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An experiment designed to predict the lifetime of the Xuan paper using the viscosity method is introduced in the form of group collaboration. This experiment is targeted at junior students who majored in conservation of cultural relics, with eight groups involved. Using a jacketed viscometer, the intrinsic viscosity of the two types of undegraded and degraded Xuan papers was determined, and the corresponding degree of polymerization (DP) was calculated. Then data were collected from all groups, and degradation rates of the papers were then calculated, which were then used to predict the life expectancy of the Xuan papers. The aim was to enhance students’ teamwork skills, practical experience, problem-solving abilities, data analysis, and scientific research capabilities, while also guiding them to apply their chemical knowledge to practical conservation for paper-based objects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the era of informatization and digitization, the rapid increase in the number of scientific papers has given rise to various challenges, such as lengthy articles, difficulty in information extraction and high time costs associated with reading. Literature reading challenges for researchers are increasingly tedious and time-consuming. By utilizing the language models, the assited reading system of scientific papers has been designed to address these challenges. By adopting machine reading comprehension technology as the core, the system parses scientific texts and offers some common questions to achieve automated response capabilities. By fully utilizing the pre-trained language model PERT, the system enhances its capabilities in semantic understanding and information extraction, effectively resolving various challenges in reading scientific papers and helping readers improve the efficiency of scientific literature review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three kinds of commercial ink-jet printing paper were taken as the research objects, which were represented by sample A, sample B and sample C respectively. Sample A and sample C were domestic products Abbott and Jiayi, and sample B was foreign product Gulou. The structure and composition of the three sample coatings were determined, and the surface properties of the three coatings were analyzed. This helps to understand the performance status of inkjet paper products on the market, and has guiding significance for the study of various factors affecting the performance of inkjet paper coatings. AFM and SEM were used to observe the surface morphology of the three samples. It was found that the coating pigment particles of sample A and sample B had good dispersion uniformity, and the coating pigment particles of sample C aggregated and the dispersion uniformity was poor. The results of cross-section SEM and EDS analysis show that only sample B coating has a double-layer structure, in which the bottom layer is aluminum-based pigment and silicon-based pigment, and the surface layer is only aluminum-based pigment. The coatings of sample A and sample C are single-layer aluminum-based materials. The properties of the coating surface of the three samples were analyzed. The results showed that the basic properties of the three samples met the product quality standards. Among them, the coating of sample B had the highest gloss (74.30%), hardness (3H) and water resistance. In terms of ink absorption, the ink absorption of sample B coating (64.7%) was higher than that of sample C (57.9%), slightly lower than that of sample A (69.2%). Sample B had the best comprehensive performance among the three samples. Finally, a double-layer coating process scheme for improving the performance of inkjet printing paper is proposed, which provides a direction for improving the performance of inkjet printing paper and has practical significance for the research of advanced inkjet printing paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons is a comprehensive work of ancient Chinese literary theory. By visual analysis of relevant research, we can deeply sort out the academic context of "Dragon Studies" and grasp its development trends. Using the bibliometric tools CiteSpace and Vosviewer, and taking 703 core documents from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) as data samples, this paper drew various knowledge maps of the temporal and spatial distribution of documents and the evolution of the research trends, and quantitatively studied the research status of The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons. The results show that the research on "Dragon Studies" has gone through three stages: initial stage, growth stage and deepening stage. Based on the university department tradition, the main author groups and research institutions have formed, but the cooperation intensity between them is not high. The construction of the "Dragon Studies" system, comparison of classics, creation theory and English translation are hot topics of common focus. Its English translation and its relationship with Chinese literary theory will continue to be prominent in future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Utilizing the iron-carbon microelectrolysis technology to carry out in-depth treatment of waste paper and pulp wastewater, the optimal process parameters were determined based on single factor experiments. In addition, the response surface methodology was employed to optimize the process parameters by analyzing the experimental results. Under the optimized conditions, the excita1tion-emission-matrix spectra and GC-MS were used to analyze the water quality of the treated wastewater. The results showed that the optimal treatment conditions of iron-carbon microelectroly1sis process were initial pH=3.0, filler addition amount 255g L-1, reaction time 120 min, aeration amount 0.9 L min-1, and the COD removal efficiency was 32. 14% under these conditions; the maximum predicted value of COD removal rate calculated under the optimal process conditions was 34.57% from the response surface analysis, which was basically consistent with the experimental results. The results of excitation-emission-matrix spectra analysis showed that the iron-carbon micro1electrolysis process was effective in degrading humic acid and fulvic acid in waste paper and paper wastewater, and GC-MS analysis showed that the relative content of eicosanoids in wastewater was reduced from 43.31% to 4.79% of the original water after the iron-carbon microelectrolysis treat1ment, but a small amount of new pollutants were generated at the same time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To solve the environmental pollution and harm to human health caused by the use of adhesives in traditional paperboard, the development of environmentally friendly mycelium paperboard has become a hot topic. Due to the high dipole moment and hydrogen bonding between macromolecules, hyphae can form clamp shaped connection structures for nutrient reproduction and transfer, and can grow on natural agricultural waste, forming a natural biocomposite material. This study determined the combination of Ganoderma weberianum/corn straw, and designed single factor cultivation conditions such as cultivation time, straw particle size, and fructose addition to explore the effects on the mechanical properties, waterproof properties, and thermal decomposition performance of the hyphal paperboard formed by hot pressing. The optimal cultivation process was obtained through orthogonal experiments. The experimental results indicate that various factors have varying degrees of influence on the edgewise strength, flexural stiffness, and static bending strength and waterproofness of paperboard. Firstly, when the cultivation time was 30 days, the flexural stiffness reached 16.63 mN/m, which was 21.2% higher than the flexural stiffness of kraft paper (13.10 mN/m). Moreover, with the increase of cultivation time, the water absorption (24 hours) had also decreased from 3.92% to 1.27%. Secondly, previous research results have shown that the addition of fructose, glucose, and sucrose increases the biomass growth rate of strains. In this study, fructose was chosen as an exogenous nutrient, and the results showed that when a mass fraction of 5% fructose was added, the mechanical properties were the best, with a flexural stiffness of 18.87 mN/m, which was 30.5% higher than that of kraft paper (13.10 mN/m). Thirdly, the particle size of the sbstrate has a significant impact on the appearance and properties of the material. The results show that, from the appearance perspective, the mycelium paperboard made of 0.165～0.250 mm particle size has the closest appearance and feel to kraft paper. At the same time, during the testing period, it was found that the mycelium paperboard made of 0.165～0.250 mm straw was the least prone to deformation and loosening, and the molding effect was significantly improved compared to other components. In terms of mechanical properties, the edgewise strength increased by 17.4%, the static bending strength increased by 14.9%, and the flexural stiffness increased by 57.3%. The experimental results show that the degree of influence of various factors on the edgewise strength, flexural stiffness, and static bending strength of paperboard is in the order of particle size, cultivation time,fructose addition amount. When the particle size is 0.165～0.250 mm, the cultivation time is 30 days, and the fructose addition of 5.0%, the edgewise strength of the prepared paperboard is 14.36 N/mm, the static bending strength is 10.89 MPa, and the flexural stiffness is 33.09 mN/m. As the particle size decreases, the water absorption rate and water thickness expansion rate of the paperboard after 24 hours of water absorption decrease to 0.86% and 0.59%. The mycelium paperboard prepared by different single factors has the same thermal decomposition process, starting at around 150 ℃ and reaching its maximum at 350 ℃. This study provides a reference basis for the development and application of mycelium composite materials in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An innovative experimental approach based on a microfluidic paper-based chip has been designed for specific detection of Escherichia coli (E. coli). The chip is fabricated for detecting E. coli in water samples. The main contents include the preparation of paper chips, lysis of E. coli on the chip, detection of E. coli, optimization of detection conditions, and detection of E. coli in actual samples. This experiment integrates cutting-edge disciplines, demonstrating robust comprehensive and innovative characteristics. It aligns with the practical education concept marked by the progression from “basic experiment → comprehensive experiment → research-oriented experiment”, effectively strengthening students’ capacities for problem analysis and solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Test paper, a type of paper product chemically treated to produce color changes in response to specific substances, serves as a valuable tool for rapid detection and analysis. This experiment, based on the surface modification of glass fiber filter paper, introduces a heavy metal ion detection test paper designed with the fluorescence sensing characteristics of rare earth complexes. The test paper demonstrates its effectiveness and convenience in detecting heavy metal ions in water sources. The innovative test paper proves highly useful in addressing heavy metal ion contamination in water, emphasizing the significant role of chemistry in advancing ecological civilization. The simplified, safe, and environmentally friendly process of creating the test paper yields a practical and user-friendly product. This experiment not only educates on the general production and testing principles of test papers but also sparks students' interest in scientific exploration and application. The experiment, characterized by its simplicity, repeatability, low entry barrier, environmental friendliness, and safety, possesses a unique color aesthetic, leaving a lasting impression. It is suitable for conducting popular science experiments in public places and promoting awareness in experimental teaching across various educational levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of flexible electronics industry, the conventional PET, PEN and other plastic substrates are unable to satiate the requirement due to higher cost and low light extraction efficiency. Paper has broad prospects as a flexible substrate due to its wide access, low-cost and thinness. In this paper, we integrated epoxy resin into sulfuric acid paper to fabricate a new type of substrate: plastic-paper. The plastic-paper has excellent optical properties, mechanical properties as well as water and chemical stability, as found through testing. Results show that the surface flatness and wettability of the paper are improved by the application of epoxy resin coating. The plastic-paper has a high optical transmittance up to 88.25%, reaching the same level with PET substrate. And the plastic-paper also has a high transmittance haze of 62.9%, which is far higher than PET substrate. The plastic-paper has a tensile strength up to 108.4 MPa, along with excellent water and chemical stability. Successful fabrication the organic light-emitting device on the plastic-paper surface and emitted uniform light based on the principle of light-emitting electrochemical cell (LEC), under atmospheric condition. The best device performance with a maximum luminance of 396. 2 cd m-2, a maximum current efficiency of 0.64 cd A-1, which is 2.9 times higher than that of PET substrates, providing more excellent optoelectronic properties. The developed plastic-paper with high optical transmittance and high optical haze holds a great potential in flexible optoelectronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional paper dyes are easy to fade under photothermal conditions, in contrast. waterborne organic pigments have excellent tinctorial strength and high light and weather resistance, which can meet the requirements of highend paper yarn to coloring efficacy and light fastness of the colorants. However, the lack of chemical and hydrogen bonds between organic pigment particles and plant fibers, and the pigments are difficult to fix in the structure of the paper. In this study, cellulose nanofibers (CNF/TOCNF) were used as the primary skeleton network and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) macromolecules were used as the secondorder reinforcement network, together construct a multilevel gradient network to enclose and fix organic pigment particles. The dispersion and fixation of the pigment particles are realized by double coating. The results show that the coloring efficacy and colorfastness of the paper yarn base paper can be improved significantly by using the gradient network to fix the pigment particles, and has a positive effect on improving the strength and roughness of the paper. This study has an important role in solving the problem of coloring technology in the production of high-end paper yarn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A total of 479 government procurement contract announcement and 402 original contract texts for paper resources were collected and sorted from the "Government Procurement Contract Announcement System" of the China government procurement network in Double First-Class university libraries. Through statistical and textual analysis, this paper provides a comprehensive analysis of government procurement contracts for paper resources in double-class university libraries. It examines the overall situation and key terms of these contracts, identifies existing problems, and incorporates the latest laws, regulations, and business practices. It presents several optimization suggestions for the standardized management of government procurement contracts for paper resources in university libraries in China. These suggestions include: standardizing the process of signing and announcing contract information, avoiding the indiscriminate application of contract model text, strengthening the compliance review of contract amount/ price terms, refining product quality service standards and breach of contract liability terms, clearly stipulating settlement and payment terms, and refining the performance acceptance terms. These suggestions aim to provide a useful reference for improving the management of government procurement contracts in university libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to fully consider the random variation of sieving process parameters,this paper constructs the reliability-based optimization model for reconstituted tobacco process parameters,which taking the percentage of fibers below 12 mesh as the optimization objective,water flow rate and pulp concentration as the design parameters, and the percentage of fibers over 50 mesh as the probabilistic constraint. Firstly, the current process parameters are used as inheritance points for Latin hypercube sampling and screening experiments. Based on this, an initial Kriging model is constructed to fit the implicit relationship between water flow velocity, smoke slurry solid content, and the proportion of fiber mass below 12 mesh and above 50 mesh. And local adaptive sampling (LAS) was carried out to update the Kriging model to ensure the approximate accuracy of key positions at optimization iteration. Finally,Monte Carlo simulation (MCS)-Sequential quadratic programming (SQP) was used to solve the optimization model of screening process parameters. The results indicated that the optimized water flow rate and pulp concentration were 6.31 L/ min and 0.53%, respectively. Under this process parameter, the proportion of fiber below 12 mesh was 13.72%, which was 7.19% higher than before optimization. The proportion of fibers over 50 mesh was 17.65%, which was a decrease of 4.13% compared to before optimization. This method could meet the optimization requirements of screening process parameters for paper making reconstituted tobacco leaves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to fully reveal the characteristics of university library service innovation and provide enlightenment for the development of library science theories and based on analysis on CSSCI papers of case studies on university library services from 2020 to 2023, the article analyzes the characteristics of innovative service from the dimensions of types, themes and ideas, sorts out the innovation path, and discusses the essence of innovative service of university library. The results show that innovation is most active in basic services and comprehensive services, while the ten “Double First-Class” university libraries holding a higher number of innovative service cases. Among the popular innovation themes, popularity of topics such as reading promotion and information literacy education continued, while topics such as emergency services had a clear trend of concentration and significant characteristics of the times. The highly cited innovation case papers cover multiple topics but tend to be consistent in nature in terms of collaboration, multi-resource structure, and new media application. The essence of service innovation is to seek the best match between resources and needs, while technology is a tool to match resources and needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Banana fusarium wilt has a significant adverse effect on the banana industry. It is worth noting that fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense 4(Foc4) is one of the most devastating and widespread pathogens of banana fusarium wilt in the world. It is a catastrophic threat to the global banana industry. At present, there is still no technology that can cure bananas infected with banana fusarium wilt. Therefore, it is extremely important for banana planting industry to detect banana fusarium wilt in time and do a good job in prevention and control. In order to realize the early accurate detection of banana fusarium wilt race 4, this study proposed a detection method of double probe paper-based sensor based on colloidal gold, which increased the use of signal enhancement probes to increase the binding amount of colloidal gold, thereby reducing the detection limit. Two kinds of colloidal gold particles with different particle sizes were combined with the corresponding detection probes and signal enhancement probes to form a double gold label probe system. The large particle size colloidal gold was used with the detection probe, while the small particle size colloidal gold was paired with the signal enhancement probe. The sample being tested was mixed with this double gold-labeled probe system. The Foc4 target sequence in the sample would be paired with the double gold-labeled probe to form a ' gold-labeled probe-target sequence-T-line probe ' complex, which continued to migrate to the water-absorbing pad. The complex was captured on the test area of the sensor. Within 10 minutes, the test paper would generate a visible target product that could be observed by the naked eye at both the test line and the quality control line areas, thus achieving qualitative detection. For quantitative detection of Foc4, the light intensity of the test strip would be further analyzed using software. The light intensity peak area was obtained and substituted into the standard curve to obtain the concentration of Foc4 detected and realize quantitative detection. Experimental results demonstrate that the detection limit of the dual-probe paper-based sensor is 0.001 nmol/L, which is 100 times of that of the traditional paper-based sensor, and the detection sensitivity is improved. The sensitivity test results demonstrated a strong linear relationship between the concentration of Foc4 and the peak area of the test line light intensity within the concentration range of 0.001-1 000.000 nmol/L. This finding suggests that the sensor can be effectively employed for quantitative detection. To assess specificity, a high concentration of non-complementary probe was utilized as the target sequence for detection and compared with the detection results of samples containing Foc4. The experiment revealed the absence of a red band at the test line when the test paper was detected by the noncomplementary sequence. Importantly, this observation indicated that the presence of the non-complementary sequence had minimal impact on the detection effect, thus affirming the sensor's excellent specificity. Finally, the paper-based sensor was used to detect Foc4 in banana leaves. The average recovery rate was 77.6%-102.3%, and the relative standard deviation was 7.4%-7.7%, indicating that it can be used for on-site detection of Foc4. The detection technology possesses the characteristics of being low-cost and easy to operate. In comparison to traditional detection methods, it enables timely, rapid and accurately determination of the presence of Foc4. Compared with the existing molecular detection technology, the detection can be completed without the need of expensive equipment or specialized personnel. This feature makes it highly suitable for widespread use. The dual-probe paper-based sensor realizes the combination of nucleic acid lateral chromatography detection technology and banana fusarium wilt detection. Its potential for widespread adoption in the early disease warning system of the banana industry is substantial. Furthermore, this technology can be combined with traditional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and other techniques to facilitate on-site detection of Foc4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the uncertainty of market demand, the uncertainty of the number of returned products and the risk of facility interruption, the carbon quota policy and the construction of new energy facilities are taken as the key factors affecting the decision-making. A dual-objective robust optimization model with minimum total cost and carbon emissions of supply chain network is established, and a Prim-NSGA II algorithm is designed to solve the model. The effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by comparing with the IGD and SM indexes of the traditional NSGA II algorithm. The optimal network planning scheme under different uncertainties and the management countermeasures under different parameters are obtained. The results show that the algorithm achieves the purpose of accelerating the convergence speed and maintaining the diversity of the population. It is verified that the robust optimization model can realize the comprehensive improvement of the robustness, economic and environmental benefits of the closed-loop supply chain network, and provide decision-making basis for decision makers to formulate specific carbon emission reduction schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional federated learning faces challenges such as high communication costs, structural heterogeneity,and insufficient privacy protection. To address these issues, this paper proposes a federated learning evolutionary algorithm that applies sparse evolutionary training algorithm to reduce communication costs and integrates local differential privacy protection for participants’ privacy. Additionally, it utilizes the NSGA-Ⅲ algorithm to optimize the network structure and sparsity of the global federated learning model, adjusting the relationship between data availability and privacy protection. This achieves a balance between the effectiveness, communication costs, and privacy of the global federated learning model. Experimental results under unstable communication environments demonstrate that, on the MNIST and CIFAR-10 datasets, compared to the solution with the lowest error rate using the FNSGA-Ⅲ algorithm, the proposed algorithm improves communication efficiency by 57. 19% and 52. 17%, respectively. The participants also achieved（3. 46, 10-4） and（6. 52, 10-4）-local differential privacy. This algorithm can effectively reduce communication costs and protect participant privacy without significantly compromising the accuracy of the global model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to explore the nutritional value of sea buckthorn by-products and the antibacterial effects of their extracts on Escherichia coli. The experiment employed the sodium nitrite-aluminum nitrate method to determine flavonoid content, while alcohol extraction and water extraction methods were used to extract active substances from sea buckthorn by-products. The antibacterial effects of sea buckthorn by-product extracts on Escherichia coli were investigated by the filter paper method, perforation method, and broth dilution method. The results showed that the dry matter (DM) content of sea buckthorn by-products was 97.98%, ash content was 3.41%, crude protein (CP) content was 12.87%, and crude fat (EE) content was 22.48%. With the increase of sea buckthorn by-product addition, gas production showed a decreasing trend. Among alcohol extraction and water extraction methods, the constant broth dilution method exhibited the best antibacterial effect. In the alcohol extraction method, the filter paper method showed good antibacterial effect with an inhibition zone of 14.6 mm. In the water extraction method, the filter paper method did not exhibit a significant inhibition zone, and the perforation method was not significant in both alcohol extraction and water extraction methods. The study suggests that sea buckthorn by-products have rich nutritional value, and alcohol extraction is more effective in inhibiting Escherichia coli compared to water extraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The influence of the container soldering time on the appearance and internal quality of the finished cigarette was clarified. [Method] This paper independently developed a set of tools for measuring the tightness of strip transparent paper. With the tightness of strip transparent paper, the depression of strip transparent paper, the conventional chemical composition of tobacco, the release amount of conventional flue gas composition and the sensory quality as measuring indicators, the influences of different container soldering time on the quality of finished tobacco were compared. [Result] When the soldering iron temperature is lower than 135 ℃ and the time is less than 2 min, it has no significant influence on the dimness of the cigarette box, the tightness of the transparent paper, the chemical composition of the tobacco, the emission amount of the flue gas and the sensory quality. When the cigarette machine stops for a short time (no more than 2 minutes), it can start production normally without considering the influence of the fine container soldering iron. After the machine stops for more than 2 minutes, the strip cigarette staying on the soldering iron of the beautiful container should be taken out in time to avoid affecting the product quality. [Conclusion] The study provides a reference for the optimization of transparent paper packaging in cigarette production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] To find a new method for prevention and control of spider oocysts in tobacco fields. [Method] The effects of 3-methyleicosane, eucalyptol and wild chrysanthemum essential oil on the selection behavior of Atypus heterothecus were studied by Y-tube olfactometer and impregnated filter paper method. [Result] The combination of 3-methyleicosane, eucalyptol and wild chrysanthemum essential oil with reaching 91.67%, and had a significant repellent effect within 72 h. [Conclusion] The combination of three plant-derived substances, 3-different volume ratios had a good repellent effect on A. heterothecus, among which the volume ratio of 8:2:3 had the best repellent effect, methyleicosane, eucalyptol and wild chrysanthemum essential oil, as an efficient plant-derived repellent to prevent spider oocysts in tobacco fields has application prospects [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Due to the unstable drug release rate of uniaxial bone scaffolds, multi-structure composite printing methods have been sought in and outside China in recent years. Currently, coaxial drug-loaded bone scaffolds, which combine drug-loaded sustained release system with bone transplantation and repair technology, not only replace the defective bone after implantation, but also release drugs slowly, providing a microenvironment conducive to bone formation at the implant site. OBJECTIVE: To explore and assess the in vitro antibacterial properties of uniaxial and coaxial minocycline hydrochloride bone scaffolds. METHODS: Rapid prototyping technology was used to prepare uniaxial hydroxyapatite/silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol scaffold, uniaxial hydroxyapatite/silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol scaffold, coaxial hydroxyapatite/silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol scaffold, and coaxial hydroxyapatite/silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol scaffold, respectively, which were named S1, S2, T1 and T2. The morphology, porosity, degradation performance, in vitro sustained-release performance and cytotoxicity of scaffolds were characterized. Four kinds of bone scaffolds were immersed in PBS to prepare the extracts at different time points (1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days). The qualitative filter paper was placed into the extract for 24 hours. The filter paper was co-cultured with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum for 72 hours. The bacteriostatic effect of four groups of scaffolds was detected by the agar diffusion method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Scaffold characterization: Four groups of scaffolds were well formed. The surface of micro-wires in the S1 and S2 groups was dense and smooth, and the surface of micro-wires in the T1 and T2 groups was rough. Porosity was between 40%-47% and met the requirements of bone scaffolds. Compared with the S2 group, sustained release time was longer in the T2 group. The sustained release concentration of the drug was between 1- 10 μg/mL for a long time, which was more conducive to bacteriostasis and osteogenesis. After 10 weeks of immersion in PBS in vitro, the degradation rate of the coaxial printed bone scaffold was faster than that of the corresponding uniaxial printed bone scaffold, and the degradation rate of the coaxial loaded bone scaffold was lower than that of the coaxial non-loaded bone scaffold. The four groups of scaffold extracts were co-cultured with osteoblasts respectively. CCK-8 assay displayed that the cell proliferation rate was greater than 75%, which met the requirements of biocompatibility. (2) In vitro antibacterial effect: S1 and T1 did not have antibacterial activity. S2 and T2 had an obvious antibacterial effect. Under the extraction solution on day 28, the diameter of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum inhibition zone in the S2 group was smaller than that in the T2 group (P < 0.05). (3) These findings exhibit that hydroxyapatite/silk fibroin-polyvinyl alcohol scaffolds with coaxial minocycline have good physical properties and bacteriostatic properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nitrogen doped fluorescent carbon dots (N-CDs) with high quantum yield (QY=87. 76%) were synthesized by solvothermal method using diphenylamino-4-benzaldehyde and o-phenylenediamine as raw materials and ethanol as solvent. The optical properties of N-CDs in organic solvents and aqueous solutions were investigated, indicating that N-CDs have good solvent dependence and chemical stability. The addition of water constructed a hydrogen bonding grid in N-CDs, thereby achieving a redshift in emission wavelength, and the N-CDs solution changes from blue to yellow. Furthermore, based on the reversible color change from blue to yellow of N-CDs fluorescent test strips, a portable air humidity visualization detection test strip was prepared. In addition, N-CDs can also be used for fluorescent ink, writing paper, and fluorescent flexible films, which expanding their applications in information transmission, advanced anti-counterfeiting encryption, and solid-state fluorescence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Ischemic stroke is a highly prevalent disease associated with apoptosis. Neuronal death occurs after cerebral ischemia, including necrosis and apoptosis. The ischemic core region is dominated by necrosis, while delayed neuronal death in the penumbra is dominated by apoptosis. The penumbra has become a target for the treatment of ischemic stroke. This bibliometric analysis was used to identify the characteristics, hotspots, and frontiers of global scientific output related to apoptosis in ischemic stroke over the past 5 years. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the role of apoptosis and its mechanisms in the pathological process of ischemic stroke through a bibliometric approach. METHODS: A total of 927 relevant literature records from 2018 to 2022 were retrieved from Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-Expanded) and Social Science Citation Index Expanded (SSCI-Expanded) of the Web of Science Core Collection. Research trends and hotspots of apoptosis in ischemic stroke were visualized using Citespace, VOSviewer and Bibliometrix. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: From 2018 to 2020, the number of papers on the role of apoptosis in ischemic stroke showed an upward trend, but in 2020, the number of papers began to reduce. China had the largest number of publications, and the United States ranked the second. Capital Medical University and BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN were the institutions and journals with the most articles, respectively. In recent years, the two keywords “expression” and “oxidative stress” have appeared more frequently. The bibliometric study showed that in the past 5 years, most of the studies focused on basic research, in which research on the role of apoptosis in ischemic stroke has gradually decreased in the last 3 years, showing a downward trend. On the contrary, nerve regeneration has gradually become a research hotspot, especially the regulation of neurotrophic factors under the influence of different mechanisms, and the research on angiogenesis and glial cell repair is on the rise. At the same time, apoptosis in nerve regeneration is a potential point of discovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the problem that the dust mass measurement of the existing dust monitoring devices in the process of farmland dust monitoring was susceptible to the influence of ambient temperature and humidity, resulting in zero drift and a large measurement error, this study designed a dust monitoring device based on temperature and humidity compensation. The device included temperature and humidity sensors, mass sensor, data acquisition system, etc., which could realize cross-regional, remote, real-time online measurement of dust mass. The zero drift and temperature and humidity data of the four dust monitoring devices collected by the temperature and humidity correlation test showed that the temperature and humidity had a significant correlation with the zero drift of the dust monitoring device (the mean values of |p| were 0.59 and 0.62, respectively),and the correlation between zero drift of the dust monitoring device and absolute humidity was more stable than relative humidity performance, a linear expression of absolute humidity and zero drift of the dust monitoring device was provided, the humidity coefficient of the expression was positively correlated with temperature. When the temperature changed from 40 ℃ to 60 ℃, the single-factor test of the temperature and the output signal of dust monitoring device showed that the zero drift was 65.7 times that of the sensitivity change, zero drift was a key factor affecting the measurement accuracy of dust monitoring device. A compensation model of the zero-point drift dust monitoring device of BP network based on temperature and humidity was established, the experimental results showed that the data fluctuation range of the proposed model was 8.8% lower than that of the basing on temperature-humidity second-order polynomial compensation model, and 60.3% lower than that of the basing on temperature compensation model of BP network. A field measurement experiment was conducted for the dust monitoring device based on temperature and humidity compensation of this paper. The results showed the device in this paper reduces the final measurement error by 57.5% and the fluctuation of measurement results by 34.2% compared to the uncompensated device, effectively reduced the measurement error of dust mass. The research results could provide technical support for the research on online real-time monitoring of farmland dust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to solve the problems of IspecHyper multi-rotor UAV hyperspectral imaging system, such as lack of data processing supporting software, large error in collecting multi-band hyperspectral data, lack of coordinates, and inability to automatically stitch. Taking the citrus planting base of Jiaolong Village, Taiping Town, Wuming District as the research area, this paper studies the hyperspectral image processing method of IspecHyper multi-rotor UAV. Firstly, the IspecHyper-VM200 imaging system was used to obtain high-definition photos and multi-band hyperspectral image data of the study area. Secondly, using high-definition photos as data sources, high-resolution UAV orthophotos were formed by PXI4D Mapper software preprocessing and ENVI software image geometric correction. Finally, the ENVI software was used to cut the distorted boundary data of multi-band hyperspectral images, and the geometric correction was completed based on the UAV orthophoto image, and then the hyperspectral reflectance image product was formed through image mosaic and spectral conversion calculation. The experimental results show that the technical method formed in this paper can effectively solve the problems of hyperspectral image processing of IspecHyper multi-rotor UAV, and provide technical reference for hyperspectral image processing of UAV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the impact of digital economy development on county economic growth, this paper uses the cross-section data of 1 571 counties and cities in 2019 and matches it with the digital countryside index in 2019, and adopts the feasible generalized least square method (FGLS) for empirical analysis. It is found that the development of digital countryside significantly promotes the development of county economy. When discussing the different dimensions of digital rural construction, it is found that different dimensions have different impacts on county economic growth, among which digital infrastructure has the greatest impact on county economy. From the perspective of the intermediary effect of digital village construction on county technology upgrading, this paper further verifies and finds that the development of digital village has significantly improved the development of county economy through technological progress and the development of smart agriculture. Based on this, the relevant government should vigorously support technological innovation, stimulate the digital transformation and innovation vitality of traditional industries in counties, form new competitive advantages and growth points, and make the county economy change in quality, efficiency and power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Irritation and odor are the most important sensory quality indexes for evaluating flue-cured tobacco quality. This paper reviewed the main researches involved in affecting irritation and odor in tobacco leaf. The current research status of tobacco chemical composition (including nitrogen compounds, sugars, chlorine elements, etc. ) and its influencing factors (ecological environment, variety, pH ), physical properties, cultivation and processing (cultivation, pirmary-curing, aging, flue-curing) and many dimensions were tracked and analyzed. The current research results indicated that the smoking quality of tobacco leaf is affected by many factors, but it is essentially affected by the content and proportion of chemical components. The main agronomic measures and technological measures for reducing thorns and removing impurities were summarized in this paper, which provided a theoretical basis for improving the sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC), the material properties and design parameters of their photoanodes have a more significant impact on the performance of DSSCs. In order to investigate this issue in depth, this paper adopts numerical simulation to explore the detailed impact of change in the photoanode structure on the performance of DSSC. However, the current mathematical model is not comprehensive enough and the prediction accuracy is low. Therefore, based on the theory of photoelectron transfer and Lambert Beer's law, this paper introduces the influence of porosity on electron diffusion coefficient into the mathematical model of DSSC using constant stacking method and variable stacking method, and establishes a more comprehensive and accurate electron transfer model. This model can deeply analyze the impact of changes in the structure parameters of the photoanode on the performance of DSSC. The performance of DSSC under different pore volumes, electron lifetime, SnO2 coating thickness, and specific surface area were simulated through numerical simulation. The results show that as the pore volume of SnO2 thin films increases, the short-circuit current density of solar cells gradually decreases, while the open circuit voltage shows an increasing trend, leading to a gradual decrease in photoelectric conversion efficiency. When the pore volume reaches 0. 10 cm3 / g, its photoelectric conversion efficiency reaches 5. 16%. Therefore, while ensuring the rigidity of the battery, reducing the pore volume of SnO2 as much as possible is beneficial for improving the absorption coefficient and diffusion coefficient. The improvement of these two parameters is conducive to the overall performance of DSSC. At the same time, the extension of electron lifetime will bring about an increase in the short-circuit current density and open circuit voltage of solar cells, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency. When the electron lifetime reaches 200 ms, its photoelectric conversion efficiency reaches 5.82%. This study provides strong theoretical guidance for optimizing the photoanode structure and improving the photoelectric performance of DSSC through detailed numerical simulation analysis, which helps to further promote the research and application of dye sensitized solar cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When the tractor is undertaking the forestry carrying operation, due to the complex road conditions in the forest, it mostly runs at a low speed, has a high steering demand, and often has a load unit, so it pays more attention to its driving stability and steering sensitivity. In this paper, CarSim software is used to build the physical model and load unit model of the tractor, the control strategy of the tractor is designed based on Simulink software combined with the two-degree-of-freedom dynamic model, and the two-degree-of-freedom model of tractor is established. The braking torque feedback control is carried out by combining the yaw rate and the side deflection angle of centroid with the fuzzy control theory. In addition, the proportional control strategy of front and rear wheel angle is introduced according to the four-wheel steering mode of the tractor. Under the CarSim-Simlulink co-simulation platform, combined with the complex road conditions of forestry operations, the low-speed driving and steering experiments of tractor under different control strategies are carried out. The results show that the control strategy adopted in this paper can effectively reduce the steering radius of the tractor under complex road conditions, increase the steering speed, and limit the side deflection angle of centroid to a small range. The tractor has high stability, the steady state value of yaw rate is closer to the ideal state, and the steering is more sensitive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current 3D-ConvNet-based action recognition algorithms generally use GAP to compress feature information. However, it leads to issues of information loss, redundancy, and network overfitting. To address these issues and enhance the retention of high-level semantic information extracted by the convolutional layer, this paper proposed an action recognition al- gorithm based on GFDP. Firstly, DCT shows that GAP is a special case of feature decomposition in the frequency domain. Therefore, the algorithm introduced more frequency components to increase the specificity between feature channels and reduce the information redundancy after information compression. Secondly, to better suppress the overfitting problem, the algorithm introduced the batch normalization strategy to the convolutional layer and extended it to the fully connected layer of the action recognition model with ERB-Res3D as the skeleton to optimize the data distribution. Finally, this paper verified the proposed method on the UCF101 dataset. The results reveals that the model's computational load is 3.5 GFlops, with 7.4 million para- meters. The final recognition accuracy improved by 3.9% based on the ERB-Res3D model and 17.4% based on the original Res3D model. This improvement effectively achieves more accurate behavior recognition results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing NL2SQL approaches do not fully utilize the information of data table columns, which plays an important role in the semantic understanding of the problem and the logical generation of SQL statements. This paper proposed an NL2SQL method that fused data table columns (FC-SQL) to improve the overall accuracy of SQL generation. Firstly, this method utilized BERT to merge the problem and database table columns for encoded representations. Secondly, it used multitask learning approach to construct a multi-task network by combining parallel and cascade to predict different sub-tasks. Finally, for the conditional value extraction sub-task, this method computed the similarity between the words in the problem and the table columns by fusing the information of the columns, and it used the similarity value as a weight to compute each word as the conditional value probability of each word as a conditional value, thus improving the accuracy of conditional value prediction. The logical form accuracy and SQL execution accuracy on the TableQA dataset reach 88.23% and 91.65%, respectively. This paper designed ablation experiments to verify the effect of table columns information on the model. The experimental results show that the incorporation of table columns improves the effectiveness of the conditional value extraction sub-task, which in turn improves the overall accuracy of the NL2SQL task and provides better SQL generation compared to the comparison model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current methods for short-time precipitation nowcasting are based on radar echo extrapolation model, without fully considering the close influence of other meteorological factors on the evolution of precipitation generation and cancellation, thus limiting the accuracy of the forecasts. To address the above issues, this paper produced a short-time precipitation nowcasting dataset, and proposed the MFPNM(multiple factors precipitation nowcasting model). Based on data from the Fengyun4B satellite, the dataset toke quantitative precipitation estimation as the forecast object and contained four background meteorological factors. Taking the TransUNet as the backbone of the model, this model proposed the parallel dual encoder to extract the high-dimensional spatio-temporal features of the forecast object and the background meteorological data, respectively. Besides, it constructed the content coding module to encode the spatial features of the background data as the learnable positional embedding of the high-dimensional feature vectors of the forecast object. It used a Transformer module to construct the global relationship between the high-dimensional features of the sequence data for better sequence prediction. The metrics used in this paper included critical success index, false alarm rate, root-mean-square error, and structural similarity, etc. The MPFNM was evaluated on two datasets (the proposed dataset and an open-source dataset) and outperformed the baseline models, and it was analyzed for explainability through the SHAP technique. The experimental results and explainability analysis show that the model has better forecasting accuracy and reliability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The existing branch prediction models can't predict the behaviors of various instructions in the processor accurately, which leads to the limitation of processing efficiency. Therefore, this paper proposed two hybrid prediction solutions, which aimed to combine multiple branch prediction models to improve prediction accuracy and processor execution efficiency. This paper transferred the prediction results of TAGE branch prediction model and BATAGE branch prediction model to the Hybrid model. In the prediction phase, the Hybrid model selected the prediction results of the best-performing branch prediction model based on the historical performance of TAGE and BATAGE. In the update phase, the Hybrid model updated the saturation counter of the entries that needed to be updated according to the designed hybrid prediction strategy. Experiments on 440 test programs provided by the CBP software simulation platform show that the prediction error rates of both hybrid prediction solutions are lower than those of many of the latest mainstream branch prediction models. This study provides an effective solution to the problem of predicting all command mode behaviors. In the branch instruction prediction of real CPU, this research provides some practical value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the distributed unrelated parallel machine scheduling problem with machining constraints, this paper proposed an extended empire competition algorithm to solve the problem, which took the total transportation cost, evaluation function for simultaneous shutdown of parallel machines among factories and equilibrium evaluation function for average switching frequency of workpiece types among factories as optimization objectives. Based on the original empire competition algorithm, this algorithm added an initial factory-workpiece sequence group suitable for factory assignment. According to the shortcoming of the traditional empire competition algorithm that it was easy to fall into the local optimum, this paper divided the inferior sequence assimilation into the external assimilation mechanism and the internal assimilation mechanism. The extended empire competition algorithm combined local and global search methods to realize the intelligent search behavior. This paper used the partial matching crossover and single point mutation to update the factory-workpiece sequence group and ensure the diversity of the factory-workpiece sequence. Finally, this paper designed three different scales of 12 examples and verified the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm through simulation experiments. At the same time, this paper verified the advantages of the proposed algorithm in solving the distributed multi-objective unrelated parallel machine scheduling problem by comparing the research results in related fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the floorplanning problem with only hard modules, it is usually constructed as a combinatorial optimization model, but the time cost of solving process is high. In order to improve the solving efficiency, this paper proposed a floorplanning algorithm based on non-smooth analytic mathematical programming. Based on the coordinate representation of modules, this paper established a non-smooth mathematical programming model, which was a generalization of the optimization models corresponding to various optimization stages of different cases that were solved by the conjugate sub-gradient algorithm (CSA). Aiming at the fixed-outline floorplanning problem, this paper achieved wirelength optimization under fixed-outline constraint through the general framework consisted of three stages: global floorplanning, legalization and local optimization. To address the case without fixed-outline constraint, this paper proposed a conjugate sub-gradient algorithm with golden section strategy (CSA_GSS). The algorithm adopted golden section strategy to reduce the area of the fixed-outline and to achieve the dual effect of both area and wirelength optimization. Compared with floorplanning algorithm based on B-tree on GSRC test circuit, the proposed algorithm had advantages in terms of wirelength and time for large-scale circuits. Experimental results show that the algorithm can obtain better wirelength with lower time complexity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The survival behavior of snakes in nature generates the snake optimization (SO), a meta-heuristic optimization algorithm. But the original snake optimization algorithm suffers from slow convergence and easy to fall into the local optimum, so this paper proposed an improved snake optimization algorithm that combined elite initialization and K-nearest neighbors improved snake optimizer (EKISO). Firstly, in order to improve the quality of the initial population, it proposed elite initialization during the population initialization stage, which generated high-quality initial population individuals based on elite individuals of the population. Secondly, optimizing the spiral foraging strategy with a shock factor expanded the search range during the global exploration stage and enhanced the algorithm's local escape capability. Finally, in the local exploitation stage, it proposed a position update method based on the K-nearest neighbor concept, enhancing the information interaction capability among population individuals, thus accelerating convergence speed and improving convergence accuracy. This method compared with seven other optimization algorithms using 14 classical test functions and 4 CEC2017 test functions, which proves that EKISO converges faster, has higher accuracy and is not easy to fall into local optimum. To further validate the practicality and feasibility of EKISO, this paper applied it to pressure vessel design problems. Experimental comparative analysis reveals that EKISO possesses certain advantages in dealing with real optimization problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of the fact that there is still a certain gap in representing and reasoning with the orientation relation between real objects due that the existing models for representing and reasoning with direction relations use a point and minimum bounding rectangle to approximate the spatial object itself, this paper proposed a new model for dealing with the disconnected spatial objects based on Voronoi diagram. With the help of the theory of Gestalt psychological, the proposed model constructed visual regions between spatial objects by extracting the feature points and feature chains of the disconnected spatial objects to generate the direction Voronoi diagram, which realized the representation of directions between the space objects which were disconnected and contain holes. This model fully considered the influence of the shape, size and other factors of the spatial objects, and had higher expression accuracy and wider applicability. In order to improve the precision of reasoning with cardinal directional relations between complex spatial objects, this paper proposed an algorithm for composing cardinal direction relations defined by the proposed model, which reduced the uncertainty of the results of composition by means of Tile-union operation and Pr operation. The results of analysis and verification show that the proposed model and algorithm reduce the uncertainty of the reasoning results, improve the accuracy of representation and reasoning, and then enhance the ability to analyze and process the direction relations with complex spatial objects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The key to multimodal sarcasm detection is effective to align and fuse the features of different modes. However, the existing multimodal data fusion methods ignore the relationship between multimodal intercomponent structures. Also, the importance of common features associated with sarcastic emotions in multimodal data is overlooked in the process of recognizing sarcasm. To address the above problems, this paper proposed a model based on cross-modal hierarchical interaction networks and contrastive learning (CMHICL). Firstly, the cross-modal hierarchical interaction network employed a minimal unit alignment module based on the cross-attention mechanism and a compositional structure fusion module based on the graph attention network to identify inconsistencies between text and images at different levels, and determined the samples with low consistency as sarcasm samples. Secondly, two contrastive learning tasks, based on data enhancement and category enhancement, helped to learn common features related to sarcasm and reduce false correlations within the modality. The experimental results show that the CMHICL model has increased the Acc by 0.81% and the F₁ value by 1.6% compared to the baseline models, which verifies the key role of the hierarchical interactive network and contrastive learning method proposed in this paper in multimodal sarcasm detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowledge reasoning is a fundamental task in knowledge graph completion. It is a popular topic in the academie community. Integrating reinforcement learning and knowledge reasoning is a viable solution to improve the inference effectiveness and interpretability of models. Taking the problem of knowledge graph research as a path or sequence decision problem in the knowledge reasoning method based on reinforcement learning can make better use of semantic information, such as entities and relationships, to improve reasoning effect and interpretability. This paper provided a descriptive overview of the basic concepts of knowledge graph and knowledge reasoning, and described the research progress in recent years. The paper analysed and compared the related research on knowledge reasoning based on reinforcement learning from two perspectives; single-layer and double-layer reinforcement learning knowledge reasoning. Furthermore, the paper explored the application of knowledge reasoning in various domains, including knowledge question answering, intelligent recommendation systems, healthcare, and transportation. Lastly, the paper discussed future research tendencies for reinforcement learning-based knowledge reasoning and offered insights into potential avenues for exploration and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rice straw is an important renewable resource. Under the circumstance of global resource shortage and energy shortage, it is of great significance to vigorously develop comprehensive utilization of straw. It is not only an important way to realize agricultural circular economy and low-carbon economy, but also involves sustainable development issues such as soil fertility, environmental security and efficient utilization of renewable resources in the entire agricultural ecosystem. Straw fiber ecological blanket has a good function of air permeability and water permeability, and has a significant positive effect on the ecological protection of soil surface microenvironment. Mechanical kneading is the key technology for the dismantling and optimization of agricultural waste straw fiber. In this study, the optimal process input is the spindle speed, hammer tooth clearance and material water content, and the output is the straw silk rate and calibrated unit productivity. An intelligent model was developed using Box-Behnken response surface method (RSM) to determine the functional relationship between input and output parameters. The three evaluation index models all have high reliability, and the determination coefficients are R 2 > 0.95 and R 2 > 0.94, respectively. The variance analysis of RSM regression model clarified that the influence of various factors on straw silk ratio was in the order of spindle speed > water content > hammer tooth clearance, and the linear relationship between spindle speed and straw silk ratio was increasing. The significant influence on the calibrated unit power productivity of the kneading machine is in the order of hammer tooth clearance > spindle speed > moisture content. When the hammer tooth clearance is constant, it decreases first and then increases with the spindle speed and straw moisture content. The results of factor interaction analysis showed that when the water content of straw was 40%, the spindle speed was 2 500 r/min, and the hammer tooth clearance was 13 mm, the silk ratio of rice straw was 96.75%. When the straw moisture content is 60%, the spindle speed is 2 300 r/min, and the hammer tooth clearance is 11.08 mm, the maximum calibrated unit power productivity is 29.96 kg/(kW·h). Mathematical model process parameters optimization: straw moisture content is 41.2%, spindle speed is 2 498 r/min, hammer tooth clearance is 12.84 mm. Under the combination of these parameters, the rice straw silk ratio is 96.93%, and the calibrated unit power productivity is 29.33 kg/(kW·h). Under optimized conditions, the proportion of fibers with length of 40～70 mm and > 70 mm showed an increasing trend, especially the fiber with length of > 70 mm increased by 120.55%. The proportion of fiber length-to-width ratio > 50～80 and > 80 increased from 17.39% and 6.52% to 38.64% and 16.01%, respectively. Ultra depth of field microscopy showed that the self-interweaving formability of kneaded straw fiber was significantly improved. The optimized mechanical kneading cost of straw fiber can be reduced by 27.50 yuan/t. The mechanical kneading technology strategy of the RSM model developed in this paper is effective for improving the decomposition rate of biomass straw and reducing the consumption of biomass straw, and can be widely used in the production of high-value agricultural products based on large fiber bundles of straw. The mechanical kneading technique strategy of the RSM model developed in this paper is effective for improving the decomposing silk rate and reducing the consumption of biomass straw, and can be widely used in the production of large-size fiber bundle straw based high-value agricultural products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wearing smoothness is one of the key factors affecting the appearance of clothing. The smooth appearance of clothing can not only show the texture and grade of clothing, but also improve the overall image and temperament of the wearer. The objective test and evaluation of smoothness is very important to the optimization of clothing design and the rational selection of materials, so it has been the focus of research in the field of textile testing. At present, the research of smoothness mainly focuses on the evaluation of flatness after washing and sewing, and pays little attention to the wrinkling of clothing during daily wearing. However, the wearing smoothness is more important than other kinds of smoothness in a sense, as the wrinkling of the dress directly affects the appearance of the clothing while the clothing can be worn after ironing, and the flattening effect of the stitches can also be improved by improving the equipment and the skills of the sewing personnel. In addition, in the analysis of the factors affecting the smoothness of the fabric, most of the studies focus on the influence of core wire types and spinning methods on the smoothness of fabrics, whereas there is a lack of in-depth research on the relationship between the fabric properties and the wrinkle patterns of clothing. As a typical representative of professional bottoms, the A-line skirt has extremely high requirements for appearance smoothness and aesthetics due to the wearing occasion, but due to its well-fitting design, it is easy to form folds during activities. In view of the practical problems faced in the wearing process, this paper takes the A-line skirt as the research object. Due to the three-dimensional spatial distribution of clothing wrinkles, it is difficult to reproduce its true shape as the conventional two-dimensional image processing technology does not contain spatial information, while the three- dimensional laser scanning technology can quickly and accurately obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of the surface of the measured object, so as to capture the true shape of wrinkles. Therefore, this paper used 3D scanning technology to extract wrinkles formed on A-line skirts in sitting position, and established a series of new indexes for smoothness evaluation from four aspects: wrinkle area, wrinkle type, wrinkle size and wrinkle sharpness. The difference of fold shape among different fabrics was compared by single factor analysis of variance, and the relationship between fabric properties and wrinkle shape index was explored by correlation analysis. The multidimensional evaluation index can describe the real shape effect of wrinkling in a more comprehensive way, and the correlation analysis with fabric properties can better grasp the essence, internal connection and influencing factors of wrinkling formation. The experimental results show that the wrinkling patterns of A-line skirts formed in sitting position are different, and they can be divided into simple strip pleats and complex Y pleats, Z pleats, ring pleats and X-shaped pleats according to types. Among complex pleats. Y pleats are the most common, followed by Z pleats. Ring pleats. X pleats and compound pleats usually only appear in cotton fabrics. There is a significant difference in wrinkle formation between fabrics with different components, that is, the wrinkle effect of the fabric can be predicted by the composition. Specifically, cotton fabrics have the largest wrinkle area, complex wrinkle ratio and wrinkle sharpness, and the smallest wrinkle width; the wrinkles of hemp fabrics are gentler than those of cotton ones, the number of wrinkles is less, and the area of wrinkles is slightly smaller, polyester, wool, hemp fabrics have wide wrinkles; polyester and wool have gentle wrinkles; the wrinkles of regenerated fibers are numerous and complex, and the creases are obvious; silk fabrics have simple and neat wrinkles. The results of correlation analysis show more clearly the correlation between the physical and mechanical properties of fabrics and each wrinkle shape index. The larger the shear stiffness of the fabric, and the larger the wrinkle area, the more complex the formation of wrinkles is; the crease area formed by the fabric with good crease recovery is small; the higher the warp and weft density and the larger the warp and weft wrinkle recovery angle, the easier it is to form neat and fine folds; thick fabrics with large flexural stiffness are easy to form wide and flat wrinkles; fabrics with small square meter mass, small warp and weft bending stiffness and small wrinkle recovery angle are easy to form sharp folds. Three-dimensional scanning technology provides a new way to extract the three-dimensional wrinkle, so that the wrinkle can show its more real shape. The research results will help guide the reasonable selection of clothing materials, improve the quality of clothing, provide strong support for the development of virtual display technology of clothing, and enhance the authenticity and accuracy of display. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The textile industry plays a crucial role in national economic and social development, serving as a fundamental industry that not only supports people's livelihoods but also enhances their quality of life. Green innovation is an important requirement for the textile industry's high-quality development. In recent years, China's textile industry has actively promoted the development and application of full-process green technology. A full-life-cycle green and low-carbon industrial system has been initially established. However, low investment in innovation factors, weak green coordination among industrial chains and insufficient disclosure of environmental information are still restricting green innovation. Given this, it is crucial for textile enterprises to overcome the barriers to green innovation as they enter a new phase of green transformation. With the promotion of digital transformation, textile enterprises integrate digital technology into textile equipment, process flow, clean production, and other green innovation links and explore energy saving and consumption reduction in the manufacturing stage. In this context, the effect of digital transformation applied to green innovation in textile enterprises needs to be evaluated, and the black box mechanism urgently needs to be explored. Based on the resource-based theory and resource orchestration theory, this paper incorporates government subsidies and environmental information disclosure into the theoretical framework of the impact of digital transformation on green innovation. Adopting the panel data of China's A-share listed companies in the textile industry from 2011 to 2022 and the two-way fixed effect model, it empirically tests the effect and mechanism of digital transformation on green innovation. From the perspective of resources and efficiency, the paper explores the potential mediating path of digital transformation and discusses the moderating mechanisms of government subsidies and information disclosure as two policy tools. This study offers the following contributions. First, the measurement of the digital transformation using the objective data from textile enterprises is improved. Second, the empirical method fills the gap in the textile industry digital-greening study. Third, from the perspective of inhibition mechanisms, it provides enlightenment for warning digital paradoxes and guiding digital transformation to empower green innovation through policy tools. The results show that digital transformation has a restraining effect on green innovation, and emerging digital technologies have not yet enabled the original green innovation process of textile enterprises. The mediating test shows that digital transformation does not occupy the green innovation resources of textile enterprises, and its impact on green innovation is due to "efficiency inhibition" rather than "factor crowding-out". The moderating test shows that disclosing environmental information can directly lessen the inhibition effect of digital transformation on green innovation. The "signal transmission" effect of government subsidies can indirectly weaken the "efficiency inhibition" effect of digital transformation on green innovation. The study of the impact and mechanisms of digital transformation on green innovation can serve as a guide for textile enterprises, enabling them to better adapt to the demands of green innovation. It can also serve as inspiration for the digital- greening collaboration of traditional manufacturing industries to promote high-quality development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rise of big data technology and the continuous optimization of deep learning algorithms, generative intelligence is reshaping various industries at an unprecedented speed, expanding the scale and possibilities of design, and showing its potential in innovative applications. This paper aims to explore the relationship between big data and generative intelligence, analyze the status quo of technology development and its application in vertical fields, and deduce the transformation of design process based on this. Using the method of combining literature research and case analysis, this paper firstly analyzes the development and application status of big data and generative intelligence technology. Secondly, Midjourney is taken as an example to summarize the fashion design mode in the era of data and intelligence for different application scenarios. Al can assist designers to quickly generate diverse design solutions, and promote the transformation of design from human-led to human- machine collaboration. Midjourney can quickly realize clothing pattern design, clothing effect drawing generation, virtual model image design and create clothing display space. Based on the double diamond design model, the four-diamond diagram of the design process in the intelligent age is proposed. The process combines the application of data-driven prediction and intelligent technology to verify the reconstruction of design thinking, the reform of design methods and the transformation of design research perspective in the intelligent age. The process integrates the cycle of data insight, intelligent generation, design verification and feedback optimization, showing the systematic upgrade path of the design process in the intelligent era. Under the integration of super-disciplines, big data provides massive information for design science to accurately grasp the design trend, and generative intelligence provides a new perspective for design science with its learning and innovation ability, extends the design boundary, and becomes a bridge connecting humanities, society, nature and other fields. For designers, from hand-drawing to computer drawing, and with the help of machine learning to accelerate creative output, Al technology has simplified the design process and greatly improved design efficiency and diversity, but it still needs to be manually screened and adjusted to ensure practicality. It is foreseeable that with the penetration of big data artificial intelligence in the field of design art, new art forms and design expressions will be produced, but the emergence of artificial intelligence and big data will not completely replace traditional design forms. With the development of artificial intelligence, new design forms will continue to be coupled to meet new social factors, concepts and needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper attempts to explore the polysemy of compound and complex sentences through Mandarin conditionals. Focusing on the two basic conditional constructions, i.e., the ruguo construction and the ruguoshuo construction, this paper explores their inter-clausal relations as well as the polysemous relations existing within each construct. A conceptual space is thus built, and then the distribution of three domains (i.e., the content domain, the epistemic domain, and the speech act domain) and metalanguage usages are cautiously defined on the space, in order to present the semantic extensions of conditional constructions in greater detail and also to illustrate the differences between the two constructions. Then, by comparing the ruguo construction and the if construction in English, the paper points out that the polysemy of compound and complex sentences is universal but is also subject to the system of compound and complex sentences of each language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the current situation of the construction of the technology system for the edible fungi industry chain, this paper analyzes the technology system of the edible fungi industry chain by combining the production and consumption technologies of edible fungi and analyzes the hierarchy and foundation of the edible fungi production technology system from the aspects of mechanization, clean production, digital technology, etc. In response to the limitations of the technological development of the edible fungi production chain in Qinghai Province, such as facility and equipment environmental control technology, basic theoretical research on the ecological niche and material transformation of edible fungi, and the digitization of regional edible fungi production resources, this paper proposes to analyze the levels of edible fungi production technology among different regions in Qinghai Province, strengthen the necessary applied research foundation for the development of each technical level, enrich and improve the basic theories and data related to characteristic edible fungi production, and establish corresponding "basic theo- retical models" and "practical application models" for agricultural environmental control, clean and circular production, and digital intelligent production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the current situation, hot spots and development trend of agricultural information and degree education in colleges and universities and scientific research institutions in China, we took the master's doctoral papers in the China knowledge Network (CNKI) database as the data source and agricultural information as the key word. A total of 1 298 master's doctoral papers from 2012 to 2022 were searched, and the word frequency and eluster analysis were carried out on the publishing institutions and keywords of these papers by u- sing CiteSpace software. The results showed that Hunan Agricultural University was a high-yield institution for research in the field of agricultural information. The research hotspots in the field of agricultural information in the past decade were mainly focused on agricultural information services, modern agriculture supported by information technology, Internet, intelligent agriculture and new media. The research was helpful to understand the current situation of degree education in the field of agricultural information in China, strengthen academic exchanges and cooperation, and discover research hotspots and development trends in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The key to county economic growth lies in the accumulation of production factors and their efficiency enhancement. The rural-county transfer of rural labor will promote the reallocation of labor factors in various sectors, help transform the development mode and adjust the economic structure, and is an important driver of factor productivity improvement in counties. This paper analyzes the impact of rural labor force transfer on county labor productivity based on existing relevant studies, and establishes an econometric model to test it empirically using statistical data from counties in northwestern and eastern Guangdong. The results show that rural labor transfer has a significant positive impact on county labor productivity, and the degree of impact on labor productivity in the non-agricultural sector is greater than that in the agricultural sector, while the results of grouping tests based on county-level and non-county-level cities remain robust. To further promote the economic development of counties, this paper gives specific suggestions in terms of enhancing the dynamics of county economic development, actively promoting the transformation and development of agriculture, and continuously improving factor productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peanut root rot is a soil-borne fungal disease of peanut, which is a worldwide disease on peanut. It occurs all over our country, causing serious economic losses and restricting the development of peanut industry. This paper introduced the taxonomic status of peanut root rot pathogen and its cultural characteristics on potato glucose agar medium. The morphological characteristics of two types of conidia from the pathogen were summarized. In this paper, the symptoms of peanut root rot in the field and its pathogenesis were introduced in detail. The agricultural control measures of peanut root rot were summarized from seed screening, rational rotation and field management. The main fungicides used to control peanut root rot were summarized from the aspects of seed coating, soil treatment and fungicide spraying. It is suggested that the control of peanut root rot should be based on the agricultural control measures aimed at reducing the source of pathogen and cutting off the route of transmission, followed by carrying out chemical control measures, i.e. seed coating and fungicide spraying. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Talent is the key to rural revitalization. In recent years, governments at all levels have issued a series of policies for rural talents, which play a positive role in guiding, supporting and guaranteeing the construction of rural talents. Through text mining method, this paper analyzes the contents of 52 rural talent policy texts released by the central government, constructs a rural talent policy evaluation index system containing 9 first-level variables and 39 second-level variables, selects 10 representative policies to build a PMC index model, calculates its PMC index, and draws a PMC surface map for visualization. The results indicate that:Two policies were rated as excellent, six as good, and two as pass. The research shows that the overall design of the rural talent policy in our country is reasonable, but there are still deficiencies in the prescription, incentive and function of the policy. The paper puts forward some suggestions on the timeliness of the policy, strengthening the legal guarantee of the policy and attaching importance to the construction of the agricultural discipline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the lack of external conditions for the development of CSA in China, individual producers still face problems such as rising production costs, lack of technical knowledge, single product categories and narrow market audience. In order to meet the challenge, regional CSA producers began to unite and form cooperative organizations. This paper took Beijing Lvze Liangpin Ecological Agriculture Professional Cooperative as an example. Through interviews, field research and other methods, this paper expounded its operation, and summarized the internal control mechanism of PGS inspection-internal sales-member resource sharing and the external communication mechanism of information exchange-two-way sales, in order to provide reference for the development of other eco-agricultural cooperatives. It was found that the implementation of internal control and outreach operation mechanism by CSA cooperation organization can effectively integrate the resources of producers in the region, help individual producers solve the problems faced by agricultural materials, such as lack of technology, blind production, lack of funds and insufficient channels and maintains the sustainable development of CSA farms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the process of irrigation and fertilization in agricultural production, the application accuracy of water and fertilizer is not high, resulting in resource waste and soil plate formation. In this study, a fuzzy PID algorithm based on PSO optimization was designed to control the irrigation and fertilization process of the fertilizer applicator. Firstly, the mathematical model of fertilizer applicator was established according to the relevant modules and parameters of fertilization. Based on MATLAB/ Simulink platform, PID controller, fuzzy PID controller and the controller proposed in this paper were built respectively to control the mathematical model of the established system. The simulation results showed that the response time of the proposed control algorithm was reduced to 30 s, which was reduced by 63. 4% and 55. 9% respectively compared with PID and fuzzy PID. In terms of overshoot, there was basically no overshoot in the proposed control algorithm except for the early oscillation. In order to verify the reliability of the algorithm in practical application, this paper designed precision control tests under different five groups of pressures, and the test results showed that the fuzzy PID control based on PSO optimization had good control effect under various pressures. The control accuracy was concentrated in about 2%, while the control accuracy of PID control was about 20%, and the control accuracy of fuzzy PID control was about 10%. It could be seen that the control algorithm proposed in this study could improve the irrigation accuracy in the practical application process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]