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Copyright of Soziale Welt is the property of Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article focuses on laws governing for mitigating the effects of the lobbyist revolving door in the Idaho. Topics discussed include measures for mitigating the effects such as prohibitions on quid pro quo arrangements, and implementation of waiting periods; comparative analysis of the states within the jurisdiction of the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals; and enactment of Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 for addressing the same.

The article discusses the concept of a Revolving Door Effect (RDE) in American government and politics which deals with lobbyists and the free transfer of employment from the nation's public sector to the private sector, and it provides recommendations regarding the Idaho government's efforts to combat the RDE with waiting period legislation. Decision-making by public officials is examined, along with promises of future employment from corporations. Quid pro quo arrangements are also assessed.

High incarceration rates and a focus on incapacitation during incarceration lead to a 'revolving door effect' in the United States, with more than two thirds of parolees rearrested within three years of release. One aspect that is missing from efforts to resolve the revolving door effect is how access to and use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) might improve the reentry process. Focus groups with 73 male and female returning citizens in a large Midwestern city examined which types of ICTs parolees use and for what purposes; what the key barriers to access and use are; and which kinds of ICTs parolees need for reentry services. Our findings show that both access and lack of skills are barriers to using ICTs, with many perceived negative effects reported by our participants. As part of our policy recommendations, we stress the importance of including ICT training during and after incarceration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Treball Social is the property of Col·legi Oficial de TreballSocial de Catalunya and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Die Kardiologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the context of the reform of psychiatric services in Greece, the debate about the concept of recovery is still growing. Recovery is defined as a path through which individuals facing mental health challenges are enabled to regain and further develop significant relationships with family, friends, the community, and themselves and at the same time to cope with the detrimental effects of stigma through empowerment. The present qualitative study aims to explore the experiences of people living in EPAPSY's (Association for Regional Development and Mental Health) community residential facilities focusing mainly upon the key concepts of the CHIME (connectivity, hope, identity, meaning, and empowerment) conceptual framework of recovery. To this end, semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven participants living and receiving mental health care in a residential facility of EPAPSY. The participants' accounts were analyzed using thematic analysis in a deductive and inductive manner. The research findings highlighted, among others, the challenges the participants faced during their early years in family and school, the experience of the revolving door effect, and the perceived turn their life took when they were transferred to a community residential facility, thus opening a new chapter in their lives. Of the five CHIME concepts, all are present in the participants' accounts, with emphasis given to a meaningful present, a need to feel "normal" again, and a positive outlook for the future, both for themselves and their relationships, despite the persistence of certain difficulties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mozambique implemented in 2021 a formative assessment in 22 prisons to identify the operational and logistical needs for the second round of the Biobehavioral Survey (BBS). Barriers and facilitators that could be anticipated in conducting BBS in prisons, in preparation for implementation, was evaluated using semi-structured questionnaires administered to key informants (directors and other kind of managers staff). The data were cleaned and analyzed using Microsoft Excel, and the categorical variables were summarized by means of simple frequencies and percentages. In most prisons the current prison capacity far exceeds the theoretical capacity, 40.9% have a theoretical capacity of ≥ 50 inmates, 81.8% have inmates who exceed their theoretical capacity. In the country half of the prisons receive only male inmates, and only one female, 54.5% of the prisons visited have inmates under 18 years of age, 72.7% of the prisons had a private space available for the survey, the penitentiary establishments have the physical space for study; ensuring the safety of staff within the facilities; involvement of correctional officers and a clinical focal point. However, barriers such as time management due to prison opening hours, prison laws, restrictions, or permits for research may change without notice due to security, lockdowns, riots, or other situations that may hinder the implementation of research. The implementation of successive and regular rounds of BBS in different environments, contexts and populations constitute opportunities for generating information and indicators not always captured by programmatic data and not only as an opportunity for offering and making healthcare available in prison environments that in a routine context, but these populations normally have also not had equal opportunities. Currently, little is known about the implementation of a BBS in a correctional environment and only a few barriers can be anticipated, for Mozambique's context, these challenges and obstacles can be overcome through clear communication and collaboration with officials at all levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This Comment delves into the fundamental right to familial association and integrity in the United States, tracing its historical significance and its erosion in the criminal legal system. Focusing on the Ninth Circuit's case, United States v. Magdaleno, it scrutinizes a supervised release condition that restricts interactions with siblings, revealing a potential avenue for family separation through community supervision. Recognizing the historical legacy of family separation, particularly affecting communities of color, this Comment emphasizes the disproportionate impact Magdaleno is poised to have on the Black community, perpetuated by racially-biased policies. By concentrating on the specific ramifications of the Magdaleno ruling on the Black community, this Comment highlights the stark racial disparities within the criminal legal system. It argues that the ruling, influenced by a history intertwined with enslavement and the criminalization of Blackness, will disproportionately affect the Black community, both in terms of numbers and through the consideration of cultural and socioeconomic factors. Structured into five parts, this Comment provides foundational knowledge on supervised release, explores the interconnectedness of family separation, gang enforcement, and community supervision with Blackness, and analyzes the Magdaleno case. It further elucidates the implications of the court's ruling, including the expansion of the carceral state, perpetuation of family separation, and increased recidivism, especially for the Black community. As an in-depth examination rooted in Critical Race Theory (CRT), this Comment seeks to contribute to the discourse surrounding racial disparities and colorblind policies within the criminal legal system. By offering abolitionist approaches to supervised release, it advocates for reforms that align with constitutional ideals, ultimately urging the nation to prioritize community care and nonpunitiveness in its approach to harm and punishment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper analyses how firm births and deaths are influenced by previous firm births and deaths in related and unrelated sectors. Competition and multiplier effects are used as the theoretical lens for this analysis. Design/methodology/approach: This paper uses 2008–2016 Irish business demography data pertaining to 568 NACE 4-digit sectors within 20 NACE 1-digit industries across 34 Irish county and sub-county regions within 8 NUTS3 regions. A three-stage least squares (3SLS) estimation is used to analyse the impact of past firm deaths (births) on future firm births (deaths). The effect of relatedness on firm interrelationships is explicitly modelled and captured. Findings: Findings indicate that the multiplier effect operates mostly through related sectors, while the competition effect operates mostly through unrelated sectors. Research limitations/implications: This paper's findings show that firm interrelationships are significantly influenced by the degree of relatedness between firms. The raw data used to calculate firm birth and death rates in this analysis are count data. Each new firm is measured the same as another regardless of differing features like size. Some research has shown that smaller firms have a greater propensity to create entrepreneurs (Parker, 2009). Thus, it is possible that the death of differently sized firms may contribute differently to multiplier effects where births induce further births. Future research could seek to examine this. Practical implications: These findings have implications for policy initiatives concerned with increasing entrepreneurship. Some express concerns that public investment into entrepreneurship can lead to "crowding out" effects (Cumming and Johan, 2019), meaning that public investment into entrepreneurship could displace or reduce private investment into entrepreneurship (Audretsch and Fiedler, 2023; Zikou et al., 2017). This study's findings indicate that using public investment to increase firm births could increase future firm births in related and unrelated sectors. However, more negative "crowding out" effects may also occur in unrelated sectors, meaning that public investment which stimulates firm births in a certain sector could induce firm deaths and crowd out entrepreneurship in unrelated sectors. Originality/value: This paper is the first in the literature to explicitly account for the role of relatedness in firm interrelationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article seeks to understand the ways that the COVID-19 pandemic has tested the effectiveness of library-based equity, diversity, and inclusion efforts. In the early days of the pandemic, libraries closed their doors and pivoted to digital services and programs, resources often inaccessible to BIPOC and low-income users. Since reopening, libraries have found that the lack of diversity in their ranks and information curation is compromising their ability to actualize the equity, diversity, and inclusion goals—objectives that are critical to closing the socioeconomic gaps that the pandemic has only widened. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The economic crisis of 2008 resulted in a unique context for the empirical experimentation of organizational learning and entrepreneurship theories from Schumpeterian inspiration. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how the economic downturns change the limits and possibilities to pursue both exploration and exploitation and thus achieve innovative performance. Design/methodology/approach: This study examines an original database with the patent portfolio of 2,309 firms based in Brazil, covering a period of eight years preceding the 2008 economic crisis, that is 2000–2007, and five years thereafter, 2008–2013. To test the hypotheses empirically, the authors use the negative binomial model. Findings: The findings add to the literature in two ways. First, this study found a positive association between exploitation and exploration behaviour and innovative performance. However, this relation is curvilinear because there are diminishing negative effects on innovation. Second, regarding the distinction between creative destruction and creative accumulation, the results support the prevalence of creative accumulation, although consistent with the notion of co-occurrence of both models. Originality/value: This study expands the discussion on how entrepreneurs respond to the economic crisis in specific contexts of an emerging economy. We provide new empirical evidence through the exploration of a unique data set on the patent portfolio of 2,309 firms based in Brazil. Most of the previous literature has applied this topic to developed countries, and there are few studies that apply this topic outside the focus of US and European countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article summarizes the experience of organizing home hospitalization in psychiatry for acute and subacute cases and organizing a system of Flexible Assertive Community Treatment (FACT) in Israel. Findings indicate a decline in readmissions after the end of home hospitalization, longer duration of home hospitalization and cheaper price of health insurance fund than regular hospitalization. Diagnoses among patients included schizophrenia, major depression and bipolar affective disorder.

Background: Each country has each mental health act (MHA), which usually responds to the need of the society. Without exception, Taiwan has been through the enacting and amending the MHA since 1990. Methods: In the review, the authors intend to recount and to describe enacted or amended MHA in Taiwan. They are focusing on 2022 amendment to the MHA in Taiwan. Results: In Taiwan, the MHA with 52 articles was enacted in 1990, aiming at preventing and treating mental illnesses, safeguarding patient rights, promoting patient welfare, enhancing national mental health, as well as maintaining social harmony and tranquility. After several minor amendments, a significant revision took place in 2007. Since 2007, the focus of amendment to MHA was shifted from originally preventing and treating mental illnesses and protecting patient rights, to the addition of avoiding the stigmatization of mental illnesses. The goal of maintaining social harmony and tranquility was removed, but support and assistance for patients in community living were emphasized. The United Nations’ “Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities” (CRPD), announced in 2006, serves as a crucial benchmark for the protection of the rights of persons with disabilities internationally. Taiwan’s implementation law for the CRPD was promulgated in 2014. According to the spirit of the CRPD, the 2022 Amendment to the MHA in Taiwan is intended to enhance the protection of the rights of patients with mental illnesses, to strengthen community support for patients, and to assist them in achieving equal living with others. The 2022 amended MHA in Taiwan comprises seven chapters and 91 articles, with key focuses on (a) promoting mental health, (b) establishing community mental health centers and diverse community support, (c) improving patient assistance and front-end prevention, strengthening patient reporting, and establishing crisis management mechanisms, (d) changing the approach to mandatory hospitalization treatment to involve judicial reservation, and (e) safeguarding patient rights, prioritizing criminal proceedings in cases of homicide and injury, and preventing stigmatization. Conclusion: The 2022 Amendment to the MHA in Taiwan is dedicated to more comprehensively caring for individuals with mental illnesses when concurrently safeguarding their rights, aligning with the modern societal emphasis on mental and physical health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides an overview of the tactics used by the tobacco industry to influence public opinion and disrupt health policy. These tactics include advertising, promotion, and sponsorship; the use of front groups; manipulating the media; funding biased research; political lobbying; and legal challenges. The article suggests countering these tactics through comprehensive advertising bans, plain packaging, and remaining vigilant about industry front groups. It also emphasizes the need for independent research and legislation to regulate electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) like e-cigarettes. The article includes a list of sources related to the tobacco industry and control, as well as information on legal challenges and litigation. [Extracted from the article]

This paper examines the impact of urbanisation, concentration and diversification on firm births and firm deaths across European regions while uniquely accounting for the role of firm interrelationships, regional factors and national fixed effects. A 3SLS model on firm births and deaths is estimated across 196 regions and 16 European countries from 2008 to 2017. We find that density positively influences firm births and negatively influences firm deaths. Related variety positively impacts firm deaths and negatively affects firm births. Significant national variations are also observed. Multiplier effects are identified within and across regions as firm births positively influence future firm births and negatively influence future firm deaths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The financial crisis has brought a new focus on the accuracy of credit rating agencies (CRAs). In this paper, we highlight the incentives of analysts at the CRAs to provide accurate ratings. We construct a model in which analysts initially work at a CRA and can then either remain or move to a bank. The CRA uses incentive contracts to motivate analysts, but does not capture the benefits if the analyst moves. We find that rating agency accuracy increases with CRA monitoring, bank profitability (a positive ''revolving door'' effect), and can be non-monotonic in the probability of an analyst leaving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Literature concerning assessment and treatment of comorbid substance abuse and mental illness is reviewed. Currently, comorbidity is under-diagnosed and dually diagnosed clients are under-served. Those clients, who are so diagnosed, are most often offered dichotomous parallel or serial interventions. However, research suggests that an integrated approach is preferable. Enhanced training of mental health and substance abuse professionals is urgently needed as is further research concerning the efficacy of various treatment modalities. Improved identification and treatment of comorbidity may reduce the revolving door effect among these individuals and thereby lower health care costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With Italian data, this paper investigates the role of institutional banking diversity on firms' exit. Using the Gini–Simpson index, a measure of biodiversity drawn from ecological sciences, we find that banking diversity would have reduced firms' exit rates in the period under investigation (2009–2020), and such a beneficial effect appears sharper for the years of the last financial–sovereign crisis. Both of these findings seem to support the "biodiversity argument" pioneered by Ayadi et al. (2009, 2010), stating that – beyond the merits of any particular bank institutional model – it is indeed the coexistence of a mix of different credit institutions that matters in favouring the financing of the real economy, especially in a scenario characterized by financial turmoil and uncertainty. As a policy recommendation, authorities should promote regulations that, avoiding bias towards a specific bank model, aim to preserve and promote biodiversity in the banking sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This intensified case finding study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) disease among people with HIV entering the largest prison in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach: The study was conducted in Kajang prison, starting in July 2013 in the men's prison and June 2015 in the women's prison. Individuals tested positive for HIV infection, during the mandatory HIV testing at the prison entry, were consecutively recruited over five months at each prison. Consented participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire and asked to submit two sputum samples that were assessed using GeneXpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) and culture, irrespective of clinical presentation. Factors associated with active TB (defined as a positive result on either Xpert or culture) were assessed using regression analyses. Findings: Overall, 214 incarcerated people with HIV were recruited. Most were men (84.6%), Malaysians (84.1%) and people who inject drugs (67.8%). The mean age was 37.5 (SD 8.2) years, and median CD4 lymphocyte count was 376 cells/mL (IQR 232–526). Overall, 27 (12.6%) TB cases were identified, which was independently associated with scores of five or more on the World Health Organization clinical scoring system for prisons (ARR 2.90 [95% CI 1.48–5.68]). Originality/value: Limited data exists about the prevalence of TB disease at prison entry, globally and none from Malaysia. The reported high prevalence of TB disease in the study adds an important and highly needed information to design comprehensive TB control programmes in prisons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The “No Fixed Address” version 2 (NFAv.2) project tested the efficacy of a potential best practice program that aimed to prevent discharge from hospital into homelessness. Forchuk and colleagues developed a system that streamlined housing and social supports using on-site access to help inpatients in a psychiatric unit who were homeless or at-risk of homelessness find safe, affordable housing. A total of 370 individuals accessed the NFAv.2 program between August 2017 and May 2020. Of these, 88 participants who accessed the intervention were enrolled in the evaluation of the project. Information on housing history and housing outcomes were collected during hospital admission and at 3-time points post-discharge. Focus groups were conducted for program participants, health care staff, and community partners to gather information regarding their experiences with the program. Of those who participated in the intervention, 80% were housed and remained housed at 12 months post-discharge. Results from focus groups also indicated that the majority of NFAv.2 clients, staff, and community partners were satisfied with the intervention. Since homelessness has a detrimental effect on recovery, client safety, and healthcare expenditures, locating safe housing has had a positive impact on treatment, rehabilitation, and the healthcare system as a whole. The findings of this project offer policy alternatives for the prevention of homelessness for at-risk individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study analyses the relations and processes underpinning grand corruption in the health sector in Greece. Viewed from a systemic-structural perspective, corruption is examined as a phenomenon emerging from the interactions and interconnections between the organized structures of venture capital and the state apparatus. Applying an integrated theoretical model of state-corporate crime and drawing on extensive empirical qualitative research, this paper traces the processes of normalization and institutionalization of corruption within the context of social networks and organizations. It is argued that corruption is not a deviant response to a normal system but a normal response to a system fostering illicit practice in accordance with capitalist ethos, profiteering, and the distribution of economic resources. In this wide political economy context, existing power relations and structures within the health sector are being reproduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Criminology & Criminal Justice is the property of University of Toronto Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: U.S. teacher shortages have more than tripled since the 2012-2013 school year, to over 110 000 teachers needed in 2016. At the conclusion of the 2011-12 school year, 13.8% of public-school teachers left their position. Approximately 50% of the public-school teachers cited the inability to manage their roles as the primary factor for leaving. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of participation in a 6-month Balint group experience on a novice teacher's self-efficacy, experience with burnout, and intentions to persist in the classroom. Research Design: A converged mixed-methods approach was used. Each question was explored with a corresponding qualitative and a quantitative dataset. Data Collection: Qualitative data included (a) a semi-structured focus group; (b) field notes shared from the co-facilitator and Balint group leader; (c) semi-structured debriefs with the Balint group leaders; (d) open-ended questions on the pre and post-test reflection forms, and (e) semi-structured interviews with 3 participants that served as a form of member checking. Quantitative data included pre and post-test and monthly reflection forms that were collected at the conclusion of each meeting. Teacher's self-efficacy, experience with burnout, and intentions to persist in the classroom. Study Sample: Eight teachers volunteered for the group after an email solicitation to all the teacher development program's members. Results: This article examines sources of stress for new teachers, themes that came up in the Balint group that reflect the stress and its impact, and changes in felt burnout, self-efficacy, an intent to persist in teaching. Teachers faced similar stressors to professionals in the medical field. Conclusion: Balint offers an opportunity to addres the social and emotional needs teachers face. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we examine the relationships between overall institutional faculty diversity and law student diversity at institutions with Top 14 law schools and Association of American Universities (AAU) member institutions with law schools over the past decade. We chose to examine these institutions because they are arguably the most influential and have the greatest likelihood to produce students who become university professors (Gasman, 2022). In addition, their graduates are more likely to become prominent judges, politicians, and attorneys (Deo, 2019). The paper includes 12 major findings, including: Diversity at higher ranking law schools shows more law student diversity in contrast to law schools that are ranked lower. It appears that law students of color tend to attend higher ranked law schools as a preference upon decision to attend law school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this scoping review was to explore the role of gender within speech-language pathology practice. A scoping review was conducted using the Arksey and O'Malley's framework. Comprehensive and systematic searches of four international databases were conducted. Eligible studies included empirical findings that focussed on gender related to the practice of speech-language pathology, or gender issues amongst clinicians, published in a peer-reviewed journal, in English or French between 1994 and 2020. Twenty articles met our inclusion criteria, involving 4035 participants across seven countries over a 25-year period. Our conceptual mapping highlighted the following key trends: (1) speech-language pathology is a gendered profession; (2) gender-related factors affecting career choice and job satisfaction; and (3) gender differences among speech-language pathologist practice. This review highlights the need for further research to understand the role of gender within speech-language pathology practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Labor shortages lead to crucial investment decisions, such as selecting software supporting work processes. The healthcare sector stands out because of additional restructuring due to demographic changes. This is particularly true for the care sector; hence, customized case management software (CMSW) solutions for healthcare professionals are being developed. In an increasingly profit-oriented healthcare system, sustainability, cost-effectiveness and quantification of benefits of investments play a major role. We analyzed research dealing with the benefits of case and care management software and, additionally, interviewed case managers who use recently developed CMSW within a case study. We used utility effect chains to visualize and quantify the gathered benefits of an information system (IS) investment along with the healthcare system in Germany. The findings show that benefits from care management software need to be seen more holistically. Utility effect chains can serve as a helpful instrument for the visualization of indirect benefits in healthcare. The most significant benefits of CMSW were found to be various cost savings for each of the participating stakeholders, a reduction in redundant entries of patient data and the prevention of cost-intensive revolving door cases. Additionally, the insight into patient records reduces time-consuming communication among health experts and family caregivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Cryptocurrency, an important application of blockchain technology, has gradually circulated, and its use has become widespread. While cryptocurrency is growing rapidly, potential risks are simultaneously emerging. Users thus may abandon their usage behavior of cryptocurrency, hindering the future development of cryptocurrency. While prior studies focus more on the intention to use cryptocurrency in the pre-adoption phase, less studies pay attention to discontinuance usage intention in the post-adoption phase. To fill this knowledge gap, this stfudy aims to explore factors that cause discontinuance usage intention regarding cryptocurrency. Design/methodology/approach: Based on the net valence framework theoretically grounded on the theory of reason action, a dilemmatic dual-factor model is proposed to figure out cryptocurrency users' discontinuance usage intention from the perceived risk and perceived benefit. This study identifies four potential risks and three potential benefits that affect perceived risk and benefit. The model with nine hypotheses were developed, and research data were collected by a survey method. A total of 343 valid responses were received, and PLS-SEM with SmartPLS was utilized to test the nine hypotheses, with seven hypotheses supported empirically. Findings: Our findings demonstrate that financial, legal and operational risks are critical to increase users' perceived risk, and perceived usefulness and seamless transactions play important roles in enhancing users' perceived benefit. Moreover, while perceived risk can increase users' discontinuance usage intention to cryptocurrency, perceived benefit can mitigate such intention. Originality/value: This study contributes nascent knowledge to the literature by examining factors that influence discontinuous usage intention in regard to cryptocurrencies, to firms that have issued or attempted to issue cryptocurrencies and to the potential users of cryptocurrencies by adjusting the mode of operation and investment strategies and reducing user costs, achieving a win-win situation for firms and users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of antibiotics and dyes has resulted in severe water pollution and health risks; therefore, it is urgent to remove them from water sources. Among the most common methods for removing harmful water contaminants, adsorption and photodegradation are the most economical, simple, and reusable. Due to their high porosity, adjustability, and crystal structure, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are one of the effective adsorbents and photocatalysts. A typical MOF material is zeolitic imidazolate framework-8/67 (ZIF-8 and ZIF-67), comprising essentially of the metal atoms Zn and 2-methylimidazole (2-MIM). ZIF-8 and ZIF-67 have unique properties that make them efficient in water treatment due to high adsorption capacities and being good hosts for photocatalytic materials. In this article, a review study of the design and methods of synthesis of ZIF-8 and ZIF-67 composites is presented. An introduction to the current research on the role of ZIF-8 and ZIF-67 compounds as adsorbents and photocatalysts for wastewater pollution removal is provided. In this review study, we aim to supply a mechanistic perspective on the use of ZIF-8/67 composites in wastewater purification and present novel visions for the development of extremely effective ZIF-8/67-based adsorbents and photocatalysts. To unlock the full potential of ZIF-8/67 composites in dye and antibiotic removal and water recycling, current difficulties will be discussed in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interpersonal violence is a wicked and complex issue with youth disproportionately affected. Its effects are multifaceted, placing an additional burden across systems. Despite this, there continues to be an exclusive focus on police recorded crime data in the context of post-conflict Northern Ireland. Given the enduring issue around police legitimacy, it is likely that police-related crime data are limited in its capacity to estimate incidences and trends of youth violence. Leveraging insights from other sources of data can add significant value in the prevention of youth violence. For example, there is significant utility in the use of health-related data in the prevention of higher-harm violence; however, in the context of Northern Ireland this has been under-evaluated. This retrospective cohort study sought to illustrate what could be gleaned using a novel approach to Emergency Department (ED) data. Routinely collected data captured from youth aged 12–25 attending an ED trauma centre for violence-related injuries between August 2020 and August 2021 were collated, coded and analysed. We found that young men were most likely to present to ED with violence-related injuries; incidences were temporally clustered across several months of the year (i.e. Summer); and younger aged youth were at greater risk of violence-related injuries during the afternoon and early evening. These findings illustrate the utility of health data for violence prevention and the potential for integrating administrative datasets in the design of prevention policy. Limitations and implications for practice are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: U.S. teacher shortages have more than tripled since the 2012-2013 school year, to over 110 000 teachers needed in 2016. At the conclusion of the 2011-12 school year, 13.8% of public-school teachers left their position. Approximately 50% of the public-school teachers cited the inability to manage their roles as the primary factor for leaving. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of participation in a 6-month Balint group experience on a novice teacher's self-efficacy, experience with burnout, and intentions to persist in the classroom. Research Design: A converged mixed-methods approach was used. Each question was explored with a corresponding qualitative and a quantitative dataset. Data Collection: Qualitative data included (a) a semi-structured focus group; (b) field notes shared from the co-facilitator and Balint group leader; (c) semi-structured debriefs with the Balint group leaders; (d) open-ended questions on the pre and post-test reflection forms, and (e) semi-structured interviews with 3 participants that served as a form of member checking. Quantitative data included pre and post-test and monthly reflection forms that were collected at the conclusion of each meeting. Teacher's self-efficacy, experience with burnout, and intentions to persist in the classroom. Study Sample: Eight teachers volunteered for the group after an email solicitation to all the teacher development program's members. Results: This article examines sources of stress for new teachers, themes that came up in the Balint group that reflect the stress and its impact, and changes in felt burnout, self-efficacy, an intent to persist in teaching. Teachers faced similar stressors to professionals in the medical field. Conclusion: Balint offers an opportunity to addres the social and emotional needs teachers face. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]