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The Effect of Water Magnetized with Negative Magnetic Field on Effectiveness of Selected Zoocides in the Control of Two-Spotted Spider Mite (Tetranychus UrticaeKoch)The results of experiments showed an effect of negative magnetic field on some chemical and physical properties of water. A slight increase in iron (Fe) content, a decrease in zinc (Zn) level and an increase in surface tension (Dc) were observed in the study. At the same time the effect of magnetically modified water on an increase in effectiveness of tested zoocides was observed in the control of the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticaeKoch). A strong and statistically significant increase in the effectiveness of zoocide Talstar 100 EC was recorded after the application of one and three magnetizers, preparation Omite 30 WP after the application of two magnetizers, acaricide Magus 200 SC after the application of one and two magnetizers as well as a simultaneous use of one magnetizer and two semi-rings. Acaricide Ortus 05 SC showed a marked increase in the effectiveness in all treatments with the use of magnetically modified water.

Des insecticides organochlorés (dieldrine, HCH, chlordécone) ont été appliqués dans les bananeraies des Antilles françaises des années 60 à 90. Les deux premiers sont rarement détectés dans les sols et les eaux. La chlordécone, très stable et hydrophobe, a été largement détectée depuis 1999 dans les eaux de source, puis dans les «racines» récoltées. L’analyse des sols de parcelles agricoles renseignées par des chroniques rétrospectives d’apports a permis de valider un modèle de dissipation de la chlordécone par les eaux de drainage, seul processus permettant la très lente décontamination des sols. Les coefficients de partage apparents, élevés, entre la fraction sorbée sur la matière organique des sols et la fraction en solution (Koc), décroissent selon la nature minéralogique des sols : allophane, halloysite + oxyhydroxides, halloysite. Les concentrations des eaux de drainage confirment la réalité des différents Koc. Des expérimentations au champ et en conditions contrôlées ont montré la prédominance d’une contamination des organes végétaux souterrains par contact, compliquée par une distribution de la chlordécone en «copeaux» dans les sols. Là où la chlordécone n’a pas été profondément incorporée par des labours, des décapages superficiels localisés en créneaux permettent d’obtenir des «racines» peu contaminées. Aucun indice de biodégradation ni solution de bio-remédiation n’ont été identifiés., Between the 60’ and the 90’, organochlorides, i.e. dieldrin, HCH and chlordécone have been applied as insecticides on banana crops in the F.W.I.. The firsts are rarely detected in water resources. Since 1999, chlordecone has been largely detected in sparkling waters, and then in harvested roots (yam, sweet potato, dasheen…). Soil analysis of a “space for time” parcel network, where different chlordecone input schedules have been established, allowed validating a model of chlordecone dissipation by drainage water. This process appeared to be the only one capable of reducing the soil contamination. The bulk partition coefficients between the sorbed fraction on the soil organic matter and the soluble fraction (Koc) decreased according to the nature of the mineral fraction: allophane, halloysite +oxi-hydroxides, halloysite. The drainage water concentrations corroborated this gradation. Field and green-house experiments showed that the contamination of below ground plant organs results mainly from a contact with the surrounding soil, which was difficult to highlight because of the chip distribution of chlordécone. Where chlordecone has not been deeply incorporated by previous tillage, local scrapings allow to harvest few contaminated “roots”. No biodegradation index or bio- remediation plant has been identified.

Between the 60’ and the 90’, organochlorides, i.e. dieldrin, HCH and chlordécone have been applied as insecticides on banana crops in the F.W.I.. The firsts are rarely detected in water resources. Since 1999, chlordecone has been largely detected in sparkling waters, and then in harvested roots (yam, sweet potato, dasheen…). Soil analysis of a “space for time” parcel network, where different chlordecone input schedules have been established, allowed validating a model of chlordecone dissipation by drainage water. This process appeared to be the only one capable of reducing the soil contamination. The bulk partition coefficients between the sorbed fraction on the soil organic matter and the soluble fraction (Koc) decreased according to the nature of the mineral fraction: allophane, halloysite +oxi-hydroxides, halloysite. The drainage water concentrations corroborated this gradation. Field and green-house experiments showed that the contamination of below ground plant organs results mainly from a contact with the surrounding soil, which was difficult to highlight because of the chip distribution of chlordécone. Where chlordecone has not been deeply incorporated by previous tillage, local scrapings allow to harvest few contaminated “roots”. No biodegradation index or bio- remediation plant has been identified.; Des insecticides organochlorés (dieldrine, HCH, chlordécone) ont été appliqués dans les bananeraies des Antilles françaises des années 60 à 90. Les deux premiers sont rarement détectés dans les sols et les eaux. La chlordécone, très stable et hydrophobe, a été largement détectée depuis 1999 dans les eaux de source, puis dans les «racines» récoltées. L’analyse des sols de parcelles agricoles renseignées par des chroniques rétrospectives d’apports a permis de valider un modèle de dissipation de la chlordécone par les eaux de drainage, seul processus permettant la très lente décontamination des sols. Les coefficients de partage apparents, élevés, entre la fraction sorbée sur la matière organique des sols et la fraction en solution (Koc), décroissent selon la nature minéralogique des sols : allophane, halloysite + oxyhydroxides, halloysite. Les concentrations des eaux de drainage confirment la réalité des différents Koc. Des expérimentations au champ et en conditions contrôlées ont montré la prédominance d’une contamination des organes végétaux souterrains par contact, compliquée par une distribution de la chlordécone en «copeaux» dans les sols. Là où la chlordécone n’a pas été profondément incorporée par des labours, des décapages superficiels localisés en créneaux permettent d’obtenir des «racines» peu contaminées. Aucun indice de biodégradation ni solution de bio-remédiation n’ont été identifiés.

Sredstva za zaštitu bilja 2023. sadrži pregled sredstava za zaštitu bilja dozvoljenih za uporabu u Republici Hrvatskoj u 2023. godini. Sva sredstva koja se stavljaju u promet u Republici Hrvatskoj moraju biti registrirana pri nadležnoj upravi Ministarstva poljoprivrede. Informacije o sredstvima za zaštitu bilja mogu se pronaći i na web stranicama Ministarstva poljoprivrede (FIS Web Portal). Sredstva su podijeljena prema namjeni u najznačajnije skupine: herbicidi, fungicidi i zoocidi. Svaka skupina sadrži pregled sredstava prema aktivnim tvarima. O svakom sredstvu navedeni su slijedeći podaci: trgovački naziv, formulacija, količina djelatne tvari, proizvođač i distributer, te koncentracija ili doza za suzbijanje uz popis štetočina i kultura za koje sredstvo ima dozvolu za primjenu. Također, navedene su i karence za kulture u kojima je primjena dozvoljena. Broj primjena naveden je za svaku kulturu pojedinačno, npr. krumpir (3), što označava tri primjene na krumpiru u jednoj vegetacijskoj sezoni. Zbog brojnih izmjena te dopuna rješenja i registracija, sredstva za zaštitu bilja se smiju koristiti isključivo prema uputama za uporabu koje se nalaze na ambalaži proizvoda. Svaka primjena sredstava za zaštitu bilja na bilo koji drugi način od navedenog u uputi za korištenje i na etiketi obavlja se isključivo na vlastitu odgovornost., The document Plant Protection Products 2023 gives an overview of plant protection products permitted for use in the Republic of Croatia in 2023. All plant protection products that are put in distribution in the Republic of Croatia must be registered with the competent authority of the Ministry of Agriculture. Information on registered plant protection products can be found on the website of the Ministry of Agriculture (the FIS Web Portal). Plant protection products are, according to their application, divided into three major groups: herbicides, fungicides and zoocides. Each group offers an overview of products according to active substances. Each plant protection product, along with a list of pests and crops for which a permit for application was obtained, includes the following information: trade name, formulation, amount of active ingredients, manufacturer and distributor, and suppression concentration or dosage. Also listed are due preharvest intervals of crops for which the application is allowed. The number of applications is given for each crop individually, eg. potato (3), which indicates three applications to the potatoes in the one growing season. Due to the numerous amendments to relevant decisions and registration procedures, plant protection products may only be used according to the instructions for use indicated on the packaging. Any application of plant protection products in any manner other than specified in the instructions for use and on the label shall be considered performed exclusively at one’s own risk.

Sredstva za zaštitu bilja 2022. sadrži pregled sredstava za zaštitu bilja dozvoljenih za uporabu u Republici Hrvatskoj u 2022. godini. Sva sredstva koja se stavljaju u promet u Republici Hrvatskoj moraju biti registrirana pri nadležnoj upravi Ministarstva poljoprivrede. Informacije o sredstvima za zaštitu bilja mogu se pronaći i na web stranicama Ministarstva poljoprivrede (FIS Web Portal). Sredstva su podijeljena prema namjeni u najznačajnije skupine: herbicidi, fungicidi i zoocidi. Svaka skupina sadrži pregled sredstava prema aktivnim tvarima. O svakom sredstvu navedeni su slijedeći podaci: trgovački naziv, formulacija, količina djelatne tvari, proizvođač i distributer, te koncentracija ili doza za suzbijanje uz popis štetočina i kultura za koje sredstvo ima dozvolu za primjenu. Također, navedene su i karence za kulture u kojima je primjena dozvoljena. Broj primjena naveden je za svaku kulturu pojedinačno, npr. krumpir (3), što označava tri primjene na krumpiru u jednoj vegetacijskoj sezoni. Zbog brojnih izmjena te dopuna rješenja i registracija, sredstva za zaštitu bilja se smiju koristiti isključivo prema uputama za uporabu koje se nalaze na ambalaži proizvoda. Svaka primjena sredstava za zaštitu bilja na bilo koji drugi način od navedenog u uputi za korištenje i na etiketi obavlja se isključivo na vlastitu odgovornost., The document Plant Protection Products 2022 gives an overview of plant protection products permitted for use in the Republic of Croatia in 2022. All plant protection products that are put in distribution in the Republic of Croatia must be registered with the competent authority of the Ministry of Agriculture. Information on registered plant protection products can be found on the website of the Ministry of Agriculture (the FIS Web Portal). Plant protection products are, according to their application, divided into three major groups: herbicides, fungicides and zoocides. Each group offers an overview of products according to active substances. Each plant protection product, along with a list of pests and crops for which a permit for application was obtained, includes the following information: trade name, formulation, amount of active ingredients, manufacturer and distributor, and suppression concentration or dosage. Also listed are due pre-harvest intervals of crops for which the application is allowed. The number of applications is given for each crop individually, eg. potato (3), which indicates three applications to the potatoes in the one growing season. Due to the numerous amendments to relevant decisions and registration procedures, plant protection products may only be used according to the instructions for use indicated on the packaging. Any application of plant protection products in any manner other than specified in the instructions for use and on the label shall be considered performed exclusively at one’s own risk.

Sredstva za zaštitu bilja 2021. sadrži pregled sredstava za zaštitu bilja dozvoljenih za uporabu u Republici Hrvatskoj u 2021. godini. Sva sredstva koja se stavljaju u promet u Republici Hrvatskoj moraju biti registrirana pri nadležnoj upravi Ministarstva poljoprivrede. Informacije o sredstvima za zaštitu bilja mogu se pronaći i na web stranicama Ministarstva poljoprivrede (FIS Web Portal). Sredstva su podijeljena prema namjeni u najznačajnije skupine: herbicidi, fungicidi i zoocidi. Svaka skupina sadrži pregled sredstava prema aktivnim tvarima. O svakom sredstvu navedeni su slijedeći podaci: trgovački naziv, formulacija, količina djelatne tvari, proizvođač i distributer, te koncentracija ili doza za suzbijanje uz popis štetočina i kultura za koje sredstvo ima dozvolu za primjenu. Također, navedene su i karence za kulture u kojima je primjena dozvoljena. Broj primjena naveden je za svaku kulturu pojedinačno, npr. krumpir (3), što označava tri primjene na krumpiru u jednoj vegetacijskoj sezoni. Zbog brojnih izmjena te dopuna rješenja i registracija, sredstva za zaštitu bilja se smiju koristiti isključivo prema uputama za uporabu koje se nalaze na ambalaži proizvoda. Svaka primjena sredstava za zaštitu bilja na bilo koji drugi način od navedenog u uputi za korištenje i na etiketi obavlja se isključivo na vlastitu odgovornost., The document Plant Protection Products 2021 gives an overview of plant protection products permitted for use in the Republic of Croatia in 2021. All plant protection products that are put in distribution in the Republic of Croatia must be registered with the competent authority of the Ministry of Agriculture. Information on registered plant protection products can be found on the website of the Ministry of Agriculture (the FIS Web Portal). Plant protection products are, according to their application, divided into three major groups: herbicides, fungicides and zoocides. Each group offers an overview of products according to active substances. Each plant protection product, along with a list of pests and crops for which a permit for application was obtained, includes the following information: trade name, formulation, amount of active ingredients, manufacturer and distributor, and suppression concentration or dosage. Also listed are due pre-harvest intervals of crops for which the application is allowed. The number of applications is given for each crop individually, eg. potato (3), which indicates three applications to the potatoes in the one growing season. Due to the numerous amendments to relevant decisions and registration procedures, plant protection products may only be used according to the instructions for use indicated on the packaging. Any application of plant protection products in any manner other than specified in the instructions for use and on the label shall be considered performed exclusively at one’s own risk.

Sredstva za zaštitu bilja 2020. sadrži pregled sredstava za zaštitu bilja dozvoljenih za uporabu u Republici Hrvatskoj u 2020. godini. Sva sredstva koja se stavljaju u promet u Republici Hrvatskoj moraju biti registrirana pri nadležnoj upravi Ministarstva poljoprivrede. Informacije o sredstvima za zaštitu bilja mogu se pronaći i na web stranicama Ministarstva poljoprivrede (FIS Web Portal). Sredstva su podijeljena prema namjeni u najznačajnije skupine: herbicidi, fungicidi i zoocidi. Svaka skupina sadrži pregled sredstava prema aktivnim tvarima. O svakom sredstvu navedeni su slijedeći podaci: trgovački naziv, formulacija, količina djelatne tvari, proizvođač i distributer, te koncentracija ili doza za suzbijanje uz popis štetočina i kultura za koje sredstvo ima dozvolu za primjenu. Također, navedene su i karence za kulture u kojima je primjena dozvoljena. Zbog brojnih izmjena te dopuna rješenja i registracija, sredstva za zaštitu bilja se smiju koristiti isključivo prema uputama za uporabu koje se nalaze na ambalaži proizvoda. Svaka primjena sredstava za zaštitu bilja na bilo koji drugi način od navedenog u uputi za korištenje i na etiketi obavlja se isključivo na vlastitu odgovornost., The document Plant Protection Products 2020 gives an overview of plant protection products permitted for use in the Republic of Croatia in 2020. All plant protection products that are put in distribution in the Republic of Croatia must be registered with the competent authority of the Ministry of Agriculture. Information on registered plant protection products can be found on the website of the Ministry of Agriculture (the FIS Web Portal). Plant protection products are, according to their application, divided into three major groups: herbicides, fungicides and zoocides. Each group offers an overview of products according to active substances. Each plant protection product, along with a list of pests and crops for which a permit for application was obtained, includes the following information: trade name, formulation, amount of active ingredients, manufacturer and distributor, and suppression concentration or dosage. Also listed are due pre-harvest intervals of crops for which the application is allowed. Due to the numerous amendments to relevant decisions and registration procedures, plant protection products may only be used according to the instructions for use indicated on the packaging. Any application of plant protection products in any manner other than specified in the instructions for use and on the label shall be considered performed exclusively at one’s own risk.

Sredstva za zaštitu bilja 2019. sadrži pregled sredstava za zaštitu bilja dozvoljenih za uporabu u Republici Hrvatskoj u 2019. godini. Sva sredstva koja se stavljaju u promet u Republici Hrvatskoj moraju biti registrirana pri nadležnoj upravi Ministarstva poljoprivrede. Informacije o sredstvima za zaštitu bilja mogu se pronaći i na web stranicama Ministarstva poljoprivrede (FIS Web Portal). Sredstva su podijeljena prema namjeni u najznačajnije skupine: herbicidi, fungicidi i zoocidi. Svaka skupina sadrži pregled sredstava prema aktivnim tvarima. O svakom sredstvu navedeni su slijedeći podaci: trgovački naziv, formulacija, količina djelatne tvari, proizvođač i distributer, te koncentracija ili doza za suzbijanje uz popis štetočina i kultura za koje sredstvo ima dozvolu za primjenu. Također, navedene su i karence za kulture u kojima je primjena dozvoljena. Zbog brojnih izmjena te dopuna rješenja i registracija, sredstva za zaštitu bilja se smiju koristiti isključivo prema uputama za uporabu koje se nalaze na ambalaži proizvoda. Svaka primjena sredstava za zaštitu bilja na bilo koji drugi način od navedenog u uputi za korištenje i na etiketi obavlja se isključivo na vlastitu odgovornost., The document Plant Protection Products 2019 gives an overview of plant protection products permitted for use in the Republic of Croatia in 2019. All plant protection products that are put in distribution in the Republic of Croatia must be registered with the competent authority of the Ministry of Agriculture. Information on registered plant protection products can be found on the website of the Ministry of Agriculture (the FIS Web Portal). Plant protection products are, according to their application, divided into three major groups: herbicides, fungicides and zoocides. Each group offers an overview of products according to active substances. Each plant protection product, along with a list of pests and crops for which a permit for application was obtained, includes the following information: trade name, formulation, amount of active ingredients, manufacturer and distributor, and suppression concentration or dosage. Also listed are due pre-harvest intervals of crops for which the application is allowed. Due to the numerous amendments to relevant decisions and registration procedures, plant protection products may only be used according to the instructions for use indicated on the packaging. Any application of plant protection products in any manner other than specified in the instructions for use and on the label shall be considered performed exclusively at one’s own risk.

Korištenje sredstava za zaštitu bilja od otkrića prvih djelatnih tvari do danas dovelo je do raznih problema, ponajviše povezanih s onečišćenjem okoliša, poremetnjom prirodne ravnoteže i razvojem rezistentnosti štetnih organizama. Također, raste i zabrinutost za zdravlje ljudi koji su na bilo koji način izloženi sredstvima za zaštitu bilja. Nakon uvođenja Uredbe Europske komisije 1107/2009 kojom su propisani novi postupci pri registraciji djelatnih tvari (d.t.) postavljeni su vrlo strogi kriteriji koje sredstva za zaštitu bilja moraju ispunjavati da bi dobila dozvolu za primjenu pa su mnoge d.t. izgubile dozvolu za korištenje. Istovremeno kemijske tvrtke nastoje razviti nove d.t. koje će zadovoljiti stroge ekotoksikološke kriterije. U radu je prikazana promjena na tržištu zoocida od 1987. do 2018. godine. Pregledom literature i analizom dostupnih podataka utvrđeno je da se u 30 godina broj dozvoljenih d.t. smanjio sa 93 na 59, a broj pripravaka sa 265 na 133. U odnosu na 1987. godinu, kada su insekticidi koji su imali dozvolu djelovali sa 12 mehanizama djelovanja, insekticidi dozvoljeni 2018. godine djeluju sa 19 mehanizama djelovanja. U proteklom su razdoblju dozvolu izgubili insekticidi negativnih ekotoksikoloških svojstava koji su djelovali s pet mehanizama djelovanja. Veliki broj raspoloživih mehanizama djelovanja trebao bi olakšati borbu s razvojem rezistentnosti štetnika. Ograničenja u primjeni koja su definirana uskim dozvolama u većine zoocida (mali broj kultura i namjena), osim u organofosfornih insekticida i piretroida, ipak dovode do toga da za pojedine štetnike u praksi postoji mali broj adekvatnih pripravaka. Stoga se u svjetlu sve strožih restrikcija u primjeni zoocida ponovno nameće pitanje o tome koliko su pokrivene potrebe, a struka je opravdano zabrinuta za buduće mogućnosti suzbijanja štetnika., The use of plant protection products since the discovery of the first active ingredients has led to various problems that are primarily associated with environmental pollution, disturbance of natural balance and the development of harmful organisms’ resistance. There is also growing concern about the health of people who are in any way exposed to plant protection products. Following the European Commission Regulation 1107/2009, which stipulated new procedures for the registration of active ingredients (a.i.), very strict criteria for obtaining a permit for use were set for plant protection products. Many a.i. lost their license to use. At the same time, chemical companies are trying to develop new a.i. which will meet strict ecotoxicological criteria. The paper presents the changes in the zoocide market in the period from 1987 to 2018. By reviewing the literature and analysing the available data it was established that in the period of 30 years the number of permissible a.i. decreased from 93 to 59, and the number of plant protection products from 265 to 133. In comparison to 1987, when insecticides with a permit had 12 modes of action, the insecticides allowed in 2018 had 19. Over the past period, insecticides with five modes of action have lost their permit due to negative ecotoxicological properties. A large number of available modes of action should facilitate the struggle with the development of pest resistance. Application restrictions that are defined by strict permissions for most zoocides (a small number of cultures and uses), except for organophosphorus insecticides and pyrethroids, still result in a small number of appropriate plant protection products for some pests in practice. In the light of stricter restraints in the application of zoocide the question of the needs re‐emerges while the profession is justified in concern for future pest control.

Sredstva za zaštitu bilja 2018. sadrži pregled sredstava za zaštitu bilja dozvoljenih za uporabu u Republici Hrvatskoj u 2018. godini. Sva sredstva koja se stavljaju u promet u Republici Hrvatskoj moraju biti registrirana pri nadležnoj upravi Ministarstva poljoprivrede. Informacije o sredstvima za zaštitu bilja mogu se pronaći i na web stranicama Ministarstva poljoprivrede (FIS Web Portal). Sredstva su podijeljena prema namjeni u najznačajnije skupine: herbicidi, fungicidi i zoocidi. Svaka skupina sadrži pregled sredstava prema aktivnim tvarima. O svakom sredstvu navedeni su slijedeći podaci: trgovački naziv, formulacija, količina djelatne tvari, proizvođač i distributer, te koncentracija ili doza za suzbijanje uz popis štetočina i kultura za koje sredstvo ima dozvolu za primjenu. Također, navedene su i karence za kulture u kojima je primjena dozvoljena. Zbog brojnih izmjena te dopuna rješenja i registracija, sredstva za zaštitu bilja se smiju koristiti isključivo prema uputama za uporabu koje se nalaze na ambalaži proizvoda. Svaka primjena sredstava za zaštitu bilja na bilo koji drugi način od navedenog u uputi za korištenje i na etiketi obavlja se isključivo na vlastitu odgovornost., The document Plant Protection Products 2018 gives an overview of plant protection products permitted for use in the Republic of Croatia in 2018. All plant protection products that are put in distribution in the Republic of Croatia must be registered with the competent authority of the Ministry of Agriculture. Information on registered plant protection products can be found on the website of the Ministry of Agriculture (the FIS Web Portal). Plant protection products are, according to their application, divided into three major groups: herbicides, fungicides and zoocides. Each group offers an overview of products according to active substances. Each plant protection product, along with a list of pests and crops for which a permit for application was obtained, includes the following information: trade name, formulation, amount of active ingredients, manufacturer and distributor, and suppression concentration or dosage. Also listed are due pre-harvest intervals of crops for which the application is allowed. Due to the numerous amendments to relevant decisions and registration procedures, plant protection products may only be used according to the instructions for use indicated on the packaging. Any application of plant protection products in any manner other than specified in the instructions for use and on the label shall be considered performed exclusively at one’s own risk.

Dvjema studijama (Utjecaj poljoprivrede na onečišćenje površinskih i podzemnih voda u Republici Hrvatskoj i Određivanje prioritetnih područja motrenja podzemnih voda unutar intenzivnog poljoprivrednog prostora) obavljena je analiza potrošnje pesticida u poljoprivredi u Hrvatskoj da bi se utvrdio pritisak iz poljoprivrede na površinske i podzemne vode, odnosno da bi se na osnovi utrošenih količina aktivnih tvari, ovisno o načinu korištenja poljoprivrednog zemljišta, utvrdile potencijalno opasne aktivne tvari pesticida za vode i okoliš općenito. Podatci o vrsti, utrošenoj količini i mjestu trošenja (kulturi) značajna su smjernica za uspostavu i provedbu redovitog monitoringa voda u Hrvatskoj, a struci olakšavaju izradu strategije s ciljem smanjenja ostataka pesticida u plodinama i okolišu općenito. Podatci o potrošnji temelje se na podatcima Fitosanitarnog informacijskog sustava (FIS)., Within the frame of two studies ("Impact of agriculture on surface and groundwater pollution in the Republic of Croatia" and "Determination of priority groundwater monitoring areas within an intensive agricultural area"), an analysis of pesticide consumption in agriculture in Croatia was conducted. Consumption analysis was carried out with the aim of determining the pressure from agriculture on surface and groundwater. The aim was to determine potentially dangerous active substances of pesticides for water and the environment in general. The analysis has been done on the basis of consumed quantities of active substances and based on the way of agricultural land use. Data on the type, amount consumed and crop treated are necessary for establishing and conducting regular monitoring of waters in Croatia. Collected dana enables professionals to develop a strategy to reduce pesticide residues in plant products and in the environment in general. Consumption data are based on available Phytosanitary Information System (FIS) data.

Sredstva za zaštitu bilja 2017. sadrži pregled sredstava za zaštitu bilja dozvoljenih za uporabu u Republici Hrvatskoj u 2017. godini. Sva sredstva koja se stavljaju u promet u Republici Hrvatskoj moraju biti registrirana pri nadležnoj upravi Ministarstva poljoprivrede. Informacije o sredstvima za zaštitu bilja mogu se pronaći i na web stranicama Ministarstva poljoprivrede (FIS Web Portal). Sredstva su podijeljena prema namjeni u najznačajnije skupine: herbicidi, fungicidi i zoocidi. Svaka skupina sadrži pregled sredstava prema aktivnim tvarima. O svakom sredstvu navedeni su slijedeći podaci: trgovački naziv, formulacija, količina djelatne tvari, proizvođač i distributer, te koncentracija ili doza za suzbijanje uz popis štetočinja i kultura za koje sredstvo ima dozvolu za primjenu. Također, navedene su i karence za kulture u kojima je primjena dozvoljena. Zbog brojnih izmjena te dopuna rješenja i registracija, sredstva za zaštitu bilja se smiju koristiti isključivo prema uputama za uporabu koji se nalaze na ambalaži proizvoda. Svaka primjena sredstava za zaštitu bilja na bilo koji drugi način od navedenog u uputi za korištenje i na etiketi obavlja se isključivo na vlastitu odgovornost., The document Plant Protection Products 2017 gives an overview of plant protection products permitted for use in the Republic of Croatia in 2017. All plant protection products that are put in distribution in the Republic of Croatia must be registered with the competent authority of the Ministry of Agriculture. Information on registered plant protection products can be found on the website of the Ministry of Agriculture (the FIS Web Portal). Plant protection products are, according to their application, divided into three major groups: herbicides, fungicides and zoocides. Each group offers an overview of products according to active substances. Each plant protection product, along with a list of pests and crops for which a permit for application was obtained, includes the following information: trade name, formulation, amount of active ingredients, manufacturer and distributor, and suppression concentration or dosage. Also listed are due pre-harvest intervals of crops for which the application is allowed. Due to the numerous amendments to relevant decisions and registration procedures, plant protection products may only be used according to the instructions for use indicated on the packaging. Any application of plant protection products in any manner other than specified in the instructions for use and on the label shall be considered performed exclusively at one’s own risk.

Zoocidi su tvari namijenjene suzbijanju štetnih organizama. Prema skupinama organizama koje suzbijaju, dijele se na: insekticide, akaricide, nematocide, limacide, rodenticide i korvifuge. Sredstva za zaštitu biljaka imaju određeni spektar djelovanja na štetne organizme koje učinkovito suzbijaju. Svako sredstvo za zaštitu bilja uz sebe ima pripadajuće upute za primjenu i sigurno rukovanje. Intenzivnom upotrebom SZB dolazi do negativnih kemijskih utjecaja kako na čovjeka, biljni i životinjski svijet tako i na cjelokupan okoliš. Svako SZB mora se pravilno uskladištiti, daleko od hrane i pića i hrane za životinje. Zakoni i norme koji reguliraju uporabu pesticida uvelike pomažu pravilnom korištenju i zbrinjavanju otpada i ambalaže. Biljni insekticidi imaju malu toksičnost u usporedbi s ostalim kemijskim insekticidima. Njihova buduća proizvodnja i prilagodba pomoći će uporabi SZB kako bi se smanjili štetni utjecaji koji se manifestiraju uporabom kemijskih insekticida., Zoocides are substances intended to combat harmful organisms. According to the group of organisms that they suppress, they can be divided into: insecticides, acaricides, nematocides, limacides, rodenticides and korvifuge. Plant protection products have a specific affect of action on harmful organisms which they effectively suppress. Every plant protection product has the instructions for use and safe handling. With intensive use of plant protection products comes to negative chemical influences not to only humans but also wildlife and overall environment. Each plant protection product must be properly stored away from food, drinks and animal feed. Laws and standards governing the use of pesticides greatly assist the proper use and disposal of waste and packaging. Herbal insecticides have low toxicity in comparison with other chemical insecticides. Their future production and adaptation will help the use of plant protetcion products in order to reduce harmful effects that manifest by using chemical insectidices.

Pšenica je usev koji se seje na površini između 450.000 i 650.000 ha u poslednjih nekoliko godina. Prinosi variraju od 3 do 8 tona / ha ( prosek je 3,5 tone/ha ). Kao i za druge useve tako i kod pšenice primena blagovremene i stručne tehnologije je obavezna mera. Pšenicu treba u toku proizvodnje održavati bez prisustva korova, štetočina i patogena kako bi se potigao maksimalan prinos. Prisustvo štetnih agenasa pored umanjenja prinosa dolazi i do smanjivanja kvaliteta proizvoda – zrna pšenice i povećavaju troškove žetve i povećanje vlage u vreme žetve. Prognoza pojave štetnih agenasa je prvi i osnovni zadatak kao i kontrola i terapija koja se preduzima tokom vegetacije. Na tržištu postoji dovoljan broj preparata iz grupe herbicida, zoocida i fungicida koji blagovremenom primenom po preporuci stručnjaka iz Poljoprivrednih stručnih službi i po uputstvu proizvođača pesticida omoguđavaju proizvodnju zdravog useva uz postizanje maksimalnih prinosa. Wheat is a crop that is sown on the surface of between 450,000 and 650,000 ha in recent years. Yields range from 3 to 8 tons / ha (average is 3.5 tons / ha). As with other crops of wheat and timely implementation of the technology and expertise required measures. Wheat production should be maintained during the absence of weeds, pests and pathogens to achieved maximum yields. The presence of harmful agents in addition to yield reduction leads to the reduction of the quality of the product - wheat harvest and increase the cost and increase the moisture content at harvest time. Predicting the harmful agents is the first and foremost task as well as control and treatment undertaken during the growing season. On the market there are a sufficient number of agents from the group of herbicides, fungicides zoocides and timely implementation of the recommendation of experts in agricultural extension services and the pesticide manufacturer’s instructions cas producing healthy crops to achieve maximum yields.