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The location of Co and Ni promoter atoms in industrial-style hydrotreating catalysts is examined by combining aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectrum imaging. The observations unambiguously demonstrate that both Co and Ni promoter atoms occupy sites at all low-indexed edge terminations of hexagonally shaped multi-layer MoS2 nanocrystals. In contrast, similar observations for single-layer MoS2 nanocrystals show that Co-promoter atoms preferentially attach at the (-1 0 0) S-edge termination and are absent at the (1 0 0) Mo-edge termination. The apparent discrepancy between single- and multi-layer MoS2 nanocrystals can be explained by the 2H-MoS2 crystal structure, for which successive MoS2 layers alternatingly expose Mo- and S-edge terminations in any of the low-indexed directions. Thus, the multi-layer Co-Mo-S and Ni-Mo-S nanocrystals, formed in the present type of industrial-style hydrotreating catalyst, are consistently described as a superposition of single-layer Co-Mo-S and Ni-Mo-S structures, and in turn, provide promoted edge sites with different steric accessibility for the organic compounds in mineral oil distillates.

In this essay, Russell G. Moses argues that Charles Sanders Peirce's article "Evolutionary Love" establishes a general normative framework for a logic of evolutionary, progressive imagination that can be used to elucidate an evolutionary continuity between the normative works of Jane Addams, John Dewey, and Alain Locke. This exercise contributes to an understanding of pragmatism as a philosophy that seizes insights from evolution in order to normatively reconstruct dynamic meanings of truth, reality, ethics, politics, and art. In a dynamic model of progressive evolution--one homologous to the Golden Rule of "love your neighbor"--we find a normative cosmology that animates the moral imagination of philosophy toward what Addams called "democracy and social ethics." Moses concludes that in the Peircean model, together with subsequent developments, we may ultimately apprehend that evolution suggests a general form of development that may be hypothesized as a worthy normative guide for universal progressive education.

In the present work, Banyan and Peepal fibre reinforced hybrid composites are prepared through hand Lay- up technique..The objective of the work is to investigate the hardness and flexural properties of eight varieties of banyan – peepal hybrid composites. The composites include banyan-peepal-banyan-peepal-banyan fibre composite, peepal-banyan-peepal-banyan-peepal fibre composite, banyan-copper-banyan-copper-banyan fibre composite (F1-Cu-F1-Cu-F1), peepal-copper-peepal-copper-peepal fibre composite, banyan-peepal-copper-peepal-banyan fibre composite, peepal-copper-banyan-copper-peepal fibre composite, peepal-banyan-copper-banyan-peepal fibre composite, and banyan-copper-peepal-copper-banyan fibre composite . Each of these composites is prepared in 00 orientations (i.e., fibres parallel each other), 450 (i.e., fibres at 450 to each other) and 900 orientations (i.e., fibres perpendicular to each other). It is observed from the results that, the hardness of F2-Cu-F1-Cu-F2 composite with 900 orientation is high and that of F1-F2-F1-F2-F1 composite with 450 orientation is low. It is also noticed that, the bending strength of F2-Cu-F1-Cu-F2 composite with 00 orientation is high and that of F2-F1-F2-F1-F2 composite with 450 orientation is low, and as far as the composites with 90⁰ orientations are considered, no results are obtained. Further it is noticed that, the hardness of all the eight composites with 90˚ orientation is found to be high compared to their remaining orientations and also the hardness of all the composites with 45˚ orientation is low compared to their 0˚ and 90˚ orientations

The role of defects in the chemical activity of the rutile TiO2(110) surface remains a rich topic of research, despite the rutile (110) being one of the most studied surfaces of transition-metal oxides. Here, we present results from hybrid functional calculations that reconcile apparently disparate views on the impact of donor defects, such as oxygen vacancies and hydrogen impurities, on the electronic structure of the (110) rutile surface. We find that the bridging oxygen vacancy and adsorbed or substitutional hydrogen are actually shallow donors, which do not induce gap states. The excess electrons from these donor centers tend to localize in the form of small polarons, which are the factual cause of the deep states ~1 eV below the conduction band, often observed in photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. Our results offer a new framework for understanding the surface electronic structure of TiO2 and related oxides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Diabetes is a controllable disease, yet many adults struggle with managing this disease and are living with uncontrolled diabetes. Often, this can be attributed to patients' inadequate health literacy affecting their diabetes management behaviors.Objective: The objective of this study was to explore perceived benefits, barriers, and self-efficacy of patients to learn about the influences on diabetes management behaviors among varying health literacy levels.Methods: This study included patients at a pharmacist-led diabetes center in Indiana. Patients were contacted via phone and asked if they would like to participate. Data were collected via a 30-minute interview. Interview questions based on the Health Belief Model were asked to assess patients' behaviors of diabetes management. For qualitative data analysis of interviews after transcription, codes were applied using the coding software NVivo (QSR International, Burlington, MA) with a combined deductive and inductive approach taken to code creation.Results: There were no thematic differences in narratives of those with adequate versus inadequate health literacy regarding self-efficacy. However, participants with inadequate health literacy were more likely to rely on others to maintain self-efficacy.Conclusions: Information gathered from this study will further the understanding of patients' self-efficacy to manage diabetes and its influence by health literacy and support from others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A review of "Special Case 188" of the Bureau of Indian Affairs records and other ancillary archival sources suggests inferences into what prompted persons in the Bureau to respond as they did to Jack Wilson, the Ghost Dance prophet, and the Sioux rebellion in the Dakotas. (NEC)

Objective: To determine whether routine blood glucose assessment of patients admitted to hospital from emergency departments (EDs) results in higher rates of new diagnoses of diabetes and documentation of follow-up plans.Design, Setting: Cluster randomised trial in 18 New South Wales public district and tertiary hospitals, 31 May 2011 - 31 December 2012; outcomes follow-up to 31 March 2016.Participants: Patients aged 18 years or more admitted to hospital from EDs.Intervention: Routine blood glucose assessment at control and intervention hospitals; automatic requests for glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c ) assessment and notification of diabetes services about patients at intervention hospitals with blood glucose levels of 14 mmol/L or more.Main Outcome Measure: New diagnoses of diabetes and documented follow-up plans for patients with admission blood glucose levels of 14 mmol/L or more.Results: Blood glucose was measured in 133 837 patients admitted to hospital from an ED. The numbers of new diabetes diagnoses with documented follow-up plans for patients with blood glucose levels of 14 mmol/L or more were similar in intervention (83/506 patients, 16%) and control hospitals (73/278, 26%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.83; 95% CI 0.42-1.7; P = 0.61), as were new diabetes diagnoses with or without plans (intervention, 157/506, 31%; control, 86/278, 31%; aOR, 1.51; 95% CI, 0.83-2.80; P = 0.18). 30-day re-admission (31% v 22%; aOR, 1.34; 95% CI, 0.86-2.09; P = 0.21) and post-hospital mortality rates (24% v 22%; aOR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.74-1.55; P = 0.72) were also similar for patients in intervention and control hospitals.Conclusion: Glucose and HbA1c screening of patients admitted to hospital from EDs does not alone increase detection of previously unidentified diabetes. Adequate resourcing and effective management pathways for patients with newly detected hyperglycaemia and diabetes are needed.Trial Registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12611001007921. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

J. Leonard Farmer, father of American Civil Rights activist James Farmer, Jr., was an important philosopher in his own right. The elder Farmer argued that spiritual insight is measured by its power to bring hope to hopelessness. When the practical problem presents itself as national destruction, exemplary spiritual insight transforms that sacrifice into a warrant that the values cut down shall become the end values of history. This insight finds its paradigm in the teachings of the Second Isaiah. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Depletion of oil and gas resources is a major concern for researchers and the global community. Researchers are trying to develop a way to overcome these issues using the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) process. The FTS reaction converts a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide gases into a liquid fuel. The reactions are performed in the reactor and in the presence of a catalyst. A series of catalysts, such as iron, cobalt, nickel, and ruthenium, have been used for the FTS process. In iron-based catalysts, the Fe5C phase is the active phase that produces C5+ hydrocarbons. At higher conversion rates, the presence of water in the products is a problem for cobalt catalysts because it can trigger catalyst deactivation mechanisms. Ni-based catalysts play key roles as base catalysts, promoters, and photothermal catalysts in FTS reactions to produce different useful hydrocarbons. Ruthenium catalysts offer not only high activity but also selectivity toward long-chain hydrocarbons. Moreover, depending on the Ru particle size and interaction with the oxide support, the catalyst properties can be tuned to enhance the catalytic activity during FTS. The detailed reaction pathways based on catalyst properties are explained in this article. This review article describes the issues and challenges associated with catalysts used for the FTS process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discusses the turn-of-the-century rivalry between the US Office of Indian Affairs and Wild West shows, particularly at world's fairs, over whose image of the American Indian would prevail. The Indian bureau sought to show Indians as moving toward productive citizenship through the influence of education, training, Christianity, and the allotment of Indian lands in severalty. The Wild West shows fostered the image of American Indians as heroic warriors of a vanishing culture.

Traces the conflict between Indian-policy reformers and Wild West shows over the prevailing image of the Indian. The reformers portrayed Indians as tamed men who, through hard work and education, were becoming civilized and assimilated into white culture. The shows fostered the concept of Indians as uncivilized savages. With the advent of World War I and the rise of the movie industry, the heyday of the Wild West ended, but the conflict concerning the Indian's image continued.

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The article discusses research comparing the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) using the criteria proposed by the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) and using the Australasian Diabetes in Pregnancy Society (ADISP) criteria. It describes the prospective study over a six-month period examining 1,275 glucose tolerance test (GTTs) results for GDM diagnosis in Wollongong, New South Wales. It concludes that the proposed IADPSG criteria would increase the prevalence of GDM from 9.6% to 13.0%.

This paper presents a reading of the Moses narratives in the Pentateuch in dialog with Emmanuel Levinas. It examines the encounter with the Other on the part of the two major characters, namely, Moses and G-d, insofar as each is revealed to the Other during the course of the narrative and each is transformed as a result of their interaction. It both affirms and tests Levinas's understanding of love or beneficence on the part of the Other by pointing to both the constructive aspects of Moses's and Gd's interrelationship as well as the tensions that emerge between them and the consequences that result. The paper argues that Levinas's understanding of encounter with the Other provides an appropriate hermeneutical standpoint from which to read biblical literature, but that his understanding of the beneficence of such encounter must be modified to account for the tensions and conflicts that emerge. The paper begins with a discussion of Levinas's hermeneutical perspectives, including his rejection of the concept of totality in favor of infinity, his concept of the Self formed in relation to the Other, his understanding of Face in relation to moral summons, and his understanding of ethics applied to both Moses/ Israel and to G-d. Issues treated include Moses's encounter with G-d in the burning bush and plague narratives (Exodus 3-15); conflict between Moses and G-d in the golden calf episode (Exodus 32-34); the spy narratives (Numbers 13-14); and the call for water from the rock at Meribah (Numbers 20; Deuteronomy 34). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]