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第34回宇宙構造・材料シンポジウム（2018年12月14日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所 (JAXA)(ISAS)), 相模原市, 神奈川県, 34th Symposium on Aerospace Structure and Materials (December 14, 2018. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 資料番号: SA6000137024, レポート番号: B02

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that "cognition training" in teaching basketball improved the performance of decision-making by junior high-school students during a game. We have got two findings; 1) after the training, the proportion of appropriate decision making the students did when they were possessing a ball in a three-on-three game was increased by 31.7% for shooting, 23.7% for passing, 59.0% for keeping a possession of a ball. 2) With "cognition training", more than 95% of the students were able to make appropriate decisions, based on strategic knowledge of playing basketball.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the skill of preservice physical education teachers on University of Gymnastic Classes. As a result, the study revealed the following four points. 1) Mat movement, the "the cartwheel" "the forward roll with legs apart" "the backwards roll with legs apart," "the backwards roll with straight legs" high achievement "handstand" "the forward roll with stretched legs", "the backwards roll to a handstand" low achievement. 2) Horizontal bar movement is "over the knee rotates backwards" "rise over the thigh," a low degree of skills achievement and eight, many of which have been classified development skill in National Curriculum. 3) Vaulting Horse movement had higher achievement than any other item. It is not complicated and that the system works than other disciplines is considered that sufficient time had been put into practice a single technique.

The purpose of this study is to develop a sheet which promotes "Reflection" for student teachers participating on the micro-teaching in the pre-service education program "Methodology of content areas in Physical Education". The student teachers (n=25) participated in the micro-teaching class (20 min) in the second semester in 2006. The methods of collecting data and conducting investigation are as follows: The data was analyzed by one postgraduate, undergraduate and a university lecturer, who guided and supervised the class. The KJ method was used for classifying the data into categories, naming the categories, and making a concept chart. We got 5 categories from the data. In particular, 3 of those received considerably high response rates. We made the "Reflection Sheet" according to the result.

The purpose of this report is to examine the significance of the teaching practice in elementary / middle schools in the United States by a group of Japanese graduate students. In Overseas Teaching Practicum held in schools in the State of North Carolina, the United States of America, for a week in September, 2009, the six Japanese graduate students majoring in education planned and gave lessons in some schools in America on Japanese society and culture in English. As a result, it was recognized that the teaching experiences in the international setting could contribute to the enhancement of the teaching skills, international understanding, understanding of home culture, and self-transformation of the participant students. Furthermore, considering the overall achievements of the projects during the past years, some commonalities were identified in the processes and focuses of their lesson planning/implementation, and the changes which took place during the project.

The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of the electronic board in the physical education class. As the result, the following three points of the electronic board were clarified. (1) The use of the electronic board in the physical education class brought students a lot of advantages when they lean. For example, it was suggested that writing the explanation in the animation by the electronic board was connected with the understanding level of student's technique and knowledge. Moreover, the effect of the electronic board wasn't temporary one but continuous one. (2) In the aspect of the skill, it is thought that participating in classes positively after improving the skill and arousing will had the great influence on acquisition of skill. (3) It was thought that using the electronic board had an big influence not only in the students side but also the teachers when they teach in the class. Namely, improving the correspondences to the students who can't do well and sharing learning by promoting efficiency of the explanation of the sports skill will enable teachers to teach in detail and then, it was connected with the leadership of the teacher.

Purpose To assess the histological properties of cells from displaced fragments obtained from patients with advanced osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the elbow and to examine whether these displaced fragments could be used as cell sources for autologous chondrocyte implantation. Methods We harvested 6 displaced fragments from 6 patients who underwent osteochondral mosaicplasty for OCD of the elbow. The displaced fragments were examined histologically and digested to obtain chondrocytes. The cells obtained from young patients and skeletally matured cadaveric donors were examined using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis to quantify the expression of chondrocyte marker genes. The cells were cultured in atelocollagen, and the properties of 3-dimensional cultured cartilage were examined. Results All 6 displaced fragments contained hyaline cartilage tissue. Chondrocyte marker genes were examined using cells from only 4 patients, because we obtained enough cells in only 4 patients. The relative expression levels of aggrecan, type II, Sox 9 were 2.61, 4.03, and 1.71, respectively. Three-dimensional cultured cartilage from all 6 displaced fragments contained 62.0 pg/cell (range, 22.8-91.3 pg/cell) of glycosaminoglycan and expressed type II collagen in the superficial and middle layer. Conclusions The chondrocytes obtained from the displaced fragments remained viable and exhibited chondrogenic features. These cells may potentially be a cell source of autologous chondrocytes implantation. Clinical Relevance We have shown that displaced fragments from OCD of the elbow have potential for a cell source for generating 3-dimensional cultured cartilage.