1,693 results on '"S.J. Wilson"'
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2. Petitions to Wind Up (Companies): S.J. WILSON (ROOFING CONTRACTORS) LIMITED
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General interest ,News, opinion and commentary - Abstract
London: The Gazette (official Public Record office) of United Kingdom has issued the following notice:A Petition to wind up the above-named Company, Registration Number 02998790, of ,34 Howard Business Park, [...]
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- 2019
3. WOMEN, THE FAMILY, AND THE ECONOMY, Second Edition S.J. Wilson
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WHITE, JAMES M.
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- 1988
4. Reports from S.J. Wilson et al Highlight Recent Findings in Neuroimaging (Neuroimaging craving: urge intensity matters)
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Health ,Psychology and mental health - Abstract
By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Mental Health Weekly Digest -- A new study on Neuroimaging is now available. According to news originating from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, by NewsRx correspondents, [...]
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- 2015
5. New Neuroscience Study Results Reported from S.J. Wilson et al (Self-control, negative affect and neural activity during effortful cognition in deprived smokers)
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Cognition -- Research ,Neurosciences -- Research ,Health - Abstract
By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Pain & Central Nervous System Week -- A new study on Nervous System Research is now available. According to news reporting originating from [...]
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- 2014
6. Report Summarizes Asthma Study Findings from S.J. Wilson and Co-Researchers
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Corticosteroids -- Reports ,Asthma -- Reports ,Health - Abstract
By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Respiratory Therapeutics Week -- Current study results on Obstructive Lung Diseases have been published. According to news reporting from Southampton, United Kingdom, by [...]
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- 2013
7. Research on Kaposi sarcoma discussed by S.J. Wilson and co-researchers
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Kaposi's sarcoma ,Tumors - Abstract
"Reactivation of lytic replication from viral latency is a defining property of all herpesviruses (see also Kaposi Sarcoma). Despite this, the authentic physiological cues for the latent-lytic switch are unclear," [...]
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- 2008
8. New preventive medicine research has been reported by S.J. Wilson et al
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According to recent research from the United States, "' Research about the effectiveness of school-based psychosocial prevention programs for reducing aggressive and disruptive behavior was synthesized using meta-analysis (see also [...]
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- 2007
9. Localization-Dependent and -Independent Roles of SLX4 in Regulating Telomeres
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Jamie S.J. Wilson, Agueda M. Tejera, Dennis Castor, Rachel Toth, Maria A. Blasco, and John Rouse
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Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
SLX4, a scaffold for structure-specific DNA repair nucleases, is important for several types of DNA repair. Many repair proteins bind to sites of DNA damage, resulting in subnuclear “foci,” but SLX4 forms foci in human cells even without DNA damage. Using several approaches, we show that most, but not all, SLX4 foci localize to telomeres in a range of human cell lines irrespective of the mechanisms used to maintain telomere length. The SLX1 Holliday-junction-processing enzyme is recruited to telomeres by SLX4, and SLX4, in turn, is recruited by a motif that binds to the shelterin subunit TRF2 directly. We also show that TRF2-dependent recruitment of SLX4 prevents telomere damage. Furthermore, SLX4 prevents telomere lengthening and fragility in a manner that appears to be independent of telomere association. These findings reveal that SLX4 plays multiple roles in regulating telomere homeostasis.
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- 2013
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10. Crop load manipulation and fruit cracking in sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.)
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P.F. Measham, S.A. Bound, A.J. Gracie, and S.J. Wilson
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fruit crop load ,incidence of cracking ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Yield loss from rain-induced fruit cracking is a perpetual risk associated with the production of sweet cherries, and is difficult to manage due to the unpredictability of fruit responses to late season rainfall. The aim of this five-year study was to investigate the relationship between fruit crop load and incidence of cracking. The results showed a negative correlation between crop load and incidence of fruit cracking, and it was found in both natural and manipulated crop load trials for all varieties studied and in all seasons assessed. The effect of crop load on final cracking levels are deter- mined post cell division. Results from this study showed that fruit width was positively correlated with cuticular cracking but, contrary to what has been purported in literature, no relationship between concentration of soluble sugars or firmness with the incidence of cracking was found. This study has confirmed that crop load should be a major consideration in orchard practices in developing strategies to manage fruit cracking.
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- 2013
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11. Asthma similarities across ProAR (Brazil) and U-BIOPRED (Europe) adult cohorts of contrasting locations, ethnicity and socioeconomic status
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Ana R. Sousa, Anna Selby, Jeanette Bigler, Hans Bisgaard, J. Cunha, I.M. Adcock, A.C.C. Coelho, Ryan Santos Costa, Pieter-Paul Hekking, Louise Fleming, Kai Sun, Amphun Chaiboonchoe, C.V.N. Santana, P. Moura-Santos, Scott Wagers, Ratko Djukanovic, G.P. Pinheiro, G. Hedlin, J.V. de Jesus, Kian Fan Chung, Jacek Musiał, Thomas Geiser, F. Baribaud, Emília Maria Medeiros de Andrade Belitardo, L. Cardoso, Klaus Bønnelykke, Anthony D. Postle, P H Howarth, Adelmir Souza-Machado, Valmar Biao-Lima, Stephen J. Fowler, Craig E. Wheelock, Alvaro A. Cruz, Mauricio Lima Barreto, Maria Ilma Araujo, Massimo Caruso, Laurie Pahus, P. J. Cooper, Florian Singer, W.M.C. van Aalderen, Paulo Augusto Moreira Camargos, Wolfgang Seibold, Ildiko Horvath, René Lutter, P.C.A. Almeida, I. Pandis, Victoria M. Goss, Aruna T. Bansal, John H. Riley, M. Puig Valls, P. Powel, Amanda Roberts, Alexander Mazein, M. Miralpeix, I. Paixao-Araujo, B. De Meulder, Michael Boedigheimer, Isaac Suzart Gomes-Filho, Chris Compton, C. Auffray, Jamie Matthews, Diane Lefaudeux, Elena Formaggio, A.A. Cruz, L.M. Mello, Anthony V. D'Amico, A. Lima-Matos, J. Fernandes, P. J. Sterk, Clare S. Murray, Enrica Bucchioni, Andrea Meiser, D. Erzen, Roelinde Middelveld, M. van Geest, Jørgen Vestbo, Alan J. Knox, Graham Roberts, Norbert Krug, Stewart Bates, G. Santos-Lima, Maggie Davis, Stelios Pavlidis, Paul Skipp, Yike Guo, Ariane H. Wagener, E.V. Ponte, Jens M. Hohlfeld, A. Souza-Machado, M.A. Lessa, I.S. Muniz, C.S. Cruz, Nadja Hawwa Vissing, Neuza Maria Alcantara-Neves, Tim Higenbottam, Navin Rao, Dominic Burg, Sarah Masefield, Z. Weiszhart, Matthew J. Loza, J. Haughney, Simone Hashimoto, Per Bakke, B. Thornton, José Miguel Chatkin, Andrew Bush, SE Dahlen, Joost Brandsma, N. Mores, G. Praticò, Kathleen C. Barnes, Carolina Souza-Machado, Rafael Stelmach, V. Bião-Lima, Martina Gahlemann, Paolo Montuschi, T.M.O. Souza, V.S. Vasquez, Camila Alexandrina Figueiredo, P. Chanez, Eduardo Vieira Ponte, Neil Fitch, Anthony Rowe, Cecile T.J. Holweg, S.J. Wilson, K. Fichtner, Alexander Manta, Lidia Lins, Dominic E. Shaw, David Myles, Julie Corfield, B. Dahlén, Thomas Sandström, Peter J. Sterk, Ian M. Adcock, Ralf Sigmund, James P.R. Schofield, Urs Frey, Laura C. Rodrigues, Leila Denise Alves Ferreira Amorim, E.H.D. Bel, Anna James, R.A. Franco, Paula Cristina Andrade Almeida, Paul Brinkman, H. Ahmed, Veit J. Erpenbeck, Richard G. Knowles, National Institute for Health Research, Pulmonology, and AII - Inflammatory diseases
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Male ,Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems ,BLOOD ,Cross-sectional study ,COUNT ,Respiratory System ,Ethnic group ,Disease ,Severity of Illness Index ,Cohort Studies ,0302 clinical medicine ,Quality of life ,Forced Expiratory Volume ,Disease management ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,610 Medicine & health ,1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology ,Middle Aged ,PREVALENCE ,Europe ,Phenotypes ,Phenotype ,INFECTIONS ,Female ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,Brazil ,Cohort study ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Adult ,Cross sectional study ,U-BIOPRED Study Groups ,03 medical and health sciences ,FEV1/FVC ratio ,ProAR Study Group ,Humans ,Socioeconomic status ,Asthma ,Science & Technology ,business.industry ,1103 Clinical Sciences ,medicine.disease ,SPIROMETRY ,REFERENCE VALUES ,respiratory tract diseases ,SEVERITY ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,030228 respiratory system ,Social Class ,Cardiovascular System & Cardiology ,Quality of Life ,business ,Biomarkers ,Demography - Abstract
Background Asthma prevalence is 339 million globally. ‘Severe asthma’ (SA) comprises subjects with uncontrolled asthma despite proper management. Objectives To compare asthma from diverse ethnicities and environments. Methods A cross-sectional analysis of two adult cohorts, a Brazilian (ProAR) and a European (U-BIOPRED). U-BIOPRED comprised of 311 non-smoking with Severe Asthma (SAn), 110 smokers or ex-smokers with SA (SAs) and 88 mild to moderate asthmatics (MMA) while ProAR included 544 SA and 452 MMA. Although these projects were independent, there were similarities in objectives and methodology, with ProAR adopting operating procedures of U-BIOPRED. Results Among SA subjects, age, weight, proportion of former smokers and FEV1 pre-bronchodilator were similar. The proportion of SA with a positive skin prick tests (SPT) to aeroallergens, the scores of sino-nasal symptoms and quality of life were comparable. In addition, blood eosinophil counts (EOS) and the % of subjects with EOS > 300 cells/μl were not different. The Europeans with SA however, were more severe with a greater proportion of continuous oral corticosteroids (OCS), worse symptoms and more frequent exacerbations. FEV1/FVC pre- and post-bronchodilator were lower among the Europeans. The MMA cohorts were less comparable in control and treatment, but similar in the proportion of allergic rhinitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease and EOS >3%. Conclusions ProAR and U-BIOPRED cohorts, with varying severity, ethnicity and environment have similarities, which provide the basis for global external validation of asthma phenotypes. This should stimulate collaboration between asthma consortia with the aim of understanding SA, which will lead to better management.
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- 2019
12. Consideraciones sobre la gobernanza y la restauración del paisaje forestal: Retos y oportunidades para la presente década
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R.L., Chazdon, primary, S.J., Wilson, additional, E., Brondizio, additional, J., Herbohn, additional, and M.R., Guariguata, additional
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- 2020
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13. Epithelial IL-6 trans-signaling defines a new asthma phenotype with increased airway inflammation
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Zala Jevnikar, Jörgen Östling, Elisabeth Ax, Jenny Calvén, Kristofer Thörn, Elisabeth Israelsson, Lisa Öberg, Akul Singhania, Laurie C.K. Lau, Susan J. Wilson, Jonathan A. Ward, Anoop Chauhan, Ana R. Sousa, Bertrand De Meulder, Matthew J. Loza, Frédéric Baribaud, Peter J. Sterk, Kian Fan Chung, Kai Sun, Yike Guo, Ian M. Adcock, Debbie Payne, Barbro Dahlen, Pascal Chanez, Dominick E. Shaw, Norbert Krug, Jens M. Hohlfeld, Thomas Sandström, Ratko Djukanovic, Anna James, Timothy S.C. Hinks, Peter H. Howarth, Outi Vaarala, Marleen van Geest, Henric Olsson, I.M. Adcock, H. Ahmed, C. Auffray, P. Bakke, A.T. Bansal, F. Baribaud, S. Bates, E.H. Bel, J. Bigler, H. Bisgaard, M.J. Boedigheimer, K. Bønnelykke, J. Brandsma, P. Brinkman, E. Bucchioni, D. Burg, A. Bush, M. Caruso, A. Chaiboonchoe, P. Chanez, F.K. Chung, C.H. Compton, J. Corfield, A. D'Amico, S.E. Dahlen, B. De Meulder, R. Djukanovic, V.J. Erpenbeck, D. Erzen, K. Fichtner, N. Fitch, L.J. Fleming, E. Formaggio, S.J. Fowler, U. Frey, M. Gahlemann, T. Geiser, V. Goss, Y. Guo, S. Hashimoto, J. Haughney, G. Hedlin, P.W. Hekking, T. Higenbottam, J.M. Hohlfeld, C. Holweg, I. Horváth, A.J. James, R. Knowles, A.J. Knox, N. Krug, D. Lefaudeux, M.J. Loza, A. Manta, J.G. Matthews, A. Mazein, A. Meiser, R.J.M. Middelveld, M. Miralpeix, P. Montuschi, N. Mores, C.S. Murray, J. Musial, D. Myles, L. Pahus, I. Pandis, S. Pavlidis, A. Postle, P. Powel, G. Praticò, N. Rao, J. Riley, A. Roberts, G. Roberts, A. Rowe, T. Sandström, J.P.R. Schofield, W. Seibold, A. Selby, D.E. Shaw, R. Sigmund, F. Singer, P.J. Skipp, A.R. Sousa, P.J. Sterk, K. Sun, B. Thornton, W.M. van Aalderen, M. van Geest, J. Vestbo, N.H. Vissing, A.H. Wagener, S.S. Wagers, Z. Weiszhart, C.E. Wheelock, S.J. Wilson, Publica, HUS Children and Adolescents, Commission of the European Communities, Pulmonology, AII - Inflammatory diseases, and Paediatric Pulmonology
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Male ,0301 basic medicine ,MMP3 ,Allergy ,MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES ,Respiratory Medicine and Allergy ,Eepithelial integrity ,airway inflammation ,Systemic inflammation ,DISEASE ,Cohort Studies ,transcriptomics ,0302 clinical medicine ,Receptors ,Immunology and Allergy ,Lung ,Macrophage inflammatory protein ,Cells, Cultured ,Lungmedicin och allergi ,remodeling ,Toll-like receptor ,Cultured ,CHITINASE-LIKE PROTEIN ,3. Good health ,Phenotype ,TARGET ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,1107 Immunology ,Airway Remodeling ,eosinophils ,medicine.symptom ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,hierarchical clustering ,Signal Transduction ,Adult ,Settore BIO/14 - FARMACOLOGIA ,Immunology ,lung epithelium ,03 medical and health sciences ,HYPERRESPONSIVENESS ,Respiratory Hypersensitivity ,medicine ,Humans ,Hierarchical Clustering ,Inflammation ,Science & Technology ,Innate immune system ,exacerbation frequency ,Interleukin-6 ,business.industry ,Sputum ,Epithelial Cells ,Gene signature ,Receptors, Interleukin-6 ,DYSFUNCTION ,Asthma ,respiratory tract diseases ,Eosinophils ,Unbiased Biomarkers in Prediction of Respiratory Disease Outcomes study group ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,SEVERITY ,030104 developmental biology ,Gene Expression Regulation ,030228 respiratory system ,INTERLEUKIN-6 RECEPTOR ,BARRIER FUNCTION ,3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine ,CELLS ,epithelial integrity ,IL-6 signaling ,Exacerbation frequency ,Transcriptome ,business ,Biomarkers - Abstract
BackgroundAlthough several studies link high levels of IL-6 and soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) to asthma severity and decreased lung function, the role of IL-6 trans-signaling (IL-6TS) in asthmatic patients is unclear.ObjectiveWe sought to explore the association between epithelial IL-6TS pathway activation and molecular and clinical phenotypes in asthmatic patients.MethodsAn IL-6TS gene signature obtained from air-liquid interface cultures of human bronchial epithelial cells stimulated with IL-6 and sIL-6R was used to stratify lung epithelial transcriptomic data (Unbiased Biomarkers in Prediction of Respiratory Disease Outcomes [U-BIOPRED] cohorts) by means of hierarchical clustering. IL-6TS–specific protein markers were used to stratify sputum biomarker data (Wessex cohort). Molecular phenotyping was based on transcriptional profiling of epithelial brushings, pathway analysis, and immunohistochemical analysis of bronchial biopsy specimens.ResultsActivation of IL-6TS in air-liquid interface cultures reduced epithelial integrity and induced a specific gene signature enriched in genes associated with airway remodeling. The IL-6TS signature identified a subset of patients with IL-6TS–high asthma with increased epithelial expression of IL-6TS–inducible genes in the absence of systemic inflammation. The IL-6TS–high subset had an overrepresentation of frequent exacerbators, blood eosinophilia, and submucosal infiltration of T cells and macrophages. In bronchial brushings Toll-like receptor pathway genes were upregulated, whereas expression of cell junction genes was reduced. Sputum sIL-6R and IL-6 levels correlated with sputum markers of remodeling and innate immune activation, in particular YKL-40, matrix metalloproteinase 3, macrophage inflammatory protein 1β, IL-8, and IL-1β.ConclusionsLocal lung epithelial IL-6TS activation in the absence of type 2 airway inflammation defines a novel subset of asthmatic patients and might drive airway inflammation and epithelial dysfunction in these patients.
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- 2019
14. IL-17-high asthma with features of a psoriasis immunophenotype
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Jörgen Östling, Marleen van Geest, James P.R. Schofield, Zala Jevnikar, Susan Wilson, Jonathan Ward, Rene Lutter, Dominick E. Shaw, Per S. Bakke, Massimo Caruso, Sven-Erik Dahlen, Stephen J. Fowler, Ildikó Horváth, Norbert Krug, Paolo Montuschi, Marek Sanak, Thomas Sandström, Kai Sun, Ioannis Pandis, Charles Auffray, Ana R. Sousa, Yike Guo, Ian M. Adcock, Peter Howarth, Kian Fan Chung, Jeanette Bigler, Peter J. Sterk, Paul J. Skipp, Ratko Djukanović, Outi Vaarala, I.M. Adcock, H. Ahmed, C. Auffray, P. Bakke, A.T. Bansal, F. Baribaud, S. Bates, E.H. Bel, J. Bigler, H. Bisgaard, M.J. Boedigheimer, K. Bønnelykke, J. Brandsma, P. Brinkman, E. Bucchioni, D. Burg, A. Bush, M. Caruso, A. Chaiboonchoe, P. Chanez, K.F. Chung, C.H. Compton, J. Corfield, A. D'Amico, S.E. Dahlen, B. De Meulder, R. Djukanovic, V.J. Erpenbeck, D. Erzen, K. Fichtner, N. Fitch, L.J. Fleming, E. Formaggio, S.J. Fowler, U. Frey, M. Gahlemann, T. Geiser, Y. Guo, S. Hashimoto, J. Haughney, G. Hedlin, P.W. Hekking, T. Higenbottam, J.M. Hohlfeld, C. Holweg, I. Horváth, P. Howarth, A.J. James, R. Knowles, A.J. Knox, N. Krug, D. Lefaudeux, M.J. Loza, R. Lutter, A. Manta, S. Masefield, A. Mazein, A. Meiser, R.J.M. Middelveld, M. Miralpeix, P. Montuschi, N. Mores, C.S. Murray, J. Musial, D. Myles, L. Pahus, I. Pandis, S. Pavlidis, P. Powell, G. Praticò, M. Puig N. Rao, J. Riley, A. Roberts, G. Roberts, A. Rowe, T. Sandström, W. Seibold, A. Selby, D.E. Shaw, R. Sigmund, F. Singer, P.J. Skipp, A.R. Sousa, P.J. Sterk, K. Sun, B. Thornton, W.M. van Aalderen, M. van Geest, J. Vestbo, N.H. Vissing, A.H. Wagener, S.S. Wagers, Z. Weiszhart, C.E. Wheelock, S.J. Wilson, Antonios Aliprantis, David Allen, Kjell Alving, P. Badorrek, David Balgoma, S. Ballereau, Clair Barber, Manohara Kanangana Batuwitage, A. Bautmans, A. Bedding, A.F. Behndig, Jorge Beleta, A. Berglind, A. Berton, Grazyna Bochenek, Armin Braun, D. Campagna, Leon Carayannopoulos, C. Casaulta, Romanas Chaleckis, B. Dahlén, imothy Davison, Jorge De Alba, Inge De Lepeleire, Tamara Dekker, Ingrid Delin, P. Dennison, Annemiek Dijkhuis, Paul Dodson, Aleksandra Draper, K. Dyson, Jessica Edwards, L. El Hadjam, Rosalia Emma, Magnus Ericsson, C. Faulenbach, Breda Flood, G. Galffy, Hector Gallart, D. Garissi, J. Gent, M. Gerhardsson de Verdier, D. Gibeon, Cristina Gomez, Kerry Gove, Neil Gozzard, E. Guillmant-Farry, E. Henriksson, Lorraine Hewitt, U. Hoda, Richard Hu, Sile Hu, X. Hu, E. Jeyasingham, K. Johnson, N. Jullian, Juliette Kamphuis, Erika J. Kennington, Dyson Kerry, G. Kerry, M. Klüglich, Hugo Knobel, Johan Kolmert, J.R. Konradsen, Maxim Kots, Kosmas Kretsos, L. Krueger, Scott Kuo, Maciej Kupczyk, Bart Lambrecht, A.-S. Lantz, Christopher Larminie, L.X. Larsson, P. Latzin, N. Lazarinis, N. Lemonnier, Saeeda Lone-Latif, L.A. Lowe, Alexander Manta, Lisa Marouzet, Jane Martin, Caroline Mathon, L. McEvoy, Sally Meah, A. Menzies-Gow, Leanne Metcalf, Maria Mikus, Philip Monk, Shama Naz, K. Nething, Ben Nicholas, U. Nihlén, Peter Nilsson, R. Niven, B. Nordlund, S. Nsubuga, Antonio Pacino, Susanna Palkonen, J. Pellet, Giorgio Pennazza, Anne Petrén, Sandy Pink, C. Pison, Anthony Postle, Malayka Rahman-Amin, Lara Ravanetti, Emma Ray, Stacey Reinke, Leanne Reynolds, K. Riemann, Martine Robberechts, J.P. Rocha, C. Rossios, Kirsty Russell, Michael Rutgers, G. Santini, Marco Santoninco, M. Saqi, Corinna Schoelch, S. Scott, N. Sehgal, Marcus Sjödin, Barbara Smids, Caroline Smith, Jessica Smith, Katherine M. Smith, P. Söderman, A. Sogbessan, F. Spycher, Doroteya Staykova, S. Stephan, J. Stokholm, K. Strandberg, M. Sunther, M. Szentkereszty, L. Tamasi, K. Tariq, John-Olof Thörngren, Jonathan Thorsen, S. Valente, Marianne van de Pol, C.M. van Drunen, Jonathan Van Eyll, Jenny Versnel, Anton Vink, C. von Garnier, A. Vyas, Frans Wald, Samantha Walker, Kristiane Wetzel, Coen Wiegman, Siân Williams, Xian Yang, Elizabeth Yeyasingham, W. Yu Amgen, W. Zetterquist, Z. Zolkipli, A.H. Zwinderman, Publica, Pediatric surgery, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D), Pulmonology, AII - Inflammatory diseases, Experimental Immunology, Ear, Nose and Throat, Epidemiology and Data Science, APH - Methodology, and Commission of the European Communities
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0301 basic medicine ,Male ,URINARY-EXCRETION ,Allergy ,Neutrophils ,Inflammatory bowel disease ,Cohort Studies ,DOUBLE-BLIND ,0302 clinical medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,POPULATION ,Interleukin-13 ,Interleukin-17 ,psoriasis ,BRODALUMAB ,Up-Regulation ,IL-17 ,Phenotype ,1107 Immunology ,Biomarker (medicine) ,Female ,Interleukin 17 ,medicine.symptom ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,ENDOTYPES ,Signal Transduction ,EXPRESSION ,Adult ,Settore BIO/14 - FARMACOLOGIA ,Immunology ,PHENOTYPES ,Bronchi ,03 medical and health sciences ,INFLAMMATION ,Psoriasis ,medicine ,Humans ,Interleukin 8 ,Asthma ,U-BIOPRED Study Group ,Science & Technology ,business.industry ,Gene Expression Profiling ,biomarkers ,Epithelial Cells ,asthma ,bronchial brushings ,medicine.disease ,bronchial biopsies ,Neutrophilia ,030104 developmental biology ,030228 respiratory system ,EXACERBATION ,CELLS ,Sputum ,business ,Transcriptome ,Biomarkers - Abstract
Background The role of IL-17 immunity is well established in patients with inflammatory diseases, such as psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease, but not in asthmatic patients, in whom further study is required. Objective We sought to undertake a deep phenotyping study of asthmatic patients with upregulated IL-17 immunity. Methods Whole-genome transcriptomic analysis was performed by using epithelial brushings, bronchial biopsy specimens (91 asthmatic patients and 46 healthy control subjects), and whole blood samples (n = 498) from the Unbiased Biomarkers for the Prediction of Respiratory Disease Outcomes (U-BIOPRED) cohort. Gene signatures induced in vitro by IL-17 and IL-13 in bronchial epithelial cells were used to identify patients with IL-17–high and IL-13–high asthma phenotypes. Results Twenty-two of 91 patients were identified with IL-17, and 9 patients were identified with IL-13 gene signatures. The patients with IL-17–high asthma were characterized by risk of frequent exacerbations, airway (sputum and mucosal) neutrophilia, decreased lung microbiota diversity, and urinary biomarker evidence of activation of the thromboxane B2 pathway. In pathway analysis the differentially expressed genes in patients with IL-17-high asthma were shared with those reported as altered in psoriasis lesions and included genes regulating epithelial barrier function and defense mechanisms, such as IL1B, IL6, IL8, and β-defensin. Conclusion The IL-17–high asthma phenotype, characterized by bronchial epithelial dysfunction and upregulated antimicrobial and inflammatory response, resembles the immunophenotype of psoriasis, including activation of the thromboxane B2 pathway, which should be considered a biomarker for this phenotype in further studies, including clinical trials targeting IL-17.
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- 2019
15. Pathway discovery using transcriptomic profiles in adult-onset severe asthma
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Pieter-Paul Hekking, Matt J. Loza, Stelios Pavlidis, Bertrand de Meulder, Diane Lefaudeux, Fred Baribaud, Charles Auffray, Ariane H. Wagener, Paul Brinkman, Rene Lutter, Aruna T. Bansal, Ana R. Sousa, Steve A. Bates, Yannis Pandis, Louise J. Fleming, Dominique E. Shaw, Stephen J. Fowler, Y. Guo, Andrea Meiser, Kai Sun, Julie Corfield, Peter H. Howarth, Elisabeth H. Bel, Ian M. Adcock, Kian Fan Chung, Ratko Djukanovic, Peter J. Sterk, I.M. Adcock, H. Ahmed, C. Auffray, P. Bakke, A.T. Bansal, F. Baribaud, S. Bates, E.H. Bel, J. Bigler, H. Bisgaard, M.J. Boedigheimer, K. Bønnelykke, J. Brandsma, P. Brinkman, E. Bucchioni, D. Burg, A. Bush, M. Caruso, A. Chaiboonchoe, P. Chanez, F.K. Chung, C.H. Compton, J. Corfield, A. D'Amico, S.E. Dahlen, B. De Meulder, R. Djukanovic, V.J. Erpenbeck, D. Erzen, K. Fichtner, N. Fitch, L.J. Fleming, E. Formaggio, S.J. Fowler, U. Frey, M. Gahlemann, T. Geiser, S. Hashimoto, J. Haughney, G. Hedlin, P.W. Hekking, T. Higenbottam, J.M. Hohlfeld, C. Holweg, I. Horváth, P. Howarth, A.J. James, R. Knowles, N. Krug, D. Lefaudeux, M.J. Loza, R. Lutter, A. Manta, S. Masefield, J.G. Matthews, A. Mazein, A. Meiser, R.J.M. Middelveld, M. Miralpeix, N. Mores, C.S. Murray, J. Musial, D. Myles, L. Pahus, I. Pandis, S. Pavlidis, P. Powel, G. Praticò, M Puig Valls, N. Rao, J. Riley, A. Roberts, G. Roberts, A. Rowe, T. Sandström, W. Seibold, A. Selby, D.E. Shaw, R. Sigmund, F. Singer, P.J. Skipp, A.R. Sousa, P.J. Sterk, K. Sun, B. Thornton, W.M. van Aalderen, M. van Geest, J. Vestbo, N.H. Vissing, A.H. Wagener, S.S. Wagers, Z. Weiszhart, C.E. Wheelock, S.J. Wilson, Publica, Pulmonology, AII - Inflammatory diseases, Graduate School, AII - Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Medical Research Council (MRC), and Pediatric surgery
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0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Allergy ,Severe asthma ,ILC3 ,mast cells ,Disease ,Eosinophil ,Severity of Illness Index ,transcriptomics ,0302 clinical medicine ,Eosinophilic ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,Age of Onset ,Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ,mechanisms ,Innate lymphoid cell ,Adult-onset asthma ,eosinophils ,gene set variation analysis ,phenotyping ,severe asthma ,Middle Aged ,Phenotype ,Asthma Control Questionnaire ,1107 Immunology ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Adult ,Genetic Markers ,Immunology ,mechanism ,macromolecular substances ,Lung injury ,03 medical and health sciences ,Humans ,adult-onset asthma ,Asthma ,U-BIOPRED Study Group ,business.industry ,Gene Expression Profiling ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,030104 developmental biology ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,030228 respiratory system ,Sputum ,business ,Transcriptome ,mast cell - Abstract
Background: Adult-onset severe asthma is characterized by highly symptomatic disease despite high-intensity asthma treatments. Understanding of the underlying pathways of this heterogeneous disease is needed for the development of targeted treatments. Gene set variation analysis is a statistical technique used to identify gene profiles in heterogeneous samples. Objective: We sought to identify gene profiles associated with adult-onset severe asthma. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, observational study in which adult patients with adult-onset of asthma (defined as starting at age ≥18 years) as compared with childhood-onset severe asthma (
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- 2018
16. Preoperative risk factors for conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy: a validated risk score derived from a prospective U.K. database of 8820 patients
- Author
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Robert P. Sutcliffe, Marianne Hollyman, James Hodson, Glenn Bonney, Ravi S. Vohra, Ewen A. Griffiths, Stephen Fenwick, Mohamed Elmasry, Quentin Nunes, David Kennedy, Raja B. Khan, Muhammad A.S. Khan, Conor J. Magee, Steven M. Jones, Denise Mason, Ciny P. Parappally, Pawan Mathur, Michael Saunders, Sara Jamel, Samer U.l. Haque, Sara Zafar, Muhammad H. Shiwani, Nehemiah Samuel, Farooq Dar, Andrew Jackson, Bryony Lovett, Shiva Dindyal, Hannah Winter, Saquib Rahman, Kevin Wheatley, Tom Nieto, Soofiyah Ayaani, Haney Youssef, Rajwinder S. Nijjar, Helen Watkin, David Naumann, Sophie Emeshi, Piyush B. Sarmah, Kathryn Lee, Nikita Joji, Jonathan Heath, Rebecca L. Teasdale, Chamindri Weerasinghe, Paul J. Needham, Hannah Welbourn, Luke Forster, David Finch, Jane M. Blazeby, William Robb, Angus G.K. McNair, Alex Hrycaiczuk, Alexandros Charalabopoulos, Sritharan Kadirkamanathan, Cheuk-Bong Tang, Naga V.G. Jayanthi, Nigel Noor, Brian Dobbins, Andrew J. Cockbain, April Nilsen-Nunn, Jonathan de Siqueira, Mike Pellen, Jonathan B. Cowley, Wei-Min Ho, Victor Miu, Timothy J. White, Kathryn A. Hodgkins, Alison Kinghorn, Matthew G. Tutton, Yahya A. Al-Abed, Donald Menzies, Anwar Ahmad, Joanna Reed, Shabuddin Khan, David Monk, Louis J. Vitone, Ghulam Murtaza, Abraham Joel, Stephen Brennan, David Shier, Catherine Zhang, Thusidaran Yoganathan, Steven J. Robinson, Iain J.D. McCallum, Michael J. Jones, Mohammed Elsayed, Liz Tuck, John Wayman, Kate Carney, Somaiah Aroori, Kenneth B. Hosie, Adam Kimble, David M. Bunting, Adeshina S. Fawole, Mohammed Basheer, Rajiv V. Dave, Janahan Sarveswaran, Elinor Jones, Chris Kendal, Michael P. Tilston, Martin Gough, Tom Wallace, Shailendra Singh, Justine Downing, Katherine A. Mockford, Eyad Issa, Nayab Shah, Neal Chauhan, Timothy R. Wilson, Amir Forouzanfar, Jonathan R.L. Wild, Emma Nofal, Catherine Bunnell, Khaliel Madbak, Sudhindra T.V. Rao, Laurence Devoto, Najaf Siddiqi, Zechan Khawaja, James C. Hewes, Laura Gould, Alice Chambers, Daniel U. Rodriguez, Gourab Sen, Stuart Robinson, Francis Bartlett, David M. Rae, Thomas E.J. Stevenson, Kas Sarvananthan, Simon J. Dwerryhouse, Simon M. Higgs, Oliver J. Old, Thomas J. Hardy, Reena Shah, Steve T. Hornby, Ken Keogh, Lucinda Frank, Musallam Al-Akash, Emma A. Upchurch, Richard J. Frame, Michael Hughes, Clare Jelley, Simon Weaver, Sudipta Roy, Toritseju O. Sillo, Giorgios Galanopoulos, Tamzin Cuming, Pedro Cunha, Salim Tayeh, Sarantos Kaptanis, Mohamed Heshaishi, Abdalla Eisawi, Michael Abayomi, Wee S. Ngu, Katie Fleming, Dalvir S. Bajwa, Vivek Chitre, Kamal Aryal, Paul Ferris, Michael Silva, Simon Lammy, Sarah Mohamed, Amir Khawaja, Adnan Hussain, Mudassar A. Ghazanfar, Maria I. Bellini, Hamdi Ebdewi, Mohamed Elshaer, Gianpiero Gravante, Benjamin Drake, Arikoge Ogedegbe, Dipankar Mukherjee, Chanpreet Arhi, Lola Giwa, Nusrat Iqbal, Nicholas F. Watson, Smeer K. Aggarwal, Philippa Orchard, Eduardo Villatoro, Peter D. Willson, Kam W.J. Mok, Thomas Woodman, Jean Deguara, Giuseppe Garcea, Benoy I. Babu, Alistair R. Dennison, Deep Malde, David Lloyd, John P. Slavin, Robert P. Jones, Laura Ballance, Stratos Gerakopoulos, Periyathambi Jambulingam, Sami Mansour, Naomi Sakai, Vikas Acharya, Mohammed M. Sadat, Lawen Karim, David Larkin, Khalid Amin, Amarah Khan, Jennifer Law, Saurabh Jamdar, Stella R. Smith, Keerthika Sampat, Kathryn M. O'shea, Mangta Manu, Fotini M. Asprou, Nabeela S. Malik, Jessica Chang, Marianne Johnstone, Michael Lewis, Geoffrey P. Roberts, Babu Karavadra, Evangelos Photi, James Hewes, Dan Rodriguez, Derek A. O'Reilly, Anthony J. Rate, Hema Sekhar, Lucy T. Henderson, Benjamin Z. Starmer, Peter O. Coe, Sotonye Tolofari, Jenifer Barrie, Gareth Bashir, Jake Sloane, Suroosh Madanipour, Constantine Halkias, Alexander E.J. Trevatt, David W. Borowski, Jane Hornsby, Michael J. Courtney, Suvi Virupaksha, Keith Seymour, Sarah Robinson, Helen Hawkins, Sadiq Bawa, Paul V. Gallagher, Alistair Reid, Peter Wood, Jonathan G. Finch, J.Guy Finch, Jitesh Parmar, Euan Stirland, James Gardner-Thorpe, Ahmed Al-Muhktar, Mark Peterson, Ali Majeed, Farrukh M. Bajwa, Jack Martin, Alfred Choy, Andrew Tsang, Naresh Pore, David R. Andrew, Waleed Al-Khyatt, Christopher Taylor Santosh Bhandari, Adam Chambers, Dhivya Subramanium, Simon K.C. Toh, Nicholas C. Carter, Stuart J. Mercer, Benjamin Knight, Vardhini Vijay, Swethan Alagaratnam, Sidhartha Sinha, Shahab Khan, Shamsi S. El-Hasani, Abdulzahra A. Hussain, Vish Bhattacharya, Nisheeth Kansal, Tani Fasih, Claire Jackson, Midhat N. Siddiqui, Imran A. Chishti, Imogen J. Fordham, Zohaib Siddiqui, Harald Bausbacher, Ileana Geogloma, Kabita Gurung, George Tsavellas, Pradeep Basynat, Ashish K. Shrestha, Sanjoy Basu, Alok Chhabra, Mohan Harilingam, Mohamed Rabie, Mansoor Akhtar, Pradeep Kumar, Sadaf F. Jafferbhoy, Najam Hussain, Soulat Raza, Manzarul Haque, Imran Alam, Rabiya Aseem, Shakira Patel, Mehek Asad, Michael I. Booth, William R. Ball, Christopher P.J. Wood, Ana C. Pinho-Gomes, Ambareen Kausar, Mohammed Obeidallah, Joseph Varghase, Joshil Lodhia, Donal Bradley, Carla Rengifo, David Lindsay, Sivakumar Gopalswamy, Ian Finlay, Stacy Wardle, Naomi Bullen, Syed Y. Iftikhar, Altaf Awan, Javed Ahmed, Paul Leeder, Guiseppe Fusai, Giles Bond-Smith, Alicja Psica, Yogesh Puri, David Hou, Fergus Noble, Karoly Szentpali, Jack Broadhurst, Ravindra Date, Martin R. Hossack, Yan L. Goh, Paul Turner, Vinutha Shetty, Manel Riera, Christina A.W. Macano, Anisha Sukha, Shaun R. Preston, Jennifer R. Hoban, Daniel J. Puntis, Sophie V. Williams, Richard Krysztopik, James Kynaston, Jeremy Batt, Matthew Doe, Andrzej Goscimski, Gareth H. Jones, Claire Hall, Nick Carty, Jamil Ahmed, Sofoklis Panteleimonitis, Rohan T. Gunasekera, Andrea R.G. Sheel, Hannah Lennon, Caroline Hindley, Marcus Reddy, Ross Kenny, Natalie Elkheir, Emma R. McGlone, Rajasundaram Rajaganeshan, Kate Hancorn, Anita Hargreaves, Raj Prasad, David A. Longbotham, Dhakshinamoorthy Vijayanand, Imeshi Wijetunga, Paul Ziprin, Christopher R. Nicolay, Geoffrey Yeldham, Edward Read, James A. Gossage, Rachel C. Rolph, Husam Ebied, Manraj Phull, Mohammad A. Khan, Matthew Popplewell, Dimitrios Kyriakidis, Anwar Hussain, Natasha Henley, Jessica R. Packer, Laura Derbyshire, Jonathan Porter, Shaun Appleton, Marwan Farouk, Melvinder Basra, Neil A. Jennings, Shahda Ali, Venkatesh Kanakala, Haythem Ali, Risha Lane, Richard Dickson-Lowe, Prizzi Zarsadias, Darius Mirza, Sonia Puig, Khalid Al Amari, Deepak Vijayan, Robert Sutcliffe, Ravi Marudanayagam, Zayed Hamady, Abheesh R. Prasad, Abhilasha Patel, Damien Durkin, Parminder Kaur, Laura Bowen, James P. Byrne, Katherine L. Pearson, Theo G. Delisle, James Davies, Mark A. Tomlinson, Michelle A. Johnpulle, Corinna Slawinski, Andrew Macdonald, James Nicholson, Katy Newton, James Mbuvi, Ansar Farooq, Bhavani S. Mothe, Zakhi Zafrani, Daniel Brett, James Francombe, Philip Spreadborough, James Barnes, Melanie Cheung, Ahmed Z. Al-Bahrani, Giuseppe Preziosi, Tomas Urbonas, Justin Alberts, Mekhlola Mallik, Krashna Patel, Ashvina Segaran, Triantafyllos Doulias, Pratik A. Sufi, Caroline Yao, Sarah Pollock, Antonio Manzelli, Saj Wajed, Michail Kourkulos, Roberto Pezzuto, Martin Wadley, Emma Hamilton, Shameen Jaunoo, Robert Padwick, Mazin Sayegh, Richard C. Newton, Madhusoodhana Hebbar, Sameh F. Farag, Madhu Hebbar, John Spearman, Mohammed F. Hamdan, Conrad D'Costa, Christine Blane, Mathew Giles, Mark B. Peter, Natalie A. Hirst, Tanvir Hossain, Arslan Pannu, Yesar El-Dhuwaib, Tamsin E.M. Morrison, Greg W. Taylor, Ronald L.E. Thompson, Ken McCune, Paula Loughlin, Roger Lawther, Colman K. Byrnes, Duncan J. Simpson, Abi Mawhinney, Conor Warren, Damian McKay, Colin McIlmunn, Serena Martin, Matthew MacArtney, Tom Diamond, Phil Davey, Claire Jones, Joshua M. Clements, Ruairi Digney, Wei M. Chan, Stephen McCain, Sadaf Gull, Adam Janeczko, Emmet Dorrian, Andrew Harris, Suzanne Dawson, Dorothy Johnston, Barry McAree, Essam Ghareeb, George Thomas, Martin Connelly, Stephen McKenzie, Krzysztos Cieplucha, Gary Spence, William Campbell, Gareth Hooks, Neil Bradley, Arnold D.K. Hill, John T. Cassidy, Michael Boland, Paul Burke, Deirdre M. Nally, Elmoataz Khogali, Wael Shabo, Edrin Iskandar, Gerry P. McEntee, Maeve A. O'Neill, Colin Peirce, Emma M. Lyons, Adrian W. O'Sullivan, Rohan Thakkar, Paul Carroll, Ivan Ivanovski, Paul Balfe, Matthew Lee, Des C. Winter, Michael E. Kelly, Emir Hoti, Donal Maguire, Priyadarssini Karunakaran, Justin G. Geoghegan, Sean T. Martin, Keith S. Cross, Fiachra Cooke, Saquib Zeeshan, James O. Murphy, Ken Mealy, Helen M. Mohan, Yuwaraja Nedujchelyn, Muhammad F. Ullah, Irfan Ahmed, Francesco Giovinazzo, James Milburn, Sarah Prince, Eleanor Brooke, Joanna Buchan, Ahmed M. Khalil, Elizabeth M. Vaughan, Michael I. Ramage, Roland C. Aldridge, Simon Gibson, Gary A. Nicholson, David G. Vass, Alan J. Grant, David J. Holroyd, Angharad Jones, Cherith M.L.R. Sutton, Patrick O'Dwyer, Frida Nilsson, Beatrix Weber, Tracey K. Williamson, Kushik Lalla, Alice Bryant, Ross Carter, Craig R. Forrest, David I. Hunter, Ahmad H. Nassar, Mavis N. Orizu, Katrina Knight, Haitham Qandeel, Stuart Suttie, Rowena Belding, Andrew McClarey, Alan T. Boyd, Graeme J.K. Guthrie, Pei J. Lim, Andreas Luhmann, Angus J.M. Watson, Colin H. Richards, Laura Nicol, Marta Madurska, Ewen Harrison, Kathryn M. Boyce, Amanda Roebuck, Graeme Ferguson, Pradeep Pati, Michael S.J. Wilson, Faith Dalgaty, Laura Fothergill, Peter J. Driscoll, Kirsty L. Mozolowski, Victoria Banwell, Stephen P. Bennett, Paul N. Rogers, Brendan L. Skelly, Claire L. Rutherford, Ahmed K. Mirza, Taha Lazim, Henry C.C. Lim, Diana Duke, Talat Ahmed, William D. Beasley, Marc D. Wilkinson, Geta Maharaj, Cathy Malcolm, Timothy H. Brown, Guy M. Shingler, Nicholas Mowbray, Rami Radwan, Paul Morcous, Simon Wood, Abbas Kadhim, Duncan J. Stewart, Andrew L. Baker, Nicola Tanner, and Hrishikesh Shenoy
- Subjects
Male ,Databases, Factual ,medicine.medical_treatment ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Odds Ratio ,Prospective Studies ,Prospective cohort study ,Framingham Risk Score ,Gastroenterology ,Age Factors ,Gallbladder ,Middle Aged ,Conversion to Open Surgery ,Treatment Outcome ,Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Predictive value of tests ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Female ,Original Article ,Risk assessment ,Dilatation, Pathologic ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Digestive System Diseases ,MEDLINE ,Risk Assessment ,03 medical and health sciences ,Sex Factors ,Predictive Value of Tests ,medicine ,Humans ,Aged ,Common Bile Duct ,Chi-Square Distribution ,Hepatology ,Laparoscopyc cholecystectomy ,business.industry ,General surgery ,Reproducibility of Results ,Odds ratio ,United Kingdom ,Surgery ,preoperative assessment ,Logistic Models ,Multivariate Analysis ,Cholecystectomy ,business ,Chi-squared distribution ,risk factors - Abstract
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is commonly performed, and several factors increase the risk of open conversion, prolonging operating time and hospital stay. Preoperative stratification would improve consent, scheduling and identify appropriate training cases. The aim of this study was to develop a validated risk score for conversion for use in clinical practice.Preoperative patient and disease-related variables were identified from a prospective cholecystectomy database (CholeS) of 8820 patients, divided into main and validation sets. Preoperative predictors of conversion were identified by multivariable binary logistic regression. A risk score was developed and validated using a forward stepwise approach.Some 297 procedures (3.4%) were converted. The risk score was derived from six significant predictors: age (p = 0.005), sex (p 0.001), indication for surgery (p 0.001), ASA (p 0.001), thick-walled gallbladder (p = 0.040) and CBD diameter (p = 0.004). Testing the score on the validation set yielded an AUROC = 0.766 (p 0.001), and a score6 identified patients at high risk of conversion (7.1% vs. 1.2%).This validated risk score allows preoperative identification of patients at six-fold increased risk of conversion to open cholecystectomy.
- Published
- 2016
17. The effect of composition on the emission spectra of Tm 3+ -doped tellurite glasses for an S-band amplifier operating at 1.46 μm
- Author
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Animesh Jha, E. Zhang, S.J. Wilson, and Shaoxiong Shen
- Subjects
Tellurite glass ,Chemistry ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Amplifier ,Inorganic chemistry ,Doping ,Analytical chemistry ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Wavelength ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,S band ,Emission spectrum - Abstract
Emission spectrum of Tm3+ doped tellurite glasses for the 3H4–3F4 transition at 1.46 μm has been measured at room temperature and at 5 K. The glass compositions have a major influence on the spectral change, especially in the longer wavelength part of the emission. The effect of different Tm3+ concentrations on the upper and lower level lifetimes and on the emission spectrum has also been reported for designing a broadband multi-channel S-band TDFA.
- Published
- 2003
18. Compositional effects and spectroscopy of rare earths (Er3+, Tm3+, and Nd3+) in tellurite glasses
- Author
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S.J. Wilson, Edward Zhang, Animesh Jha, and Shaoxiong Shen
- Subjects
Optical amplifier ,Photoluminescence ,Absorption spectroscopy ,business.industry ,General Chemical Engineering ,Doping ,Analytical chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,General Chemistry ,Optics ,Thulium ,chemistry ,Emission spectrum ,Tellurium oxide ,business ,Spectroscopy - Abstract
Tellurium oxide glass hosts have exceptionally large solubility for RE-ions. In this paper, the relationship between the host glass composition and spectroscopic properties of Er 3+ -doped and Tm 3+ -doped tellurite glasses and fibres has been examined in detail. In particular, the effect of compositional modification on the line-shapes of the transitions: 4 I 13/2 → 4 I 15/2 in Er 3+ -doped and 3 H 4 → 3 F 4 in Tm 3+ -doped tellurite glasses is analysed and discussed. The presence of co-dopants, namely Tb 3+ and Ho 3+ ions in Tm 3+ -doped glasses on the lifetimes of the upper ( 3 H 4 ) and the lower ( 3 F 4 ) levels have also been discussed for shortening the lifetime of the transition between the 3 F 4 level and the ground state in thulium. The spectroscopic properties of Nd 3+ -doped glasses for designing amplifiers operating in the 1330- to 1370-nm region has also been explained for demonstrating a continuous gain spectrum from 1310- to 1610-nm. The fibre loss measurements demonstrate that the Er-doped fibres have less than 880 dB km –1 attenuation in the 1200- to 1400-nm range. An explanation is given to determine the suitability of such RE-doped tellurite fibres for designing broadband amplifiers.
- Published
- 2002
19. [Untitled]
- Author
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S.J. Wilson and R.J. Clark
- Subjects
Ecophysiology ,biology ,fungi ,Myrtaceae ,food and beverages ,Sowing ,Forestry ,biology.organism_classification ,Transplantation ,Horticulture ,Botany ,Transplanting ,Eucalyptus nitens ,Desiccation ,Transpiration - Abstract
Bare-root seedlings of Eucalyptus nitens frequently exhibit water stress after planting resulting in leaf lamina damage and reduced leaf area. Two trials examined effects of root exposure and desiccation between lifting and transplanting on post-planting water relations, leaf retention and root growth. Plants with roots exposed on a glasshouse bench initially lost water rapidly. In one trial ψ1 declined to around −2.0 MPa within 2.5 h, after which there was no further change with exposure up to 7.5 h. In the second trial, the initial decline in ψ1 was more rapid, reaching below −2.0 MPa in the first hour, before remaining stable with continuing exposure up to 4.5 h. A further decline then continued to −4.0 MPa after 7.5 h.
- Published
- 2000
20. Effects of Controlled Heat Stress on Ovarian Function of Dairy Cattle. 2. Heifers
- Author
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A.T. Koenigsfeld, Matthew C. Lucy, Crystal J. Kirby, Duane H. Keisler, and S.J. Wilson
- Subjects
endocrine system ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Hot Temperature ,animal structures ,animal diseases ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Luteolysis ,Luteal phase ,Biology ,Blood serum ,Animal science ,Estrus ,Ovarian Follicle ,Corpus Luteum ,Internal medicine ,Follicular phase ,Genetics ,medicine ,Animals ,Ovarian follicle ,Ovulation ,Progesterone ,Ultrasonography ,media_common ,Estrous cycle ,Estradiol ,Respiration ,Ovary ,Humidity ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,Cattle ,Female ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Estrus Synchronization ,Corpus luteum ,Food Science - Abstract
The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of controlled heat stress on ovarian function of dairy heifers. Estrus was synchronized in Holstein heifers (estrus = d 0), and heifers then were randomly assigned to either heat stress (n = 10; 33 degrees C, 60% relative humidity) or thermoneutral (n = 11; 21 degrees C, 60% relative humidity) treatment. For heat-stressed heifers, ambient temperature was increased from thermoneutrality to heat stress (33 degrees C) between d 9 and 14 (2.4 degrees C/d increase) after the synchronized estrus and remained between 31 and 33.5 degrees C until d 22. From d 11 to 21, the growth and regression of ovarian follicles and corpora lutea were measured by using ultrasonography, and blood was collected daily for serum progesterone and estradiol analyses. The second wave dominant follicle was larger for the heifers in the thermoneutral environment than for heat-stressed heifers, and ovulation of the second wave dominant follicle occurred in 9 of 11 thermoneutral heifers. For 6 of 10 heat-stressed heifers, the second wave dominant follicle regressed and was replaced by an ovulatory third wave dominant follicle. Smaller follicular size in heat stressed heifers was associated with decreased serum estradiol concentrations between d 11 and 21. Serum concentrations of progesterone during the luteal phase were similar, but luteolysis was delayed in heat-stressed heifers compared with onset in heifers in the thermoneutral treatment. Conclusions were that heat stress inhibited the growth and function of the dominant follicle so that most of the heat-stressed heifers had three follicular waves and a delay in corpus luteum regression.
- Published
- 1998
21. Effects of Controlled Heat Stress on Ovarian Function of Dairy Cattle. 1. Lactating Cows
- Author
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Donald E. Spiers, J.N. Spain, Matthew C. Lucy, S.J. Wilson, Duane H. Keisler, and R.S. Marion
- Subjects
Hyperthermia ,endocrine system ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Hot Temperature ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Luteolysis ,Biology ,Body Temperature ,Decreased serum estradiol ,Eating ,Animal science ,Estrus ,Ovarian Follicle ,Corpus Luteum ,Internal medicine ,Lactation ,Follicular phase ,Genetics ,medicine ,Animals ,Ovulation ,Progesterone ,Dairy cattle ,media_common ,Estrous cycle ,Estradiol ,Ovary ,food and beverages ,Humidity ,medicine.disease ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cattle ,Female ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Estrus Synchronization ,Food Science - Abstract
The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of controlled heat stress on ovarian function of lactating dairy cows. Estrus was synchronized (estrus = d 0), and cows were randomly assigned to either heat stress (n = 11; 29 degrees C, 60% relative humidity) or thermoneutral (n = 11; 19 degrees C, 60% relative humidity) treatment. For cows undergoing heat stress, ambient temperature (19 degrees C) was increased from d 11 to 13 of the estrous cycle (3.3 degrees C/d increase) and remained at 29 degrees C until d 21. Beginning on d 11, the growth and regression of ovarian follicles and corpora lutea were measured by using ultrasonography. Blood was collected daily by coccygeal venipuncture for measurement of serum concentrations of progesterone and estradiol. The second wave dominant follicle was more likely to ovulate in cows in the thermoneutral treatment than in cows undergoing heat stress (91 vs. 18% ovulation, respectively). Patterns of follicular growth in cows under-going heat stress were associated with decreased serum estradiol from d 11 to 21 and on the day of luteolysis. The average day of luteolysis was delayed by 9 d in heat-stressed cows. Conclusions were that follicular growth and development and luteolytic mechanisms were compromised in heat-stressed cows; as a result, luteolysis was delayed, and second wave dominant follicles did not ovulate.
- Published
- 1998
22. [Untitled]
- Author
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R.J. Clark and S.J. Wilson
- Subjects
biology ,fungi ,Myrtaceae ,Water stress ,food and beverages ,Sowing ,Forestry ,Hydraulic resistance ,biology.organism_classification ,Horticulture ,Shoot ,Botany ,Transplanting ,Eucalyptus nitens ,Transpiration - Abstract
Field symptoms of transplanting shock in Eucalyptus nitens open rooted (1/2 + 1/2) transplants suggest water stress. To identify stages in the development of symptoms, changes in water relations were monitored from undisturbed seedlings growing in a commercial nursery through lifting, transplanting into pots and re-establishment of normal water relations. Hydraulic resistance measured as leaf specific resistivity increased with each step in the transplanting process. Resistivity after lifting was double that measured on undisturbed plants in the nursery and subsequently doubled with each of the two successive stages, root trimming and planting out. Resistivity fell after the initial rise, returning to the values recorded in the nursery in two stages. An initial rapid decrease, which was not accompanied by any measurable root growth, was followed by a seven day period without a change in resistivity before a further gradual decrease as root volume increased with new root growth. All water relations measurements were taken on trees which had not suffered any permanent leaf damage as a result of transplanting. For a small group of trees which did suffer damage there was a significant relationship between root volume at planting and the retained healthy leaf area. Before shoot growth had recommenced the final ratio of turgid leaf area to initial root volume was comparable with plants immediately after lifting and before trimming. The results are discussed in terms of the changes in predawn leaf water potential, leaf water potential and the leaf damage or defoliation symptoms occuring in plantations.
- Published
- 1998
23. Transient heat transfer through an insulation slab with simultaneous moisture redistribution
- Author
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S.J. Wilson and N.E. Wijeysundera
- Subjects
Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes ,Materials science ,Transient heat transfer ,Heat flux ,Moisture ,Mechanical Engineering ,Fiber glass ,Slab ,Thermodynamics ,Redistribution (chemistry) ,Mechanics ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - Abstract
The accuracy of three models for the interpretation of moisture redistribution experiments with fiber glass slabs is investigated. The initial quasi-steady state of the evaporation-condensation process is well predicted by all three models. The quasi-steady model and the numerical model predict much faster changes in the heat flux and temperature distribution during the final drying-redistribution process. The semi-empirical model which incorporates the ‘falling rate’ evaporation period gives more accurate predictions of the experimental data. This model is used to obtain additional physical information on the moisture redistribution and drying process in the slab.
- Published
- 1994
24. The release of chlorhexidine from modified dental acrylic resin
- Author
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S.J. Wilson and H.J. Wilson
- Subjects
Surface Properties ,Chemistry ,Methanol ,Chlorhexidine ,Acrylic Resins ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Drug Delivery Systems ,Monomer ,Polymerization ,visual_art ,medicine ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Methylmethacrylates ,Composite material ,General Dentistry ,Acrylic resin ,medicine.drug ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
A method for the incorporation of chlorhexidine into acrylic resin using monomer together with the pattern of release of chlorhexidine from treated resin into water at 37 degrees C is described. Release from polished and unpolished resin, and from acrylic prepared by short-curing and dry-curing processes are investigated. The pattern of release in all cases was of an exponential nature, showing a rapid release within the first 10 days becoming almost constant at a level of 0.4-1.5 micrograms cm-2 at about 20 days. Release was still evident at the end of the test period in all cases. Release of chlorhexidine into water from the short-cure specimens was accompanied by release of monomer, evident from the odour of the test solutions, indicating that polymerization was not complete.
- Published
- 1993
25. Formation of Primary and Secondary Myotubes in Aneural Muscles in the Mouse Mutant peroneal muscular atrophy
- Author
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A.J. Harris, P.R. Ashby, and S.J. Wilson
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Cell Count ,Gestational Age ,Strain (injury) ,Hindlimb ,Biology ,Mice ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Receptors, Cholinergic ,Molecular Biology ,Neurons ,Cell Death ,Myogenesis ,Muscles ,Compartment (ship) ,Peroneal muscular atrophy ,Cell Biology ,medicine.disease ,Acetylcholinesterase ,Mice, Mutant Strains ,Muscular Atrophy ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Ultrastructure ,Common peroneal nerve ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
The role of motor innervation in supporting and regulating muscle development was studied using aneural muscles in the hindlimb of the mouse mutant peroneal muscular atrophy (pma). This is a single-locus autosomal mutation where homozygous animals lack the common peroneal nerve, so that muscles in the anterolateral compartment of the lower leg develop entirely without innervation. In adults, these muscles are extremely atrophied, and the mice display a clubfoot deformity. The mutant animals provide a preparation in which aspects of muscle formation can be studied in muscles that have never been exposed to direct contact with somatic motor or sensory axons, without pharmacological or surgical intervention. Using quantitative electron microscopy, we found that normal numbers of primary myotubes formed in aneural pma EDL muscles, but a greater than normal proportion degenerated during the first 2 days after their formation. Secondary myotubes appeared at their normal time and position within the muscle, initially in normal numbers, so that the ratio of secondary to primary myotubes initially was greater in pma than in CF1 control strain mice. No abnormalities in ultrastructure were seen until the time of birth, when retardation in development was obvious, together with invading macrophages and degenerating myofibres. The results show that secondary myotube formation in the mouse, as in the chick (B. J. Fredette and L. T. Landmesser, Dev. Biol. 143, 19-35, 1991) is not directly dependent on innervation. In control muscles, secondary myotubes first form in the vicinity of endplates on primary myotubes. No aggregations of ACh receptors or acetylcholinesterase were present in the aneural muscles, showing that these are neurally induced in the mouse, but secondary myotubes formed in their normal position indicating that positional information related to endplate formation is present in aneural muscles.
- Published
- 1993
26. A method for the estimation of traces of chlorhexidine in water
- Author
-
S.J. Wilson and H.J. Wilson
- Subjects
Chromatography ,Chlorhexidine ,Extraction (chemistry) ,Reproducibility of Results ,Water ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Spectrophotometry ,Bromothymol blue ,Bromthymol Blue ,medicine ,Carbon Tetrachloride ,General Dentistry ,medicine.drug - Abstract
A simple method of estimating traces of chlorhexidine in water using bromothymol blue is described. The procedure involves the extraction of the chlorhexidine/bromothymol blue complex into carbon tetrachloride from a buffered neutral solution and measurement of the absorbances of the extracts in a spectrophotometer. The extracted complex has good colour stability, and the method is accurate, reproducible, and very sensitive, with concentrations of chlorhexidine down to 0.05 micrograms ml-1 measurable.
- Published
- 1993
27. The prevalence of valproic-acid-associated hyperammonaemia in patients with intractable epilepsy resident at the Chalfont centre for epilepsy
- Author
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S.D Shorvon, Philip N. Patsalos, M Hjelm, S.J Wilson, M Popovic, and J.M.A Cowan
- Subjects
Valproic Acid ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,General Neuroscience ,Intractable epilepsy ,Carbamazepine ,Pharmacology ,medicine.disease ,Gastroenterology ,Epilepsy ,Postprandial ,Refractory ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,In patient ,Neurology (clinical) ,Adverse effect ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA)-induced hyperammonaemia, with or without clinical or laboratory evidence of hepatoxicity, is well-documented. This study was designed to assess the prevalance of hyperammonaemia in institutionalised patients treated with VPA chronically and to identify contributing factors. Eight-two refractory patients (60 men and 22 women; mean age, 39 years; mean weight, 70.1 kg), were studied. Ten patients were on VPA monotherapy, and 72 were on antiepileptic drug (AED) polytherapy. Fourteen epileptic patients on AED polytherapy excluding VPA (patient controls) and 10 volunteers (healthy controls) were also evaluated. VPA dose ranged between 7.1 and 71.4 mg/kg/day and was associated with VPA plasma concentrations of 114–753 and 77–1,315 μmol/L pre-and postprandially, respectively. A plasma ammonium (NH 4 + ) concentration of 50 μmol/L is considered the upper normal limit in healthy adult subjects. Pre- and postprandial plasma NH 4 + concentrations >50 μmol/L were seen in 20% and 30% of VPA-treated patients, respectively. In contrast, all healthy and patient controls had plasma NH 4 + concentrations 4 + concentration. The highest VPA dose (71.4 mg/kg/day) was associated with the highest (95 μmol/L) plasma NH 4 + concentration. There was a significant correlation ( r = 0.61; p 4 + and VPA concentration postprandially in male patients taking VPA and carbamazepine in combination. It is concluded that, although VPA medication can be associated with elevated plasma NH 4 + concentrations that are not clinically significant in many patients, caution is necessary when prescribing VPA.
- Published
- 1993
28. Broad-band amplification using a novel amplifier topology
- Author
-
S.J. Wilson, D. Lowe, and R. Di Muro
- Subjects
Optical amplifier ,Amplified spontaneous emission ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Amplifier ,Bandwidth (signal processing) ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Superradiance ,Noise figure ,Topology ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Erbium ,Optics ,chemistry ,Splitter ,Optoelectronics ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business - Abstract
A new broad-band amplifier topology that provides a continuous gain across 75 nm (1528-1603 nm) of optical bandwidth using Er/sup 3+/-doped SiO/sub 2/ fiber is demonstrated. The noise figure is low and does not present any discontinuity across the entire amplification bandwidth. The topology has a buried 1550/1585-nm splitter to reduce input signal loss and to provide amplified spontaneous emission suppression. The topology has been optimized using hybrid fiber; Er/sup 3+/-doped SiO/sub 2/ for the first stage and Er/sup 3+/-doped TeO/sub 2/ for the second stage, achieving 82 nm (1526-1618 nm) of optical bandwidth.
- Published
- 2001
29. Experimental correlation of the extended-band EDFA with an optimized numerical model using a dynamic gain tilt technique
- Author
-
N.E. Jolley, S.J. Wilson, R. Di Muro, and J. Mun
- Subjects
Optical amplifier ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Physics::Optics ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Optical fibre amplifiers ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Erbium ,Optics ,Tilt (optics) ,chemistry ,Emission coefficient ,Fiber amplifier ,Experimental correlation ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,business ,Optical correlation - Abstract
We present theoretical and experimental verification of an optimized erbium-doped fiber amplifiers model in the extended band with an emission coefficient derived from a dynamic gain tilt technique. The validity of the method has been verified with two different erbium fibers.
- Published
- 2000
30. Radiative transfer in absorbing, emitting and linearly anisotropically scattering inhomogeneous solid spheres
- Author
-
S.J. Wilson and T.R. Nanda
- Subjects
Physics ,Angular momentum ,Radiation ,Scattering ,Integral equation ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Computational physics ,Classical mechanics ,Collocation method ,Radiative transfer ,SPHERES ,Galerkin method ,Spectroscopy ,Intensity (heat transfer) - Abstract
Radiative transfer in absorbing, emitting, linearly anisotropically scattering, inhomogeneous solid spheres with reflecting boundaries is considered. Thynell and Ozisik have reformulated this problem as a set of coupled integral equations and Thynell has solved the homogeneous case using Galerkin's method. A collocation method is proposed by us to solve the coupled integral equations. This procedure may also be used to handle the inhomogeneous case. The results for the homogeneous case with isotropic scattering are compared with exact values by El-Wakil et al. The results for the homogeneous case with anisotropic scattering are compared with those obtained by Thynell. The results for the inhomogeneous case with isotropic scattering are compared with those of El-Wakil et al.
- Published
- 1990
31. Broadband single-mode optical fibre couplers
- Author
-
S.J. Wilson and T. Bricheno
- Subjects
Optical fiber ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Optical coupler ,Bandwidth (signal processing) ,Single-mode optical fiber ,Physics::Optics ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,law.invention ,Optics ,law ,Broadband ,Radiative transfer ,Physics::Accelerator Physics ,Integrated optics ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,business - Abstract
On the basis of an analysis of coupling between single-mode optical fibres, the optimum geometries for 1× N and N × N couplers, which rely on radiative coupling between tapered single-mode fibres, are described. Examples are given of the loss performance, output uniformity and bandwidth to be expected from the proposed devices. The couplers have attractive benefits, particularly at large values of N , when compared with alternative technologies.
- Published
- 1990
32. Viscous flow behaviour of fluorozirconate glasses
- Author
-
D. Poole and S.J. Wilson
- Subjects
Materials science ,Rheometry ,Mechanical Engineering ,Flow (psychology) ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Isothermal process ,law.invention ,Physics::Fluid Dynamics ,Viscosity ,Hysteresis ,Mechanics of Materials ,law ,Viscous flow ,General Materials Science ,Crystallization ,Deformation (engineering) ,Composite material - Abstract
The isothermal viscous flow properties of two fluorozirconate glass compositions have been studied by parallel plate rheometry at temperatures approaching the fibre-drawing viscosity region. An unusual flow behaviour has been found, in which sharp end points occur where deformation ceases under load. This behaviour has been characterised in terms of a threshold yield stress with hysteresis effects. The materials are prone to crystallisation, but no obvious direct link has been found between such effects and the flow behaviour, which may thus be intrinsic.
- Published
- 1990
33. Glass viscosity measurement by parallel plate rheometry
- Author
-
S.J. Wilson and D. Poole
- Subjects
Measurement method ,Viscosity ,Rheometry ,Mechanics of Materials ,Chemistry ,Mechanical Engineering ,Rheometer ,Thermodynamics ,General Materials Science ,Composite material ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Parallel plate ,Viscosity measurement - Abstract
The use of the technique of parallel plate rheometry for providing viscosity data as a function of temperature in the range 105 to 109 poise is described. Results obtained for a standard reference glass are compared with previous data.
- Published
- 1990
34. Changes in water relations of Eucalyptus nitens nursery stock during and after lifting and transplanting.
- Author
-
S.J. Wilson and R.J. Clark
- Subjects
EUCALYPTUS ,PLANT growth ,NURSERY stock ,PLANT development - Abstract
Field symptoms of transplanting shock in Eucalyptus nitens open rooted (1/2 + 1/2) transplants suggest water stress. To identify stages in the development of symptoms, changes in water relations were monitored from undisturbed seedlings growing in a commercial nursery through lifting, transplanting into pots and re-establishment of normal water relations. Hydraulic resistance measured as leaf specific resistivity increased with each step in the transplanting process. Resistivity after lifting was double that measured on undisturbed plants in the nursery and subsequently doubled with each of the two successive stages, root trimming and planting out. Resistivity fell after the initial rise, returning to the values recorded in the nursery in two stages. An initial rapid decrease, which was not accompanied by any measurable root growth, was followed by a seven day period without a change in resistivity before a further gradual decrease as root volume increased with new root growth. All water relations measurements were taken on trees which had not suffered any permanent leaf damage as a result of transplanting. For a small group of trees which did suffer damage there was a significant relationship between root volume at planting and the retained healthy leaf area. Before shoot growth had recommenced the final ratio of turgid leaf area to initial root volume was comparable with plants immediately after lifting and before trimming. The results are discussed in terms of the changes in predawn leaf water potential, leaf water potential and the leaf damage or defoliation symptoms occuring in plantations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Pump induced inhomogeneity of gain spectra in conventional and extended-band EDFAs
- Author
-
R. Di Muro, Martin Healy, F. Davis, N.E. Jolley, S.J. Wilson, and P.N. Kean
- Subjects
Optical amplifier ,Amplified spontaneous emission ,Materials science ,business.industry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Spectral line ,Ion ,Erbium ,Optical pumping ,Wavelength ,Optics ,chemistry ,Wavelength-division multiplexing ,Optoelectronics ,business - Abstract
We present results on spectral gain changes resulting from small changes of pump wavelength in erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs). While conventional-band EDFAs exhibit a significant effect with 980-nm pumping and a smaller effect with 1480 nm, it is absent for extended-band EDFAs operating around 1585 nm.
- Published
- 2003
36. A new method to determine the Er-fibre gain coefficient from dynamic gain tilt technique
- Author
-
B.S. Farley, N.E. Jolley, Alan Robinson, R. Di Muro, J. Mun, and S.J. Wilson
- Subjects
Optical amplifier ,Gain coefficient ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Attenuation ,Gain ,Physics::Optics ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Round-trip gain ,Erbium ,Optics ,Tilt (optics) ,chemistry ,Attenuation coefficient ,business - Abstract
A new method to determine the Er-fiber gain coefficient is presented using a dynamic gain tilt technique. Results demonstrate that this method is very simple, highly accurate, and especially useful for long-wavelength erbium-doped fiber amplifier.
- Published
- 2003
37. Dependence of L-band amplifier efficiency on pump wavelength and amplifier design
- Author
-
R. Di Muro, P.N. Kean, S.J. Wilson, and J. Mun
- Subjects
Optical amplifier ,L band ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Amplifier ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Population inversion ,Erbium ,Wavelength ,Optics ,Optical fiber amplifiers ,chemistry ,Optoelectronics ,business - Abstract
An improvement in amplifier efficiency resulting from pump wavelength tuning is shown to occur in extended band (L-band) EDFAs. We investigate the effects for different EDFA configurations and for 980 nm and 1480 nm pumping.
- Published
- 2002
38. Quality of Life and the Distribution of Wealth and Resources
- Author
-
S.J. Wilson, L. McArthur, W. Fyfe, Robert Costanza, P. O'Brien, L. MacPhee, Joshua Farley, P. Templet, J. Ribemboim, K. MacDonald, C. A. Miller, G. Patterson, M. Corson, R. Esquivel, O. Loucks, K. Furusawa, and Ph. Crabbé
- Subjects
Economic growth ,Anthropocentrism ,Quality of life ,Fair distribution ,Distribution of wealth ,Sustainability ,Development economics ,Dominant ideology ,Economics ,Resource consumption ,Free market ,humanities - Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses all the anthropocentric definitions of sustainability and focuses on sustaining an acceptable level of human quality of life (QOL). Within the dominant ideology of free market capitalism, reducing wealth and resource consumption also reduces QOL within a generation. It appears that excessive resource consumption on the part of the current generation threatens dramatic reductions to the QOL of future generations. Continued economic growth substantially increases this threat. Current levels of QOL depends on current consumption levels, as this means ensuring sustainability for fixture generations requires a reduction in QOL for at least some of the people alive today. Above a certain level, greater wealth, and resource consumption are not tightly linked to QOL. Thus, a more fair distribution of resources and wealth within and among generations need not require a sacrifice in QOL for the current generation, increasing the feasibility of policies directed towards this outcome.
- Published
- 2002
39. Thulium-doped tellurite glasses for S-band amplification
- Author
-
Mira Naftaly, Animesh Jha, S.J. Wilson, and Shaoxiong Shen
- Subjects
Optical amplifier ,Materials science ,Tellurite glass ,business.industry ,Doping ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Optical fibre amplifiers ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Thulium ,Optics ,chemistry ,Optoelectronics ,S band ,business ,Fluoride ,Refractive index - Abstract
The advantages of tellurite glass hosts for Tm-doped S-band gain media are investigated. Comparisons are made with fluoride hosts and the ability to control bandwidth. by choice of tellurite glass composition is demonstrated.
- Published
- 2001
40. Tm-doped fiber amplifiers in the 1480nm region with 980nm/1550nm pumps
- Author
-
S.J. Wilson, Edward Zhang, Rodolfo Di Muro, Andrew V Maroney, and Daria Crippa
- Subjects
Optical amplifier ,Materials science ,Optics ,business.industry ,Amplifier ,Wavelength-division multiplexing ,Doping ,Optoelectronics ,Dispersion-shifted fiber ,Spontaneous emission ,Fiber ,business ,Semiconductor laser theory - Abstract
This work reports a substantial optical gain in Tm doped fiber in the region of 1450-1500 nm, with dual wavelength pumps in 980 nm and 1550 nm ranges. Pump sources employedare semiconductor lasers and all passive components in the amplifier are commonly found in EDFAs.
- Published
- 2001
41. Cost effectiveness of radial vs. femoral artery approach to outpatient cardiac catheterization
- Author
-
Oleg Roussanov, S.J. Wilson, K. Henley, Greta Estacio, Judith A. Hill, Nabil Jarmukli, and B. Dogan
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Cost effectiveness ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,General Medicine ,Femoral artery ,Surgery ,Internal medicine ,medicine.artery ,medicine ,Cardiology ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Cardiac catheterization - Published
- 2007
42. Delayed-Immediate Breast Reconstruction: Our Experience
- Author
-
John Moir, Stuart Allan, Alice Townend, Paola Serra, Sebastian Aspinall, and Michael S.J. Wilson
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Oncology ,business.industry ,Medicine ,Surgery ,General Medicine ,Radiology ,business ,Breast reconstruction - Published
- 2012
43. Polarization-dependent gain in erbium-doped fibers
- Author
-
R. Keys, M. Healy, A. N. Robinson, S.J. Wilson, J. E. Righton, and S. R. Baker
- Subjects
Optical amplifier ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Amplifier ,Doping ,Physics::Optics ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Laser pumping ,Polarization (waves) ,Erbium ,chemistry ,Optoelectronics ,Polarization dependent ,business ,Circular polarization - Abstract
One component of polarization-dependent gain (PDG) in optical amplifiers has been shown to originate from polarization hole burning (PHB) in the erbium fibers.1 In this paper we quantify its magnitude for copumped amplifiers under operating conditions typical of those used in long-haul amplified systems. We find that PDG can be significant, even when the polarization state of the signal is circular, and that hole burning due to the polarization of the 1480-nm pump laser contributes significantly to the overall polarization-dependent gain of the fiber.
- Published
- 1994
44. Formation of myotubes in aneural rat muscles
- Author
-
A.J. Harris and S.J. Wilson
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,animal structures ,Population ,Morphogenesis ,Gestational Age ,Biology ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Myocyte ,Animals ,Rats, Wistar ,education ,Molecular Biology ,Denervation ,Neurons ,education.field_of_study ,Fetus ,Myogenesis ,Muscles ,Embryogenesis ,Cell Biology ,musculoskeletal system ,Embryonic stem cell ,Rats ,Endocrinology ,embryonic structures ,Cell Division ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
Skeletal muscles formed in the absence of innervation are deficient in number of fibers, atrophic, and prone to degeneration. We and others have suggested that primary myotubes form autonomously, and the major effect of embryonic denervation is to halt the formation of secondary myotubes by removing the mitotic stimulus for generation of their precursor myoblasts. This hypothesis has recently been put into question by the results of work by Condon et al. (Dev. Biol., 138, 275-295, 1990) and by B. J. Fredette and L. T. Landmesser (Dev. Biol. 143, 19-35, 1991) who propose that lowered secondary myotube numbers are at least in part due to absence of the primary myotubes which would normally serve as scaffold for their formation. We distinguish between these hypotheses by studying generation and degeneration of primary myotubes and formation of secondary myotubes in fetal rat muscles denervated by injection of beta-bungarotoxin at different times between Embryonic Days (E) 14 and 17. Denervation at any of these times reduced primary myotube numbers on E18 to about 80% of control. Despite this modest decrease in primary myotube numbers, secondary myotube generation fell to below 3% of normal in extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles denervated on E14 or E15 and to below 12% of control in soleus muscles denervated on E14-E16. Secondary myotubes were associated with degenerating as well as intact primary myotubes. More secondary myotubes were generated only if nerves had been present up until E16 for EDL or E17 for soleus. We suggest that these observations of a critical period until E16 (EDL) or E17 (soleus) during which innervation is an absolute prerequisite for secondary myotube formation reflect the presence of a nerve-dependent population of myoblasts which must be activated before secondary myotube formation can commence.
- Published
- 1993
45. Identification of Peak Levels of Stress for Couples During In Vitro Fertilization Treatment Cycles
- Author
-
Anthony Cheung, S.J. Wilson, and M Clauson
- Subjects
Stress (mechanics) ,Andrology ,In vitro fertilisation ,Reproductive Medicine ,medicine.medical_treatment ,medicine ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Identification (biology) ,Biology - Published
- 2000
46. P.8.a.030 Morning cortisol response in patients with parasomnias and insomnia
- Author
-
David J. Nutt, S.J. Wilson, R. Dickens, David S. Jessop, and Stafford L. Lightman
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cortisol awakening response ,business.industry ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Neurology ,Internal medicine ,Insomnia ,Medicine ,Pharmacology (medical) ,In patient ,Neurology (clinical) ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Biological Psychiatry - Published
- 2008
47. Percutaneous coronary intervention on acute coronary syndrome patients in veterans affairs center without on-site cardiac surgery
- Author
-
S.J. Wilson, K. Henley, Oleg Roussanov, B. Hart, Nabil Jarmukli, and B. Dogan
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Acute coronary syndrome ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Percutaneous coronary intervention ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Cardiac surgery ,Internal medicine ,Cardiology ,Medicine ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Veterans Affairs - Published
- 2006
48. LH and Progesterone Levels Do Not Predict Pregnancy Success in Cryopreserved Embyro Replacement Using Transdermal Estradiol for Endometrial Synchronization
- Author
-
Anthony Cheung, S.J. Wilson, J.M. Noble, and Sony Sierra
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Pregnancy ,business.industry ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Embryo ,medicine.disease ,Cryopreservation ,Endocrinology ,Reproductive Medicine ,Internal medicine ,Synchronization (computer science) ,medicine ,business ,Transdermal - Published
- 2005
49. Attitudes of young adults towards assisted reproductive technologies, third-party reproduction and adoption
- Author
-
Anthony Cheung and S.J. Wilson
- Subjects
Gynecology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Reproductive Medicine ,Third-party reproduction ,medicine ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Reproductive technology ,Young adult ,Psychology ,Demography - Published
- 2004
50. The influence of ethnicity on the reported levels of stress among an in vitro fertilization (IVF) population
- Author
-
Anthony Cheung, S.J. Wilson, and S.K Sehdeve
- Subjects
education.field_of_study ,In vitro fertilisation ,Reproductive Medicine ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Population ,Ethnic group ,medicine ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Physiology ,Biology ,education - Published
- 2001
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