mill wastewater (PW) causes environmental pollution. When acidity of MW neutralized (pH 6.5±0.1) with PW and lime (treatments represented as MW+PW and MW+Lime), then MW may be utilized as a potential source of nutrients and organic carbon for sustainable food production. Objectives of this study were to compare the effects of PW and lime neutralized MW and chemical fertilizers on maize (Zea mays L. cv. Snow Jean) plant growth, yield, nutrients uptake, soil organic matter and humic substances. The field experiment was carried out on maize using MW at 6000 L ha(-1). Impacts of the MW application on maize crop and soil properties were evaluated at different stages. At harvest, plant height, and plant N and K uptake were higher in MW treatment. Leaf area index at 60 days after sowing, plant dry matter accumulation at harvest, and kernels ear(-1) and 100-kernel weight were higher in MW+Lime treatment. Kernel N, P, K, Mn, Fe and Zn, and plant Zn uptake were highest in MW+Lime. Plant Fe uptake, and soil organic matter and humic substances were highest in MW+PW. The MW+PW and MW+Lime treatments exhibited comparable results with chemically fertilized treatment. The MW acidity neutralized with lime showed positive impacts on growth, yield and nutrients uptake; nevertheless, when MW pH neutralized with PW has an additional benefit on increase in soil organic matter and humic substances., (Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

The article provides a brief analysis of several reviews of nonfiction books published in the "New West Indian Guide" (NWIG) journal, and mentions the publishers and the state of the Caribbean book publishing.

This paper presents the rapid and dynamic transition of the Bulgarian book from the Late Middle Ages to Modernity between 1806 and 1878. Special attention is paid to the work of Hristo G. Danov—one of the founders of modern Bulgarian book publishing, book printing and book trade. His business spread within the vast geographical area of Central and Eastern Europe, between the Austrian and Ottoman Empires' capitals. The research focuses on topics such as transnational book communication, book travel from place to place and multilingual printing book context. It presents how the printed book as a new means of text dissemination was used during the Bulgarian Revival—the difficult process that had to balance with many geopolitical, religious and social factors, as well as characteristics of daily life in the Ottoman Empire. Besides the Bulgarian national context, this paper refers to the organization of book publishing in geographical and economic aspects, the pursuit of an intellectual project through an active search for authors, texts and ideas, and the relation between book publishing and politics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – The paper aims to explore and identify the recent contributions to the literature available about various environmental issues associated with the Knowledge Industry, from conception until dissemination of knowledge to end-users from the sources available. Design/methodology/approach – An extensive literature survey was performed in an attempt to identify substantial works published to date concerning environmental issues coupled with the Knowledge Industry. A range of online scholarly databases, search engines and websites of recognized international as well as national organizations and publishers was searched, to spot out the substantial works carried out in the area. Varied search terms such as "environmental issues of paper industry", "paper consumption for books", "books and carbon footprint" "environmental issues in pulp and paper industry", "computers and carbon footprint", "publishing industry and environment", "internet and environmental issues" and "green computing", etc. were used for retrieving the literature. Findings – The literature review connotes that hardly any systematic study or scholarly output which can facilitate the precise and accurate facts about environmental issues coupled with the Knowledge Industry is available, although the size of the industry and its effect on the environment is quite large. Practical implications – It is evident from the scrutiny of literature existing that there are still areas for advanced exploration on the topic of environmental concerns of the Knowledge industry; and study paves the way for the concerned organizations and institutions (such as Libraries and Publishers), at global level, to take substantial measures to overcome hazardous effects from the industry. Originality/value – The paper is the first ordered and thorough attempt to review the literature and provide a summary of adverse effects of the Knowledge Industry on the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A major bottleneck in the time required to publish a scientific or scholarly paper is the speed with which reviews by peers are returned to journals. Peer review is a reciprocal altruistic system in which each individual may perform every task--editors, reviewers, and authors--at different times. Journals have no way to coerce reviewers to return their critiques faster. To greatly shorten the time to publication, all actors in this altruistic network should abide by the Golden Rule of Reviewing: review for others as you would have others review for you. Say yes to reviewing whenever your duties and schedule allow; provide a thorough, fair, and constructive critique of the work; and do it at your first opportunity regardless of the deadline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We are delighted to announce the launch of the Journal of Physics A Best Paper Prize. There will be three prizes worth £250 each awarded annually for well written papers that make an outstanding contribution to the field. All articles published during the two years prior to the award, including Fast Track Communications, regular papers, topical reviews and special issue papers, can be considered for a prize. The papers will be judged in May each year using the criteria of novelty, achievement, impact and presentation. We would now like to welcome nominations for prizes to be awarded in 2009. Eligible articles must have been published in volume 40 (2007) or 41 (2008). Papers can be nominated by our Editorial Board members (who are exempt from the competition) or by readers of the journal. Please send an email to the journal editorial office (jphysa@iop.org) giving the publication details of the paper and stating (in no more than 1000 words) how it meets the criteria listed above. Authors cannot nominate their own papers. The closing date for nominations is 31 January 2009. The first set of awards will be announced following the 2009 Editorial Board meeting and winners will receive their prizes shortly thereafter. The winners' articles will be featured on the journal homepage and showcased in IOPSelect (http://www.iop.org/Select/). For further information please contact the editorial office (jphysa@iop.org). Carl M Bender Editor-in-Chief Neil Scriven Publisher [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]